Technical Specification BQ55090QTA27 36-55 V 55 V Continuous Input Transient Input 9.6 V 240 W 2000 V dc Quarter-brick Output Max Power Isolation DC-DC Converter The BusQor® BQ55090QTA27 bus converter is a nextgeneration, board-mountable, isolated, fixed switching frequencydc/dc converter that uses synchronous rectification to achieve extremely high conversion efficiency. The power dissipated by the converter is so low that a heatsink is not required, which saves cost, weight, height, and application effort. The BusQor series provides an isolated step down voltage from 48V to 12 or 9.6V intermediate bus with no regulation in a standard “quarter-brick” module. BusQor converters are ideal for creating the mid-bus voltage required to drive point-of-load (non-isolated) converters in intermediate bus architectures. Bus Converter Operational Features BQ55090QTA27 Module • High efficiency, 96 % at full rated load current at full load • Delivers full power with minimal derating - no heatsink required Control Features • Operating input voltage range: 36-55 V dc • On/Off control referenced to input side • Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI • Inherent current share (by droop method) for high current and parallel applications. • No minimum load requirement Safety Features Mechanical Features • Industry standard quarter-brick pin-out configuration (two or four output pin option) • Size: 1.45” x 2.3” (36.8x58.4mm) • Total height: 0.445” (11.3mm) • Total weight: 1.5 oz (42 g) • 2000 V input-to-output isolation • UL 60950-1:2003 • CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 • EN60950-1:2001 • Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) • IEC 61000-4-2 • RoHS compliant (see page 14) Protection Features • Input under-voltage lockout and over-voltage shutdown protects again abnormal input voltages • Output current limit and short circuit protection (auto recovery) • Output over-voltage protection • Thermal shutdown Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Contents Page No. MECHANICAL DIAGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 BQ55090QTA27 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 BQ55090QTA27 Standards and Qualifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 BQ55090QTA27 Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9 Application Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 ORDERING INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 1 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick MECHANICAL DIAGRAM 1.45 (36.8) Overall Height 0.16 (4.1) 0.750 (19.05) 0.445+/-0.022 0.600 (15.24) (11.3+/-0.55) 0.150 (3.81) Bottom Side Clearance Top View 5 See Note 9 0.033+/-0.032 (0.84+/-0.81) 4 2.30 (58.4) Side View 2.00 (50.8) 1 2 3 0.600 (15.24) 0.145 (3.68) See Note 3 0.300 (7.62) 0.43 (10.8) NOTES 1) Pins 1-3 are 0.040” (1.02mm) diameter with 0.080” (2.03 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. PIN DESIGNATIONS Pin Name Function 2) Pins 4-5 are 0.062” (1.57 mm) diameter with 0.100” (2.54 mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 1 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 3) Other pin lengths available. Recommended pin length is 0.03” (0.76mm) greater than the PCB thickness. 2 ON/OFF 4) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish: Tin over Nickel plate 3 Vin(–) 4 Vout(–) Negative output 5 Vout(+) Positive output 5) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) Tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) Logic control input to turn converter on and off. Negative input 7) Weight: 1.5 oz (42 g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II 9) UL/TUV standards require a clearance of 0.04” (1.02mm) around primary areas of the module. 10) The flanged pins are designed to permit surface mount soldering (allowing to avoid the wave soldering process) through the use of the flanged pin-in-paste technique. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 2 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick BQ55 FAMILY ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48 V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating Operating Operating Transient Protection Isolation Voltage Input to Output Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Voltage at ON/OFF input pin INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Voltage Hysteresis Input Over-Voltage Shutdown Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Disabled Input Current Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Terminal-Ripple Current Recommended Input Fuse (see Note 1) Recommended External Input Capacitance Input Filter Component Values (C\L\C) OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Line Over Load Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception Output DC Current-Limit Shutdown Voltage Back-Drive Current Limit while Disabled Maximum Output Capacitance DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage during Load Current Transient Step Change in Output Current (0.1 A/µs) Settling Time Turn-On Transient Turn-On Time (with 3mF output capacitance) Start-Up Inhibit Time Output Voltage Overshoot Product # BQ55090QTA27 Min. Typ. Max. 0 36 48 60 55 N/A V V V 2000 100 125 18 V °C °C V 55 V -40 -55 -2 36 48 34.3 32 2.4 47 1\6.6 V V V V V V A mA mA mA mA A µF µH\µF 9.6 V 40\3.8 5.2\500 2\200 %\V %\mV %\mV V 59.2 56.9 15.0 10 140 8.5 110 30.0 20 20 6.550 11.000 50 20 0 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Units Notes & Conditions 90 36 48 5 10 3,000 200 100 2 200 0 3 www.synqor.com mV mV A A V mA µF Continuous Continuous 100 ms transient, square wave RMS through 10µH inductor RMS, full load Fast blow external fuse recommended Typical ESR 0.1-0.2 Ω Internal values; see Figure E Over sample, line, load, temperature & life 20 MHz bandwidth; see Note 2 Full load Full load at 7.2 Vout, 36Vin; Subject to thermal derating 36Vin, Output Voltage 10% Low Negative current drawn from output 9.6Vout at 27 A Resistive Load mV µs 50% to 75% to 50% Iout max To within 1% Vout nom ms ms % Full load, Vout=90% nom. -40 °C to +125 °C; Figure F 3 mF load capacitance Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 3 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick BQ55 FAMILY ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Ta = 25 °C, airflow rate = 300 LFM, Vin = 48 V dc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40 °C to +100 °C ambient temperature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice. Parameter Min. Typ. ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Isolation Voltage (dielectric strength) Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance (input to output) TEMPERATURE LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING CURVES Semiconductor Junction Temperature Board Temperature Transformer Temperature Maximum Baseplate Temperature, Tb EFFICIENCY 100% Load 50% Load FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency 131 ON/OFF Control (Option P) Off-State Voltage -1 On-State Voltage 2.4 ON/OFF Controll (Option N) Pull-Up Voltage 2.4 Pull-Up Resistance -1 Output Over-Voltage Protection Over-Temperature Shutdown OTP Trip Point 140 Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) TR-NWT-000332 Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) MIL-HDBK-217F Field Demonstrated MTBF Max. 2000 30 470 Units Notes & Conditions V MΩ pF See Absolute Maximum Ratings Package rated to 150 °C UL rated max operating temp 130 °C N/A °C °C °C °C 96 96 % % 125 125 125 155 178 kHz 0.8 18 V V 18 0.8 V V V °C °C See Note 3 Application notes Figures A & B 7.5 150 10 1 TBD Over full temp range; no load Average PCB Temperature 106 Hrs. 80% load, 200LFM, 40 °C Ta 106 Hrs. 80% load, 200LFM, 40 °C Ta 106 Hrs. See our website for details Note 1: UL’s product certification tests were carried out using 20A fast blow fuse. Fuse interruption characteristics have to be taken into account while designing input traces. User should ensure that Input trace is capable of withstanding fault currents Note 2: For applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult SynQor applications support (e-mail: [email protected]) Note 3: Isolation capacitance can be added external to the module. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 4 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick BQ55090QTA27 Standards and Qualifications Parameter Notes & Conditions STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL 60950-1:2003 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 EN60950-1:2001 Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) Test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test, 8 kV - NP, 15 kV air - NP (Normal Performance) Note: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. Parameter # Units Test Conditions QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test 32 95% rated Vin and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours Vibration 5 10-55 Hz sweep, 0.060" total excursion, 1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis Mechanical Shock 5 100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis Temperature Cycling 10 -40 °C to 100 °C, unit temp. ramp 15 °C/min., 500 cycles Power/Thermal Cycling 5 Toperating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Design Marginality 5 Tmin-10 °C to Tmax+10 °C, 5 °C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load Humidity 5 85 °C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5 min/day Solderability Product # BQ55090QTA27 15 pins Phone 1-888-567-9596 MIL-STD-883, method 2003 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 5 Input: Output: Current: Package: 100 97.0 95 96.5 90 96.0 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) Technical Specification 85 80 35 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin 75 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick 95.5 95.0 25º C 40º C 55º C 94.5 70 94.0 0 10 20 30 40 100 200 Load Current (A) 300 400 Air Flow (LFM) Figure 2: Efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). Figure 1: Efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. 14 8 Power Dissipation (W) Power Dissipation (W) 12 10 8 6 4 35 Vin 48 Vin 2 7 6 5 25º C 40º C 55º C 55 Vin 0 4 0 10 20 30 40 100 Load Current (A) 200 300 400 Air Flow (LFM) Figure 3: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 4: Power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25°C, 40°C, and 55°C (nominal input voltage). 40 Iout (A) 30 20 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 10 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 25 40 55 70 Semiconductor junction temperature is within 1°C of surface temperature 85 Ambient Air Temperature (ºC) Figure 5: Maximum output power-derating curve vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing from pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage). Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure 6: Thermal plot of converter at 30 A load current (268 W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from pin 1 to pin 3 (nominal input voltage). www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 6 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick 40 Iout (A) 30 20 400 LFM (2.0 m/s) 300 LFM (1.5 m/s) 10 200 LFM (1.0 m/s) 100 LFM (0.5 m/s) 0 25 40 55 70 85 Semiconductor junction temperature is within 1°C of surface temperature Ambient Air Temperature (ºC) Figure 7: Maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air temperature for airflow rates of 100 LFM through 400 LFM with air flowing across the converter from output to input (nominal input voltage). Figure 8: Thermal plot of converter at 30 A load current (268 W) with 55°C air flowing at the rate of 200 LFM. Air is flowing across the converter from output to input (nominal input voltage). Figure 9: Turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (1 ms/div). Load cap: 3 mF output capacitance. Input voltage pre-applied. Ch 1: Vout (5 V/ div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (2 V/div). Figure 10: Turn-on transient at zero load (1 ms/div). Load cap: 3 mF output capacitance. Ch 1: Vout (5 mV/div), Ch 2: ON/OFF input (2 V/div). Figure 11: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%75%-50% of Iout(max); dI/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 15µF tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Figure 12: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%75%-50% of Iout(max): dI/dt = 1A/µs). Load cap: 470µF, 30 mΩ ESR tantalum cap and 1µF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (200mV/div), Ch 2: Iout (10A/div). Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 7 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification See Fig. 15 10 µH source impedance See Fig. 14 iS VSOURCE iC 47 µF, <1W ESR electrolytic capacitor 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick See Fig. 16 DC-DC Converter VOUT 1 µF 15 µF, ceramic 450mW ESR capacitor tantalum capacitor Figure 13: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current (Figure 14), Input Reflected Ripple Current (Figure 15) and Output Voltage Ripple (Figure 16). Figure 14: Input Terminal Ripple Current, ic, at full rated output current and nominal input voltage with 10µH source impedance and 47µF electrolytic capacitor (200 mA/div). See Figure 13. Figure 15: Input reflected ripple current, is, through a 10 µH source inductor, using a 47µF electrolytic input capacitor (20 mA/div). See Figure 13. Figure 16: Output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 15µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 20 MHz. See Figure 13. Figure 17: Output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (48V to 55V), at rated load current. Load cap: 15µF tantalum capacitor and 1uF ceramic cap. Ch 1: Vout (5 V/div), Ch 2: Vin (20V/div). Figure 18: Load current (50 A/div) as a function of time when the converter attempts to turn on into a 1 mΩ short circuit. Top trace (10 ms/div) is an expansionof the on-time portion of the bottom trace. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 8 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 0 0.1 0.01 35 Vin 0.001 48 Vin Forward Transmission (dB) Output Impedance (ohms) 1 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick -10 -20 -30 35 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin 55 Vin 0.0001 -40 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 10 100 Hz 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 19: Magnitude of incremental output impedance (Zout = Vout/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 20: Magnitude of incremental forward transmission (FT = Vout/Vin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 1000 5 Input Impedance (ohms) Reverse Transmission (dB) -5 -15 -25 -35 35 Vin -45 100 10 35 Vin 1 48 Vin 48 Vin 55 Vin 55 Vin 0.1 -55 10 100 1,000 10,000 10 100,000 Hz 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Hz Figure 21: Magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (RT = Iin/Iout) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. Figure 22: Magnitude of incremental input impedance (Zin = Vin/Iin) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 12 Output Voltage (V) 10 8 6 4 35 Vin 2 48 Vin 55 Vin 0 0 10 20 30 40 Load Current (A) Figure 23: Output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 9 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES CONTROL FEATURES With voltages dropping and currents rising, the economics of an Intermediate Bus Architecture (IBA) are becoming more attractive, especially in systems requiring multiple low voltages. IBA systems separate the role of isolation and voltage scaling from regulation and sensing. The BusQor series bus converter provides isolation and a coarse voltage step down in one compact module, leaving regulation to simpler, less expensive nonisolated converters. REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 2): The ON/OFF input, Pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. This input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, Vin(-). There are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the ON/OFF input. In Figure A below, the BusQor module provides the isolation stage of the IBA system. The isolated bus then distributes power to the non-isolated buck regulators to generate the required voltage levels at the point of load. In this case, the bucks are represented with SynQor’s NiQor series of non-isolated dc/dc converters. In many applications requiring multiple low voltage outputs, significant savings can be achieved in board space and overall system costs. In the positive logic version, the ON/OFF input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on). In the negative logic version, the ON/OFF signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on). Figure B is a detailed look of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. Positive logic enabled modules have N-channel FET populated. Negative logic enabled modules have P-channel FET populated. Vin+ 124k When designing an IBA system with bus converters, the designer can select from a variety of bus voltages. While there is no universally ideal bus voltage, most designs employ one of the following: 12V, 9V, 7.5V, 5V, or 3.3V. Higher bus voltages can lead to lower efficiency for the buck regulators but are more efficient for the bus converter and provide lower board level distribution current. Lower bus voltages offer the opposite trade offs. SynQor’s 9.6 Vout BusQor module acts as a true dc transformer. The output voltage is proportional to the input voltage, with a specified “turns ratio” or voltage ratio, plus minor drop from the internal resistive losses in the module. When used in IBA systems, the output variation of the BusQor must be in accordance with the input voltage range of the non-isolated converters being employed. The BusQor architecture is very scalable, meaning multiple bus converters can be connected directly in parallel to allow current sharing for higher power applications. Typical User Board 3.3 V 2.5 V 48Vdc 42-53V 48Vdc Front End BusQor Converter 9.6Vdc 1.8 V 1.5 V 0.9 V NiQor Loads Converters Figure A: Example of Intermediate Bus Architecture using BusQor bus converter and NiQor non-isolated converters Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 5V On/Off 49.9k TTL 100k Vin- Figure B: Internal ON/OFF pin circuitry PROTECTION FEATURES Input Under-Voltage Lockout: The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout circuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input voltage is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Also see Figure E. Output Current Limit: The output of the BusQor module is electronically protected against output overloads. When an overload current greater than the “DC Current-Limit Inception” specification is drawn from the output, the output shuts down to zero volt in a period of 1ms typical (see Figure C). The shutdown period lasts for a typical period of 200 ms (Figure D) after which the BusQor tries to power up again. If the overload persists, the output voltage will go through repeated cycles of shutdown and restart with a duty cycle of 20 ms (On) and 200 ms (Off) respectively. The BusQor module returns (auto resetting) to normal operation once the overload is removed. The BusQor is designed to survive in this mode indefinitely without damage and without human intervention. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 10 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick Over-Temperature Shutdown: A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over- Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. Output Current 33A 27A Output Voltage APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS 9.6V 0V 1ms Time Figure C: Output Overload protection diagram (not to scale) Output Short Circuit Protection: When the output of the BusQor module is shorted, a peak current of typically 95 A will flow into the short circuit for a period of about 20ms. The output of the BusQor will shutdown to zero volts for the same period (Figure E). The shutdown period lasts for a period of 200ms, at the end of which the BusQor module tries to power up again. If the short circuit persists, the output voltage will go through repeat ed cycles of shutdown and restart with a duty cycle of 20ms (On) and 200ms (Off) respectively. The BusQor module returns (auto resetting) to normal operation once the short circuit is removed. The BusQor is designed to survive in this mode indefinitely without damage and without human intervention. In the Auto resetting mode, also referred to as “Hiccup” mode, the power drawn from the 48V input is about 5 Watts, most of which is dissipated into the external fault. It is important that cop- per traces and pads from the output circuit be designed to withstand the short term peaks, although the average current into the fault may be as low as 100mA typical. See Figure 18 for appropriate waveform. Output Current 95A peak Start-Up Inhibit Period: Figure E details the Start-Up Inhibit Period for the BusQor module. At time t0, when Vin is applied with On/Off pin asserted (enabled), the BusQor output begins to build up. Before time t1, when the input voltage is below the UVL threshold, the unit is disabled by the Input Under-Voltage Lockout feature. When the input voltage rises above the UVL threshold, the Input Under-Voltage Lockout is released, and a typical Startup Inhibit Period of 3ms is initiated. The output builds up to 90% or higher of the nominal voltage and stabilizes at the nominal value of 9.6 V in a period of 3.6ms typical. The rise time from 0V to 90% is 600µs typical (with 3mF external output capacitance at no load). At time t2, when the On/Off pin is de-asserted (disabled), the BusQor output instantly drops to 0V. Fall time from 9.6V to 0V is dependent on output capacitance and any parasitic trace inductance in the output load circuit. At time t3, when the On/Off pin is re-asserted (enabled), the BusQor module output begins to build up after the inhibit period of 2.5ms typical. Refer to the Control Features section of the data sheet for details on enabling and disabling methods for N and P logic type modules. Vin UVLO On/Off (N logic) OFF ON Output Voltage t0 t1 t2 t3 t Vout <9.6V 9.6V 0V 220ms 20ms 2.5ms Time Figure D: Output Short Circuit and Auto-Resetting protection diagram (not to scale) Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 3ms Time 3.1ms Figure E: Power Up/Down Diagram (not to scale) showing Start-Up Inhibit Period. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 11 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification Keep Out Areas: Component Keep Out Area: Keep out areas for components not referenced to the Primary circuit are shown in shaded areas in Figure F. The keep out areas shown are consistent with UL’s requirements for Basic Insulation of 0.04” (40 mils) for Pollution degree 2. User should consult UL standards for other insulation classes and operating environments For applications that require mounting parts BELOW the BusQor module, one should be aware of potential high levels of electromagnetic interference, in addition to safety keep out. Users are advised to consult SynQor Applications engineering in such applications. 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick Output Load Current Calculation: The BusQor series allows the converter output load to be measured without adding a current loop or external shunt resistor to the designer’s PCB board under test. On the top side of the BusQor converter is a current sense resistor as shown in Figure G. The output load current is proportional to the voltage drop across this sense resistor. This calculation is detailed below. A current sense resistor referenced to the primary input is used in the equation below to calculate the output load current. Iload = (VRsense(load) - VRsense(no load) ) x 833 where: Iload = output load current 0.01” VRsense(load) = voltage across the sense resistor with converter under load VRsense(no load) = voltage across the sense resistor with converter at zero load 0.023” Bridging Capacitor 0.01” 1.50” Primary Secondary Figure F: Keep Out Areas for BusQor module Copper Keep Out Area: Keep out areas shown in Figure F are to be observed for Top layer copper traces and vias. Internal layers buried one or more layers may be exempt, depending on the PCB material grade and thickness. Users are advised to consult UL standards for details. All layers including top and bottom, are subject to the keep out areas shown around Primary pins of BusQor module. Actual keep outs along the surface (Creepage) may vary depending on the PCB material CTI. Users are advised to consult UL standards for details. Bridging Components: Bridging components like EMI filter capacitors required to be placed as close as possible to the BusQor module for optimum performance must observe the clearance/creepage requirements of 0.04”(40 mils) between pads to maintain compliance to UL standards for the overall power system. Note: Referenced keep out widths are adequate to withstand UL’s Basic Insulation Dielectric strength tests for approved PCB materials. Applications requiring Double or Reinforced insulation must double the keep out widths shown in Figure F. Keep out areas shown have standard margins above UL’s minimum requirements. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Figure G: Location of Sense Resistors The number 833 is a “Load Current Scale Factor” for this product, valid only for Vin = 48V. Hence, measurement should be made at this input voltage. The voltage drop across the sense resistor is about 32.4mV at full load of 27A. Therefore, proper measuring techniques must be used to ensure accuracy. A calibrated DMM set to 300mV is acceptable. Since this measurement is done on the Primary area of the converter, a slight non-linearity may be observed over the load current range. Using the Scale Factor referenced above, the error may be on the order of 4%. For more detailed information consult the application note on SynQor’s web site titled “Output Load Current Calculations”. Current Sharing: BusQor modules are designed to operate in parallel without the use of any external current share circuitry. A typical circuit for paralleling two BusQor modules is shown in Figure H. An output capacitor is recommended across each module and located close to the converter for optimum filtering and noise control performance. Dedicated input inductors are recommended but are considered optional. Input capacitors must be located close to the converter module. PCB layout in the input circuit should be such that high frequency ripple currents of each www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 12 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 1 5 BusQor module (N logic option) Vin 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick 9Vout 50A 2 3 4 1 5 BusQor module (N logic option) 2 3 4 Figure H: BusQor Output Paralleling for increased current output. module is restricted to a loop formed by the input capacitors and the input terminals of the BusQor module. See Figure J for details on PCB layout. Contact SynQor application engineering 48Vin BusQor module CM EMI filter (Not shown in Figure H) Bulk Cap BusQor module Input LC filters Figure J: Recommended PCB layout for input circuit Figure I: Current share performance of 2 paralleled modules for further assistance on PCB trace design. The current share performance of two paralleled modules is illustrated in the graph in Figure I. In this graph the percent deviation from ideal sharing (50%) is plotted for each module versus the total output load current at 48Vin. Product # BQ55090QTA27 Phone 1-888-567-9596 www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 13 Input: Output: Current: Package: Technical Specification 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Quarter-brick PART NUMBERING SYSTEM ORDERING INFORMATION The part numbering system for SynQor’s BusQor DC bus converters follows the format shown in the example below. The tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional characters for options. A “-G” suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. BQ 5 5 09 0Q T A 2 7 N N S -G 6/6 RoHS Options (see Ordering Information) Model Number Input Voltage Output Voltage Max Output Current BQ55090QTA27xyz-G 36-55 V 9.6 V 27A Output Current Thermal Design Performance Level The following option choices must be included in place of the x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Package Size Output Voltage Input Voltage Options Description: x y z Product Family The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most common options are negative logic and 0.145” pins. These part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities. A “-G” suffix indicates the product is 6/6 RoHS compliant. PATENTS SynQor holds the following patents, one or more of which might apply to this product: 5,999,417 6,594,159 6,927,987 7,119,524 6,222,742 6,731,520 7,050,309 7,269,034 6,545,890 6,894,468 7,072,190 7,272,021 6,577,109 6,896,526 7,085,146 7,272,023 Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: Toll Free: Fax: E-mail: Web: Address: Product # BQ55090QTA27 978-849-0600 888-567-9596 978-849-0602 [email protected] www.synqor.com 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 USA Phone 1-888-567-9596 Enable Logic* Pin Length Feature Set P - Positive N - Negative K - 0.110" N - 0.145" R - 0.180" Y - 0.250" S - Auto Recovery Application Notes A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format from our website. RoHS Compliance: The EU led RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive bans the use of Lead, Cadmium, Hexavalent Chromium, Mercury, Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB), and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) in Electrical and Electronic Equipment. This SynQor product is available as 6/6 RoHS compliant. For more information please refer to SynQor’s RoHS addendum available at our RoHS Compliance / Lead Free Initiative web page or e-mail us at [email protected]. Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. www.synqor.com Doc.# 005-2BQ559J Rev. C 04/02/09 Page 14