AKM AK5394AVS

ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
AK5394A
Super High Performance 192kHz 24-Bit ∆Σ ADC
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AK5394A is a 24bit, 192kHz sampling 2ch A/D Converter for professional digital audio systems. The
modulator in the AK5394A uses the new developed advanced multi bit architecture. This new architecture
achieves the wide dynamic range and wide bandwidth, while keeping superior distortion characteristics.
The AK5394A performs 123dB dynamic range, so the device is suitable for professional studio equipment
such as digital mixer, digital VTR etc. The operating voltages support analog 5V and digital 3.3V, so it is
easy to I/F with 3.3V logic IC.
FEATURES
‡ 128x Oversampling
‡ New advanced multi bit Architecture ADC
‡ Sampling Rate: 1kHz ∼ 216kHz
‡ Full Differential Inputs
‡ S/(N+D): 110dB
‡ DR: 123dB
‡ S/N: 123dB
‡ High Performance Linear Phase Digital Anti-Alias filter
• Passband: 0 ∼ 21.768kHz(@fs=48kHz)
• Ripple: 0.001dB
• Stopband: 120dB
‡ Digital HPF & Offset Calibration for Offset Cancel
‡ Power Supply: 5V±5%(Analog), 3 ∼ 5.25V(Digital)
‡ Power Dissipation: 665mW
‡ Package: 28pin SOP
‡ AK5392/3 Semi-Pin Compatible
SMODE1 SMODE2
12
VREFL+
VREFL-
1
11
14
Voltage
Reference
2
VCOML 3
4
AINL+
5
AINL6
ZCAL
25
AINR+
24
AINR26
VCOMR
28
VREFR+
27
VREFR23
VA
FSYNC
SCLK LRCK
13
16
15
Serial Output
Interface
Delta-Sigma
Modulator
Decimation
Filter
Delta-Sigma
Modulator
Decimation
Filter
SDATA
19
HPF
HPFE
17
Voltage
Reference
22
AGND
21
BGND
HPF
18
20
Controller
9
CAL
MS0137-E-03
10
RSTN
MCLK
DFS0
DFS1
Calibration
SRAM
7
VD
8
DGND
2005/05
-1-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
„ Ordering Guide
AK5394AVS
AKD5394A
–10 ∼ +70°C
28pin SOP
AK5394A Evaluation Board
„ Pin Layout
VREFL+
1
28
VREFR+
VREFL-
2
27
VREFR-
VCOML
3
26
VCOMR
AINL+
4
25
AINR+
AINL-
5
24
AINR-
ZCAL
6
23
VA
VD
7
22
AGND
DGND
8
21
BGND
CAL
9
20
DFS1
RSTN
10
19
HPFE
SMODE2
11
18
DFS0
SMODE1
12
17
MCLK
LRCK
13
16
FSYNC
SCLK
14
15
SDATA
Top
View
„ Compatibility with AK5392/3
Pin 2
Pin 18
Pin 20
Pin 27
fs (max)
MCLK at 48kHz
MCLK at 96kHz
MCLK at 192kHz
DR
S/N
AK5394A
AK5393
AK5392
VREFL−
DFS0
DFS1
VREFR−
216kHz
256fs
128fs
64fs
123dB
123dB
GNDL
DFS
TEST
GNDR
108kHz
256fs
128fs
N/A
117dB
117dB
GNDL
CMODE
TEST
GNDR
54kHz
256fs or 384fs
N/A
N/A
116dB
116dB
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-2-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
„ Common PCB layout example between AK5393 and AK5394A
AK5393
AK5394A
(Analog
Ground)
+
(Analog
Ground)
0.1u
0.1u
10u
1
(short )
2
GNDL
3
VCOML
4
VREFL+
+
+
VREFR+
28
10u
10u
GNDR
27
(short )
10u
VCOMR
26
0.22u
0.22u +
VREFL+
VREFR+
28
2
VREFL-
VREFR-
27
3
VCOML
VCOMR
26
4
AINL+
AINR+
25
5
AINL-
AINR-
24
6
ZCAL
VA
23
7
VD
AGND
22
8
DGND
BGND
21
9
CAL
DFS1
20
1
+
0.22u
10u 0.1u
Pin#
2
18
20
27
AINL+
AINR+
25
5
AINL-
AINR-
24
6
ZCAL
VA
23
7
VD
AGND
22
8
DGND
BGND
21
9
CAL
TEST
20
10
RSTN
HPFE
19
10
RSTN
HPFE
19
11
SMODE2
DFS
18
11
SMODE2
DFS0
18
12
SMODE1
MCLK
17
12
SMODE1
MCLK
17
13
LRCK
FSYNC
16
13
LRCK
FSYNC
16
14
SCLK
SDATA
15
14
SCLK
SDATA
15
+
+3.3~5V
Digital
+
0.22u
0.22u
+5V
Analog
10u
+
+3.3~5V
Digital
+
0.1u 10u
10u 0.1u
10u
0.22u
+
+5V
Analog
0.1u 10u
AK5393
AK5394A
GNDL
VREFL−
Connected to AGND
Connected to AGND with a 10uF electrolytic capacitor, and
connected to VREFL+ with a 0.22uF ceramic capacitor.
DFS
TEST
GNDR
Connected to AGND
DFS0
DFS1
VREFR−
Connected to AGND with a 10uF electrolytic capacitor, and
connected to VREFR+ with a 0.22uF ceramic capacitor.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-3-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
PIN/FUNCTION
No.
Pin Name
I/O
1
VREFL+
O
2
VREFL−
O
3
4
5
VCOML
AINL+
AINL-
O
I
I
6
ZCAL
I
7
8
VD
DGND
-
9
CAL
O
10
RSTN
I
11
12
SMODE2
SMODE1
I
I
13
LRCK
I/O
Function
Lch Positive Reference Voltage, 3.75V
Normally connected to AGND with a large electrolytic capacitor and connected
to VREFL− with a 0.22µF ceramic capacitor.
Lch Negative Reference Voltage, 1.25V
Normally connected to AGND with a large electrolytic capacitor and connected
to VREFL+ with a 0.22µF ceramic capacitor.
Lch Common Voltage Pin, 2.75V
Lch Analog positive input Pin
Lch Analog negative input Pin
Zero Calibration Control Pin
This pin controls the calibration reference signal.
“L” :VCOML and VCOMR
“H” : Analog Input Pins (AINL±, AINR±)
Digital Power Supply Pin, 3.3V
Digital Ground Pin, 0V
Calibration Active Signal Pin
“H” means the offset calibration cycle is in progress. Offset calibration starts
when RSTN pin goes “H”. CAL goes “L” after 8704 LRCK cycles for DFS pin =
“L”, 17408 LRCK cycles for DFS pin = “H”.
Reset Pin
When “L”, the digital section is powered-down. Upon returning “H”, an offset
calibration cycle is started. An offset calibration cycle should always be initiated
after power-up.
Serial Interface Mode Select Pin
MSB first, 2’s compliment.
SMODE2 SMODE1
MODE
LRCK
L
L
Slave mode : MSB justified
: H/L
L
H
Master mode : Similar to I2S
: H/L
H
L
Slave mode : I2S
: L/H
2
: L/H
H
H
Master mode : I S
Left/Right Channel Select Clock Pin
When RSTN pin = “L” in master mode, LRCK outputs “L”.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-4-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
Serial Data Clock Pin
SDATA is clocked out on the falling edge of SCLK.
Slave mode:
SCLK requires more than 48fs clock.
Master mode:
AK5394A outputs following clocks as SCLK.
14
SCLK
I/O
Normal Speed Mode: 128fs
Double Speed Mode: 64fs
Quad Speed Mode: 64fs
When RSTN pin = “L”, SCLK outputs “L”(normal/double speed mode) or
outputs the inverted MCLK (quad speed mode).
Serial Data Output Pin
15
SDATA
O
MSB first, 2’s complement.
Frame Synchronization Signal Pin
Slave mode:
When “H”, the data bits are clocked out on SDATA. In I2S mode, FSYNC is
don’t care.
16
FSYNC
I/O
Master mode:
FSYNC outputs 2fs clock.
FSYNC stays “L” during reset.
Master Clock Input Pin
DFS1
DFS0
MCLK
fs(typ)
L
L
256fs
48kHz
17
MCLK
I
L
H
128fs
96kHz
H
L
64fs
192kHz
H
H
(N/A)
(N/A)
Sampling Speed Select Pin 0
DFS1
DFS0
fs(typ)
L
L
48kHz
18
DFS0
I
L
H
96kHz
H
L
192kHz
H
H
(N/A)
High Pass Filter Enable Pin
19
HPFE
I
“L”: Disable
“H”: Enable
Sampling Speed Select Pin 1
20
DFS1
I
(see #18 DFS0)
21
BGND
Substrate Ground Pin, 0V
22
AGND
Analog Ground Pin, 0V
23
VA
Analog Supply Pin, 5V
24
AINR−
I
Rch Analog negative input Pin
25
AINR+
I
Rch Analog positive input Pin
26
VCOMR
O
Rch Common Voltage Pin, 2.75V
Rch Negative Reference Voltage, 1.25V
27
VREFR−
O
Normally connected to AGND with a large electrolytic capacitor and connected
to VREFR+ with a 0.22µF ceramic capacitor.
Rch Positive Reference Voltage, 3.75V
28
VREFR+
O
Normally connected to AGND with a large electrolytic capacitor and connected
to VREFR- with a 0.22µF ceramic capacitor.
Note: All digital inputs should not be left floating.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-5-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(AGND, BGND, DGND = 0V; Note 1)
Parameter
Symbol
min
max
Units
Power Supplies:
VA
VD
∆GND
IIN
VINA
VIND
Ta
Tstg
−0.3
−0.3
−0.3
−0.3
−10
−65
6.0
6.0
0.3
±10
VA+0.3
VD+0.3
70
150
V
V
V
mA
V
V
°C
°C
Analog
Digital
|BGND-DGND| (Note 2)
Input Current, Any Pin Except Supplies
Analog Input Voltage
Digital Input Voltage
Ambient Temperature (power applied)
Storage Temperature
Notes: 1. All voltages with respect to ground.
2. AGND, BGND and DGND must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(AGND, BGND, DGND = 0V; Note 1)
Parameter
Power Supplies:
(Note 3)
Analog
Digital
Symbol
min
typ
max
Units
VA
VD
4.75
3.0
5.0
3.3
5.25
5.25
V
V
Notes: 1. All voltages with respect to ground.
3. The power up sequence between VA and VD is not critical.
* AKM assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this data sheet.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-6-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; VA=5.0V; VD=3.3V; AGND=BGND=DGND=0V; fs=48kHz; Signal Frequency=1kHz; 24bit Output;
Measurement frequency=10Hz ∼ 20kHz; DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“L”; External circuit: Figure 10 Inputted through XLR;
unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
min
Typ
Resolution
Max
Units
24
Bits
Analog Input Characteristics:
−1dBFS (Note4)
−1dBFS
fs=48kHz
−20dBFS
−60dBFS
−1dBFS (Note4)
fs=96kHz
−1dBFS
BW=40kHz
−20dBFS
−60dBFS
−1dBFS
fs=192kHz
−20dBFS
BW=80kHz
−60dBFS
Dynamic Range (-60dBFS with A-weighted)
(Note4)
S/N
( A-weighted)
(Note4)
Interchannel Isolation
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
Gain Drift
After calibration, HPF=OFF
Offset Error
After calibration, HPF=ON
Offset Drift
(HPF=OFF)
Offset Calibration Range
(HPF=OFF) (Note5)
Input Voltage (AIN+) − (AIN−)
87
-
S/(N+D)
87
117
117
110
±2.25
110
94
100
60
110
94
97
57
94
92
52
123
120
123
120
120
0.1
150
±1000
±1
±10
±50
±2.4
0.5
±2.55
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
ppm/°C
LSB24
LSB24
LSB24/°C
mV
V
Power Supplies:
Power Supply Current
VA
VD (fs=48kHz; DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“L”)
(fs=96kHz; DFS0=“H”, DFS1=“L”)
(fs=192kHz; DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“H”)
Power Dissipation
Power Supply Rejection
(Note 6)
127
9
13
21
665
70
165
13.5
20
32
870
mA
mA
mA
mA
mW
dB
Notes: 4. Using the circuit as shown in Figure9 (Analog input buffer circuit example 1). 1000µF capacitors connected
between VREF+/− pin and GND.
5. The output level reduces equivalent to DC offset after calibration.
6. PSRR is applied to VA and VD with 1kHz, 20mVpp.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
-7-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs=48kHz)
(Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V±5%; VD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; fs=48kHz, DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“L”)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
ADC Digital Filter(Decimation LPF):
Passband
(Note 7)
PB
0
Stopband
(Note 7)
SB
26.232
Passband Ripple
PR
Stopband Attenuation
(Note 8)
SA
120
Group Delay Distortion
0
∆GD
Group Delay
(Note 9)
GD
63
ADC Digital Filter(HPF):
Frequency response (Note 7)
−3dB
FR
1.0
6.5
−0.1dB
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs=96kHz)
(Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V±5%; VD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; fs=96kHz, DFS0=“H”, DFS1=“L”)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
ADC Digital Filter(Decimation LPF):
Passband
(Note 7)
PB
0
Stopband
(Note 7)
SB
52.464
Passband Ripple
PR
Stopband Attenuation
(Note 10)
SA
120
Group Delay Distortion
0
∆GD
Group Delay
(Note 9)
GD
63
ADC Digital Filter(HPF):
Frequency response
(Note 7)
−3dB
FR
1.0
6.5
−0.1dB
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS (fs=192kHz)
(Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V±5%; VD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; fs=192kHz, DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“H”)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
ADC Digital Filter(Decimation LPF):
Passband
(Note 7)
PB
0
Stopband
(Note 8)
SB
104.928
Passband Ripple
PR
Stopband Attenuation
(Note 11)
SA
120
Group Delay Distortion
0
∆GD
Group Delay
(Note 9)
GD
63
ADC Digital Filter(HPF):
Frequency response
(Note 7)
−3dB
−0.1dB
FR
1.0
6.5
MS0137-E-03
max
Units
21.768
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
µs
1/fs
±0.001
Hz
Hz
max
Units
43.536
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
µs
1/fs
±0.003
Hz
Hz
max
Units
87.072
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
µs
1/fs
±0.007
Hz
Hz
2005/05
-8-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
Notes: 7. The passband and stopband frequencies are proportional to fs.
8. The analog modulator samples the input at 6.144MHz for an output word rate of 48kHz.
There is no rejection of input signals which are multiples of the sampling frequency
(that is: there is no rejection for n x 6.144MHz ± 21.768kHz, where n=1,2,3···).
9. The calculating delay time which takes place due to the digital filtering process. This time is taken from when
the analog signal ia input, to the time of setting the 24-bit data (from both channels) to the output register.
65/fs typ. (normal/double/quad speed mode) at HPF=ON.
10. The analog modulator samples the input at 6.144MHz for an output word rate of 96kHz.
There is no rejection of input signals which are multiples of the sampling frequency
(that is: there is no rejection for n x 6.144MHz ± 43.536kHz, where n=1,2,3···)
11. The analog modulator samples the input at 6.144MHz for an output word rate of 192kHz.
There is no rejection of input signals which are multiples of the sampling frequency
(that is: there is no rejection for n x 6.144MHz ± 87.072kHz, where n=1,2,3···).
DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V±5%; VD = 3.0 ∼ 5.25V)
Parameter
Symbol
min
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
70%VD
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
High-Level Output Voltage Iout=-100µA
VOH
VD−0.5
VOL
Low-Level Output Voltage Iout= 100µA
Input Leakage Current
Iin
-
MS0137-E-03
typ
-
max
30%VD
0.5
±10
Units
V
V
V
V
µA
2005/05
-9-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V±5%; VD=3.0 ∼ 5.25V; CL=20pF)
Parameter
Symbol
min
Control Clock Frequency
0.256
fCLK
Master Clock
29
tCLKL
Pulse width Low
29
tCLKH
Pulse width High
fSLK
Serial Data Output Clock (SCLK)
1
fs
Channel Select Clock (LRCK)
25
duty cycle
Serial Interface Timing
(Note 12)
Slave Mode (SMODE1 = “L”)
SCLK Period
(Note 13)
1/128fs
tSLK
Normal Speed Mode
1/64fs
tSLK
Double Speed Mode
1/64fs
tSLK
Quad Speed Mode
33
tSLKL
SCLK Pulse width Low
33
tSLKH
Pulse width High
20
tSLR
SCLK rising to LRCK Edge (Note 14)
20
tLRS
LRCK Edge to SCLK rising (Note 14)
tDLR
LRCK Edge to SDATA MSB Valid
tDSS
SCLK falling to SDATA Valid
tSF
SCLK falling to FSYNC Edge
−20
Master Mode (SMODE1 = “H”)
SCLK Frequency
fSLK
Normal Speed Mode
fSLK
Double Speed Mode
fSLK
Quad Speed Mode
dSLK
SCLK duty cycle
fFSYNC
FSYNC Frequency
dFSYNC
FSYNC duty cycle
−20
tMSLR
SCLK falling to LRCK Edge
tLRF
LRCK Edge to FSYNC rising
tDSS
SCLK falling to SDATA Valid
tSF
SCLK falling to FSYNC Edge
−20
Reset / Calibration timing
150
tRTW
RSTN Pulse width
tRCR
RSTN falling to CAL rising
RSTN rising to CAL falling
(Note 15)
tRCF
Normal Speed Mode
tRCF
Double Speed Mode
tRCF
Quad Speed Mode
RSTN rising to SDATA Valid
(Note 15)
tRTV
Normal Speed Mode
tRTV
Double Speed Mode
tRTV
Quad Speed Mode
typ
max
Units
12.288
13.824
6.144
48
13.824
216
75
MHz
ns
ns
MHz
kHz
%
20
20
20
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
20
20
Hz
Hz
Hz
%
Hz
%
ns
tSLK
ns
ns
50
ns
ns
128fs
64fs
64fs
50
2fs
50
20
1
8704
17408
34816
1/fs
1/fs
1/fs
8719
17423
34831
1/fs
1/fs
1/fs
Notes: 12. Refer to Serial Data Interface Section.
13. At Slave Mode, SCLK must be continuously provided more than 16fs at LRCK=“H” and “L”.
14. Specified LRCK edges not to coincide with the rising edges of SCLK.
15. The number of the LRCK rising edges after RSTN pin brought high.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 10 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
„ Timing Diagram
tSLK
LRCK
tSLR
tSLKL
tLRS
tSLKH
SCLK
tDSS
tDLR
SDATA
MSB
MSB-1
MSB-2
Serial Data Timing (Slave Mode, FSYNC = “H”)
LRCK
tLRS
tSLR
SCLK
tSF
tSF
FSYNC
tDSS
tDLR
SDATA
MSB
D1
D0
Serial Data Timing (Slave Mode)
tSLK
LRCK
tSLR
tSLKL
tLRS
tSLKH
SCLK
tDSS
SDATA
MSB
tDSS
MSB-1
Serial Data Timing (I2S Slave Mode, FSYNC = Don’t Care)
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 11 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
LRCK
tMSLR
SCLK
tSF
FSYNC
tSF
tLRF
tDSS
SDATA
MSB
MSB-1
Serial Data Timing (Master Mode & I2S Master Mode, Normal Speed Mode)
tRTW
tRTV
RSTN
tRCF
CAL
tRCR
SDATA
Reset & Calibration Timing
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 12 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
OPERATION OVERVIEW
„ System Clock Input
The external clocks that are required to operate the AK5394A are MCLK, LRCK(fs) and SCLK. MCLK should be
synchronized with LRCK but the phase is free of care. Table 1 and 2 show the relationship between the sampling rate and
the frequencies of MCLK and SCLK.
As the AK5394A includes the phase detect circuit for LRCK, the AK5394A is reset automatically when the
synchronization is out of phase by changing the clock frequencies. Therefore, the reset is only needed for power-up.
All external clocks must be present unless RSTN pin = “L”, otherwise excessive current may result from abnormal
operation of internal dynamic logic.
Sampling Speed
DFS0
DFS1
Normal
L
L
LRCK (fs)
SCLK (Slave Mode)
SCLK (Master Mode)
MCLK
LRCK (fs)
Double
H
L
∼ 54kHz
∼ 108kHz
∼ 128fs
∼ 64fs
128fs
64fs
256fs
128fs
Table 1. System Clocks
MCLK
Quad
L
H
∼ 216kHz
∼ 64fs
64fs
64fs
SCLK
32kHz
8.1920MHz
∼ 4.0960MHz
44.1kHz
11.2896MHz
∼ 5.6448MHz
48kHz
12.2880MHz
∼ 6.1440MHz
96kHz
12.2880MHz
∼ 6.1440MHz
192kHz
12.2880MHz
∼ 12.288MHz
Table 2. Examples of System Clock Frequency
„ Serial Data Interface
The AK5394A supports four serial data formats that can be selected via SMODE1 and SMODE2 pins (Table 3). The data
format is MSB-first, 2’s complement.
Figure
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
SMODE2
L
L
H
H
SMODE1
Mode
L
Slave Mode
H
Master Mode
L
I2S Slave Mode
H
I2S Master Mode
Table 3. Serial I/F Formats
MS0137-E-03
LRCK
Lch = H, Rch = L
Lch = H, Rch = L
Lch = L, Rch = H
Lch = L, Rch = H
2005/05
- 13 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
LRCK(i)
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
24
25
15
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
24
25
0
1
SCLK(i)
FSYNC(i)
SDATA(o)
23 22 21
4
3
2
0
1
23 22
21
7
4 3
Lch Data
2
1
0
23
2
1
24
25
22
Rch Data
FSYNC(i)
SDATA(o)
23
22
5
4
3
1
2
0
23
22
5
4
3
0
23
23:MSB,0:LSB
Figure 1. Serial Data Timing (Slave Mode)
LRCK(o)
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
24
25
15
33
34
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
33
34
0
1
SCLK(o)
FSYNC(o)
SDATA(o)
23 22
5
4
3
1
2
0
23 22
5
4
3
2
1
0
23
Rch Data
Lch Data
23:MSB,0:LSB
Figure 2. Serial Data Timing (Master mode, Normal Speed Mode)
LRCK(i)
0
1
2
3
19
20
21
22
23
24
0
1
2
3
19
20
21
22
23
24
0
1
SCLK(i)
SDATA(o)
23 22
6
5
4
2
3
1
0
23
22
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
23
Rch Data
Lch Data
23:MSB,0:LSB
Figure 3. Serial Data Timing (I2S Slave mode, FSYNC: Don’t care)
LRCK(o)
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
24
25
15
33
34
0
1
2
3
20
21
22
23
24
25
33
34
0
1
SCLK(o)
FSYNC(o)
SDATA(o)
23 22
5
4
3
2
1
0
23
Lch Data
23 22
5
4
3
2
1
0
23
Rch Data
23:MSB,0:LSB
Figure 4. Serial Data Timing (I2S Master mode, Normal Speed Mode)
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 14 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
„ Offset Calibration
1. When the capacitors of 10µF or less are connected between VREF pin and GND:
When RSTN pin goes to “L”, the digital section is powered-down. Upon returning “H”, the offset calibration cycle is
started. The offset calibration cycle should always be initiated after power-up.
During the offset calibration cycle, the digital section of the part measures and stores the values of calibration input of
each channel in registers. The calibration input value is subtracted from all future outputs. The calibration input may be
obtained from either the analog input pins (AIN+/−) or the VCOM pins depending on the state of the ZCAL pin. With
ZCAL “H”, the analog input pin voltages are measured, and with ZCAL “L”, the VCOM pin voltages are measured. The
CAL output is “H” during calibration.
2. When capacitors more than 10µF are connected between VREF pin and GND:
The distortion at low frequency can be improved by connecting large capacitors (C in Figure 5) to VREF pins. (Refer to
Figure 12) However, when the capacitors of VREF pins are larger than 10µF, it is possibility that the offset calibration
does not performed correctly if the offset calibration cycle is started right after power-up. Because the internal VREF can
not settle to the appropriate voltage when the calibration cycle is completed. In this case, the offset calibration cycle
should be started again after the VREF voltage settled. The timing is shown in Figure 6. Table 4 shows the relationship
between the capacitance and the VREF settling time.
Capacitor
C[µF]
1000
470
220
100
Settling Time
T[s]=5000 x C
5
2.4
1.1
0.5
Table 4. Settling Time and capacitors connected between VREF and GND
C
C
+
+
1
0.22u
2
VREFL+
AK5394A
VREFL-
Figure 5. VREF circuit example
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 15 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
Settling Time of VREF pin:T(s)
0.005 x C
VA, VD
150ns~1ms
tRTW
tRTV
RSTN
tRCF
CAL
tRCR
SDATA
Figure 6. Reset & Calibration Timing
„ Digital High Pass Filter
The AK5394A includes a digital high pass filter for DC offset cancellation. The cut-off frequency of the HPF is 1Hz at
fs=48kHz (Normal Speed Mode), at fs=96kHz (Double Speed Mode), at fs=192kHz (Quad Speed Mode) and also scales
with sampling rate (fs) respectively.
Sampling Speed
Normal
Double
Quad
DFS1
DFS0
fc (Cut-off frequency)
L
L
fs/48kHz
L
H
fs/96kHz
H
L
fs/192kHz
Table 5. Cut-off frequency
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 16 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
SYSTEM DESIGN
Figure 7 and 8 show the system connection diagram. An evaluation board [AKD5394A] is available which demonstrates
the optimum layout, power supply arrangements and measurement results.
C
C
+3.3~5V
Digital
+
1
0.22u
+
2
0.22u
3
VREFR+
VREFL+
+ C
28
0.22u
VREFR-
VREFLVCOML
Lch+
4
AINL+
Lch-
5
AINL-
6
ZCAL
27
+ C
0.22u
VCOMR
26
AINR+
25
Rch+
AINR-
24
Rch-
VA
23
AK5394A
0.1u
+
10u
7
VD
AGND
22
8
DGND
BGND
21
20
+5V
Analog
10u
0.1u
Reset &
Cal Control
9
CAL
DFS1
10
RSTN
HPFE
19
Mode
11
SMODE2
DFS0
18
Select
12
SMODE1
MCLK
17
13
LRCK
FSYNC
16
14
SCLK
SDATA
15
fs
System
Controller
System Ground
+
Analog Ground
Figure 7. Typical Connection Diagram
Notes:
- LRCK = fs, SCLK = 64fs.
- Power lines of VA and VD should be distributed separately from the point with low impedance of regulator etc.
- AGND, BGND and DGND must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
- All digital input pins should not be left floating.
- Refer Table 4 and Figure 12 about C.
Digital Ground
Analog Ground
System
Controller
1
VREFL+
VREFR+
28
2
VREFL-
VREFR-
27
3
VCOML
VCOMR
26
4
AINL+
AINR+
25
5
AINL-
AINR-
24
6
ZCAL
VA
23
7
VD
AGND
22
8
DGND
BGND
21
9
CAL
DFS1
20
10
RSTN
HPFE
19
11
SMODE
DFS0
18
12
MCKS
MCLK
17
13
LRCK
FSYNC
16
14
SCLK
SDATA
15
AK5394A
Figure 8 Ground layout
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 17 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling
The AK5394A requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements. Analog ground and digital ground
of the system should be separate and connected together near to where the supplies are brought onto the printed circuit
board. Decoupling capacitors should be as near to the AK5394A as possible, with the small value ceramic capacitor being
the nearest.
2. On-chip Voltage Reference and VCOM
The reference voltage for A/D converter is supplied from VREF+/− pin at AGND reference. A 0.22µF ceramic capacitor
should be attached between VREF+ and VREF−. An electrolytic capacitor (<1000µF) should be connected between
AGND and VREF+/− respectively to eliminate the effects of low frequency noise. Especially a ceramic capacitor should
be as near to the pins as possible. And all digital signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the VREF+/− pins
in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK5394A. No load current may be taken from the VREF+/− pins.
VCOM is a common voltage of the analog signal. In order to eliminate the effects of high frequency noise, a 0.22µF
ceramic capacitor should be connected as near to the VCOM pin as possible. And all signals, especially clocks, should be
kept away from the VCOM pin in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK5394A. No load current may be drawn
from the VCOM pin.
3. Analog Inputs
Analog signal is differentially input into the modulator via the AIN+ and the AIN− pins. The input voltage is the
difference between AIN+ and AIN− pins. The full-scale of each pin is nominally ±2.4Vpp (typ). The AK5394A can
accept input voltages from AGND to VA. The ADC output data format is 2’s complement. The output code is 7FFFFFH
(@24bit) for input above a positive full scale and 800000H (@24bit) for input below a negative full scale. The ideal code
is 000000H (@24bit) with no input signal. The DC offset is removed by the offset calibration.
The AK5394A samples the analog inputs at 128fs (6.144MHz@fs=48kHz, Normal Speed Mode). The digital filter rejects
noise above the stop band except for multiples of 128fs. A simple RC filter may be used to attenuate any noise around
128fs and most audio signals do not have significant energy at 128fs.
The AK5394A accepts +5V supply voltage. Any voltage which exceeds the upper limit of VA+0.3V and lower limit of
AGND−0.3V and any current beyond 10mA for the analog input pins (AIN+/−) should be avoided. Excessive currents to
the input pins may damage the device. Hence input pins must be protected from signals at or beyond these limits. Use
caution specially in case of using ±15V in other analog circuits.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 18 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
4. External analog circuit
Figure 9 shows an input buffer circuit example 1. (1st order HPF; fc=0.70Hz, 2nd order LPF; fc=320kHz, gain=−14.5dB).
The analog signal is able to input through XLR or BNC connectors. (short JP1 and JP2 for BNC input, open JP1 and JP2
for XLR input). The input level of this circuit is +/−12.7Vpp (AK5394A: +/−2.4Vpp Typ.). When using this circuit,
analog characteristics at fs=48kHz is DR=120dB, S/(N+D)=105dB.
4.7k
4.7k
Analog In
620
JP1
VP+
Vin-
+
12.7Vpp
1n
68µ
3.3k
Bias
VP-
91
+
2.4Vpp
AK5394 AIN+
NJM5534
NJM5534
XLR
2.2n
VA+
620
10k
JP2
Bias
68µ
+
10k
10µ
Vin+
1n
3.3k
-
91
AK5394 AIN-
+
0.1µ
NJM5534
Bias
VA=+5V
VP=±15V
2.4Vpp
Figure 9. Analog input buffer circuit example 1
Fin
1Hz
10Hz
Frequency Response
−1.77dB
−0.02dB
Table 6. Frequency Response of HPF
Fin
20kHz
40kHz
80kHz 6.144MHz
Frequency Response
0.00dB
0.00dB
0.00dB −51.36dB
Table 7. Frequency Response of LPF
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 19 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
Figure 10 shows an input buffer circuit example 2. (1st order HPF; fc=0.66Hz, 1st order LPF; fc=590kHz, gain=−14dB).
The analog signal is able to input through XLR or BNC connectors. (short JP1 and JP2 for BNC input, open JP1 and JP2
for XLR input). The input level of this circuit is +/−12.1Vpp (AK5394A: +/−2.4Vpp Typ.). When using this circuit,
analog characteristics at fs=48kHz is DR=123dB, S/(N+D)=94dB.
12.1Vpp
BNC
JP1
22u
Vin+
1k
180
-
AK5394 AIN+
+
2.4Vpp
NJM5534
VA
10k
XLR
4.7k
0.1u
4.7k
4.7k
4.7k
10u
+
NJM5534
Vin12.1Vpp
100
10k
-
JP2
-
1.0n
Bias
180
2.4Vpp
+
22u
1k
AK5394 AIN-
NJM5534
Figure 10. Analog input buffer circuit example 2
Fin
1Hz
10Hz
Frequency Response
−1.56dB
−0.02dB
Table 8. Frequency Response of HPF
Fin
Frequency Response
20kHz
40kHz
−0.005dB
−0.02dB
Table 9. Frequency
MS0137-E-03
80kHz
−0.08dB
6.144MHz
−20.4dB
2005/05
- 20 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
5. Measurement example
Figure 11 plot is the THD+N vs Input Level with circuit Figure 9 and circuit Figure 10. X-AXIS is input level, Y-AXIS is
THD+N (ratio).
Measurement condition
Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V; VD=3.3V; AGND, BGND, DGND=0V; fs=48kHz; Input frequency=1kHz; 24 bit Output;
Measurement frequency =10Hz ∼ 20kHz; DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“L”, VREF capacitors=1000µF
Measured by Audio Precision System Two.
A KM
AK 5394A THD+N vs Input Level
-80
-82.5
-85
-87.5
-90
Figure 10
-92.5
-95
-97.5
d
B
-100
-102.5
Figure 9
-105
-107.5
-110
-112.5
-115
-117.5
-120
-30
-28
-26
-24
-22
-20
-18
-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
dB r
las t.at2c
Figure 11. THD+N(ratio) vs. Input Level
Figure 12 shows the relationship between THD+N and Frequency with capacitors on Table 4. Input circuit uses Figure 9.
Measurement condition
Ta=25°C; VA=5.0V; VD=3.3V; AGND, BGND, DGND=0V; fs=48kHz; 24 bit Output; BW=10Hz ∼ 20kHz;
DFS0=“L”, DFS1=“L”, Measured by Audio Precision System Two.
AK M
A K5394A THD +N vs Frequency
-60
-65
-70
-75
220µF
-80
100µF
-85
-90
d
B
F
S
-95
10µF
-100
-105
-110
-115
-120
-125
-130
10
1000µF
20
470µF
50
100
200
500
1k
2k
5k
10k
20k
Hz
la s t.at2 c
Figure 12. THD+N vs. Frequency
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 21 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
6. Noise floor of AK5394A
The AK5394A has a sprious noise of about −135dBFS on the noise floor of Lch output at no signal input. When this noise
causes a trouble in system, it can be removed by adding a minute offset to the analog inputs of both channels externally
using a circuit as Figure 13. The relationship between the frequency range (fT) of the sprious noise to be removed and the
adding offset voltage (Vof) is fT [kHz] = 20 x Vof [mV] − 20. The example is shown in Table 10.
Sprious noise Frequency
Offset Voltage
+2mV
0 ∼ 20kHz
+3mV
0 ∼ 40kHz
+5mV
0 ∼ 80kHz
Table 10. Sprious noise Frequency vs. Offset voltage
A resistor, R in Figure 13 should be 8Ω to add an offset of 2mV to the analog inputs. The relationship between R and Vof
is shown by the following equation.
Vof =
R
× 5[V ]
20k + R
An offset voltage of the op-amps should be considered in the actual circuit. For example, when removing the sprious
noise of 20kHz or less, the adding offset voltage should be 2+2=4mV if the op-amp has an offset of +/−2mV. In this case,
the dynamic range of the ADC output decreases 4mV.
620
Vin-
68µ
1n
3.3k
Bias+
5V
91
+
AK5394A AIN+
NJM5534
10k
Bias+
XLR
2.2n
R
620
Bias68µ
+
10k
10µ
0.1µ
1n
3.3k
Vin+
-
91
+
AK5394A AIN-
NJM5534
Bias-
Figure 13. Removing the sprious noise circuit
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 22 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
PACKAGE
1.095TYP
18.7±0.3
0.75 ± 0.2
10.4 ± 0.3
7.5 ± 0.2
28pin SOP (Unit: mm)
1.27
0.10
0.4±0.1
+0.1
0.1-0.05
2.2 ± 0.1
+0.1
0.15-0.05
0.12 M
0-10°
„ Package & Lead frame material
Package molding compound:
Lead frame material:
Lead frame surface treatment:
Epoxy
Cu
Solder plate
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 23 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
MARKING
AKM
AK5394AVS
XXXBYYYYC
Contents of XXXBYYYYC
XXXB:
YYYYC:
Lot # (X : numbers, B : alphabet )
Data Code (Y : numbers, C : alphabet)
Revision History
Date (YY/MM/DD)
02/01/09
02/07/22
05/03/08
Revision
00
01
02
Reason
First Edition
Add description
Error Correct
Page
Contents
22
7
Add description of idol tone noise
Condition of Analog Characteristics; External Circuit
Figure 9 Æ Figure 10
Polarity of analog signal in Figure 9.
Vin+ Æ Vin-, Vin- Æ Vin+
Polarity of analog signal in Figure 13.
Vin+ Æ Vin-, Vin- Æ Vin+
Date of Revision History:
Revision 02: 04/03/08 Æ 05/03/08
19
22
05/05/10
03
Error Correct
24
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 24 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK5394A]
IMPORTANT NOTICE
• These products and their specifications are subject to change without notice. Before considering
any use or application, consult the Asahi Kasei Microsystems Co., Ltd. (AKM) sales office or
authorized distributor concerning their current status.
• AKM assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other right in the
application or use of any information contained herein.
• Any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export license
or other official approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining to customs
and tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials.
• AKM products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical components in any safety, life
support, or other hazard related device or system, and AKM assumes no responsibility relating to
any such use, except with the express written consent of the Representative Director of AKM. As
used here:
(a) A hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance of
safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its
failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant
injury or damage to person or property.
(b) A critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to
result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or
system containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and
reliability.
• It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of an AKM product who distributes, disposes of, or
otherwise places the product with a third party to notify that party in advance of the above content
and conditions, and the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability
for and hold AKM harmless from any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the
absence of such notification.
MS0137-E-03
2005/05
- 25 -