���������������������������� ������������ �������������������������������������������������������������� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � FEATURES • WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±10 to ±45V • HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — ±10A Peak • LOW COST — Class “C” output stage • LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT — 3mA APPLICATIONS 8-PIN TO-3 PACKAGE STYLE CE • PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLY • MOTOR/SYNCRO DRIVER • VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL • DC OR AC POWER REGULATOR • FIXED FREQUENCY POWER OSCILLATOR ����� �������� ���� ���� ���� ��� DESCRIPTION The PA61 and PA61A are high output current operational amplifiers designed to drive resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. Their complementary emitter follower output stage is the simple class C type and optimized for low frequency applications where crossover distortion is not critical. These amplifiers are not recommended for audio, transducer or deflection coil drive circuits above 1kHz or when distortion is critical. The safe operating area (SOA) is fully specified and can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user programmable current limiting resistors. Both amplifiers are internally compensated for all gain settings. For continuous operation under load, mounting on a heatsink of proper rating is recommended. This hybrid circuit utilizes thick film conductors, ceramic capacitors, and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size, and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is electrically isolated and hermetically sealed. The use of compressible thermal washers and/or improper mounting torque voids the product warranty. Please see “General Operating Considerations”. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC � � � ��� ��� � � � ������ ���� ������������� ����� ������������������������������������ ������������������� TYPICAL APPLICATION Due to its high current drive capability, PA61 applications often utilize remote sensing to compensate IR drops in the wiring. The importance of remote sensing increases as accuracy requirements, output currents, and distance between amplifier and load go up. The circuit above shows wire resistance from the PA61 to the load and back to the local ground via the power return line. Without remote sensing, a 7.5A load current across only 0.05 ohm in each line would produce a 0.75V error at the load. With the addition of the second ratio matched RF/RIN pair and two low current sense wires, IR drops in the power return line become common mode voltages for which the op amp has a very high rejection ratio. Voltage drops in the output and power return wires are inside the feedback loop. Therefore, as long as the Power Op Amp has the voltage drive capability to overcome the IR losses, accuracy remains the same. Application Note 7 presents a general discussion of PPS circuits. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS ���� �� � ��� ��� � � � �� ��� �� � ��� ��� ��� ������ � �������� � � ���� ���� �� � ��� ���� ���� ���� � � ������ � ��� � ��� ���� � � ��� ���� APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] 1 PA61 • PA61A ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder-10s TEMPERATURE, junction1 TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS 2 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power BIAS CURRENT, initial BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE3 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC3 TC = 25°C Specified temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Specified temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Specified temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Specified temperature range Specified temperature range GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN Full temp. range, full load TC = 25°C, full load TC = 25°C, IO = 8A, VO = 40VPP Full temperature range OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING3 VOLTAGE SWING3 VOLTAGE SWING3 CURRENT SETTLING TIME to .1% SLEW RATE CAPACITIVE LOAD, unit gain CAPACITIVE LOAD, gain>4 TC = 25°C, IO = 10A Full temp. range, IO = 4A Full temp. range, IO = 68mA TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, 2V step TC = 25°C, RL = 6Ω Full temperature range Full temperature range POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent Full temperature range TC = 25°C THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case4 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case MIN PA61 TYP ±VS–5 74 ±2 ±10 ±30 ±20 12 ±50 ±10 ±12 ±50 200 3 ±VS–3 100 96 10 ±VS–7 ±VS–6 ±VS–5 ±10 1.0 ±10 F > 60Hz F < 60Hz Meets full range specification –25 90V 10A 97W ±VS–3V ±VS 300°C 200°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C MAX PA61A TYP * * ±1 * * * 10 * * ±5 * * * * * ±6 ±65 ±200 30 ±500 ±30 108 1 16 45 * * ±VS–5 ±VS–4 2 2.8 MIN ±VS–6 * * * 1.5 SOA ±32 3 ±45 10 1.0 1.5 30 25 1.2 1.8 +85 * * * MAX UNITS ±4 ±40 * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/W nA pA/°C pA/V nA pA/°C MΩ pF V dB 20 * ±10 * * * * dB MHz kHz ° * * V V V A µs V/µs nF * * * * * * * * V mA * * * * * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C * NOTES: * The specification of PA61A is identical to the specification for PA61 in applicable column to the left. 1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. 2. The power supply voltage for all specifications is the TYP rating unless noted as a test condition. 3. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS. 4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. CAUTION The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 2 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS �������������������� �������������� �� �� � � �� �� �� ��� ��� �������������������� ��� ��������������������� ��� � ��� ��� ��� ������������ �� ��� �� ��� ��� �� ��� ����������������� �������������� ������� � ������� � � � �� �� �� �� � � � � � ������������ �� �� �� ���� ������������������� �� �������� ������� ������� �� � � ��� �� �� �� � �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��� �� ��� �� ��� �� ��� ��� ����������������� ��� �� �� �� � � ��� �� ��� �� ��� ��� ����������������� ����������������� ��� �� � ��������� � �������� ��� ��� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ���������������������������� ��� � �� ��� ��� � �� �� ������������������������� �������������� ��������� �� �� ������� �� �� �� ������� �� � ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ����������������� ������������ ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �� �� ��� ��� �� ��� ��� � ��� ��������������������� �� ��� � �� ��� ����� ���� ������ � ��� �� ��� ��� �� ��� ����������������� �� �� � �������������� � �� � �� ���� ������������� � ������������������������������� �� � ���������������������� � � � � ����������������������� ���� ������������������������������� ��� � ��������������� � ���� � ��� �� ��� ������������������������������������ ������������������������ ��� � �� ��� ���� � ���� ��� ��� �� �� ��� � �� �� ��� ��� ��� ��� �� ����������������������� �� � ������������������������� ������ �� ��� � �� �� �� ��� ��� ������������������������� ��� ��������������������������������� ��� ���������������������������� ��������������������������������� PA61 • PA61A ����������� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��� ��� ����������������� ��� APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] 3 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA61 • PA61A GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation, current limit and heat sink selection. The "Application Notes" and "Technical Seminar" sections contain a wealth of information on specific types of applications. Package outlines, heat sinks, mounting hardware and other accessories are located in the "Packages and Accessories" section. Evaluation Kits are available for most Apex product models, consult the "Evaluation Kit" section for details. For the most current version of all Apex product data sheets, visit www.apexmicrotech.com. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) � � � �� �� � � � �� �� �� � �� � �� ��� �� �� ��� �� ��� ��� �� �� ����� �� �� ���� � �� �� ���� �� �� ��� ��� ������������������������� ��� �� ��� ��� ��� ��������������������������������� The output stage of most power amplifiers has 3 distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceeds specified limits. 3. The junction temperature of the output transistors. �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ������������������������������������������������� The SOA curves combine the effect of all limits for this Power Op Amp. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. The following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts. 1. Under transient conditions, capacitive and dynamic* inductive loads up to the following maximum are safe: CAPACITIVE LOAD INDUCTIVE LOAD VS ILIM = 5A ILIM = 10A ILIM = 5A ILIM = 10A 45V 200 F 150 F 8mH 2.8mH 40V 400 F 200 F 11mH 4.3mH 35V 800 F 400 F 20mH 5.0mH 30V 1600 F 800 F 35mH 6.2mH 25V 5.0mF 2.5mF 50mH 15mH 20V 10mF 5.0mF 400mH 20mH 15V 20mF 10mF ** 100mH * If the inductive load is driven near steady state conditions, allowing the output voltage to drop more than 8V below the supply rail with ILIM = 10A or 15V below the supply rail with ILIM = 5A while the amplifier is current limiting, the inductor should be capacitively coupled or the current limit must be lowered to meet SOA criteria. ** Second breakdown effect imposes no limitation but thermal limitations must still be observed. 2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load and short circuits to the supply rail or shorts to common if the current limits are set as follows at TC=85°C. SHORT TO VS ± SHORT TO C, L, OR EMF LOAD COMMON ±VS 45V 0.1A 1.3A 40V 0.2A 1.5A 35V 0.3A 1.6A 30V 0.5A 2.0A 25V 1.2A 2.4A 20V 1.5A 3.0A 15V 2.0A 4.0A These simplified limits may be exceeded with further analysis using the operating conditions for a specific application. 3. The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. This data sheet has been carefully CORPORATION checked and is believed to be NORTH reliable, however, no responsibility assumed for possible inaccuracies omissions. All specifications HOTLINE: are subject to1change without notice. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY • 5980 SHANNON ROAD • is TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 •orUSA • APPLICATIONS (800) 546-2739 4 PA61U REV I OCTOBER 2003 © 2003 Apex Microtechnology Corp.