POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER PA13 • PA13A HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • • • • • LOW THERMAL RESISTANCE — 1.1° C/W CURRENT FOLDOVER PROTECTION EXCELLENT LINEARITY — Class A/B Output WIDE SUPPLY RANGE — ±10V to ±45V HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — Up to ±15A Peak APPLICATIONS • • • • • • MOTOR, VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL MAGNETIC DEFLECTION CIRCUITS UP TO 10A POWER TRANSDUCERS UP TO 100kHz TEMPERATURE CONTROL UP TO 360W PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 90V AUDIO AMPLIFIERS UP TO 120W RMS EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC 12 Q2A 11 D1 Q2B 10 9 Q1 DESCRIPTION Q3 The PA13 is a state of the art high voltage, very high output current operational amplifier designed to drive resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. For optimum linearity, especially at low levels, the output stage is biased for class A/B operation using a thermistor compensated base-emitter voltage multiplier circuit. The safe operating area (SOA) can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user programmable current limiting resistors. For continuous operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating is recommended. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet) resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 12-pin power SIP package is electrically isolated. TYPICAL APPLICATION +73V 47µF RCL+ 11,12 9,10 .2 Ω 2 2.5VP-P 1 PA13 7,8 5,6 .2 Ω .1µF 47µF –22V 7.8mH 4Ω 5Ap-p RD 2K 1K HIGH CURRENT ASYMMETRICAL SUPPLY 8 2 Q6B A1 Q6A 1 C1 5 6 POWER RATING Not all vendors use the same method to rate the power handling capability of a Power Op Amp. APEX rates the internal dissipation, which is consistent with rating methods used by transistor manufacturers and gives conservative results. Rating delivered power is highly application dependent and therefore can be misleading. For example, the 135W internal dissipation rating of the PA13 could be expressed as an output rating of 260W for audio (sine wave) or as 440W if using a single ended DC load. Please note that all vendors rate maximum power using an infinite heatsink. APEX has eliminated the tendency of class A/B output stages toward thermal runaway and thus has vastly increased amplifier reliability. This feature, not found in most other Power Op Amps, was pioneered by APEX in 1981 using thermistors which assure a negative temperature coefficient in the quiescent current. The reliability benefits of this added circuitry far outweigh the slight increase in component count. EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS 50pF L* 1 t 7 CF RF YOKE DRIVER: –V = Q5 Q4 THERMAL STABILITY .1µF 3 RCL– 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 Package: SIP03 7 8 9 10 11 12 F.O. RS .5 Ω –R CL –IN +IN +R CL –VS –CL +CL +VS OUTPUT APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA13 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA13 TEST CONDITIONS 2, 5 PARAMETER PA13/PA13A 100V 15A 135W ±VS –3V ±VS 300°C 175°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +Vs to –Vs OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA POWER DISSIPATION, internal INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder -10s TEMPERATURE, junction1 TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case MIN TYP PA13A MAX MIN TYP MAX UNITS ±3 ±40 * * * ±1 * * * ±10 * * ±5 * * * * * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/W nA pA/°C pA/V nA pA/°C MΩ pF V dB INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power BIAS CURRENT, initial BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE3 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC TC = 25°C Full temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Full temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Full temperature range TC = 25°C TC = 25°C Full temperature range ±VS –5 Full temp. range, VCM = ±VS –6V 74 ±2 ±6 ±10 ±65 ±30 ±200 ±20 ±12 ±30 ±50 ±500 ±10 ±12 ±30 ±50 200 3 ±VS –3 100 ±20 * ±10 GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN TC = 25°C, 1KΩ load Full temp. range, 8Ω load TC = 25°C, 8Ω load TC = 25°C, 8Ω load Full temp. range, 8Ω load 96 13 110 108 4 20 20 * * * * * * * dB dB MHz kHz ° OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING3 VOLTAGE SWING3 VOLTAGE SWING3 CURRENT, peak SETTLING TIME to .1% SLEW RATE CAPACITIVE LOAD CAPACITIVE LOAD TC = 25°C, PA13 = 10A, PA13A = 15A TC = 25°C, IO = 5A Full temp. range, IO = 80mA TC = 25°C TC = 25°C, 2V step TC = 25°C Full temperature range, AV = 1 Full temperature range, AV > 10 ±VS –6 ±VS –5 ±VS–5 10 2.5 * * * 15 2 4 * * * 1.5 SOA * * V V V A µs V/µs nF POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent Full temperature range TC = 25°C ±10 ±40 25 ±45 50 .6 .9 30 .7 1.1 * * * * * V mA * * * * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case4 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, DC, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case TC = –55 to +125°C, F > 60Hz TC = –55 to +125°C TC = –55 to +125°C Meets full range specification –25 +85 * * NOTES: * The specification of PA13A is identical to the specification for PA13 in the applicable column to the left 1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. 2. The power supply voltage for all tests is ±40, unless otherwise noted as a test condition. 3. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS. 4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. 5. Full temperature range specifications are guaranteed but not 100% tested. CAUTION The exposed substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 PA13 POWER DERATING 80 60 PA13 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 CASE TEMPERATURE, T (°C) 0 2.2 15.0 CURRENT LIMIT, I LIM (A) 100 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.0 .7 80 –60 40 –120 –150 0 –180 –20 1 –210 PULSE RESPONSE 8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) 100 80 60 40 20 VIN = ±5V, t r = 100ns 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 0 10 100 1K 10K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1 1 HARMONIC DISTORTION .1 = 10 0m 4 6 8 10 12 TIME, t (µs) W PO W =4 0W = 12 PO 300 1K 3K 10K 30K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) POWER RESPONSE | +VS | + | –VS | = 100V 68 46 32 | +VS | – | –VS | = 80V 22 15 | +VS | + | –VS | = 30V 10 6.8 4.6 10K 1.2 1.0 .8 TC C = –25° °C T C = 25 5 °C TC = 8 5°C T C = 12 .6 .4 50 60 70 80 90 100 40 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) 20K 30K 50K 70K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) INPUT NOISE 100 70 50 40 30 20 10 10 QUIESCENT CURRENT 1.4 PO .01 .003 100 2 1.6 .3 .03 0 1M AV =10 VS = ±37V RL = 4Ω VO = –2 4V 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) COMMON MODE REJECTION 120 3 DISTORTION, (%) 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) VO = 24V VO = 0 5.0 2.5 =0 100 –90 20 VO RCL = .18 Ω, RFO = 0 7.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) –30 PHASE, Φ (°) 100 ∞ 10.0 PHASE RESPONSE 0 NORMALIZED, IQ (X) COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB) SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE RCL = .06 Ω,RFO = 12.5 .4 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (°C) 120 60 CURRENT LIMIT 17.5 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ ÷ Hz) 120 BIAS CURRENT 2.5 VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY (V) 140 NORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, I B (X) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS 100 10K 1K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) .1M OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING 6 5 –V0 4 3 +V0 2 1 0 3 6 9 12 OUTPUT CURRENT, I O (A) 15 APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA13 GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation, current limit; heat sink selection; Apex’s complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits. SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) 15 t=0 .5m EA C N stat O W dy K D tea s e 1 .8 .6 .4 10 SHORT TO COMMON 45V 40V 35V 30V 25V 20V 15V .43A .65A 1.0A 1.7A 2.7A 3.4A 4.5A 3.0A 3.4A 3.9A 4.5A 5.4A 6.7A 9.0A These simplified limits may be exceeded with further analysis using the operating conditions for a specific application. CURRENT LIMITING Refer to Application Note 9, "Current Limiting", for details of both fixed and foldover current limit operation. Visit the Apex web site at www.apexmicrotech.com for a copy of Power_design.exe which plots current limits vs. steady state SOA. Beware that current limit should be thought of as a +/–20% function initially and varies about 2:1 over the range of –55°C to 125°C. For fixed current limit, leave pin 4 open and use equations 1 and 2. s ms t=1 85° BR AL SHORT TO ±VS C, L, OR EMF LOAD RCL = 0.65/LCL ICL = 0.65/RCL s Tc= C 1m 2 1.5 RM ND THE 3 25° CO Tc= 4 t= 10 8 6 SE OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V OR –V (A) The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage exceeds specified limits. 3. The junction temperature of the output transistors. ±VS Where: ICL is the current limit in amperes. RCL is the current limit resistor in ohms. For certain applications, foldover current limit adds a slope to the current limit which allows more power to be delivered to the load without violating the SOA. For maximum foldover slope, ground pin 4 and use equations 3 and 4. 0.65 + (Vo * 0.014) 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 90 ICL = (3) RCL SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE V –V (V) The SOA curves combine the effect of all limits for this Power Op Amp. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However, the following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts. 1. Capacitive and dynamic* inductive loads up to the following maximum are safe with the current limits set as specified. ±VS 50V 40V 35V 30V 25V 20V 15V (1) (2) CAPACITIVE LOAD ILIM = 5A ILIM = 10A 200µF 500µF 2.0mF 7.0mF 25mF 60mF 150mF 125µF 350µF 850µF 2.5mF 10mF 20mF 60mF INDUCTIVE LOAD ILIM = 5A ILIM = 10A 5mH 15mH 50mH 150mH 500mH 1,000mH 2,500mH 2.0mH 3.0mH 5.0mH 10mH 20mH 30mH 50mH *If the inductive load is driven near steady state conditions, allowing the output voltage to drop more than 12.5V below the supply rail with ILIM = 10A or 27V below the supply rail with ILIM = 5A while the amplifier is current limiting, the inductor must be capacitively coupled or the current limit must be lowered to meet SOA criteria. 2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load and short circuits to the supply rail or common if the current limits are set as follows at TC = 25°C: 0.65 + (Vo * 0.014) RCL = (4) ICL Where: Vo is the output voltage in volts. Most designers start with either equation 1 to set RCL for the desired current at 0v out, or with equation 4 to set RCL at the maximum output voltage. Equation 3 should then be used to plot the resulting foldover limits on the SOA graph. If equation 3 results in a negative current limit, foldover slope must be reduced. This can happen when the output voltage is the opposite polarity of the supply conducting the current. In applications where a reduced foldover slope is desired, this can be achieved by adding a resistor (RFO) between pin 4 and ground. Use equations 4 and 5 with this new resistor in the circuit. 0.65 + Vo * 0.14 10.14 + RFO ICL = (5) RCL 0.65 + Vo * 0.14 10.14 + RFO RCL = (6) ICL Where: RFO is in K ohms. This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility assumed forARIZONA possible inaccuracies omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD •isTUCSON, 85741 •or USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 PA13U REV. F FEBRUARY 2001 © 2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp.