APEX SA08

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FEATURES
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IGBT OUTPUTS
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE—16-450V
20A TO 100°C CASE
3 PROTECTION CIRCUITS
SYNCHRONIZED OR EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR
FLEXIBLE FREQUENCY CONTROL
APPLICATIONS
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MOTORS
REACTIVE LOADS
MAGNETIC BEARINGS
LARGE PIEZO ELEMENTS
OFF-LINE DRIVERS
C-D WELD CONTROLLER
12-PIN POWER DIP
PACKAGE STYLE CR
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
DESCRIPTION
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The SA08 is a pulse width modulation amplifier that can
supply 9KW to the load. An internal oscillator requires no
external components. The clock input stage divides the oscillator frequency by two, which provides the switching frequency
of 22.5 kHz. The oscillator may also be used to synchronize
multiple amplifiers. Current sensing is provided for each half
of the bridge giving amplitude and direction data. A shutdown
input turns off all four drivers of the H-bridge output. A high
side current limit and the programmable low side current limit
protect the amplifier from shorts to supply or ground in addition
to load shorts. The H-bridge output IGBTs are protected from
thermal overloads by directly sensing the temperature of the
die. The 12-pin hermetic MO-127 power package occupies
only 3 square inches of board space.
BLOCK DIAGRAM AND TYPICAL APPLICATION
MOTOR TORQUE CONTROL
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APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected]
1
SA08
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VCC
POWER DISSIPATION, internal1
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s
TEMPERATURE, junction2
TEMPERATURE, storage
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
INPUT VOLTAGE, +PWM
INPUT VOLTAGE, ILIM
SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS2
CLOCK (CLK)
CLK OUT, high level4
CLK OUT, low level4
CLK IN, low level4
CLK IN, high level4
FREQUENCY
ANALOG INPUT (+PWM)
center voltage
P-P voltage
FLAG
FLAG, high level
FLAG, low level
OUTPUT
TOTAL DROP
EFFICIENCY, 20A output
SWITCHING FREQUENCY
CURRENT, continuous4
CURRENT, peak4
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE, VS
VOLTAGE, VCC
CURRENT, VCC
CURRENT, VCC, shutdown
CURRENT, VS
IOUT ≤ 1mA
IOUT ≤ 1mA
MIN
4.8
0
0
3.7
44.10
0/100% modulation
I = 20A
VS = 380V
OSC in ÷ 2
100°C case
Full temperature range
Full temperature range
IOUT = 0
450V
16V
250W
300°C
150°C
–65 to +150°C
–55 to +125°C
0 TO +11V
0 TO +10V
TYP
MAX
UNITS
45.00
5.3
.4
.9
5.4
46.90
V
V
V
V
kHz
5
4
V
V
10
0
V
V
5.4
22.05
20
28
165
14
98
22.50
240
15
No Load
ILIM/SHUTDOWN
TRIP POINT
INPUT CURRENT
90
THERMAL3
RESISTANCE, junction to case
RESISTANCE, junction to air
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
Full temperature range, for each die
Full temperature range
Meets full range specifications
22.95
V
%
kHz
A
A
450
16
80
50
90
V
V
mA
mA
mA
110
100
mV
nA
1
°C/W
°C/W
°C
12
–25
+85
NOTES: 1. Each of the two active output transistors can dissipate 125W.
2. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, VS, VCC at typical specification.
3. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. For guidance, refer to the heatsink data sheet.
4. Guaranteed but not tested.
5. If 100% duty cycle is not required VS(MIN) = 0V.
CAUTION
The SA08 is constructed from static sensitive components. ESD handling procedures must be observed.
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush,
machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
2
SA08
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
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APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected]
3
SA08
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
adjusted so as to
reduce the switching noise well below
100 mV to prevent
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false current limit���������
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ing. The sum of the
DC level plus the
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noise peak will determine the current
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limiting value. As
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in most switching
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circuits it may be
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difficult to determine the true noise
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amplitude without
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careful attention to
grounding of the oscilloscope probe. Use the shortest possible
ground lead for the probe and connect exactly at the GND
terminal of the amplifier. Suggested starting values are CFILTER
= .1uF, RFILTER = 5k .
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Please read Application Note 30 on "PWM Basics". Refer
to Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" for
helpful information regarding power supplies, heat sinking and
mounting. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that
help automate pwm filter design; heat sink selection; Apex’s
complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
CLOCK CIRCUIT AND RAMP GENERATOR
The clock frequency is internally set to a frequency of approximately 45kHz. The CLK OUT pin will normally be tied to
the CLK IN pin. The clock is divided by two and applied to an
RC network which produces a ramp signal. An external clock
signal can be applied to the CLK IN pin for synchronization
purposes, but must be 45 kHz +/- 2%.
FLAG OUTPUT
Whenever the SA08 has detected a fault condition, the flag
output is set high (10V). When the programmable low side current limit is exceeded, the FLAG output will be set high. The
FLAG output will be reset low on the next clock cycle. This
reflects the pulse-by-pulse current limiting feature. When the
internally-set high side current limit is tripped or the thermal
limit is reached, the FLAG output is latched high. See PROTECTION CIRCUITS below.
PROTECTION CIRCUITS
A fixed internal current limit senses the high side current.
Should either of the outputs be shorted to ground the high side
current limit will latch off the output transistors. The temperature
of the output transistors is also monitored. Should a fault condition raise the temperature of the output transistors to 165°C
the thermal protection circuit latch off the output transistors.
The latched condition can be cleared by either recycling the
Vcc power or by toggling the I LIMIT/SHDN input with a 10V
pulse. See Figures A and B. The outputs will remain off as
long as the shutdown pulse is high (10V).
CURRENT LIMIT
There are two load current sensing pins, I SENSE A and I
SENSE B. The two pins can be shorted in the voltage mode
connection but both must be used in the current mode connection (see figures A and B). It is recommended that RLIMIT resistors
be non-inductive. Load current flows in the I SENSE pins. To
avoid errors due to lead lengths connect the I LIMIT/SHDN pin
directly to the RLIMIT resistors (through the filter network and
shutdown divider resis���������
tor) and connect the
RLIMIT resistors directly
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to the GND pin.
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Switching noise
spikes will invariably be
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found at the I SENSE ������������ ��������
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pins. The noise spikes
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could trip the current
limit threshold which
is only 100 mV. RFILTER ����������������������������
and CFILTER should be ����������������������
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The required value of RLIMIT in voltage mode may be calculated by:
RLIMIT = .1 V / ILIMIT
where RLIMIT is the required resistor value, and ILIMIT is the
maximum desired current. In current mode the required value
of each RLIMIT is 2 times this value since the sense voltage is
divided down by 2 (see Figure B). If RSHDN is used it will further
divide down the sense voltage. The shutdown divider network
will also have an effect on the filtering circuit.
BYPASSING
Adequate bypassing of the power supplies is required for
proper operation. Failure to do so can cause erratic and low
efficiency operation as well as excessive ringing at the outputs. The Vs supply should be bypassed with at least a 1µF
ceramic capacitor in parallel with another low ESR capacitor
of at least 10µF per amp of output current. Capacitor types
rated for switching applications are the only types that should
be considered. The bypass capacitors must be physically
connected directly to the power supply pins. Even one inch of
lead length will cause excessive ringing at the outputs. This is
due to the very fast switching times and the inductance of the
lead connection. The bypassing requirements of the Vcc supply
are less stringent, but still necessary. A .1µF to .47µF ceramic
capacitor connected directly to the Vcc pin will suffice.
STARTUP CONDITIONS
The high side of the IGBT output bridge circuit is driven by
bootstrap circuit and charge pump arrangement. In order for
the circuit to produce a 100% duty cycle indefinitely the low
side of each half bridge circuit must have previously been in
the ON condition. This means, in turn, that if the input signal
to the SA08 at startup is demanding a 100% duty cycle, the
output may not follow the command and may be in a tri-state
condition. The ramp signal must cross the input signal at
some point to correctly determine the output state. After the
ramp crosses the input signal level one time, the output state
will be correct thereafter.
This data
sheet has been carefullyCORPORATION
checked and is believed
to beNORTH
reliable, however,
no responsibility
is assumed for
possible inaccuracies
omissions.
All specificationsHOTLINE:
are subject to1 change
notice.
APEX
MICROTECHNOLOGY
• 5980
SHANNON
ROAD • TUCSON,
ARIZONA
85741 •orUSA
• APPLICATIONS
(800)without
546-2739
4
SA08U REV D OCTOBER 2004
© 2004 Apex Microtechnology Corp.