Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series APC18T12 Series: 12Vin / 18A Non-Isolated Point-of-Load The APC18 DC-DC Power Module is a high efficiency non-isolated buck converter designed for use in a wide variety of applications. Packaged in an industry standard recognized SMT footprint: 1.3” x 0.53”, it works from a wide input voltage range of 10V to 14V and offers a wide adjustable output range of 0.75V to 5.5V through external resistor programming. Electrical Parameters Input Input Range Input Surge 10-14VDC 15V / 100ms Control Enable TTL compatible (Positive or Negative Logic Enable Options) Output Special Features • • • • • • • • Industry Standard SMT Footprint High Efficiency up to 95% at 5V output Adjustable output through external resistor programming Low output ripple and noise Input UVLO Fixed Switching Frequency Positive Enable Remote Sense pin Load Current Line/Load Regulation Ripple and Noise Output Voltage Adjust Range Transient Response Remote Sense Over Current Protection Over Voltage Protection Over Temperature Protection Up to 18A max (Po ≤ 75W) < 1% VO 50mVP-P Typ 0.75 – 5.5VO 250mV Typ deviation 50% step 100µs settling time (Typ) +10%VO 120% max 130% max 110 °C Environmental Specifications Safety • • • UL + cUL 60950, Recognized EN60950 through TUV-PS -40ºC to 85ºC Operating Temperature -40ºC to 125ºC Storage Temperature MTBF > 1 million hours MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 1 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Electrical Specifications ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the converter. Functional operation of the device is converter is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational section of the specs. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended period can adversely affect device reliability. Parameter Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms) Isolation Voltage Input to Output Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Max Voltage at Enable Pin Max Output Power Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit All VIN VIN, trans - - 14 15 Vdc NA -40 -40 10 - - 85 125 85 15 80 ºC ºC % Vdc W Min 10.0 Typ 12.0 Max 14.0 Unit Vdc 9.0 8.0 - - 10.8 9.9 9.5 Vdc 2 0.5 W All All All All All Ta TSTG - Device All Symbol VIN INPUT SPECIFICATION Parameter Operating Input Voltage Range Input Under-Voltage Lock-out T_ON Threshold T_OFF Threshold Input Current1 (VIN = VIN, Min; IO = IO, Max) Max Pdiss @ IO = 0A (VIN = VIN, Nom) Input Ripple Current2 5Hz to 20MHz MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 All All 5.50Vo 0.75Vo All IIN-MAX II1 300 A mAp-p SHEET 2 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Electrical Specifications (continued) OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Output Voltage Set point VIN = VIN, MIN to VIN,MAX; IO =IO,Max Output Regulation Line: VIN = VIN, min to VIN, max Device Symbol VO,SET Min 0.735 Typ 0.75 Max 0.765 Unit Vdc All - - - 0.5 Load: IO = IO, min to IO, max All - - 15 30 Temp: TA = -40 ºC to +85ºC Ripple and Noise4 Peak-to-Peak: (5Hz to 20MHz) Output Current5 External Load Capacitance Cap ESR = 1 mO Cap ESR = 10 mO Output Current-limit Inception6 All All - - 50 0.5 75 % % mV % % mVp-p All IO 0 - 18 A 1000 5000 µF µF Over Temperature Range6 All All All IO 150% 95 - 120 °C (AVG. PCB TEMP, measured at R11 location) 0.75V 1.20V 1.50V 1.80V 2.50V 3.30V 5.00V η η η η η η η 76.0 83.0 85.5 87.0 89.5 91.5 93.5 78.0 84.5 87.0 88.5 91.0 92.5 94.5 - % % % % % % % All - - 3 6 ms VIN = VIN-MIN to VIN-MAX IO = IO,MIN to IO,MAX Switching Frequency All - - - 8 ms All - Output Turn-on Overshoot Output Turn-off undershoot (Passive Resistive Full Load) Output Enable ON/OFF Positive Enable* Enable Pin Voltage: Mod-ON Mod-OFF All - - - 5 -0.5 %Vo V All - 2.6 0 - 15 0.8 V V Efficiency VIN = VIN-NOM IO = IO,MAX ; TA=25°C Output voltage rise time VIN = VIN-MIN to VIN-MAX Enable to Output Turn-ON Delay MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 300 kHz SHEET 3 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Electrical Specifications (continued) OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS Parameter Dynamic Response8 (CO = 10uF Tantalum + 1uF Ceramic) Load Change of 50% step anywhere between 10% to 100% of rated load Device Symbol ∆IO/∆t - Peak Deviation Settling Time to VO, Nom <5% Peak deviation Dynamic Response8 (CO = 150uF x2 Special Polymer Aluminum Capacitors) Load Change of 50% step anywhere between 10% to 100% of rated load All - Peak Deviation Settling Time to VO, Nom <5% Peak deviation Output Voltage Trim Range9 Remote Sense 10 Min Typ Max Unit - 2.5 - A/µs - 250 100 300 150 mV µs ∆IO/∆t 2.5 All 150 150 200 200 5.50 mV µs V - 10% V All All 0.75 A/µs NOTE: 1. The converter is not internally fused. Recommended external fuse, Cooper Bussman 6125FA12A or equivalent 2. External input capacitance required. See Figure 1. 4. Refer to Appendix A3 for the output ripple and Noise Test Measurement Setup. 5. Output current limited by 80W/Vo. Output Power Derating applies at elevated temperature. See Appendix B for the Thermal Derating Curves. 6. OCP and OTP are in hiccup mode. The converter will auto restart without the need to recycle the input voltage or toggle the enable signal and once the fault is removed. Vo higher than 1.5V, true OCP exists. Vo less than 1.5V, OTP is used for OCP. Over current of not higher 150% for Vo less than 1.5V is recommended. Typical overload condition is 150% or 27A. The module with Vo < 1.5V may not be survival from over current exceeding 30A. 8. Load step response shall be measured at the load side of the output capacitors. See Appendix A4 for the output and input cap requirement. 9. See appropriate Trim Equation and configuration in Appendix A6. 10. The combination of remote sense and output trim adjust cannot exceed 5.5V. MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 4 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Electrical Specifications (continued) SAFETY AGENCY / MATERIAL RATING / ISOLATION Parameter Safety Approval Device All Material Flammability Rating Input to Output Insulation Type UL/cUL 60950, Flamability and Temperature Rise All All UL94V-0 Non-Isolated Figure 1. Measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source inductance L1 of 1 uH. Capacitor C1 offsets possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. COPPER STRIP Vo(+) C1 C2 C3 SCOPE RESISTIVE LOAD Vo(-) Figure 2. Use C1 = 0.1µF @50V X7R ceramic capacitor (connected an inch away from the output terminals of the UUT), C2 = 10µF @ 25V tantalum capacitor (2 inches away from the output terminals of the UUT), C3 = 2x 150uF Polymer cap. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC socket, positioned 3 inches away from output terminals of the converter. MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 5 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Typical Application Circuit Figure 3. Typical Application Circuit Enable Pin The converter comes with an Enable pin primarily used to turn ON/OFF the converter. The converter is disabled (OFF) when the voltage across the Enable pin and ground is between 0V to 0.8V. The converter is Enabled (ON) when the voltage across the Enable pin and ground is between 2.6V to 15V (or the Enable Pin is left open). Output Trim Output voltage adjustment is accomplished by connecting an external resistor between the Trim Pin and Ground Pin terminals. Resistance and Output voltage relationship is established by Equation 1. If Trim pin is left open – default VO = 0.75V TRIM-UP EQUATION: Rtrim = ( V10500 − 1000)Ω − 0.75 (1) o Where Rtrim is the resistance value in ohms and VO in Volts is the output voltage desired. Table Rtrim values for different output voltage adjustment Vo (V) 0.75 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 Rtrim (? ) from open 41.0K 22.3K 13.0K 9.00K Equation (1) Rtrim (? ) from open 41.2K 22.1K 13.0K 9.09K E96 MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 2.0 7.40K 2.5 5.00K 3.3 3.12K 5.0 1.47K 7.32K 4.99K 3.09K 1.47K SHEET 6 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Performance Curves Derating Curves Figure 4. Output derating curve at VIN = 12V, VO = 5V. Figure 5. Output derating curve at VIN = 12V, VO = 3.3V. Figure 7. Output derating curve at VIN = 12V, VO = 1.8V. Figure 7. Output derating curve at VIN = 12V, VO = 0.75V. MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 7 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series Mechanical Specifications Parameter Dimension Device All AEO Weight AEO Symbol L W H Min - Typ - Max 1.30 [33.02] 0.53 [13.46] 0.35 [8.89] Unit in [ mm ] in [ mm ] in [ mm ] - 5 [0.16] 10 [0.32] g [oz] Figure 8. Mechanical Outline PIN NAME +VIN Enable GND Sense VO Trim DESIGNATION + Input Voltage ON/OFF Return for VIN and VO +Output Sense pin +Output VO Adjust Figure 9. PIN designation. MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 8 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series RECOMMENDED LOCATION FOR PICK AND PLACE The flat top surface of the large inductor (topside of the board) provides a versatile and convenient way of picking up the module (see Figure 10). A 6-7mm outside diameter nozzle from a conventional SMD machine is recommended to attain maximum vacuum pick-up. Nozzle travel and rotation speed should be controlled to prevent this off-centered picked-up module from falling off the nozzle. The use of vision recognition systems for placement accuracy will be very helpful. RECOMMENDED REFLOW PROFILE REFLOW NOTES / RECOMMENDATIONS 240 2. 3. Refer to the recommended Reflow Profile per Figure 11. Profile parameters exceeding the recommended maximums may result to permanent damage to the module. The module is recommended for topside reflow process to the host card. For other orientations, contact factory. In the event that the module needs to be desoldered from the host card, some pins may be detached from the module. PEAK TEMPERATURE 200°C - 230°C 220 200 TEMPERATURE (deg C) 1. 183°C 180 REFLOW ZONE 160 140 120 < 80 sec 110°C PRE-HEAT ZONE 120 - 180 sec 100 80 SLOPE < 4°C /sec 60 40 20 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 TIME (seconds) Figure 10. Recommended Reflow profile. PICK-UP LOCATION Figure 11. Recommended Pick-up location. MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 9 OF 10 Technical Reference Notes APC18T12 Series TABLE 2: PART NUMBERING SCHEME APC O/P CURRENT O/P VOLTAGE I/P Voltage xx y 12 18 = 18A T = 0.75V 12 = 10V – 14V OPTIONS - 9 z J = Tray packaging Non “J” = T&R packaging Please call 1-888-41-ASTEC for further inquiries or visit us at www.astecpower.com MODEL: APC18T12 SERIES NOVEMBER 4, 2004 - REVISION 00 SHEET 10 OF 10