DRPIC1655X High Performance Configurable 8-bit RISC Microcontroller ver 2.15 OVERVIEW The DRPIC1655X is a low-cost, high performance, 8-bit, fully static soft IP Core, dedicated for operation with fast (typically onchip) dual ported memory. The core has been designed with a special concern about low power consumption. DRPIC1655X soft core is softwarecompatible with the industry standard PIC16C554 and PIC16C558. It implements an enhanced Harvard architecture (i.e. separate instruction and data memories) with independent address and data buses. The 14 bit program memory and 8-bit dual port data memory allow instruction fetch and data operations to occur simultaneously. The advantage of this architecture is that instruction fetch and memory transfers can be overlapped by multi stage pipeline, so that the next instruction can be fetched from program memory while the current instruction is executed with data from the data memory. The DRPIC1655X architecture is 4 times faster compared to standard architecture. So most instructions are executed within 1 system clock period, except the instructions which directly operates on program counter PC (GOTO, CALL, RETURN), this situation require the pipeline to be cleared and subsequently refilled. This operation takes additional one clock cycle. The DRPIC1655X Microcontroller fits perfectly in applications ranging from highAll trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. speed automotive and appliance motor control to low-power remote transmitters/receivers, pointing devices and telecom processors. Built-in power save mode make this IP perfect for applications where power consumption is critical. DRPIC1655X is delivered with fully automated testbench and complete set of tests allowing easy package validation at each stage of SoC design flow CPU FEATURES ● Software compatible with industry standard PIC16C55X ● Pipelined Harvard architecture 4 times faster compared to original implementation ● 35 instructions ● 14 bit wide instruction word ● Up to 32 K bytes of internal Data Memory ● Up to 64K bytes of Program Memory ● Configurable hardware stack ● Power saving SLEEP mode ● Fully synthesizable, static synchronous design with no internal tri-states ● Technology Code independent HDL Source ● 1.4 GHz virtual clock frequency in a 0.18u technological process http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. ○ Address by read from memory a required data PERIPHERALS ○ Three wire communication interface ● Four 8 bit I/O ports ○ Four 8-bit corresponding TRIS registers ○ Interrupt feature on PORTB(7:4) change DELIVERABLES ♦ Source code: VHDL Source Code or/and VERILOG Source Code or/and Encrypted, or plain text EDIF netlist VHDL & VERILOG test bench environment ◊ Active-HDL automatic simulation macros ◊ ModelSim automatic simulation macros ◊ Tests with reference responses Technical documentation ◊ Installation notes ◊ HDL core specification ◊ Datasheet Synthesis scripts Example application Technical support ◊ IP Core implementation support ◊ 3 months maintenance ◊ ◊ ◊ ● Timer 0 ○ 8-bit timer/counter ○ Readable and Writable ♦ ○ 8-bit software programmable prescaler ○ Internal or external clock select ○ Interrupt generation on timer overflow ○ Edge select for external clock ♦ ● Watchdog Timer ○ Configurable Time out period ○ 7-bit software programmable prescaler ○ Dedicated independent Watchdog Clock input ♦ ♦ ♦ ● Extended Interrupt Controller ● ○ Three individually maskable Interrupt sources ○ External interrupt INT ● ● ○ Timer Overflow interrupt Delivery the IP Core updates, minor and major versions changes Delivery the documentation updates Phone & email support ○ Port B[7:4] change interrupt ● CONFIGURATION DoCD™ debug unit ○ Processor execution control ○ Run ○ Halt ○ Step into instruction ○ Skip instruction The following parameters of the DRPIC1655X core can be easy adjusted to requirements of dedicated application and technology. Configuration of the core can be prepared by effortless changing appropriate constants in package file. There is no need to change any parts of the code. ○ Read-write all processor contents ○ Program Counter (PC) ○ Program Memory ○ Data Memory - 1-16 default 8 • Memories type - synchronous asynchronous • SLEEP mode - used unused • WATCHDOG Timer - used / width unused • Timer system - used unused • Interrupt system - used unused • PORTS A,B,C,D - used unused TM • DoCD Debug Unit - used unused • Number of hardware stack levels ○ Special Function Registers (SFRs) ○ Hardware Stack and Stack Pointer ○ Hardware execution breakpoints ○ Program Memory ○ Data Memory ○ Special Function Registers (SFRs) ○ Hardware breakpoints activated at a certain ○ Program address (PC) ○ Address by any write into memory ○ Address by any read from memory ○ Address by write into memory a required data All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. wraddr[14:0] output RAM write address bus Comprehensible and clearly defined licensing methods without royalty fees make using of IP Core easy and simply. ramwe output Data memory write ramoe output Data memory output enable sfrwraddr[3:0] output External SFR’s write address bus Single Design license allows use IP Core in single FPGA bitstream and ASIC implementation. sfrrdaddr[14:0] output External SFR’s read address bus sfrwe output External SFR’s write enable sfroe output External SFR’s output enable Unlimited Designs, One Year licenses allow use IP Core in unlimited number of FPGA bitstreams and ASIC implementations. sleep output Sleep signal portxo[7:0] output Port A, B, C, D outputs trisx[7:0] output Ports A, B, C, D data direction pins In all cases number of IP Core instantiations within a design, and number of manufactured chips are unlimited. There is no time restriction except One Year license where time of use is limited to 12 months. docddatao output DoCDTM Debugger data output docdclk output DoCDTM Clock line prgdatao[13:0] output Program Memory data output prgwe output Program Memory write enable LICENSING ● Single Design license for ○ VHDL, Verilog source code called HDL SYMBOL Source ○ Encrypted, or plain text EDIF called Netlist ● One Year license for ○ Encrypted Netlist only ● Unlimited Designs license for ○ HDL Source ○ Netlist clk clkwdt por mclr prgdata(13:0) prgaddr(15:0) ramdatai(7:0) ramdatao(7:0) rdaddr(14:0) wraddr(14:0) ramwe ramoe sfrrdaddr(3:0) sfrwraddr(3:0) sfrwe sfroe ● Upgrade from ○ HDL Source to Netlist ○ Single Design to Unlimited Designs PINS DESCRIPTION PIN TYPE DESCRIPTION sfrdatai(7:0) intr clk input Global clock t0cki clkwdt input Watchdog clock por input Global reset Power On Reset mclr input User reset prgdata[13:0] input Data bus from program memory portai(7:0) portbi(7:0) portci(7:0) portdi(7:0) ramdatai[7:0] input Data bus from int. data memory sfrdatai[7:0] input Data bus from External SFR regs. intr input External interrupt t0cki input Timer 0 input portxi[7:0] input Port A, B, C, D input docddatai input DoCDTM Debugger input prgaddr[15:0] output Program memory address bus ramdatao[7:0] output Data bus for internal data memory rdaddr[14:0] output RAM read address bus All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. sleep portao(7:0) portbo(7:0) portco(7:0) portdo(7:0) trisa(7:0) trisb(7:0) trisc(7:0) trisd(7:0) docddatai docddatao docdclk TM prgdatao(13:0) DoCD Interface prgwe http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. BLOCK DIAGRAM ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit performs arithmetic and logic operations during execution of an instruction. This module contains work register (W) and Status register. Control Unit – It performs the core synchronization and data flow control. This module manages execution of all instructions. Performs decode and control functions for all other blocks. It contains program counter (PC) and hardware stack. Hardware Stack – it’s a configurable hardware stack. The stack space is not a part of either program or data space and the stack pointer is not readable or writable. The PC is pushed onto the stack when CALL instruction is executed or an interrupt causes a branch. The stack is popped while RETURN, RETFIE and RETLW instruction execution. The stack operates as a circular buffer. This means that after the stack has been pushed eight times, the ninth push overwrites the value that was stored from the first push. RAM Controller – It performs interface functions between Data memory and DRPIC1655X internal logic. It assures correct Data Memory addressing and data transfers. The DRPIC1655X supports two addressing modes: direct or indirect. In Direct Addressing the 9-bit direct address is computed from RP(1:0) bits (STATUS) and 7 least significant bits of instruction word. Indirect addressing is possible by using the INDF register. Any instruction using INDF register actually accesses data pointed to by the file select register FSR. Reading INDF register indirectly will produce 00h. Writing to the INDF register indirectly results in a nooperation. An effective 9-bit address is obtained by concatenating the IRP bit (STATUS) and the 8-bit FSR register. Interrupt Controller – Interrupt Controller module is responsible for interrupt manage system for the external and internal interrupt sources. It contains interrupt related register called INTCON. There are three interrupt sources: The interrupt control register INTCON records individual interrupt requests in flag bits. A global interrupt enable bit, GIE enables all unmasked interrupts. Each interrupt source has an individual enable bit, which can enable or disable corresponding interrupt. When an interrupt is responded to, the GIE is cleared to disable any further interrupt, the return address is pushed into the stack and the PC is loaded with 0004h. The interrupt flag bits must be cleared in software before reenabling interrupts. clk por Hardware Stack mclr sleep prgdata prgaddr ALU Control Unit RAM Controller intr t0cki Interrupt Controller Timer 0 clkwdt Watchdog Timer docddatai docddatao docdclk prgdatao prgwe DoCD Debugger I/O Ports TM sfrdatai sfrrdaddr sfrwraddr sfrwe sfroe portai portbi portci portdi portao portbo portco portdo trisa trisb trisc trisd Timer 0 – Main system’s timer and prescaler. This timer operates in two modes: 8-bit timer or 8-bit counter. In the “timer mode”, timer registers are incremented every 4 CLK periods. When the prescaler is assigned into the TIMER prescale ration can be divided by 2, 4 .. 256. In the “counter mode” the timer register is incremented every falling or rising edge of T0CKI pin, dependent on T0SE bit in OPTION register. ♦ External interrupt INT ♦ TMR0 overflow interrupt ♦ PORTB change interrupt (pins B7:B4) All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. ramdatai ramdatao rdaddr wraddr ramwe ramoe http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. Watchdog Timer– it’s a free running timer. WDT has own clock input separate from system clock. It means that the WDT will run even if the system clock is stopped by execution of SLEEP instruction. During normal operation, a WDT time-out generates a Watchdog reset. If the device is in SLEEP mode the WDT time-out causes the device to wake-up and continue with normal operation. I/O Ports – Block contains DRPIC1655X’s general purpose I/O ports and data direction registers (TRIS). The DRPIC1655X has four 8-bit full bi-directional ports PORT A, PORT B, PORT C, PORT D. Each port’s bit can be individually accessed by bit addressable instructions. Read and write accesses to the I/O port are performed via their corresponding SFR’s PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD. The reading instruction always reads the status of Port pins. Writing instructions always write into the Port latches. Each port’s pin has an corresponding bit in TRISA, B, C and D registers. When the bit of TRIS register is set this means that the corresponding bit of port is configured as an input (output drivers are set into the High Impedance). DoCD™ Debug Unit – it’s a real-time hardware debugger provides debugging capability of a whole SoC system. In contrast to other on-chip debuggers DoCD™ provides non-intrusive debugging of running application. It can halt, run, step into or skip an instruction, read/write any contents of microcontroller including all registers, internal, external, program memories, all SFRs including user defined peripherals. Hardware breakpoints can be set and controlled on program memory, internal and external data memories, as well as on SFRs. Hardware breakpoint is executed if any write/read occurred at particular address with certain data pattern or without pattern. The DoCD™ system includes three-wire interface and complete set of tools to communicate and work with core in real time debugging. It is built as scalable unit and some features can be turned off to save silicon and reduce power consumption. A special care on power consumption has been taken, and when debugger is not used it is automatically switched in power save mode. Finally whole debugger is turned off when debug option is no longer used. All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. OPTIONAL PERIPHERALS There are also available an optional peripherals, not included in presented DRPIC1655X Microcontroller Core. The optional peripherals, can be implemented in microcontroller core upon customer request. ● Timer 1 and Timer 2 ● Full duplex UART ● SPI – Master and Slave Serial Peripheral Interface ○ Supports speeds up ¼ of system clock ○ Mode fault error ○ Write collision error ○ Software selectable polarity and phase of serial clock SCK ○ System errors detection ○ Allows operation from a wide range of system clock frequencies (build-in 5-bit timer) ○ Interrupt generation ● PWM – Pulse Width Modulation Timer ○2 independent 8-bit PWM channels, concatenated on one 16-bit PWM channel ○ Software-selectable duty from 0% to 100% and pulse period ○ Software-selectable polarity of output waveform ● I2C bus controller - Master ○ 7-bit and 10-bit addressing modes ○ NORMAL, FAST, HIGH speeds ○ Multi-master systems supported ○ Clock arbitration and synchronization ○ User defined timings on I2C lines ○ Wide range of system clock frequencies ○ Interrupt generation ● I2C bus controller - Slave ○ NORMAL speed 100 kbs ○ FAST speed 400 kbs ○ HIGH speed 3400 kbs ○ Wide range of system clock frequencies ○ User defined data setup time on I2C lines ○ Interrupt generation http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT The following table gives a survey about the Core area and performance in the ALTERA® devices after Place & Route: Most instruction of DRPIC1655X is executed within 1 CLK period, except program branches that require 2 CLK periods. The table below shows sample instructions execution times: Speed Logic Cells Fmax grade CYCLONE -6 921 111 MHz CYCLONE -6 923 107 MHz STRATIX -5 922 114 MHz STRATIX II -3 823 189 MHz STRATIX GX -5 922 116 MHz APEX II -5 1131 94 MHz APEX20KC -7 1131 81 MHz APEX20KE -1 1131 70 MHz APEX20K -1 1131 41 MHz ACEX1K -1 1150 64 MHz FLEX10KE -1 1150 59 MHz Core performance in ALTERA® devices Device Area utilized by the each unit of DRPIC1655X core in vendor specific technologies is summarized in table below. Component AREA [LC] CPU* Timer 0 Watchdog Timer I/O Ports Total area [FFs] 711 60 55 96 922 285 29 38 64 416 Mnemonic DRPIC1655X PIC16C554 Impr. operands (CLK cycles) (CLK cycles) ADDWF 1 4 4 ANDWF 1 4 4 RLF 1 4 4 BCF 1 4 4 1 1 DECFSZ 1(2) 4(8) 4 INCFSZ 1(2)1 4(8)1 4 BTFSC 1(2)1 4(8)1 4 BTFSS 1(2)1 4(8)1 4 CALL 2 8 4 GOTO 2 8 4 RETFIE 2 8 4 RETLW 2 8 4 RETURN 2 8 4 1 number of clock in case when result of operation is 0. *CPU – consisted of ALU, Control Unit, Bus Controller, Hardware Stack, Extended interrupt controller, External INT pin Interrupt Controller, Extended Interrupt controller, 512 B of RAM 8kW of program memory Core components area utilization - CYCLONE All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. DFPIC&DRPIC FAMILY OVERVIEW - 5 5 5 1 1 5 2 8 8 8 - 2 2 4 4 - * Optional DFPIC & DRPIC family of High Performance Microcontroller Cores All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved. Size (gate) - External interrupts Internal Interrupts Levels of hardware stack Wake up on port pin change - Sleep Mode Watchdog Timer Timer 2 Timer 0 Timer 1 - DoCDTM Debugger 24 16 32 32 Speed rate 33 35 35 35 USART 12 14 14 14 CCP1 DFPIC 165X 2k 128 DFPIC 1655X 64k 512 DRPIC 1655X 64k 512 DRPIC 166X 64k 512 I/O Ports Design Program Memory space Data Memory space Program word length Number of instructions The family of DCD DFPICXX & DRPICXX IP Cores combine a high–performance, low cost, and small compact size, offering the best price/performance ratio in the IP Market. The DCD’s Cores are dedicated for use in cost-sensitive consumer products, computer peripherals, office automation, automotive control systems, security and telecommunication applications. DCD’s DFPICXX & DRPICXX IP Cores family contains four 8-bit microcontroller Cores to best meet your needs: DFPIC165X 12-bit program word, DFPIC1655X 14-bit program word, and DRPIC1655X and DRPIC166X single cycle microcontrollers with 14-bit program word. All three microcontroller cores are binary compatible with widely accepted PIC16C5X and PIC16CXXX. They employ a modified RISC architecture two or four times faster than the original ones. The DFPICXXX & DRPICXX IP Cores are written in pure VHDL/VERILOG HDL languages which make them technologically independent. All of the DFPICXX & DRPICXX family members supports a power saving SLEEP mode and allows the user to configure the watchdog time-out period and a number of hardware stack levels. DFPICXX & DRPICXX can be fully customized according to customer needs. 2 700 * 3 900 * 4 800 * 6 700 CONTACTS For any modification or special request please contact to Digital Core Design or local distributors. Headquarters: Wroclawska 94 41-902 Bytom, POLAND n fo @ d c d .p l e-mail: [email protected] tel. : +48 32 282 82 66 fax : +48 32 282 74 37 Distributors: ttp://www.dcd.pl/apartn.php Please check hhttp://www.dcd.pl/apartn.php All trademarks mentioned in this document are trademarks of their respective owners. http://www.DigitalCoreDesign.com http://www.dcd.pl Copyright 1999-2007 DCD – Digital Core Design. All Rights Reserved.