SP7682/SP7682A Backlight and Flash Driver in QFN 3mm x 3mm C2+ C2- C1+ VOUT SGND LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 FLASH Output current up to 500mA for Flash LED Up to 94% efficiency in 1x mode Triple mode 1x, 1.5x and 2x charge pump Built-in current setting DAC SP7682 - I2C serial interface VIN SP7682A – Single Line Programmable Serial Interface PGND 2.4MHz switching frequency Flash LED output current adjustable in 10mA steps to 500mA EN Backlight LED output current adjustable in 0.5mA steps to 31.5mA SCL (SETFL) Power-saving shutdown mode of 1μA Time Out function to protect the LED in Flash mode (2s) Thermal shutdown protection Built-in over-voltage and over-current protection Automatic soft start limits in-rush current Lead Free, RoHS Compliant Packaging: Space saving 16-pin 3X3mm QFN package SDA (SETBL) C1- FEATURES DESCRIPTION The SP7682 or SP7682A provides a complete LED backlight and flash solution that is designed to drive 4 low current LEDs for backlighting and a single channel high current output for a LED flash. The SP7682 and SP7682A have serial interfaces that can program the backlight LED current in steps of 0.5mA up to 31.5mA and flash LED current in steps of 10mA up to 500mA. The SP7682A uses two single line serial interfaces for programming the backlight current and flash current. The SP7682 uses an I2C serial interface which also allows programming active, standby and shutdown states, selecting flash timeout periods and switching individual LEDs for the backlight. The data is loaded into internal registers upon power up and stored while in shutdown. When the chip is enabled, the stored values set the LED currents. The SP7682/SP7682A automatically detects 1x, 1.5x or 2x operation for optimal efficiency. TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT C1 1uF C2 1uF VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V VIN C1+ C1- C2+ CIN 4.7uF SDA (SETBL) SDA (SETBL) SCL (SETFL) SCL (SETFL) C2VOUT FLASH COUT 2.2uF Flash SP7682 (SP7682A) EN LED1 EN LED2 LED3 LED4 PGND SGND Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 1 © 2007 Exar Corporation ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these ratings or any other above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications below is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time may affect reliability. VCC, Enable, SCL, SDA, VFLASH, VLED..............-0.3V to 6.0V 1 Power Dissipation………………………….Internally limited Storage Temperature..……..………………-65 °C to 150 °C Junction Temperature................................-40°C to +125°C ESD @ LED pins……………...…………………+/-4kV HBM ESD all other pins………….…………………....+/-2kV HBM ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise specified: VIN =3.6V, CIN=4.7uF, COUT=2.2uF, CFLY=1uF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, Tj=-40°C to +125°C. Bold values apply over the full operating temperature range (-40°C to 85°C). PARAMETER Operating VIN Range MIN 2.7 Operating Input Current Quiescent Current Shutdown Supply Current ILED Voltage for DAC=000000 ILED for DAC=000001 ILED for DAC=111111 30.2 IFLASH for DAC=000001 IFLASH for DAC=110010 TYP MAX UNITS 5.5 V 2 mA 25 0.01 μA μA mA mA mA VEN = 0V (shutdown), Ta = 25°C Measure LED1-LED4 and FLASH pins Measure current into LED1-LED4 Measure current into LED1-LED4 mA Measure current into FLASH mA Measure current into FLASH 0.5 31.5 1 0 34.8 10 465 Current DAC Resolution 500 535 6 Bit Backlight Current DAC LSB 0.5 mA Flash Current DAC LSB 10 mA DAC Current Accuracy -7 Switching Frequency 1.9 CONDITIONS Standby Mode 7 % 5mA< ILED<30mA, 80mA< IFLASH<500mA 2.4 2.9 MHz Equivalent Resistance, 1x mode 1.0 1.8 Ohm Iout=200mA Equivalent Resistance, 1.5x mode 10 Ohm Iout=80mA Equivalent Resistance, 2x mode 8 Ohm Iout=500mA LEDx Pin dropout voltage 0.25 V ILED=20mA, measure mode switching FLASH Pin dropout voltage 0.25 V IFLASH=200mA, measure mode switching Thermal Regulation 0.01 %/°C 170 °C Driver turns off 1.2 6.0 100 °C A V μs Driver turns on again Vout =0V Vout open To 1x mode from STANDBY mode 0.4 V Thermal Shutdown Die Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Over-current Protection Over-voltage protection Settle time (TS) after last count SDA, SCL, SETB, SETFL input logic low voltage SDA, SCL, SETB, SETFL input logic high voltage Turn-off time (TOFF) into shutdown 150 160 20 0.7 5.4 V 1.6 50 μs Time Duration before standby, SP7682 2 4 6 s Time Duration before standby, SP7682A Enable logic low voltage Enable logic high voltage 1 2 3 0.4 s V V Sept 27-07 rev G 1.6 SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 2 EN pin high to low TD0=TD1=0V, IFLASH>ITHRESHOLD (defined by bits TOUT0, TOUT1) IFLASH>ITHRESHOLD = 230mA Driver shutdown Driver enabled © 2007 Exar Corporation I2C SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER SYMBOL Serial Clock Frequency Bus Free Time Between a STOP and a START Hold Time, Repeated START Condition Repeated START Condition Setup Time STOP Condition Setup Time Data Hold Time Input Data Hold Time Data Setup Time SCL Clock Low Period SCL Clock High Period Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, receiving Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving MIN TYP MAX UNITS 400 kHz fSCL tBUF 1.3 µs t HD_STA t SU,STA tSU,STO 0.6 0.6 0.6 225 0 100 1.3 0.6 20+ 0.1Cb 20+ 0.1Cb 20+ 0.1Cb 0 400 1 µs µs µs ns ns ns µs µs tHD,DAT(OUT) tHD,DAT(IN) tSU,DAT tLOW tHIGH tR tF Fall Time of SDA Transmitting tF.TX Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line I²C startup time after UVLO clears tSP Cb tSRT 900 900 300 ns CONDITIONS (Notes2, 3) 300 ns (Note2, 3) 250 ns (Note2, 3, 4) 50 400 1 ns pF µs (Note5) (Note 2) (Note 2) Note 1: All parameters tested at TA=25 °C. Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Guaranteed by design. Note 3: Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tR and tF measured between 0.3 x VDD and 0.7 x VDD. Note 4: ISINK ≤6mA. Cb =total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tR and tF measured between 0.3 x VDD and 0.7 VDD. Note5: Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes less than 50ns. SP7682A: SINGLE LINE PROGRAMMABLE SERIAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER SET_BL, SET_FL logic low threshold SET_BL, SET_FL logic high threshold SET_BL, SET_FL logic low time SET_BL, SET_FL logic high time SET_BL shutdown delay SET_FL shutdown delay Sept 27-07 rev G SYMBOL VIL VIH tLO tHI tSHDN tSHDN MIN 1.6 0.5 225 325 SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 3 TYP 0.4 MAX 250 0.5 500 500 800 700 UNITS V V µs µs µs µs CONDITIONS VSET_BL < 0.4V VSET_BL > 1.6V VSET_BL < 0.4V VSET_FL < 0.4V © 2007 Exar Corporation PIN DESCRIPTION PIN # PIN NAME 1 VIN 2 PGND 3 EN 4, 5 SCL,SDA (SP7682) 4 5 SETFL (SP7682A) SETBL (SP7682A) 6 FLASH 7,8,9, 10 LED1LED4 11 SGND 12 VOUT 13,14, 15,16 C2+, C2-, C1+, C1Thermal Pad - Sept 27-07 rev G DESCRIPTION Power supply input. Place a 4.7uF decoupling capacitor next to this pin. Power ground pin. Enable/Shutdown (Logic high = enable, logic low = shutdown). Used to immediately disable the driver and reset the output current level. These pins connect to the I2C bus. Multiple functions can be programmed through his interface. Used to serially program the Flash LED current Used to serially program the Backlight LED’s output current High current internal current source. Connect a high brightness LED between this pin and VOUT. The value of the current can be programmed via the I2C interface between 0mA and 500mA with 10mA increments. During operation this pin is monitored for dropout. When dropout condition detected the charge pump increases operation mode from 1x to 1.5x to 2x. If the FLASH current is set to above the maximum threshold the time-out protection circuit is activated. After the maximum time of constant operation, FLASH current is reduced to zero. Internal current source for LCD backlight. Connect an LED between each of these pins and VOUT. The value of the current can be programmed via the I2C interface between 0mA and 32mA with 0.5mA increments. During operation this pin is monitored for dropout. When dropout condition detected the charge pump increases operation mode from 1x to 1.5x to 2x. If any of the LEDs are not used connect the corresponding pin to Vout. Signal ground pin. Output voltage of the internal charge pump. Connect the LEDs between this pin and the corresponding internal current source. Connect a 2.2uF capacitor between VOUT and PGND. Connect external flying capacitors between these pins. Connect thermal pad to PGND pin. SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 4 © 2007 Exar Corporation FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 5 © 2007 Exar Corporation THEORY OF OPERATION The SP7682 and SP7682A are charge pump based backlight and flash LED drivers with I2C and serial single wire interface (SWI) control respectively. The SP7682 family provides very accurate current drive capability for up-to four backlight LED channels and a flash LED. The backlight LED current can be set through a serial interface controlled 6-bit current DAC with 0.5mA steps, up to 31.5mA. Similarly, FLASH LED current is set thru a serial interface controlled 6-bit current DAC with 10mA steps, up to 500mA. Backlight and Flash current loops make sure that the corresponding output currents at each individual LED output are regulated to their DAC set current values. The inherent decision and control logic decides the operation mode of the "gear-box" charge pump to maximize overall efficiency. In order to decide on the most efficient operation mode for the charge pump, the decision and control logic observes the battery voltage, output voltage, load current, dropout voltage, over-voltage, over-current conditions and in-regulation feedback signals and forces the charge pump to operate in one of the 1x, 1.5x and 2x modes and dynamically switches between modes to maximize overall efficiency. The charge pump used in the heart of the design is a regulated charge pump and regulates the minimum of the LEDx outputs and FLASH output to be 350mV typical. Regulated output voltage depends on the forward voltage drop of the external LEDs used. The Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 6 charge pump switches at a high frequency of 2.4MHz which allows tiny 1uF external capacitors to be used as flying capacitors. When any of the LED outputs or the FLASH output voltage drops below the "dropout" voltage (200mV typical), the charge pump decides to switch up to a less efficient mode, i.e. in 1x mode it switches to 1.5x mode, in 1.5x mode it switches to 2x mode. This switching to a less efficient mode guarantees the part to sustain LED currents in regulation. For the decision to switch back to a more efficient mode, the mode decision logic uses battery voltage, output voltage and load current information and relies on preset margins on the mode switching comparator thresholds. The FLASH channel can be used in torch mode as well as in Flash time-out mode. When used for a momentary Flash output, it is recommended to activate the I2C control for timeout. Once the I2C timeout is activated and for as long as the Flash is active, the SP7682 charge pump will operate in 2x mode in order to provide the continuous voltage and high current needed for Flash. For the SP7682A, which uses the single wire interface, the Flash channel will be in 2x mode whenever the Flash current is at least 230mA. The SP7682 and SP7682A are furnished with undervoltage lockout, current limit, thermal shutdown and over voltage protection features. © 2007 Exar Corporation TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V, Typical Application Circuit, TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Backlight VOUT Efficiency 100 95 95 90 90 85 85 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 100 80 75 70 65 60 50 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=0mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=100mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=200mA 80 75 70 65 60 4LEDs=15mA 4LEDs=20mA 4LEDs=25mA 55 Backlight & Flash VOUT Efficiency 55 50 3.0 4.2 3.3 110 Backlight Output Current Vs VIN 300 Output Current (mA) Output Current (mA) 100 90 80 4LEDs=15mA 4LEDs=20mA 4LEDs=25mA 70 60 50 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=0mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=100mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=200mA 200 150 100 50 3.0 4.2 3.3 95 90 90 85 85 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 100 75 70 65 4.2 Vin (V) Sept 27-07 rev G 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=0mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=100mA 4LEDs=20mA,Flash=200mA 65 55 3.9 Backlight & Flash LED Efficiency 70 60 3.6 50 3.0 3.3 3.6 Vin (V) SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 7 4.2 75 55 3.3 3.9 80 60 50 3.0 3.6 Vin (V) 4LEDs=15mA 4LEDs=20mA 4LEDs=25mA 80 4.2 250 Backlight LED Efficiency 95 3.9 Backlight & Flash Output Current Vs VIN Vin (V) 100 3.6 Vin (V) Vin (V) © 2007 Exar Corporation 3.9 4.2 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V, Typical Application Circuit, TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Flash PWF4 2x Timeout Mode, IOUT Vs VIN 500 Output Current (mA) Vin(AC) 400 300 Vout(AC) 200 Flash=500mA 2x Timeout Mode Flash=400mA 2x Timeout Mode Flash=300mA 2x Timeout Mode Flash=200mA Auto Mode 100 3.0 3.3 3.6 Vin (V) 3.9 4.2 400mA 2x Timeout Mode Ripple Flash PWF4 1.5x Mode Forced, IOUT Vs VIN Flash=500mA 1.5x Forced Mode Flash=400mA 1.5x Forced Mode Flash=300mA 1.5x Forced Mode Flash=200mA 1.5x Forced Mode 500 Vin(AC) Output Current (mA) 400 300 Vout(AC) 200 100 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 Vin (V) 4.2 400mA Forced 1.5x Mode Ripple Flash PWF4 Auto Mode, IOUT Vs VIN 500 Vin(AC) Output Current (mA) 400 300 Vout(AC) 200 100 3.0 Flash=500mA Auto Mode Flash=400mA Auto Mode Flash=300mA Auto Mode Flash=200mA Auto Mode 3.3 3.6 Vin (V) 3.9 4.2 400mA Auto Mode 1.5x to 2x Mode Ripple Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 8 © 2007 Exar Corporation TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V, Typical Application Circuit, TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Ch1=EN Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div LEDs = 20mA 1x Startup from Shutdown LEDs = 20mA 1.5x Startup from Shutdown Ch1=EN Ch1=EN Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Flash = 200mA 1x Startup from Shutdown Flash = 200mA 1.5x Startup from Shutdown Ch1=EN Ch1=EN Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Flash = 300mA 2x Timeout Startup from SHDN Sept 27-07 rev G Flash = 400mA 2x Timeout Startup from SHDN SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 9 © 2007 Exar Corporation TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V, Typical Application Circuit, TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. Ch1=SET_BL Ch1=SET_BL Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div SP7682A SET_BL=41 Pulses LEDs=20mA 1x SP7682A SET_BL=41 Pulses LEDs=20mA, 1.5x Ch1=SET_FL Ch1=SET_FL Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div SP7682A SET_FL=31 Pulses Flash=0.3A 1x SP7682A SET_FL=31 Pulses Flash = 0.3A 2x Ch1=SET_FL Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div SP7682A SET_FL=31 Pulses Flash=0.3A 2s Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682 TD0=TD1=0V Flash=0.3A 4s SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 10 © 2007 Exar Corporation TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VIN = 3.6V, Typical Application Circuit, TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted. 22 20mA Backlight Output Current Vs VIN Ch1=Vin LED1 LED2 Output Current (mA) 21 LED3 LED4 20 Ch2=Vout 19 18 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 Vin (V) 20mA Backlight: 1.5x Mode Ripple Ch1=EN Ch1=EN Ch2=LEDx Ch2=FLASH Ch4=Iin 0.5A/div Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Turn-off time into SHDN Flash=0.3A Turn-off time into SHDN LEDs=20mA Ch1=SCL Ch1=SCL Ch2=Vout Ch2=Vout Ch4=Iin 0.2A/div Settle last count Standby LEDs=20mA 1x Sept 27-07 rev G Ch4=Iin 0.5A/div Settle last count Standby LEDs=20mA 1.5x SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 11 © 2007 Exar Corporation APPLICATIONS INFORMATION I2C Specifications The I2C protocol defines any device that sends data to the bus as a transmitter and any device that reads the data as a receiver. The device that controls the data transfer is known as the master and the other device as the slave. The master will always initiate a data transfer and will provide the serial clock for synchronization. Data input format: S SP7682 Address 7-bit A R/ W 1/0 Data for Status1 8-bit Acknowledge, sent by slave Start Condition A Data for Status2 8-bit A Data For LED 8-bit A A Data for Flash 8-bit SP Stop condition Acknowledge, sent by slave when R/ W =0 Or, sent by master when R/ W =1 SP7682 I2C Slave Address Map: (7-bit Default Address: 0x28) Fuses Fuse1 0 0 1 1 Fuse0 0 1 0 1 A7 0 0 0 0 A6 1 1 1 1 A5 0 0 1 1 A4 1 0 1 0 A3 0 0 0 0 A2 0 0 0 0 The SP7682 has four data registers which can be programmed serially via the I²C interface. The first register is a status register which has two bits used for shutdown/power up options, 4 bits used for individual backlight LED ON/OFF control, and 2 bits for charge pump mode. The second STATUS register contains settings of the FLASH time-out, B7 A1 0 0 0 0 A0 0 0 0 0 0x28 0x20 0x38 0x30 Temperature OK, Voltage OK, and Flash time-out expired conditions. After the Flash timeout has expired the FTO bit will toggle on and then off for intervals set by the TDO bits. The next two registers are used to set the brightness levels of the backlight LEDs and Flash LED. Theory of Operation - I²C Serial Interface REGISTER 7-bit address Hex A7-A1 R/W 1/0 Device Address The register bits are as follows: B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 STATUS1 WZ WP PMP0 PMP1 LED0 LED1 LED2 LED3 STATUS2 TOUT0 TOUT1 TD0 TD1 TOK VOK FTO dc LEDS D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 dc dc FLASH D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 dc dc Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 12 © 2007 Exar Corporation APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The following table defines the states for bits PMP0 and PMP1. These bits can be used to set the operating mode for the internal charge pump. PMP0 PMP1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 State TOUT0 TOUT1 Automatic mode detection. 0 0 1x mode only. 1.5x and 2x modes are prohibited 1.5x mode only. 1x and 2x modes are prohibited. 1x or 1.5x mode auto detection. 2x mode is prohibited. 0 1 1 0 1 1 The following table defines the states for bits LED0 to LED3. These bits can be used to turn LEDs On or OFF. LED0 LED1 LED2 LED3 State 1 0 0 0 LED0 OFF, other LEDs ON. 0 1 0 0 LED1 OFF, other LEDs ON. 0 0 1 0 LED2 OFF, other LEDs ON. 0 0 The following table defines the states for bits TOUT0 and TOUT1. These bits can be used to adjust current threshold for the time-out feature in Flash mode. 0 1 LED3 OFF, other LEDs ON. State Time-out disabled Timeout enabled for 110mA and above Timeout enabled for 160mA and above Timeout enabled for 230mA and above The following table defines the states for bits TD0 and TD1. These bits can be used to adjust time-out delay for the time-out feature in Flash mode. TD0 TD1 State 0 0 4s 0 1 2s 1 0 1s 1 1 0.5s Addressing and Writing Data to the SP7682 To write data to the SP7682 one of the following two cycles must be obeyed: Easy shutdown/startup sequence The following table defines the states for bits WZ and WP. These bits can be used to put the SP7682 into shutdown, standby or active. WZ WP 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Sept 27-07 rev G State Shutdown, data registers are reset to 000000 Shutdown, data registers are unchanged Standby. Output current is zero, data registers are unchanged. Active. Output current corresponds to the register contents [Slave Address with write bit][Data for Status] Full shutdown/startup sequence [Slave Address with write bit][Data for Status1][Data for Status2][Data for LEDs][Data for FLASH] Addressing and Reading Data from the SP7682 To read data from the SP7682 the following data cycle must be obeyed: [Slave Address with read bit][Data for Status1][Data for Status2][Data for LEDs][Data for FLASH] SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 13 © 2007 Exar Corporation APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DAC table for Backlight LED intensity In the LED register bits B7, B6, B5, B4, B3 and B2 represent the DAC codes D5-D0 used to set the LED current in the four LEDs. The following table lists the DAC codes and the corresponding current for each channel in mA: B7-B2 000000 000001 000010 000011 000100 000101 000110 000111 001000 001001 001010 001011 001100 001101 001110 001111 010000 010001 010010 010011 010100 010101 010110 010111 011000 011001 011010 011011 011100 011101 011110 011111 Sept 27-07 rev G BL (mA) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 B7-B2 100000 100001 100010 100011 100100 100101 100110 100111 101000 101001 101010 101011 101100 101101 101110 101111 110000 110001 110010 110011 110100 110101 110110 110111 111000 111001 111010 111011 111100 111101 111110 111111 DAC table for FLASH LED intensity In the FLASH register bits B7, B6, B5, B4, B3 and B2 represent the DAC codes D5-D0 used to set the LED current in the four LEDs. The following table lists the DAC codes and the corresponding current for each channel in mA: BL (mA) 16.0 16.5 17.0 17.5 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.5 20.0 20.5 21.0 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 23.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.0 27.5 28.0 28.5 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.5 SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 14 B7-B2 000000 000001 000010 000011 000100 000101 000110 000111 001000 001001 001010 001011 001100 001101 001110 001111 010000 010001 010010 010011 010100 010101 010110 010111 011000 011001 011010 011011 011100 011101 011110 011111 Flash (mA) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 B7-B2 100000 100001 100010 100011 100100 100101 100110 100111 101000 101001 101010 101011 101100 101101 101110 101111 110000 110001 110010 110011 110100 110101 110110 110111 111000 111001 111010 111011 111100 111101 111110 111111 Flash (mA) 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 © 2007 Exar Corporation SP7682A APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SP7682A Single Line Programmable Serial Interface Backlight Code Table (programmed via SETBL) SET_FL (or SET_BL) pin programming waveform shown below: EN SET_FL tHI=0.5us min tLO=0.5us to 0.25ms tSHDN=0.5ms i 40mA shutdown 10mA IFLASH 0mA In the above example code 5 is programmed as there are five rising edges. Serially Programmable Codes Flash Code Table (programmed via SETFL) code Flash (mA) code Flash (mA) code Flash (mA) 1 0 18 170 35 340 2 10 19 180 36 350 3 20 20 190 37 360 4 30 21 200 38 370 5 40 22 210 39 380 6 50 23 220 40 390 7 60 24 230 41 400 8 70 25 240 42 410 9 80 26 250 43 420 10 90 27 260 44 430 11 100 28 270 45 440 12 110 29 280 46 450 13 120 30 290 47 460 14 130 31 300 48 470 15 140 32 310 49 480 16 150 33 320 50 490 17 160 34 330 51 500 Sept 27-07 rev G code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 15 BL (mA) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 code 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 BL (mA) 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5 14 14.5 15 15.5 16 16.5 17 17.5 18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 code 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 BL (mA) 21 21.5 22 22.5 23 23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5 29 29.5 30 30.5 31 31.5 © 2007 Exar Corporation APPLICATIONS INFORMATION LED Selection The SP7682 is designed as a driver for backlight white LEDs and Flash white LEDs, but is capable of driving other LED types with forward voltage specifications ranging from 2.0V to 3.8V. LED applications may include LCD display backlighting, camera photo-flash applications, infrared (IR) diodes for remotes, and other loads benefiting from a controlled output current generated from a varying input voltage. Since the D1 to D4 output current-sinks are matched with negligible voltage dependence, the LED brightness will be matched regardless of the specific LED forward voltage (VF) levels. In flash applications, it may be necessary to drive highVF type LEDs. The typical characteristic curves illustrate low VF Flash LEDs using the LumiLEDs PWF4 LED, but the low dropout currentsinks in the SP7682 make it capable of driving LEDs with forward voltages as high as 4.0V from an input supply as low as 3.2V but at a reduced output current. Device Switching Noise Performance The SP7682 operates at a fixed frequency of approximately 2.4MHz to control noise and limit harmonics that can interfere with the RF operation of cellular telephone handsets or other communication devices. Back-injected noise appearing on the input pin of the charge pump can be much less than 100mV peak-to-peak, typically less than inductor-based DC/DC boost converter white LED backlight solutions. The SP7682 soft-start feature helps prevent noise transient effects associated with inrush currents during startup of the charge pump circuit. Power Efficiency The charge pump efficiency shown in the typical characteristic curves is shown for two cases. The first case is called output efficiency which is the power efficiency to the output as a ratio of the output voltage power to the input voltage power and expressed as a percentage. The second case is called LED efficiency and is the power efficiency to the LED outputs and is expressed as a ratio of the power to the LEDs to the input voltage power. These expressions are shown at the end of this section in their formulas. The first case is what is generally shown in competitors’ datasheets and is shown Sept 27-07 rev G here for reference. The second case of LED power efficiency is included to show the user the true power delivered to the LEDs. As one can see in the curves, the LED efficiency is greatest when VIN is higher than the VF of the LEDs (and higher than the voltage required on the constant current-sink outputs of the LEDs) and that is when the SP7682 is in the 1x mode. When VIN is less than the VF (and less than the voltage required on the constant current-sink outputs of the LEDs) the SP7682 is in the 1.5x mode or 2x mode and in these modes the input current is 1.5 times or 2 times the output current and therefore the efficiency will be reduced. VOUT efficiency = VOUT•IOUT/(VIN•IIN)•100% LED efficiency = (VOUT -VLED) •IOUt/(VIN•IIN)•100% Refer to the Typical Characteristics section of this document for measured plots of efficiency versus input voltage and output load current versus input voltage for given LED output current options. Capacitor Characteristics Ceramic composition capacitors are highly recommended over all other types of capacitors for use with the SP7682. Ceramic capacitors offer many advantages over their tantalum and aluminum electrolytic counterparts. A ceramic capacitor has very low ESR, is lower in cost, has a smaller PCB footprint, and is non-polarized. Low ESR ceramic capacitors help to maximize charge pump transient response. Since ceramic capacitors are non-polarized, they are not prone to incorrect connection damage. Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) ESR is an important characteristic to consider when selecting a capacitor. ESR is a resistance internal to a capacitor that is caused by the leads, internal connections, size or area, material composition, and ambient temperature. Capacitor ESR is typically measured in milliohms for ceramic capacitors and can range to more than several Ohms for tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitors. SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 16 © 2007 Exar Corporation APPLICATIONS INFORMATION can be 1μF for most applications for backlight and Flash, and for light output currents flying capacitors of 0.47uF can be used. For applications when the 4 backlight LED drivers are drive 20mA or more and the Flash driver is driven to 100mA or more, it is advisable to use a 4.7μF input capacitor in order to reduce the input ripple as seen by the battery. If the LED currentsinks are only programmed for low current levels, or if the application is not very noise sensitive, then a 2.2μF input capacitor may be used. See table 1 for capacitor selection. Ceramic Capacitor Materials Capacitors with large output values are typically composed of X7R, X5R, Z5U, or Y5V dielectric materials, but Z5U and Y5V are not recommended since they have a large change in value with temperature. X5R and X7R capacitors are recommended since they are relatively low in cost and their output value changes with temperature are relatively small. Capacitor Selection Careful selection of the four external capacitors CIN, C1, C2, and COUT is important because they will affect turn-on time, output ripple, and transient performance. Optimum performance will be obtained when low equivalent series resistance (ESR) ceramic capacitors are used. In general, low ESR may be defined as less than 100mΩ. A value of 4.7μF for the input and 2.2μF for the output capacitor is sufficient for most applications. The flying capacitors C1 and C2 Thermal Protection The SP7682 has a thermal protection circuit that will shut down the internal LDO and charge pump if the die temperature rises above the thermal limit, and will restart when the die temperature drops about 20°C below the thermal limit. Table 1: SP7682/SP7682A Capacitor Selection Manufacturers/ Website Part Number Capacitance/ Voltage Capacitor Size/Type/Thickness ESR at 100kHz TDK/www.tdk.com TDK/www.tdk.com TDK/www.tdk.com TDK/www.tdk.com Murata/www.murata.com Murata/www.murata.com Murata/www.murata.com Murata/www.murata.com C1005X5R0J474K C1005X5R0J105K C1608X5R0J225K C1608X5R0J475K GRM155R60J474KE19 GRM155R60J105KE19 GRM185R60J225KE26 GRM188R60J475KE19 0.47uF/6.3V 1uF/6.3V 2.2uF/6.3V 4.7uF/6.3V 0.47uF/6.3V 1uF/6.3V 2.2uF/6.3V 4.7uF/6.3V 0402/X5R/0.55mm 0402/X5R/0.55mm 0603/X5R/0.9mm 0603/X5R/0.9mm 0402/X5R/0.55mm 0402/X5R/0.55mm 0603/X5R/0.55mm 0603/X5R/0.8mm 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 FOOTPRINT: 3x3mm 16 pin QFN Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 17 © 2007 Exar Corporation PACKAGE: 3x3mm 16 pin QFN EXAR Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 18 © 2007 Exar Corporation ORDERING INFORMATION Part Number Control Min Max Theta JA RoHS Interface Temp ºC Temp ºC ºC/W 85 Yes 33.3 L3 @ 260ºC Canister Any 2 -40 85 Yes 33.3 L3 @ 260ºC Tape & Reel 3000 2 -40 85 -40 85 Yes 33.3 L3 @ 260ºC Canister Any -40 85 Yes 33.3 L3 @ 260ºC Tape & Reel 3000 -40 85 SP7682ER1-L/TR IC SP7682AER1L/TR SP7682AEB Quantity Package -40 IC SP7682AER1-L Pack Type 2 SP7682ER1-L SP7682EB MSL Level IC Single Wire Single Wire Single Wire Not Applicable to Eval Board Not Applicable to Eval Board 3x3 16 Pin QFN 3x3 16 Pin QFN Board 3x3 16 Pin QFN 3x3 16 Pin QFN Board For further assistance: Email: WWW Support page: Application Notes: [email protected] http://www.sipex.com/content.aspx?p=support http://www.sipex.com/applicationNotes.aspx EXAR Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this publication in order to improve design, performance or reliability. EXAR Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuits described herein, conveys no license under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. Charts and schedules contained here in are only for illustration purposes and may vary depending upon a user’s specific application. While the information in this publication has been carefully checked; no responsibility, however, is assumed for inaccuracies. EXAR Corporation does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applications unless EXAR Corporation receives, in writing, assurances to its satisfaction that: (a) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; (b) the user assumes all such risks; (c) potential liability of EXAR Corporation is adequately protected under the circumstances. Sept 27-07 rev G SP7682: Backlight and Flash Driver Page 19 © 2007 Exar Corporation