Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 General Description Features The AP3101 is a green PWM controller operating in current mode. It is specially designed for off-line ACDC adapter and battery charger applications where the needs for low standby power and better protection function are increasing. · · · · · · · · · · · The AP3101 features adjustable oscillator frequency in normal operation, which is done by an external resistor. It automatically switches to skip cycle mode when output power drops below a given level. The IC also features low start-up and operation current for its BiCMOS process. The AP3101 provides comprehensive protection features including leading edge blanking, synchronized slope compensation, over-current, over-temperature and short circuit protection. Green Current Mode PWM Controller Adjustable Skip Level Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) Cycle by Cycle Current Limit Built-in Short Circuit Protection Built-in Synchronized Slope Compensation Low Start-up/Operating Current: 30µA/3mA Adjustable Oscillator Frequency Totem Pole Output Including Soft Driving Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) Accurate Over-Temperature Protection with Hysteresis Applications · · The AP3101 is available in 2 packages: SOIC-8 and DIP-8. SOIC-8 Off-line AC-DC Adapter Battery Charger Applications DIP-8 Figure 1. Package Types of AP3101 Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 1 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Pin Configuration M/P Package (SOIC-8/DIP-8) GND 1 8 GATE FB 2 7 VCC VIN 3 6 SENSE RI 4 5 ADJ Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3101 (Top View) Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Function 1 GND 2 FB Feedback Power ground 3 VIN Start-up current in 4 RI Reference setting 5 ADJ 6 SENSE Adjust the level of skip cycle 7 VCC The positive supply of the control IC 8 GATE Driver output Current sense Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 2 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Functional Block Diagram VCC GND 1 Q ON/OFF Driver D CLK GATE OSC Short circuit Protection RB RI 8 6V 4 OTP Skip Cycle 4R 5 ADJ R 6V PWM VIN 3 Internal Bias 2 FB 2R VCC 7 Slope Current Limit Compensation UVLO 16V/10V R LEB 6 SENSE 0.85V Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3101 Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 3 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Ordering Information AP3101 - Circuit Type E1: Lead Free Package TR: Tape and Reel Blank: Tube P: DIP-8 M: SOIC-8 Package Temperature Range Part Number Marking ID Packing Type DIP-8 -40 to 85oC AP3101P-E1 AP3101P-E1 Tube 3101M-E1 -40 to 85oC AP3101M-E1 Tube SOIC-8 AP3101MTR-E1 3101M-E1 Tape & Reel BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 4 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Parameter Symbol Value Unit VCC 30 V IO 600 mA Input Voltage to FB -0.3 to 7 V Input Voltage to SENSE -0.3 to 7 V Input Voltage to RI -0.3 to 7 V Input Voltage to ADJ -0.3 to 7 V 150 oC -65 to 150 oC 4 kV 400 V Supply Voltage Gate Output Current Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range TSTG ESD (Human Body Model) ESD (Machine Model) DIP-8 Package Power Dissipation at TA<25oC Thermal Resistance Ambient) (Junction 1350 PD SOIC-8 Package to mW 550 DIP-8 Package 83 oC/W RθJA SOIC-8 Package 186 Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature Supply Voltage Symbol Min Max TA -40 85 VCC 20 Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 Unit o C V BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 5 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Electrical Characteristics (VCC=15V, TA=25oC, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTION Start-up Voltage VTHON 15 16 17 V Minimum Operating Voltage VTHOFF 9 10 11 V VCC=14.8V 30 45 µA VFB=VSENSE=0V, CL=1nF 3 4 mA 80 90 % 0 % TOTAL STANDBY CURRENT SECTION Start-up Current Operating Current ICC PWM SECTION Maximum Duty Cycle DMAX Minimum Duty Cycle DMIN 70 OSCILLATOR SECTION Oscillation Frequency fOSC 70 kHz Frequency Change with Voltage VCC=10 to 20V RI=26kΩ 60 65 2 % Temperature Stability TA=-40 oC to 85 oC 5 % FEEDBACK INPUT SECTION The Ratio of Input Voltage to Current Sense Voltage 2.5 3 3.5 V/V 3 4.5 6 kΩ Source Current -2 mA Input Voltage for Zero Duty 1.2 V 0.85 0.9 V 150 200 ns Input Impedance CURRENT SENSE SECTION Threshold Voltage 0.8 VTH Delay to Output The Delay Time of Short Circuit Protection RI=26kΩ 23 ms OUTPUT SECTION Low Level Voltage VOL IO=200mA, VCC=12V High Level Voltage VOH IO=50mA, VCC=12V 1.5 8 V V Rise Time tR VCC=13V, CL=1nF 150 250 350 ns Fall Time tF VCC=13V, CL=1nF 30 50 90 ns Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 6 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Parameter Symbol SKIP CYCLE SECTION Default Skip Level Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 1.2 VSKIP Leading Edge Blank 200 V 270 350 ns OVER-TEMPERATURE PROTECTION SECTION Shutdown Temperature 155 o C Temperature Hysteresis 25 o C Typical Performance Characteristics 40 36 65 Start-up Current (µA) Oscillator Frequency (kHz) 66 64 63 62 61 -40 32 28 24 20 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 16 -40 120 o -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 4. Oscillator Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 Figure 5. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 7 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 4.4 16.3 4.2 16.2 16.1 Start-up Voltage (V) Operating Current (mA) 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 16.0 15.9 15.8 15.7 15.6 15.5 2.8 15.4 2.6 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 15.3 -40 120 -20 0 o 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 6. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 7. Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 10.2 86 82 80 10.0 Duty Cycle (%) Minimum Operating Voltage (V) 84 10.1 9.9 9.8 78 76 74 72 70 9.7 68 9.6 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 66 -40 120 o -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 8. Minimum Operating Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 9. Duty Cycle vs. Ambient Temperature Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 8 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 1.26 135 1.24 120 Oscillator Frequency (kHz) Skip Level (V) Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 1.14 -40 105 90 75 60 45 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 30 12 120 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 Timing Resistor (kΩ) o Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 10. Skip Level vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 11. Oscillator Frequency vs. Timing Resistor Operation Description very high resistance value even in 85V line voltage; however, higher resistance will cause longer start-up time. So we must select a proper start-up resistor and a proper VCC hold-up capacitor. Operating current is lowered to 3mA. It can reduce the requirement of VCC hold-up capacitor value and the power loss in AP3101. The AP3101 is specially designed for off-line AC-DC adapter and battery charger applications. It offers the designer a cost effective solution with minimal external components. Oscillator The oscillation frequency is programmed by the value of resistor R1 connected from pin RI to ground. The resistor will make a constant current source to determine the oscillation frequency by charging and discharging an internal capacitor. The oscillation frequency can be expressed as: f ≈ Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) An UVLO comparator is included in AP3101 to detect the voltage on the VCC pin. It ensures AP3101 to draw adequate energy from hold-up capacitor during power on. The turn-on threshold is 16V and the turnoff threshold is 10V. 1690 (kHz ) R1(kΩ) Current Sense Comparator and PWM Latch AP3101 operates as a current mode controller, the output switch conduction is initiated by every oscillator cycle and terminated when the peak inductor current reaches the threshold level established by the FB pin. The inductor current signal is converted to a voltage signal by inserting a referenced sense resistor RS The recommended oscillation frequency is 50 to 100 kHz. Start-up Current and Operating Current The typical start-up current is only 30µA. With such a low start-up current, the start-up resistor may have a Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 9 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Operation Description (Continued) Short Circuit Protection Built-in short circuit protection can protect a SMPS from being damaged when short circuit of output or over load conditions happen. The feedback voltage will keep its value above its upper limit of 4.2V as long as short circuit exists, and then gate driver will be turned off after fixed delay time of 23 ms. When VCC of AP3101 dropped under the minimum operating voltage, the device will be turned off and the system will try to restart. The SMPS will not recover its normal operation until the short circuit or over load is removed. in series with the source of the MOSFET. The peak inductor current under normal operating conditions is controlled by the voltage at FB pin: I pk = (VFB − 0.9) / 3RS Abnormal operating conditions occur when the power supply output is overloaded or the output voltage sensing is lost. Under these conditions, the current sense comparator threshold will be internally clamped to 0.85V. Therefore the maximum peak switch current is: I PK (max) = 0.85 / RS Green Mode Operation ADJ pin is the non-inverting input of skip cycle comparator. The voltage at FB pin minus 0.9V is compared with the voltage at ADJ pin. If the voltage at ADJ pin is larger, AP3101 will start to blank its output pulse. In normal operation, AP3101 works at fixed switching frequency, and VFB is in high level. When load power becomes lighter, the VFB will decrease. When VFB drops to the threshold, AP3101 will enter the skip cycle mode and operate intermittently. The threshold is adjustable by changing the value of the resistor connected from pin ADJ to the ground. Leading Edge Blanking A narrow spike on the leading edge of the current waveform can usually be observed when the power MOSFET is turned on. A 270 ns leading-edge blank is built-in to prevent the false-triggering caused by the turn-on spike; so the RC filter on the current sense input can be removed. During this period, the current limit comparator is disabled and the gate driver can not be switched off. Built-in Slope Compensation It is well known that a continuous current mode SMPS may become unstable when the duty cycle exceeds 50%. The built-in slope compensation can improve the stability, so there is no need for design engineer to spend much time on that. Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 10 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Typical Application R9 10 NTC BD1 J1 C5 1000pF C2 2nF C1 R2 100µF 100k R1 1.2M T D3 D1 FR107 J2 C7 470µF C6 1000µF C3 22µF R3 6.2 L2 8µH 12V/3A D2 FR107 R4 20 Q1 7N60 C8 0.1µF R6 0.5 R7 4.7k 8 7 6 R10 9.5k R11 2.5k 5 R12 1k GATE VCC SENSE ADJ Q2 AZ431 U1 AP3101 GND 1 FB VIN 2 3 R13 620 RI 4 R8 27k U2 p521 4 1 3 2 Figure 12. Typical Application of AP3101 Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 11 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Mechanical Dimensions SOIC-8 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 7° Unit: mm(inch) 0.320(0.013) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) 8° 8° 7° 0.675(0.027) 0.725(0.029) D 5.800(0.228) 1.270(0.050) 6.200(0.244) TYP D 20:1 φ 0.800(0.031) 0.300(0.012) R0.150(0.006) 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 0° 8° 1.000(0.039) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 0.330(0.013) 0.190(0.007) 0.250(0.010) 1° 5° 0.510(0.020) 0.900(0.035) R0.150(0.006) 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 12 Preliminary Datasheet GREEN MODE PWM CONTROLLER AP3101 Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) DIP-8 Unit: mm(inch) 0.700(0.028) 7.620(0.300)TYP 1.524(0.060) TYP 6° 5° 6° 3.200(0.126) 3.600(0.142) 3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 4° 4° 0.510(0.020)MIN 3.000(0.118) 3.600(0.142) 0.204(0.008) 0.360(0.014) 8.200(0.323) 9.400(0.370) 0.254(0.010)TYP 2.540(0.100) TYP 0.360(0.014) 0.560(0.022) 0.130(0.005)MIN 6.200(0.244) 6.600(0.260) R0.750(0.030) Φ3.000(0.118) Depth 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 9.000(0.354) 9.400(0.370) Apr. 2007 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 13 http://www.bcdsemi.com IMPORTANT NOTICE BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or specifications herein. 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