LM4050 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference General Description Features Ideal for space critical applications, the LM4050 precision voltage reference is available in the sub-miniature (3 mm x 1.3 mm) SSOT-23 surface-mount package. The LM4050’s design eliminates the need for an external stabilizing capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load, thus making the LM4050 easy to use. Further reducing design effort is the availability of several fixed reverse breakdown voltages: 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V, 8.192V, and 10.000V. The minimum operating current increases from 60 µA for the LM4050-2.5 to 100 µA for the LM4050-10.0. All versions have a maximum operating current of 15 mA. The LM4050 utilizes fuse and zener-zap reverse breakdown voltage trim during wafer sort to ensure that the prime parts have an accuracy of better than ± 0.1% (A grade) at 25˚C. Bandgap reference temperature drift curvature correction and low dynamic impedance ensure stable reverse breakdown voltage accuracy over a wide range of operating temperatures and currents. All grades and voltage options of the LM4050 operate between −40˚C and +85˚C. Selected parts can operate in the extended temperature range, from −40˚C and +125˚C. n n n n Small packages: SSOT-23 No output capacitor required Tolerates capacitive loads Fixed reverse breakdown voltages of 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V, 8.192V, and 10.000V Key Specifications (LM4050-2.5) n Output voltage tolerance (A grade, 25˚C) ± 0.1% (max) n Low output noise (10 Hz to 10 kHz) 41 µVrms(typ) n Wide operating current range 60 µA to 15 mA n Industrial temperature range −40˚C to +85˚C n Extended temperature range −40˚C to +125˚C n Low temperature coefficient 50 ppm/˚C (max) Applications n n n n n n n n Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment Data Acquisition Systems Instrumentation Process Control Energy Management Product Testing Automotive Precision Audio Components Connection Diagrams SSOT-23 DS101045-1 *This pin must be left floating or connected to pin 2. Top View See NS Package Number MF03A © 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS101045 www.national.com LM4050 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference May 2000 LM4050 Ordering Information Industrial Temperature Range (−40 ˚C to +85 ˚C) Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient ± 0.1%, 50 ppm/˚C max (A grade) ± 0.2%, 50 ppm/˚C max (B grade) ± 0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade) LM4050 Supplied as 1000 Units, Tape and Reel LM4050 Supplied as 3000 Units, Tape and Reel LM4050AIM3-2.5 LM4050AIM3X-2.5 LM4050AIM3-4.1 LM4050AIM3X-4.1 LM4050AIM3-5.0 LM4050AIM3X-5.0 LM4050AIM3-8.2 LM4050AIM3X-8.2 LM4050AIM3-10 LM4050AIM3X-10 LM4050BIM3-2.5 LM4050BIM3X-2.5 LM4050BIM3-4.1 LM4050BIM3X-4.1 LM4050BIM3-5.0 LM4050BIM3X-5.0 LM4050BIM3-8.2 LM4050BIM3X-8.2 LM4050BIM3-10 LM4050BIM3X-10 LM4050CIM3-2.5 LM4050CIM3X-2.5 LM4050CIM3-4.1 LM4050CIM3X-4.1 LM4050CIM3-5.0 LM4050CIM3X-5.0 LM4050CIM3-8.2 LM4050CIM3X-8.2 LM4050CIM3-10 LM4050CIM3X-10 Extended Temperature Range (−40 ˚C to +125 ˚C) Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient LM4050 Supplied as 1000 Units, Tape and Reel LM4050 Supplied as 3000 Units, Tape and Reel ± 0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade) LM4050CEM3-2.5 LM4050CEM3X-2.5 SSOT-23 Package Marking Information Only three fields of marking are possible on the SSOT-23’s small surface. This table gives the meaning of the three fields. Part Marking RCA RDA REA Field Definition First Field: R = Reference Second Field: RFA C = 2.500V Voltage Option RGA D = 4.096V Voltage Option RCB E = 5.000V Voltage Option RDB F = 8.192V Voltage Option REB G = 10.000V Voltage Option RFB RGB Third Field: RCC A–C = Initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage or Reference Voltage Tolerance RDC A = ± 0.1%, B = ± 0.2%, C = +0.5%, REC RFC RGC www.national.com 2 Machine Model (Note 4) 200V See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Reverse Current Forward Current Power Dissipation (TA = 25˚C) (Note 3) M3 Package Storage Temperature (Note 2) Lead Temperature M3 Package Vapor phase (60 seconds) Infrared (15 seconds) ESD Susceptibility Human Body Model (Note 4) Operating Ratings(Notes 1, 3) 20 mA 10 mA Temperature Range Industrial Temperature Range Extended temperature Range Reverse Current LM4050-2.5 LM4050-4.1 LM4050-5.0 LM4050-8.2 LM4050-10.0 280 mW −65˚C to +150˚C +215˚C +220˚C 2 kV (Tmin ≤ TA ≤ Tmax) −40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +85˚C −40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +125˚C 60 68 74 91 100 µA µA µA µA µA to to to to to 15 15 15 15 15 mA mA mA mA mA LM4050-2.5 Electrical Characteristics Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1%, ± 0.2%, and 0.5% respectively. Symbol VR Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Conditions IR = 100 µA Typical LM4050AIM3 LM4050BIM3 LM4050CIM3 (Note 5) Limits Limits LM4050CEM3 (Note 6) (Note 6) Limits (Note 6) 2.500 Reverse Breakdown IR = 100 µA Voltage Tolerance (Note 7) Industrial Temp. Range Devices V ± 2.5 ± 5.0 ± 13 mV (max) ± 11 ± 14 ± 21 mV (max) ± 25 mV (max) Extended Temp. Range Devices IRMIN Minimum Operating Current 41 ∆VR/∆T Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 7) IR = 10 mA ± 20 IR = 1 mA ± 15 IR = 100 µA ± 15 ∆VR/∆IR Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change (Note 8) IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA 0.3 1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 15 mA Units (Limit) µA 60 60 60 µA (max) 65 65 65 µA (max) ppm/˚C ppm/˚C ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ppm/˚C (max) mV 0.8 0.8 0.8 mV (max) 1.2 1.2 1.2 mV (max) 6.0 6.0 6.0 mV (max) 8.0 8.0 8.0 mV (max) 2.3 mV ZR Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz, IAC = 0.1 IR 0.3 Ω eN Wideband Noise IR = 100 µA 41 µVrms ∆VR Reverse Breakdown t = 1000 hrs Voltage Long Term Stability T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C IR = 100 µA 120 ppm 0.7 mV 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz VHYST Output Hysteresis ∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C 3 www.national.com LM4050 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) LM4050 LM4050-4.1 Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range) Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1%, ± 0.2%, and 0.5% respectively. LM4050AIM3 LM4050BIM3 LM4050CIM3 Symbol VR Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Conditions IR = 100 µA Typical (Note 5) Limits Limits Limits (Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6) 4.096 Reverse Breakdown IR = 100 µA Voltage Tolerance (Note 7) IRMIN Units (Limit) Minimum Operating Current V ± 4.1 ± 18 ± 8.2 ± 22 ± 21 ± 34 mV (max) 68 68 68 µA (max) 73 73 73 µA (max) 52 mV (max) µA ∆VR/∆T Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient(Note 7) IR = 10 mA ± 30 ppm/˚C IR = 1 mA ± 20 ppm/˚C IR = 100 µA ± 20 ∆VR/∆IR Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change (Note 8) IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA 0.2 ZR 1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 15 mA Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz, eN Wideband Noise IR = 100 µA ∆VR Reverse Breakdown t = 1000 hrs Voltage Long Term Stability T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C IR = 100 µA VHYST Output Hysteresis ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ppm/˚C (max) 0.9 0.9 0.9 mV (max) 1.2 1.2 1.2 mV (max) 7.0 7.0 7.0 mV (max) 10.0 10.0 10.0 mV (max) mV 2.0 mV 0.5 Ω 93 µVrms 120 ppm 1.148 mV IAC = 0.1 IR 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz www.national.com ∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C 4 LM4050 LM4050-5.0 Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range) Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1%, ± 0.2% and 0.5% respectively. LM4050AIM3 LM4050BIM3 LM4050CIM3 Symbol VR Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Conditions IR = 100 µA Typical (Note 5) Limits Limits (Note 6) (Note 6) Minimum Operating Current Units (Limit) (Note 6) 5.000 Reverse Breakdown IR = 100 µA Voltage Tolerance (Note 7) IRMIN Limits V ± 5.0 ± 22 ± 10 ± 27 ± 25 ± 42 mV (max) 74 74 74 µA (max) 80 80 80 µA (max) 56 mV (max) µA ∆VR/∆T Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 7) IR = 10 mA ± 30 ppm/˚C IR = 1 mA ± 20 ppm/˚C IR = 100 µA ± 20 ∆VR/∆IR Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change (Note 8) IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA 0.2 1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 15 mA ZR Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz, eN Wideband Noise IR = 100 µA ∆VR Reverse Breakdown t = 1000 hrs Voltage Long Term Stability T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 mV 1.0 1.0 1.0 mV (max) 1.4 1.4 1.4 mV (max) 8.0 8.0 8.0 mV (max) 12.0 12.0 12.0 mV (max) 2.0 0.5 ppm/˚C (max) mV Ω Ω (max) IAC = 0.1 IR 93 µVrms 120 ppm 1.4 mV 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz IR = 100 µA VHYST Output Hysteresis ∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C 5 www.national.com LM4050 LM4050-8.2 Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range) Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1% and ± 0.2% and 0.5% respectively. LM4050AIM3 LM4050BIM3 LM4050CIM3 Symbol VR Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Conditions IR = 150 µA Typical (Note 5) Minimum Operating Current Limits Limits (Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6) V ± 8.2 ± 35 ± 16 ± 43 ± 41 ± 68 mV (max) 91 91 91 µA (max) 95 95 95 µA (max) 74 ∆VR/∆T Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient(Note 7) IR = 10 mA IR = 150 µA ± 40 ± 20 ± 20 ∆VR/∆IR Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change (Note 8) IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA 0.6 IR = 1 mA 1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 15 mA ZR Limits 8.192 Reverse Breakdown IR = 150 µA Voltage Tolerance (Note 7) IRMIN Units (Limit) Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz, eN Wideband Noise IR = 150 µA ∆VR Reverse Breakdown t = 1000 hrs Voltage Long Term Stability T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C mV (max) µA ppm/˚C ppm/˚C ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ppm/˚C (max) mV 1.3 1.3 1.3 mV (max) 2.5 2.5 2.5 mV (max) 10.0 10.0 10.0 mV (max) 18.0 18.0 18.0 mV (max) 7.0 mV 0.6 Ω 150 µVrms 120 ppm 2.3 mV IAC = 0.1 IR 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz IR = 150 µA VHYST Output Hysteresis www.national.com ∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C 6 LM4050 LM4050-10.0 Electrical Characteristics (Industrial Temperature Range) Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1% and ± 0.2% and 0.5% respectively. LM4050AIM3 LM4050BIM3 LM4050CIM3 Symbol VR Parameter Reverse Breakdown Voltage Conditions IR = 150 µA Typical (Note 5) Minimum Operating Current Limits Limits (Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6) V ± 10 ± 43 ± 20 ± 53 ± 50 ± 83 mV (max) 100 100 100 µA (max) 103 103 103 µA (max) mV (max) 80 ∆VR/∆T Average Reverse Breakdown Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 7) IR = 10 mA IR = 150 µA ± 40 ± 20 ± 20 ∆VR/∆IR Reverse Breakdown Voltage Change with Operating Current Change (Note 8) IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA 0.8 IR = 1 mA 1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 15 mA ZR Limits 10.00 Reverse Breakdown IR = 150 µA Voltage Tolerance (Note 7) IRMIN Units (Limit) Reverse Dynamic Impedance IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz, eN Wideband Noise IR = 150 µA ∆VR Reverse Breakdown t = 1000 hrs Voltage Long Term Stability T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C µA ppm/˚C ppm/˚C ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ppm/˚C (max) mV 1.5 1.5 1.5 mV (max) 3.5 3.5 3.5 mV (max) 12.0 12.0 12.0 mV (max) 23.0 23.0 23.0 mV (max) 8.0 mV 0.7 Ω 150 µVrms 120 ppm 2.8 mV IAC = 0.1 IR 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz IR = 150 µA VHYST Output Hysteresis ∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. Note 2: If parts are exposed to temperatures outside the specific operating temperature range, the output may shift due to hysteresis. Note 3: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (junction to ambient thermal resistance), and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PDmax = (TJmax − TA)/θJA or the number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For the LM4050, TJmax = 125˚C, and the typical thermal resistance (θJA), when board mounted, is 326˚C/W for the SSOT-23 package. Note 4: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged directly into each pin. Note 5: Typicals are at TJ = 25˚C and represent most likely parametric norm. Note 6: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. The limits are used to calculate National’s AOQL. Note 7: The boldface (over-temperature) limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance ± [(∆V R/∆T)(max∆T)(VR)]. Where, ∆VR/∆T is the VR temperature coefficient, max∆T is the maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of 25˚C to T MIN or TMAX, and VR is the reverse breakdown voltage. The total over-temperature tolerance for the different grades in the industrial temperature range where max∆T = 65˚C is shown below: A-grade: ± 0.425% = ± 0.1% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C B-grade: ± 0.525% = ± 0.2% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C C-grade: ± 0.825% = ± 0.5% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C Therefore, as an example, the A-grade LM4050-2.5 has an over-temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerance of ± 2.5V x 0.425% = ± 11 mV. Note 8: Load regulation is measured on pulse basis from no load to the specified load current. Output changes due to die temperature change must be taken into account separately. 7 www.national.com LM4050 Typical Performance Characteristics Output Impedance vs Frequency Output Impedance vs Frequency DS101045-10 Reverse Characteristics and Minimum Operating Current DS101045-11 Noise Voltage vs Frequency DS101045-12 DS101045-13 Thermal Hysteresis DS101045-29 www.national.com 8 LM4050 Start-Up Characteristics LM4050-2.5 RS = 30k LM4050-10.0 RS = 30k DS101045-5 DS101045-7 LM4050-5.0 RS = 30k DS101045-8 DS101045-9 Functional Block Diagram DS101045-14 9 www.national.com LM4050 Applications Information The LM4050 is a precision micro-power curvature-corrected bandgap shunt voltage reference. For space critical applications, the LM4050 is available in the sub-miniature SSOT-23 surface-mount package. The LM4050 has been designed for stable operation without the need of an external capacitor connected between the “+” pin and the “−” pin. If, however, a bypass capacitor is used, the LM4050 remains stable. Reducing design effort is the availability of several fixed reverse breakdown voltages: 2.500V, 4.096V, 5.000V, 8.192V, and 10.000V. The minimum operating current increases from 60 µA for the LM4050-2.5 to 100 µA for the LM4050-10.0. All versions have a maximum operating current of 15 mA. LM4050s in the SSOT-23 packages have a parasitic Schottky diode between pin 2 (−) and pin 3 (Die attach interface contact). Therefore, pin 3 of the SSOT-23 package must be left floating or connected to pin 2. The 4.096V version allows single +5V 12-bit ADCs or DACs to operate with an LSB equal to 1 mV. For 12-bit ADCs or DACs that operate on supplies of 10V or greater, the 8.192V version gives 2 mV per LSB. In a conventional shunt regulator application (Figure 1) , an external series resistor (RS) is connected between the supply voltage and the LM4050. RS determines the current that flows through the load (IL) and the LM4050 (IQ). Since load current and supply voltage may vary, RS should be small enough to supply at least the maximum guaranteed IRMIN www.national.com (spec. table) to the LM4050 even when the supply voltage is at its minimum and the load current is at its maximum value. When the supply voltage is at its maximum and IL is at its minimum, RS should be large enough so that the current flowing through the LM4050 is less than 15 mA. RS is determined by the supply voltage, (VS), the load and operating current, (IL and IQ), and the LM4050’s reverse breakdown voltage, VR. Typical Applications DS101045-15 FIGURE 1. Shunt Regulator 10 LM4050 Typical Applications (Continued) DS101045-16 **Ceramic monolithic *Tantalum FIGURE 2. LM4050-4.1’s Nominal 4.096 breakdown voltage gives ADC12451 1 mV/LSB 11 www.national.com LM4050 Typical Applications (Continued) DS101045-17 FIGURE 3. Bounded amplifier reduces saturation-induced delays and can prevent succeeding stage damage. Nominal clamping voltage is ± 11.5V (LM4050’s reverse breakdown voltage +2 diode VF). DS101045-18 FIGURE 4. Protecting Op Amp input. The bounding voltage is ± 4V with the LM4050-2.5 (LM4050’s reverse breakdown voltage + 3 diode VF). www.national.com 12 LM4050 Typical Applications (Continued) DS101045-19 FIGURE 5. Precision ± 4.096V Reference DS101045-22 DS101045-21 FIGURE 6. Precision 1 µA to 1 mA Current Sources 13 www.national.com LM4050 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted Plastic Surface Mount Package (M3) NS Package Number MF03A (JEDEC Registration TO-236AB) LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Tel: 1-800-272-9959 Fax: 1-800-737-7018 Email: [email protected] www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: [email protected] Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: [email protected] National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.