GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Description Features The GM432 is a low-voltage three-terminal adjustable precision shunt regulator with specified thermal stability over full temperature range. Output voltage can be set to any value from Vref (1.24V) to 16V by using two external resistors. The active output circuitry provides a very unique turn-on characteristic, making them excellent replacements for zener diodes in many applications such as onboard regulation and adjustable power supplies. In a wide range of home applications, these versatile darlings are ideal voltage references for 3.0V to 3.3V switching power suppliers. GM432 is available in SOT23, TO92 and SOT89 packages. Low-voltage operation, down to 1.24V 0.5%, and 1% reference voltage tolerance Adjustable output voltage, from Vref to 16V Sink Current Capability 80μA to 100mA Low dynamic output impedance, 0.05W typical Wide temperature range, 0° to +70°C Application z Switching power supplies z Battery-operated computers, z Linear regulators z PDA's portable devices z Adjustable supplies z Monitors, TV's, camcorders z Instrumentation z Computer disk drives Logic Symbol Block Diagram Cathode Reference Reference Cathode 1.24V Anode www.gammamicro.com.tw GM432V2.00 Anode 1 GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Marking Information and Pin Configurations (Top View) SOT23 TO92 Anode 2 432g YWW BBgYW 1 Ref SOT89 432g AYWW Ref 1 3 Cathode Ref 1 2 3 Cathode 3 Cathode 2 Anode Anode BB: Product code g: Grade Code (A: 0.5%, B: 1.0%) A: Assembly/Test Site Code Y: Year W: Week code WW: Week Ordering Information GM432V2.00 Ordering Number 2 Precision Device Code Grade Package Shipping GM432AT92BG 0.5% A TO-92 1,000 Units/Anti-ESD Bag GM432AT92RLG 0.5% A TO-92 2,000 Units/Ammo Pack (Tape) GM432AST23RG 0.5% A SOT-23 3,000 Units/Tape & Reel GM432AST89RG 0.5% A SOT-89 1,000 Units/Tape & Reel GM432AT92BG 1.0% B TO-92 1,000 Units/Anti-ESD Bag GM432AT92RLG 1.0% B TO-92 2,000 Units/Ammo Pack (Tape) GM432AST23RG 1.0% B SOT-23 3,000 Units/Tape & Reel GM432AST89RG 1.0% B SOT-23 3,000 Units/Tape & Reel BBA BBB GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Absolute Maximum Ratings PARAMETER Cathode Voltage Continuous Cathode Current Range Reference Input Current Range Power Dissipation at TA = 25°C SOT-23 TO-92 SOT-89 Package Thermal Resistance SOT23 TO92 SOT89 Operating Ambient Temperature Range Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (soldering 10 sec.) SYMBOL RATINGS UNITS VKA IK IREF 20 100 3mA V mA PD 0.23 0.78 0.8 W 336 132 132 0 - 70 - 65 to 150 260 θJA TA °C/W °C °C °C Recommended Operating Conditions PARAMETER Cathode Voltage Cathode Current SYMBOL Min Max VKA IK VREF 80μA 16V 100mA Equivalent Schematics Cathode 800 800 20pF Reference 3.28K 4K 10k 7.2K 1K Anode GM432V2.00 2.4K 20pF 3 GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Electrical Characteristics (TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified) Parameter Reference Voltage Symbol GM432A GM432B VREF Deviation over Temperature Condition Min Typ Max VREF VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA, Test circuit 1 1.234 1.240 1.246 1.228 1.240 1.252 VREF(DEV) VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA, TA = 0 to 70°C 10 25 Unit V mV Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA ΔVREF/ΔVKA Reference Input Current IREF IK = 10mA, R1 = 10K, R2 = ∞ Test circuit 2 0.15 0.5 µA IREF Deviation over Temperature VREF(DEV) IK = 10mA, R1 = 10K, R2 = ∞ TA =Full range, Test circuit 2 0.1 0.4 µA Minimum Cathode Current IK(MIN) VKA = VREF Test circuit 1 20 80 µA VKA = 6V, VREF = 0V Test circuit 3 0.125 0.150 VKA = 16V, VREF = 0V Test circuit 3 0.135 0.150 VKA = VREF, IK = 1mA to 10mA, f ≤1kHz, Test circuit 1 0.05 0.15 Off-state cathode Current IK(OFF) Dynamic Impedance |ZKA| IK = 10mA ΔVKA = 16V to VREF -2.7 -1.0 mV/V µA Ω Test Circuits VIN VKA IK VIN VKA VREF GM432V2.00 VREF 4 Test Circuit 1 VKA = VREF IK R1 R2 VIN VKA IK(OFF) IREF VREF Test Circuit 2 VKA > VREF Test Circuit 3 Off-State GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Applications Note 1. Set V O U T according to the follow equation: V O U T = V R E F x(1+R1/R2)+I R E F xR1 2. Select proper R z The maximum limit for R should be such that the cathode current I K is greater than the minimum operating current (80A) at VIN(MIN) z The minimum limit for R should be such that the cathode current, I K does not exceed 100mA under all load conditions, and the instantaneous turn-on value for I K does not exceed 150mA. Typical Applications VOUT Figure 1. Shunt Regulator Figure 2. High Current Shunt Regulator Figure 3. Output Control for a Three Terminal Fixed Regulator Figure 4. Series Pass Regulator GM432V2.00 VIn 5 GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS GM432V2.00 Typical Applications 6 Figure 5. Constant Current Source Figure 6. Constant Current Sink Figure 7. TRIAC Crowbar Figure 8. SRC Crowbar GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Figure 9. Cathode Current vs Cathode Voltage Figure 10. Cathode Current vs Cathode Voltage Figure 11. Ref Voltage vs. Junction Temperature Figure 12. Ref Input Current vs. Junction Temperature GM432V2.00 Typical Characteristics 7 GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Stability Boundary Conditions When using the GM432 as a shunt regulator, the stability could be optimized by setting CL either (1) no load capacitance across the GM432, decouple at the load; or (2) large capacitance across the GM432, optional decoupling at the load. The GM432 can become unstable with capacitances of approximately 10nF to 1μF when cathode current is less than 3mA or so, with instability increasing as cathode current is reduced. For example, cathode current of 10mA with a 0.1μF capacitor across it, it can oscillate transiently as the cathode current rises through the region of instability. To avoid this problem completely, simply eliminate the capacitor or select a very low or very high (e.g. 10μF) capacitor CL. Since you will probably want local decoupling at the load, the best idea is to use no capacitance across the device. Just the resistance and capacitance of the PCB traces will prevent local load decoupling from causing GM432V2.00 transient oscillation during start-up. 8 * Stability boundary condition test shows that tantalum capacitors are recommended to minimize the conditions that may cause the device to oscillate. GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Small Signal Gain and Phase Figure 14. Test Circuit – Small Signal Gain and Phase Figure 13. Small Signal Voltage Gain/Phase Margin vs. Frequency Package Outline Dimensions – SOT 23 0.110 - 0.120 (2.80 - 3.04) 0.003 - 0.007 (0.08 - 0.18) 0.013 - 0.017 (0.34 - 0.44) 0.013 - 0.017 (0.34 - 0.44) 0.083 - 0.104 (2.11 - 2.62) 0.047 - 0.055 (1.20 - 1.40) 0 - 8 typ 0.0150 - 0.0200 (0.382 - 0.508) 0.037 (0.93) Typ. 0.0005 - 0.0040 (0.025 - 0.102) GM432V2.00 0.075 Typ. (1.91) 9 GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Package Outline Dimensions – SOT 89 0.173 - 0.181 (4.39 - 4.59) 0.061 REF (1.550 REF) 0.084 - 0.090 (2.13 - 2.28) 0.155 - 0.167 (3.94 - 4.24) 0.055 - 0.063 (1.39 - 1.60) 0.014 - 0.017 (0.35 - 0.43) 0.090 - 0.102 (2.28 - 2.59) 8 0.035 - 0.047 (0.89 - 1.19) 0.016 - 0.023 (0.400 - 0.580) 0.013 - 0.021 (0.320 - 0.520) 0.059 BSC (1.49) BSC 0.118 BSC (2.99) BSC Package Outline Dimensions – TO 92 3.85 - 4.19 4.7 - 5.2 4.9 - 5.2 12.7 - 14.2 0.4 - 0.55 Typ. 1.22 - 1.32 GM432V2.00 2.10 - 2.27 10 Dimensions are in millimeters GM432 1.24V ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS Ordering Number GM 432 APM Gamma Micro Circuit Type A ST23 R Output Accuracy Package Type Shipping Type A: 0.5% B: 1.0% T92: TO-92 ST23:SOT-23 ST89: SOT-89 B: Bag RL: Ammo Pack (Tape) T: Tube R: Tape & Reel G G:Green Note: Pb-free products: ♦ RoHS compliant and compatible with the current require-ments of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020. ♦ Suitable for use in Pb-free soldering processes with 100% matte tin (Sn) plating. ♦ Lead-free (RoHS compliant) ♦ Halogen free(Br or Cl does not exceed 900ppm by weight in homogeneous material and total of Br and Cl does not exceed 1500ppm by weight) GM432V2.00 Green products: 11