LMC7215/LMC7225 Micro-Power, Rail-to-Rail CMOS Comparators with Push-Pull/Open-Drain Outputs and TinyPak™ Package General Description Features The LMC7215/LMC7225 are ultra low power comparators with a maximum of 1 µA power supply current. They are designed to operate over a wide range of supply voltages, from 2V to 8V. The LMC7215/LMC7225 have a greater than rail-to-rail common mode voltage range. This is a real advantage in single supply applications. The LMC7215 features a push-pull output stage. This feature allows operation with absolute minimum amount of power consumption when driving any load. The LMC7225 features an open drain output. By connecting an external resistor, the output of the comparator can be used as a level shifter to any desired voltage to as high as 15V. The LMC7215/LMC7225 are designed for systems where low power consumption is the critical parameter. Guaranteed operation over the full supply voltage range of 2.7V to 5V and rail-to-rail performance makes this comparator ideal for battery-powered applications. (Typical unless otherwise noted) n Ultra low power consumption 0.7 µA n Wide range of supply voltages 2V to 8V n Input common-mode range beyond V+ and V− n Open collector and push-pull output n High output current drive: (@ VS = 5V) 45 mA n Propagation delay (@ VS = 5V, 10 mV overdrive) 25 µs n Tiny 5-Pin SOT23 package n Latch-up resistance > 300 mA Applications n n n n n n n Laptop computers Mobile phones Metering systems Hand-held electronics RC timers Alarm and monitoring circuits Window comparators, multivibrators Connection Diagrams 5-Pin SOT23 8-Pin SOIC 01285302 Top View 01285301 Top View TinyPak™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 2006 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012853 www.national.com LMC7215/LMC7225 Micro-Power, Rail-to-Rail CMOS Comparators with Push-Pull/Open-Drain Outputs and TinyPak Package September 2006 LMC7215/LMC7225 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Lead Temperature If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Storage Temperature Range ESD Tolerance (Note 2) 2 kV Differential Input Voltage V+ +0.3V, V− −0.3V Voltage at Input/Output Pin V+ +0.3V, V− −0.3V Supply Voltage (V+–V−) (soldering, 10 sec) Junction Temperature (Note 4) Current at Power Supply Pin 2V ≤ VCC ≤ 8V Supply Voltage Temperature Range(Note 4) ± 5 mA ± 30 mA Current at Input Pin 150˚C Operating Ratings(Note 1) 10V Current at Output Pin (Note 3) 260˚C −65˚C to +150˚C LMC7215IM, LMC7225IM −40˚C to +85˚C Package Thermal Resistance (θJA) 40 mA 8-Pin SOIC 165˚C/W 5-Pin SOT23 325˚C/W 2.7V to 5V Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V to 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = VO = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol VOS TCVOS Parameter Conditions Input Offset Voltage Typ LMC7215 LMC7225 (Note 5) Limit Limit (Note 6) (Note 6) 6 6 mV 8 8 max 1 Input Offset Voltage 2 Units µV/˚C Average Drift IB Input Current 5 fA IOS Input Offset Current 1 fA CMRR Common Mode (Note 7) 80 60 60 Rejection Ratio PSRR Power Supply V+ = 2.2V to 8V 90 60 60 Rejection Ratio Voltage Gain CMVR Input Common-Mode V+ = 2.7V Voltage Range CMRR > 50 dB 140 3.0 V+ = 2.7V 2.9 V 2.7 2.7 min 0.0 0.0 V 0.2 0.2 max 5.3 5.2 5.2 V 5.0 5.0 min −0.3 −0.2 −0.2 V 0.0 0.0 max 1.8 NA −0.2 V+ = 5.0V CMRR > 50 dB V+ = 5.0V CMRR > 50 dB V+ = 2.2V 2.05 IOH = 1.5 mA 1.7 V+ = 2.7V 2.05 IOH = 2.0 mA 4.8 IOH = 4.0 mA Output Voltage Low V+ = 2.2V V+ = 2.7V V+ = 5.0V 0.4 0.17 0.2 IOH = 4.0 mA www.national.com 4.6 0.17 IOH = 2.0 mA Output Short Circuit NA V+ = 2.7V, Sourcing 15 2 V min NA 4.5 IOH = 1.5 mA ISC+ 2.3 V min 2.2 V+ = 5.0V VOL dB 2.9 CMRR > 50 dB Output Voltage High dB min AV VOH dB min V min 0.4 V 0.5 0.5 max 0.4 0.4 V 0.5 0.5 max 0.4 0.4 V 0.5 0.5 max NA mA (Continued) Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 2.7V to 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = VO = V+/2. Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes. Symbol ISC− ILeakage Parameter Conditions Typ LMC7215 LMC7225 (Note 5) Limit Limit (Note 6) (Note 6) Units Current (Note 10) V+ = 5.0V, Sourcing 50 Output Short Circuit V+ = 2.7V, Sinking 12 mA 30 mA + Current (Note 10) V = 5.0V, Sinking Output Leakage Current V+ = 2.2V NA mA nA VIN+ = 0.1V, VIN− = 0V, 0.01 NA 500 max VOUT = 15V IS Supply Current V+ = 5.0V 0.7 VIN+ = 5V, VIN− = 0V 1 1 µA 1.2 1.2 max AC Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, TJ = 25˚C, V+ = 5V, V− = 0V, VCM = V+/2 Symbol Parameter Conditions LMC7215 LMC7225 Typ Typ Units (Note 5) (Notes 5, 8) trise Rise Time Overdrive = 10 mV (Note 8) 1 12.2 µs tfall Fall Time Overdrive = 10 mV (Note 8) 0.4 0.35 µs tPHL Propagation Delay (Notes 8, 9) Overdrive = 10 mV 24 24 µs Overdrive = 100 mV 12 12 (High to Low) tPLH Propagation Delay V+ = 2.7V Overdrive = 10 mV 17 17 (Notes 8, 9) Overdrive = 100 mV 11 11 (Notes 8, 9) Overdrive = 10 mV 24 29 Overdrive = 100 mV 12 17 V+ = 2.7V Overdrive = 10 mV 17 22 (Notes 8, 9) Overdrive = 100 mV 11 16 (Low to High) µs µs µs Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC) Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC). Note 3: Applies to both single-supply and split-supply operation. Continuous short circuit operation at elevated ambient temperature can result in exceeding the maximum allowed junction temperature of 150˚C. Note 4: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) − TA)/θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board. Note 5: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material. Note 6: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis. Note 7: CMRR measured at VCM = 0V to 2.5V and 2.5V to 5V when VS = 5V, VCM = 0.2V to 1.35V and 1.35V to 2.7V when VS = 2.7V. This eliminates units that have large VOS at the VCM extremes and low or opposite VOS at VCM = VS/2. Note 8: All measurements made at 10 kHz. A 100 kΩ pull-up resistor was used when measuring the LMC7225. CLOAD = 50 pF including the test jig and scope probe. The rise times of the LMC7225 are a function of the R-C time constant. Note 9: Input step voltage for the propagation measurements is 100 mV. Note 10: Do not short the output of the LMC7225 to voltages greater than 10V or damage may occur. 3 www.national.com LMC7215/LMC7225 2.7V to 5V Electrical Characteristics LMC7215/LMC7225 Typical Performance Characteristics TA= 25˚C unless otherwise specified Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Prop Delay vs. VSUPPLY 01285303 01285312 Prop Delay vs. Overdrive Short Circuit Current vs. VSUPPLY 01285314 01285313 Output Voltage vs. Output Current LMC7215 Output Voltage vs. Output Current 01285315 www.national.com 01285316 4 Output Voltage vs. Output Current LMC7215 LMC7215/LMC7225 Typical Performance Characteristics TA= 25˚C unless otherwise specified (Continued) Output Voltage vs. Output Current 01285318 01285317 Output Leakage Current vs. Output Voltage LMC7225 Output Leakage Current vs. Output Voltage LMC7225 01285319 01285320 5 www.national.com LMC7215/LMC7225 Application Information INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE The LMC7215/25 have input voltage ranges that are larger than the supply voltage guarantees that signals from other parts of the system cannot overdrive the inputs. This allows sensing supply current by connecting one input directly to the V+ line and the other to the other side of a current sense resistor. The same is true if the sense resistor is in the ground return line. RESPONSE TIME Depending upon the amount of overdrive, the delay will typically be between 10 µs to 200 µs. The curve showing delay vs. overdrive in the “Typical Characteristics” section shows the delay time when the input is preset with 100 mV across the inputs and then is driven the other way by 1 mV to 500 mV. The transition from high to low or low to high is fast. Typically 1 µs rise and 400 ns fall. Sensing supply voltage is also easy by connecting one input directly to the supply. The inputs of these comparators are protected by diodes to both supplies. This protects the inputs from both ESD as well as signals that greatly exceed the supply voltages. As a result, current will flow through these forward biased diodes whenever the input voltage is more than a few hundred millivolts larger than the supplies. Until this occurs, there is essentially no input current. As a result, placing a large resistor in series with any input that may be exposed to large voltages, will limit the input current but have no other noticeable effect. With a small signal input, the comparators will provide a square wave output from sine wave inputs at frequencies as high as 25 kHz. Figure 1 shows a worst case example where a ± 5 mV sine wave is applied to the input. Note that the output is delayed by almost 180˚. If the input current is limited to less than 5 mA by a series resistor, (see Figure 2), a threshold or zero crossing detector, that works with inputs from as low as a few millivolts to as high as 5,000V, is made with only one resistor and the comparator. INPUTS As mentioned above, these comparators have near zero input current. This allows very high resistance circuits to be used without any concern for matching input resistances. This also allows the use of very small capacitors in R-C type timing circuits. This reduces the cost of the capacitors and amount of board space used. CAPACITIVE LOADS The high output current drive allows large capacitive loads with little effect. Capacitive loads as large as 10,000 pF have no effect upon delay and only slow the transition by about 3 µs. 01285304 FIGURE 1. NOISE OUTPUT CURRENT Even though these comparators use less than 1 µA supply current, the outputs are able to drive very large currents. The LMC7215 can source up to 50 mA when operated on a 5V supply. Both the LMC7215 and LMC7225 can sink over 20 mA. (See the graph of Max IO vs. VSUPPLY in the “Typical Characteristics” section.) This large current handling ability allows driving heavy loads directly. LEDs, beepers and other loads can be driven easily. The push-pull output stage of the LMC7215 is a very important feature. This keeps the total system power consumption to the absolute minimum. The only current consumed is the less than 1 µA supply current and the current going directly into the load. No power is wasted in a pull-up resistor when the output is low. The LMC7225 is only recommended where a level shifting function from one logic level to another is desired, where the LMC7225 is being used as a drop-in lower power replacement for an older comparator or in circuits where more than one output will be paralleled. Most comparators have rather low gain. This allows the output to spend time between high and low when the input signal changes slowly. The result is the output may oscillate between high and low when the differential input is near zero. The exceptionally high gain of these comparators, 10,000 V/mV, eliminates this problem. Less then 1 µV of change on the input will drive the output from one rail to the other rail. If the input signal is noisy, the output cannot ignore the noise unless some hysteresis is provided by positive feedback. 01285305 FIGURE 2. www.national.com 6 LMC7215/LMC7225 Application Information (Continued) POWER DISSIPATION The large output current ability makes it possible to exceed the maximum operating junction temperature of 85˚C and possibly even the absolute maximum junction temperature of 150˚C. The thermal resistance of the 8-pin SOIC package is 165˚C/W. Shorting the output to ground with a 2.7V supply will only result in about 5˚C rise above ambient. The thermal resistance of the much smaller 5-Pin SOT23 package is 325˚C/W. With a 2.7V supply, the raise is only 10.5˚C but if the supply is 5V and the short circuit current is 50 mA, this will cause a raise of 41˚C in the 8-Pin SOIC and 81˚C in the 5-Pin SOT23. This should be kept in mind if driving very low resistance loads. SHOOT-THROUGH Shoot-through is a common occurrence on digital circuits and comparators where there is a push-pull output stage. This occurs when a signal is applied at the same time to both the N-channel and P-channel output transistors to turn one off and turn the other on. (See Figure 3.) If one of the output devices responds slightly faster than the other, the fast one can be turned on before the other has turned off. For a very short time, this allows supply current to flow directly through both output transistors. The result is a short spike of current drawn from the supply. 01285307 FIGURE 4. RS = 100Ω The LMC7215 produces a small current spike of 300 µA peak for about 400 ns with 2.7V supply and 1.8 mA peak for 400 ns with a 5V supply. This spike only occurs when the output is going from high to low. It does not occur when going from low to high. Figure 4 and Figure 5 show what this current pulse looks like on 2.7V and 5V supplies. The upper trace is the output voltage and the lower trace is the supply current as measured with the circuit in Figure 6 . If the power supply has a very high impedance, a bypass capacitor of 0.01 µF should be more than enough to minimize the effects of this small current pulse. 01285306 FIGURE 3. 01285308 FIGURE 5. RS = 10Ω 7 www.national.com LMC7215/LMC7225 Application Information (Continued) LATCH-UP In the past, most CMOS IC’s were susceptible to a damaging phenomena known as latch-up. This occurred when an ESD current spike or other large signal was applied to any of the pins of an IC. The LMC7215 and LMC7225 both are designed to make them highly resistant to this type of damage. They have passed qualification tests with input currents on any lead up to 300 mA at temperatures up to 125˚C. SPICE MODELS For a SPICE model of the LMC7215, LMC7225 and many other op amps and comparators, contact the NSC Customer Response Center at 800-272-9959 or on the World Wide Web at http://www.national.com/models/index.html. 01285309 FIGURE 6. Ordering Information Package Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing 8-Pin SOIC LMC7215IM LMC7215IM 95 Units/Rail M08A LMC7215IMX 5-Pin SOT23 2.5k Units Tape and Reel LMC7215IM5 C02B 1k Units Tape and Reel LMC7215IM5X MF05A 3k Units Tape and Reel LMC7225IM5 C03B 1k Units Tape and Reel LMC7225IM5X 3k Units Tape and Reel SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification REEL DIMENSIONS 01285310 8 mm Tape Size www.national.com 7.00 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 330.00 1.50 A B 13.00 20.20 55.00 C D N 8 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 0.567 W1+ 0.078/−0.039 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 14.40 W1 + 2.00/−1.00 W1 W2 W3 LMC7215/LMC7225 SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued) TAPE FORMAT Tape Section # Cavities Cavity Status Leader 0 (min) Empty Cover Tape Status Sealed (Start End) 75 (min) Empty Sealed Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed 1000 Filled Sealed Trailer 125 (min) Empty Sealed (Hub End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed TAPE DIMENSIONS 01285311 8 mm Tape Size 0.130 0.124 0.130 0.126 0.138 ± 0.002 0.055 ± 0.004 0.157 0.315 ± 0.012 (3.3) (3.15) (3.3) (3.2) (3.5 ± 0.05) (1.4 ± 0.11) (4) (8 ± 0.3) DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1 DIM W DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo 9 www.national.com LMC7215/LMC7225 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 8-Pin SOIC NS Package Number M08A 5-Pin SOT23 NS Package Number MF05A www.national.com 10 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications. 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