AVAGO ADNS-6000

ADNS-6000
Laser Mouse Sensor
Data Sheet
Description
Applications
The Avago Technologies ADNS-6000 sensor along with
the ADNS-6120 or ADNS-6130-001 lens, ADNS-6230-001
clip and ADNV-6340 laser diode form a complete and
compact laser mouse tracking system. It is world’s first
laser-illuminated laser mouse navigation systems for
corded applications. Enabled with Avago Technologies
LaserStream, It can operate on many surface that prove
difficult for traditional LED-based optical navigation. It’s
high-speed mouse motion - with velocity up to 20 inches
per second and accelerations up to 8g.
• Mice for game consoles and computer games
There is no moving part in the complete assembly for
ADNS-6000 laser mouse system, thus it is high reliabil­ity
and less maintenance for the end user. In additional, precision optical alignment is not required, facilitating high
volume assembly.
• Mice for desktop PC’s, Workstations, and portable
PC’s
• Trackballs
• Integrated input devices
Features
• High speed motion detection – up to 20 ips and 8g
• New LaserStream architecture for greatly improved
optical navigation technology
• Programmable frame rate over 6400 frames per second
• SmartSpeed self-adjusting frame rate for optimum
performance
Theory of Operation
• Serial port burst mode for fast data transfer
The ADNS-6000 is based on LaserStream Technology, which measures changes in position by optically
acquiring sequential images (frames) and mathematically determining the direction and magnitude of
movement.
• 400 or 800 cpi selectable resolution
ADNS-6000 contains an Image Acquisition System (IAS), a
Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and a four wire serial port.
The IAS acquires microscopic surface images via the lens
and illumination system. These images are processed
by the DSP to determine the direction and distance
of motion. The DSP calculates the ∆x and ∆y relative
displacement values. An external microcontroller reads
the ∆x and ∆y information from the sensor serial port.
The microcontroller then translates the data into PS2 or
USB signals before sending them to the host PC or game
console.
• Single 3.3 volt power supply
• Four-wire serial port along with Power Down, and
Reset pins
• Laser fault detect circuitry on-chip for Eye Safety
Compliance
Pinout
Pin Name
Description
1
NCS
Chip select (active low input)
2
MISO
Serial data output (Master In/Slave Out)
3
SCLK
Serial clock input
4
MOSI
5
TOP VIEW
NCS
1
Serial data input (Master Out/Slave In)
MISO
2
NC
No Connection
SCLK
3
6
RESET
Reset input
7
NPD
Power down (active low input)
MOSI
4
8
OSC_OUT
Oscillator output
NC
5
9
GUARD
Oscillator GND for PCB guard (optional)
RESET
6
10
OSC_IN
Oscillator input
NPD
7
11
REFC
Reference capacitor
12
REFB
Reference capacitor
OSC_OUT
8
9
10
13
RBIN
Set XY_LASER current
GUARD
14
XY_LASER
LASER current output
OSC_IN
15
NC
No Connection
16
VDD3
Supply voltage
17
GND
Ground
18
VDD3
Supply voltage
19
GND
Ground
20
LASER_NEN
Laser enable (active low)
A6000
XYYWWZ
PINOUT
Figure 1. Package outline drawing (top view)
20
LASER_NEN
19
GND
18
VDD3
17
GND
16
VDD3
15
NC
14
XY_LASER
13
RBIN
12
REFB
11
REFC
CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly
of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD
A
Figure 2. Package outline drawing
A
SECTION A-A
Notes.
1. Dimensions in millimeters (inches)
2. Dimenstional tolerance: ±0.1 mm
3. Coplanarity of leads: 0.1 mm
4. Lead pitch tolerance: ±0.15 mm
5. Cummulative pitch tolerance. ±0.15 mm
6. Angular tolerance: ±3.0˚
7. Maximum flash +0.2 mm
8. Chamfer (25˚ x 2) on the taper side of the lead
Overview of ADNS-6000 Laser Mouse Assembly
Figure 3. Assembly drawing of ADNS-6000 (top, front and cross-sectional view)
2D Assembly Drawing of ADNS-6000, PCBs and Base Plate
Customer Supplied VCSEL PCB
ADNS-6000 (sensor)
ADNV-6340 (VCSEL)
Customer Supplied PCB
ADNS-6230-001 (clip)
ADNS-6120 (lens)*
Customer Supplied Base Plate
With Recommended Features
Per IGES Drawing
*or ADNS-6130-001 for trim lens
Figure 4. Exploded view drawing
Shown with ADNS-6120 Laser Mouse Lens, ADNS-6230001 VCSEL Assembly Clip and ADNV-6340 VCSEL. The
components interlock as they are mounted onto defined
features on the base plate.
The ADNS-6000 laser mouse sensor is designed for
mounting on a through hole PCB, looking down. There is
an aperture stop and features on the package that align
to the lens.
The ADNV-6340 VCSEL provides a laser diode with a single
longitudinal and a single transverse mode. It is particularly
suited as lower power consumption and highly coherent
replacement of LEDs. It also provides wider operation
range while still remaining within single-mode, reliable
operating conditions.
The ADNS-6120 or ADNS-6130-001 Laser Mouse Lens is
designed for use with ADNS-6000 sensor and the illumination subsystem provided by the VCSEL assembly clip
and the VCSEL. Together with the VCSEL, the ADNS-6120
or ADNS-6130-001 lens provides the directed illumination
and optical imaging necessary for proper operation of
the Laser Mouse Sensor. ADNS-6120 or ADNS-6130-001
is a precision molded optical component and should
be handled with care to avoid scratching of the optical
surfaces. ADNS-6120 has a large round flange to provide
a long creepage path for any ESD events that occur at the
opening of the base plate.
The ADNS-6230-001 VCSEL Assembly Clip is designed to
provide mechanical coupling of the ADNV-6340 VCSEL
to the ADNS-6120 or ADNS-6130-001 lens. This coupling
is essential to achieve the proper illumination alignment
required for the sensor to operate on a wide variety of
surfaces.
Avago Technologies provides an IGES file drawing describing the base plate molding features for lens and PCB
alignment.
Assembly Recommendation
1. Insert the sensor and all other electrical components
into the application PCB (main PCB board and VCSEL
PCB board).
2. Wave solder the entire assembly in a no-wash solder
process utilizing a solder fixture. The solder fixture is
needed to protect the sensor during the solder process.
It also sets the correct sensor-to -PCB distance, as the
lead shoulders do not normally rest on the PCB surface.
The fixture should be designed to expose the sensor
leads to solder while shielding the optical aperture from
direct solder contact.
3. Place the lens onto the base plate.
4. Remove the protective kapton tape from the optical
aperture of the sensor. Care must be taken to keep
contaminants from entering the aperture.
5. Insert the PCB assembly over the lens onto the base
plate. The sensor aperture ring should self-align to the
lens. The optical position reference for the PCB is set
by the base plate and lens. Note that the PCB motion
due to button presses must be minimized to maintain
optical alignment.
Figure 5. Recommended PCB mechanical cutouts and spacing
6. Remove the protective kapton tape from the VCSEL.
7. Insert the VCSEL assembly into the lens.
8. Slide the clip in place until it latches. This locks the VCSEL
and lens together.
9. Tune the laser output power from the VCSEL to meet
the Eye Safe Class I Standard as detailed in the LASER
Power Adjustment Procedure.
10. Install the mouse top case. There must be a feature
in the top case (or other area) to press down onto the
sensor to ensure the sensor and lens are interlocked to
the correct vertical height.
Design considerations for improving ESD Performance
For improved electrostatic discharge performance, typical
creepage and clearance distance are shown in the table
below. Assumption: base plate construction as per the
Avago Technologies supplied IGES file for ADNS-6120
round lens.
Typical Distance
Millimeters
Creepage
12.0
Clearance
2.1
The lens flange can be sealed (i.e. glued) to the base plate.
Note that the lens material is polycarbonate and therefore,
cyanoacrylate based adhesives or other adhesives that
may damage the lens should NOT be used.
VCSEL PCB
SENSOR
LENS
CLIP
BASE PLATE
VCSEL
PCB
Figure 6. Cross section of PCB assembly
25LC160A 16KBit EEPROM (optional )
1
6
VCC
___
WP
____
HLD
SCLK
5
SI
2
S0
C7
4.7
C5
0.1
7
4
8
2
2
6
7
1
1
3
14
C2
0.1
C1
0.1
16
14
8
Vcc
USB Port
VBUS
1
GND
2
D+
3
D-
4
17
16
15
R5
1.30K
13
11
12
P1.3
P1.6
P1.7
D+/SCLK
D-/SDAT
P 0.6
Hi-Z Configuration
P0 .5*
XTALOUT
P0 .4*
P0.2
P0.3
P1.4
P1.5
22
2
23
4
24
R9
3
10 K
7
R1
20K
15
13
Vcc
1
2
QA
QB
SW4
ALPS
EC10E
Scroll wheel encoder
R4 20 K
Figure 7. Schematic Diagram for 3-Button Scroll Wheel USB PS/2 Mouse
5
3
10
9
R3 20 K
R2
20K
Vcc
18
XTALIN/P2.1
GND
7
R10
4
P0.1 2
VPP
6
10 K
P0.0 1
Vreg
C2
0.1
NCS
3
P0 .7* 21
P1.2
18
1
*Outputs configured
as open drain if NOT
using level shifter
USB Microcontroller
19
VDD3
Vcc
6
C6
4.7
4
5
3
10
Vcc
P1.1
C4
0.1
2
GND
9
left
P1.0
3
Gnd
VDD3
right
20
Vin
middle
SW3
5
Vout
74VHC125 Level Shifter
SW2
SW1
3
Vcc
LP2950ACZ-3.3
1
8
Rbin
Selected to
match laser
GND
SCLK
GND
C3
0.1
17
Q2
2N3906
19
MISO
MOSI
RESET
NPD
N/C
N/C
RBIN
ADNS-6000
Buttons
3.3V Regulator
+3.3V
R7 100K
__
CS
REFC
REFB
LASER _NEN
XY_LASER
OSC_IN
GUARD
OSC_OUT
R6
2.7K
11
12
C8
2.2
C9
0.1
C10 to be as close as
possible to VCSEL
D1
VCSEL
C10
470pF
20
14
8
X1
Murata
24 MHz CSALS24MOX53-B0
9
10
Optional
Ground
Plane
Notes (for figure 7)
• Caps for pins 11, 12, 16 and 18 MUST have trace lengths LESS than 5 mm on each side.
• Pins 16 and 18 caps MUST use pin 17 GND.
• Pin 9, if used, should not be connected to PCB GND to reduce potential RF emissions.
• The 0.1 uF caps must be ceramic.
• Caps should have less than 5 nH of self inductance.
• Caps should have less than 0.2 W ESR.
• NC pins should not be connected to any traces.
• Surface mount parts are recommended.
• Care must be taken when interfacing a 5V microcontroller to the ADNS-6000. Serial port inputs on the sensor should be connected to opendrain outputs from the microcontroller or use an active drive level shifter. NPD and RESET should be connected to 5V microcontroller outputs
through a resistor divider or other level shifting technique.
• VDD3 and GND should have low impedance connections to the power supply.
• Because the RBIN pin sets the XY_LASER current, the following PC board layout practices should be followed to reduce the chance of uncontrolled laser drive current caused from a leakage path between RBIN and ground. One hypothetical source of such a leakage path is PC board
contamination due to a liquid, such as a soft drink, being deposited on the printed circuit board.
• The RBIN resistor should be located close to the sensor pin 13. The traces between the resistor and the sensor should be short.
• The pin 13 solder pad and all exposed conductors connected to pin 13 should be surrounded by a guard trace connected to VDD3 and devoid
of a solder mask.
• The pin 13 solder pad, the traces connected to pin 13, and the RBIN resistor should be covered with a conformal coating.
• The RBIN resistor should be a thru-hole style to increase the distance between its terminals. This does not apply if a conformal coating is used.
External PROM
The ADNS-6000 must operate from externally loaded
programming. This architecture enables immediate
adoption of new features and improved performance
algorithms. The external program is supplied by Avago as
a file, which may be burned into a programmable device.
The example application shown in this document uses an
EEPROM to store and load the external program memory.
A micro-controller with sufficient memory may be used
instead. On power-up and reset, the ADNS-6000 program
is downloaded into volatile memory using the burstmode procedure described in the Synchronous Serial Port
section. The program size is 1986 x 8 bits.
OSC_IN
NCS
RESONATOR
OSCILLATOR
MISO
REFB
IMAGE
PROCESSOR
CTRL
RESET
RBIN
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
AND POWER CONTROL
MOSI
Serial Port
SCLK
OSC_OUT
LASER DRIVER
REFC
REFERENCE
VOLTAGE
FILTER NODE
NPD
V DD3
3.3 V POWER
GND
XY_LASER
LASER_NEN
Figure 8. Block diagram of ADNS-6000 optical mouse sensor
LASER Drive Mode
LASER Power Adjustment Procedure
The LASER has 2 modes of operation: DC and Shutter. In
DC mode, the LASER is on at all times the chip is powered
except when in the power down mode via the NPD pin.
In shutter mode the LASER is on only during the portion
of the frame that light is required. The LASER mode is
set by the LASER_MODE bit in the Configuration_bits
register. For optimum product lifetime, Avago Technologies recommends the default Shutter mode setting
(except for calibration and test).
1. The ambient temperature should be 25 °C ± 5°C.
2. Set VDD3 to its permanent value.
3. Ensure that the laser drive is at 100% duty cycle.
4. Program the LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1 registers to achieve
an output power as close to 506uW as possible without
exceeding it.
Bin
Number
Rbin Resistor Value
(kohm)
Match_Bit
(Reg 0x2C, Bit7)
Good engineering practices should be used to guarantee
performance, reliability and safety for the product design.
Avago Technologies has additional information and
detail, such as firmware practices, PCB layout suggestions, and manufacturing procedures and specifications
that could be provided.
2A
18.7
0
LASER Output Power
3A
12.7
0
The laser beam output power as measured at the navigation surface plane is specified below. The following
conditions apply:
Laser Bin Table
Eye Safety
The ADNS-6000 and the associated components in the
schematic of Figure 7 are intended to comply with Class
1 Eye Safety Requirements of IEC 60825-1. Avago Technologies suggests that manufacturers perform testing to
verify eye safety on each mouse. It is also recommended
to review possible single fault mechanisms beyond those
described below in the section “Single Fault Detection”.
Under normal conditions, the ADNS-6000 generates the
drive current for the laser diode (ADNV-6340). In order
to stay below the Class 1 power requirements, resistor
Rbin must be set at least as high as the value in the bin
table of Figure 7, based on the bin number of the laser
diode and LP_CFG0 and LP_CFG1 must be programmed
to appropriate values. Avago Technologies recommends
using the exact Rbin value specified in the bin table
to ensure sufficient laser power for navigation. The
system comprised of the ADNS-6000 and ADNV-6340
is designed to maintain the output beam power within
Class 1 requirements over component manufacturing
tolerances and the recommended temperature range
when adjusted per the procedure below and when
implemented as shown in the recommended application
circuit of Figure 7. For more information, please refer to
Avago Technologies Laser Mouse Eye Safety Calculation
Application Note 5088.
1. The system is adjusted according to the above procedure.
2. The system is operated within the recommended operating temperature range.
3. The VDD3 value is no greater than 50mV above its value
at the time of adjustment.
4. No allowance for optical power meter accuracy is assumed.
Disabling the LASER
LASER_NEN is connected to the base of a PNP transistor
which when ON connects VDD3 to the LASER. In normal
operation, LASER_NEN is low. In the case of a fault
condition (ground at XY_LASER or RBIN), LASER_NEN
goes high to turn the transistor off and disconnect VDD3
from the LASER.
Laser Output Power
Parameter
Symbol
Laser output power
LOP
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Notes
716
uW
Per conditions above
whenever the LP_CFG0 register is written to. This test
will check for a short to ground on the XY_LASER pin, a
short to VDD3 on the XY_LASER pin, and will test the fault
detection circuit on the XY_LASER pin.
Single Fault Detection
ADNS-6000 is able to detect a short circuit, or fault,
condition at the RBIN and XY_LASER pins, which could
lead to excessive laser power output. A low resistance
path to ground on either of these pins will trigger the
fault detection circuit, which will turn off the laser drive
current source and set the LASER_NEN output high. When
used in combination with external components as shown
in the block diagram below, the system will prevent
excess laser power for a single short to ground at RBIN or
XY_LASER by shutting off the laser. Refer to the PC board
layout notes for recommendations to reduce the chance
of high resistance paths to ground existing due to PC
board contamination.
Regulatory Requirements
• Passes FCC B and worldwide analogous emission limits
when assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and
following Avago recommendations.
• Passes IEC-1000-4-3 radiated susceptibility level when
assembled into a mouse with shielded cable and following Avago Technologies’ s recommendations.
• Passes EN61000-4-4/IEC801-4 EFT tests when assembled
into a mouse with shielded cable and following Avago
Technologies’ s recommendations.
In addition to the continuous fault detection described
above, an additional test is executed automatically
• UL flammability level UL94 V-0.
VDD3
Microcontroller
ADNS-6000
LASER
DRIVER
LASER_NEN
VDD3
fault control
block
RESET
LASER
XY_LASER
voltage sense
NPD
current set
GND
RBIN
Figure 9. Single Fault Detection and Eye-safety Feature Block Diagram
VCSEL
VCSEL PCB
VCSEL Clip
Sensor
Sensor PCB
2.40
0.094
Lens
Surface
Figure 10. Distance from lens reference plane to surface
10
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Storage Temperature
TS
-40
85
°C
Operating Temperature
TA
-15
55
°C
260
°C
VDD3
-0.5
3.7
V
2
kV
All pins, human body model MIL 883 Method
3015
VDD3+0.5
V
NPD, NCS, MOSI, SCLK, RESET, OSC_IN,
OSC_OUT, REFC, RBIN
Lead Solder Temp
Supply Voltage
ESD
-0.5
Notes
For 10 seconds, 1.6mm below seating plane.
Input Voltage
VIN
Output current
IOUT
7
mA
MISO, LASER_NEN
Input Current
IIN
15
mA
XY_LASER with RBIN 12.7kOhm
LP_CFG0 = 0x00; LP_CFG1 = 0xFF
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Symbol
Minimum
Operating Temperature
TA
0
Power supply voltage
VDD3
3.10
Power supply rise time
VRT
1
Supply noise
(Sinusoidal)
VNB
Oscillator Frequency
fCLK
Serial Port Clock Frequency
Typical
3.30
Maximum
Units
40
°C
3.60
Volts
Notes
us
0 to 3.0V
30
80
mV p-p
10kHz- 300KHZ
300KHz-50MHz
25
MHz
Set by ceramic
resonator
fSCLK
2
500
MHz
kHz
Active drive, 50% duty cycle
Open drain drive with pull-ups
on, 50 pF load
Resonator Impedance
XRES
55
W
Distance from lens reference plane to surface
Z
2.62
mm
Speed
S
20
in/sec
Acceleration
A
-8
8
g
Frame Rate
FR
500
6469
Frames/s
See Frame_Period register
section
Resistor value for LASER
Drive Current set
Rbin
See Laser Bin Table
kOhms
ADNV-6340 VCSEL
Voltage at XY_LASER
Vxy_laser
0.7
11
23
2.18
24
2.40
VDD3
V
Results in +/- 0.2 mm minimum DOF, see Figure 10
AC Electrical Specifications
Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD3=3.3V, fclk=24MHz.
Parameter
Symbol
VDD to RESET
Data delay after RESET
Max.
Units
Notes
tOP
250
ms
From VDD = 3.0V to RESET sampled
tPU-RESET
180
m
From RESET falling edge to valid motion data at
923 fps and shutter bound 20k.
TIN-RST
550
ms
Power Down
tPD
2.1
ms
Wake from NPD
tPUPD
Input delay after reset
Data delay after NPD
Min.
Typical
tCOMPUTE 180
tCOMPUTE
6.0
10
ms
ms
From RESET falling edge to inputs active (NPD,
MOSI, NCS, SCLK)
From NPD falling edge to initiate the power
down cycle at 500fps (tpd = 1 frame period +
100ms )
From NPD rising edge to valid motion data at
923 fps and shutter bound 20k. Max assumes
surface change while NPD is low
From NPD rising edge to all registers contain data
from new images at 923 fps (See Figure 11).
RESET pulse width
tPW-RESET
ms
MISO rise time
tr-MISO
40
200
ns
CL = 50pF
MISO fall time
tf-MISO
40
200
ns
CL = 50pF
MISO delay after SCLK
tDLY-MISO
120
ns
From SCLK falling edge to MISO data valid, no
load conditions
MISO hold time
thold-MISO
250
ns
Data held until next falling SCLK edge
MOSI hold time
thold-MOSI
200
ns
Amount of time data is valid after SCLK rising
edge
MOSI setup time
tsetup-MOSI
120
ns
From data valid to SCLK rising edge
ms
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to rising SCLK for last bit of the second data byte.
SPI time between write
tSWW
commands
50
SPI time between write
tSWR
and read commands
50
ms
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to rising SCLK for last bit of the second address
byte.
SPI time between
read and subsequent
commands
tSRW
tSRR
250
ns
From rising SCLK for last bit of the first data byte,
to falling SCLK for first bit of the second address
byte.
SPI read address-data
delay
tSRAD
50
ms
From rising SCLK for last bit of the address byte,
to falling SCLK for first bit of data being read. All
registers except Motion & Motion_Burst
SPI motion read address-data delay
tSRAD-MOT
75
ms
From rising SCLK for last bit of the address byte,
to falling SCLK for first bit of data being read.
Applies to 0x02 Motion, and 0x50 Motion_Burst,
registers
NCS to SCLK active
tNCS-SCLK
120
ns
From NCS falling edge to first SCLK rising edge
SCLK to NCS inactive
tSCLK-NCS
120
ns
From last SCLK falling edge to NCS rising edge,
for valid MISO data transfer
NCS to MISO high-Z
tNCS-MISO
ns
From NCS rising edge to MISO high-Z state
10
ms
(See Figure 24 and 25)
4
ms
Time NCS must be held high to exit burst mode
mA
Max supply current during a VDD3 ramp from 0
to 3.6 V
pF
OSC_IN, OSC_OUT
PROM download and
frame capture
byte-to-byte delay
tLOAD
NCS to burst mode exit tBEXIT
Transient Supply Current
IDDT
Input Capacitance
C IN
12
250
68
14-22
DC Electrical Specifications
Electrical Characteristics over recommended operating conditions. Typical values at 25 °C, VDD3=3.3 V.
Parameter
Symbol
DC Supply Current
IDD_AVG
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
Notes
50
mA
DC average at 6469 fps. No DC
load on XY_LASER, MISO.
Power Down Supply
Current
IDDPD
90
mA
NPD=GND; SCLK, MOSI,
NCS=GND or VDD3;
RESET=0V or GND
Input Low Voltage
VIL
0.8
V
SCLK, MOSI, NPD, NCS, RESET
Input High Voltage
VIH
V
SCLK, MOSI, NPD, NCS, RESET
Input hysteresis
VI_HYS
200
mV
SCLK, MOSI, NPD, NCS, RESET
Input current, pull-up
disabled
IIH_DPU
0
±10
mA
Vin=0.8*VDD3, SCLK, MOSI, NCS
Input current, CMOS
inputs
IIH
0
±10
mA
NPD, RESET, Vin=0.8*VDD3
Output current,
pulled-up inputs
IOH_PU
300
600
mA
Vin=0.2V, SCLK, MOSI, NCS; See
bit 2 in Extended_Config register
XY_LASER Current
ILAS
A
Vxy_laser >= 0.7 V
LP_CFG0 = 0x00, LP_CFG1 =
0xFF
XY_LASER Current
(fault mode)
ILAS
500
uA
Rbin < 50 Ohms, or VXY_LASER
<0.2V
Output Low Voltage,
MISO, LASER_NEN
VOL
0.5
V
Iout=2mA, MISO
Iout= 1mA, LASER_NEN
Output High Voltage,
MISO,
LASER_NEN
VOH
V
Iout=-2mA, MISO
Iout= -0.5 mA, LASER_NEN
XY_LASER Current
(no Rbin)
ILAS_NRB
mA
Rbin = open
5
0.7 * VDD3
150
146/Rbin
0.8*VDD3
1
NPD
Reset
Count
Oscillator Start
250 us
Frame
1
340 us
Frame
2
Frame
3
Frame
4
Frame
5
LASER
CURRENT
(shutter mode)
SCLK
590 us
Optional SPI transactions
with old image data
tCOMPUTE = 590us + 5 Frame Periods
Figure 11. NPD Rising Edge Timing Detail
13
“Motion” bit set if
motion was detected.
First read dX = dY = 0
Typical Performance Characteristics
Typical Resolution vs. Z
1000
Black Formica
Resolution (counts/inch)
900
White Melamine
Bookshelf
Manila
Photo Paper
800
Z
700
600
DOF
500
400
DOF
300
200
Recommended Operating Region
100
0
1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3
Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Surface, Z (mm)
Figure 12. Mean Resolution vs. Z at 800cpi
Typical Path Deviation
Largest Single Perpendicular Deviation From A Straight Line At 45 Degrees
Path Length = 4 inches; Speed = 6 ips ; Resolution = 800 cpi
Maximun Distance (mouse count)
50
45
Black Formica
40
35
White Melamine
Bookshelf
Manila
30
Photo Paper
25
20
15
10
5
0
1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3
Distance From Lens Reference Plane To Navigation Surface (mm)
Relationship of mouse count to distance = m (mouse count) / n (cpi)
eg: Deviation of 7 mouse count = 7/800 = 0.00875 inch ~ 0.009 inch; where m = 7, n = 800
Figure 13. Average Error vs. Distance at 800cpi (mm)
Average Supply Current vs. Frame Rate
VDD = 3.6 V
110%
100%
100%
Relative Current
90%
84%
80%
70%
64%
60%
50%
38%
40%
30%
43%
0
2000
4000
Frame Rate (Hz)
Figure 14. Average Supply Current vs. Frame Rate
14
6000
8000
Relative Responsivity for ADNS-6000
1
0.9
Relative responsivity
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
400
500
600
700
Wavelength (nm)
800
900
1000
Figure 15. Relative Responsivity
Synchronous Serial Port
Chip Select Operation
The synchronous serial port is used to set and read parameters in the ADNS-6000, and to read out the motion
information. The serial port is also used to load PROM
data into the ADNS-6000.
The serial port is activated after NCS goes low. If NCS
is raised during a transaction, the entire transaction is
aborted and the serial port will be reset. This is true
for all transactions including PROM download. After a
transaction is aborted, the normal address-to-data or
transaction-to-transaction delay is still required before
beginning the next transaction. To improve communication reliability, all serial transactions should be framed by
NCS. In other words, the port should not remain enabled
during periods of non-use because ESD and EFT/B events
could be interpreted as serial communication and put
the chip into an unknown state. In addition, NCS must
be raised after each burst-mode transaction is complete
to terminate burst-mode. The port is not available for
further use until burst-mode is terminated.
The port is a four wire port. The host micro-controller always initiates communication; the ADNS-6000
never initiates data transfers. The serial port cannot be
activated while the chip is in power down mode (NPD
low) or reset (RESET high). SCLK, MOSI, and NCS may be
driven directly by a 3.3V output from a micro-controller,
or they may be driven by an open drain configuration by
enabling on-chip pull-up current sources. The open drain
drive allows the use of a 5V micro-controller without any
level shifting components. The port pins may be shared
with other SPI slave devices. When the NCS pin is high,
the inputs are ignored and the output is tri-stated.
The lines that comprise the SPI port are:
SCLK:
Clock input. It is always generated by the master
(the micro-controller.)
MOSI: Input data. (Master Out/Slave In)
MISO: Output data. (Master In/Slave Out)
NCS:
15
Chip select input (active low). NCS needs to be
low to activate the serial port; otherwise, MISO
will be high Z, and MOSI & SCLK will be ignored.
NCS can also be used to reset the serial port in
case of an error.
Write Operation
Read Operation
Write operation, defined as data going from the microcontroller to the ADNS-6000, is always initiated by the
micro-controller and consists of two bytes. The first byte
contains the address (seven bits) and has a “1” as its MSB
to indicate data direction. The second byte contains
the data. The ADNS-6000 reads MOSI on rising edges of
SCLK.
A read operation, defined as data going from the ADNS6000 to the micro-controller, is always initiated by the
micro-controller and consists of two bytes. The first byte
contains the address, is sent by the micro-controller over
MOSI, and has a “0” as its MSB to indicate data direction.
The second byte contains the data and is driven by the
ADNS-6000 over MISO. The sensor outputs MISO bits on
falling edges of SCLK and samples MOSI bits on every
rising edge of SCLK.
SCLK
NOTE: The 250 ns minimum high state of SCLK is also the
minimum MISO data hold time of the ADNS-6000. Since
the falling edge of SCLK is actually the start of the next
read or write command, the ADNS-6000 will hold the
state of data on MISO until the falling edge of SCLK.
MOSI
t Hold,MOSI
tsetup , MOSI
Figure 16. MOSI Setup and Hold Time
NCS
1
2
1
A
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
11
13
15
14
16
1
2
1
A
SCLK
MOSI
A
6
5
A
4
A
3
A
2
A
A
1
D
0
7
D
6
D
D
5
D
4
D
3
2
D
1
D
0
MISO
MOSI Driven by Micro
Figure 17. Write Operation
NCS
SCLK
Cycle #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
8
9
10
D7
D6
11
12
13
14
D4
D3
D2
15
16
SCLK
MOSI
0
MISO
Figure 18. Read Operation
16
A0
tSRAD delay
D5
D1
D0
6
Required timing between Read and Write Commands
(tsxx)
Burst Mode Operation
Burst mode is a special serial port operation mode which
may be used to reduce the serial transaction time for
three predefined operations: motion read and PROM
download and frame capture. The speed improvement is
achieved by continuous data clocking to or from multiple
registers without the need to specify the register address,
and by not requiring the normal delay period between
data bytes.
There are minimum timing requirements between read
and write commands on the serial port.
SCLK
t HOLD-MISO
t DLY-MISO
MISO
D0
Figure 19. MISO Delay and Hold Time
If the rising edge of the SCLK for the last data bit of the
second write command occurs before the 50 microsecond
required delay, then the first write command may not
complete correctly.
If the rising edge of SCLK for the last address bit of
the read command occurs before the 50 microsecond
required delay, the write command may not complete
correctly.
The falling edge of SCLK for the first address bit of
either the read or write command must be at least 250
ns after the last SCLK rising edge of the last data bit of
the previous read operation. In addition, during a read
operation SCLK should be delayed after the last address
data bit to ensure that the ADNS-6000 has time to prepare
the requested data.
≥ tSWW 50 µs
SCLK
Address
Data
Address
Write Operation
Data
Write Operation
Figure 20. Timing between two write commands
≥t SWR 50 µs
SCLK
Address
Data
Address
Write Operation
Next Read
Operation
Figure 21. Timing between write and read commands
≥t
t
SRAD
SRAD MOT
50 µs for non-motion read
75 µs for register 0x02
tSRW & tSRR >250 ns
SCLK
Address
Data
Read Operation
Figure 22. Timing between read and either write or subsequent read commands
17
Address
Next Read or
Write Operation
Motion Read
Reading the Motion_Burst register activates this mode.
The ADNS-6000 will respond with the contents of
the Motion, Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_Upper,
Shutter_Lower, and Maximum_Pixel registers in that
order. After sending the register address, the microcontroller must wait tSRAD-MOT and then begin reading
data. All 64 data bits can be read with no delay between
bytes by driving SCLK at the normal rate. The data are
latched into the output buffer after the last address bit
is received. After the burst transmission is complete, the
micro-controller must raise the NCS line for at least tBEXIT
to terminate burst mode. The serial port is not available
for use until it is reset with NCS, even for a second burst
transmission.
PROM Download
This function is used to load the Avago Technologiessupplied firmware file contents into the ADNS-6000. The
firmware file is an ASCII text file with each 2-character
byte on a single line.
The following steps activate this mode:
After the first data byte is complete, the PROM or microcontroller must write subsequent bytes by presenting
the data on the MOSI line and driving SCLK at the normal
rate. A delay of at least tLOAD must exist between data
bytes as shown. After the download is complete, the
micro-controller must raise the NCS line for at least tBEXIT
to terminate burst mode. The serial port is not available
for use until it is reset with NCS, even for a second burst
transmission.
Avago Technologies recommends reading the SROM_ID
register to verify that the download was successful. In
addition, a self-test may be executed, which performs a
CRC on the SROM contents and reports the results in a
register. The test is initiated by writing a particular value
to the SROM_Enable register; the result is placed in the
Data_Out register. See those register descriptions for
more details.
Avago Technologies provides the data file for download;
the file size is 1986 data bytes. The chip will ignore any
additional bytes written to the SROM_Load register after
the SROM file.
1. Perform hardware reset by toggling the RESET pin
2. Write 0x1D to register 0x14 (SROM_Enable register)
3. Wait at least 1 frame period
4. Write 0x18 to register 0x14 (SROM_Enable register)
5. Begin burst mode write of data file to register 0x60
(SROM_Load register)
≥ t SRAD-MOT 75 µs
SCLK
Motion_Burst Register Address
Read First Byte
First Read Operation
Read Second Byte
Read Third Byte
Figure 23. Motion burst timing.
exit burst mode
tBEXIT ≥ 4 µs
NCS
SROM_Enable reg write
MOSI
SROM_Enable reg write
address
key data
SROM_Load reg write
address
byte 0
byte 1
byte 1985
address
enter burst
mode
≥1 frame
period
SCLK
tNCS-SCLK
>120ns
≥ 40 µs
tLOAD
≥ 10 µs
tLOAD
≥ 10 µs
≥ 10 µs
soonest to read SROM_ID
Figure 24. PROM Download Burst Mode
18
≥ 100 µs
Frame Capture
This is a fast way to download a full array of pixel values
from a single frame. This mode disables navigation and
overwrites any downloaded firmware. A hardware reset
is required to restore navigation, and the firmware must
be reloaded.
To trigger the capture, write to the Frame_Capture
register. The next available complete 1 2/3 frames (1536
values) will be stored to memory. The data are retrieved
by reading the Pixel_Burst register once using the normal
read method, after which the remaining bytes are clocked
out by driving SCLK at the normal rate. The byte time
must be at least tLOAD. If the Pixel_Burst register is read
before the data is ready, it will return all zeros.
To read a single frame, read a total of 900 bytes. The next
636 bytes will be approximately 2/3 of the next frame.
The first pixel of the first frame (1st read) has bit 6 set to
1 as a start-of-frame marker. The first pixel of the second
partial frame (901st read) will also have bit 6 set to 1. All
other bytes have bit 6 set to zero. The MSB of all bytes is
set to 1. If the Pixel_Burst register is read past the end of
the data (1537 reads and on) , the data returned will be
zeros. Pixel data is in the lower six bits of each byte.
After the download is complete, the micro-controller
must raise the NCS line for at least tBEXIT to terminate
burst mode. The read may be aborted at any time by
raising NCS.
Alternatively, the frame data can also be read one byte at
a time from the Frame_Capture register. See the register
description for more information.
exit burst mode
tBEXIT ≥ 4 µs
NCS
frame capture reg write
MOSI
address
frame capture reg
address
pixel dump reg read
address
data
enter burst
mode
≥ 10 µs
soonest to begin again
SCLK
tNCS-SCLK
>120ns
tCAPTURE
tSRAD ≥ 50 µs
MISO
tLOAD
tLOAD
≥ 10 µs
≥ 10 µs
P0
P0 bit 6 set to 1
P1
all MSB = 1
P899
see note 2
Notes:
1. MSB = 1 for all bytes. Bit 6 = 0 for all bytes except pixel 0 of both frames which has bit 6 = 1 for use as a frame marker.
2. Reading beyond pixel 899 will return the first pixel of the second partial frame.
3. tCAPTURE = 10 s + 3 frame periods.
4. This figure illustrates reading a single complete frame of 900 pixels. An additional 636 pixels from the next frame are available.
Figure 25. Frame capture burst mode timing
19
The pixel output order as related to the surface is shown below.
Cable
Top Xray View of Mouse
Positive Y
LB
RB
Positive X
1
A6000
10
20
11
expanded view of the
surface as viewed
through the lens
last output
899 898 897 896 895 894 893 892 891 890 889 888 887 886 885 884 883 882 881 880 879 878 877 876 875 874 873 872 871 870
869 868 867 866 865 864 863 862 861 860 859 858 857 856 855 854 853 852 851 850 849 848 847 846 845 844 843 842 841 840
839 838
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
etc.
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
first output
Figure 26. Pixel address map (surface referenced)
Error detection and recovery
1. The ADNS-6000 and the micro-controller might get out
of synchronization due to ESD events, power supply
droops or micro-controller firmware flaws. In such a
case, the micro-controller should pulse NCS high for
at least 1 µs. The ADNS-6000 will reset the serial port
(but not the control registers) and will be prepared for
the beginning of a new transmission after the normal
transaction delay.
2. Invalid addresses: Writing to an invalid address will have
no effect. Reading from an invalid address will return
all zeros.
3. Termination of a transmission by the micro-controller
may sometimes be required (for example, due to a
USB suspend interrupt during a read operation). To
accomplish this the micro-controller should raise NCS.
The ADNS-6000 will not write to any register and will
reset the serial port (but not the control registers) and
be prepared for the beginning of future transmissions
after NCS goes low. The normal delays between reads
or writes (tSWW, tswr, tSRAD, tSRAD-mot) are still required
after aborted transmissions.
20
4. The micro-controller can verify success of write operations by issuing a read command to the same address
and comparing written data to read data.
5. The micro-controller can verify the synchronization of
the serial port by periodically reading the product ID
and inverse product ID registers.
6. The microcontroller can read the SROM_ID register to
verify that the sensor is running downloaded PROM
code. ESD or similar noise events may cause the sensor to revert to native ROM execution. If this should
happen, pulse RESET and reload the SROM code.
Notes on Power-up and the serial port
Reset Circuit
The ADNS-6000 does not perform an internal power up
self-reset; the reset pin must be raised and lowered to
reset the chip. This should be done every time power is
applied. During power-up there will be a period of time
after the power supply is high but before any clocks are
available. The table below shows the state of the various
pins during power-up and reset when the RESET pin is
driven high by a micro-controller.
State of Signal Pins After VDD is Valid
Pin
Before
Reset
During Reset
After Reset
SPI pullups
undefined
off
on
(default)
NCS
hi-Z
control
functional
hi-Z control
functional
functional
MISO
driven or
hi-Z
(per NCS)
driven or
hi-Z
(per NCS)
low or hi-Z
(per NCS)
SCLK
undefined
ignored
functional
MOSI
undefined
ignored
functional
XY_LASER
undefined
hi-Z
functional
RESET
functional
high
(externally
driven)
functional
NPD
undefined
ignored
functional
LASER_NEN
undefined
high (off)
functional
Power Down Circuit
The following table lists the pin states during power
down.
The chip is put into the power down (PD) mode by
lowering the NPD input. When in PD mode, the oscillator is stopped but all register contents are retained. To
achieve the lowest current state, all inputs must be held
externally within 200mV of a rail, either ground or VDD3.
The chip outputs are driven low or hi-Z during PD to
prevent current consumption by an external load.
21
State of Signal Pins During Power Down
Pin
NPD low
After wake from PD
SPI pullups
off
pre-PD state
NCS
hi-Z control
functional
functional
MISO
low or hi-Z
(per NCS)
pre-PD state or hi-Z
SCLK
ignored
functional
MOSI
ignored
functional
XY_LASER
high (off )
functional
RESET
functional
functional
NPD
low
(driven externally)
functional
REFC
VDD3
REFC
OSC_IN
low
OSC_IN
OSC_OUT
high
OSC_OUT
LASER_NEN
high (off )
functional
Registers
The ADNS-6000 registers are accessible via the serial port. The registers are used to read motion data and status as
well as to set the device configuration.
Address
Register
Read/Write
Default Value
0x00
Product_ID
R
0x1C
0x01
Revision_ID
R
0x20
0x02
Motion
R
0x20
0x03
Delta_X
R
0x00
0x04
Delta_Y
R
0x00
0x05
SQUAL
R
0x00
0x06
Pixel_Sum
R
0x00
0x07
Maximum_Pixel
R
0x00
0x08
Reserved
0x09
Reserved
0x0a
Configuration_bits
R/W
0x49
0x0b
Extended_Config
R/W
0x08
0x0c
Data_Out_Lower
R
Any
0x0d
Data_Out_Upper
R
Any
0x0e
Shutter_Lower
R
0x85
0x0f
Shutter_Upper
R
0x00
0x10
Frame_Period_Lower
R
Any
0x11
Frame_Period_Upper
R
Any
0x12
Motion_Clear
W
Any
0x13
Frame_Capture
R/W
0x00
0x14
SROM_Enable
W
0x00
0x15
Reserved
0x16
Configuration II
R/W
0x34
0x17
Reserved
0x18
Reserved
0x19
Frame_Period_Max_Bound Lower
R/W
0x90
0x1a
Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper
R/W
0x65
0x1b
Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Lower
R/W
0x7E
0x1c
Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper
R/W
0x0E
0x1d
Shutter_Max_Bound_Lower
R/W
0x20
0x1e
Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper
R/W
0x4E
0x1f
SROM_ID
R
Version dependent
0x20-0x2b
Reserved
0x2c
LP_CFG0
R/W
0x7F
0x2d
LP_CFG1
R/W
0x80
0x2e-0x3c
Reserved
0x3d
Observation
R/W
0x00
0x3e
Reserved
0x3f
Inverse Product ID
R
0xE3
0x40
Pixel_Burst
R
0x00
0x50
Motion_Burst
R
0x00
0x60
SROM_Load
W
Any
22
Product_ID
Address: 0x00
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x1C
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PID7
PID6
PID5
PID4
PID3
PID2
PID1
PID0
Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer
USAGE: This register contains a unique identification assigned to the ADNS-6000. The value in this register does not
change; it can be used to verify that the serial communications link is functional.
Revision_ID
Access: Read
Address: 0x01
Default Value: 0x20
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
RID7
RID6
RID5
RID4
RID3
RID2
RID1
RID0
Data Type: 8-Bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: This register contains the IC revision. It is subject to change when new IC versions are released.
NOTE: The downloaded SROM firmware revision is a separate value and is available in the SROM_ID register.
23
Motion
Address: 0x02
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MOT
Reserved
LP_Valid
OVF
Reserved
Reserved
Fault
RES
Data Type: Bit field.
USAGE: Register 0x02 allows the user to determine if motion has occurred since the last time it was read. If so, then
the user should read registers 0x03 and 0x04 to get the accumulated motion. It also tells if the motion buffers have
overflowed, if fault is detected, and the current resolution setting.
Field Name
Description
MOT
Motion since last report
0 = No motion
1 = Motion occurred, data ready for reading in Delta_X and Delta_Y registers
LP_Valid
This bit is an indicator of complementary value contained in registers 0x2C and 0x2D.
0 = register 0x2C and 0x2D do not have complementary values
1 = register 0x2C and 0x2D contain complementary values
OVF
Motion overflow, DY and/or DX buffer has overflowed since last report
0 = no overflow
1 = overflow has occurred
Fault
Indicates that the RBIN and/or XY_LASER pin is shorted to GND.
0 = no fault detected
1 = fault detected
RES
Resolution in counts per inch (cpi). Resolution values are approximate.
0 = 400
1 = 800
Notes for Motion:
1. Reading this register freezes the Delta_X and Delta_Y register values. Read this register before reading the Delta_X and Delta_Y registers. If
Delta_X and Delta_Y are not read before the motion register is read a second time, the data in Delta_X and Delta_Y will be lost.
2. Avago Technologies RECOMMENDS that registers 0x02, 0x03 and 0x04 be read sequentially. See Motion burst mode also.
3. Internal buffers can accumulate more than eight bits of motion for X or Y. If either one of the internal buffers overflows, then absolute path data
is lost and the OVF bit is set. This bit is cleared once some motion has been read from the Delta_X and Delta_Y registers, and if the buffers are
not at full scale. Since more data is present in the buffers, the cycle of reading the Motion, Delta_X and Delta_Y registers should be repeated
until the motion bit (MOT) is cleared. Until MOT is cleared, either the Delta_X or Delta_Y registers will read either positive or negative full scale.
If the motion register has not been read for long time, at 400 cpi it may take up to 16 read cycles to clear the buffers, at 800 cpi, up to 32 cycles.
Alternatively, writing to the Motion_Clear register (register 0x12) will clear all stored motion at once.
24
Delta_X
Address: 0x03
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
X7
X6
X5
X4
X3
X2
X1
X0
Data Type: Eight bit 2’s complement number.
USAGE: X movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution. Reading clears the
register.
Motion
Delta_X
-128
-127
-2
-1
0
+1
+2
+126
+127
80
81
FE
FF
00
01
02
7E
7F
Delta_Y
Address: 0x04
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Y7
Y6
Y5
Y4
Y3
Y2
Y1
Y0
Data Type: Eight bit 2’s complement number.
USAGE: Y movement is counts since last report. Absolute value is determined by resolution. Reading clears the
register.
Motion
Delta_Y
25
-128
-127
-2
-1
0
+1
+2
+126
+127
80
81
FE
FF
00
01
02
7E
7F
SQUAL
Address: 0x05
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SQ7
SQ6
SQ5
SQ4
SQ3
SQ2
SQ1
SQ0
Data Type: Upper 8 bits of a 10-bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: SQUAL (Surface Quality) is a measure of ¼ of the number of valid features visible by the sensor in the current
frame. Use the following formula to find the total number of valid features.
Number of features = SQUAL register value *4
The maximum SQUAL register value is 169. Since small changes in the current frame can result in changes in SQUAL,
variations in SQUAL when looking at a surface are expected. The graph below shows 700 sequentially acquired SQUAL
values, while a sensor was moved slowly over white paper. SQUAL is nearly equal to zero if there is no surface below
the sensor. SQUAL remains fairly high throughout the Z-height range.
SQUAL Value (White Paper)
At Z=0mm, [email protected]" diameter, Speed-6ips
90
80
SQUAL Value (counts)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1
51
101
151
201
251
301
351 401
Counts
451
501
551
601
651
Figure 27. Squal Values at 800cpi (White Paper)
Mean SQUAL vs. Z (White Paper)
800dpi, [email protected]" diameter, Speed-6ips
120
Avg-3sigma
Avg
Avg+3sigma
SQUAL Vaalue (counts)
100
80
60
40
20
0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
Distance of Lens Reference Plane to Surface, Z (mm)
Figure 28. Mean squal vs. Z (White Paper)
26
0.6
0.8
Pixel_Sum
Address: 0x06
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
AP7
AP6
AP5
AP4
AP3
AP2
AP1
AP0
Data Type: High 8 bits of an unsigned 16-bit integer.
USAGE: This register is used to find the average pixel value. It reports the upper byte of a 16-bit counter which sums
all 900 pixels in the current frame. It may be described as the full sum divided by 256. To find the average pixel value,
use the following formula:
Average Pixel = Register Value * 256 / 900 = Register Value/3.51
The maximum register value is 221 (63 * 900/256 truncated to an integer).
The minimum is 0. The pixel sum value can change on every frame.
Maximum_Pixel
Address: 0x07
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
0
0
MP5
MP4
MP3
MP2
MP1
MP0
Data Type: Six bit number.
USAGE: Maximum Pixel value in current frame. Minimum value = 0, maximum value = 63. The maximum pixel value
can vary with every frame.
Reserved
Address: 0x08
Reserved
Address: 0x09
27
Configuration_bits Address: 0x0a
Access: Read/Write Default Value: 0x49
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
0
LASER_
MODE
Sys Test
RES
1
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE: Register 0x0a allows the user to change the configuration of the sensor. Shown below are the bits, their default
values, and optional values.
Field Name
Description
BIT 7
Must always be zero
LASER_MODE
LASER Shutter Mode
0 = Shutter mode off (LASER always on)
1 = Shutter mode on (LASER only on when illumination is required)
Sys Test
System Tests
0 = no tests
1 = perform all system tests, output 16 bit CRC via Data_Out_Upper and Data_Out_Lower registers.
NOTE: The test will fail if SROM is loaded. Perform a hardware reset before executing this test. Reload
SROM after the test is completed.
NOTE: The test will fail if a laser fault condition exists.
NOTE: Since part of the system test is a RAM test, the RAM and SROM will be overwritten with the
default values when the test is done. If any configuration changes from the default are needed for
operation, make the changes AFTER the system test is run. The system test takes 200ms (@24MHz) to
complete.
NOTE: Do not access the Synchronous Serial Port during system test.
RES
Set the resolution in counts per inch. Resolution values are approximate.
0 = 400
1 = 800
BIT 3
Must always be one
28
Extended_Config Address: 0x0b
Access: Read/Write Default Value: 0x08
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Busy
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
1
Serial_
NPU
NAGC
Fixed_FR
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE: Register 0x0b allows the user to change the configuration of the sensor. Shown below are the bits, their default
values, and optional values.
Field Name
Description
Busy
Read-only bit. Indicates if it is safe to write to one or more of the following registers: Frame_Period_
Max_Bound_Upper and Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Lower Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper and
Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Lower Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper and Shutter_Max_Bound_Lower
After writing to the Frame_Period_Maximum_Bound_Upper register, at least two frames must pass before writing again to any of the above registers. This bit may be used in lieu of a timer since the actual
frame rate may not be known when running in auto mode.
0 = writing to the registers is allowed
1 = do not write to the registers yet
BIT 3
Must always be one
Serial_NPU
Disable serial port pull-up current sources on SCLK, MOSI and NCS
0 = no, current sources are on
1 = yes, current sources are off
NAGC
Disable AGC. Shutter will be set to the value in the Shutter_Maximum_Bound registers.
0 = no, AGC is active
1 = yes, AGC is disabled
Fixed_FR
Fixed frame rate (disable automatic frame rate control). When this bit is set, the frame rate will be
determined by the value in the Frame_Period_Maximum_Bound registers.
0 = automatic frame rate
1 = fixed frame rate
29
Data_Out_Lower Address: 0x0c
Access: Read Default Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DO7
DO6
DO5
DO4
DO3
DO2
DO1
DO0
Data_Out_Upper Address: 0x0d
Access: Read Default Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
DO15
DO14
DO13
DO12
DO11
DO10
DO9
DO8
Data Type: Sixteen bit word
USAGE: Data in these registers come from the system self test or the SROM CRC test. The data can be read out in
either order.
Data_Out_Upper
Data_Out_Lower
System test results:
0xA9
0xD5
SROM CRC Test Result:
0xBE
0xEF
System Test: This test is initiated via the Configuration_Bits register. It performs several tests to verify that the hardware
is functioning correctly. Perform a hardware reset just prior to running the test. SROM contents and register settings
will be lost.
SROM Content: Performs a CRC on the SROM contents. The test is initiated by writing a particular value to the SROM_
Enable register.
30
Shutter_Lower
Address: 0x0e
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x85
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
Shutter_Upper
Address: 0x0f
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
S15
S14
S13
S12
S11
S10
S9
S8
Data Type: Sixteen bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: Units are clock cycles. Read Shutter_Upper first, then Shutter_Lower. They should be read consecutively. The
shutter is adjusted to keep the average and maximum pixel values within normal operating ranges. The shutter value
is checked and automatically adjusted to a new value if needed on every frame when operating in default mode. When
the shutter adjusts, it changes by ± 1/16 of the current value. The shutter value can be set manually by setting the
AGC mode to Disable using the Extended_Config register and writing to the Shutter_Max_Bound registers. Because
the automatic frame rate feature is related to shutter value it may also be appropriate to enable the Fixed Frame Rate
mode using the Extended_Config register.
Shown below is a graph of 700 sequentially acquired shutter values, while the sensor was moved slowly over white
paper.
Shutter Value (White Paper)
At Z=0mm, [email protected]" diameter, Speed-6ips
160
Shutter Value (counts)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
51
101
151
201
251
Figure 29. Shutter Values at 800cpi (White Paper)
31
301
351 401
Counts
451
501
551
601
651
Shutter Value (counts)
Mean Shutter vs. Z (White Paper)
800dpi, [email protected]" diameter, Speed-6ips
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Avg-3sigma
Avg
Avg+3sigma
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Distance from Lens Reference Plane to Surface, Z (mm)
Figure 30. Mean Shutter vs. Z (White Paper)
The maximum value of the shutter is dependent upon the setting in the Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper and Shutter_
Max_Bound_Lower registers.
32
Frame_Period_Lower Address: 0x10
Access: Read Default Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FP7
FP6
FP5
FP4
FP3
FP2
FP1
FP0
Frame_Period_Upper Address: 0x11
Access: Read Default Value: Undefined
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FP15
FP14
FP13
FP12
FP11
FP10
FP9
FP8
Data Type: Sixteen bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: Read these registers to determine the current frame period and to calculate the frame rate. Units are clock
cycles. The formula is
Frame Rate = Clock Frequency/Register value
To read from the registers, read Frame_Period_Upper first followed by Frame_Period Lower. To set the frame rate
manually, disable automatic frame rate mode via the Extended_Config register and write the desired count value to
the Frame_Period_Max_Bound registers.
The following table lists some Frame_Period values for popular frame rates with a 24MHz clock.
Motion_Clear
Address: 0x12
Access: Write
Default Value: Undefined
Data Type: Any.
USAGE: Writing any value to this register will cause the Delta_X, Delta_Y, and internal motion registers to be cleared.
Use this as a fast way to reset the motion counters to zero without resetting the entire chip.
33
Frame_Capture
Address: 0x13
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FC7
FC6
FC5
FC4
FC3
FC2
FC1
FC0
Data Type: Bit field.
USAGE: Writing 0x83 to this register will cause the next available complete 1 2/3 frames of pixel values to be stored
to SROM RAM. Writing to this register is required before using the Frame Capture burst mode to read the pixel values
(see the Synchronous Serial Port section for more details). Writing to this register will stop navigation and cause any
firmware loaded in the SROM to be overwritten. A hardware reset is required to restore navigation, and the firmware
must be reloaded using the PROM Download burst method.
This register can also be used to read the frame capture data. The same data available by reading the Pixel_Burst
register using burst mode is available by reading this register in the normal fashion. The data pointer is automatically
incremented after each read so all 1536 pixel values (1 and 2/3 frames) may be obtained by reading this register 1536
times in a row. Both methods share the same pointer such that reading pixel values from this register will increment
the pointer causing subsequent reads from the Pixel_Burst register (without initiating a new frame dump) to start at
the current pointer location. This register will return all zeros if read before the frame capture data is ready. See the
Frame Capture description in the Synchronous Serial Port section for more information.
This register will not retain the last value written. Reads will return zero or frame capture data.
SROM_Enable
Address: 0x14
Access: Write
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SE7
SE6
SE5
SE4
SE3
SE2
SE1
SE0
Data Type: 8-bit number.
USAGE: Write to this register to start either PROM download or SROM CRC test.
Write 0x1D to this register, wait at least 1 frame period, and write 0x18 to this register before downloading PROM
firmware to the SROM_Load register. The download will not be successful unless this sequence is followed. See the
Synchronous Serial port section for details.
Write 0xA1 to start the SROM CRC test. Wait 7ms plus one frame period, then read result from the Data_Out_Lower
and Data_Out_Upper registers. Navigation is halted and the SPI port should not be used during this test.
Reserved
34
Address: 0x15
Configuration II
Address: 0x16
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x34
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
1
Force_
disable
Reserved
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE: Write to this register
Field Name
Description
BIT 2
Must be set to one
Force_disable
0 = LASER_NEN functions as normal
1 = LASER_NEN output high. May be useful for product test.
Reserved
35
Address: 0x17-0x18
Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Lower
Address: 0x19
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x90
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FBM7
FBM6
FBM5
FBM4
FBM3
FBM2
FBM1
FBM0
Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper
Address: 0x1A
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x65
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FBM15
FBM14
FBM13
FBM13
FBM11
FBM10
FBM9
FBM8
Data Type: 16-bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: This value sets the maximum frame period (the MINIMUM frame rate) which may be selected by the automatic
frame rate control, or sets the actual frame period when operating in manual mode. Units are clock cycles. The formula
is
Frame Rate = Clock Frequency / Register value
To read from the registers, read Upper first followed by Lower. To write to the registers, write Lower first, followed by
Upper. To set the frame rate manually, disable automatic frame rate mode via the Extended_Config register and write
the desired count value to these registers.
Writing to the Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower registers also activates any new values in the following
registers:
• Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower
• Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper and Lower
• Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower
Any data written to these registers will be saved but will not take effect until the write to the Frame_Period_Max_
Bound_Upper and Lower is complete. After writing to this register, two complete frame times are required to
implement the new settings. Writing to any of the above registers before the implementation is complete may put
the chip into an undefined state requiring a reset. The “Busy” bit in the Extended_Config register may be used in lieu
of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. See the Extended_Config register for more details.
The following table lists some Frame_Period values for popular frame rates (clock rate = 24MHz). In addition, the three
bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values:
Frame_Period_Max_Bound ≥ Frame_Period_Min_Bound + Shutter_Max_Bound.
36
Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Lower
Access: Read/Write
Address: 0x1B
Default Value: 0x7E
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FBm7
FBm6
FBm5
FBm4
FBm3
FBm2
FBm1
FBm0
Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper
Access: Read/Write
Address: 0x1C
Default Value: 0x0E
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
FBm15
FBm14
FBm13
FBm13
FBm11
FBm10
FBm9
FBm8
Data Type: 16-bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: This value sets the minimum frame period (the MAXIMUM frame rate) which may be selected by the automatic
frame rate control. Units are clock cycles. The formula is
Frame Rate = Clock Rate / Register value
To read from the registers, read Upper first followed by Lower. To write to the registers, write Lower first, followed by
Upper, then execute a write to the Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower registers. The minimum allowed write
value is 0x0E7E; the maximum is 0xFFFF.
Reading this register will return the most recent value that was written to it. However, the value will take effect only
after a write to the Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower registers. After writing to Frame_Period_Max_
Bound_Upper, wait at least two frame times before writing to Frame_Period_Min_Bound_Upper or Lower again. The
“Busy” bit in the Extended_Config register may be used in lieu of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. See the
Extended_Config register for more details.
In addition, the three bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values:
Frame_Period_Max_Bound ≥ Frame_Period_Min_Bound + Shutter_Max_Bound.
37
Shutter_Max_Bound_Lower
Address: 0x1D
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x20
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SB7
SB6
SB5
SB4
SB3
SB2
SB1
SB0
Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper
Address: 0x1E
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x4E
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SB15
SB14
SB13
SB12
SB11
SB10
SB9
SB8
Data Type: 16-bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: This value sets the maximum allowable shutter value when operating in automatic mode. Units are clock cycles.
Since the automatic frame rate function is based on shutter value, the value in these registers can limit the range of the
frame rate control. To read from the registers, read Upper first followed by Lower. To write to the registers, write Lower
first, followed by Upper, then execute a write to the Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower registers. To set the
shutter manually, disable the AGC via the Extended_Config register and write the desired value to these registers.
Reading this register will return the most recent value that was written to it. However, the value will take effect only
after a write to the Frame_Period_Max_Bound_Upper and Lower registers. After writing to Frame_Period_Max_Bound_
Upper, wait at least two frame times before writing to Shutter_Max_Bound_Upper or Lower again. The “Busy” bit in the
Extended_Config register may be used in lieu of a timer to determine when it is safe to write. See the Extended_Config
register for more details.
In addition, the three bound registers must also follow this rule when set to non-default values:
Frame_Period_Max_Bound ≥ Frame_Period_Min_Bound + Shutter_Max_Bound.
SROM_ID
Address: 0x1F
Access: Read
Default Value: Version dependent
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SR7
SR6
SR5
SR4
SR3
SR2
SR1
SR0
Data Type:8-Bit unsigned integer.
USAGE: Contains the revision of the downloaded Shadow ROM firmware. If the firmware has been successfully downloaded and the chip is operating out of SROM, this register will contain the SROM firmware revision, otherwise it will
contain 0x00.
Note: The IC hardware revision is available by reading the Revision_ID register (register 0x01).
38
LP_CFG0
Address: 0x2C
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x7F
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
Match
LP6
LP5
LP4
LP3
LP2
LP1
LP0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE: This register is used to set the laser current and bin matching parameter. It is to be used together with register
0x2D where register 0x2D must contain the complement of register 0x2C in order for the laser current to be programmed. Writing to this register causes a fault test to be performed on the XY_LASER pin. The test checks for stuck
low and stuck high conditions. During the test, LASER_NEN will be driven high and XY_LASER will pulse high for 12us
and pulse low for 12us (times are typical). Both pins will return to normal operation if no fault is detected.
Field Name
Description
Match
Match the sensor to the VCSEL characteristics. Set per the bin table specification for the
VCSEL bin in use.
LP6 - LP0
Controls the 7 bit DAC for adjusting laser current.
One step is equivalent to (1/192)*100% = 0.5208% drop of relative laser current.
Refer to the table below for example of relative laser current settings.
LP6- LP3
LP2
LP1
LP0
Relative Laser Current
0000
0
0
0
100%
0000
0
0
1
99.48%
0000
0
1
0
98.96%
0000
0
1
1
98.43%
0000
1
0
0
97.92%
:
:
:
:
:
1111
1
0
1
34.90%
1111
1
1
0
34.38%
1111
1
1
1
33.85%
LP_CFG1
Address: 0x2D
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x80
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
LPC7
LPC6
LPC5
LPC4
LPC3
LPC2
LPC1
LPC0
Data Type: 8-bit unsigned integer
USAGE: The value in this register must be a complement of register 0x2C for laser current to be as programmed,
otherwise the laser current is set to 33.85%. Registers 0x2C and 0x2D may be written in any order after power ON
reset or SROM download.
39
Reserved
Address: 0x2f-0x3C
Observation
Address: 0x3D
Access: Read/Write
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
OB7
Reserved
OB5
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
OB1
OB0
Data Type: Bit field
USAGE: Each bit is set by some process or action at regular intervals, or when the event occurs. The user must clear
the register by writing 0x00, wait an appropriate delay, and read the register. The active processes will have set their
corresponding bit(s). This register may be used as part of a recovery scheme to detect a problem caused by EFT/B
or ESD.
Field Name
Description
OB7
0 = Chip is not running SROM code
1 = Chip is running SROM code
OB5
0 = NPD pulse was not detected
1 = NPD pulse was detected
OB1
Set once per frame
OB0
Set once per frame
Reserved
Address: 0x3E
Inverse_Product_ID
Address: 0x3F
Access: Read
Default Value: 0xE3
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
NPID7
NPID6
NPID5
NPID4
NPID3
NPID2
NPID1
NPID0
Data Type: Inverse 8-Bit unsigned integer
USAGE: This value is the inverse of the Product_ID, located at the inverse address. It can be used to test the SPI port.
40
Pixel_Burst
Address: 0x40
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PB3
PB2
PB1
PB0
Data Type: Eight bit unsigned integer
USAGE: The Pixel_Burst register is used for high-speed access to all the pixel values from one and 2/3 complete frame.
See the Synchronous Serial Port section for use details.
Motion_Burst
Address: 0x50
Access: Read
Default Value: 0x00
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
MB7
MB6
MB5
MB4
MB3
MB2
MB1
MB0
Data Type: Various, depending on data
USAGE: The Motion_Burst register is used for high-speed access to the Motion, Delta_X, Delta_Y, SQUAL, Shutter_
Upper, Shutter_Lower, and Maximum_Pixel registers. See the Synchronous Serial Port section for use details.
SROM_Load
Address: 0x 60
Access: Write
Default Value: N/A
Bit
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Field
SL7
SL6
SL5
SL4
SL3
SL2
SL1
SL0
Data Type: Eight bit unsigned integer
USAGE: The SROM_Load register is used for high-speed programming of the ADNS-6000 from an external PROM or
microcontroller. See the Synchronous Serial Port section for use details.
For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site: www.avagotech.com
Avago, Avago Technologies, and the A logo are trademarks of Avago Technologies in the United States and other countries.
Data subject to change. Copyright © 2005-2008 Avago Technologies. All rights reserved.
AV02-1380EN - July 8, 2008