NCP1511 Advance Information PWM Buck Converter with a Very Low Iq During Low Load Conditions The NCP1511 is a tri-mode regulator that operates either as a Synchronized PWM Buck Converter, PWM Buck Converter with internal oscillator or as a Pulsed Switching Regulator. If a synchronization signal is present, the NCP1511 operates as a current mode PWM converter with synchronous rectification. The optional external frequency input signal allows the user to control the location of the spurious frequency noise generated by a PWM converter. The Pulsed Switching Regulator mode is active when the Sync Pin is Low. The Pulsed Mode is an extremely low quiescent current Buck Converter. NCP1511 operates in a PWM mode with an internal oscillator when the Sync Pin is held high. The NCP1511 configuration allows the flexibility of efficient high power operation and low input current during system sleep modes. http://onsemi.com MARKING DIAGRAM XXXX YYWW 9 PIN MICRO BUMP FC SUFFIX CASE 499E 1 XX = Device Code YY = Year WW = Work Week Features • Synchronous Rectification for Higher Efficiency in PWM Mode • Pulsed Switching Mode Operation for Low Current Consumption at • • • • • • • • • • Low Loads Integrated MOSFETs and Feedback Circuits Cycle -by-Cycle Current Limit Automatic Switching Between PWM, with External or Internal Oscillator, and Pulsed Mode Operating Frequency Range of 450 to 1000 kHz Internal 1.0 MHz Oscillator Thermal Limit Protection Built -in Slope Compensation for Current Mode PWM Converter 1.0, 1.3, 1.5, 1.89 Fixed Output Voltages Shutdown Current Consumption of 0.2 A Pb Free Package for Green Manufacturing Applications • • • • • PIN CONNECTIONS A1 B1 C1 A2 B2 C2 A3 B3 C3 (Bottom View) ORDERING INFORMATION Device NCP1511FCT1G Cellular Phones and Pagers PDA Digital Cameras Supplies for DSP Cores Portable Applications Pin: A1. - GNDP A2. - LX A3. - VCC B1. - SYNC B2. - GNDA B3. - FB C1. - SHD C2. - CB1 C3. - CB0 Package Shipping 9 Pin Pb Free Micro Bump TBD This document contains information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2003 June, 2003 - Rev. 2 1 Publication Order Number: NCP1511/D NCP1511 Shutdown NCP1511 CB0 Sync Vout CB1 Vbat L 6.8 H Cin 10 Cout 10 Figure 1. Applications Circuit VCC Cin LX Q1 Vin L FB Vout Cout Low Iq Pulsed Cntrl PWM/ PFM Cntrl Q2 Control GNDP Sync CB0 CB1 SHD Figure 2. Block Diagram http://onsemi.com 2 GNDA NCP1511 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin No. Symbol Type Description A1 GNDP Power Ground Ground Connection for the NFET Power Stage. A2 LX Analog Output Connection from Power Pass Elements to the Inductor. A3 VCC Analog Input Power Supply Input for Power and Analog VCC. B1 SYNC Analog Input Synchronization input for the PWM converter. If a clock signal is present, the converter uses the rising edge for the turn on. If this pin is low, the converter is in the Pulsed mode. If this pin is high, the converter uses the internal oscillator for the PWM mode. This pin contains an internal pull down resistor. B2 GNDA Analog Ground Ground connection for the Analog Section of the IC. This is the GND for the FB, Ref, Sync, CB, and SHD pins. B3 FB Analog Input Feedback Voltage from the Output of the Power Supply. C1 SHD Analog Input Enable for Switching Regulator. This Pin is Active High to enable the NCP1511. The SHD Pin has an internal pull down resistor to force the converter off if this pin is not connected to the external circuit. C2 CB1 Analog Input Selects Vout. This pin contains an internal pull up resistor. C3 CB0 Analog Input Selects Vout. This pin contains an internal pull down resistor. MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Rating Symbol Value Unit Maximum Voltage All Pins Vmax 5.5 V Maximum Operating Voltage All Pins Vmax 5.2 V Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Air Rja 159 °C/W Operating Ambient Temperature Range TA -30 to 85 °C VESD > 2500 > 100 V Moisture Sensitivity MSL Level 1 Storage Temperature Range Tstg -55 to 150 °C TJ -30 to 125 °C ESD Withstand Voltage Human Body Model (Note 1) Machine Model (Note 1) Junction Operating Temperature 1. This device series contains ESD protection and exceeds the following tests: Human Body Model 2,000 V per MIL-STD-883, Method 3015. Machine Model Method 200 V. http://onsemi.com 3 NCP1511 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 3.6 V, Vo = 1.5 V, TA = 25°C, Fsyn = 600 kHz 50% Duty Cycle square wave for PWM mode; TA = –30 to 85°C for Min/Max values, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Quiescent Current of Sync Mode, Iout = 0 mA Iq PWM - 175 - A Quiescent Current of PWM Mode, Iout = 0 mA Iq PWM - 185 - A Quiescent Current of Pulsed Mode, Iout = 0 mA Iq Pulsed - 14 - A Iq Off - 0.1 1.0 A Vin 2.5 - 5.2 V Input Voltage Vsync -0.3 - Vcc + 0.3 V Frequency Operational Range Fsync 450 600 1000 kHz Minimum Synchronization Pulse Width Dcsync Min - 30 - % Maximum Synchronization Pulse Width VCC Pin Quiescent Current, SHD Low Input Voltage Range Sync Pin Dcsync Max - 70 - % SYNC “H” Voltage Threshold Vsynch - 920 1200 mV SYNC “L” Voltage Threshold Vsyncl 400 830 - mV SYNC “H” Input Current, Vsync = 3.6 V Isynch - 2.2 - A SYNC “L” Input Current, Vsync = 0 V Isyncl -0.5 - - A Vcb -0.3 - Vcc + 0.3 V Output Level Selection Pins Input Voltage CB0, CB1 “H” Voltage Threshold Vcb h - 920 1200 mV CB0, CB1 “L” Voltage Threshold Vcb l 400 830 - mV CB0, CB1 “H” Input Current, CB = 3.6 V Icb h - 2.2 - A CB0, CB1 “L” Input Current, CB = 0 V Icb l -0.5 - - A Vshd -0.3 - Vcc + 0.3 V SHD “H” Voltage Threshold Vshd h - 920 1200 mV SHD “L” Voltage Threshold Vshd l 400 830 - mV SHD “H” Input Current, SHD = 3.6 V Ishd h - 2.2 - A SHD “L” Input Current, SHD = 0 V Ishd l -0.5 - - A Input Voltage Vfb -0.3 - Vcc + 0.3 V Input Current, Vfb = 1.5 V Ifb - 5.0 7.5 A Switching P-FET Current Limit I lim - 800 - mA Duty Cycle DC - - 100 % Minimum On Time Ton min - 75 - nsec Rdson Switching P-FET and N_FET Rdson - 0.23 - Ileak - 0 10 A Vo - 5.0 - % Shutdown Pin Input Voltage Feedback Pin Sync PWM Mode Characteristics Switching P-FET and N-FET Leakage Current Output Overvoltage Threshold http://onsemi.com 4 NCP1511 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (Vin = 3.6 V, Vo = 1.5 V, TA = 25°C, Fsyn = 600 kHz 50% Duty Cycle square wave for PWM mode; TA = –30 to 85°C for Min/Max values, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.0 V CB0 = L, CB1 = L Vout 0.950 1.000 1.050 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.3 V CB0 = L, CB1 = H Vout 1.261 1.300 1.339 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.5 V CB0 = H, CB1 = H Vout 1.450 1.500 1.550 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.89 V CB0 = H CB1 = L Vout 1.833 1.890 1.947 V Load Transient Response 10 to 100 mA Load Step Vout - 25 - mV Line Transient Response, Iout = 100 mA 3.0 to 3.6 Vin Line Step Vout - 5.0 - mVpp Switching P-FET Current Limit I lim - 800 - mA Duty Cycle DC - - 100 % Ton min - 75 - nsec Sync PWM Mode Characteristics (continued) PWM Mode with Internal Oscillator Characteristics Minimum On Time Internal Oscillator Frequency Fosc 800 1000 1240 kHz Rdson - 0.23 - Ileak - 0 10 A Output Overvoltage Threshold Vo - 5.0 - % Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.0 V CB0 = L, CB1 = L Vout 0.950 1.000 1.050 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.3 V CB0 = L, CB1 = H Vout 1.261 1.300 1.339 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.5 V CB0 = H, CB1 = H Vout 1.450 1.500 1.550 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.89 V CB0 = H CB1 = L Vout 1.833 1.890 1.947 V Load Transient Response 10 to 100 mA Load Step Vout - 25 - mV Line Transient Response, Iout = 100 mA 3.0 to 3.6 Vin Line Step Vout - 5.0 - mVpp Ton min - 50 - nsec Output Ripple Voltage, Iout = 100 A Vout - 40 - mV Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.0 V CB0 = L, CB1 = L Vout 0.950 1.000 1.050 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.3 V CB0 = L, CB1 = H Vout 1.261 1.300 1.339 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.5 V CB0 = H, CB1 = H Vout 1.450 1.500 1.550 V Feedback Voltage Accuracy, Vout Set = 1.89 V CB0 = H CB1 = L Vout 1.833 1.890 1.947 V Rdson Switching P-FET and N_FET Switching P-FET and N-FET Leakage Current Pulsed Mode Characteristics Minimum On Time http://onsemi.com 5 NCP1511 INTRODUCTION The NCP1511 is a tri-mode regulator intended for use in baseband supplies for portable equipment. Its unique features provide an efficient power supply for a portable device at full operating current, while also providing extremely low standby current for idle mode operation. When the system is idle, the user can activate the pulsed mode function. In this mode, the regulator provides a regulated low current output voltage keeping the system biased. When the device is in its normal operating mode, the regulator synchronizes to the system clock or uses an internal 1.0 MHz clock and turns into a switching regulator. This allows the regulator to provide efficient power to the system. This circuit is patent pending. Table 1. Sync Pin Input with Corresponding Operational Mode of NCP1511 Sync Pin State Operational Mode Low Low Iq Pulsed Mode Operation High PWM Using Internal Oscillator for the Clock Clock PWM Using Rising Edge of Clock Signal to Turn On PFET Pass Element PWM Mode with External Synchronization Signal During normal operation, a synchronization pulse acts as the clock for the DC/DC controller. The rising edge of the clock pulls the gate of Q1 low allowing the inductor to charge. When the current through Q1 reaches either the current limit or feedback voltage reaches its limit, Q1 will turn off and Q2 will turn on. Q2 replaces the free wheeling diode typically associated with Buck Converters. Q2 will turn off when either a rising edge sync pulse is present or all the stored energy is depleted from the inductor. The output voltage accuracy in the PWM mode is well within 3% of the nominal set value. An overvoltage protection circuit is present in the PWM mode to limit the positive voltage spike due to fast load transient conditions. If the OVP comparator is activated, the duty cycle will be 0% until the output voltage falls to the nominal level. The PWM also has the ability to go to 100% duty cycle for transient conditions and low input to output voltage differentials. The PWM mode operates as a forced-PWM converter. Each switching cycle has a typical on-time of 75 nsec. NCP1511 has two protection circuits that can eliminate the minimum on time for the cycle. When tripped, the overvoltage protection or the thermal shutdown overrides the gate drive of the high side MOSFET. Operation Description The Buck regulator is a synchronous rectifier PWM regulator with integrated MOSFETs. This regulator has a Pulsed function for low power modes to conserve power. The Tri PWM with external or internal oscillator/pulsed mode is an exclusive Patent Pending circuit. For the PWM Synchronization mode, the operating frequency range for the NCP1511 is 450 to 1000 kHz. The output current of the PWM is optimized for 100 mA with a maximum current supply in excess of 300 mA for the 2.5 to 5.2 input voltage range. If the Sync Pin is held low, the NCP1511 changes into the Pulsed mode. The Pulsed function assures the user of an extremely low input current and greatly reduced quiescent current when the users system is in a sleep mode. Internally to the NCP1511, the Synchronization pin has a pull down resistor to force the part into Pulsed mode when a clock signal is not present. The Pulsed mode supplies a current in excess of 30 mA. If the Sync Pin is held high, NCP1511 enters a PWM mode with an internal 1.0 MHz oscillator. The PWM mode has the same operational characteristics (current limit, maximum output current, etc.) as the synchronized PWM mode. The Sync Pin threshold is fixed as noted in the Electrical Characteristics table. http://onsemi.com 6 NCP1511 L1 Q1 LOAD 6.8 H Sync C1 10 Vbat Set En Ramp IQ1 R1 OC Detect + R2 R3 Latch S Q R En COMP C2 10 + + Vref+5% - Q2 Error Amp OVP COMP R4 Vref Figure 3. PWM Circuit Schematic 3.6040 3.6000 VIN 3.5960 400 m IPFET 200 m 0.00 400 m IL 300 m 200 m 400 m INFET 100 m -200 m 1.01 VO 1.00 990 m 3.70 VLX 2.00 -0.30 196.0 201.0 204.0 207.0 210.0 213.0 TIME () Figure 4. Waveforms During PWM Operation PWM Mode with Internal Oscillator Pulsed Mode If a synchronization signal is not available, the converter has a 1.0 MHz internal oscillator available. The Sync Pin must be held high to enter this mode. The characteristics of the PWM mode with internal oscillator are similar to the Sync PWM Mode. During low-level current output, NCP1511 can enter a low current consumption mode when the Sync Pin is held low. This mode will typically have a free running frequency and an output voltage ripple similar to a PFM mode. The advantage of the Pulsed mode is much lower Iq (14 A) and drastically higher efficiency compared with PWM and PFM modes in low output loads. http://onsemi.com 7 NCP1511 100 1000 Vin = 3.6 V Vout = 1.5 V TA= 25°C 80 EFFICIENCY (%) 800 90 Iin (A) PFM Mode 600 400 Pulsed Mode Pulse 70 PWM 60 50 40 30 Vin = 3.6 V Vout = 1.5 V Freq PWM = 1.0 MHz TA= 25°C 20 200 10 0 0 200 400 600 Iout (A) 800 0 0.01 1000 0.1 10 100 1000 Iout (mA) Figure 5. Input Current Comparison Figure 6. PWM versus Pulse Efficiency Comparison 92 96 94 1.89 Vout 92 90 88 86 1.0 Vout 84 82 80 78 2.5 1.3 Vout 90 1.5 Vout 89 88 1.3 Vout 87 86 85 Iout = 100 mA Freq = 1.0 MHz TA= 25°C 3 1.89 Vout 91 1.5 Vout EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 1 3.5 4 4.5 5 83 400 5.5 Vin = 3.6 V Iout = 100 mA TA = 25°C 1.0 Vout 84 600 800 Vin 1000 1200 1400 FREQUENCY (kHz) Figure 7. Vin versus Efficiency in PWM Mode Figure 8. Frequency versus Efficiency in PWM Mode 2 95 1.5 Vout 1.8 1.89 Vout 1.89 Vout 1.6 85 1.0 Vout Vout (V) EFFICIENCY (%) 90 80 1.3 Vout 75 1.4 1.5 Vout 1.2 1.3 Vout 1 70 Vin = 3.6 V Iout = 100 mA Freq = 1.0 MHz 65 0.6 60 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 600 1.0 Vout Vin = 3.6 V Freg = 1.0 MHz TA= 25°C 0.8 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Iout (mA) Iout (mA) Figure 9. Iout versus Efficiency in PWM Mode Figure 10. Vout versus Iout in PWM Mode http://onsemi.com 8 800 NCP1511 2 100 1.8 1.89 Vout 80 1.6 70 1.4 1.3 Vout 60 1.5 Vout Vout (V) EFFICIENCY (%) 90 50 40 1.89 Vout 1.5 Vout 1.2 1.3 Vout 1 1.0 Vout 0.8 0.6 30 0.4 20 10. Vin = 3.6 V TA = 25°C 1.0 Vout 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 Vin = 3.6 V TA = 25°C 0.2 0 10 0 100 25 50 75 100 125 Iout (mA) Iout (mA) Figure 11. Iout versus Efficiency in Pulse Mode Figure 12. Vout versus Efficiency in Pulse Mode 150 2 2.5 1.8 2 1.6 ISYN (A) ISHD (A) 1.4 1.5 1 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C 0.5 VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C 0.4 0.2 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 0 5 1 2 3 VSHD (V) VSYN (V) Figure 13. Input Current versus Voltage for the Shutdown Pin Figure 14. Input Current versus Voltage for the Synchronization Pin 4 8 2.5 7 2 6 IFB (A) ICB (A) 5 1.5 1 4 3 2 VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C PWM Mode 1 VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C 0.5 0 -1 0 0 1 2 3 0 4 0.5 1 1.5 VCB (V) VFB (V) Figure 15. Input Current versus Voltage for the CB Pins Figure 16. Input Current versus Voltage for the Feedback Pin http://onsemi.com 9 2 NCP1511 0.93 1.55 0.92 1.45 0.90 Vout (V) VCB(threshold) (V) 1.5 Vth High 0.91 0.89 TA = 25°C PWM Mode 0.88 VCC = 3.6 V TA = 25°C PWM Mode 1.4 1.35 0.87 0.86 1.3 0.85 Vth Low 0.84 2 1.25 3 4 5 6 0 0.2 0.4 VCC (V) 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 VCB (V) Figure 17. VCC Input Voltage versus CB Threshold Figure 18. Transition Level of CB Pins 0.93 0.92 1.5 VSHD High 0.90 Vout (V) VSHD(threshold) (V) 0.91 0.89 TA = 25°C PWM Mode 0.88 VSHD Decreasing VSHD Increasing 0.87 0.86 VSHD Low TA = 25°C PWM Mode 0 0.85 0.84 2 3 4 5 6 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 VCC (V) VSHD (V) Figure 19. Input Voltage versus Shutdown Voltage Figure 20. Output Voltage versus Shutdown Pin Voltage Voltage Output Selection junction temperature is exceeded. When activated, typically at 160°C, the PWM latch is reset and the linear regulator control circuitry is disabled. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed with 25°C of hysteresis. This means that the PWM latch and the regulator control circuitry cannot be re–enabled until the die temperature drops by this amount. This feature is provided to prevent catastrophic failures from accidental device overheating. It is not intended as a substitute for proper heatsinking. The NCP1511 is contained in a 9 pin micro bump package. The CB1 and CB0 pins control the output voltage selection. The output voltages are listed in Table 2. The CB pins contain internal resistors to force the NCP1511 to 1.3 Vout if they are not connected to an external circuit. The CB0 has a pull down resistor and the CB1 has a pull up resistor. The CB Pin thresholds are fixed as noted in the Electrical Characteristics table. Shutdown Pin The Shutdown Pin enables the operation of the device. The Shutdown Pin has an internal pull down resistor to force the NCP1511 into the off mode if this pin is floating due to the external circuit. The Shutdown Pin threshold is fixed as noted in the Electrical Characteristics table. During Startup, the NCP1511 has a soft start function to limit fast dV/dt and eliminate overshoot on the output. Table 2. Truth Table for CB0 and CB1 with the Corresponding Output Voltage Thermal Shutdown Internal Thermal Shutdown circuitry is provided to protect the integrated circuit in the event at the maximum http://onsemi.com 10 CB0 CB1 Vout (V) 0 0 1.0 0 1 1.3 1 1 1.5 1 0 1.89 NCP1511 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 9 PIN MICRO BUMP FC SUFFIX CASE 499E -01 ISSUE O -A- 4X D 0.10 C NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO SPHERICAL CROWNS OF SOLDER BALLS. -BE DIM A A1 A2 D E b e D1 E1 A 0.10 C 0.05 C -C- A2 A1 SEATING PLANE D1 e C B e E1 A 9X b 1 2 3 0.05 C A B 0.03 C RECOMMENDED PCB FOOTPRINT 0.5 0.5 0.250 0.280 http://onsemi.com 11 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.540 0.660 0.210 0.270 0.330 0.390 1.450 BSC 1.450 BSC 0.290 0.340 0.500 BSC 1.000 BSC 1.000 BSC NCP1511 ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). 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