NSC LM5025C

LM5025C
Active Clamp Voltage Mode PWM Controller
General Description
Features
The LM5025C is a functional variant of the LM5025 active
clamp PWM controller. The functional differences of the
LM5025C are: The maximum duty cycle of the LM5025C is
increased from 80% to 91%. The soft-start capacitor charging
current is increased from 20 µA to 90 µA. The VCC regulator
current limit threshold is increased from 25 mA to 55 mA. The
CS1 and CS2 current limit thresholds have been increased to
0.5V. The internal CS2 filter discharge device has been disabled and no longer operates each clock cycle. The internal
VCC and VREF regulators continue to operate when the line
UVLO pin is below threshold.
The LM5025C PWM controller contains all of the features
necessary to implement power converters utilizing the Active
Clamp / Reset technique. With the active clamp technique,
higher efficiencies and greater power densities can be realized compared to conventional catch winding or RDC clamp /
reset techniques. Two control outputs are provided, the main
power switch control (OUT_A) and the active clamp switch
control (OUT_B). The two internal compound gate drivers
parallel both MOS and Bipolar devices, providing superior
gate drive characteristics. This controller is designed for highspeed operation including an oscillator frequency range up to
1MHz and total PWM and current sense propagation delays
less than 100 ns. The LM5025C includes a high-voltage startup regulator that operates over a wide input range of 13V to
90V. Additional features include: Line Under Voltage Lockout
(UVLO), softstart, oscillator UP/DOWN sync capability, precision reference and thermal shutdown.
■ Internal Start-up Bias Regulator
■ 3A Compound Main Gate Driver
■ Programmable Line Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) with
Adjustable Hysteresis
■ Voltage Mode Control with Feed-Forward
■ Adjustable Dual Mode Over-Current Protection
■ Programmable Overlap or Deadtime between the Main
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
and Active Clamp Outputs
Volt x Second Clamp
Programmable Soft-start
Leading Edge Blanking
Single Resistor Programmable Oscillator
Oscillator UP / DOWN Sync Capability
Precision 5V Reference
Thermal Shutdown
Packages
■ TSSOP-16
Typical Application Circuit
30058901
Simplified Active Clamp Forward Power Converter
© 2009 National Semiconductor Corporation
300589
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LM5025C Active Clamp Voltage Mode PWM Controller
April 23, 2009
LM5025C
Connection Diagram
30058916
16-Lead TSSOP
Ordering Information
Order Number
Package Type
NSC Package Drawing
Supplied As
LM5025CMTC
TSSOP-16
MTC-16
92 Units per anti-static tube
LM5025CMTCX
TSSOP-16
MTC-16
2500 Units on Tape and Reel
LM5025CCMTE
TSSOP-16
MTC-16
250 Units on Tape and Reel
Pin Descriptions
Pin
Name
1
VIN
Source Input Voltage
Input to start-up regulator. Input range 13V to 90V, with
transient capability to 105V.
2
RAMP
Modulator ramp signal
An external RC circuit from Vin sets the ramp slope.
This pin is discharged at the conclusion of every cycle
by an internal FET, initiated by either the internal clock
or the V*Sec Clamp comparator.
3
CS1
Current sense input for cycle-by-cycle limiting If CS1 exceeds 0.5V the outputs will go into Cycle-byCycle current limit. CS1 is held low for 50ns after
OUT_A switches high providing leading edge blanking.
4
CS2
Current sense input for soft restart
If CS2 exceeds 0.5V the outputs will be disabled and a
softstart commenced. The soft-start capacitor will be
fully discharged and then released with a pull-up
current of 1µA. After the first output pulse (when SS
=1V), the SS charge current will revert back to 90 µA.
5
TIME
Output overlap/Deadtime control
An external resistor (RSET) sets either the overlap time
or dead time for the active clamp output. An RSET
resistor connected between TIME and GND produces
in-phase OUT_A and OUT_B pulses with overlap. An
RSET resistor connected between TIME and REF
produces out-of-phase OUT_A and OUT_B pulses with
deadtime.
6
REF
Precision 5 volt reference output
Maximum output current: 10 mA Locally decouple with
a 0.1 µF capacitor. Reference stays low until the VCC
UV comparator is satisfied.
7
VCC
Output from the internal high voltage start-up If an auxiliary winding raises the voltage on this pin
regulator. The VCC voltage is regulated to 7.6V. above the regulation setpoint, the internal start-up
regulator will shutdown, reducing the IC power
dissipation.
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Description
Application Information
2
Name
Description
Application Information
8
OUT_A
Main output driver
Output of the main switch PWM output gate driver.
Output capability of 3A peak sink current.
9
OUT_B
Active Clamp output driver
Output of the Active Clamp switch gate driver. Capable
of 1.25A peak sink current..
10
PGND
Power ground
Connect directly to analog ground.
11
AGND
Analog ground
Connect directly to power ground.
12
SS
Soft-start control
An external capacitor and an internal 90 µA current
source set the softstart ramp. The SS current source is
reduced to 1 µA initially following a CS2 over-current
event or an over temperature event.
13
COMP
Input to the Pulse Width Modulator
An internal 5 kΩ resistor pull-up is provided on this pin.
The external opto-coupler sinks current from COMP to
control the PWM duty cycle.
14
RT
Oscillator timing resistor pin
An external resistor connected from RT to ground sets
the internal oscillator frequency.
15
SYNC
Oscillator UP/DOWN synchronization input
The internal oscillator can be synchronized to an
external clock with a frequency 20% lower than the
internal oscillator’s free running frequency. There is no
constraint on the maximum sync frequency.
16
UVLO
Line Under-Voltage shutdown
An external voltage divider from the power source sets
the shutdown comparator levels. The comparator
threshold is 2.5V. Hysteresis is set by an internal
current source (20 µA) that is switched on or off as the
UVLO pin potential crosses the 2.5V threshold.
3
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LM5025C
Pin
LM5025C
Block Diagram
Simplified Block Diagram
30058902
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4
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
VIN to GND
VCC to GND
CS1, CS2 to GND
All other inputs to GND
ESD Rating (Note 2)
Operating Ratings
-0.3V to 105V
-0.3V to 16V
-0.3 to 1.00V
-0.3 to 7V
LM5025C
Human Body Model
Storage Temperature Range
Junction Temperature
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
2kV
-55°C to 150°C
150°C
(Note 1)
VIN Voltage
External Voltage Applied to VCC
Operating Junction Temperature
13 to 90V
8 to 15V
-40°C to +125°C
Electrical Characteristics
Specifications with standard typeface are for TJ = 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Junction Temperature range. VIN = 48V, VCC = 10V, RT = 32 kΩ, RSET = 27.4 kΩ) unless otherwise stated (Note 3)
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
7.9
Units
Startup Regulator
VCC Reg
I-VIN
VCC Regulation
No Load
7.3
7.6
VCC Current Limit
(Note 4)
40
55
Startup Regulator
Leakage (external Vcc
Supply)
VIN = 100V
165
V
mA
500
µA
VCC Supply
VCC Under-voltage
Lockout Voltage (positive
going Vcc)
VCC Under-voltage
Hysteresis
VCC Supply Current (ICC)
VCC Reg 220mV
VCC Reg 120mV
1.0
1.5
Cgate = 0
V
2.0
V
4.2
mA
Reference Supply
VREF
Ref Voltage
IREF = 0 mA
Ref Voltage Regulation
IREF = 0 to 10 mA
4.85
Ref Current Limit
10
5
5.15
V
25
50
mV
20
mA
Current Limit
CS1 Prop
CS1 Delay to Output
CS1 Step from 0 to 0.6V
Time to onset of OUT
Transition (90%)
Cgate = 0
40
ns
CS2 Prop
CS2 Delay to Output
CS2 Step from 0 to 0.6V
Time to onset of OUT
Transition (90%)
Cgate = 0
50
ns
Cycle by Cycle Threshold
Voltage (CS1)
Cycle Skip Threshold
Voltage (CS2)
Resets SS capacitor; auto
restart
Leading Edge Blanking
Time (CS1)
0.45
0.5
0.55
V
0.45
0.5
0.55
V
50
ns
CS1 Sink Impedance
(clocked)
CS1 = 0.4V
30
50
Ω
CS1 Sink Impedance
(Post Fault Discharge)
CS1 = 0.6V
15
30
Ω
CS2 Sink Impedance
(Post Fault Discharge)
CS2 = 0.6V
55
85
Ω
CS1 and CS2 Leakage
Current
CS = CS Threshold - 100mV
1
µA
5
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LM5025C
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Soft-start Current Source
Normal
65
90
115
µA
Soft-start Current Source
following a CS2 event
0.5
1
1.5
µA
Soft-Start
Oscillator
Frequency1
TA = 25°C
TJ = Tlow to Thigh
180
175
200
220
225
kHz
Frequency2
RT = 10.8 kΩ
510
580
650
kHz
100
ns
Sync threshold
2
Min Sync Pulse Width
Sync Frequency Range
V
kHz
160
PWM Comparator
Delay to Output
COMP step 5V to 0V
Time to onset of OUT_A
transition low
40
Duty Cycle Range
0
COMP to PWM Offset
0.7
COMP Open Circuit
Voltage
4.3
COMP Short Circuit
Current
1
ns
91
%
1.3
V
5.9
V
COMP = 0V
0.6
1
1.4
mA
Delta RAMP measured from
onset of OUT_A to Ramp peak.
COMP = 5V
2.4
2.5
2.6
V
Undervoltage Shutdown
Threshold
2.44
2.5
2.56
V
Undervoltage Shutdown
Hysteresis
16
20
24
µA
5
10
Ω
A
9
Ω
ns
Volt x Second Clamp
Ramp Clamp Level
UVLO Shutdown
Output Section
OUT_A High Saturation
MOS Device @ Iout = -10mA,
OUTPUT_A Peak Current Bipolar Device @ Vcc/2
Sink
3
OUT_A Low Saturation
MOS Device @ Iout = 10mA,
6
OUTPUT_A Rise Time
Cgate = 2.2nF
20
OUTPUT_A Fall Time
Cgate = 2.2nF
15
OUT_B High Saturation
MOS Device @ Iout = -10mA,
10
ns
20
Ω
A
18
OUTPUT_B Peak Current Bipolar Device @ Vcc/2
Sink
1
OUT_B Low Saturation
MOS Device @ Iout = 10mA,
12
OUTPUT_B Rise Time
Cgate = 1nF
20
Ω
ns
OUTPUT_B Fall Time
Cgate = 1nF
15
ns
Output Timing Control
Overlap Time
RSET = 38 kΩ connected to
GND, 50% to 50% transitions
75
105
135
ns
Deadtime
RSET = 29.5 kΩ connected to
REF, 50% to 50% transitions
75
105
135
ns
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Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Thermal Shutdown
TSD
Thermal Shutdown
Threshold
165
°C
Thermal Shutdown
Hysteresis
25
°C
125
°C/W
Thermal Resistance
θJA
Junction to Ambient
MTC Package
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the
device is intended to be functional. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.
Note 2: For detailed information on soldering plastic TSSOP package, refer to the Packaging Data Book available from National Semiconductor Corporation.
Note 3: All limits are guaranteed. All electrical characteristics having room temperature limits are tested during production with TA = TJ = 25°C. All hot and cold
limits are guaranteed by correlating the electrical characteristics to process and temperature variations and applying statistical process control.
Note 4: Device thermal limitations may limit usable range.
Typical Performance Characteristics
VCC Regulator Start-up Characteristics, VCC vs Vin
VCC vs ICC
30058904
30058903
VREF vs IREF
Oscillator Frequency vs RT
30058906
30058905
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LM5025C
Symbol
LM5025C
Overlap Time vs RSET
Overlap Time vs Temperature
RSET = 38K
30058907
30058908
Dead Time vs RSET
Dead Time vs Temperature
RSET = 29.5K
30058909
30058910
SS Pin Current vs Temperature
30058911
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The LM5025C is a functional variant of the LM5025 active
clamp PWM controller. The functional differences of the
LM5025C are:
The maximum duty cycle of the LM5025C is increased from
80% to 91%. The soft-start capacitor charging current is increased from 20 µA to 90 µA. The VCC regulator current limit
threshold is increased from 25 mA to 55 mA.
The CS1 and CS2 current limit thresholds have been increased to 0.5V (same as LM5025A).
The internal CS2 filter discharge device has been disabled
and no longer operates each clock cycle (same as LM5025A).
The internal VCC and VREF regulators continue to operate
when the line UVLO pin is below threshold (same as
LM5025A).
The LM5025C PWM controller contains all of the features
necessary to implement power converters utilizing the Active
Clamp Reset technique. The device can be configured to
control either a P-Channel clamp switch or an N-Channel
clamp switch. With the active clamp technique higher efficiencies and greater power densities can be realized compared to conventional catch winding or RDC clamp / reset
techniques. Two control outputs are provided, the main power
switch control (OUT_A) and the active clamp switch control
(OUT_B). The active clamp output can be configured for either a guaranteed overlap time (for P-Channel switch applications) or a guaranteed dead time (for N_Channel applications). The two internal compound gate drivers parallel both
MOS and Bipolar devices, providing superior gate drive characteristics. This controller is designed for high-speed operation including an oscillator frequency range up to 1MHz and
total PWM and current sense propagation delays less than
100ns. The LM5025C includes a high-voltage start-up regulator that operates over a wide input range of 13V to 90V.
Additional features include: Line Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO), softstart, oscillator UP/DOWN sync capability, precision
reference and thermal shutdown.
Line Under-Voltage Detector
The LM5025C contains a line Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) circuit. An external set-point voltage divider from Vin to
GND, sets the operational range of the converter. The divider
must be designed such that the voltage at the UVLO pin will
be greater than 2.5V when Vin is in the desired operating
range. If the undervoltage threshold is not met, both outputs
are disabled,all other functions of the controller remain active.
UVLO hysteresis is accomplished with an internal 20 uA current source that is switched on or off into the impedance of
the set-point divider. When the UVLO threshold is exceeded,
the current source is activated to instantly raise the voltage at
the UVLO pin. When the UVLO pin voltage falls below the
2.5V threshold, the current source is turned off causing the
voltage at the UVLO pin to fall. The UVLO pin can also be
used to implement a remote enable / disable function. Pulling
the UVLO pin below the 2.5V threshold disables the PWM
outputs.
PWM Outputs
The relative phase of the main (OUT_A) and active clamp
outputs (OUT_B) can be configured for the specific application. For active clamp configurations utilizing a ground referenced P-Channel clamp switch, the two outputs should be in
phase with the active clamp output overlapping the main output. For active clamp configurations utilizing a high side NChannel switch, the active clamp output should be out of
phase with main output and there should be a dead time between the two gate drive pulses. A distinguishing feature of
the LM5025C is the ability to accurately configure either dead
time (both off) or overlap time (both on) of the gate driver outputs. The overlap / deadtime magnitude is controlled by the
resistor value connected to the TIME pin of the controller. The
opposite end of the resistor can be connected to either REF
for deadtime control or GND for overlap control. The internal
configuration detector senses the connection and configures
the phase relationship of the main and active clamp outputs.
The magnitude of the overlap/dead time can be calculated as
follows:
Overlap Time (ns) = 2.8 x RSET - 1.2
Dead Time (ns) = 2.9 x RSET +20
RSET in kΩ, Time in ns
High Voltage Start-Up Regulator
The LM5025C contains an internal high voltage start-up regulator that allows the input pin (VIN) to be connected directly
to the line voltage. The regulator output is internally current
limited to 55 mA. When power is applied, the regulator is enabled and sources current into an external capacitor connected to the VCC pin. The recommended capacitance range for
the VCC regulator is 0.1 µF to 100 µF. When the voltage on
the VCC pin reaches the regulation point of 7.6V and the internal voltage reference (REF) reaches its regulation point of
5V, the controller outputs are enabled. The outputs will remain
enabled until VCC falls below 6.2V or the line Under Voltage
Lock Out detector indicates that VIN is out of range. In typical
applications, an auxiliary transformer winding is connected
through a diode to the VCC pin. This winding must raise the
VCC voltage above 8V to shut off the internal start-up regula-
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LM5025C
tor. Powering VCC from an auxiliary winding improves efficiency while reducing the controller power dissipation.
When the converter auxiliary winding is inactive, external current draw on the VCC line should be limited so the power
dissipated in the start-up regulator does not exceed the maximum power dissipation of the controller.
An external start-up regulator or other bias rail can be used
instead of the internal start-up regulator by connecting the
VCC and the VIN pins together and feeding the external bias
voltage into the two pins.
Detailed Operating Description
LM5025C
30058912
FIGURE 1.
up for an optocoupler. The comparator polarity is such that
0V on the COMP pin will produce a zero duty cycle on both
gate driver outputs.
Compound Gate Drivers
The LM5025C contains two unique compound gate drivers,
which parallel both MOS and Bipolar devices to provide high
drive current throughout the entire switching event. The Bipolar device provides most of the drive current capability and
provides a relatively constant sink current which is ideal for
driving large power MOSFETs. As the switching event nears
conclusion and the Bipolar device saturates, the internal MOS
device continues to provide a low impedance to compete the
switching event.
During turn-off at the Miller plateau region, typically around
2V - 3V, is where gate driver current capability is needed
most. The resistive characteristics of all MOS gate drivers are
adequate for turn-on since the supply to output voltage differential is fairly large at the Miller region. During turn-off
however, the voltage differential is small and the current
source characteristic of the Bipolar gate driver is beneficial to
provide fast drive capability.
Volt Second Clamp
The Volt x Second Clamp comparator compares the ramp
signal (RAMP) to a fixed 2.5V reference. By proper selection
of RFF and CFF, the maximum ON time of the main switch
can be set to the desired duration. The ON time set by Volt x
Second Clamp varies inversely with the line voltage because
the RAMP capacitor is charged by a resistor connected to Vin
while the threshold of the clamp is a fixed voltage (2.5V). An
example will illustrate the use of the Volt x Second Clamp
comparator to achieve a 50% duty cycle limit, at 200 kHz, at
a 48V line input: A 50% duty cycle at a 200 kHz requires a 2.5
µs of ON time. At 48V input the Volt x Second product is 120V
x µs (48V x 2.5µs). To achieve this clamp level:
RFF x CFF = VIN x TON / 2.5V
48 x 2.5µ / 2.5 = 48µ
Select CFF = 470 pF
RFF = 102kΩ
The recommended capacitor value range for CFF is 100 pF
to 1000 pF.
The CFF ramp capacitor is discharged at the conclusion of
every cycle by an internal discharge switch controlled by either the internal clock or by the V x S Clamp comparator,
whichever event occurs first.
Current Limit
The LM5025C contains two modes of over-current protection.
If the sense voltage at the CS1 input exceeds 0.5V the present
power cycle is terminated (cycle-by-cycle current limit). If the
sense voltage at the CS2 input exceeds 0.5V, the controller
will terminate the present cycle, discharge the softstart capacitor and reduce the softstart current source to 1 µA. The
softstart (SS) capacitor is released after being fully discharged and slowly charges with a 1 µA current source. When
the voltage at the SS pin reaches approximately 1V, the PWM
comparator will produce the first output pulse at OUT_A. After
the first pulse occurs, the softstart current source will revert
to the normal 90 µA level. Fully discharging and then slowly
30058913
PWM Comparator
The PWM comparator compares the ramp signal (RAMP) to
the loop error signal (COMP). This comparator is optimized
for speed in order to achieve minimum controllable duty cycles. The internal 5kΩ pull-up resistor, connected between
the internal 5V reference and COMP, can be used as the pull-
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current sense signal. The CS2 discharge FET only operates
following a CS2 event, UVLO and thermal shutdown.
The LM5025C CS comparators are very fast and may respond to short duration noise pulses. Layout considerations
are critical for the current sense filter and sense resistor. The
capacitor associated with the CS filter must be placed very
close to the device and connected directly to the pins of the
IC (CS and GND). If a current sense transformer is used, both
leads of the transformer secondary should be routed to the
filter network , which should be located close to the IC. If a
sense resistor in the source of the main switch MOSFET is
used for current sensing, a low inductance type of resistor is
required. When designing with a current sense resistor, all of
the noise sensitive low power ground connections should be
connected together near the IC GND and a single connection
should be made to the power ground (sense resistor ground
point).
Oscillator and Sync Capability
The LM5025C oscillator is set by a single external resistor
connected between the RT pin and GND. To set a desired
oscillator frequency (F), the necessary RT resistor can be
calculated from:
RT = (6002/F)1.0192
where F is in kHz and RT in kΩ.
The RT resistor should be located very close to the device
and connected directly to the pins of the IC (RT and GND).
A unique feature of LM5025C is the ability to synchronize the
oscillator to an external clock with a frequency that is either
higher or lower than the frequency of the internal oscillator.
The lower frequency sync frequency range is 91% of the free
running internal oscillator frequency. There is no constraint
on the maximum SYNC frequency. A minimum pulse width of
100 ns is required for the synchronization clock . If the synchronization feature is not required, the SYNC pin should be
connected to GND to prevent any abnormal interference . The
internal oscillator can be completely disabled by connecting
the RT pin to REF. Once disabled, the sync signal will act
directly as the master clock for the controller. Both the frequency and the maximum duty cycle of the PWM controller
can be controlled by the SYNC signal (within the limitations
of the Volt x Second Clamp). The maximum duty cycle (D) will
be (1-D) of the SYNC signal.
30058914
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LM5025C
charging the SS capacitor protects a continuously over-loaded converter with a low duty cycle hiccup mode.
These two modes of over-current protection allow the user
great flexibility to configure the system behavior in over-load
conditions. If it is desired for the system to act as a current
source during an over-load, then the CS1 cycle-by-cycle current limiting should be used. In this case the current sense
signal should be applied to the CS1 input and the CS2 input
should be grounded. If during an overload condition it is desired for the system to briefly shutdown, followed by softstart
retry, then the CS2 hiccup current limiting mode should be
used. In this case the current sense signal should be applied
to the CS2 input and the CS1 input should be grounded. This
shutdown / soft-start retry will repeat indefinitely while the
over-load condition remains. The hiccup mode will greatly reduce the thermal stresses to the system during heavy overloads. The cycle-by-cycle mode will have higher system
thermal dissipations during heavy overloads, but provides the
advantage of continuous operation for short duration overload
conditions.
It is possible to utilize both over-current modes concurrently,
whereby slight overload conditions activate the CS1 cycle-bycycle mode while more severe overloading activates the CS2
hiccup mode. Generally the CS1 input will always be configured to monitor the main switch FET current each cycle. The
CS2 input can be configured in several different ways depending upon the system requirements.
a) The CS2 input can also be set to monitor the main switch
FET current except scaled to a higher threshold than CS1.
b) An external over-current timer can be configured which
trips after a pre-determined over-current time, driving the CS2
input high, initiating a hiccup event.
c) In a closed loop voltage regulaton system, the COMP input
will rise to saturation when the cycle-by-cycle current limit is
active. An external filter/delay timer and voltage divider can
be configured between the COMP pin and the CS2 pin to
scale and delay the COMP voltage. If the CS2 pin voltage
reaches 0.5V a hiccup event will initiate.
A small RC filter, located near the controller, is recommended
for each of the CS pins. The CS1 input has an internal FET
which discharges the current sense filter capacitor at the conclusion of every cycle, to improve dynamic performance. This
same FET remains on an additional 50ns at the start of each
main switch cycle to attenuate the leading edge spike in the
LM5025C
event of a fault as determined by VCC undervoltage, line undervoltage (UVLO) or second level current limit, the output
gate drivers are disabled and the softstart capacitor is fully
discharged. When the fault condition is no longer present a
softstart sequence will be initiated. Following a second level
current limit detection (CS2), the softstart current source is
reduced to 1 µA until the first output pulse is generated by the
PWM comparator. The current source returns to the nominal
90 µA level after the first output pulse (~1V at the SS pin).
Feed-Forward Ramp
An external resistor (RFF) and capacitor (CFF) connected to
VIN and GND are required to create the PWM ramp signal.
The slope of the signal at the RAMP pin will vary in proportion
to the input line voltage. This varying slope provides line feedforward information necessary to improve line transient response with voltage mode control. The RAMP signal is
compared to the error signal at the COMP pin by the pulse
width modulator comparator to control the duty cycle of the
main switch output. The Volt Second Clamp comparator also
monitors the RAMP pin and if the ramp amplitude exceeds
2.5V the present cycle is terminated. The ramp signal is reset
to GND at the end of each cycle by either the internal clock
or the Volt Second comparator, which ever occurs first.
Thermal Protection
Internal Thermal Shutdown circuitry is provided to protect the
integrated circuit in the event the maximum junction temperature is exceeded. When activated, typically at 165°C, the
controller is forced into a low power standby state with the
output drivers and the bias regulator disabled. The device will
restart after the thermal hysteresis (typically 25°C). During a
restart after thermal shutdown, the softstart capacitor will be
fully discharged and then charged in the low current mode (1
µA) similar to a second level current limit event. The thermal
protection feature is provided to prevent catastrophic failures
from accidental device overheating.
Soft-Start
The softstart feature allows the power converter to gradually
reach the initial steady state operating point, thus reducing
start-up stresses and surges. At power on, a 90 µA current is
sourced out of the softstart pin (SS) into an external capacitor.
The capacitor voltage will ramp up slowly and will limit the
COMP pin voltage and therefore the PWM duty cycle. In the
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LM5025C
30058917
Application Circuit: Input 36-78V, Output 3.3V, 30A
13
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LM5025C
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Molded TSSOP-16
NS Package Number MTC16
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LM5025C
Notes
15
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LM5025C Active Clamp Voltage Mode PWM Controller
Notes
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