HT45R04/HT45R04E A/D Type 8-Bit MCU Preliminary Features · Operating voltage: 2.2V~5.5V · HALT function and wake-up feature reduce power consumption (IDD<200mA, when fSYS=455kHz, VDD=+5V) · Operating frequency: 400KHz~2MHz · Up to 2ms instruction cycle with 2MHz system clock at VDD=5V · 13 bidirectional I/O lines (PA, PB0~PB3, PD0) · One interrupt input shared with an I/O line · 4-level subroutine nesting · 8-bit programmable timer/event counter with over- · 4 channels 8-bit resolution A/D converter · Bit manipulation instruction flow interrupt and 7-stage prescaler · On-chip crystal and RC oscillator · 14-bit table read instruction · Watchdog Timer · 63 powerful instructions · 1024´14 program memory · All instructions in 1 or 2 machine cycles · 64´8 bank data memory RAM · Low voltage reset function · Supports PFD for sound generation · 18-pin SOP package General Description The advantages of low power consumption, I/O flexibility, programmable frequency divider, timer functions, oscillator options, multi-channel A/D Converter, HALT and wake-up functions, enhance the versatility of these devices to suit a wide range of A/D application possibilities such as security systems, smoke detectors, smart tags, etc. The HT45R04 is an 8-bit high performance, RISC architecture microcontroller devices specifically designed for A/D applications that interface directly to analog signals, such as those from sensors. There are two dice in the HT45R04E package: one is the HT45R04 MCU, the other is a 128´8 bits EEPROM used for data memory purpose. The two dice are wire-bonded to form HT45R04E. Rev. 0.00 1 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Block Diagram HT45R04 P A 5 /IN T In te rru p t C ir c u it M T M R S T A C K P ro g ra m R O M P ro g ra m C o u n te r U P r e s c a le r fS Y S P A 4 /T M R X T M R C IN T C P A 4 P A 3 /P F D S Y S C L K /4 In s tr u c tio n R e g is te r M M P U W D T P r e s c a le r D A T A M e m o ry X P o rt D P D X P D 0 M U X In s tr u c tio n D e c o d e r 4 -C h a n n e l A /D C o n v e rte r S T A T U S A L U S S P B C S h ifte r T im in g G e n e ra to r O S R E V D V S U R C O S C P D C O S C 2 M W D T P o rt B P B P A 3 , P A 5 P A C C 1 A C C D P o rt A P A L V R P B 0 /A N 0 ~ P B 3 /A N 3 P A 0 P A 3 P A 4 P A 5 P A 6 ~ P /P /T /IN ~ P A 2 F D M R T A 7 Data EEPROM S C L S D A I/O C o n tro l L o g ic H V P u m p X D E E P R O M A rra y E M e m o ry C o n tro l L o g ic C P a g e B u f Y D E C A d d re s s C o u n te r S e n s e A M P R /W C o n tro l V C C V S S Rev. 0.00 2 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Pin Assignment P A 3 /P F D 1 1 8 P A 4 /T M R P A 3 /P F D 1 1 8 P A 4 /T M R P A 2 2 1 7 P A 5 /IN T P A 2 2 1 7 P A 5 /IN T P A 1 3 1 6 P A 6 P A 1 3 1 6 P A 6 P A 0 4 1 5 P A 7 P A 0 4 1 5 P A 7 /S D A P B 3 /A N 3 5 1 4 O S C 2 P B 3 /A N 3 5 1 4 O S C 2 P B 2 /A N 2 6 1 3 O S C 1 P B 2 /A N 2 6 1 3 O S C 1 P B 1 /A N 1 7 1 2 V D D P B 1 /A N 1 7 1 2 V D D P B 0 /A N 0 8 1 1 P B 0 /A N 0 8 1 1 V S S 9 1 0 R E S P D 0 V S S 9 1 0 R E S P D 0 /S C L H T 4 5 R 0 4 1 8 S O P -A H T 4 5 R 0 4 E 1 8 S O P -B Pin Description Pin Name PA0~PA2 PA3/PFD PA4/TMR PA5/INT PA6 PA7/SDA PB0/AN0~ PB3/AN3 I/O I/O I/O Option Description Pull-high Wake-up PFD Bidirectional 8-bit input/output port. Each bit can be configured as a wake-up input by options. Software instructions determine the CMOS output or Schmitt trigger input with pull-high resistors (determined by pull-high option: bit option). The I/O modes of each line are controlled by their related control register bit (PAC). The PA3, PA4 and PA5 are pin-shared with PFD, TMR and INT , respectively. PA7/SDA is wire-bonded with SDA pad of the data EEPROM. Pull-high Bidirectional 4-bit input/output port. Software instructions determine the CMOS output or Schmitt trigger input with pull-high resistors (determined by pull-high option: bit option). The I/O modes of each line are controlled by their related control register bit (PBC). Each PB line is pin shared with an A/D converter input. PD0/SCL I/O Pull-high Bidirectional 1-bit input/output port. Software instructions determine the CMOS output or Schmitt trigger input with pull-high resistors (determined by pull-high option: bit option). The I/O mode is controlled by its related control register bit (PDC). PDO/SCL is wire-bonded with SCL pad of the data EEPROM. OSC1 OSC2 I O Crystal or RC OSC1 and OSC2 are connected to an RC network or a crystal (determined by options) for the internal system clock. In the case of an RC operation, OSC2 is the output terminal for 1/4 system clock. RES ¾ ¾ Schmitt trigger reset input. Active low. VDD ¾ ¾ Positive power supply VSS ¾ ¾ Negative power supply, ground. Note: All pull-high resistors are controlled by an option bit. Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6.0V Storage Temperature ............................-50°C to 125°C Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V Operating Temperature...........................-40°C to 85°C Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under ²Absolute Maximum Ratings² may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability. Rev. 0.00 3 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E D.C. Characteristics HT45R04 Symbol VDD IDD1 Ta=25°C Parameter Operating Voltage Test Conditions Conditions VDD ¾ fSYS=2MHz 3V No load, fSYS=2MHz, ADC disable Operating Current (Crystal OSC) 5V No load, fSYS=455kHz 3V IDD2 Operating Current (RC OSC) No load, fSYS=2MHz, ADC disable 5V No load, fSYS=455kHz ISTB1 3V Standby Current (WDT Enabled) No load, system HALT 5V 3V Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.2 ¾ 5.5 V ¾ 0.5 1.3 mA ¾ 1.5 3 mA ¾ 200 300 mA ¾ 0.5 1.3 mA ¾ 1.5 3 mA ¾ 200 300 mA ¾ ¾ 5 mA ¾ ¾ 10 mA ¾ ¾ 1 mA ¾ ¾ 2 mA ISTB2 Standby Current (WDT Disabled) VIL1 Input Low Voltage for I/O Ports, TMR and INT ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ 0.3VDD V VIH1 Input High Voltage for I/O Ports, TMR and INT ¾ ¾ 0.7VDD ¾ VDD V VIL2 Input Low Voltage (RES) ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ 0.4VDD V VIH2 Input High Voltage (RES) ¾ ¾ 0.9VDD ¾ VDD V VLVR Low Voltage Reset ¾ LVR enabled 2.7 3.0 3.3 V IOL 4 8 ¾ mA I/O Port Sink Current 10 20 ¾ mA -2 -4 ¾ mA -5 -10 ¾ mA No load, system HALT 5V 3V VOL=0.1VDD 5V IOH 3V I/O Port Source Current VOH=0.9VDD 5V RPH 3V ¾ 20 60 100 kW 5V ¾ 10 30 50 kW Pull-high Resistance VAD A/D Input Voltage ¾ ¾ 0 ¾ VDD V EAD A/D Conversion Error ¾ ¾ ¾ ±0.5 ±1 LSB IADC Additional Power Consumption if A/D Converter is Used 3V ¾ 0.5 1 mA ¾ 1.5 3 mA Rev. 0.00 ¾ 5V 4 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E EEPROM D.C. Characteristics Symbol Parameter Ta=25°C Test Conditions VCC Conditions ¾ Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.2 ¾ 5.5 V VCC Operating Voltage ¾ ICC1 Operating Current 5V Read at 100kHz ¾ ¾ 2 mA ICC2 Operating Current 5V Write at 100kHz ¾ ¾ 5 mA VIL Input Low Voltage ¾ ¾ -1 ¾ 0.3VCC V VIH Input High Voltage ¾ ¾ 0.7VCC ¾ VCC+0.5 V VOL Output Low Voltage 2.4V IOL=2.1mA ¾ ¾ 0.4 V ILI Input Leakage Current 5V VIN=0 or VCC ¾ ¾ 1 mA ILO Output Leakage Current 5V VOUT=0 or VCC ¾ ¾ 1 mA 5V VIN=0 or VCC ¾ ¾ 4 mA 2.4V VIN=0 or VCC ¾ ¾ 3 mA ISTB1 Standby Current ISTB2 Standby Current CIN Input Capacitance (See Note) ¾ f=1MHz 25°C ¾ ¾ 6 pF COUT Output Capacitance (See Note) ¾ f=1MHz 25°C ¾ ¾ 8 pF Note: These parameters are periodically sampled but not 100% tested VCC pad is wire-bonded to VDD pad of the HT45R04E die. A.C. Characteristics HT45R04 Symbol Ta=25°C Parameter Test Conditions Conditions VDD Min. Typ. Max. Unit fSYS1 System Clock (Crystal OSC) ¾ 2.2V~5.5V 400 ¾ 2000 kHz fSYS2 System Clock (RC OSC) ¾ 2.2V~5.5V 400 ¾ 2000 kHz fTIMER Timer I/P Frequency (TMR) ¾ 2.2V~5.5V 0 ¾ 2000 kHz 45 90 180 ms 32 65 130 ms 1.4 2.8~5.6 11 S 1.1 2.3~4.7 9.4 S tWDTOSC Watchdog Oscillator Period 3V ¾ 5V 3V tWDT1 Watchdog Time-out Period (RC) tWDT2 Watchdog Time-out Period (System Clock) ¾ Without WDT prescaler 217 ¾ 218 tSYS tRES External Reset Low Pulse Width ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms tSST System Start-up Timer Period ¾ ¾ 1024 ¾ tSYS tINT Interrupt Pulse Width ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms tAD A/D Clock Period ¾ ¾ 1 ¾ ¾ ms tADC A/D Conversion Time ¾ ¾ ¾ 76 ¾ tAD tADCS A/D Sampling Time ¾ ¾ ¾ 32 ¾ tAD Rev. 0.00 Without WDT prescaler 5V Wake-up from HALT 5 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E EEPROM A.C. Characteristics Symbol Ta=25°C Parameter Remark Standard Mode* VCC=5V±10% Min. Max. Min. Max. Unit fSK Clock Frequency ¾ ¾ 100 ¾ 400 kHz tHIGH Clock High Time ¾ 4000 ¾ 600 ¾ ns tLOW Clock Low Time ¾ 4700 ¾ 1200 ¾ ns tr SDA and SCL Rise Time Note ¾ 1000 ¾ 300 ns tf SDA and SCL Fall Time Note ¾ 300 ¾ 300 ns tHD:STA START Condition Hold Time After this period the first clock pulse is generated 4000 ¾ 600 ¾ ns tSU:STA START Condition Setup Time Only relevant for repeated START condition 4000 ¾ 600 ¾ ns tHD:DAT Data Input Hold Time ¾ 0 ¾ 0 ¾ ns tSU:DAT Data Input Setup Time ¾ 200 ¾ 100 ¾ ns tSU:STO STOP Condition Setup Time ¾ 4000 ¾ 600 ¾ ns tAA Output Valid from Clock ¾ ¾ 3500 ¾ 900 ns 4700 ¾ 1200 ¾ ns tBUF Bus Free Time Time in which the bus must be free before a new transmission can start tSP Input Filter Time Constant (SDA and SCL Pins) Noise suppression time ¾ 100 ¾ 50 ns tWR Write Cycle Time ¾ ¾ 5 ¾ 5 ms Note: These parameters are periodically sampled but not 100% tested * The standard mode means VCC=2.2V to 5.5V For relative timing, refer to timing diagrams Rev. 0.00 6 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Functional Description Execution Flow incremented by one. The program counter then points to the memory word containing the next instruction code. The system clock for the microcontroller is derived from either a crystal or an RC oscillator. The system clock is internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One instruction cycle consists of four system clock cycles. When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip execution, loading PCL register, subroutine call, initial reset, internal interrupt, external interrupt or return from subroutine, the PC manages the program transfer by loading the address corresponding to each instruction. Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such a way that a fetch takes an instruction cycle while decoding and execution takes the next instruction cycle. However, the pipelining scheme allows each instruction to be effectively executed in a cycle. If an instruction changes the program counter, two cycles are required to complete the instruction. The conditional skip is activated by instructions. Once the condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle replaces it to get the proper instruction. Otherwise proceed with the next instruction. The lower byte of the program counter (PCL) is a readable and writable register (06H). Moving data into the PCL performs a short jump. The destination will be within 256 locations. Program Counter - PC The program counter (PC) controls the sequence in which the instructions stored in program ROM are executed and its contents specify full range of program memory. When a control transfer takes place, an additional dummy cycle is required. After accessing a program memory word to fetch an instruction code, the contents of the program counter are S y s te m C lo c k T 1 T 2 T 3 T 4 T 1 T 2 T 3 T 4 T 1 T 2 T 3 T 4 O S C 2 ( R C o n ly ) P C P C P C + 1 F e tc h IN S T (P C ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 ) P C + 2 F e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C ) F e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 ) Execution Flow Mode Program Counter *9 *8 *7 *6 *5 *4 *3 *2 *1 *0 Initial Reset 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 External Interrupt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Timer/Event Counter Overflow 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 A/D Interrupt 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Skip Program Counter+2 Loading PCL *9 *8 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0 Jump, Call Branch #9 #8 #7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 Return from Subroutine S9 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0 Program Counter Note: *9~*0: Program Counter bits S9~S0: Stack register bits #9~#0: Instruction code bits Rev. 0.00 @7~@0: PCL bits 7 December 30, 2004 Preliminary · Location 00CH Program Memory - ROM Location 00CH is reserved for the A/D converter interrupt service program. If an A/D converter interrupt results from an end of A/D conversion, and if the interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 00CH. The program memory is used to store the program instructions which are to be executed. It also contains data, table, and interrupt entries, and is organized into 1024´14 bits, addressed by the program counter and table pointer. · Table location Certain locations in the program memory are reserved for special usage: Any location in the program memory can be used as look-up tables. The instructions ²TABRDC [m]² (the current page, 1 page=256 words) and ²TABRDL [m]² (the last page) transfer the contents of the lower-order byte to the specified data memory, and the higher-order byte to TBLH (08H). Only the destination of the lower-order byte in the table is well-defined, the other bits of the table word are transferred to the lower portion of TBLH, and the remaining 2 bits are read as ²0². The Table Higher-order byte register (TBLH) is read only. The table pointer (TBLP) is a read/write register (07H), which indicates the table location. Before accessing the table, the location must be placed in TBLP. The TBLH is read only and cannot be restored. If the main routine and the ISR (Interrupt Service Routine) both employ the table read instruction, the contents of the TBLH in the main routine are likely to be changed by the table read instruction used in the ISR. Errors can occur. In other words, using the table read instruction in the main routine and the ISR simultaneously should be avoided. However, if the table read instruction has to be applied in both the main routine and the ISR, the interrupt is supposed to be disabled prior to the table read instruction. It will not be enabled until the TBLH has been backed up. All table related instructions require two cycles to complete the operation. These areas may function as normal program memory depending upon the requirements. · Location 000H Location 000H is reserved for program initialization. After a chip reset, the program always begins execution at location 000H. · Location 004H Location 004H is reserved for the external interrupt service program. If the INT input pin is activated, the interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 004H. · Location 008H Location 008H is reserved for the timer/event counter interrupt service program. If a timer interrupt results from a timer/event counter overflow, and if the interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, the program begins execution at location 008H. 0 0 0 H D e v ic e In itia liz a tio n P r o g r a m 0 0 4 H 0 0 8 H 0 0 C H E x te r n a l In te r r u p t S u b r o u tin e T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r In te r r u p t S u b r o u tin e A /D C o n v e r te r In te r r u p t S u b r o u tin e P ro g ra m M e m o ry n 0 0 H L o o k - u p T a b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s ) n F F H HT45R04/HT45R04E Stack Register - STACK 3 0 0 H This is a special part of the memory which is used to save the contents of the program counter only. The stack is organized into 4 levels and is neither part of the data nor part of the program space, and is neither readable nor writable. The activated level is indexed by the stack pointer (SP) and is neither readable nor writeable. At a subroutine call or interrupt acknowledgment, the contents of the program counter are pushed onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine or an interrupt routine, L o o k - u p T a b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s ) 3 F F H 1 4 b its N o te : n ra n g e s fro m 0 to 3 Program Memory Instruction Table Location *9 *8 *7 *6 *5 *4 *3 *2 *1 *0 TABRDC [m] P9 P8 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0 TABRDL [m] 1 1 @7 @6 @5 @4 @3 @2 @1 @0 Table Location Note: *9~*0: Table location bits P9, P8: Current program counter bits @7~@0: Table pointer bits Rev. 0.00 8 December 30, 2004 Preliminary 0 0 H signaled by a return instruction (RET or RETI), the program counter is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a chip reset, the SP will point to the top of the stack. In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 0 1 H M P 0 2 H In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r 1 0 3 H M P 1 0 4 H If the stack is full and a non-masked interrupt takes place, the interrupt request flag will be recorded but the acknowledge will be inhibited. When the stack pointer is decremented (by RET or RETI), the interrupt will be serviced. This feature prevents stack overflow allowing the programmer to use the structure more easily. In a similar case, if the stack is full and a ²CALL² is subsequently executed, stack overflow occurs and the first entry will be lost (only the most recent 4 return addresses are stored). A C C 0 5 H 0 6 H P C L 0 7 H T B L P 0 8 H T B L H 0 9 H 0 A H S T A T U S 0 B H IN T C 0 C H 0 D H T M R 0 E H T M R C 0 F H Data Memory - RAM 1 0 H The data memory is designed with 85´8 bits. The data memory is divided into 2 functional groups: special function registers and general purpose data memory (64´8). Most of them are read/write, but some are read only. 1 1 H The special function registers include the indirect add re s s in g r e g i s t e r ( 00H ) , t i m e r / ev e n t co u n t e r (TMR;0DH), timer/event counter control register (TMRC;0EH), program counter lower-order byte register (PCL;06H), memory pointer register (MP;01H), accumulator (ACC;05H), table pointer (TBLP;07H), table higher-order byte register (TBLH;08H), status register (STATUS;0AH), interrupt control register (INTC;0BH), timer register (TMR;0DH), timer control register (TMRC;0EH), I/O port data registers (PA;12H, PB;14H, PD;18H), I/O port control registers (PAC;13H, P B C ; 1 5 H , P D C ; 1 9 H ) , A / D h i gh- b y t e r e g i st e r (ADRH;21H), A/D control register (ADCR;22H) and A/D clock setting register (ACSR;23H). The remaining space before the 40H is reserved for future expansion and reading these locations will return the result ²00H². The general purpose data memory, addressed from 40H to 7FH, is used for data and control information under instruction commands. 1 6 H 1 2 H P A 1 3 H P A C 1 4 H P B 1 5 H P B C S p e c ia l P u r p o s e D A T A M E M O R Y 1 7 H 1 8 H P D 1 9 H P D C 1 A H 1 B H 1 C H 1 D H 1 E H 1 F H 2 0 H 2 1 H A D R H 2 2 H A D C R 2 3 H A C S R 2 4 H 3 F H 4 0 H All of the data memory areas can handle arithmetic, logic, increment, decrement and rotate operations directly. Except for some dedicated bits, each bit in the data memory can be set and reset by ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i². They are also indirectly accessible through memory pointer register (MP;01H). 7 F H G e n e ra l P u rp o s e D A T A M E M O R Y (6 4 B y te s ) : U n u s e d R e a d a s "0 0 " RAM Mapping The bit 7 of MP is undefined and reading will return the result ²1². Any writing operation to MP will only transfer the lower 7-bit data to MP. Indirect Addressing Register Location 00H is an indirect addressing register that is not physically implemented. Any read/write operation of [00H] accesses the data memory pointed to by MP (01H). Reading location 00H itself indirectly will return the result 00H. Writing indirectly results in no operation. Accumulator The accumulator is closely related to ALU operations. It is also mapped to location 05H of the data memory and can carry out immediate data operations. The data movement between two data memory locations must pass through the accumulator. The memory pointer register MP (01H) is a 7-bit register. Rev. 0.00 HT45R04/HT45R04E 9 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Arithmetic and Logic Unit - ALU Interrupt This circuit performs 8-bit arithmetic and logic operations. The ALU provides the following functions: The microcontroller provides an external interrupts, an internal timer/event counter overflow interrupt, and an A/D converter end-of-conversion interrupt. The interrupt control registers (INTC;0BH ) contains the interrupt control bits to set the enable/disable and the interrupt request flags. · Arithmetic operations (ADD, ADC, SUB, SBC, DAA) · Logic operations (AND, OR, XOR, CPL) · Rotation (RL, RR, RLC, RRC) · Increment and Decrement (INC, DEC) Once an interrupt subroutine is serviced, all the other interrupts will be blocked (by clearing the EMI bit). This scheme may prevent any further interrupt nesting. Other interrupt requests may occur during this interval but only the interrupt request flag is recorded. If a certain interrupt requires servicing within the service routine, the EMI bit and the corresponding bit of the INTC may be set to allow interrupt nesting. If the stack is full, the interrupt request will not be acknowledged, even if the related interrupt is enabled, until the SP is decremented. If immediate service is desired, the stack must be prevented from becoming full. · Branch decision (SZ, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ) The ALU not only saves the results of a data operation but also changes the status register. Status Register - STATUS This 8-bit register (0AH) contains the zero flag (Z), carry flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag (OV), power down flag (PDF), and watchdog time-out flag (TO). It also records the status information and controls the operation sequence. With the exception of the TO and PDF flags, bits in the status register can be altered by instructions like most other registers. Any data written into the status register will not change the TO or PDF flag. In addition, operations related to the status register may give different results from those intended. The TO flag can be affected only by a system power-up, a WDT time-out or executing the ²CLR WDT² or ²HALT² instruction. The PDF flag can be affected only by executing the ²HALT² or ²CLR WDT² instruction or a system power-up. All these kinds of interrupts have a wake-up capability. As an interrupt is serviced, a control transfer occurs by pushing the program counter onto the stack, followed by a branch to a subroutine at specified location in the program memory. Only the program counter is pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the register or status register (STATUS) are altered by the interrupt service program which corrupts the desired control sequence, the contents should be saved in advance. External interrupts are triggered by a high to low transition of the INT and the related interrupt request flag (EIF; bit 4 of the INTC) will be set. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the external interrupt is active, a subroutine call to location 04H will occur. The interrupt request flag (EIF) and EMI bits will be cleared to disable other interrupts. The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of the latest operations. In addition, on entering the interrupt sequence or executing a subroutine call, the status register will not be automatically pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the status are important and if the subroutine can corrupt the status register, precautions must be taken to save it properly. Bit No. Label Function 0 C C is set if an operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take place during a subtraction operation, otherwise C is cleared. C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction. 1 AC AC is set if an operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition or no borrow from the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction, otherwise AC is cleared. 2 Z Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zero, otherwise Z is cleared. 3 OV OV is set if an operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared. 4 PDF PDF is cleared by a system power-up or executing the ²CLR WDT² instruction. PDF is set by executing the ²HALT² instruction. 5 TO TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the ²CLR WDT² or ²HALT² instruction. TO is set by a WDT time-out. 6 ¾ Unused bit, read as ²0² 7 ¾ Unused bit, read as ²0² Status (0AH) Register Rev. 0.00 10 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Bit No. Label Function 0 EMI 1 EEI Controls the external interrupt (1= enable; 0= disable) 2 ETI Controls the timer/event counter interrupt (1= enable; 0= disable) 3 EADI 4 EIF External interrupt request flag (1= active; 0= inactive) 5 TF Internal timer/event counter request flag (1= active; 0= inactive) 6 ADF 7 ¾ Controls the master (global) interrupt (1= enable; 0= disable) Controls the A/D converter interrupt (1= enable; 0= disable) A/D converter request flag (1= active; 0= inactive) Unused bit, read as ²0² INTC (0BH) Register The internal timer/event counter interrupt is initialized by setting the timer/event counter interrupt request flag (TF; bit 5 of the INTC), caused by a timer overflow. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the TF bit is set, a subroutine call to location 08H will occur. The related interrupt request flag (TF) will be reset and the EMI bit cleared to disable further interrupts. isters (INTC) which is located at 0BH in the data memory. EMI, EEI, ETI, EADI and are used to control the enabling/disabling of interrupts. These bits prevent the requested interrupts from being serviced. Once the interrupt request flags (TF, EIF, ADF) are set, they will remain in the INTC register until the interrupts are serviced or cleared by a software instruction. The A/D converter end-of-conversion interrupt is initialized by setting the A/D end-of-conversion interrupt request flag (bit 6 of the INTC), caused by an end of A/D conversion. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the end of A/D conversion interrupt request flag is set, a subroutine call to location 00CH will occur. The related interrupt request flag will be reset and the EMI bit cleared to disable further interrupts. It is recommended that a program does not use the ²CALL subroutine² within the interrupt subroutine. Interrupts often occur in an unpredictable manner or need to be serviced immediately in some applications. If only one stack is left and enabling the interrupt is not well controlled, the original control sequence will be damaged once the ²CALL² operates in the interrupt subroutine. During the execution of an interrupt subroutine, other interrupt acknowledge are held until the ²RETI² instruction is executed or the EMI bit and the related interrupt control bit are set to 1 (if the stack is not full). To return from the interrupt subroutine, ²RET² or ²RETI² may be invoked. RETI will set the EMI bit to enable an interrupt service, but RET will not. Oscillator Configuration There are two oscillator circuits in the microcontroller. V O S C 1 Interrupts, occurring in the interval between the rising edges of two consecutive T2 pulses, will be serviced on the latter of the two T2 pulses, if the corresponding interrupts are enabled. In the case of simultaneous requests the following table shows the priority that is applied. These can be masked by resetting the EMI bit. Interrupt Source Priority 1 04H Timer/Event Counter Overflow 2 08H A/D Converter Interrupt 3 0CH C r y s ta l O s c illa to r fS Y S /4 N M O S O p e n D r a in O S C 2 R C O s c illa to r System Oscillator Both are designed for system clocks, namely the RC oscillator and the Crystal oscillator, which are determined by options. No matter what oscillator type is selected, the signal provides the system clock. The HALT mode stops the system oscillator and ignores an external signal to conserve power. If an RC oscillator is used, an external resistor between OSC1 and VSS is required and the resistance must range from 24kW to 1MW. The system clock, divided by 4, is available on OSC2, which can be used to synchronize external logic. The RC oscillator provides the most cost effective solution. However, the oscillation fre- The timer/event counter interrupt request flag (TF), external interrupt request flags (EIF), A/D converter interrupt request flag (ADF), enable timer/event counter interrupt bit (ETI), enable A/D converter interrupt (EADI), enable external interrupt (EEI) and enable master interrupt bit(EMI) constitute the interrupt control reg- Rev. 0.00 O S C 1 O S C 2 Vector External Interrupt D D 11 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E HALT mode, the overflow will initialize a ²warm reset², and only the Program Counter and SP are reset to zero. To clear the WDT contents (including the WDT prescaler), three methods are adopted; external reset (a low level to RES), software instruction and a ²HALT² instruction. The software instructions include ²CLR WDT² and the other set - ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2². Of these two types of instruction, only one can be active depending on the option - ²CLR WDT times selection option². If the ²CLR WDT² is selected (i.e. CLRWDT times equal one), any execution of the ²CLR WDT² instruction will clear the WDT. In the case that ²CLR WDT1² and ²CLR WDT2² are chosen (i.e. CLRWDT times equal two), these two instructions must be executed to clear the WDT, otherwise, the WDT may reset the chip as a result of time-out. quency may vary with VDD, temperatures and the chip itself due to process variations. It is, therefore, not suitable for timing sensitive operations where an accurate oscillator frequency is desired. If the Crystal oscillator is used, a crystal across OSC1 and OSC2 is needed to provide the feedback and phase shift required for the oscillator, and no other external components are required. Instead of a crystal, a resonator can also be connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to get a frequency reference, but two external capacitors in OSC1 and OSC2 are required (if the oscillating frequency is less than 1MHz). The WDT oscillator is a free running on-chip RC oscillator, and no external components are required. Even if the system enters the power down mode, the system clock is stopped, but the WDT oscillator still works with a period of approximately 65ms at 5V. The WDT oscillator can be disabled by options to conserve power. Power Down Operation - HALT The HALT mode is initialized by the ²HALT² instruction and results in the following: Watchdog Timer - WDT The WDT clock source is implemented by a dedicated RC oscillator (WDT oscillator) or instruction clock (system clock divided by 4) determined by options. This timer is designed to prevent a software malfunction or sequence jumping to an unknown location with unpredictable results. The watchdog timer can be disabled by option. If the watchdog timer is disabled, all executions related to the WDT result in no operation. · The system oscillator will be turned off but the WDT Once the internal WDT oscillator (RC oscillator with a period of 65ms at 5V normally) is selected, it is divided by 216 to get the nominal time-out period of approximately 5.1s at 5V. This time-out period may vary with temperature, VDD and process variations. By invoking the WDT prescaler, longer time-out periods can be realized. If the WDT oscillator is disabled, the WDT clock may still come from the instruction clock and operates in the same manner except that in the HALT state the WDT may stop counting and lose its protecting purpose. In this situation the logic can only be restarted by external logic. · All of the I/O ports maintain their original status. oscillator keeps running (if the WDT oscillator is selected). · The contents of the on-chip RAM and registers remain unchanged. · WDT and WDT prescaler will be cleared and re- counted again (if the WDT clock is from the WDT oscillator). · The PDF flag is set and the TO flag is cleared. The system can leave the HALT mode by means of an external reset, an interrupt, an external falling edge signal on port A or a WDT overflow. An external reset causes a device initialization and the WDT overflow performs a ²warm reset². After the TO and PDF flags are examined, the cause for a chip reset can be determined. The PDF flag is cleared by a system power-up or executing the ²CLR WDT² instruction and is set when executing the ²HALT² instruction. The TO flag is set if the WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets the Program Counter and SP, the other circuits maintain their original status. If the device operates in a noisy environment, using the on-chip RC oscillator (WDT OSC) is strongly recommended, since the HALT will stop the system clock. The port A wake-up and interrupt methods can be considered as a continuation of normal execution. Each bit in port A can be independently selected to wake up the The WDT overflow under normal operation will initialize a ²chip reset² and set the status bit ²TO². But in the S y s te m C lo c k /4 O p tio n S e le c t fs 7 - b it C o u n te r 8 - b it C o u n te r W D T O S C T T W D T T im e - o u t fs/2 1 5 ~ fs/2 1 6 C L R W D T Watchdog Timer Rev. 0.00 12 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E V device by the options. Awakening from an I/O port stimulus, the program will resume execution of the next instruction. If it awakens from an interrupt, two sequences may occur. If the related interrupt is disabled or the interrupt is enabled but the stack is full, the program will resume execution at the next instruction. If the interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, a regular interrupt response takes place. If an interrupt request flag is set to ²1² before entering the HALT mode, the wake-up function of the related interrupt will be disabled. Once a wake-up event occurs, it takes 1024 tSYS (system clock period) to resume normal operation. In other words, a dummy period will be inserted after wake-up. If the wake-up results from an interrupt acknowledge, the actual interrupt subroutine execution will be delayed by one or more cycles. If the wake-up results in the next instruction execution, this will be executed immediately after the dummy period is finished. D D 0 .0 1 m F * 1 0 0 k W R E S 1 0 k W 0 .1 m F * Reset Circuit Note: ²*² Make the length of the wiring, which is connected to the RES pin as short as possible, to avoid noise interference. H A L T W a rm R e s e t W D T To minimize power consumption, all the I/O pins should be carefully managed before entering the HALT status. R E S Reset O S C 1 There are three ways in which a reset can occur: C o ld R e s e t S S T 1 0 - b it R ip p le C o u n te r · RES reset during normal operation S y s te m · RES reset during HALT · WDT time-out reset during normal operation The WDT time-out during HALT is different from other chip reset conditions, since it can perform a ²warm re set² that resets only the Program Counter and SP, leaving the other circuits in their original state. Some registers remain unchanged during other reset conditions. Most registers are reset to the ²initial condition² when the reset conditions are met. By examining the PDF and TO flags, the program can distinguish between different ²chip resets². TO PDF Reset Configuration To guarantee that the system oscillator is started and stabilized, the SST (System Start-up Timer) provides an extra delay of 1024 system clock pulses when the system resets (power-up, WDT time-out or RES reset) or awakes from the HALT state. When a system reset occurs, the SST delay is added during the reset period. Any wake-up from HALT will enable the SST delay. RESET Conditions 0 0 RES reset during power-up u u RES reset during normal operation 0 1 RES wake-up HALT 1 u WDT time-out during normal operation 1 1 WDT wake-up HALT R e s e t An extra option load time delay is added during system reset (power-up, WDT time-out at normal mode or RES reset). The functional unit chip reset status are shown below. Note: ²u² means ²unchanged² Program Counter 000H Interrupt Disable Prescaler Clear WDT Clear. After master reset, WDT begins counting Timer/Event Counter Off Input/Output Ports Input mode SP Points to the top of the stack V D D R E S tS S T S S T T im e - o u t C h ip R e s e t Reset Timing Chart Rev. 0.00 13 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E The registers state are summarized in the following table. Reset (Power On) WDT time-out (Normal Operation) RES Reset (Normal Operation) RES Reset (HALT) WDT Time-out (HALT)* TMR xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu TMRC 00-0 1000 00-0 1000 00-0 1000 00-0 1000 uu-u uuuu 000H 000H 000H 000H 000H Register Program Counter MP -xxx xxxx -uuu uuuu -uuu uuuu -uuu uuuu -uuu uuuu ACC xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu TBLP xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu TBLH --xx xxxx --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu STATUS --00 xxxx --1u uuuu --uu uuuu --01 uuuu --11 uuuu INTC -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -uuu uuuu PA 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PAC 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PB ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- uuuu PBC ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- 1111 ---- uuuu PD ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---u PDC ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---1 ---- ---u ADRH xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu ADCR 0100 0000 0100 0000 0100 0000 0100 0000 uuuu uuuu ACSR 1--- --00 1--- --00 1--- --00 1--- --00 u--- --uu Note: ²*² means ²warm reset² ²u² means ²unchanged² ²x² means ²unknown² event count mode is used to count external events, which means the clock source comes from an external (TMR) pin. The timer mode functions as a normal timer with the clock source coming from the fINT clock. The pulse width measurement mode can be used to count the high or low level duration of the external signal (TMR). The counting is based on the fINT clock. Timer/Event Counter A timer/event counter (TMR) is implemented in the microcontroller. The timer/event counter contains an 8-bit programmable count-up counter and the clock may come from an external source or the system clock. Using external clock input allows the user to count external events, measure time internals or pulse widths, or generate an accurate time base. Using the internal clock allows the user to generate an accurate time base. In the event count or timer mode, once the timer/event counter starts counting, it will count from the current contents in the timer/event counter to FFH. Once overflow occurs, the counter is reloaded from the timer/event counter preload register and generates the interrupt request flag (TF; bit 5 of the INTC) at the same time. The timer/event counter can generate a PFD signal by using external or internal clock and PFD frequency is determine by the equation fINT/[2´(256-N)]. There are two registers related to the timer/event counter; TMR ([0DH]), TMRC ([0EH]). Two physical registers are mapped to TMR location. Writing TMR makes the starting value be placed in the timer/event counter preload register and reading TMR retrieves the contents of the timer/event counter. The TMRC is a timer/event counter control register, which defines some options. In the pulse width measurement mode with the TON and TE bits equal to one, once the TMR has received a transient from low to high (or high to low if the TE bits is ²0²) it will start counting until the TMR returns to the original level and resets the TON. The measured result will remain in the timer/event counter even if the activated transient occurs again. In other words, only one cycle measurement can be done. Until setting the TON, the The TM0, TM1 bits define the operating mode. The Rev. 0.00 14 December 30, 2004 Preliminary In the case of timer/event counter OFF condition, writing data to the timer/event counter preload register will also reload that data to the timer/event counter. But if the timer/event counter is turned on, data written to it will only be kept in the timer/event counter preload register. The timer/event counter will still operate until overflow occurs. When the timer/event counter (reading TMR) is read, the clock will be blocked to avoid errors. As clock blocking may result in a counting error, this must be taken into consideration by the programmer. cycle measurement will function again as long as it receives further transient pulse. Note that in this operating mode, the timer/event counter starts counting not according to the logic level but according to the transient edges. In the case of counter overflows, the counter is reloaded from the timer/event counter preload register and issues an interrupt request just like the other two modes. To enable the counting operation, the timer ON bit (TON; bit 4 of the TMRC) should be set to 1. In the pulse width measurement mode, the TON will be cleared automatically after the measurement cycle is completed. But in the other two modes the TON can only be reset by instructions. The timer/event counter overflow is one of the wake-up sources. No matter what the operation mode is, writing a 0 to ETI can disable the interrupt service. fS HT45R04/HT45R04E The bits 0~2 of the TMRC can be used to define the pre-scaling stages of the internal clock sources of the timer/event counter. The definitions are as shown. The overflow signal of the timer/event counter can be used to generate PFD signals for buzzer driving. 8 - s ta g e p r e s c a le r Y S f IN 8 -1 M U X P S C 2 ~ P S C 0 D a ta B u s T T M 1 T M 0 T M R T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r P r e lo a d R e g is te r R e lo a d T E T M 1 T M 0 T O N T im e r /E v e n t C o u n te r P u ls e W id th M e a s u re m e n t M o d e C o n tro l O v e r flo w 1 /2 to In te rru p t P F D Timer/Event Counter Bit No. Label Function PSC0~PSC2 Defines the prescaler stages, PSC2, PSC1, PSC0= 000: fSYS/20 001: fSYS/21 010: fSYS/22 011: fSYS/23 100: fSYS/24 101: fSYS/25 110: fSYS/26 111: fSYS/27 3 TE Defines the TMR active edge of the timer/event counter (0=active on low to high; 1=active on high to low) 4 TON Enables or disables the timer counting (0=disable; 1=enable) 0~2 ¾ 5 6 7 TM0 TM1 Unused bit, read as ²0² Defines the operating mode 01=Event count mode (external clock) 10=Timer mode (internal clock) 11=Pulse width measurement mode 00=Unused TMRC Register Rev. 0.00 15 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E [m].i², ²CPL [m]², ²CPLA [m]² read the entire port states into the CPU, execute the defined operations (bit-operation), and then write the results back to the latches or the accumulator. Input/Output Ports There are 13 bidirectional input/output lines in the microcontroller, labeled from PA, PB and PD, which are mapped to the data memory of [12H], [14H] and [18H] respectively. All of these I/O ports can be used for input and output operations. For input operation, these ports are non-latching, that is, the inputs must be ready at the T2 rising edge of instruction ²MOV A,[m]² (m=12H, 14H or 18H). For output operation, all the data is latched and remains unchanged until the output latch is rewritten. Each line of port A has the capability of waking-up the device. The highest 7-bit of port D and 4 bits of port B are not physically implemented, on reading them a ²0² is returned whereas writing then results in no-operation. See Application note. There is a pull-high option available for all I/O lines. Once the pull-high option is selected, all I/O lines have pull-high resistors. Otherwise, the pull-high resistors are absent. It should be noted that a non-pull-high I/O line operating in input mode will cause a floating state. Each I/O line has its own control register (PAC, PBC, PDC) to control the input/output configuration. With this control register, CMOS output or Schmitt trigger input with or without pull-high resistor structures can be reconfigured dynamically under software control. To function as an input, the corresponding latch of the control register must write ²1². The input source also depends on the control register. If the control register bit is ²1², the input will read the pad state. If the control register bit is ²0², the contents of the latches will move to the internal bus. The latter is possible in the ²read-modify-write² instruction. The PA3 is pin-shared with the PFD. If the PFD option is selected, the output signal in output mode of PA3 will be the PFD signal generated by the timer/event counter overflow signal. Those in the input mode always maintain their original functions. Once the PFD option is selected, the PFD output signal is controlled by PA3 data register only. Writing ²1² to PA3 data register will enable the PFD output function and writing ²0² will force the PA3 to remain at ²0². The I/O functions of PA3 are shown below. For output function, CMOS is the only configuration. These control registers are mapped to locations 13H, 15H and 19H. I/O I/P Mode (Normal) After a chip reset, these input/output lines remain at high levels or floating state (depending on pull-high options). Each bit of these input/output latches can be set or cleared by ²SET [m].i² and ²CLR [m].i² (m=12H, 14H or 18H) instructions. Logical Input PA3 Note: Some instructions first input data and then follow the output operations. For example, ²SET [m].i², ²CLR C o n tr o l B it Q D W r ite C o n tr o l R e g is te r C K R e a d C o n tr o l R e g is te r Logical Output Logical Input PFD (Timer on) D D P U P A P A P A P A P A P A P B P D Q D a ta B it Q D 0 ~ P 3 /P 4 /T 5 /IN 6 7 /S 0 /A 0 /S A 2 F D M R T D A N 0 ~ P B 3 /A N 3 C L Q C K W r ite D a ta R e g is te r O/P (PFD) The PA4, PA5 are pin-shared with TMR, INT pins respectively. S C h ip R e s e t I/P (PFD) The PFD frequency is the timer/event counter overflow frequency divided by 2. V D a ta B u s O/P (Normal) S M P A 3 P F D M R e a d D a ta R e g is te r S y s te m W a k e -u p ( P A o n ly ) U U X P F D E N (P A 3 ) X O P 0 ~ O P 7 IN T fo r P A 5 O n ly T M R fo r P A 4 O n ly Input/Output Ports Rev. 0.00 16 December 30, 2004 Preliminary A/D Converter Bit No. The 4 channels and 8-bit resolution A/D (7-bit accuracy) converter are implemented in this microcontroller. The reference voltage is VDD. The A/D converter contains three special registers, namely, ADRH (21H) ADCR (22H) and ACSR (23H). The ADRH is A/D result register higher-order byte and are read-only. After the A/D conversion is completed, the ADRH should be read to retrieve the conversion result data. The ADCR is an A/D converter control register, which defines the A/D channel number, analog channel select, start A/D conversion control bit and end of A/D conversion flag. If users want to start an A/D conversion, they should define the PB configuration, select the converted analog channel, and give START bit a raising edge and falling edge (0®1®0). At the end of A/D conversion, the EOCB bit is cleared and an A/D converter interrupt occurs (if the A/D converter interrupt is enabled). The ACSR is A/D clock setting register, which is used to select the A/D clock source. 0 1 0 1 2 ACS0 ACS1 Defines the analog channel select. ACS2 3 4 5 Defines the port B configuration select. PCR0 If PCR0, PCR1 and PCR2 are all zero, PCR1 the ADC circuit is powered off to rePCR2 duce power consumption. 6 Provides response at the end of the EOCB A/D conversion. (0= end of A/D conversion) 7 START Starts the A/D conversion. (0®1®0= start; 0®1= reset the A/D converter) ACS2 ACS1 ACS0 Analog Channel 0 0 0 AN0 0 0 1 AN1 0 1 0 AN2 0 1 1 AN3 When the A/D conversion is completed, the A/D interrupt request flag is set. The EOCB bit is set to ²1² when the START bit is set from ²0² to ²1². Register Bit7 Bit6 Bit5 Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 D7 ADRH Note: D6 D5 D3 D2 D1 D0 D0~D7 is A/D conversion result data bit LSB~MSB. PCR2 PCR1 PCR0 Function D4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 0 0 1 PB3 PB2 PB1 AN0 0 1 0 PB3 PB2 AN1 AN0 0 1 1 PB3 AN2 AN1 AN0 1 ¾ ¾ AN3 AN2 AN1 AN0 Port B Configuration Selects the A/D converter clock source 00= system clock/2 ADCS0 01= system clock/8 ADCS1 10= system clock/32 11= undefined ¾ 2~6 7 Function Analog Input Channel Selection The bit 7 of the ACSR is used for testing purposes only. It cannot be used by the users. The bit1 and bit0 of the ACSR are used to select the A/D clock sources. Label Label ADCR (22H) Register The A/D converter control register is used to control the A/D converter. The bit2~bit0 of the are used to select an analog input channel. There are a total of eight channels to select. The bit5~bit3 of the ADCR are used to set PB configurations. PB can be an analog input or as digital I/O line determined by these 3 bits. Once a PB line is selected as an analog input, the I/O functions and pull-high resistor of this I/O line are disabled and the A/D converter circuit is powered on. The EOCB bit (bit6 of the ADCR) is end of A/D conversion flag. Check this bit to know when A/D conversion is completed. The START bit of the ADCR is used to begin the conversion of the A/D converter. Giving START bit a rising edge and falling edge means that the A/D conversion has started. In order to ensure that A/D conversion is completed, the START should remain at ²0² until the EOCB is cleared to ²0² (end of A/D conversion). Bit No. HT45R04/HT45R04E Unused bit, read as ²0² TEST For test mode used only ACSR (23H) Register Rev. 0.00 17 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E The following two programming examples illustrate how to setup and implement an A/D conversion. In the first example, the method of polling the EOCB bit in the ADCR register is used to detect when the conversion cycle is complete, whereas in the second example, the A/D interrupt is used to determine when the conversion is complete. Example: using EOCB Polling Method to detect end of conversion clr INTC.3 mov a,00100000B mov ADCR,a mov a,00000001B mov ACSR,a Start_conversion: clr ADCR.7 set ADCR.7 clr ADCR.7 Polling_EOC: sz ADCR.6 jmp polling_EOC mov a,ADRH mov adrh_buffer,a : : jmp start_conversion ; disable A/D interrupt in interrupt control register ; setup ADCR register to configure Port PB0~PB3 as A/D inputs and select ; AN0 to be connected to the A/D converter ; setup the ACSR register to select fSYS/8 as the A/D clock ; reset A/D ; start A/D ; poll the ADCR register EOCB bit to detect end of A/D conversion ; continue polling ; read conversion result from the high byte ADRH register ; save result to user defined register ; start next A/D conversion Example: using the Interrupt method to detect end of conversion set INTC.0 set INTC.3 mov a,00100000B mov ADCR,a mov a,00000001B mov ACSR,a start_conversion: clr ADCR.7 set ADCR.7 clr ADCR.7 : : ; interrupt service routine EOC_service routine: mov a_buffer,a mov a,ADRH mov adrh_buffer,a clr ADCR.7 set ADCR.7 clr ADCR.7 mov a,a_buffer reti Rev. 0.00 ; interrupt global enable ; enable A/D interrupt in interrupt control register ; setup ADCR register to configure Port PB0~PB3 as A/D inputs and select ; AN0 to be connected to the A/D converter ; setup the ACSR register to select fSYS/8 as the A/D clock ; reset A/D ; start A/D ; save ACC to user defined register ; read conversion result from the high byte ADRH register ; save result to user defined register ; reset A/D ; start A/D ; restore ACC from temporary storage 18 December 30, 2004 Preliminary M in im u m HT45R04/HT45R04E o n e in s tr u c tio n c y c le n e e d e d S T A R T E O C B A /D s a m p lin g tim e 3 2 tA D P C R 2 ~ P C R 0 0 0 0 B A /D s a m p lin g tim e 3 2 tA D 1 0 0 B 1 0 0 B 0 0 0 B 1 . P B p o rt s e tu p a s I/O s 2 . A /D c o n v e r te r is p o w e r e d o ff to r e d u c e p o w e r c o n s u m p tio n A C S 2 ~ A C S 0 0 0 0 B P o w e r-o n R e s e t 0 1 0 B 0 0 0 B S ta rt o f A /D c o n v e r s io n S ta rt o f A /D c o n v e r s io n R e s e t A /D c o n v e rte r R e s e t A /D c o n v e rte r E n d o f A /D c o n v e r s io n 1 : D e fin e P B c o n fig u r a tio n 2 : S e le c t a n a lo g c h a n n e l A /D N o te : A /D c lo c k m u s t b e fS Y S /2 , fS 7 6 tA D c o n v e r s io n tim e Y S /8 o r fS Y S d o n 't c a r e E n d o f A /D c o n v e r s io n A /D 7 6 tA D c o n v e r s io n tim e /3 2 A/D Conversion Timing Low Voltage Reset - LVR The relationship between VDD and VLVR is shown below. The microcontroller provides low voltage reset circuit in order to monitor the supply voltage of the device. If the supply voltage of the device is within the range 0.9V~VLVR, such as changing a battery, the LVR will automatically reset the device internally. V D D 5 .5 V V O P R 5 .5 V V The LVR includes the following specifications: L V R 3 .0 V 2 .2 V · The low voltage (0.9V~VLVR) state has to be main- tained for more than 1ms, and the other circuits remain in their original state. If the low voltage state does not exceed 1ms, the LVR will ignore it and do not perform a reset function. 0 .9 V Note: · The LVR uses the ²OR² function with the external VOPR is the voltage range for proper chip operation at 2MHz system clock. RES signal to perform a chip reset. Rev. 0.00 19 December 30, 2004 Preliminary V HT45R04/HT45R04E D D 5 .5 V V L V R L V R D e te c t V o lta g e 0 .9 V 0 V R e s e t S ig n a l N o r m a l O p e r a tio n R e s e t R e s e t *1 *2 Low Voltage Reset Note: *1: To make sure that the system oscillator has stabilized, the SST provides an extra delay of 1024 system clock pulses before entering the normal operation. *2: Since low voltage has to be maintained for more than 1ms, otherwise the system remain in their original state. Therefore a 1ms delay has to elapse before entering the reset mode. Options The following table shows all kinds of options in the microcontroller. All of the options must be defined to ensure proper system functioning. No. Options 1 WDT clock source: WDTOSC or fSYS/4 2 WDT function: enable or disable 3 LVR function: enable or disable 4 CLRWDT instruction (s): One or two clear WDT instruction (s) 5 System oscillator: RC or crystal 6 Pull-high resistors (PA): none or pull-high 7 Pull-high resistors (PB): none or pull-high 8 Pull-high resistors (PD): none or pull-high 9 PFD function: enable or disable 10 PA0~PA7 wake-up: enable or disable Rev. 0.00 20 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Data EEPROM Functional Description · Serial clock (SCL) Device Addressing The SCL input is used for positive edge clock data into each EEPROM device and negative edge clock data out of each device. The 1K EEPROM devices all require an 8-bit device address word following a start condition to enable the chip for a read or write operation. The device address word consist of a mandatory one, zero sequence for the first four most significant bits (refer to the diagram showing the Device Address). This is common to all the EEPROM device. · Serial data (SDA) The SDA pin is bidirectional for serial data transfer. The pin is open-drain driven and may be wired-OR with any number of other open-drain or open collector devices. The next three bits are the fixed to be ²0². The 8th bit of device address is the read/write operation select bit. A read operation is initiated if this bit is high and a write operation is initiated if this bit is low. Memory Organization · 1K Serial EEPROM Internally organized with 128 8-bit words, the 1K requires an 8-bit data word address for random word addressing. If the comparison of the device address succeed the EEPROM will output a zero at ACK bit. If not, the chip will return to a standby state. Device Operations 1 · Clock and data transition 0 1 0 0 0 0 R /W D e v ic e A d d r e s s Data transfer may be initiated only when the bus is not busy. During data transfer, the data line must remain stable whenever the clock line is high. Changes in data line while the clock line is high will be interpreted as a START or STOP condition. Write Operations · Byte write A write operation requires an 8-bit data word address following the device address word and acknowledgment. Upon receipt of this address, the EEPROM will again respond with a zero and then clock in the first 8-bit data word. After receiving the 8-bit data word, the EEPROM will output a zero and the addressing device, such as a microcontroller, must terminate the write sequence with a stop condition. At this time the EEPROM enters an internally-timed write cycle to the non-volatile memory. All inputs are disabled during this write cycle and EEPROM will not respond until the write is completed (refer to Byte write timing). · Start condition A high-to-low transition of SDA with SCL high is a start condition which must precede any other command (refer to Start and Stop Definition Timing diagram). · Stop condition A low-to-high transition of SDA with SCL high is a stop condition. After a read sequence, the stop command will place the EEPROM in a standby power mode (refer to Start and Stop Definition Timing Diagram). · Acknowledge All addresses and data words are serially transmitted to and from the EEPROM in 8-bit words. The EEPROM sends a zero to acknowledge that it has received each word. This happens during the ninth clock cycle. · Acknowledge polling To maximise bus throughput, one technique is to allow the master to poll for an acknowledge signal after the start condition and the control byte for a write command have been sent. If the device is still busy implementing its write cycle, then no ACK will be returned. The master can send the next read/write command when the ACK signal has finally been received. D a ta a llo w e d to c h a n g e S D A S C L S ta rt c o n d itio n A d d re s s o r a c k n o w le d g e v a lid N o A C K s ta te S to p c o n d itio n D e v ic e a d d r e s s S D A W o rd a d d re s s D A T A S S ta rt P R /W A C K A C K A C K S to p Byte Write Timing Rev. 0.00 21 December 30, 2004 Preliminary page. The address roll over during write from the last byte of the current page to the first byte of the same page. Once the device address with the read/write select bit set to one is clocked in and acknowledged by the EEPROM, the current address data word is serially clocked out. The microcontroller should respond a No ACK (High) signal and following stop condition (refer to Current read timing). S e n d W r ite C o m m a n d S e n d S to p C o n d itio n to In itia te W r ite C y c le S e n d S ta rt S e n d C o tr o ll B y te w ith R /W = 0 (A C K = 0 )? · Random read A random read requires a dummy byte write sequence to load in the data word address which is then clocked in and acknowledged by the EEPROM. The microcontroller must then generate another start condition. The microcontroller now initiates a current address read by sending a device address with the read/write select bit high. The EEPROM acknowledges the device address and serially clocks out the data word. The microcontroller should respond with a ²no ACK² signal (high) followed by a stop condition. (refer to Random read timing). N o Y e s N e x t O p e r a tio n Acknowledge Polling Flow · Read operations · Sequential read The data EEPROM supports three read operations, namely, current address read, random address read and sequential read. During read operation execution, the read/write select bit should be set to ²1². Sequential reads are initiated by either a current address read or a random address read. After the microcontroller receives a data word, it responds with an acknowledgment. As long as the EEPROM receives an acknowledgment, it will continue to increment the data word address and serially clock out sequential data words. When the memory address limit is reached, the data word address will roll over and the sequential read continues. The sequential read operation is terminated when the microcontroller responds with a ²no ACK² signal (high) followed by a stop condition. · Current address read The internal data word address counter maintains the last address accessed during the last read or write operation, incremented by one. This address stays valid between operations as long as the chip power is maintained. The address roll over during read from the last byte of the last memory page to the first byte of the first D e v ic e a d d r e s s S D A HT45R04/HT45R04E D A T A S to p S P S ta rt A C K N o A C K Current Read Timing D e v ic e a d d r e s s W o rd a d d re s s S S S D A D A T A D e v ic e a d d r e s s S ta rt P A C K S ta rt A C K S to p A C K N o A C K Random Read Timing D e v ic e a d d r e s s S D A D A T A n D A T A n + 1 S S ta rt D A T A n + x S to p P A C K A C K N o A C K Sequential Read Timing Rev. 0.00 22 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Data EEPROM Timing Diagrams tf tr tL S C L tS S D A U :S tH T A tS tH IG H D O W :S T A tH D :D A T tS :D U A T tS U tB U F :S T O P tA S D A A V a lid O U T V a lid S C L S D A 8 th b it A C K W o rd n tW S to p C o n d itio n Note: R S ta rt C o n d itio n The write cycle time tWR is the time from a valid stop condition of a write sequence to the end of the valid start condition of sequential command. Rev. 0.00 23 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Application Circuits V D D 0 .0 1 m F * V D D P A 0 ~ P A 2 1 0 0 k W P A 3 /P F D 0 .1 m F R E S P A 4 /T M R 1 0 k W P A 5 /IN T 0 .1 m F * V D D P A 6 V S S 4 7 0 p F P A 7 /S D A * R O S C C ir c u it O S C 1 O S C 2 S e e R ig h t S id e O S C P B 0 /A N 0 P B 3 /A N 3 C 1 P D 0 /S C L * C 2 O S C 1 fS Y S /4 R C S y s te m O s c illa to r 2 4 k W < R O S C < 1 M W O S C 2 O S C 1 O S C 2 R 1 H T 4 5 R 0 4 /H T 4 5 R 0 4 E O S C C ry s ta l S y s te m F o r th e v a lu e s , s e e ta b le b e lo w O s c illa to r C ir c u it N o te : " * " S D A a n d S C L p in s a r e fo r H T 4 5 R 0 4 E o n ly . Note: The resistance and capacitance for the reset circuit should be designed to ensure that the VDD is stable and remains in a valid range of the operating voltage before bringing RES to high. ²*² Make the length of the wiring, which is connected to the RES pin as short as possible, to avoid noise interference. The following table shows the C1, C2 and R1 values corresponding to the different crystal values. (For reference only) Crystal or Resonator C1, C2 R1 4MHz Crystal 0pF 10kW 4MHz Resonator 10pF 12kW 3.58MHz Crystal 0pF 10kW 3.58MHz Resonator 25pF 10kW 2MHz Crystal & Resonator 25pF 10kW 1MHz Crystal 35pF 27kW 480kHz Resonator 300pF 9.1kW 455kHz Resonator 300pF 10kW 429kHz Resonator 300pF 10kW The function of the resistor R1 is to ensure that the oscillator will switch off should low voltage conditions occur. Such a low voltage, as mentioned here, is one which is less than the lowest value of the MCU operating voltage. Note however that if the LVR is enabled then R1 can be removed. Rev. 0.00 24 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Instruction Set Summary Description Instruction Cycle Flag Affected Add data memory to ACC Add ACC to data memory Add immediate data to ACC Add data memory to ACC with carry Add ACC to data memory with carry Subtract immediate data from ACC Subtract data memory from ACC Subtract data memory from ACC with result in data memory Subtract data memory from ACC with carry Subtract data memory from ACC with carry and result in data memory Decimal adjust ACC for addition with result in data memory 1 1(1) 1 1 1(1) 1 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1(1) Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV C 1 1 1 1(1) 1(1) 1(1) 1 1 1 1(1) 1 Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Increment data memory with result in ACC Increment data memory Decrement data memory with result in ACC Decrement data memory 1 1(1) 1 1(1) Z Z Z Z Rotate data memory right with result in ACC Rotate data memory right Rotate data memory right through carry with result in ACC Rotate data memory right through carry Rotate data memory left with result in ACC Rotate data memory left Rotate data memory left through carry with result in ACC Rotate data memory left through carry 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1 1(1) None None C C None None C C Move data memory to ACC Move ACC to data memory Move immediate data to ACC 1 1(1) 1 None None None Clear bit of data memory Set bit of data memory 1(1) 1(1) None None Mnemonic Arithmetic ADD A,[m] ADDM A,[m] ADD A,x ADC A,[m] ADCM A,[m] SUB A,x SUB A,[m] SUBM A,[m] SBC A,[m] SBCM A,[m] DAA [m] Logic Operation AND A,[m] OR A,[m] XOR A,[m] ANDM A,[m] ORM A,[m] XORM A,[m] AND A,x OR A,x XOR A,x CPL [m] CPLA [m] AND data memory to ACC OR data memory to ACC Exclusive-OR data memory to ACC AND ACC to data memory OR ACC to data memory Exclusive-OR ACC to data memory AND immediate data to ACC OR immediate data to ACC Exclusive-OR immediate data to ACC Complement data memory Complement data memory with result in ACC Increment & Decrement INCA [m] INC [m] DECA [m] DEC [m] Rotate RRA [m] RR [m] RRCA [m] RRC [m] RLA [m] RL [m] RLCA [m] RLC [m] Data Move MOV A,[m] MOV [m],A MOV A,x Bit Operation CLR [m].i SET [m].i Rev. 0.00 25 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Instruction Cycle Flag Affected Jump unconditionally Skip if data memory is zero Skip if data memory is zero with data movement to ACC Skip if bit i of data memory is zero Skip if bit i of data memory is not zero Skip if increment data memory is zero Skip if decrement data memory is zero Skip if increment data memory is zero with result in ACC Skip if decrement data memory is zero with result in ACC Subroutine call Return from subroutine Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC Return from interrupt 2 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(3) 1(3) 1(2) 1(2) 2 2 2 2 None None None None None None None None None None None None None Read ROM code (current page) to data memory and TBLH Read ROM code (last page) to data memory and TBLH (This instruction is not valid for HT48R05A-1/HT48C05) 2(1) 2(1) None None No operation Clear data memory Set data memory Clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Swap nibbles of data memory Swap nibbles of data memory with result in ACC Enter power down mode 1 1(1) 1(1) 1 1 1 1(1) 1 1 None None None TO,PDF TO(4),PDF(4) TO(4),PDF(4) None None TO,PDF Mnemonic Description Branch JMP addr SZ [m] SZA [m] SZ [m].i SNZ [m].i SIZ [m] SDZ [m] SIZA [m] SDZA [m] CALL addr RET RET A,x RETI Table Read TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m] Miscellaneous NOP CLR [m] SET [m] CLR WDT CLR WDT1 CLR WDT2 SWAP [m] SWAPA [m] HALT Note: x: Immediate data m: Data memory address A: Accumulator i: 0~7 number of bits addr: Program memory address Ö: Flag is affected -: Flag is not affected (1) : If a loading to the PCL register occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more cycle (four system clocks). (2) : If a skipping to the next instruction occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more cycle (four system clocks). Otherwise the original instruction cycle is unchanged. (3) (1) : (4) Rev. 0.00 and (2) : The flags may be affected by the execution status. If the Watchdog Timer is cleared by executing the ²CLR WDT1² or ²CLR WDT2² instruction, the TO and PDF are cleared. Otherwise the TO and PDF flags remain unchanged. 26 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Instruction Definition ADC A,[m] Add data memory and carry to the accumulator Description The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+C Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö ADCM A,[m] Add the accumulator and carry to data memory Description The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the specified data memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC+[m]+C Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö ADD A,[m] Add data memory to the accumulator Description The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+[m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö ADD A,x Add immediate data to the accumulator Description The contents of the accumulator and the specified data are added, leaving the result in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+x Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö ADDM A,[m] Add the accumulator to the data memory Description The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is stored in the data memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC+[m] Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö 27 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E AND A,[m] Logical AND accumulator with data memory Description Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ AND A,x Logical AND immediate data to the accumulator Description Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²AND² x Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ ANDM A,[m] Logical AND data memory with the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the data memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC ²AND² [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ CALL addr Subroutine call Description The instruction unconditionally calls a subroutine located at the indicated address. The program counter increments once to obtain the address of the next instruction, and pushes this onto the stack. The indicated address is then loaded. Program execution continues with the instruction at this address. Operation Stack ¬ Program Counter+1 Program Counter ¬ addr Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ CLR [m] Clear data memory Description The contents of the specified data memory are cleared to 0. Operation [m] ¬ 00H Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 28 December 30, 2004 Preliminary CLR [m].i Clear bit of data memory Description The bit i of the specified data memory is cleared to 0. Operation [m].i ¬ 0 HT45R04/HT45R04E Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ CLR WDT Clear Watchdog Timer Description The WDT is cleared (clears the WDT). The power down bit (PDF) and time-out bit (TO) are cleared. Operation WDT ¬ 00H PDF and TO ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C 0 0 ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ CLR WDT1 Preclear Watchdog Timer Description Together with CLR WDT2, clears the WDT. PDF and TO are also cleared. Only execution of this instruction without the other preclear instruction just sets the indicated flag which implies this instruction has been executed and the TO and PDF flags remain unchanged. Operation WDT ¬ 00H* PDF and TO ¬ 0* Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C 0* 0* ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ CLR WDT2 Preclear Watchdog Timer Description Together with CLR WDT1, clears the WDT. PDF and TO are also cleared. Only execution of this instruction without the other preclear instruction, sets the indicated flag which implies this instruction has been executed and the TO and PDF flags remain unchanged. Operation WDT ¬ 00H* PDF and TO ¬ 0* Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C 0* 0* ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ CPL [m] Complement data memory Description Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa. Operation [m] ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ 29 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E CPLA [m] Complement data memory and place result in the accumulator Description Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1¢s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa. The complemented result is stored in the accumulator and the contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ DAA [m] Decimal-Adjust accumulator for addition Description The accumulator value is adjusted to the BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) code. The accumulator is divided into two nibbles. Each nibble is adjusted to the BCD code and an internal carry (AC1) will be done if the low nibble of the accumulator is greater than 9. The BCD adjustment is done by adding 6 to the original value if the original value is greater than 9 or a carry (AC or C) is set; otherwise the original value remains unchanged. The result is stored in the data memory and only the carry flag (C) may be affected. Operation If ACC.3~ACC.0 >9 or AC=1 then [m].3~[m].0 ¬ (ACC.3~ACC.0)+6, AC1=AC else [m].3~[m].0 ¬ (ACC.3~ACC.0), AC1=0 and If ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1 >9 or C=1 then [m].7~[m].4 ¬ ACC.7~ACC.4+6+AC1,C=1 else [m].7~[m].4 ¬ ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1,C=C Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö DEC [m] Decrement data memory Description Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1. Operation [m] ¬ [m]-1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ DECA [m] Decrement data memory and place result in the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m]-1 Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ 30 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E HALT Enter power down mode Description This instruction stops program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents of the RAM and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The power down bit (PDF) is set and the WDT time-out bit (TO) is cleared. Operation Program Counter ¬ Program Counter+1 PDF ¬ 1 TO ¬ 0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C 0 1 ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ INC [m] Increment data memory Description Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1 Operation [m] ¬ [m]+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ INCA [m] Increment data memory and place result in the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC ¬ [m]+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ JMP addr Directly jump Description The program counter are replaced with the directly-specified address unconditionally, and control is passed to this destination. Operation Program Counter ¬addr Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ MOV A,[m] Move data memory to the accumulator Description The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ [m] Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 31 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E MOV A,x Move immediate data to the accumulator Description The 8-bit data specified by the code is loaded into the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ x Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ MOV [m],A Move the accumulator to data memory Description The contents of the accumulator are copied to the specified data memory (one of the data memories). Operation [m] ¬ACC Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ NOP No operation Description No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction. Operation Program Counter ¬ Program Counter+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ OR A,[m] Logical OR accumulator with data memory Description Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory (one of the data memories) perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ OR A,x Logical OR immediate data to the accumulator Description Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²OR² x Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ ORM A,[m] Logical OR data memory with the accumulator Description Data in the data memory (one of the data memories) and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory. Operation [m] ¬ACC ²OR² [m] Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ 32 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E RET Return from subroutine Description The program counter is restored from the stack. This is a 2-cycle instruction. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RET A,x Return and place immediate data in the accumulator Description The program counter is restored from the stack and the accumulator loaded with the specified 8-bit immediate data. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack ACC ¬ x Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RETI Return from interrupt Description The program counter is restored from the stack, and interrupts are enabled by setting the EMI bit. EMI is the enable master (global) interrupt bit. Operation Program Counter ¬ Stack EMI ¬ 1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RL [m] Rotate data memory left Description The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. Operation [m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].0 ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RLA [m] Rotate data memory left and place result in the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0, leaving the rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.0 ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 33 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E RLC [m] Rotate data memory left through carry Description The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0 position. Operation [m].(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].0 ¬ C C ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö RLCA [m] Rotate left through carry and place result in the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0 position. The rotated result is stored in the accumulator but the contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.(i+1) ¬ [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.0 ¬ C C ¬ [m].7 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö RR [m] Rotate data memory right Description The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated to bit 7. Operation [m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].7 ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RRA [m] Rotate right and place result in the accumulator Description Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated into bit 7, leaving the rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.(i) ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.7 ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ RRC [m] Rotate data memory right through carry Description The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are together rotated 1 bit right. Bit 0 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position. Operation [m].i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].7 ¬ C C ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö 34 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E RRCA [m] Rotate right through carry and place result in the accumulator Description Data of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit right. Bit 0 replaces the carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position. The rotated result is stored in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.i ¬ [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.7 ¬ C C ¬ [m].0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö SBC A,[m] Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator Description The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+C Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö SBCM A,[m] Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator Description The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the data memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC+[m]+C Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö SDZ [m] Skip if decrement data memory is 0 Description The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if ([m]-1)=0, [m] ¬ ([m]-1) Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SDZA [m] Decrement data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0 Description The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the accumulator but the data memory remains unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if ([m]-1)=0, ACC ¬ ([m]-1) Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 35 December 30, 2004 Preliminary SET [m] Set data memory Description Each bit of the specified data memory is set to 1. Operation [m] ¬ FFH HT45R04/HT45R04E Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SET [m]. i Set bit of data memory Description Bit i of the specified data memory is set to 1. Operation [m].i ¬ 1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SIZ [m] Skip if increment data memory is 0 Description The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if ([m]+1)=0, [m] ¬ ([m]+1) Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SIZA [m] Increment data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0 Description The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped and the result is stored in the accumulator. The data memory remains unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if ([m]+1)=0, ACC ¬ ([m]+1) Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SNZ [m].i Skip if bit i of the data memory is not 0 Description If bit i of the specified data memory is not 0, the next instruction is skipped. If bit i of the data memory is not 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if [m].i¹0 Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 36 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E SUB A,[m] Subtract data memory from the accumulator Description The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+[m]+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö SUBM A,[m] Subtract data memory from the accumulator Description The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the data memory. Operation [m] ¬ ACC+[m]+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö SUB A,x Subtract immediate data from the accumulator Description The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC+x+1 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ Ö Ö Ö Ö SWAP [m] Swap nibbles within the data memory Description The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory (1 of the data memories) are interchanged. Operation [m].3~[m].0 « [m].7~[m].4 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SWAPA [m] Swap data memory and place result in the accumulator Description The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory are interchanged, writing the result to the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. Operation ACC.3~ACC.0 ¬ [m].7~[m].4 ACC.7~ACC.4 ¬ [m].3~[m].0 Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 37 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E SZ [m] Skip if data memory is 0 Description If the contents of the specified data memory are 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if [m]=0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SZA [m] Move data memory to ACC, skip if 0 Description The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator. If the contents is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if [m]=0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ SZ [m].i Skip if bit i of the data memory is 0 Description If bit i of the specified data memory is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Operation Skip if [m].i=0 Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ TABRDC [m] Move the ROM code (current page) to TBLH and data memory Description The low byte of ROM code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly. Operation [m] ¬ ROM code (low byte) TBLH ¬ ROM code (high byte) Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ TABRDL [m] Move the ROM code (last page) to TBLH and data memory Description The low byte of ROM code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly. Note that this instruction is not valid for HT48R05A-1/HT48C05 Operation [m] ¬ ROM code (low byte) TBLH ¬ ROM code (high byte) Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ 38 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E XOR A,[m] Logical XOR accumulator with data memory Description Data in the accumulator and the indicated data memory perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation and the result is stored in the accumulator. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ XORM A,[m] Logical XOR data memory with the accumulator Description Data in the indicated data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory. The 0 flag is affected. Operation [m] ¬ ACC ²XOR² [m] Affected flag(s) TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ XOR A,x Logical XOR immediate data to the accumulator Description Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. The 0 flag is affected. Operation ACC ¬ ACC ²XOR² x Affected flag(s) Rev. 0.00 TO PDF OV Z AC C ¾ ¾ ¾ Ö ¾ ¾ 39 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Package Information 18-pin SOP (300mil) Outline Dimensions 1 0 1 8 B A 9 1 C C ' G H D E Symbol Rev. 0.00 = F Dimensions in mil Min. Nom. Max. A 394 ¾ 419 B 290 ¾ 300 C 14 ¾ 20 C¢ 447 ¾ 460 D 92 ¾ 104 E ¾ 50 ¾ F 4 ¾ ¾ G 32 ¾ 38 H 4 ¾ 12 a 0° ¾ 10° 40 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Product Tape and Reel Specifications Reel Dimensions D T 2 A C B T 1 SOP 18W Symbol Description Dimensions in mm A Reel Outer Diameter 330±1 B Reel Inner Diameter 62±1.5 C Spindle Hole Diameter 13+0.5 -0.2 D Key Slit Width 2±0.5 T1 Space Between Flange 24.8+0.3 -0.2 T2 Reel Thickness 30.2±0.2 Rev. 0.00 41 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Carrier Tape Dimensions P 0 D P 1 t E F W C D 1 B 0 P K 0 A 0 SOP 18W Symbol Description Dimensions in mm W Carrier Tape Width 24+0.3 -0.1 P Cavity Pitch 16±0.1 E Perforation Position 1.75±0.1 F Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) 11.5±0.1 D Perforation Diameter 1.5±0.1 D1 Cavity Hole Diameter 1.5+0.25 P0 Perforation Pitch 4±0.1 P1 Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) 2±0.1 A0 Cavity Length 10.9±0.1 B0 Cavity Width 12±0.1 K0 Cavity Depth 2.8±0.1 t Carrier Tape Thickness 0.3±0.05 C Cover Tape Width Rev. 0.00 21.3 42 December 30, 2004 Preliminary HT45R04/HT45R04E Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters) No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan Tel: 886-3-563-1999 Fax: 886-3-563-1189 http://www.holtek.com.tw Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office) 4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2655-7070 Fax: 886-2-2655-7373 Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline) Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office) 7th Floor, Building 2, No.889, Yi Shan Rd., Shanghai, China 200233 Tel: 021-6485-5560 Fax: 021-6485-0313 http://www.holtek.com.cn Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office) 43F, SEG Plaza, Shen Nan Zhong Road, Shenzhen, China 518031 Tel: 0755-8346-5589 Fax: 0755-8346-5590 ISDN: 0755-8346-5591 Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office) Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031 Tel: 010-6641-0030, 6641-7751, 6641-7752 Fax: 010-6641-0125 Holmate Semiconductor, Inc. (North America Sales Office) 46712 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538 Tel: 510-252-9880 Fax: 510-252-9885 http://www.holmate.com Copyright Ó 2004 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek¢s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw. Rev. 0.00 43 December 30, 2004