DATA BULLETIN CMX017 UHF FM/FSK Transmitter ADVANCE INFORMATION Features Applications • • • • • • • • • Direct FM/FSK UHF Modulator Adjustable Modulator Output Power Integrated Power Amplifier with Output Power up to +20dBm (100mW) Low Power 2.7V Operation Powersave and Zero-Power (<10µA) Modes 28-Pin SSOP Package GAIN FM/FSK MODULATOR • • • • General Radio Link 860-965MHz General 915MHz ISM Band (USA) Spread Spectrum Wireless Systems Fixed Frequency Transmissions Analog/Digital Cordless Phones Handheld Data Terminals SO-HO Wireless Data Links MODOUT PAIN IPAOUT POWER AMPLIFIER DRIVER POWER AMPLIFIER MODIN PAOUT TANK BUFFERED OSCILLATOR OUTPUT OSCOUT BANDGAP & BIAS CONTROL ENLMOD ENLPA The CMX017 is a single chip UHF FM/FSK transmitter that combines both the RF VCO Modulator and RF Power Amplifier. It is suitable for both audio FM and digital FSK transmissions. A buffered oscillator output provides the RF signal drive to an external synthesizer or fixed frequency phaselocked loop for channel frequency selection. Modulator output power is adjustable over a 20dB range and the integrated power amplifier delivers up to +20dBm. The device also includes a powersave mode: “Transmit Standby” and a zero-power mode: “Sleep”. These allow independent power down control of both the modulator and power amplifier, thereby maximizing battery life. The device can be used in conjunction with the CMX018, a double-conversion super-heterodyne receiver, to implement a complete UHF radio link. The CMX017 operates from a 2.7V to 3.3V power supply and is available in the following package style: 28-pin SSOP (CMX017D6). 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 2 CMX017 Advance Information CONTENTS Section Page 1 Block Diagram................................................................................................................ 3 2 Signal List....................................................................................................................... 4 3 External Components.................................................................................................... 5 4 General Description....................................................................................................... 6 4.1 FM/FSK Modulator + PA Driver ........................................................................................... 6 4.2 Power Amplifier (PA) ........................................................................................................... 6 4.3 Power-Down Modes ............................................................................................................ 6 5 Application Notes .......................................................................................................... 6 5.1 Generation of the Modulated RF Signal .............................................................................. 6 5.2 Power-Down Modes ............................................................................................................ 7 6 Performance Specification.......................................................................................... 10 6.1 Electrical Performance ...................................................................................................... 10 6.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings.................................................................................................. 10 6.1.2 Operating Limits ................................................................................................................... 10 6.1.3 Operating Characteristics..................................................................................................... 10 6.1.4 Packaging............................................................................................................................. 12 MX-COM, Inc reserves the right to change specifications at any time and without notice. 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 3 CMX017 Advance Information 1 Block Diagram VCC3 1 28 PAIN GAIN 2 27 GND GND 3 26 MODOUT GND 4 25 GND GND 5 24 VCC2 23 OSCOUT 22 VCC1 21 GND PA DRIVER PA STAGE 1 BUFFERED OSCILLATOR OUTPUT IPAOUT 6 GND 7 PA STAGE 2 GND 8 FM/FSK MODULATOR PAOUT 9 20 TANK GND 10 19 GND GND 11 18 MODIN SUBSTRATE VCC4 12 17 GND ENLPA 13 16 ENLMOD GND 14 15 GND PACKAGE GROUND PACKAGE GROUND Figure 1: Internal Block Diagram 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 4 CMX017 Advance Information 2 Signal List Pin No. Description Signal D6 Package 1 2 Name VCC3 GAIN Type power input Power amplifier (first stage) power supply - nominally 3.0V Modulator output (pin 26) - Power control 3 GND ground Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier 4 5 GND GND ground ground Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier 6 IPAOUT output Output (open-collector) from the first stage of the power amplifier 7 GND ground Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier 8 9 GND PAOUT ground output Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier 10 11 GND GND ground ground Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier Ground-plane connection to the power amplifier 12 VCC4 power Power amplifier (second stage) power supply – nominally 3.0V 13 ENLPA CMOS input Power Amplifier powersave logic control. A logic “0” powers down the Power Amplifier and Driver stages 14 15 GND GND ground ground Ground-plane connection Ground-plane connection 16 ENLMOD CMOS input Modulator zero-power logic control. A logic “0” powers down the Modulator and Buffered Oscillator stages 17 GND ground Ground-plane connection 18 19 MODIN GND input ground Baseband modulation input signal Ground-plane connection to the VCO 20 21 TANK GND input ground VCO Tank circuit/Resonator connection Ground-plane connection to the modulator and VCO buffer Output (open-collector) from the second stage of the power amplifier 22 VCC1 power Modulator power supply – nominally 3.0V 23 24 OSCOUT VCC2 output power Buffered Oscillator (open-collector) output Power Amplifier Driver power supply - nominally 3.0V 25 26 GND MODOUT ground output Ground-plane connection for the Power Amplifier Driver Modulator output 27 28 GND PAIN ground input Ground-plane connection for the Power Amplifier Driver Power Amplifier input Table 1: Signal List 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 5 CMX017 Advance Information 3 External Components POWER CONTROL 3V C1 VCC3 CDEC GAIN C6 GND GND GND C7 IPAOUT L1 GND C5 Tx SIGNAL GND L2 PAOUT GND C8 GND VCC4 ENLPA C9 GND 28 1 27 2 26 3 25 4 24 5 23 6 22 7 CMX017D6 21 8 20 9 19 10 18 11 17 12 16 13 15 14 L3 PAIN RF to PLL GND C2 MODOUT C10 3V GND C11 CDEC VCC2 OSCOUT L4 VCC1 RESONATOR GND R1 TANK GND From PLL D1 C3 C4 R4 MODIN GND C12 BASE-BAND R2 ENLMOD R3 SMD POT R1R1 GND ENABLE MODULATOR ENABLE POWER AMPLIFIER CDEC º 1m F 10nF 100pF Figure 2: Example of CMX017 with External Components C1 5.6pF C12 100pF C2 33pF D1 Varactor Varactor diode, type SMV1233-011 C3 C4 4.3pF TBD ~ L1 Resonator 1.5nH Co-Axial Resonator, type RG402, length = 11mm, shorted end C5 C6 100pF 100pF L2 L3 22nH 6.8nH C7 C8 100pF 100pF L4 R1 22nH 10kΩ C9 100pF R2 10kΩ C10 100pF R3 TBD Value is application dependent C11 100pF R4 TBD SMD potentiometer - value is application dependent Note: Components are surface mount, type SMD0603, unless otherwise indicated. Figure 3: Example of CMX017 with External Components for 915MHz Operation 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 6 CMX017 Advance Information 4 General Description The CMX017 is a single chip UHF FM/FSK transmitter that combines both the RF VCO Modulator and RF Power Amplifier. It is suitable for both audio FM and digital FSK transmissions. A buffered oscillator output provides the RF signal drive to an external synthesizer or fixed frequency phaselocked loop for channel frequency selection. Modulator output power is adjustable over a 20dB range and the integrated power amplifier delivers up to +20dBm. The device also includes a powersave mode: “Transmit Standby” and a zero-power mode: “Sleep”. These allow independent power down control of both the modulator and power amplifier, thereby maximizing battery life. The device can be used in conjunction with the CMX018 a double-conversion super-heterodyne receiver, to implement a complete UHF radio link. 4.1 FM/FSK Modulator + PA Driver The modulator circuit uses an integrated oscillator whose frequency can be directly modulated by the DCcoupled input base-band signal, at the MODIN pin, to generate a frequency modulated (FM or FSK) RF signal. The oscillator requires an external varactor and resonator circuit, connected at the TANK pin, to tune to the required RF channel. A buffered oscillator signal is provided from an open-collector output, at the OSCOUT pin, to drive an external frequency synthesizer for the channel selection. The output power, at the MODOUT pin, is variable over a 20dB range. The output power is maximum when the GAIN pin is connected to VCC and is reduced by typically 20dB when this pin is connected to 0V. The output impedance at the MODOUT pin is typically 50Ω. 4.2 Power Amplifier (PA) The power amplifier has two internal stages, each biased for class-B operation, and is designed to have a fixed overall power gain. The input and output impedances can be terminated with 50Ω. A typical power gain improvement of 2dB is achieved using simple external matching networks. 4.3 Powersave and Zero-Power Modes The Modulator and Buffered Oscillator stages are powered down independently of the PA Driver + Power Amplifier stages by means of the ENLMOD and ENLPA logic inputs: A logic ‘0’ at ENLMOD powers down the Modulator and Buffered Oscillator stages. A logic ‘0’ at ENLPA powers down the PA Driver and Power Amplifier stages. Refer to the block diagram in Figure 1 and to Section 5. 5 Application Notes 5.1 Generation of the Modulated RF Signal The modulator on the CMX017 relies on the direct modulation of the RF Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), which is stabilized to the channel center frequency by an external Frequency Synthesizer or Phase Locked Loop (PLL). The user has control over the external PLL filter and VCO tank components and choice of these components will have an impact upon the following PLL parameters:Closed loop bandwidth, settling time and transient response Modulation linearity VCO phase noise Three modulation requirements may be achieved as follows: 5.1.1 The minimum modulation signal frequency is above the PLL Closed Loop Bandwidth In applications where the transmit channel frequency is fixed or occasionally changed, a narrow PLL bandwidth can be chosen such that the minimum modulation frequency is in excess of the PLL bandwidth. With the PLL active whilst the base-band signal is applied to the modulator there will be negligible distortion of the modulated RF output signal. A benefit of this technique is that an output phase noise improvement is achieved, compared to the free running VCO phase noise characteristic. 5.1.2 The minimum modulation signal frequency is within the PLL Closed Loop Bandwidth In Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum applications the frequency synthesizer must be agile. Consequently the PLL bandwidth should be designed to achieve the required hop-rate and, in most systems this bandwidth will exceed the minimum modulation frequency. With the PLL active during modulation, the loop will 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 7 CMX017 Advance Information compensate for the signal frequency components within the loop bandwidth, introducing a frequency dependant distortion of the modulated RF output signal. To avoid the modulation distortion the carrier frequency is tuned by the external synthesizer chip, with no modulating signal applied. The synthesizer control is then disabled, by setting the charge-pump output of the synthesizer to tri-state. The DC coupled base-band signal, applied to the MODIN pin, then modulates the free running VCO to generate the FM or FSK output signal. 5.1.3 A flat modulator response is required down to DC, whilst benefiting from the phase noise improvements due to the PLL (Two-Point Modulation). Unlike in the above two cases, where a fixed reference frequency is used in the PLL, the Two-Point Modulation technique requires modulation inputs to both the PLL reference oscillator and to the RF VCO circuits. The modulation signal should be applied to both modulation inputs with suitable AC/DC levels and with the correct phase to achieve cancellation of the loop’s feedback. This prevents the radio’s PLL circuitry from counteracting the modulation process and so provides a clean flat modulation response down to DC. 5.2 Powersave and Zero-Power Modes It is possible to power down each section of the transmitter independently. This feature may be useful when the CMX017 is configured, with the CMX018, as a radio transceiver. It allows the transmitter to be powered on and off, thereby saving power, during the sleep and standby periods. In SLEEP mode (ENLMOD=’0’ and ENLPA=’0’) all sections of the device are powered down and the current consumption is reduced to less than 10µA. This is the zero-power mode. In TRANSMIT-STANDBY mode (ENLMOD=’1’ and ENLPA=’0’) only the PA Driver and Power Amplifier stages are powered down, while the Modulator and Buffered Oscillator remain active. This powersave mode allows the external frequency synthesizer to stabilize the channel center frequency prior to the RF transmission. In TRANSMIT mode (ENLMOD=’1’ and ENLPA=’1’) both the Modulator and the Power Amplifier sections of the device are fully operational. Note: The device can be used as a stand alone “UHF Power Amplifier” by forcing (ENLMOD=’0’ and ENLPA=’1’). The efficiency is maximized by connecting the VCC2 pin to 0V. (The VCC1 pin must remain connected to 3.0V.) 5.3 Lower Output Power Applications For very short range applications the antenna drive can be taken from the modulator output, MODOUT, at pin 26. The Power Amplifier is powered down by connecting VCC3 and VCC4 (pins 1 and 12) to 0V. This allows the supply current to be minimized and the Modulator output to be enabled or disabled using the ENLPA input at pin 13. 5.4 Example Schematic and Layout The following schematic (Figure 4) and printed circuit layout (Figure 5 and Figure 6) present a typical application interface for the CMX017. To aid legibility, the schematic and layout are available electronically from the MX-COM website http://www.mxcom.com. Alternative components and component values are shown on the schematic. These should be selected according to the intended application. The schematic uses the following ICs: 1999 MX-COM, Inc. U2 IC Works WB1315X U4 Analog Devices AD8532-SO8 www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA 1uF C43 C48 3V C40 100pF 100pF 15uH L9 100uF C45 100pF J2 C39 C41 C56 100 R100 100pF 3V 16 18 100uF C58 100nF 10nF 5V 100pF C46 100pF C145 100pF C44 100pF 100pF C42 22nH L5 C10 100pF L4 1nF C38 C31 C15 1.5nH 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 100pF 100pF C3 U2 GND3 PAIN 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 C34 R14 10K www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 100k NF R22 NF C37 100k 100pF NF R23 100k 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 R21 CLOCK DATA LE GND FIN2B FIN2 GND DO2 VP2 VCC2 100nF 100pF 2.2uF C33 GND ENLMOD GND MODIN OSCGND TANK GND1 VCC1 OSCOUT VCC2 GND2 MODOUT C32 15uH WB1315X L8 5V CMX017D6 U1 SYNT_CLK SYNT_DATA SYNT_STB FO_LD GND OSC_IN GND FIN1B FIN1 GND DO1 VP1 VCC1 GND ENLPA VCC4 GND10 GND9 PAOUT GND8 GND7 IPAOUT GND6 GND5 GND4 GAIN VCC3 C2 C22 33pF L2 N/C 100pF 20nH L6 3V 100pF C26 100pF 100pF C11 C7 6.8nH C18 100pF 4.7pF C13 100nF C6 L3 100nH 3V C14 6.8pF 47k 470nF C35 R17 N/C 5V D1 3pF R1 100nF C36 1k R19 2 4 - + U4 5 6 10nF 0R R18 ( 7 - N/C) 1 R2 100R AD8532-SO8 2.2uF 3 47k 1nF C24 C9 C27 8 0R R9 N/C 10k R13 N/C 15uH L7 C8 8 C57 TFMCON20M 20 15 17 19 12 14 11 13 10 9 8 6 4 3 J1 2 5 C12 C16 N/C 100pF 100pF 12pF 1 7 C5 100uF C19 C65 C4 33pF 100nH L1 C1 1 GND IN 1999 MX-COM, Inc. 2 5.6pF UHF FM/FSK Transmitter CMX017 Advance Information Figure 4: Application Schematic All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies Doc. # 20480193.003 TXRESNR UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 9 CMX017 Advance Information Figure 5: Application Layout - Top Copper Figure 6: Application Layout - Bottom Copper (not reversed) Available from http://www.mxcom.com. 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 10 CMX017 Advance Information 6 Performance Specification 6.1 Electrical Performance 6.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Exceeding these maximum ratings can result in damage to the device. Pin Min. Max. Units Supply (VCC) 1, 12, 22, 24 -0.3 7.0 V Input Voltage 2, 13, 16, 18, 20 -0.3 VCC + 0.3 V +7 dBm 1100 mW 11 mW/°C above 25°C +125 °C Power Amplifier Input Power 28 D6 Package Total Allowable Power Dissipation at TAMB = 25°C Derating above 25°C Storage Temperature -55 Table 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings 6.1.2 Operating Limits Correct operation of the device outside these limits is not implied. Notes Min. Max. Units Supply (VCC) 2.7 3.3 V Operating Frequency Range 860 965 MHz Operating Temperature -10 +60 °C Table 3: Operating Limits 6.1.3 Operating Characteristics For the following conditions unless otherwise specified: VCC = 2.7V to 3.3V, TAMB = -10°C to +60°C, RF = 915MHz, 50Ω source and load impedance. Pin Note Min. Typ. Max. Units ICC [Output Power = +20dBm at PAOUT (pin 9)] ICC [Output Power = +10dBm at PAOUT (pin 9)] 1 1 - 130 60 - mA mA ICC [Output Power = +0dBm at PAOUT (pin 9)] 1 - 40 - mA Device in Power-Down Modes ICC in STANDBY mode (ENLPA=LO and ENLMOD=HI) 1 - 24 - mA ICC in SLEEP Mode (ENLPA=LO and ENLMOD=LO) 1 - TBD 10 µA DC Parameters Device Fully Enabled (ENLPA=HI and ENLMOD=HI) 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 11 CMX017 Advance Information Pin Note Min. Typ. Max. Units AC Parameters Modulator, VCO Buffer and PA Driver Output Power [GAIN (pin 2) at VCC] 26 - -4.0 - dBm Output Power [GAIN (pin 2) at 1.5V] Output Power [GAIN (pin 2) at 1.0V] 26 26 - -9.0 -14 - dBm dBm Buffered VCO Output at OSCOUT pin Oscillator Second Harmonic Output 19 26 - -10 -25 - dBm dBc 2 3 Oscillator Third Harmonic Output 26 3 - -35 - dBc Modulation Sensitivity 18 4 - 0.4 - MHz/V Maximum Deviation 26 5 - 1.5 - MHz Input Data Rate Output VSWR (at maximum output power) 18 26 - TBD TBD - kBits/S 28, 9 - 22 - dB Power Gain (with external matching at VCC = 3.3V) Maximum Power Gain Variation 28, 9 28, 9 - 24 2.0 - dB dB Maximum Power Gain Variation (with matching) Input 1dB Compression Point 28,9 9 - 1.5 +1.0 - dB dBm 9 - 0 - dBm 9, 28 9 - -35 TBD - dB dB Power Amplifier Power Gain Input 1dB Compression Point (with matching) Reverse Isolation Output VSWR (at maximum output power) 6 6 Notes: 1. Total current from the external 3V power supply. 2. Power measured into a 50Ω load. 3. With external matching. 4. Stepped modulation voltage input from 1.0V to 2.0V. 5. Stepped modulation voltage from 0V to 3.0V. 6. Input Power = -15dBm to -1dBm. 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies UHF FM/FSK Transmitter 6.2 12 CMX017 Advance Information Packaging Figure 7: 28-Pin Plastic SSOP Mechanical Outline: Order as part no. CMX017D6 6.3 Handling Precautions As this device is a high performance RF integrated circuit and is ESD sensitive. Adequate precautions must be taken during handling and assembly of this device. 1999 MX-COM, Inc. www.mxcom.com Tel: 800 638 5577 336 744 5050 Fax: 336 744 5054 4800 Bethania Station Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27105-1201 USA Doc. # 20480193.003 All trademarks and service marks are held by their respective companies