DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 10 to 75 MHz, 24-bit Channel Link II Serializer and Deserializer General Description Features The DS92LV2421 (Serializer) / DS92LV2422 (Deserializer) chipset translates a parallel 24–bit LVCMOS data interface into a single high-speed CML serial interface with embedded clock information. This single serial stream eliminates skew issues between clock and data, reduces connector size and interconnect cost for transferring a 24-bit or less, bus over FR-4 printed circuit board backplanes, and balanced cables. In addition to the 24-bit data bus interface, the DS92LV2421 and DS92LV2422 also features a 3-bit control bus for slow speed signals. This allows implementing video and display applications with up to 24–bits per pixel (RGB). Programmable transmit de-emphasis, receive equalization, on-chip scrambling and DC balancing enables longer distance transmission over lossy cables and backplanes. The DS92LV2422 automatically locks to incoming data without an external reference clock or special sync patterns, providing easy “plug-and-go” operation. EMI is minimized by the use of low voltage differential signaling, receiver drive strength control, and spread spectrum clocking capability. The DS92LV2421, DS92LV2422 chipset is programmable though an I2C interface as well as through pins. A built-in ATSPEED BIST feature validates link integrity and may be used for system diagnostics. The DS92LV2421 is offered in a 48-pin LLP and the DS92LV2422 is offered in a 60-pin LLP package. Both devices operate over the full industrial temperature range of -40° C to +85°C. ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 24–bit data, 3–bit control, 10 – 75 MHz clock AC coupled STP interconnect cable up to 10 meters Integrated terminations on Ser and Des AT-SPEED link BIST mode and reporting pin Optional I2C compatible Serial Control Bus Power down mode minimizes power dissipation 1.8V or 3.3V compatible LVCMOS I/O interface -40° to +85°C temperature range >8 kV HBM SERIALIZER — DS92LV2421 ■ Data scrambler for reduced EMI ■ DC-balance encoder for AC coupling ■ Selectable output VOD and adjustable de-emphasis DESERIALIZER — DS92LV2422 ■ FAST random data lock; no reference clock required ■ Adjustable input receiver equalization ■ LOCK (real time link status) reporting pin ■ EMI minimization on output parallel bus (SSCG) ■ Output Slew control (OS) Applications ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Embedded Video and Display Medical Imaging Factory Automation Office Automation — Printer, Scanner Security and Video Surveillance General purpose data communication Applications Diagram 30110127 TRI-STATE® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 2011 National Semiconductor Corporation 301101 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 10 to 75 MHz, 24-bit Channel Link II Serializer and Deserializer January 14, 2011 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Block Diagrams 30110128 30110129 Ordering Information NSID Quantity SPEC Package ID DS92LV2421SQE 48–pin LLP, 7.0 X 7.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 250 NOPB SQA48A DS92LV2421SQ 48–pin LLP, 7.0 X 7.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 1000 NOPB SQA48A DS92LV2421SQX 48–pin LLP, 7.0 X 7.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 2500 NOPB SQA48A DS92LV2422SQE 60–pin LLP, 9.0 X 9.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 250 NOPB SQA60B DS92LV2422SQ 60–pin LLP, 9.0 X 9.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 1000 NOPB SQA60B DS92LV2422SQX 60–pin LLP, 9.0 X 9.0 X 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch 2500 NOPB SQA60B www.national.com Package Description 2 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 DS92LV2421 Pin Diagram 30110119 Serializer - DS92LV2421 — Top View DS92LV2421 Serializer Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin # I/O, Type Description LVCMOS Parallel Interface DI[7:0] 34, 33, 32, 29, I, LVCMOS Parallel Interface Data Input Pins 28, 27, 26, 25 w/ pull-down For 8–bit RED Display: DI7 = R7 – MSB, DI0 = R0 – LSB. DI[15:8] 42, 41, 40, 39, I, LVCMOS Parallel Interface Data Input Pins 38, 37, 36, 35 w/ pull-down For 8–bit GREEN Display: DI15 = G7 – MSB, DI8 = G0 – LSB. DI[23:16] 2, 1, 48, 47, I, LVCMOS Parallel Interface Data Input Pins 46, 45, 44, 43 w/ pull-down For 8–bit BLUE Display: DI23 = B7 – MSB, DI16 = B0 – LSB. CI1 5 I, LVCMOS Control Signal Input w/ pull-down For Display/Video Application: CI1 = Data Enable Input Control signal pulse width must be 3 clocks or longer to be transmitted when the Control Signal Filter is enabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 01). There is no restriction on the minimum transition pulse when the Control Signal Filter is disabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 00). The signal is limited to 2 transitions per 130 clocks regardless of the Control Signal Filter setting. CI2 3 I, LVCMOS Control Signal Input w/ pull-down For Display/Video Application: CI2 = Horizontal Sync Input Control signal pulse width must be 3 clocks or longer to be transmitted when the Control Signal Filter is enabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 01). There is no restriction on the minimum transition pulse when the Control Signal Filter is disabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 00). The signal is limited to 2 transitions per 130 clocks regardless of the Control Signal Filter setting. CI3 4 I, LVCMOS Control Signal Input w/ pull-down For Display/Video Application: CI3 = Vertical Sync Input CI3 is limited to 1 transition per 130 clock cycles. Thus, the minimum pulse width allowed is 130 clock cycle wide. 3 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Pin Name CLKIN Pin # 10 I/O, Type Description I, LVCMOS Clock Input w/ pull-down Latch/data strobe edge set by RFB pin. Control and Configuration PDB 21 I, LVCMOS Power-down Mode Input w/ pull-down PDB = 1, Ser is enabled (normal operation). Refer to ”Power Up Requirements and PDB Pin” in the Applications Information Section. PDB = 0, Ser is powered down. When the Ser is in the power-down state, the driver outputs (DOUT+/-) are both logic high, the PLL is shutdown, IDD is minimized. Control Registers are RESET. VODSEL 24 I, LVCMOS Differential Driver Output Voltage Select (This is can also be control by I2C register.) w/ pull-down VODSEL = 1, LVDS VOD is ±420 mV, 840 mVp-p (typ) — long cable / De-Emph apps VODSEL = 0, LVDS VOD is ±280 mV, 560 mVp-p (typ) — short cable (no De-emph), low power mode. De-Emph 23 RFB 11 CONFIG [1:0] 13, 12 I, Analog w/ pull-up De-Emphasis Control (This can also be controlled by I2C register access.) De-Emph = open (float) - disabled To enable De-emphasis, tie a resistor from this pin to GND or control via register. See Table 4. I, LVCMOS Clock Input Latch/Data Strobe Edge Select (This can also be controlled by I2C register w/ pull-down access.) RFB = 1, parallel interface data and control signals are latched on the rising clock edge. RFB = 0, parallel interface data and control signals are latched on the falling clock edge. I, LVCMOS 00: Control Signal Filter DISABLED w/ pull-down 01: Control Signal Filter ENABLED 10: Reverse compatibility mode to interface with the DS90UR124 or DS99R124Q 11: Reverse compatibility mode to interface with the DS90C124 ID[x] 6 I, Analog I2C Serial Control Bus Device ID Address Select — Optional Resistor to Ground and 10 kΩ pull-up to 1.8V rail. See Table 11. SCL 8 I, LVCMOS SDA 9 I/O, LVCMOS I2C Serial Control Bus Data Input / Output - Optional Open Drain SDA requires an external pull-up resistor VDDIO. BISTEN 31 I, LVCMOS BIST Mode — Optional w/ pull-down BISTEN = 0, BIST is disabled (normal operation) BISTEN = 1, BIST is enabled RES[2:0] 18, 16, 15 I2C Serial Control Bus Clock Input - Optional SCL requires an external pull-up resistor to VDDIO. I, LVCMOS Reserved - tie LOW w/ pull-down Channel-Link II — CML Serial Interface DOUT+ 20 O, CML Non–Inverting Output. The output must be AC Coupled with a 0.1 µF capacitor. DOUT- 19 O, CML Inverting Output. The output must be AC Coupled with a 0.1 µF capacitor. Power and Ground (see NOTE below) VDDL 7 Power Logic Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDP 14 Power PLL Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDHS 17 Power TX High Speed Logic Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDTX 22 Power Output Driver Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDIO 30 Power LVCMOS I/O Power, 1.8 V ±5% OR 3.3 V ±10% DAP Ground DAP is the large metal contact at the bottom side, located at the center of the LLP package. Connect to the ground plane (GND) with at least 9 vias. GND NOTE: 1= HIGH, 0 L= LOW The VDD (VDDn and VDDIO) supply ramp should be faster than 1.5 ms with a monotonic rise. If slower then 1.5 ms then a capacitor on the PDB pin is needed to ensure PDB arrives after all the VDD have settled to the recommended operating voltage. www.national.com 4 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 DS92LV2422 Pin Diagram 30110120 Deserializer - DS92LV2422 — Top View DS92LV2422 Deserializer Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin # I/O, Type Description LVCMOS Parallel Interface DO[7:0] 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41 I, STRAP, Parallel Interface Data Output Pins O, LVCMOS For 8–bit RED Display: DO7 = R7 – MSB, DO0 = R0 – LSB. In power-down (PDB = 0), outputs are controlled by the OSS_SEL (See Table 8). These pins are inputs during power-up (See STRAP Inputs). DO[15:8] 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28 I, STRAP, Parallel Interface Data Output Pins O, LVCMOS For 8–bit GREEN Display: DO15 = G7 – MSB, DO8 = G0 – LSB. In power-down (PDB = 0), outputs are controlled by the OSS_SEL (See Table 8). These pins are inputs during power-up (See STRAP Inputs). DO[23:16] 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 17, 18, 19 I, STRAP, Parallel Interface Data Input Pins O, LVCMOS For 8–bit BLUE Display: DO23 = B7 – MSB, DO16 = B0 – LSB. In power-down (PDB = 0), outputs are controlled by the OSS_SEL (See Table 8). These pins are inputs during power-up (See STRAP Inputs). 5 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Pin Name Pin # I/O, Type Description CO1 6 O, LVCMOS Control Signal Output For Display/Video Application: CO1 = Data Enable Output Control signal pulse width must be 3 clocks or longer to be transmitted when the Control Signal Filter is enabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 01). There is no restriction on the minimum transition pulse when the Control Signal Filter is disabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 00). The signal is limited to 2 transitions per 130 clocks regardless of the Control Signal Filter setting. In power-down (PDB = 0), output is controlled by the OSS_SEL pin (See Table 8). CO2 8 O, LVCMOS Control Signal Output For Display/Video Application: CO2 = Horizontal Sync Output Control signal pulse width must be 3 clocks or longer to be transmitted when the Control Signal Filter is enabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 01). There is no restriction on the minimum transition pulse when the Control Signal Filter is disabled (CONFIG[1:0] = 00). The signal is limited to 2 transitions per 130 clocks regardless of the Control Signal Filter setting. In power-down (PDB = 0), output is controlled by the OSS_SEL pin (See Table 8). CO3 7 O, LVCMOS Control Signal Output For Display/Video Application: CO3 = Vertical Sync Output CO3 is different than CO1 and CO2 because it is limited to 1 transition per 130 clock cycles. Thus, the minimum pulse width allowed is 130 clock cycle wide. The CONFIG[1:0] pins have no affect on CO3 signal In power-down (PDB = 0), output is controlled by the OSS_SEL pin (See Table 8). CLKOUT 5 O, LVCMOS Pixel Clock Output In power-down (PDB = 0), output is controlled by the OSS_SEL pin (See Table 8). Data strobe edge set by RFB. LOCK 32 O, LVCMOS LOCK Status Output LOCK = 1, PLL is Locked, outputs are active LOCK = 0, PLL is unlocked, DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 and CLKOUT output states are controlled by OSS_SEL (See Table 8). May be used as Link Status or to flag when Video Data is active (ON/OFF). PASS 42 O, LVCMOS PASS Output (BIST Mode) PASS = 1, error free transmission PASS = 0, one or more errors were detected in the received payload Route to test point for monitoring, or leave open if unused. Control and Configuration — STRAP PINS For a High State, use a 10 kΩ pull up to VDDIO; for a Low State, the IO includes an internal pull down. The STRAP pins are read upon power-up and set device configuration. Pin Number listed along with shared data output name in square brackets. CONFIG[1:0] 10 [DO22], 9 [DO23] STRAP 00: Control Signal Filter DISABLED I, LVCMOS 01: Control Signal Filter ENABLED w/ pull-down 10: Reverse compatibility mode to interface with the DS90UR241 or DS99R241 11: Reverse compatibility mode to interface with the DS90C241 LF_MODE 12 [DO20] STRAP SSCG Low Frequency Mode I, LVCMOS Only required when SSCG is enabled, otherwise LF_MODE condition is a DON’T CARE w/ pull-down (X). LF_MODE = 1, SSCG in low frequency mode (CLK = 10-20 MHz) LF_MODE = 0, SSCG in high frequency mode (CLK = 20-65 MHz) This can also be controlled by I2C register access. OS_CLKOUT 11 [DO21] STRAP Output CLKOUT Slew Select I, LVCMOS OS_CLKOUT = 1, Increased CLKOUT slew rate w/ pull-down OS_CLKOUT = 0, Normal CLKOUT slew rate (default) This can also be controlled by I2C register access. www.national.com 6 Pin # I/O, Type Description OS_DATA 14 [DO19] STRAP Output DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 Slew Select I, LVCMOS OS_DATA = 1, Increased DO slew rate w/ pull-down OS_DATA = 0, Normal DO slew rate (default) This can also be controlled by I2C register access. OP_LOW 42 [PASS] STRAP Outputs held LOW when LOCK = 1 I, LVCMOS NOTE: Do not use any other strap options with this strap function enabled w/ pull-down OP_LOW = 1: all outputs are held LOW during power up until released by programming OP_LOW release/set register HIGH. NOTE: Before the device is powered up, the outputs are in TRI-STATE® See Figure 24 and Figure 25 OP_LOW = 0: all outputs toggle normally as soon as LOCK goes HIGH (default) This can also be controlled by I2C register access. OSS_SEL 17 [DO18] STRAP Output Sleep State Select I, LVCMOS OSS_SEL is used in conjunction with PDB to determine the state of the outputs in Power w/ pull-down Down (Sleep). (See Table 8). NOTE: OSS_SEL STRAP CANNOT BE USED IF OP_LOW = 1 This can also be controlled by I2C register access. RFB 18 [DO17] STRAP Clock Output Strobe Edge Select I, LVCMOS RFB = 1, parallel interface data and control signals are strobed on the rising clock edge. w/ pull-down RFB = 0, parallel interface data and control signals are strobed on the falling clock edge. This can also be controlled by I2C register access. EQ[3:0] 20 [DO15], STRAP Receiver Input Equalization 21 [DO14], I, LVCMOS (See Table 5). 22 [DO13], w/ pull-down This can also be controlled by I2C register access. 23 [DO12] OSC_SEL[2:0] 26 [DO10], STRAP Oscillator Selectl 27 [DO9], I, LVCMOS (See Table 9 and Table 10). 28 [DO8] w/ pull-down This can also be controlled by I2C register access. SSC[3:0] MAP_SEL[1:0] 34 [DO6], 35 [DO5], 36 [DO4], 37 [DO3] 40[D], 41 [D] STRAP Spread Spectrum Clock Generation (SSCG) Range Select I, LVCMOS (See Table 6 and Table 7). w/ pull-down This can also be controlled by I2C register access. STRAP Bit mapping reverse compatibility / DS90UR241 Options I, LVCMOS Pin or Register Control w/ pull-down Default setting is b'00. Control and Configuration PDB 59 I, LVCMOS Power Down Mode Input w/ pull-down PDB = 1, Des is enabled (normal operation). Refer to “Power Up Requirements and PDB Pin” in the Applications Information Section. PDB = 0, Des is in power-down. When the Des is in the power-down state, the LVCMOS output state is determined by Table 8. Control Registers are RESET. ID[x] 56 I, Analog SCL 3 I, LVCMOS I2C Serial Control Bus Clock Input - Optional SCL requires an external pull-up resistor to VDDIO. SDA 2 I/O, LVCMOS Open Drain I2C Serial Control Bus Data Input / Output - Optional SDA requires an external pull-up resistor to VDDIO. BISTEN 44 I, LVCMOS BIST Enable Input — Optional w/ pull-down BISTEN = 0, BIST is disabled (normal operation) BISTEN = 1, BIST is enabled RES 47 I, LVCMOS Reserved - tie LOW w/ pull-down I2C Serial Control Bus Device ID Address Select — Optional Resistor to Ground and 10 kΩ pull-up to 1.8V rail. (See Table 11). 7 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Pin Name DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Pin Name NC Pin # I/O, Type 1, 15, 16, 30, 31, 45, 46, 60 Description Not Connected Leave pin open (float) Channel-Link II — CML Serial Interface I, CML True Input. The input must be AC Coupled with a 0.1 μF capacitor. 50 I, CML Inverting Input. The input must be AC Coupled with a 0.1 μF capacitor. 51 I, Analog Common-Mode Filter VCM center-tap is a virtual ground which may be ac-coupled to ground to increase receiver common mode noise immunity. Recommended value is 4.7 μF or higher. ROUT+ 52 O, CML True Output — Receive Signal after the Equalizer NC if not used or connect to test point for monitor. Requires I2C control to enable. ROUT- 53 O, CML Inverting Output — Receive Signal after the Equalizer NC if not used or connect to test point for monitor. Requires I2C control to enable. RIN+ 49 RINCMF Power and Ground (see NOTE below) VDDL 29 Power Logic Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDIR 48 Power Input Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDR 43, 55 Power RX High Speed Logic Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDSC 4, 58 Power SSCG Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDPR 57 Power PLL Power, 1.8 V ±5% VDDCMLO VDDIO GND 54 Power RX High Speed Logic Power, 1.8 V ±5% 13, 24, 38 Power LVCMOS I/O Power, 1.8 V ±5% OR 3.3 V ±10% (VDDIO) DAP Ground DAP is the large metal contact at the bottom side, located at the center of the LLP package. Connected to the ground plane (GND) with at least 9 vias. NOTE: 1 = HIGH, 0 = LOW The VDD (VDDn and VDDIO) supply ramp should be faster than 1.5 ms with a monotonic rise. If slower then 1.5 ms then a capacitor on the PDB pin is needed to ensure PDB arrives after all the VDD have settled to the recommended operating voltage. www.national.com 8 If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Supply Voltage – VDDn (1.8V) Supply Voltage – VDDIO LVCMOS I/O Voltage Receiver Input Voltage Driver Output Voltage Junction Temperature Storage Temperature 48L LLP Package Maximum Power Dissipation Capacity at 25°C Derate above 25°C −0.3V to +2.5V −0.3V to +4.0V −0.3V to (VDDIO + 0.3V) −0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) −0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) +150°C −65°C to +150°C θJA (with 9 thermal via) θJC (with 9 thermal via) 60L LLP Package Maximum Power Dissipation Capacity at 25°C Derate above 25°C Supply Voltage (VDDn) LVCMOS Supply Voltage (VDDIO) OR LVCMOS Supply Voltage (VDDIO) Operating Free Air Temperature (TA) Clock Frequency Supply Noise (Note 10) 525 mW 1/ θJA mW / °C 2.8 °C/W ESD Rating (MM) Recommended Operating Conditions 4.5 °C/W θJC (with 9 thermal via) ESD Rating (HBM) ESD Rating (CDM) For soldering specifications: see product folder at www.national.com and www.national.com/ms/MS/MS-SOLDERING.pdf 225 mW 24.6 °C/W ≥±8kV ≥±25kV ≥±8kV Contact Discharge (RIN+, RIN- ) 1/ θJA mW / °C 27.1 °C/W θJA (with 9 thermal via) ≥±25kV Contact Discharge (DOUT+, DOUT- ) Air Discharge (RIN+, RIN- ) ≥±8 kV ≥±1 kV ≥±250 V Min 1.71 1.71 Nom 1.8 1.8 Max 1.89 1.89 Units V V 3.0 3.3 3.6 V −40 10 +25 +85 75 50 °C MHz mVP-P Serializer DC Electrical Characteristics Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. (Note 2, Note 3, Note 4) Symbol Parameter Conditions Pin/Freq. Min Typ Max Units 2.2 VDDIO V 0.65* VDDIO VDDIO V GND 0.8 V GND 0.35* VDDIO V LVCMOS INPUT DC SPECIFICATIONS VDDIO = 3.0 to 3.6V VIH High Level Input Voltage VDDIO = 1.71 to 1.89V VDDIO = 3.0 to 3.6V VIL IIN Low Level Input Voltage Input Current VDDIO = 1.71 to 1.89V VIN = 0V or VDDIO VDDIO = 3.0 to 3.6V VDDIO = 1.7 to 1.89V 9 DI[23:0], CI1,CI2,CI3, CLKIN, PDB, VODSEL, RFB, BISTEN, CONFIG[1:0] −15 ±1 +15 μA −15 ±1 +15 μA www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 ESD Rating (IEC 61000–4–2), RD = 330Ω, CS = 150pF Air Discharge (DOUT+, DOUT- ) Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Symbol Parameter Conditions Pin/Freq. Min Typ Max VODSEL = 0 ±205 ±280 ±355 VODSEL = 1 ±320 ±420 ±520 Units CML DRIVER DC SPECIFICATIONS VOD Differential Output Voltage VODp-p Differential Output Voltage (DOUT+) – (DOUT-) ΔVOD Output Voltage Unbalance RL = 100Ω, De-emph = disabled, Figure 2 mV VODSEL = 0 560 mVp-p VODSEL = 1 840 mVp-p RL = 100Ω, De-emph = disabled, VODSEL = L 1 DOUT+, VODSEL = 0 DOUTVODSEL = 1 VOS Offset Voltage – Single-ended RL = 100Ω, At TP A & B, Figure 1 De-emph = disabled ΔVOS Offset Voltage Unbalance Single-ended At TP A & B, Figure 1 RL = 100Ω, De-emph = disabled IOS Output Short Circuit Current DOUT+/- = 0V, De-emph = disabled RTO Internal Output Termination Reistor VODSEL = 0 DOUT+, DOUT- 50 mV 1.65 V 1.575 V 1 mV −36 mA 100 120 Ω Checker Board VDD= 1.89V All VDD pins Pattern, VDDIO= 1.89V De-emph = 3kΩ, VDDIO VODSEL = H, Figure 9 VDDIO = 3.6V 75 90 mA 3 5 mA 11 15 mA Checker Board VDD= 1.89V All VDD pins Pattern, VDDIO= 1.89V De-emph = 6kΩ, VDDIO VODSEL = L, Figure 9 VDDIO = 3.6V 65 80 mA 3 5 mA 11 15 mA VDD= 1.89V All VDD pins PDB = 0V , (All other V = 1.89V LVCMOS Inputs = 0V) DDIO VDDIO VDDIO = 3.6V 40 1000 µA 80 SUPPLY CURRENT IDDT1 IDDIOT1 IDDT2 Serializer Supply Current (includes load current) RL = 100 Ω, CLKIN = 75 MHz IDDIOT2 IDDZ IDDIOZ Serializer Supply Current Power-down 5 10 µA 10 20 µA Typ Max Units 2.2 VDDIO V GND 0.8 V +15 μA Deserializer DC Electrical Characteristics Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Pin/Freq. Min 3.3 V I/O LVCMOS DC SPECIFICATIONS – VDDIO = 3.0 to 3.6V VIH High Level Input Voltage VIL Low Level Input Voltage IIN Input Current VIN = 0V or VDDIO VOH High Level Output Voltage IOH = −0.5 mA, RDS = L VOL Low Level Output Voltage IOL = +0.5 mA, RDS = L Output Short Circuit Current VDDIO = 3.3V, VOUT = 0V, OS_CLKOUT/DATA = L/H CLKOUT 36 mA Output Short Circuit Current VDDIO = 3.3V, VOUT = 0V, OS_CLKOUT/DATA = L/H Outputs 37 mA TRI-STATE® Output Current PDB = 0V, OSS_SEL = 0V, VOUT = 0V or VDDIO Outputs IOS IOZ www.national.com PDB, BISTEN 10 DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3, CLKOUT, LOCK, PASS −15 ±1 2.4 VDDIO GND −15 V 0.4 +15 V µA Parameter Conditions Pin/Freq. Min Typ Max Units VDDIO V 1.8 V I/O LVCMOS DC SPECIFICATIONS – VDDIO = 1.71 to 1.89V VIH High Level Input Voltage VIL Low Level Input Voltage IIN Input Current VIN = 0V or VDDIO VOH High Level Output Voltage IOH = −0.5 mA, RDS = L VOL Low Level Output Voltage IOL = +0.5 mA, RDS = L Output Short Circuit Current VDDIO = 1.8V, VOUT = 0V, OS_CLKOUT/DATA = L/H CLKOUT 18 mA Output Short Circuit Current VDDIO = 1.8V, VOUT = 0V, OS_CLKOUT/DATA = L/H Outputs 18 mA TRI-STATE Output Current PDB = 0V, OSS_SEL = 0V, VOUT = 0V or VDDIO Outputs IOS IOZ 1.235 PDB, BISTEN DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3, CLKOUT, LOCK, PASS GND −15 ±1 VDDIO - 0.45 VDDIO GND 0.595 V +15 μA V 0.2 -15 V +15 µA CML RECEIVER DC SPECIFICATIONS VTH Differential Input Threshold High Voltage VTL Differential Input Threshold Low Voltage VCM Common Mode Voltage, Internal VBIAS IIN Input Current RTI Internal Input Termination Resistor +50 mV −50 mV VCM = +1.2V (Internal VBIAS) RIN+, RIN- 1.2 VIN = 0V or VDDIO -15 RIN+, RIN- 80 V +15 100 120 µA Ω LOOP THROUGH CML DRIVER OUTPUT DC SPECIFICATIONS – EQ TEST PORT VOD Differential Output Voltage RL = 100Ω VOS Offset Voltage Single-ended RL = 100Ω RT Internal Termination Resistor ROUT+/80 542 mV 1.4 V 100 120 Ω 97 115 mA 40 50 mA 75 85 mA 100 3000 µA 6 50 µA 12 100 µA SUPPLY CURRENT IDD1 Deserializer Supply Current (includes load current) CLKOUT = 75 MHz Checker Board Pattern, RDS = H, CL = 4pF, Figure 9 IDDIO1 IDDZ IDDIOZ VDD= 1.89V VDDIO=1.89V VDDIO = 3.6V Deserializer Supply Current Power Down PDB = 0V, All other LVCMOS Inputs = 0V VDD= 1.89V VDDIO=1.89V VDDIO = 3.6V 11 All VDD pins VDDIO All VDD pins VDDIO www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Symbol DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Recommended Serializer Timing for CLKIN Requirements Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter tTCP Transmit Input CLKIN Period tTCIH Transmit Input CLKIN High Time tTCIL Transmit Input CLKIN Low Time tCLKT CLKIN Input Transition Time SSCIN CLKIN Input – Spread Spectrum at 75 MHz Conditions 10 MHz to 75 MHz, Figure 4 Min Typ Max Units 13.3 T 100 ns 0.4T 0.5T 0.6T ns 0.4T 0.5T 0.6T ns 2.4 ns fmod 0.5 35 kHz fdev ±2 % Max Units Serializer Switching Characteristics Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol tLHT tHLT Parameter Ser Output Low-to-High Transition Time, Figure 3 Ser Output High-to-Low Transition Time, Figure 3 Conditions ps RL = 100Ω, De-emphasis = disabled, VODSEL = 1 200 ps RL = 100Ω, De-emphasis = disabled, VODSEL = 0 200 ps RL = 100Ω, De-emphasis = disabled, VODSEL = 1 200 ps Input Data - Setup Time, Figure 4 DI[23:0], CI1, CI2, CI3 to CLKIN tDIH Input Data - Hold Time, Figure 4 CLKIN to DI[23:0], CI1, CI2, CI3 tXZD Ser Ouput Active to OFF Delay, Figure 6 tPLD Serializer PLL Lock Time, Figure 5 tSD tDJIT δSTX Typ 200 tDIS λSTXBW Min RL = 100Ω, De-emphasis = disabled, VODSEL = 0 2 ns 2 ns 8 15 ns RL = 100Ω 1.4 10 ms Serializer Delay - Latency, Figure 7 RL = 100Ω 144*T 145*T ns Ser Output Total Jitter, Figure 8 RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 75MHz 0.28 UI RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 43MHz 0.27 UI RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 10MHz 0.35 UI RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 75MHz 3.3 MHz RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 43MHz 2.3 MHz RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 10MHz 0.8 MHz RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 75MHz 0.86 dB RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 43MHz 0.83 dB RL = 100Ω, De-Emph = disabled, RANDOM pattern, CLKIN = 10MHz 0.28 dB Serializer Jitter Transfer Function -3 dB Bandwidth Serializer Jitter Transfer Function Peaking www.national.com 12 Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units 13.3 T 100 ns 40 50 60 % SSCG = ON, 10 – 20MHz 35 59 65 % SSCG = ON, 10 – 65MHz 40 53 60 % tRCP CLK Output Period tRCP = tTCP tRDC CLK Output Duty Cycle SSCG = OFF, 10 – 75 MHz tCLH LVCMOS Low-to-High Transition Time, Figure 10 Pin/Freq. CLKOUT VDDIO = 1.8V, CL = 4pF, OS_CLKOUT/ DATA = L CLKOUT VDDIO = 3.3V CL = 4pF, OS_CLKOUT/ DATA = H tCHL LVCMOS High-to-Low Transition Time, Figure 10 VDDIO = 1.8V, CL = 4pF, OS_CLKOUT/ DATA = L tROH tDDLT ns 1.6 ns 1.5 ns VDDIO = 1.71 to 1.89V or 3.0 DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 to 3.6V CL = 4pF (lumped load) 0.23 0.5 UI Data Valid after CLKOUT – Hold Time, Figure 14 VDDIO = 1.71 to 1.89V or 3.0 DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 to 3.6V CL = 4pF (lumped load) 0.33 0.5 UI Deserializer Lock Time, Figure 13 SSC[3:0] = OFF, (Note 6) CLKOUT = 10MHz 3 ms SSC[3:0] = OFF, (Note 6) CLKOUT = 75MHz 4 ms SSC[3:0] = ON, (Note 6) CLKOUT = 10MHz 30 ms SSC[3:0] = ON, (Note 6) CLKOUT = 65MHz 6 ms Des Delay - Latency, Figure 11 tDPJ Des Period Jitter tIJT 2.0 Data Valid before CLKOUT – Set Up Time, Figure 14 tDD tDCCJ ns CLKOUT VDDIO = 3.3V CL = 4pF, OS_CLKOUT/ DATA = H tROS 2.1 Des Cycle-to-Cycle Jitter Des Input Jitter Tolerance, Figure 16 SSC[3:0] = OFF, (Note 8) SSC[3:0] = OFF, (Note 9) EQ = OFF, SSCG = OFF, CLKOUT = 75 MHz CLKOUT = 10 to 75 MHz 139*T 140*T ns CLKOUT = 10 MHz 500 1000 ps CLKOUT = 65 MHz 550 1250 ps CLKOUT = 75 MHz 435 900 ps CLKOUT = 10 MHz 375 900 ps CLKOUT = 65 MHz 500 1150 ps CLKOUT = 75 MHz 460 1000 ps jitter freq <2MHz 0.9 UI 0.5 UI jitter freq >6MHz BIST Mode tPASS BIST PASS Valid Time, BISTEN = 1, Figure 17 1 13 10 μs www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Deserializer Switching Characteristics DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Symbol Parameter Conditions Pin/Freq. Min Typ Max Units SSCG Mode fDEV fMOD Spread Spectrum Clocking Deviation Frequency CLKOUT = 10 to 65 MHz, SSC[3:0] = ON ±0.5 ±2 % Spread Spectrum Clocking Modulation Frequency CLKOUT = 10 to 65 MHz, SSC[3:0] = ON 8 100 kHz Max Units 100 kHz 400 kHz Recommended Timing for the Serial Control Bus Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Standard Mode Typ fSCL SCL Clock Frequency tLOW SCL Low Period tHIGH SCL High Period tHD;STA Hold time for a start or a repeated start condition, Figure 18 Set Up time for a start or a repeated start condition, Figure 18 Standard Mode Data Hold Time, Figure 18 Standard Mode 0 3.45 μs Fast Mode 0 0.9 μs Data Set Up Time, Figure 18 Standard Mode 250 ns Fast Mode 100 ns tSU;STO Set Up Time for STOP Condition, Figure 18 Standard Mode 4.0 μs Fast Mode 0.6 μs tBUF Bus Free Time Between STOP and START, Figure 18 Standard Mode 4.7 μs 1.3 μs tr SCL & SDA Rise Time, Figure 18 Standard Mode 1000 ns Fast Mode 300 ns tf SCL & SDA Fall Time, Figure 18 Standard Mode 300 ns Fast mode 300 ns Fast Mode tSU:STA tHD;DAT tSU;DAT www.national.com Standard Mode 4.7 μs Fast Mode 1.3 μs Standard Mode 4.0 μs Fast Mode 0.6 μs Standard Mode 4.0 μs 0.6 μs 4.7 μs 0.6 μs Fast Mode Fast Mode Fast Mode 14 Over recommended operating supply and temperature ranges unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min VIH Input High Level SDA and SCL 2.2 VIL Input Low Level Voltage SDA and SCL GND VHY Input Hysteresis Typ Max Units VDD 3.3V V 0.8 >50 VOL SDA, IOL = 3mA Iin SDA or SCL, Vin = VDDIO or GND V mV 0 0.4 V -15 +15 µA SDA, RPU = X, Cb ≤ 400pF tR SDA RiseTime – READ 40 ns tF SDA Fall Time – READ 25 ns tSU;DAT Set Up Time – READ 520 ns tHD;DAT Hold Up Time – READ 55 ns tSP Input Filter Cin Input Capacitance SDA or SCL 50 ns <5 pF Note 1: “Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur, including inoperability and degradation of device reliability and/or performance. Functional operation of the device and/or non-degradation at the Absolute Maximum Ratings or other conditions beyond those indicated in the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. The Recommended Operating Conditions indicate conditions at which the device is functional and the device should not be operated beyond such conditions. Note 2: The Electrical Characteristics tables list guaranteed specifications under the listed Recommended Operating Conditions except as otherwise modified or specified by the Electrical Characteristics Conditions and/or Notes. Typical specifications are estimations only and are not guaranteed. Note 3: Typical values represent most likely parametric norms at VDD = 3.3V, Ta = +25 degC, and at the Recommended Operation Conditions at the time of product characterization and are not guaranteed. Note 4: Current into device pins is defined as positive. Current out of a device pin is defined as negative. Voltages are referenced to ground except VOD, ΔVOD, VTH and VTL which are differential voltages. Note 5: When the Serializer output is at TRI-STATE the Deserializer will lose PLL lock. Resynchronization / Relock must occur before data transfer require tPLD Note 6: tPLD and tDDLT is the time required by the serializer and deserializer to obtain lock when exiting power-down state with an active clock. Note 7: UI – Unit Interval is equivalent to one serialized data bit width (1UI = 1 / 28*CLK). The UI scales with clock frequency. Note 8: tDPJ is the maximum amount the period is allowed to deviate over many samples. Note 9: tDCCJ is the maximum amount of jitter between adjacent clock cycles. Note 10: Supply noise testing was done with minimum capacitors on the PCB. A sinusoidal signal is AC coupled to the VDDn (1.8V) supply with amplitude = 100 mVp-p measured at the device VDDn pins. Bit error rate testing of input to the Ser and output of the Des with 10 meter cable shows no error when the noise frequency on the Ser is less than 750 kHz. The Des on the other hand shows no error when the noise frequency is less than 400 kHz. Note 11: Specification is guaranteed by characterization and is not tested in production. Note 12: Specification is guaranteed by design and is not tested in production. AC Timing Diagrams and Test Circuits 30110146 FIGURE 1. Serializer Test Circuit 15 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 DC and AC Serial Control Bus Characteristics DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110130 FIGURE 2. Serializer Output Waveforms 30110147 FIGURE 3. Serializer Output Transition Times 30110131 FIGURE 4. Serializer Input CLKIN Waveform and Set and Hold Times 30110148 FIGURE 5. Serializer Lock Time www.national.com 16 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110149 FIGURE 6. Serializer Disable Time 30110110 FIGURE 7. Serializer Latency Delay 30110150 FIGURE 8. Serializer Output Jitter 17 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110132 FIGURE 9. Checkerboard Data Pattern 30110105 FIGURE 10. Deserializer LVCMOS Transition Times 30110111 FIGURE 11. Deserializer Delay – Latency 30110113 FIGURE 12. Deserializer Disable Time (OSS_SEL = 0) www.national.com 18 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110114 FIGURE 13. Deserializer PLL Lock Times and PDB TRI-STATE™ Delay 30110135 FIGURE 14. Deserializer Output Data Valid (Setup and Hold) Times with SSCG = Off 30110134 FIGURE 15. Deserializer Output Data Valid (Setup and Hold) Times with SSCG = On 19 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110116 FIGURE 16. Receiver Input Jitter Tolerance 30110152 FIGURE 17. BIST PASS Waveform 30110136 FIGURE 18. Serial Control Bus Timing Diagram www.national.com 20 The DS92LV2421 / DS92LV2422 chipset transmits and receives 24-bits of data and 3 control signals over a single serial CML pair operating at 280 Mbps to 2.1 Gbps. The serial stream also contains an embedded clock, video control signals and the DC-balance information which enhances signal quality and supports AC coupling. The Des can attain lock to a data stream without the use of a separate reference clock source, which greatly simplifies system complexity and overall cost. The Des also synchronizes to the Ser regardless of the data pattern, delivering true automatic “plug and lock” performance. It can lock to the incoming serial stream without the need of special training patterns or sync characters. The Des recovers the clock and data by extracting the embedded clock information, validating and then deserializing the incoming data stream providing a parallel LVCMOS video bus to the display or ASIC/FPGA. The DS92LV2421 / DS92LV2422 chipset can operate in 24bit color depth (with DE, HS, VS encoded within the serial data stream). In 18–bit color applications, the three video control signals maybe sent encoded within the serial bit stream (restrictions apply) along with six additional general purpose signals. Block Diagrams for the chipset are shown at the beginning of this datasheet. SER & DES OPERATING MODES AND REVERSE COMPATIBILITY (CONFIG[1:0]) The DS92LV2421 / DS92LV2422 chipset is compatible with other single serial lane Channel Link II or FPD-Link II devices. Configuraiton modes are provided for reverse compatibility with the DS90C241 / DS90C124 and also the DS90UR241 / DS90UR124 by setting the respective mode with the CONFIG [1:0] pins on the Ser or Des as shown in Table and Table. This selection also determines whether the Control Signal Filter feature is enabled or disabled in the Normal mode. These configuration modes are selectable the the control pins only. DES DEVICE L Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter disabled DS92LV2422, DS92LV2412, DS92LV0422, DS92LV0412 L H Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter enabled DS92LV2422, DS92LV2412, DS92LV0422, DS92LV0412 H L Reverse Compatibility Mode DS90UR124, DS99R124 Reverse Compatibility Mode DS90C124 H H L L Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter disabled DS92LV2421, DS92LV2411, DS92LV0421, DS92LV0411 L H Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter enabled DS92LV2421, DS92LV2411, DS92LV0421, DS92LV0411 H L Reverse Compatibility Mode DS90UR241, DS99R421 H H Reverse Compatibility Mode DS90C241 SERIALIZER Functional Description The Ser converts a wide parallel input bus to a single serial output data stream, and also acts as a signal generator for the chipset Built In Self Test (BIST) mode. The device can be configured via external pins or through the optional serial control bus. The Ser features enhance signal quality on the link by supporting: a selectable VOD level, a selectable deemphasis signal conditioning and also the Channel Link II data coding that provides randomization, scrambling, and DC Balanacing of the data. The Ser includes multiple features to reduce EMI associated with display data transmission. This includes the randomization and scrambling of the data and also the system spread spectrum clock support. The Ser features power saving features with a sleep mode, auto stop clock feature, and optional LVCMOS (1.8 V) parallel bus compatibility. See also the Functional Description of the chipset's serial control bus and BIST modes. TABLE 1. DS92LV2421 Ser Modes CONFIG1 CONFIG0 MODE SER DEVICE VIDEO CONTROL SIGNAL FILTER — SER & DES When operating the devices in Normal Mode, the Control Signals have the following restrictions: • Normal Mode with Control Signal Filter Enabled: Control Signal 1 and Control Signal 2 — Only 2 transitions per 130 clock cycles are transmitted, the transition pulse must be 3 parallel clocks or longer. • Normal Mode with Control Signal Filter Disabled: Control Signal 1 and Control Signal 2 — Only 2 transitions per 130 clock cycles are transmitted, no restriction on minimum transition pulse. • Control Signal 3 — Only 1 transition per 130 clock cycles is transmitted , minimum pulse width is 130 clock cycles. Control Signals are defined as low frequency signals with limited transition. Glitches of a control signal can cause a visual error in display applications. This feature allows for the chipset to validate and filter out any high frequency noise on the control signals. See Figure. Data Transfer The DS92LV2421 / DS92LV2422 chipset will transmit and receive a pixel of data in the following format: C1 and C0 represent the embedded clock in the serial stream. C1 is always HIGH and C0 is always LOW. The remaining 26 bit spaces contain the scrambled, encoded and DC-Balanced serial data. L CONFIG1 CONFIG0 MODE EMI Reduction Features Data Randomization & Scrambling Channel Link II Ser / Des feature a 3 step encoding process which enables the use of AC coupled interconnects and also helps to manage EMI. The serializer first passes the parallel data through a scrambler which randomizes the data. The randomized data is then DC balanced. The DC balanced and randomized data then goes through a bit shuffling circuit and 21 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 TABLE 2. DS92LV2422 Des Modes Functional Description DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 is transmitted out on the serial line. This encoding process helps to prevent static data patterns on the serial stream. The resulting frequency content of the serial stream ranges from the parallel clock frequency to the nyquist rate. For example, if the Ser / Des chip set is operating at a parallel clock frequency of 75 MHz, the resulting frequency content of serial stream ranges from 75 MHz to 1.05 GHz ( 75 MHz *28 bits = 2.1 Gbps / 2 = 1.05 GHz ). Ser — Spread Spectrum Compatibility The Ser CLKIN is capable of tracking spread spectrum clocking (SSC) from a host source. The CLKIN will accept spread spectrum tracking up to 35 kHz modulation and ±0.5, ±1 or ±2% deviations (center spread). The maximum conditions for the CLKIN input are: a modulation frequency of 35 kHz and amplitude deviations of ±2% (4% total). 30110160 Integrated Signal Conditioning Features — Ser FIGURE 19. De-Emph vs. R value Ser — VOD Select (VODSEL) The Ser differential output voltage may be increased by setting the VODSEL pin High. When VODSEL is Low, the VOD is at the standard (default) level. When VODSEL is High, the VOD is increased in level. The increased VOD is useful in extremely high noise environments and also on extra long cable length applications. When using de-emphasis it is recommended to set VODSEL = H to avoid excessive signal attenuation especially with the larger de-emphasis settings. This feature may be controlled by the external pin or by register. Power Saving Features Ser — Power Down Feature (PDB) The Ser has a PDB input pin to ENABLE or POWER DOWN the device. This pin is controlled by the host and is used to save power, disabling the link when the it is not needed. In the POWER DOWN mode, the high-speed driver outputs are both pulled to VDD and present a 0V VOD state. Note – in POWER DOWN, the optional Serial Bus Control Registers are RESET. Ser — Stop Clock Feature The Ser will enter a low power SLEEP state when the CLKIN is stopped. A STOP condition is detected when the input clock frequency is less than 3 MHz. The clock should be held at a static Low or high state. When the CLKIN starts again, the Ser will then lock to the valid input clock and then transmits the serial data to the Des. Note – in STOP CLOCK SLEEP, the optional Serial Bus Control Registers values are RETAINED. TABLE 3. Differential Output Voltage Input Effect VODSEL VOD mV VOD mVp-p H ±420 840 L ±280 560 Ser — De-Emphasis (De-Emph) The De-Emph pin controls the amount of de-emphasis beginning one full bit time after a logic transition that the Ser drives. This is useful to counteract loading effects of long or lossy cables. This pin should be left open for standard switching currents (no de-emphasis) or if controlled by register. Deemphasis is selected by connecting a resistor on this pin to ground, with R value between 0.5 kΩ to 1 MΩ, or by register setting. When using De-Emphasis it is recommended to set VODSEL = H. 1.8V or 3.3V VDDIO Operation The Ser parallel bus and Serial Bus Interface can operate with 1.8 V or 3.3 V levels (VDDIO) for host compatibility. The 1.8 V levels will offer lower noise (EMI) and also a system power savings. Ser — Pixel Clock Edge Select (RFB) The RFB pin determines the edge that the data is latched on. If RFB is High, input data is latched on the Rising edge of the CLKIN. If RFB is Low, input data is latched on the Falling edge of the CLKIN. Ser and Des maybe set differently. This feature may be controlled by the external pin or by register. TABLE 4. De-Emphasis Resistor Value Resistor Value (kΩ) De-Emphasis Setting Open Disabled 0.6 - 12 dB 1.0 - 9 dB 2.0 - 6 dB 5.0 - 3 dB www.national.com Optional Serial Bus Control Please see the following section on the optional Serial Bus Control Interface. Optional BIST Mode Please see the following section on the chipset BIST mode for details. 22 Des — Common Mode Filter Pin (CMF) — Optional The Des provides access to the center tap of the internal termination. A capacitor may be placed on this pin for additional common-mode filtering of the differential pair. This can be useful in high noise environments for additional noise rejection capability. A 4.7 µF capacitor may be connected to this pin to Ground. Des — SSCG Generation — Optional The Des provides an internally generated spread spectrum clock (SSCG) to modulate its outputs. Both clock and data outputs are modulated. This will aid to lower system EMI. Output SSCG deviations to ±2% (4% total) at up to 100 kHz modulations is available. Note: The device supports SSCG function with CLK = 10 MHz to 65 MHz. When the CLK = 65 MHz to 75 MHz, it is required to disable SSCG function (SSC [3:0] = 0000). See Table 6. This feature may be controlled by external STRAP pins or by register. Integrated Signal Conditioning Features — Des Des — Input Equalizer Gain (EQ) The Des can enable receiver input equalization of the serial stream to increase the eye opening to the Des input. Note this function cannot be seen at the RxIN+/- input but can be observed at the serial test port (ROUT+/-) enabled via the Serial Bus control registers. The equalization feature may be controlled by the external pin or by register. TABLE 5. Receiver Equalization Configuration Table INPUTS EQ3 EQ2 L L Effect EQ1 EQ0 L L H L H H ~3 dB L H L H ~4.5 dB ~1.5 dB L H H H ~6 dB H L L H ~7.5 dB H L H H ~9 dB H H L H ~10.5 dB H H H H ~12 dB X X X L OFF* 30110133 FIGURE 20. SSCG Waveform * Default Setting is EQ = Off EMI Reduction Features Des — Output Slew Rate Select (OS_CLKOUT/OS_DATA) The parallel data outputs and clock outputs of the deserializer feature selectable output slew rates. The slew rate of the 23 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 CLKOUT pin is controlled by the strap pin or register OS_CLKOUT, while the data outputs (DO[23:0] and CO[3:1]) are controlled by the strap pin or register OS_DATA. When OS_CLKOUT/DATA = HIGH, the maxium slew rate is selected. When the OS_CLKOUT/DATA = LOW, the minimum slew rate is selected. Use the higher slew rate when driving longer traces or a heavier capacitive load. DESERIALIZER Functional Description The Des converts a single input serial data stream to a wide parallel output bus, and also provides a signal check for the chipset Built In Self Test (BIST) mode. The device can be configured via external pins and strap pins or through the optional serial control bus. The Des features enhance signal quality on the link with an integrated equalizer on the serial input and Channel Link II data encoding which provides randomization, scrambling, and DC balanacing of the data. The Des includes multiple features to reduce EMI associated with data transmission. This includes the randomization and scrambling of the data, the output spread spectrum clock generation (SSCG) support and output clock and data slew rate select. The Des features power saving features with a power down mode, and optional LVCMOS (1.8 V) interface compatibility. DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 TABLE 6. SSCG Configuration (LF_MODE = L) — Des Output SSC[3:0] Inputs LF_MODE = L (20 - 65 MHz) Result SSC3 SSC2 SSC1 SSC0 fdev (%) fmod (kHz) L L L L L L L NA Disable H ±0.5 L L H L ±1.0 L L H H ±1.5 L H L L ±2.0 L H L H ±0.5 L H H L ±1.0 L H H H ±1.5 H L L L ±2.0 H L L H ±0.5 H L H L ±1.0 H L H H ±1.5 H H L L ±2.0 H H L H ±0.5 H H H L ±1.0 H H H H ±1.5 CLK/2168 CLK/1300 CLK/868 CLK/650 TABLE 7. SSCG Configuration (LF_MODE = H) — Des Output SSC[3:0] Inputs LH_MODE = H (10 - 20 MHz) Result SSC3 SSC2 SSC1 SSC0 fdev (%) fmod (kHz) L L L L NA Disable L L L H ±0.5 L L H L ±1.0 L L H H ±1.5 L H L L ±2.0 L H L H ±0.5 L H H L ±1.0 L H H H ±1.5 H L L L ±2.0 H L L H ±0.5 H L H L ±1.0 H L H H ±1.5 H H L L ±2.0 H H L H ±0.5 H H H L ±1.0 H H H H ±1.5 CLK/370 CLK/258 CLK/192 auto detect mode is also available. In this mode, the PDB pin is tied High and the Des will enter POWER DOWN when the serial stream stops. When the serial stream starts up again, the Des will lock to the input stream and assert the LOCK pin and output valid data. In POWER DOWN mode, the Data and CLKOUT output states are determined by the OSS_SEL status. Note – in POWER DOWN, the optional Serial Bus Control Registers are RESET. 1.8V or 3.3V VDDIO Operation The Des parallel bus and Serial Bus Interface can operate with 1.8 V or 3.3 V levels (VDDIO) for target (Display) compatibility. The 1.8 V levels will offer a lower noise (EMI) and also a system power savings. Power Saving Features Des — PowerDown Feature (PDB) The Des has a PDB input pin to ENABLE or POWER DOWN the device. This pin can be controlled by the system to save power, disabling the Des when the display is not needed. An www.national.com CLK/620 Des — Stop Stream SLEEP Feature The Des will enter a low power SLEEP state when the input serial stream is stopped. A STOP condition is detected when 24 parallel bus and clock outputs. The CLKOUT output is held at its current state at the change from OSC_CLK (if this is enabled via OSC_SEL) to the recovered clock (or vice versa). If there is a loss of clock from the input serial stream, LOCK is driven Low and the state of the outputs are based on the OSS_SEL setting (STRAP PIN configuration or register). Des — CLOCK-DATA RECOVERY STATUS FLAG (LOCK) and OUTPUT STATE SELECT (OSS_SEL) When PDB is driven HIGH, the CDR PLL begins locking to the serial input and LOCK goes from TRI-STATE to LOW (depending on the value of the OSS_SEL setting). After the DS92LV2422 completes its lock sequence to the input serial data, the LOCK output is driven HIGH, indicating valid data and clock recovered from the serial input is available on the Des — Oscillator Output — Optional The Des provides an optional clock output when the input clock (serial stream) has been lost. This is based on an internal oscillator. The frequency of the oscillator may be selected. This feature may be controlled by the external pin or by register. See Table 9 and Table 10. TABLE 8. OSS_SEL and PDB Configuration — Des Outputs INPUTS Serial Input PDB X X OUTPUTS OSS_SEL CLKOUT DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 LOCK PASS L L Z Z Z Z L H L L L H Static H L Z Z L H Static H H L L L H Active H X Active Active H H TABLE 9. OSC (Oscillator) Mode — Des Output INPUTS OUTPUTS Embedded CLK CLKOUT DO[23:0]/CO1/CO2/CO3 LOCK PASS NOTE * OSC Output L L H Present Toggling Active H H * NOTE — Absent and OSC_SEL ≠ 000 30110140 FIGURE 21. Des Outputs with Output State Select Low (OSS_SEL = L) 25 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 the embedded clock bits are not present. When the serial stream starts again, the Des will then lock to the incoming signal and recover the data. Note – in STOP STREAM SLEEP, the optional Serial Bus Control Registers values are RETAINED. DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110153 FIGURE 22. Des Outputs with Output State Select High (OSS_SEL = H) TABLE 10. OSC_SEL (Oscillator) Configuration OSC_SEL[2:0] INPUTS CLKOUT Oscillator Frequency OSC_SEL2 OSC_SEL1 OSC_SEL0 L L L Off – Feature Disabled – Default L L H 50 MHz ±40% L H L 25 MHz ±40% L H H 16.7 MHz ±40% H L L 12.5 MHz ±40% H L H 10 MHz ±40% H H L 8.3 MHz ±40% H H H 6.3 MHz ±40% www.national.com 26 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110154 FIGURE 23. Des Outputs with Output State High and CLK Output Oscillator Option Enabled Other features should be selected through the I2C register interface. 2. The OSS_SEL feature is not available when OP_LOW is enabled. Outputs DO[23:0], CO[3:1] and CLKOUT are in TRI-STATE™ before PDB toggles HIGH because the OP-LOW strap value has not been recognized until the DS92LV2422 powers up. Figure 24 shows the user controlled release of the OP_LOW and automatic reset of OP_LOW set on the falling edge of LOCK. Figure 25 shows the user controlled release of OP_LOW and manual reset of OP_LOW set. Note manual reset of OP_LOW can only occur when LOCK is HIGH. Des — OP_LOW — Optional The OP_LOW feature is used to hold the LVCMOS outputs, except for the LOCK output, at a LOW state. When the OP_LOW feature is enabled, the LVCMOS outputs will be held at logic LOW while LOCK = LOW. The user must toggle the OP_LOW Set/Reset register bit to release the outputs to the normal toggling state. Note that the release of the outputs can only occur when LOCK is HIGH. The OP_LOW strap option is assigned to the PASS pin, at pin location 42. Restrictions on other straps: 1. Other strap options should not be used in order to keep the data and clock outputs at a true logic LOW state. 27 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110165 FIGURE 24. OP_LOW Auto Set 30110166 FIGURE 25. OP_LOW Manual Set/Reset downstream devices. The Des output does not need to use the same edge as the Ser input. This feature may be controlled by the external pin or by register. Des — Clock Edge Select (RFB) The RFB pin determines the edge that the data is strobed on. If RFB is High, output data is strobed on the Rising edge of the CLKOUT. If RFB is Low, data is strobed on the Falling edge of the CLKOUT. This allows for inter-operability with www.national.com 28 Des — SSCG Low Frequency Optimization (LF_Mode) Text to come. This feature may be controlled by the external pin or by Register. Des — Strap Input Pins Configuration of the device maybe done via configuration input pins and the STRAP input pins, or via the Serial Control Bus. The STRAP input pins share select parallel bus output pins. They are used to load in configuration values during the initial power up sequence of the device. Only a pull-up on the pin is required when a HIGH is desired. By default the pad has an internal pull down, and will bias Low by itself. The recommended value of the pull up is 10 kΩ to VDDIO; open (NC) for Low, no pull-down is required (internal pull-down). If using the Serial Control Bus, no pull ups are required. Optional Serial Bus Control Please see the following section on the optional Serial Bus Control Interface. Optional BIST Mode Please see the following section on the chipset BIST mode for details. Built In Self Test (BIST) An optional At-Speed Built In Self Test (BIST) feature supports the testing of the high-speed serial link. This is useful in the prototype stage, equipment production, in-system test and also for system diagnostics. In the BIST mode only a input clock is required along with control to the Ser and Des BISTEN input pins. The Ser outputs a test pattern (PRBS7) and drives the link at speed. The Des detects the PRBS7 pattern and monitors it for errors. A PASS output pin toggles to flag any payloads that are received with 1 to 24 errors. Upon completion of the test, the result of the test is held on the PASS output until reset (new BIST test or Power Down). A high on PASS indicates NO ERRORS were detected. A Low on PASS indicates one or more errors were detected. The duration of the test is controlled by the pulse width applied to the Des BISTEN pin. Inter-operability is supported between this Channel Link II device and all Channel Link II generations (Gen 1/2/3) — see respective datasheets for details on entering BIST mode and control. Sample BIST Sequence See Figure 26 for the BIST mode flow diagram. Step 1: Place the DS92LV2421 Ser in BIST Mode by setting Ser BISTEN = H. For the DS92LV2421 Ser or DS99R421 Channel Link II Ser BIST Mode is enabled via the BISTEN pin. A CLKIN is required for BIST. When the Des detects the BIST mode pattern and command (DCA and DCB code) the data and control signal outputs are shut off. Step 2: Place the DS92LV2422 Des in BIST mode by setting the BISTEN = H. The Des is now in the BIST mode and checks 30110143 FIGURE 26. BIST Mode Flow Diagram BER Calculations It is possible to calculate the approximate Bit Error Rate (BER). The following is required: • Clock Frequency (MHz) • BIST Duration (seconds) • BIST test Result (PASS) The BER is less than or equal to one over the product of 24 times the CLK rate times the test duration. If we assume a 65 MHz clock, a 10 minute (600 second) test, and a PASS, the BERT is ≤ 1.07 X 10E-12 The BIST mode runs a check on the data payload bits. The LOCK pin also provides a link status. It the recovery of the C0 and C1 bits does not reconstruct the expected clock signal, the LOCK pin will switch Low. The combination of the LOCK and At-Speed BIST PASS pin provides a powerful tool for system evaluation and performance monitoring. 29 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 the incoming serial payloads for errors. If an error in the payload (1 to 24) is detected, the PASS pin will switch low for one half of the clock period. During the BIST test, the PASS output can be monitored and counted to determine the payload error rate. Step 3: To Stop the BIST mode, the Des BISTEN pin is set Low. The Des stops checking the data and the final test result is held on the PASS pin. If the test ran error free, the PASS output will be High. If there was one or more errors detected, the PASS output will be Low. The PASS output state is held until a new BIST is run, the device is RESET, or Powered Down. The BIST duration is user controlled by the duration of the BISTEN signal. Step 4: To return the link to normal operation, the Ser BISTEN input is set Low. The Link returns to normal operation. Figure 27 shows the waveform diagram of a typical BIST test for two cases. Case 1 is error free, and Case 2 shows one with multiple errors. In most cases it is difficult to generate errors due to the robustness of the link (differential data transmission etc.), thus they may be introduced by greatly extending the cable length, faulting the interconnect, reducing signal condition enhancements (De-Emphasis, VODSEL, or Rx Equalization). Des — Control Signal Filter — Optional The deserializer provides an optional Control Signal (C3, C2, C1) filter that monitors the three control signals and eliminates any pulses or glitches that are 1 or 2 parallel clock periods wide. Control signals must be 3 parallel clock periods wide (in its HIGH or LOW state, regardless of which state is active). This is set by the CONFIG[1:0] strap option or by I2C register control. DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 30110164 FIGURE 27. BIST Waveforms dresses may be used. See Table 11 for the Ser and Table 12 for the Des. The Serial Bus protocol is controlled by START, START-Repeated, and STOP phases. A START occurs when SCL transitions Low while SDA is High. A STOP occurs when SDA transition High while SCL is also HIGH. See Figure 29 Optional Serial Bus Control The Ser and Des may also be configured by the use of a serial control bus that is I2C protocol compatible. By default, the I2C reg_0x00'h is set to 00'h and all configuration is set by control/ strap pins. A write of 01'h to reg_0x00'h will enable/allow configuration by registers; this will override the control/strap pins. Multiple devices may share the serial control bus since multiple addresses are supported. See Figure 28. The serial bus is comprised of three pins. The SCL is a Serial Bus Clock Input. The SDA is the Serial Bus Data Input / Output signal. Both SCL and SDA signals require an external pull up resistor to VDDIO. For most applications a 4.7 k pull up resistor to VDDIO may be used. The resistor value may be adjusted for capacitive loading and data rate requirements. The signals are either pulled High, or driven Low. 30110151 FIGURE 29. START and STOP Conditions To communicate with a remote device, the host controller (master) sends the slave address and listens for a response from the slave. This response is referred to as an acknowledge bit (ACK). If a slave on the bus is addressed correctly, it Acknowledges (ACKs) the master by driving the SDA bus low. If the address doesn't match a device's slave address, it Not-acknowledges (NACKs) the master by letting SDA be pulled High. ACKs also occur on the bus when data is being transmitted. When the master is writing data, the slave ACKs after every data byte is successfully received. When the master is reading data, the master ACKs after every data byte is received to let the slave know it wants to receive another data byte. When the master wants to stop reading, it NACKs after the last data byte and creates a stop condition on the bus. All communication on the bus begins with either a Start condition or a Repeated Start condition. All communication on the bus ends with a Stop condition. A READ is shown in Figure 30 and a WRITE is shown in Figure 31. 30110141 FIGURE 28. Serial Control Bus Connection The third pin is the ID[X] pin. This pin sets one of five possible device addresses. Three different connections are possible. The pin may be tied to ground. The pin may be pulled to VDD (1.8V, NOT VDDIO)) with a 10 kΩ resistor. Or a 10 kΩ pull up resistor (to VDD 1.8V, NOT VDDIO)) and a pull down resistor of the recommended value to set other three possible adwww.national.com 30 TABLE 12. ID[x] Resistor Value – DS92LV2422 Des TABLE 11. ID[x] Resistor Value – DS92LV2421 Ser Resistor RID kΩ Address 7'b Address 8'b 0 appended (WRITE) Resistor RID kΩ Address 7'b Address 8'b 0 appended (WRITE) 0.47 7b' 111 0001 (h'71) 8b' 1110 0010 (h'E2) 2.7 7b' 111 0010 (h'72) 8b' 1110 0100 (h'E4) 0.47 7b' 110 1001 (h'69) 8b' 1101 0010 (h'D2) 8.2 7b' 111 0011 (h'73) 8b' 1110 0110 (h'E6) 2.7 7b' 110 1010 (h'6A) 8b' 1101 0100 (h'D4) Open 7b' 111 0110 (h'76) 8b' 1110 1100 (h'EC) 8.2 7b' 110 1011 (h'6B) 8b' 1101 0110 (h'D6) Open 7b' 110 1110 (h'6E) 8b' 1101 1100 (h'DC) 30110138 FIGURE 30. Serial Control Bus — READ 30110139 FIGURE 31. Serial Control Bus — WRITE 31 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 If the Serial Bus is not required, the three pins may be left open (NC). DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 TABLE 13. SERIALIZER — Serial Bus Control Registers ADD ADD Register Name (dec) (hex) 0 1 2 0 1 2 www.national.com Ser Config 1 Device ID De-Emphasis Control Bit(s) R/W Defa Function ult (bin) 7 R/W 0 Reserved Reserved 6 R/W 0 Reserved Reserved 5 R/W 0 RFB 0: Data latched on Falling edge of CLKIN 1: Data latched on Rising edge of CLKIN 4 R/W 0 VODSEL 0: Low 1: High 3:2 R/W 00 CONFIG 00: Control Signal Filter Disabled 01: Control Signal Filter Enabled 10: Reserved 11: Reserved 1 R/W 0 SLEEP Note – not the same function as PowerDown (PDB) 0: normal mode 1: Sleep Mode – Register settings retained. 0 R/W 0 REG 0: Configurations set from control pins 1: Configuration set from registers (except I2C_ID) 7 R/W 0 REG ID 0: Address from ID[X] Pin 1: Address from Register 6:0 R/W 1101 ID[X] 000 Serial Bus Device ID, Four IDs are: 7b '1101 001 (h'69) 7b '1101 010 (h'6A) 7b '1101 011 (h'6B) 7b '1101 110 (h'6E) All other addresses are Reserved. 7:5 R/W 000 De-E Setting 000: set by external Resistor 001: -1 dB 010: -2 dB 011: -3.3 dB 100: -5 dB 101: -6.7 dB 110: -9 dB 111: -12 dB 4 R/W 0 De-E EN 0: De-Emphasis Enabled 1: De-Emphasis Disabled 3:0 R/W 000 Reserved Reserved 32 Description DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 TABLE 14. DESERIALIZER — Serial Bus Control Registers ADD ADD Register Name (dec) (hex) 0 1 2 0 1 2 Des Config 1 Slave ID Des Features 1 Bit(s) R/W Defa Function ult (bin) Description 7 R/W 0 LF_MODE 0: 20 to 65 MHz SSCG Operation 1: 10 to 20 MHz SSCG Operation 6 R/W 0 OS_CLKOUT 0: Normal CLKOUT Slew Rate 1: Increased CLKOUT Slew Rate 5 R/W 0 OS_DATA 0: Normal DATA Slew Rate 1: Increased DATA Slew Rate 4 R/W 0 RFB 0: Data strobed on Falling edge of CLKOUT 1: Data strobed on Rising edge of CLKOUT 3:2 R/W 00 CONFIG 00: Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter Disabled 01: Normal Mode, Control Signal Filter Enabled 10: Reserved 11: Reserved 1 R/W 0 SLEEP Note – not the same function as PowerDown (PDB) 0: Normal Mode 1: Sleep Mode – Register settings retained. 0 R/W 0 REG Control 0: Configurations set from control pins / STRAP pins 1: Configurations set from registers (except I2C_ID) 7 R/W 0 6:0 R/W 7 R/W 0 OP_LOW 0: Set outputs state LOW (except LOCK) 1: Release output LOW state, outputs toggling normally Note: This register only workds during LOCK = 1 6 R/W 0 OSS_SEL Output Sleep State Select 0: CLKOUT, DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 = Tri-State, LOCK = Normal, PASS = H 1: CLKOUT, DO[23:0], CO1, CO2, CO3 = L, LOCK = Normal, PASS = H 5:4 R/W 00 Reserved Reserved 3 R/W 0 OP_LOW Strap Bypass 0: Strap will determine whether OP_LOW feature is ON or OFF 1: Turns OFF OP_LOW feature 2:0 R/W 00 OSC_SEL 000: disable 001: 50 MHz ±40% 010: 25 MHz ±40% 011: 16.7 MHz ±40% 100: 12.5 MHz ±40% 101: 10 MHz ±40% 110: 8.3 MHz ±40% 111: 6.3 MHz ±40% 0: Address from ID[X] Pin 1: Address from Register 1110 ID[X] 000 Serial Bus Device ID, Four IDs are: 7b '1110 001 (h'71) 7b '1110 010 (h'72) 7b '1110 011 (h'73) 7b '1110 110 (h'76) All other addresses are Reserved. 33 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 ADD ADD Register Name (dec) (hex) 3 4 3 4 www.national.com Des Features 2 ROUT Config Bit(s) R/W Defa Function ult (bin) Description 7:5 R/W 000 EQ Gain 000: ~1.625 dB 001: ~3.25 dB 010: ~4.87 dB 011: ~6.5 dB 100: ~8.125 dB 101: ~9.75 dB 110: ~11.375 dB 111: ~13 dB 4 R/W 0 EQ Enable 0: EQ = disable 1: EQ = enable 3:0 R/W 7 R/W 6:0 R/W 0000 SSC 0 IF LF_MODE = 0, then: 000: SSCG disable 0001: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/2168 0010: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/2168 0011: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/2168 0100: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/2168 0101: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/1300 0110: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/1300 0111: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/1300 1000: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/1300 1001: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/868 1010: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/868 1011: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/868 1100: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/868 1101: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/650 1110: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/650 1111: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/650 IF LF_MODE = 1, then: 000: SSCG disable 0001: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/620 0010: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/620 0011: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/620 0100: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/620 0101: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/370 0110: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/370 0111: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/370 1000: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/370 1001: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/258 1010: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/258 1011: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/258 1100: fdev = ±2.0%, fmod = CLK/258 1101: fdev = ±0.5%, fmod = CLK/192 1110: fdev = ±1.0%, fmod = CLK/192 1111: fdev = ±1.5%, fmod = CLK/192 Repeater Enable 0: Output ROUT+/- = disable 1: Output ROUT+/- = enable 0000 Reserved 000 34 Reserved DISPLAY APPLICATION The DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 chipset is intended for interface between a host (graphics processor) and a Display. It supports an 24-bit color depth (RGB888). In a RGB888 application, 24 color bits (D[23:0), Pixel Clock (CLKIN) and three control bits (C1, C2, C3) are supported across the serial link with CLK rates from 10 to 75 MHz. The chipset may also be used in 18-bit color applications. In this application three to six general purpose signals may also be sent from host to display. The Des is expected to be located close to its target device. The interconnect between the Des and the target device is typically in the 1 to 3 inch separation range. The input capacitance of the target device is expected to be in the 5 to 10 pF range. Care should be taken on the CLK output trace as this signal is edge sensitive and strobes the data. It is also assumed that the fanout of the Des is one. If additional loads need to be driven, a logic buffer or mux device is recommended. 30110144 FIGURE 32. DS92LV2421 Typical Connection Diagram — Pin Control 35 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 TYPICAL APPLICATION CONNECTION Figure 32 shows a typical application of the DS92LV2421 Ser in Pin control mode for 24-bit Application. The LVDS outputs require 100 nF AC coupling capacitors to the line. The line driver includes internal termination. Bypass capacitors are placed near the power supply pins. At a minimum, four 0.1 µF capacitors and a 4.7 µF capacitor should be used for local device bypassing. System GPO (General Purpose Output) signals control the PDB and BISTEN pins. In this application the RFB pin is tied Low to latch data on the falling edge of the CLKIN. In this example the cable is long, therefore the VODSEL pin is tied High and a De-Emphasis value is selected by the resistor R1. The interface to the host is with 1.8 V LVCMOS levels, thus the VDDIO pin is connected also to the 1.8V rail. The optional Serial Bus control is not used in this example, thus the SCL, SDA and ID[x] pins are left open. A delay cap is placed on the PDB signal to delay the enabling of the device until power is stable. Applications Information DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Figure 33 shows a typical application of the DS92LV2422 Des in Pin/STRAP control mode 24-bit Application. The LVDS inputs utilize 100 nF coupling capacitors to the line and the receiver provides internal termination. Bypass capacitors are placed near the power supply pins. At a minimum, seven 0.1 µF capacitors and two 4.7 µF capacitors should be used for local device bypassing. System GPO (General Purpose Output) signals control the PDB and the BISTEN pins. In this application the RFB pin is tied Low to strobe the data on the falling edge of the CLKOUT. Since the device in the Pin/STRAP mode, four 10 kΩ pull up resistors are used on the parallel output bus to select the desired device features. CFEN is set to 1 for Normal Mode with Control Signal Filter enabled, this is accomplished with the STRAP pull-up on DO23. The receiver input equalizer is also enabled and set to provide 7.5 dB of gain, this is accomplished with EQ[3:0] set to 1001'b with STRAP pull ups on DO12 and DO15. To reduce parallel bus EMI, the SSCG feature is enabled and set to fmod = CLK/2168 and ±1% with SSC[3:0] set to 0010'b and a STRAP pull-up on DO4. The desired features are set with the use of the four pull up resistors. The interface to the target display is with 3.3V LVCMOS levels, thus the VDDIO pin is connected to the 3.3 V rail. The optional Serial Bus Control is not used in this example, thus the SCL, SDA and ID[x] pins are left open. A delay cap is placed on the PDB signal to delay the enabling of the device until power is stable. 30110145 FIGURE 33. DS92LV2422 Typical Connection Diagram — Pin Control www.national.com 36 TRANSMISSION MEDIA The Ser/Des chipset is intended to be used in a point-to-point configuration, through a PCB trace, or through twisted pair cable. The Ser and Des provide internal terminations providing a clean signaling environment. The interconnect for LVDS should present a differential impedance of 100 Ohms. Use cables and connectors that have matched differential impedance to minimize impedance discontinuities. Shielded or un-shielded cables may be used depending upon the noise environment and application requirements. LIVE LINK INSERTION The Ser and Des devices support live pluggable applications. The automatic receiver lock to random data “plug & go” hot insertion capability allows the DS92LV2422 to attain lock to the active data stream during a live insertion event. PCB LAYOUT AND POWER SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS Circuit board layout and stack-up for the LVDS Ser/Des devices should be designed to provide low-noise power feed to the device. Good layout practice will also separate high frequency or high-level inputs and outputs to minimize unwanted stray noise pickup, feedback and interference. Power system performance may be greatly improved by using thin dielectrics (2 to 4 mils) for power / ground sandwiches. This arrangement provides plane capacitance for the PCB power system with low-inductance parasitics, which has proven especially effective at high frequencies, and makes the value and placement of external bypass capacitors less critical. External bypass capacitors should include both RF ceramic and tantalum electrolytic types. RF capacitors may use values in the range of 0.01 uF to 0.1 uF. Tantalum capacitors may be in the 2.2 uF to 10 uF range. Voltage rating of the tantalum capacitors should be at least 5X the power supply voltage being used. Surface mount capacitors are recommended due to their smaller parasitics. When using multiple capacitors per supply pin, locate the smaller value closer to the pin. A large bulk capacitor is recommend at the point of power entry. This is typically in the 50uF to 100uF range and will smooth low frequency switching noise. It is recommended to connect power and ground pins directly to the power and ground planes with bypass capacitors connected to the plane with via on both LVDS INTERCONNECT GUIDELINES See AN-1108 and AN-905 for full details. • Use 100Ω coupled differential pairs • Use the S/2S/3S rule in spacings – S = space between the pair – 2S = space between pairs – 3S = space to LVCMOS signal • Minimize the number of Vias • Use differential connectors when operating above 500Mbps line speed • Maintain balance of the traces • Minimize skew within the pair • Terminate as close to the TX outputs and RX inputs as possible Additional general guidance can be found in the LVDS Owner’s Manual - available in PDF format from the National web site at: www.national.com/lvds 37 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 ends of the capacitor. Connecting power or ground pins to an external bypass capacitor will increase the inductance of the path. A small body size X7R chip capacitor, such as 0603, is recommended for external bypass. Its small body size reduces the parasitic inductance of the capacitor. The user must pay attention to the resonance frequency of these external bypass capacitors, usually in the range of 20-30 MHz. To provide effective bypassing, multiple capacitors are often used to achieve low impedance between the supply rails over the frequency of interest. At high frequency, it is also a common practice to use two vias from power and ground pins to the planes, reducing the impedance at high frequency. Some devices provide separate power and ground pins for different portions of the circuit. This is done to isolate switching noise effects between different sections of the circuit. Separate planes on the PCB are typically not required. Pin Description tables typically provide guidance on which circuit blocks are connected to which power pin pairs. In some cases, an external filter many be used to provide clean power to sensitive circuits such as PLLs. Use at least a four layer board with a power and ground plane. Locate LVCMOS signals away from the LVDS lines to prevent coupling from the LVCMOS lines to the LVDS lines. Closelycoupled differential lines of 100 Ohms are typically recommended for LVDS interconnect. The closely coupled lines help to ensure that coupled noise will appear as commonmode and thus is rejected by the receivers. The tightly coupled lines will also radiate less. Information on the LLP style package is provided in National Application Note: AN-1187. POWER UP REQUIREMENTS AND PDB PIN The VDD (VDDn and VDDIO) supply ramp should be faster than 1.5 ms with a monotonic rise. If slower then 1.5 ms then a capacitor on the PDB pin is needed to ensure PDB arrives after all the VDD have settled to the recommended operating voltage. When PDB pin is pulled to VDDIO, it is recommended to use a 10 kΩ pull-up and a 22 uF cap to GND to delay the PDB input signal. DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 48–pin LLP Package (7.0 mm x 7.0 mm x 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch) NS Package Number SQA48A 60–pin LLP Package (9.0 mm x 9.0 mm x 0.8 mm, 0.5 mm pitch) NS Package Number SQA60B www.national.com 38 DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 Notes 39 www.national.com DS92LV2421/DS92LV2422 10 to 75 MHz, 24-bit Channel Link II Serializer and Deserializer Notes For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: www.national.com Products Design Support Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers WEBENCH® Tools www.national.com/webench Audio www.national.com/audio App Notes www.national.com/appnotes Clock and Timing www.national.com/timing Reference Designs www.national.com/refdesigns Data Converters www.national.com/adc Samples www.national.com/samples Interface www.national.com/interface Eval Boards www.national.com/evalboards LVDS www.national.com/lvds Packaging www.national.com/packaging Power Management www.national.com/power Green Compliance www.national.com/quality/green Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers Distributors www.national.com/contacts LDOs www.national.com/ldo Quality and Reliability www.national.com/quality LED Lighting www.national.com/led Feedback/Support www.national.com/feedback Voltage References www.national.com/vref Design Made Easy www.national.com/easy www.national.com/powerwise Applications & Markets www.national.com/solutions Mil/Aero www.national.com/milaero PowerWise® Solutions Serial Digital Interface (SDI) www.national.com/sdi Temperature Sensors www.national.com/tempsensors SolarMagic™ www.national.com/solarmagic PLL/VCO www.national.com/wireless www.national.com/training PowerWise® Design University THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION (“NATIONAL”) PRODUCTS. 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