ONSEMI LM2931AZ-5.0

Order this document by LM2931/D
LOW DROPOUT
VOLTAGE REGULATORS
The LM2931 series consists of positive fixed and adjustable output
voltage regulators that are specifically designed to maintain proper
regulation with an extremely low input–to–output voltage differential. These
devices are capable of supplying output currents in excess of 100 mA and
feature a low bias current of 0.4 mA at 10 mA output.
Designed primarily to survive in the harsh automotive environment, these
devices will protect all external load circuitry from input fault conditions
caused by reverse battery connection, two battery jump starts, and
excessive line transients during load dump. This series also includes internal
current limiting, thermal shutdown, and additionally, is able to withstand
temporary power–up with mirror–image insertion.
Due to the low dropout voltage and bias current specifications, the
LM2931 series is ideally suited for battery powered industrial and consumer
equipment where an extension of useful battery life is desirable. The ‘C’
suffix adjustable output regulators feature an output inhibit pin which is
extremely useful in microprocessor–based systems.
• Input–to–Output Voltage Differential of < 0.6 V @ 100 mA
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
FIXED OUTPUT VOLTAGE
Z SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 29
1
2
Pin 1. Output
2. Ground
3. Input
3
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A
Heatsink surface
connected to Pin 2.
Output Current in Excess of 100 mA
Low Bias Current
1
Pin 1. Input
2. Ground
3. Output
2
3
60 V Load Dump Protection
– 50 V Reverse Transient Protection
1
Internal Current Limiting with Thermal Shutdown
3
Temporary Mirror–Image Protection
1
DT SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369A
(DPAK)
Ideally Suited for Battery Powered Equipment
Economical 5–Lead TO–220 Package with Two Optional Leadforms
Available in Surface Mount SOP–8, D2PAK and DPAK Packages
High Accuracy (±2%) Reference (LM2931AC) Available
2
3
DT–1 SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369
(DPAK)
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936
(D2PAK)
2
1
3
Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in
case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2.
(See Following Page for Ordering Information.)
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
FIXED
N.C.
5
4
Gnd
Input
1
Output
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751
(SOP–8)
ADJUSTABLE
5
4
8
1
Gnd
Input
8
1
(Top View)
Output
Inhibit
TH SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314A
Gnd
8
Pin 1. Adjust
2. Output Inhibit
3. Ground
4. Input
5. Output
N.C.
1
5
1
TV SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314B
1
5
5
Adjust
Gnd
Output
(Top View)
T SUFFIX
PLASTC PACKAGE
CASE 314D
1
Heatsink surface connected to Pin 3.
5
 Motorola, Inc. 1997
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936A
(D2PAK)
Heatsink surface (shown as
terminal 6 in case outline
drawing) is connected to Pin 3.
Rev 4
1
LM2931 Series
ORDERING INFORMATION
Output
Voltage
D i
Device
Tolerance
C
Case
LM2931AD–5.0
LM2931ADT–5.0
LM2931ADT–1–5.0
±38
3 8%
%
±3.8%
LM2931AD2T–5.0
P k
Package
751
SOP–8 Surface Mount
369A
Surface Mount DPAK
369
DPAK
936
Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931AT–5.0
221A
TO–220 Type
LM2931AZ–5.0
29
TO–92 Type
751
50V
5.0
LM2931D–5.0
LM2931D2T–5.0
936
SOP–8 Surface Mount
Surface Mount D2PAK
LM2931DT–5.0
369A
Surface Mount DPAK
LM2931DT–1–5.0
369
LM2931T–5.0
DPAK
221A
TO–220 Type
29
TO–92 Type
751
936A
SOP–8 Surface Mount
Surface Mount D2PAK
314D
5–Pin TO–220 Type
LM2931CTH
314A
5–Pin Horizontal Leadform
LM2931CTV
314B
5–Pin Vertical Leadform
LM2931ACD
751
±5.0%
5 0%
LM2931Z–5.0
LM2931CD
LM2931CD2T
LM2931CT
Adjustable
Adj
j
bl
936A
SOP–8 Surface Mount
Surface Mount D2PAK
314D
5–Pin TO–220 Type
LM2931ACTH
314A
5–Pin Horizontal Leadform
LM2931ACTV
314B
5–Pin Vertical Leadform
LM2931ACD2T
LM2931ACT
±2.0%
2 0%
Adjustable
Adj
bl
Representative Schematic Diagram
Input
6.0
30 k
6.0 k
6.8 V
350
500
Output
30 k
Output
Inhibit
50 k
30 k
30 k *
48 k
180 k
184 k
5.8 V
3.94 k
Adjust
3.0 k
EPI
Bias
92.8 k *
35 k
11.5 k
10 k
Ground
*Deleted on Adjustable Regulators
2
This device contains 26 active transistors.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating
Symbol
Value
Unit
Input Voltage Continuous
VI
40
Vdc
Transient Input Voltage (τ ≤ 100 ms)
VI(τ)
60
Vpk
Transient Reverse Polarity Input Voltage
1.0% Duty Cycle, τ ≤ 100 ms
–VI(τ)
– 50–
Vpk
PD
RθJA
RθJC
Internally Limited
178
83
W
°C/W
°C/W
PD
RθJA
RθJC
Internally Limited
65
5.0
W
°C/W
°C/W
PD
RθJA
RθJC
Internally Limited
92
6.0
W
°C/W
°C/W
PD
RθJA
RθJC
Internally Limited
160
25
W
°C/W
°C/W
PD
RθJA
RθJC
Internally Limited
70
5.0
W
°C/W
°C/W
TJ
– 40 to +125
°C
Tstg
– 65 to +150
°C
Power Dissipation
Case 29 (TO–92 Type)
TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case
Case 221A, 314A, 314B and 314D (TO–220 Type)
TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case
Case 369 and 369A (DPAK) [Note 1]
TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case
Case 751 (SOP–8) [Note 2]
TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case
Case 936 and 936A (D2PAK) [Note 3]
TA = 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient
Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case
Tested Operating Junction Temperature Range
Storage Temperature Range
NOTES: 1. DPAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 24 for
board mounted Thermal Resistance.
2. SOP–8 Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for minimum recommended pad size. Refer
to Figure 23 for Thermal Resistance variation versus pad size.
3. D2PAK Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is for vertical mounting. Refer to Figure 25 for
board mounted Thermal Resistance.
4. ESD data available upon request.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
LM2931–5.0
Ch
Characteristic
i i
S b l
Symbol
Output Voltage
Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO ≤ 100 mA, TJ = – 40° to +125°C
VO
LM2931A–5.0
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
4.75
4.50
5.0
–
5.25
5.50
4.81
4.75
5.0
–
5.19
5.25
–
–
2.0
4.0
10
30
–
–
2.0
4.0
10
30
–
14
50
–
14
50
U i
Unit
FIXED OUTPUT
Line Regulation
Vin = 9.0 V to 16 V
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V
Regline
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA)
Regload
Output Impedance
IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 100 Hz to 10 kHz
ZO
Bias Current
Vin = 14 V, IO = 100 mA, TJ = 25°C
Vin = 6.0 V to 26 V, IO = 10 mA, TJ = – 40° to +125°C
IB
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz)
Long Term Stability
V
mV
mV
mΩ
–
200
–
–
200
–
–
–
5.8
0.4
30
1.0
–
–
5.8
0.4
30
1.0
Vn
–
700
–
–
700
–
µVrms
S
–
20
–
–
20
–
mV/kHR
mA
NOTES: 1. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
2. The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
3
LM2931 Series
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
LM2931–5.0
Ch
i i
Characteristic
LM2931A–5.0
S b l
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
U i
Unit
RR
60
90
–
60
90
–
dB
–
–
0.015
0.16
0.2
0.6
–
–
0.015
0.16
0.2
0.6
Vth(OV)
26
29.5
40
26
29.5
40
V
–VO
– 0.3
0
–
– 0.3
0
–
V
Unit
FIXED OUTPUT
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz)
Dropout Voltage
IO = 10 mA
IO = 100 mA
VI–VO
Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V)
V
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = 14 V, IO = 10 mA, CO = 100 µF, CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω, TJ = 25°C [Note 1].)
LM2931C
Characteristic
Symbol
LM2931AC
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Typ
1.14
1.08
1.20
–
1.26
1.32
1.17
1.15
1.20
–
1.23
1.25
ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT
Reference Voltage (Note 2, Figure 18)
IO = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C
IO ≤ 100 mA, TJ = – 40 to +125°C
Vref
V
Output Voltage Range
VOrange
3.0 to
24
2.7 to
29.5
–
3.0 to
24
2.7 to
29.5
–
V
Line Regulation (Vin = VO + 0.6 V to 26 V)
Regline
–
0.2
1.5
–
0.2
1.5
mV/V
Load Regulation (IO = 5.0 mA to 100 mA)
Regload
–
0.3
1.0
–
0.3
1.0
%/V
–
40
–
–
40
–
–
–
–
6.0
0.4
0.2
–
1.0
1.0
–
–
–
6.0
0.4
0.2
–
1.0
1.0
IAdj
–
0.2
–
–
0.2
–
µA
Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 100 kHz)
Vn
–
140
–
–
140
–
µVrms/V
Long–Term Stability
S
–
0.4
–
–
0.4
–
%/kHR
RR
0.10
0.003
–
0.10
0.003
–
%/V
–
–
0.015
0.16
0.2
0.6
–
–
0.015
0.16
0.2
0.6
Vth(OV)
26
29.5
40
26
29.5
40
V
–VO
– 0.3
0
–
–0.3
0
–
V
–
–
2.50
3.25
2.15
–
2.26
–
1.90
1.20
–
–
–
–
2.50
3.25
2.15
–
2.26
–
1.90
1.20
–
–
–
30
50
–
30
50
Output Impedance
IO = 10 mA, ∆IO = 1.0 mA, f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz
ZO
Bias Current
IO = 100 mA
IO = 10 mA
Output Inhibited (Vth(OI) = 2.5 V)
IB
Adjustment Pin Current
Ripple Rejection (f = 120 Hz)
Dropout Voltage
IO = 10 mA
IO = 100 mA
Over–Voltage Shutdown Threshold
Output Voltage with Reverse Polarity Input (Vin = –15 V)
Output Inhibit Threshold Voltages
Output “On”:
TJ = 25°C
TJ = – 40° to +125°C
Output “Off”:
TJ = 25°C
TJ = – 40° to +125°C
Output Inhibit Threshold Current (Vth(OI) = 2.5 V)
mΩ/V
mA
VI–VO
V
Vth(OI)
Ith(OI)
V
µA
NOTES: 1. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
2. The reference voltage on the adjustable device is measured from the output to the adjust pin across R1.
4
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
Figure 2. Dropout Voltage versus
Junction Temperature
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current
300
Vin –VO , DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
Vin –VO , DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
200
Vin = 14 V
∆Vout = 100 mV
TJ = 25°C
160
120
80
40
0
0
20
40
60
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
80
Vin = 14 V
∆Vout = 100 mV
100
IO = 50 mA
IO = 10 mA
0
100
0
75
100
125
6.0
TJ = –40°C
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
I O , OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
50
Figure 4. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
350
TJ = 25°C
250
TJ = 85°C
150
Dashed lines below Vin = 5.0 V
are for Adjustable output devices only.
0
5.0
10
15
20
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
25
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 500 Ω
TA = 25°C
–10
0
10
20
30
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
40
50
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE
(10 V/DIV)
3.0
60
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE
(5.0 V/DIV)
4.0
0
–20
0
IO = 100 mA
5.0
6.0
Figure 6. Load Dump Characteristics
VCC = 15 V
VFB1 = 5.05 V
1.0
RL = 50 Ω
1.0
Figure 5. Output Voltage versus Input Voltage
5.0
Vout = 5.0 V
TA = 25°C
5.0
0
30
6.0
VO , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
25
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 3. Peak Output Current versus Input Voltage
50
IO = 100 mA
200
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 50 Ω
CO = 100 µF
τ = 150 ms
TA = 25°C
0
0
t, TIME (50 ms/DIV)
5
LM2931 Series
Figure 8. Bias Current versus Output Current
Figure 7. Bias Current versus Input Voltage
8.0
10
Vout = 5.0 V
TJ = 25°C
IB , BIAS CURRENT (mA)
IB , BIAS CURRENT (mA)
12
8.0
RL = 50 Ω
6.0
4.0
RL = 100 Ω
2.0
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
TJ = 25°C
6.0
4.0
2.0
RL = 500 Ω
0
0
–20
–10
0
10
20
30
Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
40
50
60
20
40
60
80
100
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 9. Bias Current versus Junction Temperature
Figure 10. Output Impedance versus Frequency
2.0
8.0
IO , OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω )
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
IB , BIAS CURRENT (mA)
0
IO = 100 mA
6.0
4.0
IO = 50 mA
2.0
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
IO = 10 mA
DIO = 1.0 mA
CO = 100 µF
TJ = 25°C
1.6
1.2
0.8
CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω
Electrolytic
0.4
CO(ESR) = 0.15 Ω
Tantulum
IO = 0 mA
0
–55
0
–25
0
25
50
75
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
10
125
Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency
1.0 M
10 M
95
85
CO(ESR) = 0.15 Ω
Tantulum
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
DVin = 100 mV
RL = 500 Ω
CO = 100 µF
TJ = 25°C
75
65
CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω
Electrolytic
55
10
100
1.0 k
10 k
100 k
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
1.0 M
10 M
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
RR, RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO (dB)
1.0 k
10 k
100 k
f, FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current
95
6
100
85
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
f = 120 Hz
TJ = 25°C
75
65
0
20
40
60
IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
80
100
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Figure 13. Line Regulation
Vout = 5.0 V
RL = 500 Ω
CO = 100 µF
CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω
TA = 25°C
INPUT VOLTAGE,
V in, (V)
18.5
14
t, TIME (10 µs/DIV)
OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,
I out (mA)
∆ VO , (2.0 mV/DIV)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION,
∆ VO , (2.0 mV/DIV)
LM2931 Series
Figure 14. Load Regulation
Vin = 14 V
Vout = 5.0 V
Cin = 1000 µF
100
CO = 100 µF
CO(ESR) = 0.3 Ω
TA = 25°C
0
t, TIME (10 µs/DIV)
Figure 16. Output Inhibit–Thresholds
versus Output Voltage
Vref, REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
1.240
LM2931C Adjustable
IO = 10 mA
Vin = Vout + 1.0 V
TA = 25°C
1.220
1.200
1.180
1.160
0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12
15
18
21
24
V th(on/off) , OUTPUT INHIBIT-THRESHOLDS (V)
Figure 15. Reference Voltage versus Output Voltage
2.6
LM2931C Adjustable
IO = 10 mA
Vin = Vout + 1.0 V
TA = 25°C
2.5
Output “Off”
2.4
2.3
2.2
Output “On”
2.1
2.0
0
3.0
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
6.0
9.0
12
15
18
VO, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
21
24
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
The LM2931 series regulators are designed with many
protection features making them essentially blow–out proof.
These features include internal current limiting, thermal
shutdown, overvoltage and reverse polarity input protection,
and the capability to withstand temporary power–up with
mirror–image insertion. Typical application circuits for the
fixed and adjustable output device are shown in Figures 17
and 18.
The input bypass capacitor Cin is recommended if the
regulator is located an appreciable distance (≥ 4″) from the
supply input filter. This will reduce the circuit’s sensitivity to
the input line impedance at high frequencies.
This regulator series is not internally compensated and
thus requires an external output capacitor for stability. The
capacitance value required is dependent upon the load
current, output voltage for the adjustable regulator, and the
type of capacitor selected. The least stable condition is
encountered at maximum load current and minimum output
voltage. Figure 22 shows that for operation in the “Stable”
region, under the conditions specified, the magnitude of the
output capacitor impedance |ZO| must not exceed 0.4 Ω. This
limit must be observed over the entire operating temperature
range of the regulator circuit.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
With economical electrolytic capacitors, cold temperature
operation can pose a serious stability problem. As the
electrolyte freezes, around – 30°C, the capacitance will
decrease and the equivalent series resistance (ESR) will
increase drastically, causing the circuit to oscillate. Quality
electrolytic capacitors with extended temperature ranges of
– 40° to +85°C and – 55° to +105°C are readily available.
Solid tantalum capacitors may be a better choice if small size
is a requirement, however, the maximum ZO limit over
temperature must be observed.
Note that in the stable region, the output noise voltage is
linearly proportional to ZO. In effect, CO dictates the high
frequency roll–off point of the circuit. Operation in the area
titled “Marginally Stable” will cause the output of the regulator
to exhibit random bursts of oscillation that decay in an
under–damped fashion. Continuous oscillation occurs when
operating in the area titled “Unstable”. It is suggested that
oven testing of the entire circuit be performed with maximum
load, minimum input voltage, and minimum ambient
temperature.
7
LM2931 Series
Figure 17. Fixed Output Regulator
Figure 18. Adjustable Output Regulator
Input
LM2931–5.0
Fixed
Output
Input
Vin
Cin
0.1
Output
Vout
51 k
Cin
0.1
CO
Gnd
IB
Vin
2
Output
Inhibit
Output
LM2931C
Adjustable
Output
Vout
R1
Adjust
CO
1
IAdj
Gnd
IB
ǒ Ǔ
R2
Switch Position 1 = Output “On”, 2 = Output “Off”
V out
Figure 19. (5.0 A) Low Differential
Voltage Regulator
22.5 k
w R R1)R2R
1
R
R
5.0 V @ 5.0 A
Output
LM2931–5.0
LM2931–5.0
+
+
100
Output
+
100
2.0 k
100
8.2 k
CM
#345
+
100
33 k
6.2 V
0
fosc = 2.2 Hz
8
Figure 22. Output Noise Voltage versus
Output Capacitor Impedance
Vn , OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (mVrms)
+
100
The circuit of Figure 19 can be modified to provide supply protection against
short circuits by adding the current sense resistor RSC and an additional PNP
transistor. The current sensing PNP must be capable of handling the short
circuit current of the LM2931. Safe operating area of both transistors must be
considered under worst case conditions.
Figure 21. Constant Intensity Lamp Flasher
LM2931C
+
100
The LM2931 series can be current boosted with a PNP transistor. The
D45VH7, on a heatsink, will provide an output current of 5.0 A with an input
to output voltage differential of approximately 1.0 V. Resistor R in
conjunction with the VBE of the PNP determines when the pass transistor
begins conducting. This circuit is not short circuit proof.
Input
6.4 V to 30 V
2
RSC
Input
68
1
Figure 20. Current Boost Regulator with
Short Circuit Projection
D45VH7
Input
≥ 6.0 V
+ Vref 1 ) RR2 ) IAdj R2
100
10
1.0
Vin = 5.6 V
Vout = 5.0 V
IO = 100 mA
Vnrms 10 Hz to 10 MHz
|ZO| @ 40 kHz
TA = 25°C
Unstable
Marginally
Stable
0.1
0.01
10
Stable
100
1.0 k
|ZO|, MAGNITUDE OF CAPACITOR IMPEDANCE (mΩ)
10 k
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
JUNCTION–TO–AIR (°C/W)
R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE
170
3.2
150
2.8
PD(max) for TA = 50°C
2.4
130
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ
110
2.0
Graph represents symmetrical layout
90
70
L
50
1.6
2.0 oz.
Copper
L
1.2
3.0 mm
0.8
RθJA
30
0
10
0.4
20
30
40
PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Figure 23. SOP–8 Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
50
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
JUNCTION–TO–AIR (°C/W)
R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE
100
2.4
PD(max) for TA = 50°C
Free Air
Mounted
Vertically
90
2.0
1.6
L
1.2
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
80
Minimum
Size Pad
70
2.0 oz. Copper
L
60
0.8
0.4
50
RθJA
0
40
0
5.0
10
15
20
25
PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Figure 24. DPAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
30
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
JUNCTION–TO–AIR (°C/W)
R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE
80
3.5
PD(max) for TA = 50°C
70
3.0
Free Air
Mounted
Vertically
60
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
ÎÎÎÎ
2.0 oz. Copper
L
Minimum
Size Pad
50
L
40
RθJA
30
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0
5.0
10
15
20
25
PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W)
Figure 25. 3–Pin and 5–Pin D2PAK
Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power
Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length
30
L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm)
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
9
LM2931 Series
DEFINITIONS
Dropout Voltage – The input/output voltage differential at
which the regulator output no longer maintains regulation
against further reductions in input voltage. Measured when
the output decreases 100 mV from nominal value at 14 V
input, dropout voltage is affected by junction temperature and
load current.
Line Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in the input voltage. The measurement is made under
conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques
such that the average chip temperature is not significantly
affected.
Load Regulation – The change in output voltage for a
change in load current at constant chip temperature.
10
Maximum Power Dissipation – The maximum total
device dissipation for which the regulator will operate within
specifications.
Bias Current – That part of the input current that is not
delivered to the load.
Output Noise Voltage – The rms AC voltage at the
output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over
a specified frequency range.
Long–Term Stabliity – Output voltage stability under
accelerated life test conditions with the maximum rated
voltage listed in the devices electrical characteristics and
maximum power dissipation.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Z SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 29–04
(TO–92 Type)
ISSUE AD
A
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R
IS UNCONTROLLED.
4. DIMENSION F APPLIES BETWEEN P AND L.
DIMENSION D AND J APPLY BETWEEN L AND K
MINIMUM. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED
IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM.
B
R
P
L
F
SEATING
PLANE
X
K
X
D
G
H
J
V
C
SECTION X–X
N
1
N
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
P
R
V
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.175 0.205
0.170 0.210
0.125 0.165
0.016 0.022
0.016 0.019
0.045 0.055
0.095 0.105
0.015 0.020
–
0.500
–
0.250
0.080 0.105
0.100
–
–
0.115
–
0.135
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
5.20
4.45
5.33
4.32
4.19
3.18
0.55
0.41
0.48
0.41
1.39
1.15
2.66
2.42
0.50
0.39
–
12.70
–
6.35
2.66
2.04
2.54
–
–
2.93
–
3.43
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 221A–06
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE Y
–T–
F
B
SEATING
PLANE
C
T
S
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIM Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND
LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED.
4
A
Q
1 2 3
U
H
K
Z
L
R
V
J
G
D
N
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
R
S
T
U
V
Z
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.570 0.620
0.380 0.405
0.160 0.190
0.025 0.035
0.142 0.147
0.095 0.105
0.110 0.155
0.018 0.025
0.500 0.562
0.045 0.060
0.190 0.210
0.100 0.120
0.080 0.110
0.045 0.055
0.235 0.255
0.000 0.050
–
0.045
0.080
–
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
14.48 15.75
9.66 10.28
4.82
4.07
0.88
0.64
3.73
3.61
2.66
2.42
3.93
2.80
0.64
0.46
12.70 14.27
1.52
1.15
5.33
4.83
3.04
2.54
2.79
2.04
1.39
1.15
6.47
5.97
1.27
0.00
–
1.15
2.04
–
11
LM2931 Series
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
TH SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314A–03
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE D
–T–
–P–
B
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.
SEATING
PLANE
C
Q
E
OPTIONAL
CHAMFER
A
U
F
L
K
1 2 3 4 5
G
J 5 PL
S
D 5 PL
0.014 (0.356) M T P
M
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
J
K
L
Q
S
U
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.572
0.613
0.390
0.415
0.170
0.180
0.025
0.038
0.048
0.055
0.570
0.585
0.067 BSC
0.015
0.025
0.730
0.745
0.320
0.365
0.140
0.153
0.210
0.260
0.468
0.505
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
14.529 15.570
9.906 10.541
4.318
4.572
0.635
0.965
1.219
1.397
14.478 14.859
1.702 BSC
0.381
0.635
18.542 18.923
8.128
9.271
3.556
3.886
5.334
6.604
11.888 12.827
TV SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314B–05
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE J
Q
E
A
U
K
F
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERCONNECT BAR
(DAMBAR) PROTRUSION. DIMENSION D INCLUDING
PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.043 (1.092) MAXIMUM.
C
B
–P–
S
L
W
V
1 2 3 4 5
G
0.24 (0.610)
J 5 PL
M T
H
D 5 PL
0.10 (0.254)
M
T P
M
N
–T–
12
SEATING
PLANE
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
N
Q
S
U
V
W
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.572
0.613
0.390
0.415
0.170
0.180
0.025
0.038
0.048
0.055
0.850
0.935
0.067 BSC
0.166 BSC
0.015
0.025
0.900
1.100
0.320
0.365
0.320 BSC
0.140
0.153
–
0.620
0.468
0.505
–
0.735
0.090
0.110
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
14.529
15.570
9.906
10.541
4.318
4.572
0.635
0.965
1.219
1.397
21.590
23.749
1.702 BSC
4.216 BSC
0.381
0.635
22.860
27.940
8.128
9.271
8.128 BSC
3.556
3.886
–
15.748
11.888
12.827
–
18.669
2.286
2.794
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 314D–03
(TO–220 Type)
ISSUE D
–T–
SEATING
PLANE
C
–Q–
B
E
U
A
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
G
H
J
K
L
Q
U
S
L
1 2 3 4 5
K
S
J
H
G
D 5 PL
0.356 (0.014)
T Q
M
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE
INTERCONNECT BAR (DAMBAR) PROTRUSION.
DIMENSION D INCLUDING PROTRUSION SHALL
NOT EXCEED 10.92 (0.043) MAXIMUM.
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.572 0.613
0.390 0.415
0.170 0.180
0.025 0.038
0.048 0.055
0.067 BSC
0.087 0.112
0.015 0.025
1.020 1.065
0.320 0.365
0.140 0.153
0.105 0.117
0.543 0.582
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
14.529 15.570
9.906 10.541
4.572
4.318
0.965
0.635
1.397
1.219
1.702 BSC
2.845
2.210
0.635
0.381
25.908 27.051
9.271
8.128
3.886
3.556
2.972
2.667
13.792 14.783
M
DT–1 SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369–07
(DPAK)
ISSUE L
C
B
V
E
R
4
A
1
2
3
S
–T–
K
SEATING
PLANE
J
F
H
D
G
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
R
S
V
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.235
0.250
0.250
0.265
0.086
0.094
0.027
0.035
0.033
0.040
0.037
0.047
0.090 BSC
0.034
0.040
0.018
0.023
0.350
0.380
0.175
0.215
0.050
0.090
0.030
0.050
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
5.97
6.35
6.35
6.73
2.19
2.38
0.69
0.88
0.84
1.01
0.94
1.19
2.29 BSC
0.87
1.01
0.46
0.58
8.89
9.65
4.45
5.46
1.27
2.28
0.77
1.27
3 PL
0.13 (0.005)
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
M
T
13
LM2931 Series
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
DT SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 369A–13
(DPAK)
ISSUE Y
–T–
C
B
V
SEATING
PLANE
E
R
4
Z
A
S
1
2
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
R
S
U
V
Z
3
U
K
F
J
L
H
D
G
2 PL
0.13 (0.005)
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.235
0.250
0.250
0.265
0.086
0.094
0.027
0.035
0.033
0.040
0.037
0.047
0.180 BSC
0.034
0.040
0.018
0.023
0.102
0.114
0.090 BSC
0.175
0.215
0.020
0.050
0.020
–––
0.030
0.050
0.138
–––
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
5.97
6.35
6.35
6.73
2.19
2.38
0.69
0.88
0.84
1.01
0.94
1.19
4.58 BSC
0.87
1.01
0.46
0.58
2.60
2.89
2.29 BSC
4.45
5.46
0.51
1.27
0.51
–––
0.77
1.27
3.51
–––
T
M
D SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 751–05
(SOP–8)
ISSUE S
D
A
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M, 1994.
2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS.
3. DIMENSION D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION.
4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE.
5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 TOTAL IN EXCESS
OF THE B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL
CONDITION.
C
8
5
0.25
H
E
M
B
M
1
4
h
B
e
X 45 _
q
A
C
SEATING
PLANE
L
0.10
A1
B
0.25
14
M
C B
S
A
S
DIM
A
A1
B
C
D
E
e
H
h
L
q
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
1.35
1.75
0.10
0.25
0.35
0.49
0.18
0.25
4.80
5.00
3.80
4.00
1.27 BSC
5.80
6.20
0.25
0.50
0.40
1.25
0_
7_
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
LM2931 Series
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936–03
(D2PAK)
ISSUE B
TERMINAL 4
–T–
A
U
E
S
K
V
B
NOTES:
1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS
A AND K.
4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4.
5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED
0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
H
F
1
2
3
M
J
L
P
D
0.010 (0.254) M
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
R
S
U
V
N
T
R
G
C
D2T SUFFIX
PLASTIC PACKAGE
CASE 936A–02
(D2PAK)
ISSUE A
A
U
E
S
K
V
B
H
1
2
3
4
L
P
N
D
0.010 (0.254) M
6 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
7 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
8 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS
A AND K.
9 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM
MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 6.
10 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH
AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED
0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM.
5
M
R
T
G
C
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
9.804 10.236
9.042
9.347
4.318
4.572
0.660
0.914
1.143
1.397
1.295 REF
2.540 BSC
13.691 14.707
3.175 MAX
1.270 REF
0.000
0.254
2.235
2.591
0.457
0.660
1.473
1.981
5 _ REF
2.946 REF
5.080 MIN
6.350 MIN
NOTES:
TERMINAL 6
–T–
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.386
0.403
0.356
0.368
0.170
0.180
0.026
0.036
0.045
0.055
0.051 REF
0.100 BSC
0.539
0.579
0.125 MAX
0.050 REF
0.000
0.010
0.088
0.102
0.018
0.026
0.058
0.078
5 _ REF
0.116 REF
0.200 MIN
0.250 MIN
DIM
A
B
C
D
E
G
H
K
L
M
N
P
R
S
U
V
INCHES
MIN
MAX
0.386
0.403
0.356
0.368
0.170
0.180
0.026
0.036
0.045
0.055
0.067 BSC
0.539
0.579
0.050 REF
0.000
0.010
0.088
0.102
0.018
0.026
0.058
0.078
5 _ REF
0.116 REF
0.200 MIN
0.250 MIN
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
9.804 10.236
9.042
9.347
4.318
4.572
0.660
0.914
1.143
1.397
1.702 BSC
13.691 14.707
1.270 REF
0.000
0.254
2.235
2.591
0.457
0.660
1.473
1.981
5 _ REF
2.946 REF
5.080 MIN
6.350 MIN
15
LM2931 Series
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding
the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and
specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola
data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”
must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of
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applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury
or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees
arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that
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16
◊
LM2931/D
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE
DATA