LP2950, LP2951 100 mA, 3.0 V, Low Power Low Dropout Voltage Regulator The LP2950 and LP2951 are micropower voltage regulators that are specifically designed to maintain proper regulation with an extremely low input–to–output voltage differential. These devices feature a very low quiescent bias current of 75 µA and are capable of supplying output currents in excess of 100 mA. Internal current and thermal limiting protection is provided. The LP2951 has three additional features. The first is the Error Output that can be used to signal external circuitry of an out of regulation condition, or as a microprocessor power–on reset. The second feature allows the output voltage to be preset to 5.0 V, 3.3 V or 3.0 V output (depending on the version) or programmed from 1.25 V to 29 V. It consists of a pinned out resistor divider along with direct access to the Error Amplifier feedback input. The third feature is a Shutdown input that allows a logic level signal to turn–off or turn–on the regulator output. Due to the low input–to–output voltage differential and bias current specifications, these devices are ideally suited for battery powered computer, consumer, and industrial equipment where an extension of useful battery life is desirable. The LP2950 is available in the three pin case 29 and DPAK packages, and the LP2951 is available in the eight pin dual–in–line, SO–8 and Micro–8 surface mount packages. The ‘A’ suffix devices feature an initial output voltage tolerance ±0.5%. LP2950 and LP2951 Features: • Low Quiescent Bias Current of 75 µA • Low Input–to–Output Voltage Differential of 50 mV at 100 µA and • • • • 380 mV at 100 mA 5.0 V, 3.3 V or 3.0 V ±0.5% Allows Use as a Regulator or Reference Extremely Tight Line and Load Regulation Requires Only a 1.0 µF Output Capacitor for Stability Internal Current and Thermal Limiting http://onsemi.com TO–92 Z SUFFIX CASE 29 1 2 Pin: 1. Output 2. Ground 3. Input 3 DPAK DT SUFFIX CASE 369A 1 3 PIN CONNECTIONS 1 2 Pin: 1. Input 2. Ground 3. Output 3 (Top View) Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2. SO–8 D SUFFIX CASE 751 8 1 PDIP–8 N SUFFIX CASE 626 8 1 Micro–8 DM SUFFIX CASE 846A LP2951 Additional Features: • Error Output Signals an Out of Regulation Condition • Output Programmable from 1.25 V to 29 V • Logic Level Shutdown Input 8 1 PIN CONNECTIONS (See Following Page for Device Information.) Output 1 8 Input Sense 2 7 Feedback Shutdown 3 6 VO Tap Gnd 4 5 Error Output (Top View) ORDERING INFORMATION See detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on pages 13 and 14 of this data sheet. Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2002 January, 2002 – Rev. 8 1 Publication Order Number: LP2950/D LP2950, LP2951 DEVICE INFORMATION Output Voltage Package 3.0V 3.3V 5.0V Adjustable Operating Junction Temperature Range TO–92 Suffix Z LP2950CZ–3.0 LP2950ACZ–3.0 LP2950CZ–3.3 LP2950ACZ–3.3 LP2950CZ–5.0 LP2950ACZ–5.0 Not Available TJ = –40° to +125°C DPAK Suffix DT LP2950CDT–3.0 LP2950ACDT–3.0 LP2950CDT–3.3 LP2950ACDT–3.3 LP2950CDT–5.0 LP2950ACDT–5.0 Not Available TJ = –40° to +125°C SO–8 Suffix D LP2951CD–3.0 LP2951ACD–3.0 LP2951CD–3.3 LP2951ACD–3.3 LP2951CD LP2951ACD LP2951CD LP2951ACD TJ = –40° to +125°C Micro–8 Suffix DM LP2951CDM–3.0 LP2951ACDM–3.0 LP2951CDM–3.3 LP2951ACDM–3.3 LP2951CDM LP2951ACDM LP2951CDM LP2951ACDM TJ = –40° to +125°C DIP–8 Suffix N LP2951CN–3.0 LP2951ACN–3.0 LP2951CN–3.3 LP2951ACN–3.3 LP2951CN LP2951ACN LP2951CN LP2951ACN TJ = –40° to +125°C LP2950Cx–xx / LP2951Cxx–xx LP2950ACx–xx / LP2951ACxx–xx 1% Output Voltage Precision at TJ = 25°C 0.5% Output Voltage Precision at TJ = 25°C Input Output 3 Battery or Unregulated DC 182 k Error Amplifier 1.23 V Reference Gnd Input Battery or Unregulated DC 8 60 k LP2950CZ–5.0 2 Output 1 5.0 V/100 mA 1.0 µF 1 Sense 5.0 V/100 mA 2 182 k 60 k 1.0 µF VO Tap 6 7 From 3 CMOS/TTL Feedback Error Amplifier Shutdown 60 k 50 k 75 mV/ 60 mV Error Detection Comparator 1.23 V Reference Gnd 330 k 4 Error Output 5 To CMOS/TTL LP2951CD or CN This device contains 34 active transistors. Figure 1. Representative Block Diagrams http://onsemi.com 2 LP2950, LP2951 MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted.) ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ Symbol Value Unit VCC 30 Vdc PD Internally Limited W RθJA RθJC 180 45 °C/W °C/W RθJA RθJC 92 6.0 °C/W °C/W RθJA RθJC 160 83 °C/W °C/W RθJA 105 °C/W RθJA 240 °C/W Vfb –1.5 to +30 Vdc Shutdown Input Voltage Vsd –0.3 to +30 Vdc Error Comparator Output Voltage Verr –0.3 to +30 Vdc Operating Junction Temperature TJ –40 to +125 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg –65 to +150 °C Rating Input Voltage Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics Maximum Power Dissipation Case 751(SO–8) D Suffix Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case Case 369A (DPAK) DT Suffix (Note 1) Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case Case 29 (TO–226AA/TO–92) Z Suffix Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case Case 626 N Suffix Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient Case 846A (Micro–8) DM Suffix Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ ÁÁÁ Feedback Input Voltage ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Vin = VO + 1.0 V, IO = 100 µA, CO = 1.0 µF, TJ = 25°C [Note 3], unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Symbol Output Voltage, 5.0 V Versions Vin = 6.0 V, IO = 100 µA, TJ = 25°C LP2950C–5.0/LP2951C LP2950AC–5.0/LP2951AC TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–5.0/LP2951C LP2950AC–5.0/LP2951AC Vin = 6.0 to 30 V, IO = 100 µA to 100 mA, TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–5.0/LP2951C LP2950AC–5.0/LP2951AC VO Output Voltage, 3.3 V Versions Vin = 4.3 V, IO = 100 µA, TJ = 25°C LP2950C–3.3/LP2951C–3.3 LP2950AC–3.3/LP2951AC–3.3 TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–3.3/LP2951C–3.3 LP2950AC–3.3/LP2951AC–3.3 Vin = 4.3 to 30 V, IO = 100 µA to 100 mA, TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–3.3/LP2951C–3.3 LP2950AC–3.3/LP2951AC–3.3 VO Min Typ 3 Unit V 4.950 4.975 5.000 5.000 5.050 5.025 4.900 4.940 – – 5.100 5.060 4.880 4.925 – – 5.120 5.075 V 3.267 3.284 3.300 3.300 3.333 3.317 3.234 3.260 – – 3.366 3.340 3.221 3.254 – – 3.379 3.346 Output Voltage, 3.0 V Versions VO Vin = 4.0 V, IO = 100 µA, TJ = 25°C LP2950C–3.0/LP2951C–3.0 2.970 3.000 LP2950AC–3.0/LP2951AC–3.0 2.985 3.000 TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–3.0/LP2951C–3.0 2.940 – LP2950AC–3.0/LP2951AC–3.0 2.964 – Vin = 4.0 to 30 V, IO = 100 µA to 100 mA, TJ = –40 to +125°C LP2950C–3.0/LP2951C–3.0 2.928 – LP2950AC–3.0/LP2951AC–3.0 2.958 – 1. The Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is determined by PC board copper area per Figure 27. 2. ESD data available upon request. 3. Low duty pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible. 4. VO(nom) is the part number voltage option. 5. Noise tests on the LP2951 are made with a 0.01 µF capacitor connected across Pins 7 and 1. http://onsemi.com Max V 3.030 3.015 3.060 3.036 3.072 3.042 LP2950, LP2951 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (Vin = VO + 1.0 V, IO = 100 µA, CO = 1.0 µF, TJ = 25°C [Note 8], unless otherwise noted.) Symbol Characteristic Min Typ Max – – 0.08 0.04 0.20 0.10 – – 0.13 0.05 0.20 0.10 – – 30 350 80 450 – – 93 4.0 120 12 µA mA ICCdropout – 110 170 µA ILimit – 220 300 mA Regthermal – 0.05 0.20 %/W – – 126 56 – – 1.210 1.220 1.235 1.235 1.260 1.250 1.200 1.200 – – 1.270 1.260 Line Regulation (Vin = VO(nom) +1.0 V to 30 V) (Note 9) LP2950C–XX/LP2951C/LP2951C–XX LP2950AC–XX/LP2951AC/LP2951AC–XX Regline Load Regulation (IO = 100 µA to 100 mA) LP2950C–XX/LP2951C/LP2951C–XX LP2950AC–XX/LP2951AC/LP2951AC–XX Regload Dropout Voltage IO = 100 µA IO = 100 mA VI – VO Supply Bias Current IO = 100 µA IO = 100 mA % % mV ICC Dropout Supply Bias Current (Vin = VO(nom) – 0.5 V, IO = 100 µA) (Note 9) Current Limit (VO Shorted to Ground) Thermal Regulation Output Noise Voltage (10 Hz to 100 kHz) (Note 10) CL = 1.0 µF CL = 100 µF Unit µVrms Vn LP2951A/LP2951AC ONLY Reference Voltage (TJ = 25°C) LP2951C/LP2951C–XX LP2951AC/LP2951AC–XX Vref Reference Voltage (TJ = –40 to +125°C) LP2951C/LP2951C–XX LP2951AC/LP2951AC–XX Vref Reference Voltage (TJ = –40 to +125°C) IO = 100 µA to 100 mA, Vin = 23 to 30 V LP2951C/LP2951C–XX LP2951AC/LP2951AC–XX Vref Feedback Pin Bias Current V V V 1.185 1.190 – – 1.285 1.270 IFB – 15 40 Output Leakage Current (VOH = 30 V) Ilkg – 0.01 1.0 µA Output Low Voltage (Vin = 4.5 V, IOL = 400 µA) VOL – 150 250 mV Upper Threshold Voltage (Vin = 6.0 V) Vthu 40 45 – mV Lower Threshold Voltage (Vin = 6.0 V) Vthl – 60 95 mV Hysteresis (Vin = 6.0 V) Vhy – 15 – mV 0 2.0 – – 0.7 30 – – 35 450 50 600 – 3.0 10 nA ERROR COMPARATOR SHUTDOWN INPUT Input Logic Voltage Logic “0” (Regulator “On”) Logic “1” (Regulator “Off”) Vshtdn Shutdown Pin Input Current Vshtdn = 2.4 V Vshtdn = 30 V Ishtdn Regulator Output Current in Shutdown Mode (Vin = 30 V, Vshtdn = 2.0 V, VO = 0, Pin 6 Connected to Pin 7) Ioff V µA 6. The Junction–to–Ambient Thermal Resistance is determined by PC board copper area per Figure 27. 7. ESD data available upon request. 8. Low duty pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible. 9. VO(nom) is the part number voltage option. 10. Noise tests on the LP2951 are made with a 0.01 µF capacitor connected across Pins 7 and 1. http://onsemi.com 4 µA LP2950, LP2951 DEFINITIONS Output Noise Voltage – The rms ac voltage at the output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over a specified frequency range. Leakage Current – Current drawn through a bipolar transistor collector–base junction, under a specified collector voltage, when the transistor is “off”. Upper Threshold Voltage – Voltage applied to the comparator input terminal, below the reference voltage which is applied to the other comparator input terminal, which causes the comparator output to change state from a logic “0” to “1”. Lower Threshold Voltage – Voltage applied to the comparator input terminal, below the reference voltage which is applied to the other comparator input terminal, which causes the comparator output to change state from a logic “1” to “0”. Hysteresis – The difference between Lower Threshold voltage and Upper Threshold voltage. Dropout Voltage – The input/output voltage differential at which the regulator output no longer maintains regulation against further reductions in input voltage. Measured when the output drops 100 mV below its nominal value (which is measured at 1.0 V differential), dropout voltage is affected by junction temperature, load current and minimum input supply requirements. Line Regulation – The change in output voltage for a change in input voltage. The measurement is made under conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques such that average chip temperature is not significantly affected. Load Regulation – The change in output voltage for a change in load current at constant chip temperature. Maximum Power Dissipation – The maximum total device dissipation for which the regulator will operate within specifications. Bias Current – Current which is used to operate the regulator chip and is not delivered to the load. 6.0 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 3.0 RL = 50 Ω 2.0 1.0 1.0 0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 IL, LOAD CURRENT (mA) Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 2. Quiescent Current Figure 3. Dropout Characteristics 6.0 5.00 Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 200 0.1 mA Load Current 150 100 No Load 50 0 RL = 50 k 4.0 0 100 250 BIAS CURRENT (µ A) LP2951C TA = 25°C 5.0 Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) LP2950/LP2951 BIAS CURRENT (mA) 10 0 5.0 10 15 20 4.99 4.98 4.97 4.96 LP2951C 4.95 -50 25 0 50 100 150 Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TA, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 4. Input Current Figure 5. Output Voltage versus Temperature http://onsemi.com 5 200 TA = 25°C 250 200 150 100 50 0 0.1 1.0 10 55 500 50 450 40 400 350 0 IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Vin , INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Vin Decreasing Vin Increasing 2.0 1.0 4.74 4.78 4.82 4.86 2.0 7.0 0 Vout -2.0 6.5 TA = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF IL = 1.0 mA VO = 5.0 V 6.0 0 100 200 300 -4.0 400 500 600 700 Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) t, TIME (µs) Figure 8. Error Comparator Output Figure 9. Line Transient Response 7.0 CL = 1.0 µF Vout = 5.0 V IL = 400 A to 75 mA TA = 25°C 150 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 Shutdown Input 0 400 TA = 25°C IL = 10 mA Vin = 8.0 V Vout = 5.0 V 200 Vout 100 CL = 10 µF 3.0 -6.0 800 200 CL = 1.0 µF 6.0 -1.0 -100 4.0 Vin 7.5 5.5 4.90 LOAD CURRENT (mA) Vout , OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) SHUTDOWN AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 8.0 LP2951C RL = 330 k TA = 25°C 3.0 30 150 100 Figure 7. Dropout Voltage versus Temperature 5.0 0 4.70 50 T, TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 6. Dropout Voltage versus Output Current 4.0 35 RL = 50 k 300 -50 100 45 RL = 50 OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) 300 550 0 50 -200 ILoad 0 -400 0 100 200 300 400 -50 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 t, TIME (µs) t, TIME (ms) Figure 10. LP2951 Enable Transient Figure 11. Load Transient Response http://onsemi.com 6 4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 350 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) R L= 50 400 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) R L= 50 k LP2950, LP2951 LP2950, LP2951 4.0 VOLTAGE NOISE (µ V/√ Hz) 60 IL= 0.1 mA 40 20 0 1.0 TA = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF Vin = 6.0 V Vout = 5.0 V 10 1.0 k 100 10 k CL = 1.0 µF 3.0 2.0 CL = 100 µF 1.0 0 100 100 k 1.0 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 k 100 k f, FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 12. Ripple Rejection Figure 13. Output Noise 1.8 100 Vout , OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) IL= 100 mA TA = 25°C VO = 5.0 V LP2951C 1.6 1.4 Output Off" 1.2 Output On" 1.0 0.8 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 TA = 25°C 80 0 40 -2.0 20 -4.0 LP2951CN 0 5.0 10 15 20 25 30 t, TEMPERATURE (°C) Vin, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 14. Shutdown Threshold Voltage versus Temperature Figure 15. Maximum Rated Output Current http://onsemi.com 7 2.0 TA = 75°C 60 0 160 4.0 35 -6.0 40 OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 80 LP2950, LP2951 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Introduction to the LP2951 is ramped up and down. The ERROR signal becomes valid (low) at about 1.3 V input. It goes high when the input reaches about 5.0 V (Vout exceeds about 4.75 V). Since the LP2951’s dropout voltage is dependent upon the load current (refer to the curve in the Typical Performance Characteristics), the input voltage trip point will vary with load current. The output voltage trip point does not vary with load. The error comparator output is an open collector which requires an external pull–up resistor. This resistor may be returned to the output or some other voltage within the system. The resistance value should be chosen to be consistent with the 400 µA sink capability of the error comparator. A value between 100 k and 1.0 MΩ is suggested. No pull–up resistance is required if this output is unused. When operated in the shutdown mode, the error comparator output will go high if it has been pulled up to an external supply. To avoid this invalid response, the error comparator output should be pulled up to Vout (see Figure 16). The LP2950/LP2951 regulators are designed with internal current limiting and thermal shutdown making them user–friendly. Typical application circuits for the LP2950 and LP2951 are shown in Figures 18 through 26. These regulators are not internally compensated and thus require a 1.0 µF (or greater) capacitance between the LP2950/LP2951 output terminal and ground for stability. Most types of aluminum, tantalum or multilayer ceramic will perform adequately. Solid tantalums or appropriate multilayer ceramic capacitors are recommended for operation below 25°C. At lower values of output current, less output capacitance is required for output stability. The capacitor can be reduced to 0.33 µF for currents less than 10 mA, or 0.1 µF for currents below 1.0 mA. Using the 8–pin versions at voltages less than 5.0 V operates the error amplifier at lower values of gain, so that more output capacitance is needed for stability. For the worst case operating condition of a 100 mA load at 1.23 V output (Output Pin 1 connected to the feedback Pin 7) a minimum capacitance of 3.3 µF is recommended. The LP2950 will remain stable and in regulation when operated with no output load. When setting the output voltage of the LP2951 with external resistors, the resistance values should be chosen to draw a minimum of 1.0 µA. A bypass capacitor is recommended across the LP2950/LP2951 input to ground if more than 4 inches of wire connects the input to either a battery or power supply filter capacitor. Input capacitance at the LP2951 Feedback Pin 7 can create a pole, causing instability if high value external resistors are used to set the output voltage. Adding a 100 pF capacitor between the Output Pin 1 and the Feedback Pin 7 and increasing the output filter capacitor to at least 3.3 µF will stabilize the feedback loop. 5.0 V 4.75 V Output Voltage ERROR Not Valid Not Valid 4.75 V + Vdropout Input Voltage 4.70 V 1.3 V Pull-Up to Ext Pull-Up to Vout 4.70 V + Vdropout 1.3 V Error Detection Comparator The comparator switches to a positive logic low whenever the LP2951 output voltage falls more than approximately 5.0% out of regulation. This value is the comparator’s designed–in offset voltage of 60 mV divided by the 1.235 V internal reference. As shown in the representative block diagram. This trip level remains 5.0% below normal regardless of the value of regulated output voltage. For example, the error flag trip level is 4.75 V for a normal 5.0 V regulated output, or 9.50 V for a 10 V output voltage. Figure 2 is a timing diagram which shows the ERROR signal and the regulated output voltage as the input voltage Figure 16. ERROR Output Timing Programming the Output Voltage (LP2951) The LP2951CX may be pin–strapped for the nominal fixed output voltage using its internal voltage divider by tying Pin 1 (output) to Pin 2 (sense) and Pin 7 (feedback) to Pin 6 (5.0 V tap). Alternatively, it may be programmed for any output voltage between its 1.235 reference voltage and its 30 V maximum rating. An external pair of resistors is required, as shown in Figure 17. http://onsemi.com 8 LP2950, LP2951 Vin 100 k Error Output 5 8 Vin Error Vout SNS Shutdown Input 3 1 2 Gnd 4 FB Vout 1.23 to 30 V NC 6 NC VO T SD for reducing noise on the 3 lead LP2950. However, increasing the capacitor from 1.0 µF to 220 µF only decreases the noise from 430 µV to 160 µVrms for a 100 kHz bandwidth at the 5.0 V output. Noise can be reduced fourfold by a bypass capacitor across R1, since it reduces the high frequency gain from 4 to unity. Pick R1 0.01 µF C 3.3 µF Bypass 1 2R1 x 200 Hz or about 0.01 µF. When doing this, the output capacitor must be increased to 3.3 µF to maintain stability. These changes reduce the output noise from 430 µV to 126 µVrms for a 100 kHz bandwidth at 5.0 V output. With bypass capacitor added, noise no longer scales with output voltage so that improvements are more dramatic at higher output voltages. 7 R2 Figure 17. Adjustable Regulator Unregulated Input The complete equation for the output voltage is: V V (1 R1R2) I R1 out ref 1.0 µF FB where Vref is the nominal 1.235 V reference voltage and IFB is the feedback pin bias current, nominally –20 nA. The minimum recommended load current of 1.0 µA forces an upper limit of 1.2 MΩ on the value of R2, if the regulator must work with no load. IFB will produce a 2% typical error in Vout which may be eliminated at room temperature by adjusting R1. For better accuracy, choosing R2 = 100 k reduces this error to 0.17% while increasing the resistor program current to 12 µA. Since the LP2951 typically draws 75 µA at no load with Pin 2 open circuited, the extra 12 µA of current drawn is often a worthwhile tradeoff for eliminating the need to set output voltage in test. Error Output Shutdown Input MTB23P06E 10 k 5 Error 3 0.01 µF 8 Vin Vout 5.0 V ±1.0% 0 to 1.0 A Vout SNS LP2951CN SD Gnd 4 VO T FB 7 1 2 6 220 µF 0.002 µF 1.0 M 2.0 k Output Noise In many applications it is desirable to reduce the noise present at the output. Reducing the regulator bandwidth by increasing the size of the output capacitor is the only method Figure 18. 1.0 A Regulator with 1.2 V Dropout http://onsemi.com 9 LP2950, LP2951 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS +V = 2.0 to 30 V IL 8 NC 5 Error Vin Vout 1N4001 1 2 NC SNS 0.1 µF LP2951CN 3 6 NC SD VO T Gnd 4 FB 330 pF 2.2 µF 7 Error Output 4.2 V ±0.025 V 2.0 M 1.0% 806 k 1.0% Shutdown Input IL = 1.23/R Load Unregulated Input 6.0 to 10 Vdc 5 Error 8 Vin 0.1 µF Vout 1 2 SNS LP2951CN 3 6 SD VO T Gnd 4 Lithium Ion Rechargeable Cell FB 50 k 7 1.0 µF R Gnd Figure 19. Lithium Ion Battery Cell Charger Figure 20. Low Drift Current Sink +Vin +Vin 470 k 2N3906 5 470 k Reset Normally Closed Error 8 Vin Vout SNS LP2951CN 3 SD Gnd 4 CMOS Gate *Sleep Input VO T FB 1 2 Vout NC 6 NC Error Output R1 1.0 µF 7 8 Vin 47 k 5 Error 470 k Vout SNS LP2951CN Shutdown Input 3 SD Gnd 4 R2 Error flag occurs when Vin is too low to maintain Vout, or if Vout is reduced by excessive load current. VO T FB 2 Vout 2N3906 1 NC 200 k 6 NC 3.3 µF 100 k 100 pF 7 100 k Figure 21. Latch Off When Error Flag Occurs Figure 22. 5.0 V Regulator with 2.5 V Sleep Function http://onsemi.com 10 LP2950, LP2951 +Vin 5 NC Error 8 Vin Vout 2 SNS LP2951CN #1 3 6 SD VO T Gnd 4 FB D2 1 D1 Memory V+ 1.0 µF 20 3.6 V NiCad 7 27 k Early Warning D3 All diodes are 1N4148. Reset Q1 2.7 M D4 VDD 2N3906 330 k 5 Error 8 Vin Main output latches off at lower input voltages. Battery backup on auxiliary output. Vout 1 FB Operation: Regulator #1’s Vout is programmed one diode drop above 5.0 V. Its error flag becomes active when Vin < 5.7 V. When Vin drops below 5.3 V, the error flag of regulator #2 becomes active and via Q1 latches the main output “off”. When Vin again exceeds 5.7 V, regulator #1 is back in regulation and the early warning signal rises, unlatching regulator #2 via D3. Main Output 2 SNS LP2951CN 3 #2 6 SD VO T Gnd 4 Early Warning flag on low input voltage. µP 1.0 µF 7 Figure 23. Regulator with Early Warning and Auxiliary Output +Vin Current Limit Section 0.05 470 680 2N3906 2N3906 .33 µF 10 k 4.7 M Error Flag 5 220 Error Vout SNS LP2951CN 3 SD VO T Gnd 4 20 k 8 Vin FB 7 1000 µF MJE2955 1 2 NC 6 NC .01 µF Vout @ 2.0 A 47 4.7 µF Tant 100 µF R1 R2 0.033 µF Vout = 1.25V (1.0 + R1/R2) For 5.0 V output, use internal resistors. Wire Pin 6 to 7, and wire Pin 2 to +Vout Bus. Figure 24. 2.0 A Low Dropout Regulator http://onsemi.com 11 LP2950, LP2951 +5.0 V 4.7 k 4 20 mA 5 NC 3 NC 1N4001 1 0.1 µF Error 8 Vin Vout SNS LP2951CN SD VO T Gnd 4 FB 1 2 2 4 NC 6 Output* 5 * High for IL < 3.5 mA NC 7 1N457 360 1N457 1N457 Figure 25. Open Circuit Detector for 4.0 to 20 mA Current Loop 100 k 31.6 k 2 NC 1 5 Error 8 Vin Vout SNS LP2951CN 3 3 SD VO T Gnd 4 FB 1 Main V+ 2 Memory V+ 6 1.0 µF NC 20 NiCad Backup Battery 7 NC Figure 26. Low Battery Disconnect JUNCTIONTOAIR (° C/W) R θ JA, THERMAL RESISTANCE 100 90 80 Minimum Size Pad 70 60 50 40 2.4 PD(max) for TA = 50°C Free Air Mounted Vertically ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ ÎÎÎ 2.0 oz. Copper L 1.6 L 1.2 RθJA 0 5.0 10 15 20 2.0 25 30 0.8 0.4 0 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm) Figure 27. DPAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length http://onsemi.com 12 PD, MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (W) MC34164P–5 6.0 V Lead-Acid Battery 2N3906 LP2950, LP2951 ORDERING INFORMATION (LP2950) Output Voltage (Volts) Tolerance (%) Package Shipping LP2950CZ–3.0 3.0 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950ACZ–3.0 3.0 0.5 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950CZ–3.3 3.3 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950ACZ–3.3 3.3 0.5 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950CZ–3.3RA 3.3 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950ACZ–3.3RA 3.3 0.5 TO–92 2000 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950CZ–5.0 5.0 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950ACZ–5.0 5.0 0.5 TO–92 2000 Units / Bag LP2950CZ–5.0RA 5.0 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950CZ–5.0RP 5.0 1.0 TO–92 2000 Units / Ammo Pack LP2950ACZ–5.0RA 5.0 0.5 TO–92 2000 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950CDT–3.0 3.0 1.0 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950CDT–3.0RK 3.0 1.0 DPAK 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950ACDT–3.0 3.0 0.5 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950CDT–3.3 3.3 1.0 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950CDT–3.3RK 3.3 1.0 DPAK 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950ACDT–3.3 3.3 0.5 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950CDT–5.0 5.0 1.0 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950CDT–5.0RK 5.0 1.0 DPAK 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2950ACDT–5.0 5.0 0.5 DPAK 75 Units / Rail LP2950ACDT–5.0RK 5.0 0.5 DPAK 2500 Units / Tape & Reel Part Number http://onsemi.com 13 LP2950, LP2951 ORDERING INFORMATION (LP2951) Output Voltage (Volts) Tolerance (%) Package Shipping LP2951CD–3.0 3.0 or Adj. 1.0 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951CD–3.0R2 3.0 or Adj. 1.0 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACD–3.0 3.0 or Adj. 0.5 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951ACD–3.0R2 3.0 or Adj. 0.5 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CD–3.3 3.3 or Adj. 1.0 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951CD–3.3R2 3.3 or Adj. 1.0 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACD–3.3 3.3 or Adj. 0.5 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951ACD–3.3R2 3.3 or Adj. 0.5 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CD 5.0 or Adj. 2.0 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951CDR2 5.0 or Adj. 2.0 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACD 5.0 or Adj. 1.2 SO–8 98 Units / Rail LP2951ACDR2 5.0 or Adj. 1.2 SO–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CDM–3.0R2 3.0 or Adj. 1.0 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACDM–3.0R2 3.0 or Adj. 0.5 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CDM–3.3R2 3.3 or Adj. 1.0 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACDM–3.3R2 3.3 or Adj. 0.5 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CDMR2 5.0 or Adj. 2.0 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951ACDMR2 5.0 or Adj. 1.2 Micro–8 2500 Units / Tape & Reel LP2951CN–3.0 3.0 or Adj. 1.0 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail LP2951ACN–3.0 3.0 or Adj. 0.5 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail LP2951CN–3.3 3.3 or Adj. 1.0 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail LP2951ACN–3.3 3.3 or Adj. 0.5 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail LP2951CN 5.0 or Adj. 2.0 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail LP2951ACN 5.0 or Adj. 1.2 DIP–8 50 Units / Rail Part Number http://onsemi.com 14 LP2950, LP2951 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS TO–226AA/TO–92 Z SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 29–11 ISSUE AL A NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. CONTOUR OF PACKAGE BEYOND DIMENSION R IS UNCONTROLLED. 4. LEAD DIMENSION IS UNCONTROLLED IN P AND BEYOND DIMENSION K MINIMUM. B R P L SEATING PLANE K DIM A B C D G H J K L N P R V D X X G J H V C SECTION X–X 1 N INCHES MIN MAX 0.175 0.205 0.170 0.210 0.125 0.165 0.016 0.021 0.045 0.055 0.095 0.105 0.015 0.020 0.500 --0.250 --0.080 0.105 --0.100 0.115 --0.135 --- MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.45 5.20 4.32 5.33 3.18 4.19 0.407 0.533 1.15 1.39 2.42 2.66 0.39 0.50 12.70 --6.35 --2.04 2.66 --2.54 2.93 --3.43 --- N DPAK DT SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 369A–13 ISSUE AB –T– C B V NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. SEATING PLANE E R 4 Z A S 1 2 3 U K F J L H D G 2 PL 0.13 (0.005) M T http://onsemi.com 15 DIM A B C D E F G H J K L R S U V Z INCHES MIN MAX 0.235 0.250 0.250 0.265 0.086 0.094 0.027 0.035 0.033 0.040 0.037 0.047 0.180 BSC 0.034 0.040 0.018 0.023 0.102 0.114 0.090 BSC 0.175 0.215 0.020 0.050 0.020 --0.030 0.050 0.138 --- MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 5.97 6.35 6.35 6.73 2.19 2.38 0.69 0.88 0.84 1.01 0.94 1.19 4.58 BSC 0.87 1.01 0.46 0.58 2.60 2.89 2.29 BSC 4.45 5.46 0.51 1.27 0.51 --0.77 1.27 3.51 --- LP2950, LP2951 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS PDIP–8 N SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 626–05 ISSUE L 8 NOTES: 1. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 2. PACKAGE CONTOUR OPTIONAL (ROUND OR SQUARE CORNERS). 3. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 5 –B– 1 4 DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N F –A– NOTE 2 L C J –T– MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.40 10.16 6.10 6.60 3.94 4.45 0.38 0.51 1.02 1.78 2.54 BSC 0.76 1.27 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC --10 0.76 1.01 INCHES MIN MAX 0.370 0.400 0.240 0.260 0.155 0.175 0.015 0.020 0.040 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.030 0.050 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC --10 0.030 0.040 N SEATING PLANE D M K G H 0.13 (0.005) M T A M B M SO–8 D SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751–07 ISSUE W –X– NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. A 8 5 0.25 (0.010) S B 1 M Y M 4 K –Y– G C N X 45 SEATING PLANE –Z– 0.10 (0.004) H M D 0.25 (0.010) M Z Y S X S http://onsemi.com 16 J DIM A B C D G H J K M N S MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 4.80 5.00 3.80 4.00 1.35 1.75 0.33 0.51 1.27 BSC 0.10 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.40 1.27 0 8 0.25 0.50 5.80 6.20 INCHES MIN MAX 0.189 0.197 0.150 0.157 0.053 0.069 0.013 0.020 0.050 BSC 0.004 0.010 0.007 0.010 0.016 0.050 0 8 0.010 0.020 0.228 0.244 LP2950, LP2951 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Micro–8 DM SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 846A–02 ISSUE E NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSION A DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSION. INTERLEAD FLASH OR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE. –A– –B– K PIN 1 ID G D 8 PL 0.08 (0.003) –T– M T B S A S SEATING PLANE 0.038 (0.0015) C H J L http://onsemi.com 17 DIM A B C D G H J K L MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 2.90 3.10 2.90 3.10 --1.10 0.25 0.40 0.65 BSC 0.05 0.15 0.13 0.23 4.75 5.05 0.40 0.70 INCHES MIN MAX 0.114 0.122 0.114 0.122 --0.043 0.010 0.016 0.026 BSC 0.002 0.006 0.005 0.009 0.187 0.199 0.016 0.028 LP2950, LP2951 Notes http://onsemi.com 18 LP2950, LP2951 Notes http://onsemi.com 19 LP2950, LP2951 ON Semiconductor and are trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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