LTC2302/LTC2306 Low Noise, 500ksps, 1-/2-Channel, 12-Bit ADCs FEATURES DESCRIPTION n The LTC®2302/LTC2306 are low noise, 500ksps, 1-/2-channel, 12-bit ADCs with an SPI/MICROWIRE compatible serial interface. These ADCs include a fully differential sample-and-hold circuit to reduce common mode noise. The internal conversion clock allows the external serial output data clock (SCK) to operate at any frequency up to 40MHz. n n n n n n n n n n n n n 12-Bit Resolution 500ksps Sampling Rate Low Noise: SINAD = 72.8dB Guaranteed No Missing Codes Single 5V Supply Auto-Shutdown Scales Supply Current with Sample Rate Low Power: 14mW at 500ksps 70μW at 1ksps 35μW Sleep Mode 1-Channel (LTC2302) and 2-Channel (LTC2306) Versions Unipolar or Bipolar Input Ranges (Software Selectable) Internal Conversion Clock SPI/MICROWIRE™ Compatible Serial Interface Separate Output Supply OVDD (2.7V to 5.25V) Software Compatible with the LTC2308 10-Pin (3mm × 3mm) DFN Package The LTC2302/LTC2306 operate from a single 5V supply and draw just 2.8mA at a sample rate of 500ksps. The auto-shutdown feature reduces the supply current to 14μA at a sample rate of 1ksps. The LTC2302/LTC2306 are packaged in a tiny 10-pin 3mm × 3mm DFN. The low power consumption and small size make the LTC2302/LTC2306 ideal for battery-operated and portable applications, while the 4-wire SPI compatible serial interface makes these ADCs a good match for isolated or remote data acquisition systems. TYPE Int Reference Ext Reference APPLICATIONS n n n n n n High Speed Data Acquisition Industrial Process Control Motor Control Accelerometer Measurements Battery-Operated Instruments Isolated and/or Remote Data Acquisition 1 NUMBER OF INPUT CHANNELS 2 8 LTC2308 LTC2302 LTC2306 L, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. TYPICAL APPLICATION 8192 Point FFT, fIN = 1kHz (LTC2306) 5V 2.7V TO 5.25V 0.1μF 0.1μF OVDD VDD LTC2302 LTC2306 SDI ANALOG INPUTS CH0 (IN+) 0V TO 4.096V UNIPOLAR CH1 (IN–) ±2.048V BIPOLAR ANALOG INPUT MUX + – 12-BIT 500ksps ADC SERIAL PORT SDO SCK SERIAL DATA LINK TO ASIC, PLD, MPU, DSP OR SHIFT REGISTER CONVST PIN NAMES IN PARENTHESIS REFER TO LTC2302 GND VREF 0.1μF 10μF 23026 TA01 MAGNITUDE (dB) 10μF 0 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 fSMPL = 500kHz SINAD = 72.8dB THD = –88.7dB 0 50 100 150 FREQUENCY (kHz) 200 250 23026 TA01b 23026f 1 LTC2302/LTC2306 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Notes 1, 2) Supply Voltage (VDD, OVDD)......................... –0.3V to 6V Analog Input Voltage (Note 3) CH0(IN+)-CH1(IN–), REF ..............................(GND – 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Input Voltage (Note 3).............................(GND – 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Output Voltage ... (GND – 0.3V) to (OVDD + 0.3V) Power Dissipation ...............................................500mW Operating Temperature Range LTC2302C/LTC2306C ............................... 0°C to 70°C LTC2302I/LTC2306I.............................. –40°C to 85°C Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C PIN CONFIGURATION LTC2302 TOP VIEW LTC2306 TOP VIEW 10 OVDD SDO 1 10 OVDD SDO 1 9 SCK CONVST 2 8 SDI VDD 3 IN+ 4 7 GND CH0 4 7 GND IN– 5 6 VREF CH1 5 6 VREF CONVST 2 VDD 3 11 9 SCK 11 8 SDI DD PACKAGE 10-LEAD (3mm s 3mm) PLASTIC DFN DD PACKAGE 10-LEAD (3mm s 3mm) PLASTIC DFN TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 43°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 43°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 11) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB ORDER INFORMATION LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING* PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LTC2302CDD#PBF LTC2302CDD#TRPBF LDGV 10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN 0°C to 70°C LTC2302IDD#PBF LTC2302IDD#TRPBF LDGV 10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN –40°C to 85°C LTC2306CDD#PBF LTC2306CDD#TRPBF LDGW 10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN 0°C to 70°C LTC2306IDD#PBF LTC2306IDD#TRPBF LDGW 10-Lead (3mm × 3mm) Plastic DFN –40°C to 85°C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container. Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 23026f 2 LTC2302/LTC2306 CONVERTER AND MULTIPLEXER CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Notes 4, 5) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN l Resolution (No Missing Codes) Integral Linearity Error (Note 6) ±0.3 LSB ±0.25 ±1 LSB l ±1 ±6 LSB (Note 7) l 0.002 ±1 LSB/°C ±6 0.002 Unipolar Zero Error Match (LTC2306) (Note 8) l (Note 8) l Bipolar Full-Scale Error Drift Unipolar Full-Scale Error ±1 l Unipolar Zero Error Drift Bipolar Full-Scale Error UNITS Bits l Bipolar Zero Error Drift Unipolar Zero Error MAX (Note 7) Differential Linearity Error Bipolar Zero Error TYP 12 LSB LSB/°C ±0.3 ±3 LSB ±1.5 ±8 LSB 0.05 ±1.2 Unipolar Full-Scale Error Drift 0.05 Unipolar Full-Scale Error Match (LTC2306) ±0.3 LSB/°C ±6 LSB LSB/°C ±3 LSB ANALOG INPUT The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MAX UNITS VIN+ Absolute Input Range (CH0, CH1, IN+) (Note 9) l –0.05 VDD V – Absolute Input Range (CH0, CH1, IN–) Unipolar (Note 9) Bipolar (Note 9) l l –0.05 –0.05 VDD/2 VDD V V VIN = VIN+ – VIN– (Unipolar) VIN = VIN+ – VIN– (Bipolar) l l VIN VIN+ – VIN– Input Differential Voltage Range IIN Analog Input Leakage Current CIN Analog Input Capacitance CMRR Input Common Mode Rejection Ratio MIN TYP 0 to VREF ±VREF/2 l V V ±1 Sample Mode Hold Mode μA 55 5 pF pF 70 dB REFERENCE INPUT The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN VREF Input Range l IREF Reference Input Current l l CREF Reference Input Capacitance fSMPL = 0ksps, VREF = 4.096V fSMPL = 500ksps, VREF = 4.096V TYP 0.1 50 230 55 MAX UNITS VDD V 80 260 μA μA pF 23026f 3 LTC2302/LTC2306 DYNAMIC ACCURACY The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. AIN = –1dBFS. (Notes 4, 10) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP SINAD Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio fIN = 1kHz l 71 72.8 dB SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio fIN = 1kHz l 71 73.2 dB THD Total Harmonic Distortion fIN = 1kHz, First 5 Harmonics l SFDR Spurious Free Dynamic Range fIN = 1kHz l –88 79 MAX UNITS –78 dB 89 dB Channel-to-Channel Isolation fIN = 1kHz –109 dB Full Linear Bandwidth (Note 11) 700 kHz 25 MHz 13 ns 240 ns –3dB Input Linear Bandwidth Aperature Delay Transient Response Full-Scale Step DIGITAL INPUTS AND DIGITAL OUTPUTS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS VIH High Level Input Voltage VDD = 5.25V l VIL Low Level Input Voltage VDD = 4.75V l 0.8 V IIN High Level Input Current VIN = VDD l ±10 μA CIN Digital Input Capacitance VOH High Level Output Voltage VOL Low Level Output Voltage MIN OVDD = 4.75V, IOUT = –10μA OVDD = 4.75V, IOUT = –200μA l OVDD = 4.75V, IOUT = 160μA OVDD = 4.75V, IOUT = 1.6mA l l TYP MAX UNITS 2.4 V 5 pF 4.74 V V 4 0.05 0.4 V V ±10 μA IOZ Hi-Z Output Leakage VOUT = 0V to OVDD, CONVST High COZ Hi-Z Output Capacitance CONVST High 15 pF ISOURCE Output Source Current VOUT = 0V –10 mA ISINK Output Sink Current VOUT = OVDD 10 mA POWER REQUIREMENTS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER VDD Supply Voltage OVDD Output Driver Supply Voltage IDD Supply Current Sleep Mode PD Power Dissipation Sleep Mode CONDITIONS CL = 25pF CONVST = 5V, Conversion Done MIN TYP MAX UNITS l 4.75 5 5.25 V l 2.7 l l 2.8 7 14 35 5.25 V 3.5 15 mA μA mW μW 23026f 4 LTC2302/LTC2306 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) SYMBOL PARAMETER MAX UNITS fSMPL(MAX) Maximum Sampling Frequency CONDITIONS l MIN 500 kHz fSCK Shift Clock Frequency l 40 MHz tWHCONV CONVST High Time l 20 ns tHD Hold Time SDI After SCK↑ l 2.5 ns tSUDI Setup Time SDI Stable Before SCK↑ l 0 ns (Note 9) TYP tWHCLK SCK High Time fSCK = fSCK(MAX) l 10 ns tWLCLK SCK Low Time fSCK = fSCK(MAX) l 10 ns tWLCONVST CONVST Low Time During Data Transfer (Note 9) l 410 ns (Note 9) l 20 tHCONVST Hold Time CONVST Low After Last SCK↓ tCONV Conversion Time tACQ Acquisition Time 7th SCK↑ to CONVST↑ (Note 9) l tdDO l ns 1.3 1.6 240 μs ns SDO Data Valid After SCK↓ CL = 25pF (Note 9) l thDO SDO Hold Time SCK↓ CL = 25pF l ten SDO Valid After CONVST↓ CL = 25pF l 11 15 ns tdis Bus Relinquish Time CL = 25pF l 11 15 ns 10.8 12.5 4 ns ns tr SDO Rise Time CL = 25pF 4 ns tf SDO Fall Time CL = 25pF 4 ns tCYC Total Cycle Time 2 μs Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: All voltage values are with respect to ground with VDD and OVDD wired together (unless otherwise noted). Note 3: When these pin voltages are taken below ground or above VDD, they will be clamped by internal diodes. These products can handle input currents greater than 100mA below ground or above VDD without latchup. Note 4: VDD = 5V, OVDD = 5V, VREF = 4.096V, fSMPL = 500ksps, unless otherwise specified. Note 5: Linearity, offset and full-scale specifications apply for a singleended analog input with respect to GND for the LTC2306 and IN+ with respect to IN– tied to GND for the LTC2302. Note 6: Integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. The deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band. Note 7: Bipolar zero error is the offset voltage measured from –0.5LSB when the output code flickers between 0000 0000 0000 and 1111 1111 1111. Unipolar zero error is the offset voltage measured from +0.5LSB when the output code flickers between 0000 0000 0000 and 0000 0000 0001. Note 8: Full-scale bipolar error is the worst-case of –FS or +FS untrimmed deviation from ideal first and last code transitions and includes the effect of offset error. Unipolar full-scale error is the deviation of the last code transition from ideal and includes the effect of offset error. Note 9: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 10: All specifications in dB are referred to a full-scale ±2.048V input with a 4.096V reference voltage. Note 11: Full linear bandwidth is defined as the full-scale input frequency at which the SINAD degrades to 60dB or 10 bits of accuracy. 23026f 5 LTC2302/LTC2306 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (LTC2302) TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = 5V, VREF = 4.096V, fSMPL = 500ksps, unless otherwise noted. 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0 0 –0.25 –0.25 –0.50 –0.50 –0.75 –0.75 –1.00 0 1024 2048 3072 4096 1kHz Sine Wave 8192 Point FFT Plot MAGNITUDE (dB) Differential Nonlinearity vs Output Code DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) Integral Nonlinearity vs Output Code –1.00 0 1024 OUTPUT CODE 2048 0 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 0 4096 3072 SNR = 73.2dB SINAD = 72.8dB THD = –89.5dB 50 100 150 23026 G01 SINAD vs Input Frequency SNR vs Input Frequency 80 75 75 70 70 250 23026 G03 23026 G02 80 200 FREQUENCY (kHz) OUTPUT CODE THD vs Input Frequency –60 –65 65 THD (dB) SINAD (dB) SNR (dB) –70 65 60 60 55 55 –75 –80 –85 –90 50 –95 –100 50 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1 1000 23026 G04 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 23026 G06 23026 G05 Supply Current vs Sampling Frequency 1000 Supply Current vs Temperature 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.6 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 0.5 2.2 0 1 10 100 SAMPLING FREQUENCY (ksps) 1000 23026 G07 2.0 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 23026 G08 23026f 6 LTC2302/LTC2306 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (LTC2302) TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = 5V, VREF = 4.096V, fSMPL = 500ksps, unless otherwise noted. Analog Input Leakage Current vs Temperature Sleep Current vs Temperature 1000 9 900 INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA) 10 SLEEP CURRENT (μA) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 1 0 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 0 –50 125 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 23026 G10 23026 G09 Offset Error vs Temperature Full-Scale Error vs Temperature 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 FULL-SCALE ERROR (LSB) 1.5 OFFSET ERROR (LSB) 100 1.0 BIPOLAR 0.5 0 UNIPOLAR –0.5 –1.0 BIPOLAR 1.0 UNIPOLAR 0.5 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –1.5 –2.0 –2.5 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 23026 G11 –2.0 –50 –25 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 125 23026 G12 23026f 7 LTC2302/LTC2306 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (LTC2306) TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = 5V, VREF = 4.096V, fSMPL = 500ksps, unless otherwise noted. 1.00 1.00 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0 0 –0.25 –0.25 –0.50 –0.50 –0.75 –0.75 –1.00 0 2048 1024 3072 4096 1kHz Sine Wave 8192 Point FFT Plot MAGNITUDE (dB) Differential Nonlinearity vs Output Code DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) Integral Nonlinearity vs Output Code –1.00 0 1024 OUTPUT CODE 2048 0 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 0 4096 3072 SNR = 73.2dB SINAD = 72.8dB THD = –88.7dB 50 100 150 23026 G13 SINAD vs Input Frequency SNR vs Input Frequency 80 75 75 70 70 250 23026 G15 23026 G14 80 200 FREQUENCY (kHz) OUTPUT CODE THD vs Input Frequency –60 –65 65 THD (dB) SINAD (dB) SNR (dB) –70 65 60 60 55 55 –75 –80 –85 –90 50 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 –95 –100 50 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 23026 G16 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 23026 G18 23026 G17 Supply Current vs Sampling Frequency 1000 Supply Current vs Temperature 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.0 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 3.6 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 0.5 2.2 0 1 10 100 SAMPLING FREQUENCY (ksps) 1000 23026 G19 2.0 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 23026 G20 23026f 8 LTC2302/LTC2306 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (LTC2306) TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = 5V, VREF = 4.096V, fSMPL = 500ksps, unless otherwise noted. Analog Input Leakage Current vs Temperature Sleep Current vs Temperature 1000 9 900 INPUT LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA) 10 SLEEP CURRENT (μA) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 1 0 –50 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 0 –50 125 –25 50 25 0 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) Full-Scale Error vs Temperature 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 FULL-SCALE ERROR (LSB) OFFSET ERROR (LSB) Offset Error vs Temperature 1.0 0.5 UNIPOLAR BIPOLAR –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 –2.0 –50 –25 125 23026 G22 23026 G21 0 100 1.0 0.5 UNIPOLAR 0 –0.5 BIPOLAR –1.0 –1.5 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 125 23026 G23 –2.0 –50 –25 75 50 25 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 100 125 23026 G24 23026f 9 LTC2302/LTC2306 PIN FUNCTIONS LTC2302 LTC2306 SDO (Pin 1): Three-State Serial Data Out. SDO outputs the data from the previous conversion. SDO is shifted out serially on the falling edge of each SCK pulse. SDO is enabled by a low level on CONVST. SDO (Pin 1): Three-State Serial Data Out. SDO outputs the data from the previous conversion. SDO is shifted out serially on the falling edge of each SCK pulse. SDO is enabled by a low level on CONVST. CONVST (Pin 2): Conversion Start. A rising edge at CONVST begins a conversion. For best performance, ensure that CONVST returns low within 40ns after the conversion starts or after the conversion ends. CONVST (Pin 2): Conversion Start. A rising edge at CONVST begins a conversion. For best performance, ensure that CONVST returns low within 40ns after the conversion starts or after the conversion ends. VDD (Pin 3): 5V Supply. The range of VDD is 4.75V to 5.25V. Bypass VDD to GND with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor and a 10μF tantalum capacitor in parallel. VDD (Pin 3): 5V Supply. The range of VDD is 4.75V to 5.25V. Bypass VDD to GND with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor and a 10μF tantalum capacitor in parallel. IN+, IN– (Pin 4, Pin 5): Positive (IN+) and Negative (IN–) Differential Analog Inputs. CH0, CH1 (Pin 4, Pin 5): Channel 0 and Channel 1 Analog Inputs. CH0, CH1 can be configured as single-ended or differential input channels. See the Analog Input Multiplexer section. VREF (Pin 6): Reference Input. Connect an external reference at VREF . The range of the external reference is 0.1V to VDD. Bypass to GND with a minimum 10μF tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor. GND (Pin 7): Ground. All GND pins must be connected to a solid ground plane. SDI (Pin 8): Serial Data Input. The SDI serial bit stream configures the ADC and is latched on the rising edge of the first 6 SCK pulses. SCK (Pin 9): Serial Data Clock. SCK synchronizes the serial data transfer. The serial data input at SDI is latched on the rising edge of SCK. The serial data output at SDO transitions on the falling edge of SCK. OVDD (Pin 10): Output Driver Supply. Bypass OVDD to GND with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor close to the pin. The range of OVDD is 2.7V to 5.25V. Exposed Pad (Pin 11): Exposed Pad Ground. Must be soldered directly to ground plane. VREF (Pin 6): Reference Input. Connect an external reference at VREF .The range of the external reference is 0.1V to VDD. Bypass to GND with a minimum 10μF tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor. GND (Pin 7): Ground. All GND pins must be connected to a solid ground plane. SDI (Pin 8): Serial Data Input. The SDI serial bit stream configures the ADC and is latched on the rising edge of the first 6 SCK pulses. SCK (Pin 9): Serial Data Clock. SCK synchronizes the serial data transfer. The serial data input at SDI is latched on the rising edge of SCK. The serial data output at SDO transitions on the falling edge of SCK. OVDD (Pin 10): Output Driver Supply. Bypass OVDD to OGND with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor close to the pin. The range of OVDD is 2.7V to 5.5V. Exposed Pad (Pin 11): Exposed Pad Ground. Must be soldered directly to ground plane. 23026f 10 LTC2302/LTC2306 BLOCK DIAGRAM OVDD VDD LTC2302 LTC2306 SDI CH0 (IN+) CH1 (IN–) + – ANALOG INPUT MUX 12-BIT 500ksps ADC SDO SERIAL PORT SCK CONVST VREF PIN NAMES IN PARENTHESIS REFER TO LTC2302 23026 BD GND TEST CIRCUITS Load Circuit for tdis Waveform 1 Load Circuit for tdis Waveform 2, ten VDD 3k SDO SDO TEST POINT CL TEST POINT 3k CL 23026 TC01 23026 TC02 TIMING DIAGRAMS Voltage Waveforms for SDO Delay Times, tdDO and thDO SCK Voltage Waveforms for tdis VIH CONVST VIL tdDO thDO VOH SDO SDO WAVEFORM 1 (SEE NOTE 1) tdis VOL 23026 TD01 90% SDO WAVEFORM 2 (SEE NOTE 2) 10% NOTE 1: WAVEFORM 1 IS FOR AN OUTPUT WITH INTERNAL CONDITIONS SUCH THAT THE OUTPUT IS HIGH UNLESS DISABLED BY THE OUTPUT CONTROL NOTE 2: WAVEFORM 2 IS FOR AN OUTPUT WITH INTERNAL CONDITIONS SUCH THAT THE OUTPUT IS LOW UNLESS DISABLED BY THE OUTPUT CONTROL 23026 TD02 23026f 11 LTC2302/LTC2306 TIMING DIAGRAMS tWLCLK (SCK Low Time) tWHCLK (SCK High Time) tHD (Hold Time SDI After SCK↑) tSUDI (Setup Time SDI Stable Before SCK↑) tWLCLK Voltage Waveforms for ten CONVST tWHCLK SDO 23026 TD04 ten SCK tHD Voltage Waveforms for SDO Rise and Fall Times tr, tf SDI tSUDI 23026 TD03 VOH SDO VOL tr tf 23004 TD05 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Overview The LTC2302/LTC2306 are low noise, 500ksps, 1-/2-channel, 12-bit successive approximation register (SAR) A/D converters. The LTC2306 includes a 2-channel analog input multiplexer (MUX) while the LTC2302 includes an input MUX that allows the polarity of the differential input to be selected. Both ADCs include an SPI-compatible serial port for easy data transfers and can operate in either unipolar or bipolar mode. Unipolar mode should be used for single-ended operation with the LTC2306, since singleended input signals are always referenced to GND. The LTC2302/LTC2306 can be put into a power-down sleep mode during idle periods to save power. Conversions are initiated by a rising edge on the CONVST input. Once a conversion cycle has begun, it cannot be restarted. Between conversions, a 6-bit input word (DIN) at the SDI input configures the MUX and programs various modes of operation. As the DIN bits are shifted in, data from the previous conversion is shifted out on SDO. After the 6 bits of the DIN word have been shifted in, the ADC begins acquiring the analog input in preparation for the next conversion as the rest of the data is shifted out. The acquire phase requires a minimum time of 240ns for the sample-and-hold capacitors to acquire the analog input signal. During the conversion, the internal 12-bit capacitive charge-redistribution DAC output is sequenced through a successive approximation algorithm by the SAR starting from the most significant bit (MSB) to the least significant bit (LSB). The sampled input is successively compared with binary weighted charges supplied by the capacitive DAC using a differential comparator. At the end of a conversion, the DAC output balances the analog input. The SAR contents (a 12-bit data word) that represent the sampled analog input are loaded into 12 output latches that allow the data to be shifted out. Programming the LTC2306 and LTC2302 The software compatible LTC2302/LTC2306/LTC2308 family features a 6-bit DIN word to program various modes of operation. Don’t care bits (X) are ignored. The SDI data bits are loaded on the rising edge of SCK, with the S/D bit loaded on the first rising edge (see Figure 6 in the Timing 23026f 12 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION and Control section). The input data word for the LTC2306 is defined as follows: S/D O/S X X UNI X S/D = SINGLE-ENDED/DIFFERENTIAL BIT O/S = ODD/SIGN BIT X = DON’ T CARE For the LTC2302, the input data word is defined as: O/S X X UNI X Analog Input Multiplexer The analog input MUX is programmed by the S/D and O/S bits of the DIN word for the LTC2306 and the O/S bit of the DIN word for the LTC2302. Table 1 and Table 2 list MUX configurations for all combinations of the configuration bits. Figure 1a shows several possible MUX configurations and Figure 1b shows how the MUX can be reconfigured from one conversion to the next. 2 Single-Ended 1 Differential + (–) – (+) { + + CH0 CH1 S/D O/S 0 0 + – 0 1 – + 1 0 + 1 1 LTC2306 + WITH RESPECT TO GND CH0 CH1 Table 2. Channel Configuration for the LTC2302 O/S IN+ IN– 0 + – 1 – + Driving the Analog Inputs The analog inputs of the LTC2302/LTC2306 are easy to drive. Each of the analog inputs of the LTC2306 (CH0 and CH1) can be used as a single-ended input relative to GND or as a differential pair. The analog inputs of the LTC2302 (IN+, IN–) are always configured as a differential pair. Regardless of the MUX configuration, the “+” and “–” inputs are sampled at the same instant. Any unwanted signal that is common to both inputs will be reduced by the common mode rejection of the sample-and-hold circuit. The inputs draw only one small current spike while LTC2306 1st Conversion (–) GND + –{ 1 Differential + (–) – (+) { CH0 CH1 NOTE: UNIPOLAR MODE SHOULD BE USED FOR SINGLE-ENDED OPERATION, SINCE INPUT SIGNALS ARE ALWAYS REFERENCED TO GND UNI = UNIPOLAR/BIPOLAR BIT X Table 1. Channel Configuration for the LTC2306 CH0 CH1 LTC2306 IN+ IN– 2nd Conversion + + CH0 CH1 LTC2306 (–) GND LTC2302 23026 F01b 23026 F01a Figure 1b. Changing the MUX Assignment “On the Fly” Figure 1a. Example MUX Configurations 23026f 13 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION charging the sample-and-hold capacitors during the acquire mode. In conversion mode, the analog inputs draw only a small leakage current. If the source impedance of the driving circuit is low, the ADC inputs can be driven directly. Otherwise, more acquisition time should be allowed for a source with higher impedance. Reference A low noise, stable reference is required to ensure full performance. The LT®1790 and LT6660 are adequate for most applications. The LT6660 is available in 2.5V, 3V, 3.3V and 5V versions, and the LT1790 is available in 1.25V, 2.048V, 2.5V, 3V, 3.3V, 4.096V and 5V versions. The exceptionally low input noise allows the input range to be optimized for the application by changing the reference voltage. The VREF input must be decoupled with a 10μF capacitor in parallel with a 0.1μF capacitor, so verify that the device providing the reference voltage is stable with capacitive loads. If the voltage reference is 5V and can supply 5mA, it can be used for both VREF and VDD. VDD must be connected to a clean analog supply, and a quiet 5V reference voltage makes a convenient supply for this purpose. Input Filtering The noise and distortion of the input amplifier and other circuitry must be considered since they will add to the ADC noise and distortion. Therefore, noisy input circuitry RSOURCE INPUT (CH0, CH1 IN+, IN–) VIN C1 should be filtered prior to the analog inputs to minimize noise. A simple 1-pole RC filter is sufficient for many applications. The analog inputs of the LTC2302/LTC2306 can be modeled as a 55pF capacitor (CIN) in series with a 100Ω resistor (RON) as shown in Figure 2a. CIN gets switched to the selected input once during each conversion. Large filter RC time constants will slow the settling of the inputs. It is important that the overall RC time constants be short enough to allow the analog inputs to completely settle to 12-bit resolution within the acquisition time (tACQ) if DC accuracy is important. When using a filter with a large CFILTER value (e.g., 1μF), the inputs do not completely settle and the capacitive input switching currents are averaged into a net DC current (IDC). In this case, the analog input can be modeled by an equivalent resistance (REQ = 1/(fSMPL • CIN)) in series with an ideal voltage source (VREF/2) as shown in Figure 2b. The magnitude of the DC current is then approximately IDC = (VIN – VREF/2)/REQ, which is roughly proportional to VIN. To prevent large DC drops across the resistor RFILTER, a filter with a small resistor and large capacitor should be chosen. When running at the minimum cycle time of 2μs, the input current equals 106μA at VIN = 5V, which amounts to a full-scale error of 0.5LSB when using a filter resistor (RFILTER) of 4.7Ω. Applications requiring lower sample rates can tolerate a larger filter resistor for the same amount of full-scale error. LTC2302 LTC2306 RFILTER RON 100Ω LTC2302 LTC2306 INPUT (CH0, CH1 IDC IN+, IN–) VIN CIN 55pF 23026 F02a Figure 2a. Analog Input Equivalent Circuit REQ 1/(fSMPL • CIN) CFILTER + – VREF/2 23026 F02b Figure 2b. Analog Input Equivalent Circuit for Large Filter Capacitances 23026f 14 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Figures 3a and 3b show respective examples of input filtering for single-ended and differential inputs. For the single-ended case in Figure 3a, a 50Ω source resistor and a 2000pF capacitor to ground on the input will limit the input bandwidth to 1.6MHz. High quality capacitors and resistors should be used in the RC filter since these components can add distortion. NPO and silver mica type dielectric capacitors have excellent linearity. Carbon surface mount resistors can generate distortion from self heating and from damage that may occur during soldering. Metal film surface mount resistors are much less susceptible to both problems. Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SINAD) The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SINAD) is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency to the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components at the A/D output. The output is band-limited to frequencies from above DC and below half the sampling frequency. Figure 4 shows a typical SINAD of 72.8dB with a 500kHz sampling rate and a 1kHz input. A SNR of 73.2dB can be achieved with the LTC2302/LTC2306. FFT (fast fourier transform) test techniques are used to test the ADC’s frequency response, distortion and noise at the rated throughput. By applying a low distortion sine wave and analyzing the digital output using an FFT algorithm, the ADC’s spectral content can be examined for frequencies outside the fundamental. MAGNITUDE (dB) Dynamic Performance 0 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 SNR = 73.2dB SINAD = 72.8dB THD = –88.7dB 0 5V 0.1μF ANALOG INPUT 50Ω 150 200 250 CH0, CH1 23026 F04 2000pF Figure 4. 1kHz Sine Wave 8192 Point FFT Plot (LTC2306) LTC2306 LT1790A-4.096 Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) VOUT VREF 10μF 0.1μF 23026 F03a Figure 3a. Optional RC Input Filtering for Single-Ended Input DIFFERENTIAL ANALOG INPUTS 50Ω CH0, IN+ LTC2302 LTC2306 1000pF CH1, IN– VIN where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental frequency and V2 through VN are the amplitudes of the second through Nth harmonics. 1000pF LT1790A-4.096 VOUT VREF 10μF Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is the ratio of the RMS sum of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself. The out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band between DC and half the sampling frequency(fSMPL/2). THD is expressed as: V22 + V32 + V42 ... + VN2 THD = 20 log V1 1000pF 50Ω 0.1μF 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) VIN 5V 50 0.1μF 23026 F03b Figure 3b. Optional RC Input Filtering for Differential Inputs 23026f 15 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Internal Conversion Clock The internal conversion clock is factory trimmed to achieve a typical conversion time (tCONV) of 1.3μs and a maximum conversion time of 1.6μs over the full operating temperature range. With a minimum acquisition time of 240ns, a throughput sampling rate of 500ksps is tested and guaranteed. Digital Interface The LTC2302/LTC2306 communicate via a standard 4-wire SPI compatible digital interface. The rising edge of CONVST initiates a conversion. After the conversion is finished, pull CONVST low to enable the serial output (SDO). The ADC then shifts out the digital data in 2’s complement format when operating in bipolar mode or in straight binary format when in unipolar mode, based on the setting of the UNI bit. For best performance, ensure that CONVST returns low within 40ns after the conversion starts (i.e., before the first bit decision) or after the conversion ends. If CONVST is low when the conversion ends, the MSB bit will appear at SDO at the end of the conversion and the ADC will remain powered up. Timing and Control The start of a conversion is triggered by the rising edge of CONVST. Once initiated, a new conversion cannot be restarted until the current conversion is complete. Figures 6 and 7 show the timing diagrams for two different examples of CONVST pulses. Example 1 (Figure 6) shows CONVST staying HIGH after the conversion ends. If CONVST is high after the tCONV period, the LTC2302/LTC2306 enter sleep mode (see Sleep Mode for more details). When CONVST returns low, the ADC wakes up and the most significant bit (MSB) of the output data sequence at SDO becomes valid after the serial data bus is enabled. All other data bits from SDO transition on the falling edge of each SCK pulse. Configuration data (DIN) is loaded into the LTC2302/LTC2306 at SDI, starting with the first SCK rising edge after CONVST returns low. The S/D bit is loaded on the first SCK rising edge. Example 2 (Figure 7) shows CONVST returning low before the conversion ends. In this mode, the ADC and all internal circuitry remain powered up. When the conversion is complete, the MSB of the output data sequence at SDO becomes valid after the data bus is enabled. At this point(tCONV 1.3μs after the rising edge of CONVST), pulsing SCK will shift data out at SDO and load configuration data (DIN) into the LTC2302/LTC2306 at SDI. The first SCK rising edge loads the S/D bit. SDO transitions on the falling edge of each SCK pulse. Figures 8 and 9 are the transfer characteristics for the bipolar and unipolar modes. Data is output at SDO in 2’s complement format for bipolar readings or in straight binary for unipolar readings. Sleep Mode The ADC enters sleep mode when CONVST is held high after the conversion is complete (tCONV). The supply current decreases to 7μA in sleep mode between conversions, thereby reducing the average power dissipation as the sample rate decreases. For example, the LTC2302/LTC2306 draw an average of 14μA with a 1ksps sampling rate. The LTC2302/LTC2306 power down all circuitry when in sleep mode. Board Layout and Bypassing To obtain the best performance, a printed circuit board with a solid ground plane is required. Layout for the printed circuit board should ensure digital and analog signal lines are separated as much as possible. Care should be taken not to run any digital signal alongside an analog signal. All analog inputs should be shielded by GND. VREF and VDD should be bypassed to the ground plane as close to the pin as possible. Maintaining a low impedance path for the common return of these bypass capacitors is essential to the low noise operation of the ADC. These traces should be as wide as possible. See Figure 5 for a suggested layout. 23026f 16 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION VDD, BYPASS 0.1μF||10μF, 0603 INPUT FILTER CAPACITORS SOLID GROUND PLANE OVDD, BYPASS 0.1μF, 0603 23026 F05 VREF, BYPASS 0.1μF||10μF 0603 Figure 5. Suggested Layout tWLCONVST tACQ CONVST tCONV SLEEP tCYC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SCK S/D BIT IS A DON’T CARE (X) FOR THE LTC2302 SDI S/D O/S UNI MSB SDO Hi-Z LSB B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Hi-Z 23026 F06 Figure 6. LTC2302/LTC2306 Timing with a Long CONVST Pulse 23026f 17 LTC2302/LTC2306 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION tWHCONV tHCONVST tACQ CONVST tCYC tCONV 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SCK S/D BIT IS A DON’T CARE (X) FOR THE LTC2302 SDI SDO S/D O/S Hi-Z UNI MSB LSB B11 B10 B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 Hi-Z 23026 F07 011...111 111...111 BIPOLAR ZERO 011...110 111...110 000...001 OUTPUT CODE OUTPUT CODE (TWO’S COMPLEMENT) Figure 7. LTC2302/LTC2306 Timing with a Short CONVST Pulse 000...000 111...111 111...110 FS = 4.096V 1LSB = FS/2N 1LSB = 1mV 100...001 100...000 –FS/2 –1 0V 1 LSB LSB INPUT VOLTAGE (V) FS/2 – 1LSB 23026 F08 Figure 8. LTC2302/LTC2306 Bipolar Transfer Characteristics (2’s Complement) 100...001 100...000 011...111 UNIPOLAR ZERO 011...110 FS = 4.096V 1LSB = FS/2N 1LSB = 1mV 000...001 000...000 0V FS – 1LSB INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 20026 F09 Figure 9. LTC2302/LTC2306 Unipolar Transfer Characteristics (Straight Binary) 23026f 18 LTC2302/LTC2306 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION DD Package 10-Lead Plastic DFN (3mm × 3mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1699) 0.675 ±0.05 3.50 ±0.05 1.65 ±0.05 2.15 ±0.05 (2 SIDES) PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 ± 0.05 0.50 BSC 2.38 ±0.05 (2 SIDES) RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS 3.00 ±0.10 (4 SIDES) R = 0.115 TYP 6 0.38 ± 0.10 10 1.65 ± 0.10 (2 SIDES) PIN 1 TOP MARK (SEE NOTE 6) (DD) DFN 1103 5 0.200 REF 1 0.25 ± 0.05 0.50 BSC 0.75 ±0.05 0.00 – 0.05 2.38 ±0.10 (2 SIDES) BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD NOTE: 1. DRAWING TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229 VARIATION OF (WEED-2). CHECK THE LTC WEBSITE DATA SHEET FOR CURRENT STATUS OF VARIATION ASSIGNMENT 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 23026f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 19 LTC2302/LTC2306 TYPICAL APPLICATION Clock Squaring/Level Shifting Circuit Allows Testing with RF Sine Generator, Convert Re-Timing Flip-Flop Preserves Low Jitter Clock Timing 10μF 0.1μF 0.1μF LTC2302 LTC2306 OVDD VDD SDI ANALOG INPUT MUX CH0 (IN+) CH1 (IN–) + – SDO 12-BIT 500ksps ADC SERIAL PORT VCC SCK CONVST CONTROL LOGIC (FPGA, CPLD, DSP, ETC.) Q PRE D NL17SZ74 Q CLR CONVERT ENABLE VREF GND 0.1μF RF SIGNAL GENERATOR OR OTHER LOW JITTER SOURCE MASTER CLOCK •••••• CONVERT ENABLE •••••• CONVST •••••• 10μF VCC 0.1μF 1k MASTER CLOCK 23026 TA02 50Ω 1k NC7SVU04P5X •••••• •••••• JITTER •••••• DATA TRANSFER RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LTC1417 14-Bit, 400ksps Serial ADC 20mW, Unipolar or Bipolar, Internal Reference, SSOP-16 Package LTC1468/LT1469 Single/Dual 90MHz, 22V/μs, 16-Bit Accurate Op Amps Low Input Offset: 75μV/125μV LTC1609 16-Bit, 200ksps Serial ADC 65mW, Configurable Bipolar and Unipolar Input Ranges, 5V Supply LTC1790 Micropower Low Dropout Reference 60μA Supply Current, 10ppm/°C, SOT-23 Package LTC1850/LTC1851 10-Bit/12-Bit, 8-channel, 1.25Msps ADCs Parallel Output, Programmable MUX and Sequencer, 5V Supply LTC1852/LTC1853 10-Bit/12-Bit, 8-channel, 400ksps ADCs Parallel Output, Programmable MUX and Sequencer, 3V or 5V Supply LTC1860/LTC1861 12-Bit, 1-/2-Channel 250ksps ADCs in MSOP 850μA at 250ksps, 2μA at 1ksps, SO-8 and MSOP Packages LTC1860L/LTC1861L 3V, 12-bit, 1-/2-Channel 150ksps ADCs 450μA at 150ksps, 10μA at 1ksps, SO-8 and MSOP Packages LTC1863/LTC1867 12-/16-Bit, 8-Channel 200ksps ADCs 6.5mW, Unipolar or Bipolar, Internal Reference, SSOP-16 Package LTC1863L/LTC1867L 3V, 12-/16-bit, 8-Channel 175ksps ADCs 2mW, Unipolar or Bipolar, Internal Reference, SSOP-16 Package LTC1864/LTC1865 16-Bit, 1-/2-Channel 250ksps ADCs in MSOP 850μA at 250ksps, 2μA at 1ksps, SO-8 and MSOP Packages LTC1864L/LTC1865L 3V, 16-Bit, 1-/2-Channel 150ksps ADCs in MSOP 450μA at 150ksps, 10μA at 1ksps, SO-8 and MSOP Packages LTC2308 12-Bit, 8-Channel 500ksps ADC 5V, Internal Reference, 4mm × 4mm QFN Packages 23026f 20 Linear Technology Corporation LT 0108 • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2008