FEATURES High efficiency:92.5 @12V/18A Size: 57.9x36.8x10.8mm (2.28”x1.45”x0.43”) (w/o heatspreader) 57.9x36.8x12.7mm (2.28”x1.45”x0.50”) (with heatspreader) Industry standard pin out Fixed frequency operation Fully protected: OTP, OVP, OCP, UVLO No minimum load required Wide output trim range: -20~+10% Remote sense Fast transient response Basic insulation and 2250V isolation ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000, OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility UL/cUL 60950 (US & Canada) recognized, TUV (EN60950) certified CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives Delphi Series Q48SP, 216W Quarter Brick Family DC/DC Power Modules: 48V in, 12V/18A out The Delphi Series Q48SP Quarter Brick, 48V input, 12V single output, isolated, DC/DC converters are the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing ― Delta Electronics, Inc. This product family provides up to 216 watts of power or up to 18A of output current in an industry standard footprint. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. All models are fully protected from abnormal input/output voltage, current, and temperature conditions. The Q48SP Delphi Series converters meet all safety requirements with basic insulation. OPTIONS Latched over current protection Positive remote on/off Short lead lengths APPLICATIONS Telecom/DataCom Wireless Networks Optical Network Equipment Server and Data Storage Industrial/Test Equipment DATASHEET DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, Vin=48Vdc, nominal Vout unless otherwise noted; mounted on board.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS Q48SP12017NRFA Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms, non-operating) Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Input/Output Isolation Voltage INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Lockout Hysteresis Voltage Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current Inrush Current (I2t) Input Reflected-Ripple Current Input Voltage Ripple Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Over Temperature Total Output Voltage Range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak RMS Operating Output Current Range Output DC Current-Limit Inception DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Current Transient Positive Step Change in Output Current Negative Step Change in Output Current Settling Time (within 1% Vout nominal) Turn-On Transient Start-Up Time, From On/Off Control Start-Up Time, From Input Maximum Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY 100% Load ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Input to Output Isolation Resistance Isolation Capacitance FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control, (Logic Low-Module ON) Logic Low Logic High ON/OFF Current Leakage Current Output Voltage Trim Range Output Voltage Remote Sense Range Output Over-Voltage Protection GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS MTBF Weight Over-Temperature Shutdown Typ. -0.5 100ms Refer to Figure 22 for the measuring point -40 -40 Output Voltage 10% Low Vdc Vdc °C °C Vdc 75 Vdc 33 30 1 34 32 2 36 34 3 7 140 11 1 Vdc Vdc Vdc A mA mA A2S mA dB 12 12.2 Vdc 6 6 32 11.6 24 24 60 12.4 mV mV mV V 0 19 150 50 18 24 mV mV A A 10 50 11.8 48V, 10µF Tan & 1µF Ceramic load cap, 0.1A/µs 50% Io,max to 75% Io,max 75% Io,max to 50% Io,max Full load; 5% overshoot of Vout at startup 80 100 120 105 2250 48 P-P thru 12µH inductor, 5Hz to 20MHz 120 Hz Io=Io,min to Io,max Vin=36V to 75V Ta=-40C to135C over sample load, line and temperature 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum Full Load, 1µF ceramic, 10µF tantalum 21 300 300 400 mV mV uS 8 6 mS mS µF 0 `1500 92.5 % 2250 1000 Vdc MΩ pF 300 kHz 10 Von/off at Ion/off=1.0mA Von/off at Ion/off=0.0 µA Ion/off at Von/off=0.0V Logic High, Von/off=15V Across Pins 9 & 5, Pout <= max rated power Pout <= max rated power Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Io=80% of Io, max; Ta=25°C Refer to Figure 22 for the measuring point Units 36 100% Load, 36Vin Vin=48V, Io=Io.max, Ta=25C Max. 0 2 1 15 1 50 +10 0.5 16.5 -20 13.5 2.40 45 130 V V mA uA % V V M hours grams °C 2 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES 94 20 92 18 90 16 14 86 12 84 LOSS(W) EFFICIENCY(%) 88 82 80 78 10 8 6 76 4 74 36V 72 48V 75V 36V 2 70 48V 75V 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 OUTPUT CURRENT(A) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 OUTPUT CURRENT(A) Figure 1: Efficiency vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 2: Power dissipation vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25°C. Figure 3: Turn-on transient at zero load current. Top Trace: Vout; 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 2V/div Figure 4: Turn-on transient at load full rated current. Top Trace: Vout: 5V/div; Bottom Trace: ON/OFF input: 2V/div 3 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Io=17A Io=10.2A Io=1.7A Figure 6: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (75%-50% of Io, max; di/dt = 0.1A/µs). Load cap: 10uf tantalum capacitor and 1µF ceramic capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (5A/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module.. OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) ) INPUT CURREN (A) Figure 5: Output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75% of Io, max: di/dt =0.1A/µs). Load cap:1µF ceramic capacitor and 10uF Tantalum capacitor. Top Trace: Vout (200mV/div), Bottom Trace: Iout (5A/div). Scope measurement should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module. 14 12 10 8 6 4 Vin=48V 2 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Vin=36V Vin=75V 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 LOAD CURRENT (A) Figure 7: Typical input characteristics at room temperature Figure 8:Output characteristics at room temperature 4 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Figure 9: Test set-up diagram showing measurement points for Input Terminal Ripple Current and Input Reflected Ripple Current. Note: Measured input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source Inductance (LTEST) of 12 µH. Capacitor Cs offset possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. Figure 10: Input reflected ripple current, ic through a 12µH source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (20 mA/div). 5 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES Copper Strip Vo(+) 10u 1u SCOPE RESISTIVE LOAD Vo(-) Figure 11: Output voltage noise and ripple measurement test setup Figure 12: Output voltage ripple at 36V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module. Figure 13: Output voltage ripple at 48V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module. Figure 14: Output voltage ripple at 75V input voltage and rated load current (50 mV/div). Load capacitance: 1µF ceramic capacitor and 10µF tantalum capacitor. Bandwidth: 25 MHz. Scope measurements should be made using a BNC cable (length shorter than 20 inches). Position the load between 51 mm to 76 mm (2 inches to 3 inches) from the module. 6 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Input Source Impedance The impedance of the input source connecting to the DC/DC power modules will interact with the modules and affect the stability. A low ac-impedance input source is recommended. If the source inductance is more than a few µH, we advise adding a 100 µF electrolytic capacitor (ESR < 0.7 Ω at 100 kHz) mounted close to the input of the module to improve the stability. Layout and EMC Considerations Delta’s DC/DC power modules are designed to operate in a wide variety of systems and applications. For design assistance with EMC compliance and related PWB layout issues, please contact Delta’s technical support team. An external input filter module is available for easier EMC compliance design. Application notes to assist designers in addressing these issues are pending to release. Safety Considerations The power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the enduser’s safety agency standard, i.e., UL60950, CAN/CSA-C22.2 NO.60950-00 and EN60950:2000 and IEC60950-1999, if the system in which the power module is to be used must meet safety agency requirements. Do not ground one of the input pins without grounding one of the output pins. This connection may allow a non-SELV voltage to appear between the output pin and ground. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. This power module is not internally fused. To achieve optimum safety and system protection, an input line fuse is highly recommended. The safety agencies require a normal-blow fuse with 20A maximum rating to be installed in the ungrounded lead. A lower rated fuse can be used based on the maximum inrush transient energy and maximum input current. Soldering and Cleaning Considerations Post solder cleaning is usually the final board assembly process before the board or system undergoes electrical testing. Inadequate cleaning and/or drying may lower the reliability of a power module and severely affect the finished circuit board assembly test. Adequate cleaning and/or drying is especially important for un-encapsulated and/or open frame type power modules. For assistance on appropriate soldering and cleaning procedures, please contact Delta’s technical support team. When the input source is 60 Vdc or below, the power module meets SELV (safety extra-low voltage) requirements. If the input source is a hazardous voltage which is greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75 Vdc, for the module’s output to meet SELV requirements, all of the following must be met: The input source must be insulated from any hazardous voltages, including the ac mains, with reinforced insulation. One Vi pin and one Vo pin are grounded, or all the input and output pins are kept floating. The input terminals of the module are not operator accessible. A SELV reliability test is conducted on the system where the module is used to ensure that under a single fault, hazardous voltage does not appear at the module’s output. 7 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS Vi(+) Over-Current Protection Vo(+) Sense(+) The modules include an internal output over-current protection circuit, which will endure current limiting for an unlimited duration during output overload. If the output current exceeds the OCP set point, the modules will automatically shut down and latch off. ON/OFF Sense(-) Vi(-) Vo(-) Over-Voltage Protection Figure 15: Remote on/off implementation The modules include an internal output over-voltage protection circuit, which monitors the voltage on the output terminals. If this voltage exceeds the overvoltage set point, the module will shut down and latch off. Cycling the input power for one second can reset the over-voltage latch. Over-Temperature Protection The over-temperature protection consists of circuitry that provides protection from thermal damage. If the temperature exceeds the over-temperature threshold the module will shut down. Remote Sense Remote sense compensates for voltage drops on the output by sensing the actual output voltage at the point of load. The voltage between the remote sense pins and the output terminals must not exceed the output voltage sense range given here: [Vo(+) – Vo(–)] – [SENSE(+) – SENSE(–)] ≤ 0.5V This limit includes any increase in voltage due to remote sense compensation and output voltage set point adjustment (trim). The module will try to restart after shutdown. If the overtemperature condition still exists during restart, the module will shut down again. This restart trial will continue until the temperature is within specification. Vi(+) Vo(+) Sense(+) Remote On/Off The remote on/off feature on the module can be either negative or positive logic. Negative logic turns the module on during a logic low and off during a logic high. Positive logic turns the modules on during a logic high and off during a logic low. Remote on/off can be controlled by an external switch between the on/off terminal and the Vi(-) terminal. The switch can be an open collector or open drain. For negative logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please short the on/off pin to Vi(-). For positive logic if the remote on/off feature is not used, please leave the on/off pin floating. Sense(-) Contact Resistance Vi(-) Vo(-) Contact and Distribution Losses Figure 16: Effective circuit configuration for remote sense operation If the remote sense feature is not used to regulate the output at the point of load, please connect SENSE(+) to Vo(+) and SENSE(–) to Vo(–) at the module. The output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and the trim; however, the maximum allowed increase is the larger of either the remote sense spec or the trim spec, not the sum of both. When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage of the module is usually increased, which increases the power output of the module with the same output current. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power does not exceed the maximum rated power. 8 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Output Voltage Adjustment (TRIM) To increase or decrease the output voltage set point, connect an external resistor between the TRIM pin and either the SENSE(+) or SENSE(-). The TRIM pin should be left open if this feature is not used. Figure 19: Circuit configuration for trim-down (decrease output voltage) If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and SENSE (-) the output voltage set point decreases (Fig. 19). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage output voltage change △% is defined as: If the external resistor is connected between the TRIM and SENSE (+) pins, the output voltage set point increases (Fig. 17). The external resistor value required to obtain a percentage of output voltage change △% is defined as: (5.11 × Vo(100 + ∆ ) 511 − − 10.22)( KΩ) 1.225∆ ∆ Vnom − Vadj ∆=( ) × 100 Vnom Vo=Nominal voltage Rtrim _ up = ( Ex. When trim up to 13.2V from 12V Rtrim − up = 5.11 × 12(100 + 10 ) 511 − − 10.22 1.225 × 10 10 Trim resistor value (K) ) ⇒ = 489.3KΩ Rtrim_down (∆ ) = ( 511 − 10.22)kΩ ∆ Ex. When trim down to 9.6V from 12V Rtrim − down = Trim-resistor value (K) ) Figure 17: Circuit configuration for trim-up (increase output voltage) 511 − 10.22 KΩ = 15.33KΩ 20 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1 10 100 Trim-Down percentage Figure 20: Trim DOWN resistor selection 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 The output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and the trim, however the maximum allowed increase is the larger of either the remote sense spec or the trim spec, not the sum of both. When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage of the module is usually increased, which increases the power output of the module with the same output current. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Trim-Up percentage 8 9 10 Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power. Figure 18: Trim UP resistor selection 9 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS THERMAL CURVES Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. Thermal Testing Setup Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. Figure 22: Temperature measurement location The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 120℃ 20 Output Current(A) Q48SP12017(Standard) Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @Vin = 48V (Transverse Orientation) 600LFM The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and the top of the power module is constantly kept at 6.35mm (0.25’’). 18 500LFM 16 400LFM 14 12 10 Natural Convection 8 100LFM 6 Thermal Derating 200LFM 4 Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. The module’s maximum hot spot temperature is pending to release and the measured location is illustrated in Figure 22. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. 300LFM 2 0 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 23: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=48V (Transverse orientation) PWB FACING PWB MODULE AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE 50.8 (2.0”) AIR FLOW 12.7 (0.5”) Note: Wind Tunnel Test Setup Figure Dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches Figure 21: Wind tunnel test setup 10 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 MECHANICAL DRAWING(WITHOUT HEATSPERADER) Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Notes: 1 2 3 Name Function -Vin CASE ON/OFF +Vin +Vout +SENSE TRIM -SENSE -Vout Negative input voltage Case ground pin Remote ON/OFF Positive input voltage Positive output voltage Positive remote sense Output voltage trim Negative remote sense Negative output voltage Pins 1-4, 6-8 are 1.00mm (0.040”) diameter Pins 5 and 9 are 1.50mm (0.060”) diameter All pins are copper with Tin plating 11 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 MECHANICAL DRAWING (WITH HEATSPREADER) 12 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM Q Form Factor Q - Quarter Brick 48 S Input Number of Voltage Outputs 48V S - Single P 120 17 N R Product Series Output Voltage Output Current ON/OFF Logic Pin Length 18A N - Negative P - Positive R - 0.170” N - 0.145” K - 0.110” 18A 120- 12V F A Option Code F- RoHS 6/6 (Lead Free) A - Std. Functions with case pin B - Without case pin H - With heatspreader and case pin MODEL LIST MODEL NAME Q48SP12017NRFA INPUT 36V~75V OUTPUT 7A 12V EFF @ 100% LOAD 18A 92.5% CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Telephone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 x6220 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice. 13 DS_Q48SP12017_01162007