ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8-BIT MCU WITH SINGLE VOLTAGE FLASH MEMORY, ADC, 16-BIT TIMERS, SPI, SCI INTERFACES PRODUCT PREVIEW ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 8K or 16K Program memory (ROM or Single voltage FLASH) with read-out protection 256-bytes EEPROM Data memory In-Situ Programming (Remote ISP) Enhanced Reset System Low voltage supply supervisor with 3 programmable levels Low consumption resonator or RC oscillators and by-pass for external clock source, with safe control capabilities 4 Power saving modes Standard Interrupt Controller 44 or 32 multifunctional bidirectional I/O lines: – External interrupt capability (4 vectors) – 21 or 19 alternate function lines – 12 or 8 high sink outputs Real time base, Beep and Clock-out capabilities Configurable watchdog reset Two 16-bit timers with: – 2 input captures (only one on timer A) – 2 output compares (only one on timer A) – External clock input on timer A – PWM and Pulse generator modes SPI synchronous serial interface SCI asynchronous serial interface 8-bit ADC with 8 input pins (6 only on ST72334Jx, not available on ST72124J2) PSDIP56 PSDIP42 TQFP64 14 x 14 TQFP44 10 x 10 ■ 8-bit data manipulation 63 basic instructions 17 main addressing modes 8 x 8 unsigned multiply instruction True bit manipulation ■ Full hardware/software development package ■ ■ ■ ■ Device Summary Features Program memory - bytes RAM (stack) - bytes EEPROM - bytes Peripherals Operating Supply CPU Frequency Operating Temperature Packages ST72124J2 ST72314J2 ST72314J4 ST72314N2 ST72314N4 ST72334J2 ST72334J4 ST72334N2 ST72334N4 8K 384 (256) Watchdog, 16-bit Timers, SPI, SCI 8K 384 (256) - 16K 512 (256) - TQFP44 / SDIP42 8K 384 (256) - 16K 512 (256) - 8K 384 (256) 256 16K 512 (256) 256 8K 384 (256) 256 16K 512 (256) 256 Watchdog, 16-bit Timers, SPI, SCI, ADC 3.0V to 5.5V 500 kHz to 8 MHz (with 1 to 16 MHz oscillator) -40°C to +85°C (-40°C to +105/125°C optional) TQFP64 / SDIP56 TQFP44 / SDIP42 TQFP64 / SDIP56 Rev. 1.0 September 1999 This is preliminary information on a new product in development or undergoing evaluation. Details are subject to change without notice. 1/125 1 Table of Contents 1 PREAMBLE: ST72C334 VERSUS ST72E331 SPECIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 PIN DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6 6 7 2.3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.2 Main features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.3 Structural organisation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4.4 In-Situ Programming (ISP) mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 PROGRAM MEMORY READ-OUT PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 16 16 16 16 2.6 DATA EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.3 Memory Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.4 Data EEPROM and Power Saving Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.5 Data EEPROM Access Error Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6.6 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 17 17 18 19 19 20 21 21 3.2 MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 CPU REGISTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 4.1 LOW VOLTAGE DETECTOR (LVD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.2 RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.3 CLOCK SECURITY SYSTEM (CSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.1 Clock Filter Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.2 Safe Oscillator Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 MAIN CLOCK CONTROLLER (MCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 32 32 33 34 5 INTERRUPTS & POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.1 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.2 POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.2 HALT Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.3 WAIT Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2.4 SLOW Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1 I/O PORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.3 I/O Port Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1.4 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 .... 6.2 MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 38 40 41 42 42 42 42 44 45 47 6.2.1 I/O Port Interrupt Sensitivity Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2/125 2 Table of Contents 6.2.2 I/O Port Alternate Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2.3 Miscellaneous Registers Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WATCHDOG TIMER (WDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.4 Hardware Watchdog Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.5 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.6 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3.7 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-BIT TIMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.4 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.5 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4.6 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.3 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.4 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.5 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.6 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5.7 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (SCI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 48 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 51 53 53 53 53 64 64 65 70 70 70 70 72 79 79 80 83 6.6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.3 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.4 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.5 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.6 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.6.7 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.2 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.4 Low Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.5 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7.6 Register Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 INSTRUCTION SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 83 83 85 90 90 91 95 95 95 95 96 96 97 99 99 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 Inherent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Immediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indexed (No Offset, Short, Long) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indirect (Short, Long) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indirect Indexed (Short, Long) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 100 100 100 100 101 3/125 3 Table of Contents 7.1.7 Relative mode (Direct, Indirect) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 8 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 8.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 8.2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 8.3 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 8.4 GENERAL TIMING CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 8.5 I/O PORT CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8.6 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 8.6.1 Supply Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6.2 Reset Sequence Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6.3 Multi-Oscillator, Clock Security System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 109 109 111 9 GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 9.1 PACKAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 9.1.1 Package Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1.2 User-supplied TQFP64 Adaptor / Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1.3 User-supplied TQFP44 Adaptor / Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AND ORDERING INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 119 120 121 9.2.1 Option Bytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 9.2.2 Transfer Of Customer Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10 SUMMARY OF CHANGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 125 4/125 Table of Contents 1 PREAMBLE: ST72C334 VERSUS ST72E331 SPECIFICATION New Features available on the ST72C334 ■ 8 or 16K FLASH/ROM with In-Situ Programming and Read-out protection ■ New ADC with a better accuracy and conversion time ■ New configurable Clock, Reset and Supply system ■ New power saving mode with real time base: Active Halt ■ Beep capability on PF1 ■ New interrupt source: Clock security system (CSS) or Main clock controller (MCC) ST72C334 I/O Confuguration and Pinout ■ Same pinout as ST72E331 ■ PA6 and PA7 are true open drain I/O ports without pull-up (same as ST72E331) ■ PA3, PB3, PB4 and PF2 have no pull-up configuration (all IOs present on TQFP44) ■ PA5:4, PC3:2, PE7:4 and PF7:6 have high sink capabilities (20mA on N-buffer, 2mA on P-buffer and pull-up). On the ST72E331, all these pads (except PA5:4) were 2mA push-pull pad without high sink capabilities. PA4 and PA5 were 20mA true open drain. New Memory Locations in ST72C334 ■ 20h: MISCR register becomes MISCR1 register (naming change) ■ 29h: new control/status register for the MCC module ■ 2Bh: new control/status register for the Clock, Reset and Supply control. This register replaces the WDGSR register keeping the WDOGF flag compatibility. ■ 40h: new MISCR2 register 5/125 4 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION The ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N and ST72124J devices are members of the ST7 microcontroller family. They can be grouped as follows: – ST72334J/N devices are designed for mid-range applications with Data EEPROM, ADC, SPI and SCI interface capabilities. – ST72314J/N devices target the same range of applications but without Data EEPROM. – ST72124J devices are for applications that do not need Data EEPROM and the ADC peripheral. All devices are based on a common industrystandard 8-bit core, featuring an enhanced instruction set. The ST72C334J/N, ST72C314J/N and ST72C124J versions feature single-voltage FLASH memory with byte-by-byte In-Situ Programming (ISP) capability. Under software control, all devices can be placed in WAIT, SLOW, ACTIVE-HALT or HALT mode, reducing power consumption when the application is in idle or standby state. The enhanced instruction set and addressing modes of the ST7 offer both power and flexibility to software developers, enabling the design of highly efficient and compact application code. In addition to standard 8-bit data management, all ST7 microcontrollers feature true bit manipulation, 8x8 unsigned multiplication and indirect addressing modes. Figure 1. Device Block Diagram OSC1 OSC2 VSS VDD PD7:0 (8 bits for N versions) (6 bits for J versions) MULTI OSC + CLOCK FILTER PORT A PA7:0 (8 bits for N versions) (5 bits for J versions) POWER SUPPLY PORT B PB7:0 (8 bits for N versions) (5 bits for J versions) PORT D TIMER B 8-BIT ADC PORT C VDDA VPP/TES T CONTROL AND LVD 8-BIT CORE ALU ADDRESS AND DATA BUS VSSA RESET Internal CLOCK SPI PORT F TIMER A Data-EEPROM (256 Bytes) PF7,6,4,2:0 (6 bits) PORT E SCI PROGRAM MEMORY (8 or 16K Bytes) PC7:0 (8 bits) PE7:0 (6 bits for N versions) (2 bits for J versions) WATCH DOG RAM (384 or 512 Bytes) 6/125 5 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 2.2 PIN DESCRIPTION PA5 (HS) PA4 (HS) PA6 (HS) ISPSEL PA7 (HS) RESET NC NC VSS_2 VDD_2 OSC1 OSC2 PE1 / RDI PE0 / TDO EI2 9 10 11 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 EI3 VSS_1 VDD_1 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 PC7 / SS PC6 / SCK / ISPCLK PC5 / MOSI PC4 / MISO / ISPDATA PC3 (HS) / ICAP1_B PC2 (HS) / ICAP2_B PC1 / OCMP1_B PC0 / OCMP2_B VSS_0 VDD_0 EXTCLK_A / (HS) PF7 ICAP1_A / (HS) PF6 OCMP1_A / PF4 NC NC BEEP / PF1 PF2 38 37 12 36 13 35 14 EI1 34 15 33 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 AIN4 / PD4 AIN2 / PD2 AIN3 / PD3 EI0 VSS_3 MCO / PF0 PB7 AIN0 / PD0 AIN1 / PD1 4 5 6 7 8 VSSA VDD_3 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 3 VDDA PB1 PB2 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 2 1 AIN6 / PD6 AIN7 / PD7 PE4 PE5 PE6 PE7 PB0 AIN5 / PD5 (HS) (HS) (HS) (HS) NC NC Figure 2. 64-Pin TQFP Package Pinout (N versions) 7/125 6 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont’d) Figure 3. 56-Pin SDIP Package Pinout (N versions) 8/125 PB4 PB5 1 56 2 55 PB3 PB2 PB6 3 54 PB1 PB7 4 53 AIN0 / PD0 52 PB0 PE7 (HS) AIN1 / PD1 5 6 51 PE6 (HS) AIN2 / PD2 7 50 PE5 (HS) AIN3 / PD3 8 49 PE4 (HS) AIN4 / PD4 AIN5 / PD5 AIN6 / PD6 9 48 10 47 PE1 / RDI PE0 / TDO 11 46 VDD_2 AIN7 / PD7 12 45 OSC1 VDDA VSSA 13 44 OSC2 43 VSS_2 42 RESET 41 40 ISPSEL 39 38 PA6 (HS)I PA5 (HS) EI3 EI2 MCO / PF0 14 15 BEEP / PF1 16 PF2 17 OCMP1_A / PF4 ICAP1_A / (HS) PF6 18 EXTCLK_A / (HS) PF7 20 VDD_0 VSS_0 21 37 36 OCMP2_B / PC0 22 23 35 34 OCMP1_B / PC1 24 PA2 ICAP2_B / (HS) PC2 25 33 32 ICAP1_B / (HS) PC3 ISPDATA/ MISO / PC4 26 27 31 30 PA0 PC7 / SS MOSI / PC5 28 29 PC6 / SCK / ISPCLK EI1 19 EI0 PA7 (HS) PA4 (HS) VSS_1 VDD_1 PA3 PA1 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont’d) PE1 / RDI 1 PB0 PB1 PB2 PB3 2 3 PA5 (HS) PA7 (HS) PA6 (HS) ISPSEL VSS_2 RESET OSC2 PA4 (HS) 32 31 30 29 EI3 PB4 AIN0 / PD0 AIN1 / PD1 1 AIN2 / PD2 AIN3 / PD3 4 5 AIN4 / PD4 AIN5 / PD5 VSS_1 VDD_1 PA3 PC7 / SS PC6 / SCK / ISPCLK PC5 / MOSI PC4 / MISO / ISPDATA PC3 (HS) / ICAP1_B PC2 (HS) / ICAP2_B PC1 / OCMP1_B PC0 / OCMP2_B VSS_0 VDD_0 OCMP1_A / PF4 EI3 ICAP1_A / (HS) PF6 EXTCLK_A / (HS) PF7 28 27 26 9 25 EI1 10 24 11 23 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 MCO / PF0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 EI0 EI2 4 5 6 7 8 AIN5 / PD5 VDDA VSSA AIN1 / AIN2 / AIN3 / AIN4 / 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 BEEP / PF1 PF2 PB4 AIN0 / PD0 VDD_2 OSC1 PE0 / TDO Figure 4. 44-Pin TQFP and 42-Pin SDIP Package Pinouts (J versions) 42 41 PB3 PB2 40 PB1 39 38 PB0 PE1 / RDI 6 37 PE0 / TDO 36 VDD_2 VDDA 7 8 35 OSC1 VSSA 9 34 OSC2 MCO / PF0 BEEP / PF1 10 33 VSS_2 32 RESET PF2 12 31 ISPSEL OCMP1_A / PF4 13 30 ICAP1_A / (HS) PF6 14 29 PA7 (HS) PA6 (HS) EXTCLK_A / (HS) PF7 OCMP2_B / PC0 15 28 PA5 (HS) 16 27 PA4 (HS) OCMP1_B / PC1 17 26 VSS_1 ICAP2_B/ (HS) PC2 25 VDD_1 ICAP1_B / (HS) PC3 18 19 24 PA3 ISPDATA / MISO / PC4 20 23 PC7 / SS MOSI / PC5 21 22 PC6 / SCK / ISPCLK 2 EI2 3 11 EI1 EI0 9/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont’d) Legend / Abbreviations: Type: I = input, O = output, S = supply Input level: A = Dedicated analog input In/Output level: C = CMOS 0.3VDD/0.7VDD, CT= CMOS 0.3VDD/0.7VDD with input trigger Output level: HS = high sink (on N-buffer only), Port configuration capabilities: – Input: float = floating, wpu = weak pull-up, int = interrupt, ana = analog – Output: OD = open drain, T = true open drain, PP = push-pull Note: the Reset configuration of each pin is shown in bold. Table 1. Device Pin Description Level Port OD PP X X Port E4 2 50 PE5 (HS) I/O CT HS X X X X Port E5 3 51 PE6 (HS) I/O CT HS X X X X Port E6 4 52 PE7 (HS) X ana X int X Pin Name Input I/O CT HS SDIP42 PE4 (HS) QFP44 1 49 SDIP56 wpu Main Output function (after reset) float Input Output Type TQFP64 Pin n° I/O CT HS X X X Port E7 5 53 2 39 PB0 I/O CT X EI2 X X Port B0 6 54 3 40 PB1 I/O CT X EI2 X X Port B1 7 55 4 41 PB2 I/O CT X EI2 8 56 5 42 PB3 I/O CT X X X Port B2 EI2 X X Port B3 EI3 Alternate function 9 1 6 1 PB4 I/O CT X X X Port B4 10 2 PB5 I/O CT X EI3 X X Port B5 11 3 PB6 I/O CT X EI3 X X Port B6 12 4 PB7 I/O CT X EI3 X X Port B7 13 5 7 2 PD0/AIN0 I/O CT X X X X X Port D0 ADC Analog Input 0 14 6 8 3 PD1/AIN1 I/O CT X X X X X Port D1 ADC Analog Input 1 15 7 9 4 PD2/AIN2 I/O CT X X X X X Port D2 ADC Analog Input 2 16 8 10 5 PD3/AIN3 I/O CT X X X X X Port D3 ADC Analog Input 3 17 9 11 6 PD4/AIN4 I/O CT X X X X X Port D4 ADC Analog Input 4 18 10 12 7 PD5/AIN5 I/O CT X X X X X Port D5 ADC Analog Input 5 19 11 PD6/AIN6 I/O CT X X X X X Port D6 ADC Analog Input 6 20 12 PD7/AIN7 I/O CT X X X X X Port D7 ADC Analog Input 7 21 13 13 8 VDDA 22 14 14 9 VSSA S Analog Power Supply Voltage S Analog Ground Voltage 23 VDD_3 S Digital Main Supply Voltage 24 VSS_3 S Digital Ground Voltage 25 15 15 10 PF0/MCO I/O CT X EI1 X X Port F0 Main clock output (fOSC/2) 26 16 16 11 PF1/BEEP I/O CT X EI1 X X Port F1 Beep signal output 27 17 17 12 PF2 I/O CT X X X Port F2 28 10/125 NC EI1 Not Connected ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 30 PP X NC Main Output function (after reset) OD X int wpu CT Port Input float Output Input SDIP42 QFP44 I/O SDIP56 29 18 18 13 PF4/OCMP1_A TQFP64 Pin Name Type Level ana Pin n° X X Port F4 Alternate function Timer A Output Compare 1 Not Connected I/O CT HS X X X X Port F6 Timer A Input Capture 1 32 20 20 15 PF7 (HS)/EXTCLK_A I/O CT HS X X X X Port F7 Timer A External Clock Source 31 19 19 14 PF6 (HS)/ICAP1_A 33 21 21 VDD_0 S Digital Main Supply Voltage 34 22 22 VSS_0 S Digital Ground Voltage 35 23 23 16 PC0/OCMP2_B I/O CT X X X X Port C0 Timer B Output Compare 2 36 24 24 17 PC1/OCMP1_B I/O CT X X X X Port C1 Timer B Output Compare 1 37 25 25 18 PC2 (HS)/ICAP2_B I/O CT HS X X X X Port C2 Timer B Input Capture 2 38 26 26 19 PC3 (HS)/ICAP1_B I/O CT HS X X X X Port C3 Timer B Input Capture 1 39 27 27 20 PC4/MISO I/O CT X X X X Port C4 SPI Master In / Slave Out Data 40 28 28 21 PC5/MOSI I/O CT X X X X Port C5 SPI Master Out / Slave In Data 41 29 29 22 PC6/SCK I/O CT X X X X Port C6 SPI Serial Clock X 42 30 30 23 PC7/SS I/O CT X X X Port C7 SPI Slave Select (active low) 43 31 PA0 I/O CT X EI0 X X Port A0 44 32 PA1 I/O CT X EI0 X X Port A1 45 33 PA2 I/O CT X EI0 X X Port A2 46 34 31 24 PA3 I/O CT X X X Port A3 EI0 47 35 32 25 VDD_1 S Digital Main Supply Voltage 48 36 33 26 VSS_1 49 37 34 27 PA4 (HS) S Digital Ground Voltage I/O CT HS X X X X Port A4 50 38 35 28 PA5 (HS) I/O CT HS X X X X Port A5 51 39 36 29 PA6 (HS) I/O CT HS X T Port A6 52 40 37 30 PA7 (HS) I/O CT HS X T Port A7 53 41 38 31 ISPSEL I 54 42 39 32 RESET I/O 55 NC 56 NC 57 43 40 33 VSS_3 Must be tied low in user mode. In programming mode when available, this pin acts as In-Situ Programming mode selection. C X X Not Connected S Digital Ground Voltage 58 44 41 34 OSC2 These pins connect a parallel-resonant crystal or an external clock source to the on-chip main oscillator. 59 45 42 35 OSC1 60 46 43 36 VDD_3 Top priority non maskable interrupt (active low) S Digital Main Supply Voltage 61 47 44 37 PE0/TDO I/O CT X X X X Port E0 SCI Transmit Data Out 62 48 1 38 PE1/RDI I/O CT X X X X Port E1 SCI Receive Data In 63 NC 64 NC Not Connected 11/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 2.3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP As shown in the Figure 5, the MCU is capable of addressing 64K bytes of memories and I/O registers. The available memory locations consist of 128 bytes of register locations, 384 or 512 bytes of RAM, up to 256 bytes of data EEPROM and 4 or 8 Kbytes of user program memory. The RAM space includes up to 256 bytes for the stack from 0100h to 01FFh. The highest address bytes contain the user reset and interrupt vectors. Figure 5. Memory Map 0000h HW Registers (see Table 2) Short Addressing RAM (zero page) 00FFh 007Fh 0080h 0100h 384 Bytes RAM 01FFh 027Fh 0080h 256 Bytes Stack or 16-bit Addressing RAM 01FFh 512 Bytes RAM 0200h / 0280h Reserved 0BFFh 0C00h 0CFFh 0D00h 0080h 00FFh 256 Bytes Data EEPROM 0100h 256 Bytes Stack or Reserved BFFFh 16-bit Addressing RAM C000h E000h FFDFh FFE0h FFFFh 12/125 Short Addressing RAM (zero page) 8K Bytes Program Memory 16K Bytes Program Memory Interrupt & Reset Vectors (see Table 6 page 37) 01FFh 0200h 027Fh 16-bit Addressing RAM ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J REGISTER & MEMORY MAP (Cont’d) Table 2. Hardware Register Map Address Block 0000h 0001h 0002h Port A Register Label PADR PADDR PAOR 0003h 0004h 0005h 0006h Port C PCDR PCDDR PCOR Port B PBDR PBDDR PBOR Port E PEDR PEDDR PEOR Port D PDDR PDDDR PDOR Port F 00h 00h 00h R/W R/W R/W Port B Data Register Port B Data Direction Register Port B Option Register 00h 00h 00h R/W R/W 00h 00h 00h R/W R/W R/W 1) 00h 00h 00h R/W R/W R/W 1) 00h 00h 00h R/W R/W R/W R/W 1) Port E Data Register Port E Data Direction Register Port E Option Register Port D Data Register Port D Data Direction Register Port D Option Register PFDR PFDDR PFOR Port F Data Register Port F Data Direction Register Port F Option Register Reserved Area (9 Bytes) 0020h SPI MISCR1 Miscellaneous Register 1 00h R/W SPIDR SPICR SPISR SPI Data I/O Register SPI Control Register SPI Status Register xxh 0xh 00h R/W R/W Read Only 01h R/W 0024h to 0028h 0029h Port C Data Register Port C Data Direction Register Port C Option Register Reserved Area (1 Byte) 0017h to 001Fh 0021h 0022h 0023h R/W R/W R/W 1) Reserved Area (1 Byte) 0013h 0014h 0015h 0016h 00h 00h 00h Reserved Area (1 Byte) 000Fh 0010h 0011h 0012h Remarks Reserved Area (1 Byte) 000Bh 000Ch 000Dh 000Eh Port A Data Register Port A Data Direction Register Port A Option Register Reset Status Reserved Area (1 Byte) 0007h 0008h 0009h 000Ah Register Name Reserved Area (5 Bytes) MCC MCCSR Main Clock Control / Status Register 13/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J Address Block 002Ah WATCHDOG 002Bh 002Ch Data-EEPROM Register Label Register Name Remarks WDGCR Watchdog Control Register 7Fh R/W CRSR Clock, Reset, Supply Control / Status Register 00h R/W EECSR Data-EEPROM Control/Status Register 00h R/W 00h 00h xxh xxh xxh 80h 00h FFh FCh FFh FCh xxh xxh 80h 00h R/W R/W Read Only Read Only Read Only R/W R/W Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only 2) Read Only 2) R/W 2) R/W 2) 002Dh 0030h 0031h 0032h 0033h 0034h 0035h 0036h 0037h 0038h 0039h 003Ah 003Bh 003Ch 003Dh 003Eh 003Fh Reset Status Reserved Area (4 Bytes) TACR2 TACR1 TASR TAIC1HR TAIC1LR TAOC1HR TAOC1LR TACHR TACLR TAACHR TAACLR TAIC2HR TAIC2LR TAOC2HR TAOC2LR Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer 0040h MISCR2 Miscellaneous Register 2 00h R/W 0041h 0042h 0043h 0044h 0045h 0046h 0047h 0048h 0049h 004Ah 004Bh 004Ch 004Dh 004Eh 004Fh TBCR2 TBCR1 TBSR TBIC1HR TBIC1LR TBOC1HR TBOC1LR TBCHR TBCLR TBACHR TBACLR TBIC2HR TBIC2LR TBOC2HR TBOC2LR Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer Timer 00h 00h xxh xxh xxh 80h 00h FFh FCh FFh FCh xxh xxh 80h 00h R/W R/W Read Read Read R/W R/W Read Read Read Read Read Read R/W R/W SCISR SCIDR SCIBRR SCICR1 SCICR2 SCIERPR SCI Status Register SCI Data Register SCI Baud Rate Register SCI Control Register 1 SCI Control Register 2 SCI Extended Receive Prescaler Register Reserved area SCI Extended Transmit Prescaler Register 0050h 0051h 0052h 0053h 0054h 0055h 0056h 0057h 14/125 TIMER A TIMER B SCI SCIETPR A Control Register 2 A Control Register 1 A Status Register A Input Capture 1 High Register A Input Capture 1 Low Register A Output Compare 1 High Register A Output Compare 1 Low Register A Counter High Register A Counter Low Register A Alternate Counter High Register A Alternate Counter Low Register A Input Capture 2 High Register A Input Capture 2 Low Register A Output Compare 2 High Register A Output Compare 2 Low Register B Control Register 2 B Control Register 1 B Status Register B Input Capture 1 High Register B Input Capture 1 Low Register B Output Compare 1 High Register B Output Compare 1 Low Register B Counter High Register B Counter Low Register B Alternate Counter High Register B Alternate Counter Low Register B Input Capture 2 High Register B Input Capture 2 Low Register B Output Compare 2 High Register B Output Compare 2 Low Register C0h xxh 00xx xxxx xxh 00h 00h --00h Only Only Only Only Only Only Only Only Only Read Only R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J Address Block Register Label 0058h 006Fh 0070h 0071h 0072h to 007Fh Register Name Reset Status Remarks Reserved Area (24 Bytes) ADC ADCDR ADCCSR Data Register Control/Status Register xxh 00h Read Only R/W Reserved Area (14 Bytes) Notes: 1) The bits corresponding to unavailable pins are forced to 1 by hardware, this affects the reset status value. 2) External pin not available. 3) Not used in versions without Low Voltage Detector Reset. 15/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 2.4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY Remote ISP Overview The Remote ISP mode is initiated by a specific sequence on the dedicated ISPSEL pin. The Remote ISP is performed in three steps: – Selection of the RAM execution mode – Download of Remote ISP code in RAM – Execution of Remote ISP code in RAM to program the user program into the FLASH Remote ISP hardware configuration In Remote ISP mode, the ST7 has to be supplied with power (VDD and VSS) and a clock signal (oscillator and application crystal circuit for example). This mode needs five signals (plus the VDD signal if necessary) to be connected to the programming tool. This signals are: – RESET: device reset – VSS: device ground power supply – ISPCLK: ISP output serial clock pin – ISPDATA: ISP input serial data pin – ISPSEL: Remote ISP mode selection. This pin must be connected to VSS on the application board If any of these pins are used for other purposes on the application, a serial resistor has to be implemented to avoid a conflict if the other device forces the signal level. Figure 6 shows a typical hardware interface to a standard ST7 programming tool. For more details on the pin locations, refer to the device pinout description. Figure 6. Typical Remote ISP Interface HE10 CONNECTOR TYPE TO PROGRAMMING TOOL XTAL 1 OSC1 VDD CL1 CL0 OSC2 2.4.1 Introduction Flash devices have a single voltage non-volatile FLASH memory that may be programmed in-situ (or plugged in a programming tool) on a byte-bybyte basis. 2.4.2 Main features ■ Remote In-Situ Programming (ISP) mode ■ Up to 16 bytes programmed in the same cycle ■ MTP memory (Multiple Time Programmable) ■ Read-out memory protection against piracy 2.4.3 Structural organisation The FLASH program memory is organised in a single 8-bit wide memory block which can be used for storing both code and data constants. The FLASH program memory is mapped in the upper part of the ST7 addressing space (F000hFFFFh) and includes the reset and interrupt user vector area . 2.4.4 In-Situ Programming (ISP) mode The FLASH program memory can be programmed using Remote ISP mode. This ISP mode allows the contents of the ST7 program memory to be updated using a standard ST7 programming tools after the device is mounted on the application board. This feature can be implemented with a minimum number of added components and board area impact. An example Remote ISP hardware interface to the standard ST7 programming tool is described below. For more details on ISP programming, refer to the ST7 Programming Specification. ISPSEL 10kΩ VSS RESET ST7 ISPCLK ISPDATA 4.7kΩ APPLICATION 2.5 Program Memory Read-out Protection The read-out protection is enabled through an option bit. For FLASH devices, when this option is selected, the program and data stored in the FLASH memory are protected against read-out piracy (including a re-write protection). When this protection option is removed the entire FLASH program memory is first automatically erased. 1 16/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 2.6 DATA EEPROM 2.6.1 Introduction The Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory can be used as a non volatile backup for storing data. Using the EEPROM requires a basic access protocol described in this chapter. 2.6.2 Main Features ■ Up to 16 Bytes programmed in the same cycle ■ EEPROM mono-voltage (charge pump) ■ Chained erase and programming cycles ■ Internal control of the global programming cycle duration ■ End of programming cycle interrupt flag ■ WAIT mode management Figure 7. EEPROM Block Diagram FALLING EDGE DETECTOR EEPROM INTERRUPT HIGH VOLTAGE PUMP RESERVED EECSR 0 0 0 0 ADDRESS DECODER EEPROM 0 IE 4 LAT PGM EEPROM ROW MEMORY MATRIX DECODER (1 ROW = 16 x 8 BITS) 128 4 128 DATA 16 x 8 BITS MULTIPLEXER DATA LATCHES 4 ADDRESS BUS DATA BUS 17/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 2.6.3 Memory Access The Data EEPROM memory read/write access modes are controlled by the LAT bit of the EEPROM Control/Status register (EECSR). The flowchart in Figure 8 describes these different memory access modes. Read Operation (LAT=0) The EEPROM can be read as a normal ROM location when the LAT bit of the EECSR register is cleared. In a read cycle, the byte to be accessed is put on the data bus in less than 1 CPU clock cycle. This means that reading data from EEPROM takes the same time as reading data from EPROM, but this memory cannot be used to execute machine code. Write Operation (LAT=1) To access the write mode, the LAT bit has to be set by software (the PGM bit remains cleared). When a write access to the EEPROM area occurs, the value is latched inside the 16 data latches according to its address. When PGM bit is set by the software, all the previous bytes written in the data latches (up to 16) are programmed in the EEPROM cells. The effective high address (row) is determined by the last EEPROM write sequence. To avoid wrong programming, the user must take care that all the bytes written between two programming sequences have the same high address: only the four Least Significant Bits of the address can change. At the end of the programming cycle, the PGM and LAT bits are cleared simultaneously, and an interrupt is generated if the IE bit is set. The Data EEPROM interrupt request is cleared by hardware when the Data EEPROM interrupt vector is fetched. Note: Care should be taken during the programming cycle. Writing to the same memory location will over-program the memory (logical AND between the two write access data result) because the data latches are only cleared at the end of the programming cycle and by the falling edge of LAT bit. It is not possible to read the latched data. This note is ilustrated by the Figure 9. Figure 8. Data EEPROM Programming Flowchart READ MODE LAT=0 PGM=0 READ BYTES IN EEPROM AREA WRITE MODE LAT=1 PGM=0 WRITE UP TO 16 BYTES IN EEPROM AREA (with the same 12 MSB of the address) START PROGRAMMING CYCLE LAT=1 PGM=1 (set by software) INTERRUPT GENERATION IF IE=1 CLEARED BY HARDWARE 18/125 0 LAT 1 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 2.6.4 Data EEPROM and Power Saving Modes Wait mode The DATA EEPROM can enter WAIT mode on execution of the WFI instruction of the microcontroller. The DATA EEPROM will immediately enter this mode if there is no programming in progress, otherwise the DATA EEPROM will finish the cycle and then enter WAIT mode. 2.6.5 Data EEPROM Access Error Handling If a read access occurs while LAT=1, then the data bus will not be driven. If a write access occurs while LAT=0, then the data on the bus will not be latched. If a programming cycle is interrupted (by software/ RESET action), the memory data will not be guaranteed. Halt mode The DATA EEPROM immediatly enters HALT mode if the microcontroller executes the HALT instruction. Therefore the EEPROM will stop the function in progress, and data may be corrupted. Figure 9. Data EEPROM Programming Cycle READ OPERATION NOT POSSIBLE READ OPERATION POSSIBLE INTERNAL PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE ERASE CYCLE WRITE OF DATA LATCHES WRITE CYCLE t PROG LAT PGM EEPROM INTERRUPT 19/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J DATA EEPROM (Cont’d) 2.6.6 Register Description CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (CSR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 IE LAT PGM Bit 7:3 = Reserved, forced by hardware to 0. Bit 2 = IE Interrupt enable This bit is set and cleared by software. It enables the Data EEPROM interrupt capability when the PGM bit is cleared by hardware. The interrupt request is automatically cleared when the software enters the interrupt routine. 0: Interrupt disabled 1: Interrupt enabled Bit 1 = LAT Latch Access Transfer This bit is set by software. It is cleared by hardware at the end of the programming cycle. It can only be cleared by software if PGM bit is cleared. 0: Read mode 1: Write mode Bit 0 = PGM Programming control and status This bit is set by software to begin the programming cycle. At the end of the programming cycle, this bit is clearedby hardware and an interrupt is generated if the ITE bit is set. 0: Programming finished or not yet started 1: Programming cycle is in progress Note: if the PGM bit is cleared during the programming cycle, the memory data is not guaranteed. Table 3. DATA EEPROM Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 002Ch 20/125 Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 IE 0 RWM 0 PGM 0 EECSR Reset Value ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 3 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 3.1 INTRODUCTION This CPU has a full 8-bit architecture and contains six internal registers allowing efficient 8-bit data manipulation. 3.2 MAIN FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 63 basic instructions Fast 8-bit by 8-bit multiply 17 main addressing modes Two 8-bit index registers 16-bit stack pointer Low power modes Maskable hardware interrupts Non-maskable software interrupt 3.3 CPU REGISTERS The 6 CPU registers shown in Figure 10 are not present in the memory mapping and are accessed by specific instructions. Accumulator (A) The Accumulator is an 8-bit general purpose register used to hold operands and the results of the arithmetic and logic calculations and to manipulate data. Index Registers (X and Y) In indexed addressing modes, these 8-bit registers are used to create either effective addresses or temporary storage areas for data manipulation. (The Cross-Assembler generates a precede instruction (PRE) to indicate that the following instruction refers to the Y register.) The Y register is not affected by the interrupt automatic procedures (not pushed to and popped from the stack). Program Counter (PC) The program counter is a 16-bit register containing the address of the next instruction to be executed by the CPU. It is made of two 8-bit registers PCL (Program Counter Low which is the LSB) and PCH (Program Counter High which is the MSB). Figure 10. CPU Registers 7 0 ACCUMULATOR RESET VALUE = XXh 7 0 X INDEX REGISTER RESET VALUE = XXh 7 0 Y INDEX REGISTER RESET VALUE = XXh 15 PCH 8 7 PCL 0 PROGRAM COUNTER RESET VALUE = RESET VECTOR @ FFFEh-FFFFh 7 1 1 1 H I 0 N Z C CONDITIO N CODE REGISTER RESET VALUE = 1 1 1 X 1 X X X 15 8 7 0 STACK POINTER RESET VALUE = STACK HIGHER ADDRESS X = Undefined Value 21/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (Cont’d) CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CC) Read/Write Reset Value: 111x1xxx 7 1 0 1 1 H I N Z C The 8-bit Condition Code register contains the interrupt mask and four flags representative of the result of the instruction just executed. This register can also be handled by the PUSH and POP instructions. These bits can be individually tested and/or controlled by specific instructions. Bit 4 = H Half carry. This bit is set by hardware when a carry occurs between bits 3 and 4 of the ALU during an ADD or ADC instruction. It is reset by hardware during the same instructions. 0: No half carry has occurred. 1: A half carry has occurred. This bit is tested using the JRH or JRNH instruction. The H bit is useful in BCD arithmetic subroutines. Bit 3 = I Interrupt mask. This bit is set by hardware when entering in interrupt or by software to disable all interrupts except the TRAP software interrupt. This bit is cleared by software. 0: Interrupts are enabled. 1: Interrupts are disabled. This bit is controlled by the RIM, SIM and IRET instructions and is tested by the JRM and JRNM instructions. Note: Interrupts requested while I is set are latched and can be processed when I is cleared. By default an interrupt routine is not interruptable because the I bit is set by hardware when you enter it and reset by the IRET instruction at the end of the interrupt routine. If the I bit is cleared by software in the interrupt routine, pending interrupts are serviced regardless of the priority level of the current interrupt routine. 22/125 Bit 2 = N Negative. This bit is set and cleared by hardware. It is representative of the result sign of the last arithmetic, logical or data manipulation. It is a copy of the 7th bit of the result. 0: The result of the last operation is positive or null. 1: The result of the last operation is negative (i.e. the most significant bit is a logic 1). This bit is accessed by the JRMI and JRPL instructions. Bit 1 = Z Zero. This bit is set and cleared by hardware. This bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical or data manipulation is zero. 0: The result of the last operation is different from zero. 1: The result of the last operation is zero. This bit is accessed by the JREQ and JRNE test instructions. Bit 0 = C Carry/borrow. This bit is set and cleared by hardware and software. It indicates an overflow or an underflow has occurred during the last arithmetic operation. 0: No overflow or underflow has occurred. 1: An overflow or underflow has occurred. This bit is driven by the SCF and RCF instructions and tested by the JRC and JRNC instructions. It is also affected by the “bit test and branch”, shift and rotate instructions. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (Cont’d) Stack Pointer (SP) Read/Write Reset Value: 01 FFh 15 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 SP7 1 0 SP6 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0 The Stack Pointer is a 16-bit register which is always pointing to the next free location in the stack. It is then decremented after data has been pushed onto the stack and incremented before data is popped from the stack (see Figure 11). Since the stack is 256 bytes deep, the 8th most significant bits are forced by hardware. Following an MCU Reset, or after a Reset Stack Pointer instruction (RSP), the Stack Pointer contains its reset value (the SP7 to SP0 bits are set) which is the stack higher address. The least significant byte of the Stack Pointer (called S) can be directly accessed by a LD instruction. Note: When the lower limit is exceeded, the Stack Pointer wraps around to the stack upper limit, without indicating the stack overflow. The previously stored information is then overwritten and therefore lost. The stack also wraps in case of an underflow. The stack is used to save the return address during a subroutine call and the CPU context during an interrupt. The user may also directly manipulate the stack by means of the PUSH and POP instructions. In the case of an interrupt, the PCL is stored at the first location pointed to by the SP. Then the other registers are stored in the next locations as shown in Figure 11. – When an interrupt is received, the SP is decremented and the context is pushed on the stack. – On return from interrupt, the SP is incremented and the context is popped from the stack. A subroutine call occupies two locations and an interrupt five locations in the stack area. Figure 11. Stack Manipulation Example CALL Subroutine PUSH Y Interrupt Event POP Y RET or RSP IRET @ 0100h SP SP CC A X X X PCH PCH PCH PCL PCL PCL PCH PCH PCH PCH PCH PCL PCL PCL PCL PCL SP @ 01FFh SP Y CC A CC A SP SP Stack Higher Address = 01FFh Stack Lower Address = 0100h 23/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT The ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N and ST72124J microcontrollers include a range of utility features for securing the application in critical situations (for example in case of a power brown-out), and reducing the number of external components. An overview is shown in Figure 12. ■ ■ ■ Main Features ■ Supply Manager with Main supply Low voltage detection (LVD) Reset Sequence Manager (RSM) Multi-Oscillator (MO) – 4 Crystal/Ceramic resonator oscillators – 1 External RC oscillator – 1 Internal RC oscillator Clock Security System (CSS) – Clock Filter – Backup Safe Oscillator Figure 12. Clock, Reset and Supply Block Diagram MCO CLOCK SECUR ITY SYSTE M (CSS) OSC2 MULTI- CLOCK SAFE FILTER OSC MAIN CLOCK fOSC OSC1 (MO) fCPU CONTROLLER OSCILLATOR (MCC) RESET SEQUEN CE RESET FROM WATCH DOG PERIP HERAL MANAGER (RSM) VDD LOW VOLTAGE LVD DETECTO R VSS (LVD) CRSR 0 0 0 RF CSS 0 IE WDG D CSS INTER RUPT 24/125 RF ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4.1 LOW VOLTAGE DETECTOR (LVD) To allow the integration of power management features in the application, the Low Voltage Detector function (LVD) generates a static reset when the VDD supply voltage is below a VLVDf reference value. This means that it secures the power-up as well as the power-down keeping the ST7 in reset. The V LVDf reference value for a voltage drop is lower than the VLVDr reference value for power-on in order to avoid a parasitic reset when the MCU starts running and sinks current on the supply (hysteresis). The LVD Reset circuitry generates a reset when VDD is below: – VLVDr when VDD is rising – VLVDf when VDD is falling The LVD function is illustrated in the Figure 13. Provided the minimum VDD value (guaranteed for the oscillator frequency) is below VLVDf, the MCU can only be in two modes: – under full software control – in static safe reset In these conditions, secure operation is always ensured for the application without the need for external reset hardware. During a Low Voltage Detector Reset, the RESET pin is held low, thus permitting the MCU to reset other devices. Notes: 1) the LVD allows the device to be used without any external RESET circuitry. 2) three different reference levels are selectable through the OPTION BYTE according to the application requirement. LVD application note Application software can detect a reset caused by the LVD by reading the LVDRF bit in the CRSR register. This bit is set by hardware when a LVD reset is generated and cleared by software (writing zero). Figure 13. Low Voltage Detector vs Reset VDD HYSTE RESIS VLVDhyst VLVDr VLVDf RESET 25/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4.2 RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) The reset sequence manager includes three RESET sources as shown in Figure 15: ■ EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE pulse ■ Internal LVD RESET (Low Voltage Detection) ■ Internal WATCHDOG RESET These sources act on the RESET PIN and it is always kept low during the delay phase. The RESET service routine vector is fixed at addresses FFFEh-FFFFh in the ST7 memory map. The basic RESET sequence consists of 3 phases as shown in Figure 14: ■ Delay depending on the RESET source ■ 4096 CPU clock cycle delay ■ RESET vector fetch The 4096 CPU clock cycle delay allows the oscillator to stabilise and ensures that recovery has taken place from the Reset state. The RESET vector fetch phase duration is 2 clock cycles. Figure 14. RESET Sequence Phases RESET DELAY INTERNAL RESET 4096 CLOCK CYCLES FETCH VECTOR Figure 15. Reset Block Diagram VDD INTERNAL RESET RON COUNTER f CPU RESET WATCHDOG RESET LVD RESET 26/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (Cont’d) External RESET pin The RESET pin is both an input and an open-drain output with integrated RON weak pull-up resistor. This pull-up has no fixed value but varies in accordance with the input voltage. It can be pulled low by external circuitry to reset the device. A RESET signal originating from an external source must have a duration of at least tPULSE in order to be recognized. Two RESET sequences can be associated with this RESET source as shown in Figure 16. Starting from the external RESET pulse recognition, the device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled low during at least tDELAYmin. Figure 16. External RESET Sequences VDD VDDnominal SHORT PULSE ON RESET PIN VLVDf RESET RUN DELAY INTERNAL RESET FETCH 4096 CLOCK CYCLES VECTOR RUN tDE LAYmin t PULSE EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET VDD VDDnominal LONG PULSE ON RESET PIN VLVDf RESET RUN DELAY INTERNAL RESET FETCH 4096 CLOCK CYCLES VECTOR RUN t PULSE EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET 27/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (Cont’d) Internal Low Voltage Detection RESET Two different RESET sequences caused by the internal LVD circuitry can be distinguished: ■ Power-On RESET Voltage Drop RESET The device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled low when VDD<VLVDr (rising edge) or VDD<VLVDf (falling edge) as shown in Figure 9. ■ Figure 17. LVD RESET Sequences VDDnominal VLVDr VDD POWER-ON RESET RESET INTERNAL RESET FETCH 4096 CLOCK CYCLES VECTOR DELAY RUN EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET VDD VDDnominal VLVDr VLVDf VOLTAGE DROP RESET RESET 28/125 RUN DELAY INTERNAL RESET FETCH 4096 CLOCK CYCLES VECTOR RUN EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (Cont’d) Internal Watchdog RESET The RESET sequence generated by a internal Watchdog counter overflow is shown in Figure 18. Starting from the Watchdog counter underflow, the device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled low during at least tDELAYmin. Figure 18. Watchdog RESET Sequence VDD VDDnominal VLVDf RESET RUN DELAY INTERNAL RESET FETCH 4096 CLOCK CYCLES VECTOR RUN EXTERNAL RESET SOURCE tDE LAYmin RESET PIN WATCHDOG RESET WATCHDOG UNDERFLOW 29/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MULTI-OSCILLATOR (MO) The main clock of the ST7 can be generated by 7 different sources coming from the multi-oscillator block: ■ an external source ■ 4 crystal or ceramic resonator oscillators ■ 1 external RC oscillator ■ 1 internal high frequency RC oscillator Each oscillator is optimized for a given frequency range in terms of consumption and is selectable through the OPTION BYTE. External Clock Source The default OPTION BYTE value selects the External Clock in the MO block. In this mode, a clock signal (square, sinus or triangle) with ~50% duty cycle has to drive the OSC1 pin while the OSC2 pin is tied to ground (see Figure 19). Figure 19. MO External Clock Crystal/Ceramic Oscillators This family of oscillators has the advantage of producing a high accuracy on the main clock of the ST7. The selection within a list of 4 oscillators with different frequency ranges has to be done by OPTION BYTE in order to reduce the consumption. In this mode of the MO block, the resonator and the load capacitances have to be connected as shown in Figure 20 and have to be mounted as close as possible to the oscillator pins in order to minimize output distortion and start-up stabilization time. The loading capacitance values must be adjusted according to the selected oscillator. These oscillators, when selected via the OPTION BYTE, are not stopped during the RESET phase to avoid losing time in the oscillator start-up phase. Figure 20. MO Crystal/Ceramic Resonator ST7 OSC1 ST7 OSC1 EXTERNAL SOURCE 30/125 OSC2 OSC2 C L0 LOAD CAPACITANCES C L1 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MULTI-OSCILLATOR (Cont’d) External RC Oscillator This oscillator allows a low cost solution for the main clock of the ST7 using only an external resistor and an external capacitor (see Figure 21). The selection of the external RC oscillator has to be done by OPTION BYTE. The frequency of the external RC oscillator (in the range of some MHz.) is fixed by the resistor and the capacitor values: 1) 4 fOSC ~ REX . CEX Internal RC Oscillator The Internal RC oscillator mode is based on the same principle as the External RC oscillator including the resistance and the capacitance of the device. This mode is the most cost effective one with the drawback of a lower frequency accuracy. Its frequency is in the range of several MHz. In this mode, the two oscillator pins have to be tied to ground as shown in Figure 22. The selection of the internal RC oscillator has to be done by OPTION BYTE. The previous formula shows that in this MO mode, the accuracy of the clock is directly linked to the accuracy of the discrete components. Figure 21. MO External RC Figure 22. MO Internal RC ST7 OSC1 OSC2 ST7 OSC1 REX OSC2 CEX Note: 1) This formula provides an approximation of the frequency with typical REX and CEX values at VDD=5V. It is given only as design guidelines. 31/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4.3 CLOCK SECURITY SYSTEM (CSS) The Clock Security System (CSS) protects the ST7 against main clock problems. To allow the integration of the security features in the applications, it is based on a clock filter control and an Internal Safe Oscillator. The CSS can be disabled by OPTION BYTE. 4.3.1 Clock Filter Control The Clock Filter is based on a clock frequency limitation function. This filter function is able to detect and filter high frequency spikes on the ST7 main clock. If the oscillator is not working properly (e.g. working at a harmonic frequency of the resonator), the current active oscillator clock can be totally filtered, and then no clock signal is available for the ST7 from this oscillator anymore. If the original clock source recovers, the filtering is stopped automatically and the oscillator supplies the ST7 clock. Figure 23. Clock Filter Function MAIN OSCILLATOR CLOCK INTERNAL ST7 CLOCK Figure 24. Safe Oscillator Function MAIN OSCILLATOR CLOCK SAFE OSCILLATOR CLOCK INTERNAL ST7 CLOCK 32/125 4.3.2 Safe Oscillator Control The Safe Oscillator of the CSS block is a low frequency back-up clock source (see Figure 24). If the clock signal disappears (due to a broken or disconnected resonator...) during a Safe Oscillator period, the Safe oscillator delivers a low frequency clock signal which allows the ST7 to perform some rescue operations. Automatically, the ST7 clock source switches back from the Safe Oscillator if the original clock source recovers. Limitation detection The automatic Safe Oscillator selection is notified by hardware setting the CSSD bit of the CRSR register. An interrupt can be generated if the CSSIE bit has been previously set. These two bits are described in the CRSR register description. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4.4 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK REGISTER DESCRIPTION CLOCK RESET AND SUPPLY REGISTER (CRSR) Read/Write Reset Value: 000x 000x (00h) 7 0 0 0 0 LVD RF CSS IE 0 CSS WDG D RF Bit 1 = CSSD Clock security system detection This bit indicates that the safe oscillator of the Clock Security System block has been selected by hardware due to a disturbance on the main clock signal (fOSC). It is set by hardware and cleared by a read of the CRSR register when the original oscillator recovers. 0: Safe oscillator is not active 1: Safe oscillator has been activated When the CSS is disabled by OPTION BYTE, the CSSD bit value is forced to 0. Bit 7:5 = Reserved, always read as 0. Bit 4 = LVDRF LVD reset flag This bit indicates that the last Reset was generated by the LVD block. It is set by hardware (LVD reset) and cleared by software (writing zero). See WDGRF flag description for more details. When the LVD is disabled by OPTION BYTE, the LVDRF bit value is undefined. Bit 0 = WDGRF Watchdog reset flag This bit indicates that the last Reset was generated by the Watchdog peripheral. It is set by hardware (watchdog reset) and cleared by software (writing zero) or a LVD Reset (to ensure a stable cleared state of the WDGRF flag when CPU starts). Combined with the LVDRF flag information, the flag description is given by the following table. Bit 3 = Reserved, always read as 0. Bit 2 = CSSIE Clock security syst interrupt enable This bit enables the interrupt when a disturbance is detected by the Clock Security System (CSSD bit set). It is set and cleared by software. 0: Clock security system interrupt disabled 1: Clock security system interrupt enabled When the CSS is disabled by OPTION BYTE, the CSSIE bit has no effect. RESET Sources LVDRF WDGRF External RESET pin 0 0 Watchdog 0 1 LVD 1 X . Application notes In case the LVDRF flag is not cleared upon another RESET type occurs (extern or watchdog), the LVDRF flag remains set to keep trace of the original failure. In this condition, a watchdog reset can be detected by the software while an external reset not. Table 4. Clock, Reset and Supply Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 002Bh Register Label CRSR Reset Value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 LVDRF x 0 CFIE 0 CSSD 0 WDGRF x 33/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 4.5 MAIN CLOCK CONTROLLER (MCC) The MCC block supplies the clock for the ST7 CPU and its internal peripherals. It allows to manage the power saving modes such as the SLOW and ACTIVE-HALT modes. The whole functionality is managed by the Main Clock Control/Status Register (MCCSR) and the Miscellaneous Register 1 (MISCR1). The MCC block consists of: – a programmable CPU clock prescaler – a time base counter with interrupt capability – a clock-out signal to supply external devices The prescaler allows to select the main clock frequency and is controlled with three bits of the MISCR1: CP1, CP0 and SMS. The counter allows to generate an interrupt based on a accurate real time clock. Four different time bases depending directly on fOSC are available. The whole functionality is controlled by four bits of the MCCSR register: TB1, TB0, OIE and OIF. The clock-out capability allows to configure a dedicated I/O port pin as an fOSC/2 clock out to drive external devices. It is controlled by the MCO bit in the MISCR1 register. When selected, the clock out pin suspends the clock during ACTIVE-HALT mode. Figure 25. Main Clock Controller (MCC) Block Diagram MCC OSC2 fOSC OSCILLATOR DIV 2 OSC1 DIV 2, 4, 8, 16 PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER MCCSR 0 0 0 0 TB1 TB0 - - OIE OIF MCC INTERRUPT MISCR1 CPU CLOCK TO CPU AND PERIPHER ALS MCO - - CP1 fCPU PORT MCO ALTERNATE FUNCTION 34/125 fOSC/2 CP0 SMS ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MAIN CLOCK CONTROLLER (Cont’d) MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER 1 (MISCR1) See section 6.2 on page 47. MAIN CLOCK CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (MCCSR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0001 (01h) 7 0 0 0 0 0 TB1 TB0 OIE OIF Bit 7:4 = Reserved, always read as 0. Bit 3:2 = TB1-TB0 Time base control These bits select the programmable divider time base. They are set and cleared by software. Counter Prescaler Time Base TB1 TB0 2ms 0 0 4ms 0 1 20ms 10ms 1 0 50ms 25ms 1 1 fOSC =8MHz fOSC=16MHz 32000 4ms 64000 8ms 160000 400000 A modification of the time base is taken into account at the end of the current period (previously set) to avoid unwanted time shift. This allows to use this time base as a real time clock. Bit 1 = OIE Oscillator interrupt enable This bit set and cleared by software. 0: Oscillator interrupt disabled 1: Oscillator interrupt enabled This interrupt allows to exit from ACTIVE-HALT mode. When this bit is set, calling the ST7 software HALT instruction enters the ACTIVE-HALT power saving mode. Bit 0 = OIF Oscillator interrupt flag This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software reading the CSR register. It indicates when set that the main oscillator has measured the selected elapsed time (TB1:0). 0: Timeout not reached 1: Timeout reached Warning: The BRES and BSET instructions must not be used on the MCCSR register to avoid unintentionally clearing the OIF bit. Table 5. MCC Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 0029h Register Label MCCSR Reset Value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 TB1 0 TB0 0 OIE 0 OIF 1 35/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 5 INTERRUPTS & POWER SAVING MODES 5.1 INTERRUPTS The ST7 core may be interrupted by one of two different methods: maskable hardware interrupts as listed in the Interrupt Mapping Table and a nonmaskable software interrupt (TRAP). The Interrupt processing flowchart is shown in Figure 26. The maskable interrupts must be enabled clearing the I bit in order to be serviced. However, disabled interrupts may be latched and processed when they are enabled (see external interrupts subsection). When an interrupt has to be serviced: – Normal processing is suspended at the end of the current instruction execution. – The PC, X, A and CC registers are saved onto the stack. – The I bit of the CC register is set to prevent additional interrupts. – The PC is then loaded with the interrupt vector of the interrupt to service and the first instruction of the interrupt service routine is fetched (refer to the Interrupt Mapping Table for vector addresses). The interrupt service routine should finish with the IRET instruction which causes the contents of the saved registers to be recovered from the stack. Note: As a consequence of the IRET instruction, the I bit will be cleared and the main program will resume. Priority management By default, the interrupt being serviced cannot be interrupted because the I bit is set by hardware when entering an interrupt routine. If several interrupts are simultaneously pending, a hardware priority defines which one will be serviced first (see the Interrupt Mapping Table). Non Maskable Software Interrupts This interrupt is entered when the TRAP instruction is executed regardless of the state of the I bit. It will be serviced according to the flowchart on Figure 26. Interrupts and Low power mode All interrupts allow the processor to leave the Wait low power mode. Only external and specific mentioned interrupts allow the processor to leave the 36/125 Halt low power mode (refer to the “Exit from HALT“ column in the Interrupt Mapping Table). External Interrupts External interrupt vectors can be loaded in the PC register if the corresponding external interrupt occurred and if the I bit is cleared. These interrupts allow the processor to leave the Halt low power mode. The external interrupt polarity is selected through the miscellaneous register or interrupt register (if available). External interrupt triggered on edge will be latched and the interrupt request automatically cleared upon entering the interrupt service routine. If several input pins, connected to the same interrupt vector, are configured as interrupts, their signals are logically ANDed before entering the edge/ level detection block. Warning: The type of sensitivity defined in the Miscellaneous or Interrupt register (if available) applies to the EI source. In case of an ANDed source (as described on the I/O ports section), a low level on an I/O pin configured as input with interrupt, masks the interrupt request even in case of rising-edge sensitivity. Peripheral Interrupts Different peripheral interrupt flags in the status register are able to cause an interrupt when they are active if both: – The I bit of the CC register is cleared. – The corresponding enable bit is set in the control register. If any of these two conditions is false, the interrupt is latched and thus remains pending. Clearing an interrupt request is done by: – writing “0” to the corresponding bit in the status register or – an access to the status register while the flag is set followed by a read or write of an associated register. Note: the clearing sequence resets the internal latch. A pending interrupt (i.e. waiting for being enabled) will therefore be lost if the clear sequence is executed. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J INTERRUPTS (Cont’d) Figure 26. Interrupt Processing Flowchart FROM RESET BIT I SET N N Y Y FETCH NEXT INSTR UCTION N BIT I SET IRET STACK PC, X, A, CC SET I BIT LOAD PC FROM INTERRUPT VECTO R Y EXECU TE INSTRUCTION RESTORE PC, X, A, CC FROM STACK THIS CLEARS I BIT BY DEFAULT Table 6. Interrupt Mapping N° Source Block RESET TRAP 0 Description Reset Software Interrupt MCC CSS 2 EI0 External Interrupt Port A3..0 3 EI1 External Interrupt Port F2..0 4 EI2 External Interrupt Port B3..0 5 EI3 External Interrupt Port B7..4 6 SPI 8 TIMER A 9 TIMER B 10 SCI 13 N/A Highest Priority Exit from HALT Address Vector yes FFFEh-FFFFh no FFFCh-FFFDh Main Clock Controller Time Base Interrupt or Clock Security System Interrupt FFFAh-FFFBh MCCSR CRSR yes FFF8h-FFF9h FFF6h-FFF7h FFF4h-FFF5h N/A FFF2h-FFF3h FFF0h-FFF1h Not used 7 12 Priority Order Not used 1 11 Register Label FFEEh-FFE Fh SPI Peripheral Interrupts SPISR TIMER A Peripheral Interrupts TASR no FFECh-FFEDh FFEAh-FFEBh TIMER B Peripheral Interrupts TBSR FFE8h-FFE9h SCI Peripheral Interrupts SCISR FFE6h-FFE7h Data-EEPROM Data EEPROM Interrupt EECSR Not used FFE4h-FFE5h Lowest Priority FFE2h-FFE3h FFE0h-FFE1h 37/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 5.2 POWER SAVING MODES 5.2.1 Introduction To give a large measure of flexibility to the application in terms of power consumption, four main power saving modes are implemented in the ST7. After a RESET the normal operating mode is selected by default (RUN mode). This mode drives the device (CPU and embedded peripherals) by means of a master clock which is based on the main oscillator frequency divided by 2 (fCPU). From Run mode, the different power saving modes may be selected by setting the relevant register bits or by calling the specific ST7 software instruction whose action depends on the the oscillator status. Figure 27. Power saving mode consumption / transitions HALT ACTIVE-HALT WAIT SLOW WAIT SLOW RUN Low High POWER CONSUMPTION 5.2.2 HALT Modes The HALT modes are the lowest power consumption modes of the MCU. They are entered by executing the ST7 HALT instruction (see Figure 29). Two different HALT modes can be distinguished: – HALT: main oscillator is turned off, – ACTIVE-HALT: only main oscillator is running. The decision to enter either in HALT or ACTIVEHALT mode is given by the main oscillator enable interrupt flag (OIE bit in CROSS-MCCSR register: see Table 7). When entering HALT modes, the I bit in the CC register is forced to 0 to enable interrupts. Mode capability or a reset (see Table 6 page 37). A 4096 CPU clock cycles delay is performed before the CPU operation resumes (see Figure 28). After the start up delay, the CPU resumes operation by servicing the interrupt or by fetching the reset vector which woke it up. Table 7. HALT Modes selection MCCSR OIE flag The MCU can exit HALT or ACTIVE-HALT modes on reception of an interrupt with Exit from Halt Power Saving Mode entered when HALT instruction is executed 0 HALT (reset if watchdog enabled) 1 ACTIVE-HALT (no reset if watchdog enabled) Figure 28. HALT /ACTIVE-HALT Modes timing overview RUN HALT OR ACTIVE-HALT HALT INSTRUCTION 38/125 4096 CPU CYCLE DELAY RESET OR INTERRUPT FETCH VECTOR RUN ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) Standard HALT mode In this mode the main oscillator is turned off causing all internal processing to be stopped, including the operation of the on-chip peripherals. All peripherals are not clocked except the ones which get their clock supply from another clock generator (such as an external or auxiliary oscillator). The compatibility of Watchdog operation with Halt mode is configured by the “WDGHALT” option bit of the OPTION BYTE. The HALT instruction when executed while the Watchdog system is enabled, can generate a Watchdog RESET (see dedicated section for more details). When exiting HALT mode by means of a RESET or an interrupt, the oscillator is immediately turned on and the 4096 CPU cycle delay is used to stabilize the oscillator. Specific ACTIVE-HALT mode As soon as the interrupt capability of the main oscillator is selected (OIE bit set), the HALT instruction will make the device enter a specific ACTIVEHALT power saving mode instead of the standard HALT one. This mode consists of having only the main oscillator and its associated counter running to keep a wake-up time base. All other peripherals are not clocked except the ones which get their clock supply from another clock generator (such as external or auxiliary oscillator). The safeguard against staying locked in this ACTIVE-HALT mode is insured by the oscillator interrupt. Note: As soon as the interrupt capability of one of the oscillators is selected (OIE bit set), entering in ACTIVE-HALT mode while the Watchdog is active does not generate a RESET. This means that the device cannot to spend more than a defined delay in this power saving mode. Figure 29. HALT modes flow-chart If WDGHA LT bit reset in OPTION BYTE HALT INSTR UCTION N HALT OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU I BIT Y WAT CHDOG ENABLE 0 MAIN OSCILLATOR OIE BIT ACTIV E-HALT OSCILLATOR PERIPH ERALS CPU I BIT OFF OFF OFF 0 N 1 ON OFF OFF 0 4096 clock cycles delay RESET Y N EXTE RNAL* INTERRUP T Y Notes: OSCILLATOR PERIP HERALS CPU ON OFF OFF OSCILLATOR PERIPH ERALS CPU ON ON ON FETCH RESET VECTOR OR SERVICE INTERRUPT ** * External interrupt or internal interrupts with Exit from Halt Mode capability ** Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is pushed on the stack. 39/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 5.2.3 WAIT Mode WAIT mode places the MCU in a low power consumption mode by stopping the CPU. This power saving mode is selected by calling the “WFI” ST7 software instruction. All peripherals remain active. During WAIT mode, the I bit of the CC register is forced to 0 to enable all interrupts. All other registers and memory remain unchanged. The MCU remains in WAIT mode until an interrupt or Reset occurs, whereupon the Program Counter branches to the starting address of the interrupt or Reset service routine. The MCU will remain in WAIT mode until a Reset or an Interrupt occurs, causing it to wake up. Refer to Figure 30. Figure 30. WAIT mode flow-chart OSCILLATOR PERIPHERA LS CPU I BIT WFI INSTRUCTION N RESET if exit caused by a RESET, a 4096 CPU clock cycle delay is inserted. Y N ON ON OFF 0 INTERRUPT Y OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU Note: 40/125 ON OFF* OFF OSCILLATOR PERIPHERALS CPU ON ON ON FETCH RESET VECTOR OR SERVICE INTER RUPT** * The peripheral clock is stopped only when exit caused by RESET and not by an interrupt. ** Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is pushed on the stack. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d) 5.2.4 SLOW Mode This mode has two targets: – To reduce power consumption by decreasing the internal clock in the device, – To adapt the internal clock frequency (fCPU) to the available supply voltage. SLOW mode is controlled by three bits in the MISCR1 register: the SMS bit which enables or disables Slow mode and two CPx bits which select the internal slow frequency (fCPU). In this mode, the oscillator frequency can be divided by 4, 8, 16 or 32 instead of 2 in normal operating mode. The CPU and peripherals are clocked at this lower frequency. Note: SLOW-WAIT mode is activated when enterring the WAIT mode while the device is already in SLOW mode. Figure 31. SLOW Mode: timing diagram for internal CPU clock transitions NEW FREQUENCY ACTIV E WHEN OSC/4 & OSC/8 = 0 NORMAL MODE ACTIVE (OSC/4, OSC/8 STOPPED) fOSC/4 fOSC/8 fCPU CP1:0 00 01 MISCR1 REGISTE R 1 SMS 0 NEW FREQUENCY REQUEST NORMAL MODE REQUEST 41/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS 6.1 I/O PORTS 6.1.1 Introduction The I/O ports offer different functional modes: – transfer of data through digital inputs and outputs and for specific pins: – external interrupt generation – alternate signal input/output for the on-chip peripherals (SPI, SCI, TIMERs...). An I/O port contains up to 8 pins. Each pin can be programmed independently as digital input (with or without interrupt generation) or digital output. 6.1.2 Functional Description Each port is associated to 2 main registers: – Data Register (DR) – Data Direction Register (DDR) and one optional register: – Option Register (OR) Each I/O pin may be programmed using the corresponding register bits in DDR and OR registers: bit X corresponding to pin X of the port. The same correspondence is used for the DR register. The following description takes into account the OR register, for specific port which do not provide this register refer to the I/O Port Implementation section. The generic I/O block diagram is shown on Figure 32 Input Modes The input configuration is selected by clearing the corresponding DDR register bit. In this case, reading the DR register returns the digital value applied to the external I/O pin. Different input modes can be selected by software through the OR register. Note1: Writing the DR register modifies the latch value but does not affect the pin status. Note2: When switching from input to output mode, the DR register has to be written first to drive the correct level on the pin as soon as the ports is configured as an output. External interrupt function When an I/O is configured in Input with Interrupt, an event on this I/O can generate an external Interrupt request to the CPU. Each pin can independently generate an Interrupt request. The interrupt sensitivity is given independently according to the description mentioned in the Miscellaneous register. 42/125 Each external interrupt vector is linked to a dedicated group of I/O port pins (see Interrupt section). If more than one input pins are selected simultaneously as interrupt source, these are logically ANDed. For this reason if one of the interrupt pins is tied low, it masks the other ones. In case of a floating input with interrupt configuration, special cares mentioned in the I/O port implementation section have to be taken. Output Mode The output configuration is selected by setting the corresponding DDR register bit. In this case, writing the DR register applies this digital value to the I/O pin through the latch. Then reading the DR register returns the previously stored value. Two different output modes can be selected by software through the OR register: Output push-pull and open-drain. DR register value and output pin status: DR Push-pu ll Open-drain 0 VSS Vss 1 VDD Floating Note: In this mode, interrupt function is disabled. Alternate function When an on-chip peripheral is configured to use a pin, the alternate function is automatically selected. This alternate function takes priority over the standard I/O programming. When the signal is coming from an on-chip peripheral, the I/O pin is automatically configured in output mode (push-pull or open drain according to the peripheral). When the signal is going to an on-chip peripheral, the I/O pin has to be configured in input mode. In this case, the pin’s state is also digitally readable by addressing the DR register. Note: Input pull-up configuration can cause unexpected value at the input of the alternate peripheral input. When an on chip peripheral use a pin as input and output, this pin has to be configured in input floating mode. WARNING: The alternate function must not be activated as long as the pin is configured as input with interrupt, in order to avoid generating spurious interrupts. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J I/O PORTS (Cont’d) Figure 32. I/O Block Diagram ALTERNATE OUTPUT 1 P-BUFFER (see table below) VDD 0 ALTERNATE ENABLE PULL-UP (see table below) DR V DD DDR PULL-UP CONDITION DATA BUS OR PAD If implemented OR SEL N-BUFFER DIODES (see table below) DDR SEL DR SEL ANALOG INPUT CMOS SCHMITT TRIGGER 1 0 EXTERNAL INTERRUPT SOURCE (EIx) POLARITY SELECTION ALTERNATE INPUT FROM OTHER BITS Table 8. Port Mode Options Configuration Mode Input Output Floating with/without Interrupt Pull-up with/without Interrupt Push-pull Open Drain (logic level) True Open Drain Legend:NI - not implemented Off - implemented not activated On - implemented and activated Pull-Up P-Buffer Off On Off Off NI On Off NI Diodes to VDD On to VSS On NI (see note) Note: the diode to VDD is not implemented in the true open drain pads. A local protection between the pad and VSS is implemented to protect the device against positive stress. 43/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J I/O PORTS (Cont’d) 6.1.3 I/O Port Implementation The I/O port register configurations are summarised as following. Switching these I/O ports from one state to another should be done in a sequence that prevents unwanted side effects. Recommended safe transitions are illustrated in Figure 33 Other transitions are potentially risky and should be avoided, since they are likely to present unwanted side-effects such as spurious interrupt generation. Standard Ports PA5:4, PC7:0, PD7:0, PE7:4, PE1:0, PF7:6, PF4 MODE floating input pull-up input open drain output push-pull output DDR OR 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Figure 33. Interrupt I/O Port State Transition Interrupt Ports PA2:0, PB6:4, PB2:0, PF1:0 (with pull-up) MODE floating input pull-up interrupt input open drain output push-pull output floating input floating interrupt input open drain output push-pull output 00 10 11 INPUT pull-up/floating interrupt INPUT floating (reset state) OUTPUT open-drain OUTPUT push-pull XX DDR OR 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 = DDR, OR True Open Drain Ports PA7:6 MODE DDR floating input open drain (high sink ports) PA3, PB7, PB3, PF2 (without pull-up) MODE 01 DDR OR 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Table 9. Port Configuration Input Port OR = 0 Port A Port B Port C Port D Port E Port F 44/125 Output Pin name PA7:6 PA5:4 PA3 PA2:0 PB7, PB3 PB6:4, PB2:0 PC7:0 PD7:0 PE7:4, PE1:0 PF7:6, PF4 PF2 PF1:0 OR = 1 floating floating floating floating floating floating floating floating floating floating floating floating pull-up floating interrupt pull-up interrupt floating interrupt pull-up interrupt pull-up pull-up pull-up pull-up floating interrupt pull-up interrupt OR = 0 OR = 1 true open-drain open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull open drain push-pull ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J I/O PORTS (Cont’d) 6.1.4 Register Description OPTION REGISTER (OR) Port x Option Register PxOR with x = A, B, C, D, E or F. Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) DATA REGISTER (DR) Port x Data Register PxDR with x = A, B, C, D, E or F. Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 0 7 D0 O7 Bit 7:0 = D[7:0] Data register 8 bits. The DR register has a specific behaviour according to the selected input/output configuration. Writing the DR register is always taken into account even if the pin is configured as an input; this allows to always have the expected level on the pin when toggling to output mode. Reading the DR register returns either the DR register latch content (pin configured as output) or the digital value applied to the I/O pin (pin configured as input). DATA DIRECTION REGISTER (DDR) Port x Data Direction Register PxDDR with x = A, B, C, D, E or F. Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 DD7 0 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 O0 Bit 7:0 = O[7:0] Option register 8 bits. For specific I/O pins, this register is not implemented. In this case the DDR register is enough to select the I/O pin configuration. The OR register allows to distinguish: in input mode if the pull-up with interrupt capability or the basic pull-up configuration is selected, in output mode if the push-pull or open drain configuration is selected. Each bit is set and cleared by software. Input mode: 0: floating input 1: pull-up input with or without interrupt Output mode: 0: output open drain (with P-Buffer unactivated) 1: output push-pull 0 DD6 DD5 DD4 DD3 DD2 DD1 DD0 Bit 7:0 = DD[7:0] Data direction register 8 bits. The DDR register gives the input/output direction configuration of the pins. Each bits is set and cleared by software. 0: Input mode 1: Output mode 45/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J I/O PORTS (Cont’d) Table 10. I/O Port Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) Register Label Reset Value of all IO port registers 0000h PADR 0001h PADDR 0002h PAOR 1) 0004h PCDR 0005h PCDDR 0006h PCOR 0008h PBDR 0009h PBDDR 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB MSB LSB 1) 000Ah PBOR 000Ch PEDR 000Dh PEDDR 1) 000Eh PEOR 0010h PDDR 0011h PDDDR 0012h PDOR 1) 0014h PFDR 0015h PFDDR 0016h PFOR Notes: 1) The bits corresponding to unavailable pins are forced to 1 by hardware, this affects the reset status value. 46/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.2 MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS The miscellaneous registers allow control over several different features such as the external interrupts or the I/O alternate functions. 6.2.1 I/O Port Interrupt Sensitivity Description The external interrupt sensitivity is controlled by the ISxx bits of the MISCR1 miscellaneous register. This control allows to have two fully independent external interrupt source sensitivities. Each external interrupt source can be generated on four different events on the pin: ■ Falling edge ■ Rising edge ■ Falling and rising edge ■ Falling edge and low level To guarantee correct functionality, the sensitivity bits in the MISCR1 register must be modified only when the I bit of the CC register is set to 1 (interrupt masked). See I/O port register and Miscellaneous register descriptions for more details on the programming. 6.2.2 I/O Port Alternate Functions The MISCR registers manage four I/O port miscellaneous alternate functions: ■ Main clock signal (fCPU) output on PF0 ■ A beep signal output on PF1 (with 3 selectable audio frequencies) ■ SPI pin configuration: – SS pin internal control to use the PC7 I/O port function while the SPI is active. These functions are described in detail in the Section 6.2.3 Miscellaneous Registers Description. 47/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS (Cont’d) 6.2.3 Miscellaneous Registers Description MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER 1 (MISCR1) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 IS11 0 IS10 MCO IS21 IS20 CP1 CP0 SMS Bit 7:6 = IS1[1:0] EI2 and EI3 sensitivity The interrupt sensitivity, defined using the IS1[1:0] bits, is applied to the following external interrupts: EI2 (port B3..0) and EI3 (port B7..4). These 2 bits can be written only when the I bit of the CC register is set to 1 (interrupt disabled). IS11 IS10 External Interrupt Sensitivity 0 0 Falling edge & low level 0 1 Rising edge only 1 0 Falling edge only 1 1 Rising and falling edge Bit 5 = MCO Main clock out selection This bit enables the MCO alternate function on the I/O port. It is set and cleared by software. 0: MCO alternate function disabled (I/O pin free for general-purpose I/O) 1: MCO alternate function enabled (fOSC/2 on I/O port) Note: To reduce power consumption, the MCO function is not active in ACTIVE-HALT mode. 48/125 Bit 4:3 = IS2[1:0] EI0 and EI1 sensitivity The interrupt sensitivity, defined using the IS2[1:0] bits, is applied to the following external interrupts:EI0 (port A3..0) and EI1 (port F2..0). These 2 bits can be written only when the I bit of the CC register is set to 1 (interrupt disabled). Bit 2:1 = CP[1:0] CPU clock prescaler These bits select the CPU clock prescaler which is applied in the different slow modes. Their action is conditioned by the setting of the SMS bit. These two bits are set and cleared by software fCPU in SLOW mode CP1 CP0 0 0 fOSC / 4 1 0 fOSC / 8 0 1 fOSC / 16 1 1 fOSC / 32 Bit 0 = SMS Slow mode select This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Normal mode. fCPU = fOSC / 2 1: Slow mode. fCPU is given by CP1, CP0 See low power consumption mode and MCC chapters for more details. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS (Cont’d) MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER 2 (MISCR2) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 - - BC1 BC0 - - SSM SSI Bit 7:6 = Reserved Must always be cleared Bit 5:4 = BC[1:0] Beep control These 2 bits select the PF1 pin beep capability. BC1 BC0 Beep mode with fOSC=16MHz 0 0 Off 0 1 ~2-KHz 1 0 ~1-KHz 1 1 ~500-Hz Output Beep signal ~50% duty cycle The beep output signal is available in ACTIVEHALT mode but has to be disabled to reduce the consumption. Bit 3:2 = Reserved Must always be cleared Bit 1 = SSM SS mode selection It is set and cleared by software. 0: Normal mode - SS uses information coming from the SS pin of the SPI. 1: I/O mode, the SPI uses the information stored into bit SSI. Bit 0 = SSI SS internal mode This bit replaces pin SS of the SPI when bit SSM is set to 1. (see SPI description). It is set and cleared by software. Table 11. Miscellaneous Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0020h MISCR1 Reset Value IS11 0 IS10 0 MCO 0 IS21 0 IS20 0 CP1 0 CP0 0 SMS 0 0040h MISCR2 Reset Value 0 0 BC1 0 BC0 0 0 0 SSM 0 SSI 0 (Hex.) 49/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.3 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDG) 6.3.1 Introduction The Watchdog timer is used to detect the occurrence of a software fault, usually generated by external interference or by unforeseen logical conditions, which causes the application program to abandon its normal sequence. The Watchdog circuit generates an MCU reset on expiry of a programmed time period, unless the program refreshes the counter’s contents before the T6 bit becomes cleared. 6.3.2 Main Features ■ Programmable timer (64 increments of 12288 CPU cycles) ■ Programmable reset ■ Reset (if watchdog activated) after a HALT instruction or when the T6 bit reaches zero ■ ■ Hardware Watchdog selectable by option byte Watchdog Reset indicated by status flag (in versions with Safe Reset option only) 6.3.3 Functional Description The counter value stored in the CR register (bits T[6:0]), is decremented every 12,288 machine cycles, and the length of the timeout period can be programmed by the user in 64 increments. If the watchdog is activated (the WDGA bit is set) and when the 7-bit timer (bits T[6:0]) rolls over from 40h to 3Fh (T6 becomes cleared), it initiates a reset cycle pulling low the reset pin for typically 500ns. Figure 34. Watchdog Block Diagram RESET WATCHDOG CONTROL REGISTER (CR) WDGA T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 7-BIT DOWNCOUNTER fCPU 50/125 CLOCK DIVIDER ÷12288 T1 T0 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J WATCHDOG TIMER (Cont’d) The application program must write in the CR register at regular intervals during normal operation to prevent an MCU reset. The value to be stored in the CR register must be between FFh and C0h (see Table 12 .Watchdog Timing (fCPU = 8 MHz)): – The WDGA bit is set (watchdog enabled) – The T6 bit is set to prevent generating an immediate reset – The T[5:0] bits contain the number of increments which represents the time delay before the watchdog produces a reset. Table 12.Watchdog Timing (fCPU = 8 MHz) CR Register initial value WDG timeout period (ms) Max FFh 98.304 Min C0h 1.536 Notes: Following a reset, the watchdog is disabled. Once activated it cannot be disabled, except by a reset. The T6 bit can be used to generate a software reset (the WDGA bit is set and the T6 bit is cleared). If the watchdog is activated, the HALT instruction will generate a Reset. 6.3.4 Hardware Watchdog Option If Hardware Watchdog Is selected by option byte, the watchdog is always active and the WDGA bit in the CR is not used. Refer to the device-specific Option Byte description. 6.3.5 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT Description No effect on Watchdog. HALT Immediate reset generation as soon as the HALT instruction is executed if the Watchdog is activated (WDGA bit is set). 6.3.7 Register Description CONTROL REGISTER (CR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0111 1111 (7Fh) 7 0 WDGA T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 Bit 7 = WDGA Activation bit. This bit is set by software and only cleared by hardware after a reset. When WDGA = 1, the watchdog can generate a reset. 0: Watchdog disabled 1: Watchdog enabled Note: This bit is not used if the hardware watchdog option is enabled by option byte. Bit 6:0 = T[6:0] 7-bit timer (MSB to LSB). These bits contain the decremented value. A reset is produced when it rolls over from 40h to 3Fh (T6 becomes cleared). STATUS REGISTER (SR) Read/Write Reset Value*: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 - 0 - - - - - - WDOGF Bit 0 = WDOGF Watchdog flag. This bit is set by a watchdog reset and cleared by software or a power on/off reset. This bit is useful for distinguishing power/on off or external reset and watchdog reset. 0: No Watchdog reset occurred 1: Watchdog reset occurred * Only by software and power on/off reset Note: This register is not used in versions without LVD Reset. 6.3.6 Interrupts None. 51/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J WATCHDOG TIMER (Cond’t) Table 13. Watchdog Timer Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) 002Ah 52/125 Register Label WDGCR Reset Value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 WDGA 0 T6 1 T5 1 T4 1 T3 1 T2 1 T1 1 T0 1 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.4 16-BIT TIMER 6.4.1 Introduction The timer consists of a 16-bit free-running counter driven by a programmable prescaler. It may be used for a variety of purposes, including pulse length measurement of up to two input signals (input capture) or generation of up to two output waveforms (output compare and PWM). Pulse lengths and waveform periods can be modulated from a few microseconds to several milliseconds using the timer prescaler and the CPU clock prescaler. 6.4.2 Main Features ■ Programmable prescaler: fCPU divided by 2, 4 or 8. ■ Overflow status flag and maskable interrupt ■ External clock input (must be at least 4 times slower than the CPU clock speed) with the choice of active edge ■ Output compare functions with – 2 dedicated 16-bit registers – 2 dedicated programmable signals – 2 dedicated status flags – 1 dedicated maskable interrupt ■ Input capture functions with – 2 dedicated 16-bit registers – 2 dedicated active edge selection signals – 2 dedicated status flags – 1 dedicated maskable interrupt ■ Pulse width modulation mode (PWM) ■ One pulse mode ■ 5 alternate functions on I/O ports (ICAP1, ICAP2, OCMP1, OCMP2, EXTCLK)* 6.4.3 Functional Description 6.4.3.1 Counter The principal block of the Programmable Timer is a 16-bit free running increasing counter and its associated 16-bit registers: Counter Registers – Counter High Register (CHR) is the most significant byte (MSB). – Counter Low Register (CLR) is the least significant byte (LSB). Alternate Counter Registers – Alternate Counter High Register (ACHR) is the most significant byte (MSB). – Alternate Counter Low Register (ACLR) is the least significant byte (LSB). These two read-only 16-bit registers contain the same value but with the difference that reading the ACLR register does not clear the TOF bit (overflow flag), (see note at the end of paragraph titled 16-bit read sequence). Writing in the CLR register or ACLR register resets the free running counter to the FFFCh value. The timer clock depends on the clock control bits of the CR2 register, as illustrated in Table 14 Clock Control Bits. The value in the counter register repeats every 131.072, 262.144 or 524.288 internal processorclock cycles depending on the CC1 and CC0 bits. The Block Diagram is shown in Figure 35. *Note: Some external pins are not available on all devices. Refer to the device pin out description. When reading an input signal which is not available on an external pin, the value will always be ‘1’. 53/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) Figure 35. Timer Block Diagram ST7 INTERNAL BUS fCPU MCU-PERIPHERAL INTERFACE 8 low 8 8 8 low high low 8 high 8 low 8 8 high EXEDG 8 low 8-bit buffer high 8 high 16 1/2 1/4 1/8 16 BIT FREE RUNNING COUNTER OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER 2 OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER 1 INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER 1 COUNTER ALTERNATE REGISTER INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER 2 16 16 16 CC1 CC0 16 EXTCLK OVERFLOW DETECT CIRCUIT TIMER INTERNAL BUS 16 OUTPUT COMPARE CIRCUIT 6 ICF1 OCF1 TOF ICF2 OCF2 0 0 EDGE DETECT CIRCUIT1 ICAP1 EDGE DETECT CIRCUIT2 ICAP2 ICIE OCIE TOIE FOLV2 FOLV1 OLVL2 IEDG1 OLVL1 TIMER INTERRUPT 54/125 OCMP1 LATCH2 OCMP2 0 SR CR1 LATCH1 OC1E OC2E OPM PWM CC1 CC0 IEDG2 EXEDG CR2 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 16-bit read sequence: (from either the Counter Register or the Alternate Counter Register). Beginning of the sequence At t0 Read MSB LSB is buffered Other instructions Returns the buffered At t0 +∆t Read LSB LSB value at t0 Sequence completed The user must read the MSB first, then the LSB value is buffered automatically. This buffered value remains unchanged until the 16-bit read sequence is completed, even if the user reads the MSB several times. After a complete reading sequence, if only the CLR register or ACLR register are read, they return the LSB of the count value at the time of the read. Whatever the timer mode used (input capture, output compare, one pulse mode or PWM mode) an overflow occurs when the counter rolls over from FFFFh to 0000h then: – The TOF bit of the SR register is set. – A timer interrupt is generated if: – TOIE bit of the CR1 register is set and – I bit of the CC register is cleared. If one of these conditions is false, the interrupt remains pending to be issued as soon as they are both true. Clearing the overflow interrupt request is done in two steps: 1. Reading the SR register while the TOF bit is set. 2. An access (read or write) to the CLR register. Notes: The TOF bit is not cleared by accesses to ACLR register. This feature allows simultaneous use of the overflow function and reads of the free running counter at random times (for example, to measure elapsed time) without the risk of clearing the TOF bit erroneously. The timer is not affected by WAIT mode. In HALT mode, the counter stops counting until the mode is exited. Counting then resumes from the previous count (MCU awakened by an interrupt) or from the reset count (MCU awakened by a Reset). 6.4.3.2 External Clock The external clock (where available) is selected if CC0=1 and CC1=1 in CR2 register. The status of the EXEDG bit determines the type of level transition on the external clock pin EXTCLK that will trigger the free running counter. The counter is synchronised with the falling edge of the internal CPU clock. At least four falling edges of the CPU clock must occur between two consecutive active edges of the external clock; thus the external clock frequency must be less than a quarter of the CPU clock frequency. 55/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) Figure 36. Counter Timing Diagram, internal clock divided by 2 CPU CLOCK INTERNAL RESET TIMER CLOCK FFFD FFFE FFFF 0000 COUNTER REGISTER 0001 0002 0003 OVERFLOW FLAG TOF Figure 37. Counter Timing Diagram, internal clock divided by 4 CPU CLOCK INTERNAL RESET TIMER CLOCK COUNTER REGISTER FFFC FFFD 0000 0001 OVERFLOW FLAG TOF Figure 38. Counter Timing Diagram, internal clock divided by 8 CPU CLOCK INTERNAL RESET TIMER CLOCK COUNTER REGISTER OVERFLOW FLAG TOF 56/125 FFFC FFFD 0000 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.3.3 Input Capture In this section, the index, i, may be 1 or 2. The two input capture 16-bit registers (IC1R and IC2R) are used to latch the value of the free running counter after a transition detected by the ICAP i pin (see figure 5). ICiR MS Byte ICiHR LS Byte ICiLR ICi register is a read-only register. The active transition is software programmable through the IEDGi bit of the Control Register (CRi). Timing resolution is one count of the free running counter: (fCPU/(CC1.CC0) ). Procedure: To use the input capture function select the following in the CR2 register: – Select the timer clock (CC1-CC0) (see Table 14 Clock Control Bits). – Select the edge of the active transition on the ICAP2 pin with the IEDG2 bit (the ICAP2 pin must be configured as floating input). And select the following in the CR1 register: – Set the ICIE bit to generate an interrupt after an input capture coming from both the ICAP1 pin or the ICAP2 pin – Select the edge of the active transition on the ICAP1 pin with the IEDG1 bit (the ICAP1pin must be configured as floating input). When an input capture occurs: – ICFi bit is set. – The ICiR register contains the value of the free running counter on the active transition on the ICAPi pin (see Figure 40). – A timer interrupt is generated if the ICIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared in the CC register. Otherwise, the interrupt remains pending until both conditions become true. Clearing the Input Capture interrupt request is done in two steps: 1. Reading the SR register while the ICFi bit is set. 2. An access (read or write) to the ICiLR register. Notes: 2. After reading the ICiHR register, transfer of input capture data is inhibited until the ICiLR register is also read. 3. The ICiR register always contains the free running counter value which corresponds to the most recent input capture. 4. The 2 input capture functions can be used together even if the timer also uses the output compare mode. 5. In One pulse Mode and PWM mode only the input capture 2 can be used. 6. The alternate inputs (ICAP1 & ICAP2) are always directly connected to the timer. So any transitions on these pins activate the input capture process. 7. Moreover if one of the ICAPi pin is configured as an input and the second one as an output, an interrupt can be generated if the user toggle the output pin and if the ICIE bit is set. 8. The TOF bit can be used with interrupt in order to measure event that go beyond the timer range (FFFFh). 57/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) Figure 39. Input Capture Block Diagram ICAP1 pin ICAP2 pin (Control Register 1) CR1 EDGE DETECT CIRCUIT2 EDGE DETECT CIRCUIT1 ICIE IEDG1 (Status Register) SR IC2R Register ICF1 IC1R Register ICF2 0 16-BIT FREE RUNNING CC1 CC0 COUNTER Figure 40. Input Capture Timing Diagram TIMER CLOCK FF01 FF02 FF03 ICAPi PIN ICAPi FLAG ICAPi REGISTER Note: Active edge is rising edge. 58/125 0 (Control Register 2) CR2 16-BIT COUNTER REGISTER 0 FF03 IEDG2 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.3.4 Output Compare In this section, the index, i, may be 1 or 2. This function can be used to control an output waveform or indicating when a period of time has elapsed. When a match is found between the Output Compare register and the free running counter, the output compare function: – Assigns pins with a programmable value if the OCIE bit is set – Sets a flag in the status register – Generates an interrupt if enabled Two 16-bit registers Output Compare Register 1 (OC1R) and Output Compare Register 2 (OC2R) contain the value to be compared to the free running counter each timer clock cycle. OCiR MS Byte OCiHR LS Byte OCiLR These registers are readable and writable and are not affected by the timer hardware. A reset event changes the OCiR value to 8000h. Timing resolution is one count of the free running counter: (fCPU/(CC1.CC0)). Procedure: To use the output compare function, select the following in the CR2 register: – Set the OCiE bit if an output is needed then the OCMPi pin is dedicated to the output compare i function. – Select the timer clock (CC1-CC0) (see Table 14 Clock Control Bits). And select the following in the CR1 register: – Select the OLVL i bit to applied to the OCMPi pins after the match occurs. – Set the OCIE bit to generate an interrupt if it is needed. When a match is found: – OCFi bit is set. – The OCMPi pin takes OLVLi bit value (OCMPi pin latch is forced low during reset and stays low until valid compares change it to a high level). – A timer interrupt is generated if the OCIE bit is set in the CR2 register and the I bit is cleared in the CC register (CC). The OCiR register value required for a specific timing application can be calculated using the following formula: ∆ OCiR = ∆t * fCPU PRESC Where: ∆t = Desired output compare period (in seconds) fCPU = Internal clock frequency PRESC = Timer prescaler factor (2, 4 or 8 depending on CC1-CC0 bits, see Table 14 Clock Control Bits) Clearing the output compare interrupt request is done by: 1. Reading the SR register while the OCFi bit is set. 2. An access (read or write) to the OCiLR register. The following procedure is recommended to prevent the OCFi bit from being set between the time it is read and the write to the OCiR register: – Write to the OCiHR register (further compares are inhibited). – Read the SR register (first step of the clearance of the OCFi bit, which may be already set). – Write to the OCiLR register (enables the output compare function and clears the OCFi bit). Notes: 1. After a processor write cycle to the OCiHR register, the output compare function is inhibited until the OCiLR register is also written. 2. If the OCiE bit is not set, the OCMPi pin is a general I/O port and the OLVLi bit will not appear when a match is found but an interrupt could be generated if the OCIE bit is set. 3. When the clock is divided by 2, OCFi and OCMPi are set while the counter value equals the OCiR register value (see Figure 42). This behaviour is the same in OPM or PWM mode. When the clock is divided by 4, 8 or in external clock mode, OCFi and OCMP i are set while the counter value equals the OCiR register value plus 1 (see Figure 43). 4. The output compare functions can be used both for generating external events on the OCMPi pins even if the input capture mode is also used. 5. The value in the 16-bit OCiR register and the OLVi bit should be changed after each successful comparison in order to control an output waveform or establish a new elapsed timeout. 59/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) Figure 41. Output Compare Block Diagram 16 BIT FREE RUNNING COUNTER OC1E OC2E CC1 CC0 (Control Register 2) CR2 16-bit (Control Register 1) CR1 OUTPUT COMPARE CIRCUIT 16-bit OCIE OLVL2 OLVL1 16-bit Latch 1 Latch 2 OC1R Register OCF1 OCF2 0 0 0 OC2R Register (Status Register) SR Figure 42. Output Compare Timing Diagram, Internal Clock Divided by 2 INTERNAL CPU CLOCK TIMER CLOCK COUNTER 2ECF 2ED0 2ED1 2ED2 2ED3 2ED4 OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER 2ED3 OUTPUT COMPARE FLAG (OCFi) OCMPi PIN (OLVLi=1) Figure 43. Output Compare Timing Diagram, Internal Clock Divided by 4 INTERNAL CPU CLOCK TIMER CLOCK COUNTER OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER COMPARE REGISTER LATCH OCFi AND OCMPi PIN (OLVLi=1) 60/125 2ECF 2ED0 2ED1 2ED2 2ED3 2ED4 2ED3 OCMP1 Pin OCMP2 Pin ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.3.5 Forced Compare In this section i may represent 1 or 2. The following bits of the CR1 register are used: FOLV2 FOLV1 OLVL2 OLVL1 When the FOLVi bit is set by software, the OLVLi bit is copied to the OCMPi pin. The OLVi bit has to be toggled in order to toggle the OCMPi pin when it is enabled (OCiE bit=1). The OCFi bit is then not set by hardware, and thus no interrupt request is generated. FOLVLi bits have no effect in both one pulse mode and PWM mode. 6.4.3.6 One Pulse Mode One Pulse mode enables the generation of a pulse when an external event occurs. This mode is selected via the OPM bit in the CR2 register. The one pulse mode uses the Input Capture1 function and the Output Compare1 function. Procedure: To use one pulse mode: 1. Load the OC1R register with the value corresponding to the length of the pulse (see the formula in Section 6.4.3.7). 2. Select the following in the CR1 register: – Using the OLVL1 bit, select the level to be applied to the OCMP1 pin after the pulse. – Using the OLVL2 bit, select the level to be applied to the OCMP1 pin during the pulse. – Select the edge of the active transition on the ICAP1 pin with the IEDG1 bit (the ICAP1 pin must be configured as floating input). 3. Select the following in the CR2 register: – Set the OC1E bit, the OCMP1 pin is then dedicated to the Output Compare 1 function. – Set the OPM bit. – Select the timer clock CC1-CC0 (see Table 14 Clock Control Bits). One pulse mode cycle When event occurs on ICAP1 OCMP1 = OLVL2 Counter is reset to FFFCh ICF1 bit is set When Counter = OC1R OCMP1 = OLVL1 Then, on a valid event on the ICAP1 pin, the counter is initialized to FFFCh and OLVL2 bit is loaded on the OCMP1 pin, the ICF1 bit is set and the value FFFDh is loaded in the IC1R register. When the value of the counter is equal to the value of the contents of the OC1R register, the OLVL1 bit is output on the OCMP1 pin, (See Figure 44). Notes: 1. The OCF1 bit cannot be set by hardware in one pulse mode but the OCF2 bit can generate an Output Compare interrupt. 2. The ICF1 bit is set when an active edge occurs and can generate an interrupt if the ICIE bit is set. 3. When the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and One Pulse Mode (OPM) bits are both set, the PWM mode is the only active one. 4. If OLVL1=OLVL2 a continuous signal will be seen on the OCMP1 pin. 5. The ICAP1 pin can not be used to perform input capture. The ICAP2 pin can be used to perform input capture (ICF2 can be set and IC2R can be loaded) but the user must take care that the counter is reset each time a valid edge occurs on the ICAP1 pin and ICF1 can also generates interrupt if ICIE is set. 6. When the one pulse mode is used OC1R is dedicated to this mode. Nevertheless OC2R and OCF2 can be used to indicate a period of time has been elapsed but cannot generate an output waveform because the level OLVL2 is dedicated to the one pulse mode. 61/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J Figure 44. One Pulse Mode Timing Example COUNTER .... FFFC FFFD FFFE 2ED0 2ED1 2ED2 FFFC FFFD 2ED3 ICAP1 OLVL2 OCMP1 OLVL1 OLVL2 compare1 Note: IEDG1=1, OC1R=2ED0h, OLVL1=0, OLVL2=1 Figure 45. Pulse Width Modulation Mode Timing Example COUNTER 34E2 FFFC FFFD FFFE 2ED0 2ED1 2ED2 OLVL2 OCMP1 compare2 OLVL1 compare1 Note: OC1R=2ED0h, OC2R=34E2, OLVL1=0, OLVL2= 1 62/125 34E2 FFFC OLVL2 compare2 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.3.7 Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode enables the generation of a signal with a frequency and pulse length determined by the value of the OC1R and OC2R registers. The pulse width modulation mode uses the complete Output Compare 1 function plus the OC2R register, and so these functionality can not be used when the PWM mode is activated. Procedure To use pulse width modulation mode: 1. Load the OC2R register with the value corresponding to the period of the signal. 2. Load the OC1R register with the value corresponding to the length of the pulse if (OLVL1=0 and OLVL2=1). 3. Select the following in the CR1 register: – Using the OLVL1 bit, select the level to be applied to the OCMP1 pin after a successful comparison with OC1R register. – Using the OLVL2 bit, select the level to be applied to the OCMP1 pin after a successful comparison with OC2R register. 4. Select the following in the CR2 register: – Set OC1E bit: the OCMP1 pin is then dedicated to the output compare 1 function. – Set the PWM bit. – Select the timer clock (CC1-CC0) (see Table 14 Clock Control Bits). If OLVL1=1 and OLVL2=0 the length of the positive pulse is the difference between the OC2R and OC1R registers. If OLVL1=OLVL2 a continuous signal will be seen on the OCMP1 pin. The OCiR register value required for a specific timing application can be calculated using the following formula: OCiR Value = t * fCPU The Output Compare 2 event causes the counter to be initialized to FFFCh (See Figure 45). Pulse Width Modulation cycle When Counter = OC1R When Counter = OC2R OCMP1 = OLVL1 OCMP1 = OLVL2 Counter is reset to FFFCh ICF1 bit is set Notes: 1. After a write instruction to the OCiHR register, the output compare function is inhibited until the OCiLR register is also written. Therefore the Input Capture 1 function is inhibited but the Input Capture 2 is available. 2. The OCF1 and OCF2 bits cannot be set by hardware in PWM mode therefore the Output Compare interrupt is inhibited. 3. The ICF1 bit is set by hardware when the counter reaches the OC2R value and can produce a timer interrupt if the ICIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared. 4. In PWM mode the ICAP1 pin can not be used to perform input capture because it is disconnected to the timer. The ICAP2 pin can be used to perform input capture (ICF2 can be set and IC2R can be loaded) but the user must take care that the counter is reset each period and ICF1 can also generates interrupt if ICIE is set. 5. When the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and One Pulse Mode (OPM) bits are both set, the PWM mode is the only active one. -5 PRESC Where: t = Desired output compare period (in seconds) fCPU = Internal clock frequency PRESC = Timer prescaler factor (2, 4 or 8 depending on CC1-CC0 bits, see Table 14 Clock Control Bits) 63/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.4 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on 16-bit Timer. Timer interrupts cause the device to exit from WAIT mode. 16-bit Timer registers are frozen. In HALT mode, the counter stops counting until Halt mode is exited. Counting resumes from the previous count when the MCU is woken up by an interrupt with “exit from HALT mode” capability or from the counter reset value when the MCU is woken up by a RESET. If an input capture event occurs on the ICAPi pin, the input capture detection circuitry is armed. Consequently, when the MCU is woken up by an interrupt with “exit from HALT mode” capability, the ICFi bit is set, and the counter value present when exiting from HALT mode is captured into the ICiR register. 6.4.5 Interrupts Interrupt Event Input Capture 1 event/Counter reset in PWM mode Input Capture 2 event Output Compare 1 event (not available in PWM mode) Output Compare 2 event (not available in PWM mode) Timer Overflow event Event Flag ICF1 ICF2 OCF1 OCF2 TOF Enable Control Bit ICIE OCIE TOIE Exit from Wait Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Exit from Halt No No No No No Note: The 16-bit Timer interrupt events are connected to the same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter). These events generate an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit is set and the I-bit in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). 64/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 6.4.6 Register Description Each Timer is associated with three control and status registers, and with six pairs of data registers (16-bit values) relating to the two input captures, the two output compares, the counter and the alternate counter. CONTROL REGISTER 1 (CR1) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 Bit 4 = FOLV2 Forced Output Compare 2. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: No effect on the OCMP2 pin. 1: Forces the OLVL2 bit to be copied to the OCMP2 pin, if the OC2E bit is set and even if there is no successful comparison. Bit 3 = FOLV1 Forced Output Compare 1. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: No effect on the OCMP1 pin. 1: Forces OLVL1 to be copied to the OCMP1 pin, if the OC1E bit is set and even if there is no successful comparison. ICIE OCIE TOIE FOLV2 FOLV1 OLVL2 IEDG1 OLVL1 Bit 7 = ICIE Input Capture Interrupt Enable. 0: Interrupt is inhibited. 1: A timer interrupt is generated whenever the ICF1 or ICF2 bit of the SR register is set. Bit 6 = OCIE Output Compare Interrupt Enable. 0: Interrupt is inhibited. 1: A timer interrupt is generated whenever the OCF1 or OCF2 bit of the SR register is set. Bit 5 = TOIE Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable. 0: Interrupt is inhibited. 1: A timer interrupt is enabled whenever the TOF bit of the SR register is set. Bit 2 = OLVL2 Output Level 2. This bit is copied to the OCMP2 pin whenever a successful comparison occurs with the OC2R register and OCxE is set in the CR2 register. This value is copied to the OCMP1 pin in One Pulse Mode and Pulse Width Modulation mode. Bit 1 = IEDG1 Input Edge 1. This bit determines which type of level transition on the ICAP1 pin will trigger the capture. 0: A falling edge triggers the capture. 1: A rising edge triggers the capture. Bit 0 = OLVL1 Output Level 1. The OLVL1 bit is copied to the OCMP1 pin whenever a successful comparison occurs with the OC1R register and the OC1E bit is set in the CR2 register. 65/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) CONTROL REGISTER 2 (CR2) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 0 OC1E OC2E OPM PWM CC1 CC0 IEDG2 EXEDG Bit 7 = OC1E Output Compare 1 Pin Enable. This bit is used only to output the signal from the timer on the OCMP1 pin (OLV1 in Output Compare mode, both OLV1 and OLV2 in PWM and one-pulse mode). Whatever the value of the OC1E bit, the Output Compare 1 function of the timer remains active. 0: OCMP1 pin alternate function disabled (I/O pin free for general-purpose I/O). 1: OCMP1 pin alternate function enabled. Bit 6 = OC2E Output Compare 2 Enable. This bit is used only to output the signal from the timer on the OCMP2 pin (OLV2 in Output Compare mode). Whatever the value of the OC2E bit, the Output Compare 2 function of the timer remains active. 0: OCMP2 pin alternate function disabled (I/O pin free for general-purpose I/O). 1: OCMP2 pin alternate function enabled. Bit 5 = OPM One Pulse Mode. 0: One Pulse Mode is not active. 1: One Pulse Mode is active, the ICAP1 pin can be used to trigger one pulse on the OCMP1 pin; the active transition is given by the IEDG1 bit. The length of the generated pulse depends on the contents of the OC1R register. 66/125 Bit 4 = PWM Pulse Width Modulation. 0: PWM mode is not active. 1: PWM mode is active, the OCMP1 pin outputs a programmable cyclic signal; the length of the pulse depends on the value of OC1R register; the period depends on the value of OC2R register. Bit 3, 2 = CC1-CC0 Clock Control. The value of the timer clock depends on these bits: Table 14. Clock Control Bits Timer Clock fCPU / 4 fCPU / 2 fCPU / 8 External Clock (where available) CC1 0 0 1 CC0 0 1 0 1 1 Bit 1 = IEDG2 Input Edge 2. This bit determines which type of level transition on the ICAP2 pin will trigger the capture. 0: A falling edge triggers the capture. 1: A rising edge triggers the capture. Bit 0 = EXEDG External Clock Edge. This bit determines which type of level transition on the external clock pin EXTCLK will trigger the free running counter. 0: A falling edge triggers the free running counter. 1: A rising edge triggers the free running counter. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) STATUS REGISTER (SR) Read Only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) The three least significant bits are not used. 7 ICF1 0 OCF1 TOF ICF2 OCF2 0 0 0 Bit 7 = ICF1 Input Capture Flag 1. 0: No input capture (reset value). 1: An input capture has occurred or the counter has reached the OC2R value in PWM mode. To clear this bit, first read the SR register, then read or write the low byte of the IC1R (IC1LR) register. Bit 6 = OCF1 Output Compare Flag 1. 0: No match (reset value). 1: The content of the free running counter has matched the content of the OC1R register. To clear this bit, first read the SR register, then read or write the low byte of the OC1R (OC1LR) register. Bit 5 = TOF Timer Overflow. 0: No timer overflow (reset value). 1: The free running counter rolled over from FFFFh to 0000h. To clear this bit, first read the SR register, then read or write the low byte of the CR (CLR) register. Note: Reading or writing the ACLR register does not clear TOF. Bit 4 = ICF2 Input Capture Flag 2. 0: No input capture (reset value). 1: An input capture has occurred.To clear this bit, first read the SR register, then read or write the low byte of the IC2R (IC2LR) register. Bit 3 = OCF2 Output Compare Flag 2. 0: No match (reset value). 1: The content of the free running counter has matched the content of the OC2R register. To clear this bit, first read the SR register, then read or write the low byte of the OC2R (OC2LR) register. Bit 2-0 = Reserved, forced by hardware to 0. INPUT CAPTURE 1 HIGH REGISTER (IC1HR) Read Only Reset Value: Undefined This is an 8-bit read only register that contains the high part of the counter value (transferred by the input capture 1 event). 7 0 MSB LSB INPUT CAPTURE 1 LOW REGISTER (IC1LR) Read Only Reset Value: Undefined This is an 8-bit read only register that contains the low part of the counter value (transferred by the input capture 1 event). 7 0 MSB LSB OUTPUT COMPARE 1 HIGH REGISTER (OC1HR) Read/Write Reset Value: 1000 0000 (80h) This is an 8-bit register that contains the high part of the value to be compared to the CHR register. 7 0 MSB LSB OUTPUT COMPARE 1 LOW REGISTER (OC1LR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) This is an 8-bit register that contains the low part of the value to be compared to the CLR register. 7 0 MSB LSB 67/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) OUTPUT COMPARE 2 HIGH REGISTER (OC2HR) Read/Write Reset Value: 1000 0000 (80h) This is an 8-bit register that contains the high part of the value to be compared to the CHR register. ALTERNATE COUNTER HIGH REGISTER (ACHR) Read Only Reset Value: 1111 1111 (FFh) This is an 8-bit register that contains the high part of the counter value. 7 0 7 0 MSB LSB MSB LSB OUTPUT COMPARE 2 LOW REGISTER (OC2LR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) This is an 8-bit register that contains the low part of the value to be compared to the CLR register. 7 0 MSB LSB COUNTER HIGH REGISTER (CHR) Read Only Reset Value: 1111 1111 (FFh) This is an 8-bit register that contains the high part of the counter value. 7 0 MSB LSB COUNTER LOW REGISTER (CLR) Read Only Reset Value: 1111 1100 (FCh) This is an 8-bit register that contains the low part of the counter value. A write to this register resets the counter. An access to this register after accessing the SR register clears the TOF bit. 7 0 MSB LSB 68/125 ALTERNATE COUNTER LOW REGISTER (ACLR) Read Only Reset Value: 1111 1100 (FCh) This is an 8-bit register that contains the low part of the counter value. A write to this register resets the counter. An access to this register after an access to SR register does not clear the TOF bit in SR register. 7 0 MSB LSB INPUT CAPTURE 2 HIGH REGISTER (IC2HR) Read Only Reset Value: Undefined This is an 8-bit read only register that contains the high part of the counter value (transferred by the Input Capture 2 event). 7 0 MSB LSB INPUT CAPTURE 2 LOW REGISTER (IC2LR) Read Only Reset Value: Undefined This is an 8-bit read only register that contains the low part of the counter value (transferred by the Input Capture 2 event). 7 0 MSB LSB ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) Table 15. 16-Bit Timer Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) Register Label Timer A: 32 CR1 Timer B: 42 Reset Value Timer A: 31 CR2 Timer B: 41 Reset Value Timer A: 33 SR Timer B: 43 Reset Value Timer A: 34 ICHR1 Timer B: 44 Reset Value Timer A: 35 ICLR1 Timer B: 45 Reset Value Timer A: 36 OCHR1 Timer B: 46 Reset Value Timer A: 37 OCLR1 Timer B: 47 Reset Value Timer A: 3E OCHR2 Timer B: 4E Reset Value Timer A: 3F OCLR2 Timer B: 4F Reset Value Timer A: 38 CHR Timer B: 48 Reset Value Timer A: 39 CLR Timer B: 49 Reset Value Timer A: 3A ACHR Timer B: 4A Reset Value Timer A: 3B ACLR Timer B: 4B Reset Value Timer A: 3C ICHR2 Timer B: 4C Reset Value Timer A: 3D ICLR2 Timer B: 4D Reset Value 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ICIE OCIE TOIE FOLV2 FOLV1 OLVL2 IEDG1 OLVL1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OC1E OC2E OPM PWM CC1 CC0 IEDG2 EXEDG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ICF1 OCF1 TOF ICF2 OCF2 - - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LSB 1 MSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 LSB 0 MSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LSB 1 MSB 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 LSB 0 MSB - - - - - - - LSB - MSB - - - - - - - LSB - 69/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.5 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) 6.5.3 General description The SPI is connected to external devices through 4 alternate pins: – MISO: Master In Slave Out pin – MOSI: Master Out Slave In pin – SCK: Serial Clock pin – SS: Slave select pin 6.5.1 Introduction The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows fullduplex, synchronous, serial communication with external devices. An SPI system may consist of a master and one or more slaves or a system in which devices may be either masters or slaves. The SPI is normally used for communication between the microcontroller and external peripherals or another microcontroller. Refer to the Pin Description chapter for the devicespecific pin-out. A basic example of interconnections between a single master and a single slave is illustrated on Figure 46. The MOSI pins are connected together as are MISO pins. In this way data is transferred serially between master and slave (most significant bit first). When the master device transmits data to a slave device via MOSI pin, the slave device responds by sending data to the master device via the MISO pin. This implies full duplex transmission with both data out and data in synchronized with the same clock signal (which is provided by the master device via the SCK pin). Thus, the byte transmitted is replaced by the byte received and eliminates the need for separate transmit-empty and receiver-full bits. A status flag is used to indicate that the I/O operation is complete. Four possible data/clock timing relationships may be chosen (see Figure 49) but master and slave must be programmed with the same timing mode. 6.5.2 Main Features ■ Full duplex, three-wire synchronous transfers ■ Master or slave operation ■ Four master mode frequencies ■ Maximum slave mode frequency = fCPU/2. ■ Four programmable master bit rates ■ Programmable clock polarity and phase ■ End of transfer interrupt flag ■ Write collision flag protection ■ Master mode fault protection capability. Figure 46. Serial Peripheral Interface Master/Slave SLAVE MASTER MSBit LSBit 8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER SPI CLOCK GENERATOR 70/125 MSBit MISO MISO MOSI MOSI SCK SS SCK +5V SS LSBit 8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) Figure 47. Serial Peripheral Interface Block Diagram Internal Bus Read DR IT Read Buffer request MOSI MISO SR 8-Bit Shift Register SPIF WCOL - MODF - - - - Write SPI STATE CONTROL SCK SS CR SPIE SPE SPR2 MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0 MASTER CONTROL SERIAL CLOCK GENERATOR 71/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4 Functional Description Figure 46 shows the serial peripheral interface (SPI) block diagram. This interface contains 3 dedicated registers: – A Control Register (CR) – A Status Register (SR) – A Data Register (DR) Refer to the CR, SR and DR registers in Section 6.5.7for the bit definitions. 6.5.4.1 Master Configuration In a master configuration, the serial clock is generated on the SCK pin. Procedure – Select the SPR0 & SPR1 bits to define the serial clock baud rate (see CR register). – Select the CPOL and CPHA bits to define one of the four relationships between the data transfer and the serial clock (see Figure 49). – The SS pin must be connected to a high level signal during the complete byte transmit sequence. – The MSTR and SPE bits must be set (they remain set only if the SS pin is connected to a high level signal). 72/125 In this configuration the MOSI pin is a data output and to the MISO pin is a data input. Transmit sequence The transmit sequence begins when a byte is written the DR register. The data byte is parallel loaded into the 8-bit shift register (from the internal bus) during a write cycle and then shifted out serially to the MOSI pin most significant bit first. When data transfer is complete: – The SPIF bit is set by hardware – An interrupt is generated if the SPIE bit is set and the I bit in the CCR register is cleared. During the last clock cycle the SPIF bit is set, a copy of the data byte received in the shift register is moved to a buffer. When the DR register is read, the SPI peripheral returns this buffered value. Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SR register while the SPIF bit is set 2. A write or a read of the DR register. Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the DR register are inhibited until the SR register is read. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4.2 Slave Configuration In slave configuration, the serial clock is received on the SCK pin from the master device. The value of the SPR0 & SPR1 bits is not used for the data transfer. Procedure – For correct data transfer, the slave device must be in the same timing mode as the master device (CPOL and CPHA bits). See Figure 49. – The SS pin must be connected to a low level signal during the complete byte transmit sequence. – Clear the MSTR bit and set the SPE bit to assign the pins to alternate function. In this configuration the MOSI pin is a data input and the MISO pin is a data output. Transmit Sequence The data byte is parallel loaded into the 8-bit shift register (from the internal bus) during a write cycle and then shifted out serially to the MISO pin most significant bit first. The transmit sequence begins when the slave device receives the clock signal and the most significant bit of the data on its MOSI pin. When data transfer is complete: – The SPIF bit is set by hardware – An interrupt is generated if SPIE bit is set and I bit in CCR register is cleared. During the last clock cycle the SPIF bit is set, a copy of the data byte received in the shift register is moved to a buffer. When the DR register is read, the SPI peripheral returns this buffered value. Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SR register while the SPIF bit is set. 2. A write or a read of the DR register. Notes: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the DR register are inhibited until the SR register is read. The SPIF bit can be cleared during a second transmission; however, it must be cleared before the second SPIF bit in order to prevent an overrun condition (see Section 6.5.4.6). Depending on the CPHA bit, the SS pin has to be set to write to the DR register between each data byte transfer to avoid a write collision (see Section 6.5.4.4). 73/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4.3 Data Transfer Format During an SPI transfer, data is simultaneously transmitted (shifted out serially) and received (shifted in serially). The serial clock is used to synchronize the data transfer during a sequence of eight clock pulses. The SS pin allows individual selection of a slave device; the other slave devices that are not selected do not interfere with the SPI transfer. Clock Phase and Clock Polarity Four possible timing relationships may be chosen by software, using the CPOL and CPHA bits. The CPOL (clock polarity) bit controls the steady state value of the clock when no data is being transferred. This bit affects both master and slave modes. The combination between the CPOL and CPHA (clock phase) bits selects the data capture clock edge. Figure 49, shows an SPI transfer with the four combinations of the CPHA and CPOL bits. The diagram may be interpreted as a master or slave timing diagram where the SCK pin, the MISO pin, the MOSI pin are directly connected between the master and the slave device. The SS pin is the slave device select input and can be driven by the master device. The master device applies data to its MOSI pinclock edge before the capture clock edge. CPHA bit is set The second edge on the SCK pin (falling edge if the CPOL bit is reset, rising edge if the CPOL bit is set) is the MSBit capture strobe. Data is latched on the occurrence of the first clock transition. No write collision should occur even if the SS pin stays low during a transfer of several bytes (see Figure 48). CPHA bit is reset The first edge on the SCK pin (falling edge if CPOL bit is set, rising edge if CPOL bit is reset) is the MSBit capture strobe. Data is latched on the occurrence of the second clock transition. This pin must be toggled high and low between each byte transmitted (see Figure 48). To protect the transmission from a write collision a low value on the SS pin of a slave device freezes the data in its DR register and does not allow it to be altered. Therefore the SS pin must be high to write a new data byte in the DR without producing a write collision. Figure 48. CPHA / SS Timing Diagram MOSI/MISO Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3 Master SS Slave SS (CPHA=0) Slave SS (CPHA=1) VR02131A 74/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) Figure 49. Data Clock Timing Diagram CPHA =1 CPOL = 1 CPOL = 0 MISO (from master) MOSI (from slave) MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit SS (to slave) CAPTURE STROBE CPHA =0 CPOL = 1 CPOL = 0 MSBit MISO (from master) MOSI (from slave) MSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit3 Bit 2 Bit 1 LSBit SS (to slave) CAPTURE STROBE Note: This figure should not be used as a replacement for parametric information. Refer to the Electrical Characteristics chapter. VR02131B 75/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4.4 Write Collision Error A write collision occurs when the software tries to write to the DR register while a data transfer is taking place with an external device. When this happens, the transfer continues uninterrupted; and the software write will be unsuccessful. Write collisions can occur both in master and slave mode. Note: a ”read collision” will never occur since the received data byte is placed in a buffer in which access is always synchronous with the MCU operation. In Slave mode When the CPHA bit is set: The slave device will receive a clock (SCK) edge prior to the latch of the first data transfer. This first clock edge will freeze the data in the slave device DR register and output the MSBit on to the external MISO pin of the slave device. The SS pin low state enables the slave device but the output of the MSBit onto the MISO pin does not take place until the first data transfer clock edge. When the CPHA bit is reset: Data is latched on the occurrence of the first clock transition. The slave device does not have any way of knowing when that transition will occur; therefore, the slave device collision occurs when software attempts to write the DR register after its SS pin has been pulled low. For this reason, the SS pin must be high, between each data byte transfer, to allow the CPU to write in the DR register without generating a write collision. In Master mode Collision in the master device is defined as a write of the DR register while the internal serial clock (SCK) is in the process of transfer. The SS pin signal must be always high on the master device. WCOL bit The WCOL bit in the SR register is set if a write collision occurs. No SPI interrupt is generated when the WCOL bit is set (the WCOL bit is a status flag only). Clearing the WCOL bit is done through a software sequence (see Figure 50). Figure 50. Clearing the WCOL bit (Write Collision Flag) Software Sequence Clearing sequence after SPIF = 1 (end of a data byte transfer) 1st Step Read SR OR Read SR THEN THEN 2nd Step Read DR SPIF =0 WCOL=0 Write DR SPIF =0 WCOL=0 if no transfer has started WCOL=1 if a transfer has started before the 2nd step Clearing sequence before SPIF = 1 (during a data byte transfer) 1st Step Read SR THEN 2nd Step 76/125 Read DR WCOL=0 Note: Writing in DR register instead of reading in it do not reset WCOL bit ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4.5 Master Mode Fault Master mode fault occurs when the master device has its SS pin pulled low, then the MODF bit is set. Master mode fault affects the SPI peripheral in the following ways: – The MODF bit is set and an SPI interrupt is generated if the SPIE bit is set. – The SPE bit is reset. This blocks all output from the device and disables the SPI peripheral. – The MSTR bit is reset, thus forcing the device into slave mode. Clearing the MODF bit is done through a software sequence: 1. A read or write access to the SR register while the MODF bit is set. 2. A write to the CR register. Notes: To avoid any multiple slave conflicts in the case of a system comprising several MCUs, the SS pin must be pulled high during the clearing sequence of the MODF bit. The SPE and MSTR bits may be restored to their original state during or after this clearing sequence. Hardware does not allow the user to set the SPE and MSTR bits while the MODF bit is set except in the MODF bit clearing sequence. In a slave device the MODF bit can not be set, but in a multi master configuration the device can be in slave mode with this MODF bit set. The MODF bit indicates that there might have been a multi-master conflict for system control and allows a proper exit from system operation to a reset or default system state using an interrupt routine. 6.5.4.6 Overrun Condition An overrun condition occurs, when the master device has sent several data bytes and the slave device has not cleared the SPIF bit issuing from the previous data byte transmitted. In this case, the receiver buffer contains the byte sent after the SPIF bit was last cleared. A read to the DR register returns this byte. All other bytes are lost. This condition is not detected by the SPI peripheral. 77/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.4.7 Single Master and Multimaster Configurations There are two types of SPI systems: For more security, the slave device may respond to the master with the received data byte. Then the – Single Master System master will receive the previous byte back from the – Multimaster System slave device if all MISO and MOSI pins are connected and the slave has not written its DR register. Single Master System Other transmission security methods can use A typical single master system may be configured, ports for handshake lines or data bytes with comusing an MCU as the master and four MCUs as mand fields. slaves (see Figure 51). Multi-master System The master device selects the individual slave deA multi-master system may also be configured by vices by using four pins of a parallel port to control the user. Transfer of master control could be imthe four SS pins of the slave devices. plemented using a handshake method through the The SS pins are pulled high during reset since the I/O ports or by an exchange of code messages master device ports will be forced to be inputs at through the serial peripheral interface system. that time, thus disabling the slave devices. The multi-master system is principally handled by the MSTR bit in the CR register and the MODF bit Note: To prevent a bus conflict on the MISO line in the SR register. the master allows only one slave device during a transmission. Figure 51. Single Master Configuration SS SCK Slave MCU Slave MCU MOSI MISO MOSI MISO SCK Master MCU 5V 78/125 SS Ports MOSI MISO SS SS SCK SS SCK Slave MCU SCK Slave MCU MOSI MISO MOSI MISO ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.5 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on SPI. SPI interrupt events cause the device to exit from WAIT mode. SPI registers are frozen. In HALT mode, the SPI is inactive. SPI operation resumes when the MCU is woken up by an interrupt with “exit from HALT mode” capability. 6.5.6 Interrupts Interrupt Event SPI End of Transfer Event Master Mode Fault Event Event Flag Enable Control Bit SPIF MODF SPIE Exit from Wait Yes Yes Exit from Halt No No Note: The SPI interrupt events are connected to the same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter). They generate an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit is set and the I-bit in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). 79/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.5.7 Register Description CONTROL REGISTER (CR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000xxxx (0xh) 7 SPIE 0 SPE SPR2 MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0 Bit 7 = SPIE Serial peripheral interrupt enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: Interrupt is inhibited 1: An SPI interrupt is generated whenever SPIF=1 or MODF=1 in the SR register Bit 6 = SPE Serial peripheral output enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0 (see Section 6.5.4.5 Master Mode Fault). 0: I/O port connected to pins 1: SPI alternate functions connected to pins The SPE bit is cleared by reset, so the SPI peripheral is not initially connected to the external pins. Bit 5 = SPR2 Divider Enable. this bit is set and cleared by software and it is cleared by reset. It is used with the SPR[1:0] bits to set the baud rate. Refer to Table 16. 0: Divider by 2 enabled 1: Divider by 2 disabled Bit 4 = MSTR Master. This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0 (see Section 6.5.4.5 Master Mode Fault). 0: Slave mode is selected 1: Master mode is selected, the function of the SCK pin changes from an input to an output and the functions of the MISO and MOSI pins are reversed. 80/125 Bit 3 = CPOL Clock polarity. This bit is set and cleared by software. This bit determines the steady state of the serial Clock. The CPOL bit affects both the master and slave modes. 0: The steady state is a low value at the SCK pin. 1: The steady state is a high value at the SCK pin. Bit 2 = CPHA Clock phase. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: The first clock transition is the first data capture edge. 1: The second clock transition is the first capture edge. Bit 1:0 = SPR[1:0] Serial peripheral rate. These bits are set and cleared by software.Used with the SPR2 bit, they select one of six baud rates to be used as the serial clock when the device is a master. These 2 bits have no effect in slave mode. Table 16. Serial Peripheral Baud Rate Serial Clock SPR2 SPR1 SPR0 fCPU/2 1 0 0 fCPU/8 0 0 0 fCPU/16 0 0 1 fCPU/32 1 1 0 fCPU/64 0 1 0 fCPU/128 0 1 1 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) STATUS REGISTER (SR) Read Only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 SPIF WCOL - MODF - - - DATA I/O REGISTER (DR) Read/Write Reset Value: Undefined 0 7 - D7 Bit 7 = SPIF Serial Peripheral data transfer flag. This bit is set by hardware when a transfer has been completed. An interrupt is generated if SPIE=1 in the CR register. It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read or write to the DR register). 0: Data transfer is in progress or has been approved by a clearing sequence. 1: Data transfer between the device and an external device has been completed. Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the DR register are inhibited. Bit 6 = WCOL Write Collision status. This bit is set by hardware when a write to the DR register is done during a transmit sequence. It is cleared by a software sequence (see Figure 50). 0: No write collision occurred 1: A write collision has been detected 0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 The DR register is used to transmit and receive data on the serial bus. In the master device only a write to this register will initiate transmission/reception of another byte. Notes: During the last clock cycle the SPIF bit is set, a copy of the received data byte in the shift register is moved to a buffer. When the user reads the serial peripheral data I/O register, the buffer is actually being read. Warning: A write to the DR register places data directly into the shift register for transmission. A write to the the DR register returns the value located in the buffer and not the contents of the shift register (See Figure 47 ). Bit 5 = Unused. Bit 4 = MODF Mode Fault flag. This bit is set by hardware when the SS pin is pulled low in master mode (see Section 6.5.4.5 Master Mode Fault). An SPI interrupt can be generated if SPIE=1 in the CR register. This bit is cleared by a software sequence (An access to the SR register while MODF=1 followed by a write to the CR register). 0: No master mode fault detected 1: A fault in master mode has been detected Bits 3-0 = Unused. 81/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d) Table 17. SPI Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0021h SPIDR Reset Value MSB x x x x x x x LSB x 0022h SPICR Reset Value SPIE 0 SPE 0 SPR2 0 MSTR 0 CPOL x CPHA x SPR1 x SPR0 x 0023h SPISR Reset Value SPIF 0 WCOL 0 0 MODF 0 0 0 0 0 (Hex.) 82/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.6 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (SCI) 6.6.1 Introduction The Serial Communications Interface (SCI) offers a flexible means of full-duplex data exchange with external equipment requiring an industry standard NRZ asynchronous serial data format. The SCI offers a very wide range of baud rates using two baud rate generator systems. 6.6.2 Main Features ■ Full duplex, asynchronous communications ■ NRZ standard format (Mark/Space) ■ Dual baud rate generator systems ■ Independently programmable transmit and receive baud rates up to 250K baud. ■ Programmable data word length (8 or 9 bits) ■ Receive buffer full, Transmit buffer empty and End of Transmission flags ■ Two receiver wake-up modes: – Address bit (MSB) – Idle line ■ Muting functionfor multiprocessor configurations ■ Separate enable bits for Transmitter and Receiver ■ Three error detection flags: – Overrun error – Noise error – Frame error ■ Five interrupt sources with flags: – Transmit data register empty – Transmission complete – Receive data register full – Idle line received – Overrun error detected 6.6.3 General Description The interface is externally connected to another device by two pins (see Figure 53): – TDO: Transmit Data Output. When the transmitter is disabled, the output pin returns to its I/O port configuration. When the transmitter is enabled and nothing is to be transmitted, the TDO pin is at high level. – RDI: Receive Data Input is the serial data input. Oversampling techniques are used for data recovery by discriminating between valid incoming data and noise. Through this pins, serial data is transmitted and received as frames comprising: – An Idle Line prior to transmission or reception – A start bit – A data word (8 or 9 bits) least significant bit first – A Stop bit indicating that the frame is complete. This interface usestwo types of baud rate generator: – A conventional type for commonly-used baud rates, – An extended type with a prescaler offering a very wide range of baud rates even with non-standard oscillator frequencies. 83/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) Figure 52. SCI Block Diagram Write Read (DATA REGIST ER) DR Received Data Register (RDR) Transmit Data Register (TDR) TDO Received Shift Register Transmit Shift Register RDI CR1 R8 TRANSMIT WAKE UP CONTROL UNIT T8 - M WAKE - - - RECEIVER RECEIVE R CONTROL CLOCK SR CR2 TIE TCIE RIE ILIE TE RE RWU SBK TDRE TC RDRF IDLE OR NF FE SCI INTERRUPT CONTROL TRANSMIT TER CLOCK TRANS MITTER RATE fCPU CONTROL /16 /2 /PR BRR SCP1 SCP0SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 SCR2 SCR1SCR0 RECEIVER RATE CONTROL CONVEN TIONAL BAUD RATE GENERATOR 84/125 - ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.4 Functional Description The block diagram of the Serial Control Interface, is shown in Figure 52. It contains 6 dedicated registers: – Two control registers (CR1 & CR2) – A status register (SR) – A baud rate register (BRR) – An extended prescaler receiver register (ERPR) – Anextendedprescalertransmitter register (ETPR) Refer to the register descriptions in Section 6.6.7for the definitions of each bit. 6.6.4.1 Serial Data Format Word length may be selected as being either 8 or 9 bits by programming the M bit in the CR1 register (see Figure 52). The TDO pin is in low state during the start bit. The TDO pin is in high state during the stop bit. An Idle character is interpreted as an entire frame of “1”s followed by the start bit of the next frame which contains data. A Break character is interpreted on receiving “0”s for some multiple of the frame period. At the end of the last break frame the transmitter inserts an extra “1” bit to acknowledge the start bit. Transmission and reception are driven by their own baud rate generator. Figure 53. Word length programming 9-bit Word length (M bit is set) Possible Parity Bit Data Frame Start Bit Bit0 Bit2 Bit1 Bit3 Bit4 Bit5 Bit6 Start Bit Break Frame Extra ’1’ Possible Parity Bit Data Frame Bit0 Bit8 Next Stop Start Bit Bit Idle Frame 8-bit Word length (M bit is reset) Start Bit Bit7 Next Data Frame Bit1 Bit2 Bit3 Bit4 Bit5 Bit6 Bit7 Start Bit Next Data Frame Stop Bit Next Start Bit Idle Frame Start Bit Break Frame Extra Start Bit ’1’ 85/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.4.2 Transmitter The transmitter can send data words of either 8 or 9 bits depending on the M bit status. When the M bit is set, word length is 9 bits and the 9th bit (the MSB) has to be stored in the T8 bit in the CR1 register. Character Transmission During an SCI transmission, data shifts out least significant bit first on the TDO pin. In this mode, the DR register consists of a buffer (TDR) between the internal bus and the transmit shift register (see Figure 52). Procedure – Select the M bit to define the word length. – Select the desired baud rate using the BRR and the ETPR registers. – Set the TE bit to assign the TDO pin to the alternate function and to send a idle frame as first transmission. – Access the SR register and write the data to send in the DR register (this sequence clears the TDRE bit). Repeat this sequence for each data to be transmitted. Clearing the TDRE bit is always performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SR register 2. A write to the DR register The TDRE bit is set by hardware and it indicates: – The TDR register is empty. – The data transfer is beginning. – The next data can be written in the DR register without overwriting the previous data. This flag generates an interrupt if the TIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared in the CCR register. When a transmission is taking place, a write instruction to the DR register stores the data in the TDR register and which is copied in the shift register at the end of the current transmission. When no transmission is taking place, a write instruction to the DR register places the data directly in the shift register, the data transmission starts, and the TDRE bit is immediately set. 86/125 When a frame transmission is complete (after the stop bit or after the break frame) the TC bit is set and an interrupt is generated if the TCIE is set and the I bit is cleared in the CCR register. Clearing the TC bit is performed by the following software sequence: 1. An access to the SR register 2. A write to the DR register Note: The TDRE and TC bits are cleared by the same software sequence. Break Characters Setting the SBK bit loads the shift register with a break character. The break frame length depends on the M bit (see Figure 53). As long as the SBK bit is set, the SCI send break frames to the TDO pin. After clearing this bit by software the SCI insert a logic 1 bit at the end of the last break frame to guarantee the recognition of the start bit of the next frame. Idle Characters Setting the TE bit drives the SCI to send an idle frame before the first data frame. Clearing and then setting the TE bit during a transmission sends an idle frame after the current word. Note: Resetting and setting the TE bit causes the data in the TDR register to be lost. Therefore the best time to toggle the TE bit is when the TDRE bit is set i.e. before writing the next byte in the DR. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.4.3 Receiver The SCI can receive data words of either 8 or 9 bits. When the M bit is set, word length is 9 bits and the MSB is stored in the R8 bit in the CR1 register. Character reception During a SCI reception, data shifts in least significant bit first through the RDI pin. In this mode, DR register consists in a buffer (RDR) between the internal bus and the received shift register (see Figure 52). Procedure – Select the M bit to define the word length. – Select the desired baud rate using the BRR and the ERPR registers. – Set the RE bit, this enables the receiver which begins searching for a start bit. When a character is received: – The RDRF bit is set. It indicates that the content of the shift register is transferred to the RDR. – An interrupt is generated if the RIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared in the CCR register. – The error flags can be set if a frame error, noise or an overrun error has been detected during reception. Clearing the RDRF bit is performed by the following software sequence done by: 1. An access to the SR register 2. A read to the DR register. The RDRF bit must be cleared before the end of the reception of the next character to avoid an overrun error. Break Character When a break character is received, the SPI handles it as a framing error. Idle Character When a idle frame is detected, there is the same procedure as a data received character plus an interrupt if the ILIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared in the CCR register. Overrun Error An overrun error occurs when a character is received when RDRF has not been reset. Data can not be transferred from the shift register to the TDR register as long as the RDRF bit is not cleared. When a overrun error occurs: – The OR bit is set. – The RDR content will not be lost. – The shift register will be overwritten. – An interrupt is generated if the RIE bit is set and the I bit is cleared in the CCR register. The OR bit is reset by an access to the SR register followed by a DR register read operation. Noise Error Oversampling techniques are used for data recovery by discriminating between valid incoming data and noise. When noise is detected in a frame: – The NF is set at the rising edge of the RDRF bit. – Data is transferred from the Shift register to the DR register. – No interrupt is generated. However this bit rises at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself generates an interrupt. The NF bit is reset by a SR register read operation followed by a DR register read operation. Framing Error A framing error is detected when: – The stop bit is not recognized on reception at the expected time, following either a de-synchronization or excessive noise. – A break is received. When the framing error is detected: – the FE bit is set by hardware – Data is transferred from the Shift register to the DR register. – No interrupt is generated. However this bit rises at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself generates an interrupt. The FE bit is reset by a SR register read operation followed by a DR register read operation. 87/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) Figure 54. SCI Baud Rate and Extended Prescaler Block Diagram EXTE NDED PRESCALER TRANSMITTE R RATE CONTROL ETPR EXTE NDED TRANS MITTER PRESCALE R REGISTER ERPR EXTE NDED RECEIVER PRESCALER REGISTER EXTE NDED PRESCALER RECEIVER RATE CONTROL EXTENDED PRESCALER fCPU TRANSMI TTER CLOCK TRANSMIT TER RATE CONTROL /16 /2 /PR BRR SCP1 SCP0SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 SCR2 SCR1SCR0 RECEIVER CLOCK RECEIVER RATE CONTROL CONVENTIONAL BAUD RATE GENERATOR 88/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.4.4 Conventional Baud Rate Generation than zero. The baud rates are calculated as follows: The baud rate for the receiver and transmitter (Rx and Tx) are set independently and calculated as fCPU fCPU follows: Rx = Tx = fCPU fCPU 16*ERPR 16*ETPR Rx = Tx = (32*PR)*RR (32*PR)*TR with: with: ETPR = 1,..,255 (see ETPR register) PR = 1, 3, 4 or 13 (see SCP0 & SCP1 bits) ERPR = 1,.. 255 (see ERPR register) TR = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,128 6.6.4.6 Receiver Muting and Wake-up Feature (see SCT0, SCT1 & SCT2 bits) In multiprocessor configurations it is often desirable that only the intended message recipient RR = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,128 should actively receive the full message contents, (see SCR0,SCR1 & SCR2 bits) thus reducing redundant SCI service overhead for All this bits are in the BRR register. all non addressed receivers. Example: If fCPU is 8 MHz (normal mode) and if The non addressed devices may be placed in PR=13 and TR=RR=1, the transmit and receive sleep mode by means of the muting function. baud rates are 19200 baud. Setting the RWU bit by software puts the SCI in Note: the baud rate registers MUST NOT be sleep mode: changed while the transmitter or the receiver is enAll the reception status bits can not be set. abled. All the receive interrupt are inhibited. 6.6.4.5 Extended Baud Rate Generation A muted receiver may be awakened by one of the The extended prescaler option gives a very fine following two ways: tuning on the baud rate, using a 255 value prescal– by Idle Line detection if the WAKE bit is reset, er, whereas the conventional Baud Rate Generator retains industry standard software compatibili– by Address Mark detection if the WAKE bit is set. ty. Receiver wakes-up by Idle Line detection when The extended baud rate generator block diagram the Receive line has recognised an Idle Frame. is described in the Figure 54. Then the RWU bit is reset by hardware but the IDLE bit is not set. The output clock rate sent to the transmitter or to the receiver will be the output from the 16 divider Receiver wakes-up by Address Mark detection divided by a factor ranging from 1 to 255 set in the when it received a “1” as the most significant bit of ERPR or the ETPR register. a word, thus indicating that the message is an address. The reception of this particular word wakes Note: the extended prescaler is activated by setup the receiver, resets the RWU bit and sets the ting the ETPR or ERPR register to a value other RDRF bit, which allows the receiver to receive this word normally and to use it as an address word. 89/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.5 Low Power Modes Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on SCI. SCI interrupts cause the device to exit from Wait mode. SCI registers are frozen. In Halt mode, the SCI stops transmitting/receiving until Halt mode is exited. 6.6.6 Interrupts Interrupt Event Transmit Data Register Empty Transmission Complete Received Data Ready to be Read Overrrun Error Detected Idle Line Detected The SCI interrupt events are connected to the same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter). 90/125 Event Flag TDRE TC RDRF OR IDLE Enable Control Bit TIE TCIE RIE ILIE Exit from Wait Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Exit from Halt No No No No No These events generate an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit is set and the I-bit in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction). ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) 6.6.7 Register Description STATUS REGISTER (SR) Read Only Reset Value: 1100 0000 (C0h) 7 TDRE 0 TC RDRF IDLE OR NF FE - Bit 7 = TDRE Transmit data register empty. This bit is set by hardware when the content of the TDR register has been transferred into the shift register. An interrupt is generated if the TIE =1 in the CR2 register. It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a write to the DR register). 0: Data is not transferred to the shift register 1: Data is transferred to the shift register Note: data will not be transferred to the shift register as long as the TDRE bit is not reset. Bit 6 = TC Transmission complete. This bit is set by hardware when transmission of a frame containing Data, a Preamble or a Break is complete. An interrupt is generated if TCIE=1 in the CR2 register. It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a write to the DR register). 0: Transmission is not complete 1: Transmission is complete Bit 5 = RDRF Received data ready flag. This bit is set by hardware when the content of the RDR register has been transferred into the DR register. An interrupt is generated if RIE=1 in the CR2 register. It is cleared by hardware when RE=0 or by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read to the DR register). 0: Data is not received 1: Received data is ready to be read Bit 4 = IDLE Idle line detect. This bit is set by hardware when a Idle Line is detected. An interrupt is generated if the ILIE=1 in the CR2 register. It is cleared by hardware when RE=0 by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read to the DR register). 0: No Idle Line is detected 1: Idle Line is detected Note: The IDLE bit will not be set again until the RDRF bit has been set itself (i.e. a new idle line occurs). This bit is not set by an idle line when the receiver wakes up from wake-up mode. Bit 3 = OR Overrun error. This bit is set by hardware when the word currently being received in the shift register is ready to be transferred into the RDR register while RDRF=1. An interrupt is generated if RIE=1 in the CR2 register. It is cleared by hardware when RE=0 by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read to the DR register). 0: No Overrun error 1: Overrun error is detected Note: When this bit is set RDR register content will not be lost but the shift register will be overwritten. Bit 2 = NF Noise flag. This bit is set by hardware when noise is detected on a received frame. It is cleared by hardware when RE=0 by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read to the DR register). 0: No noise is detected 1: Noise is detected Note: This bit does not generate interrupt as it appears at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself generates an interrupt. Bit 1 = FE Framing error. This bit is set by hardware when a de-synchronization, excessive noise or a break character is detected. It is cleared by hardware when RE=0 by a software sequence (an access to the SR register followed by a read to the DR register). 0: No Framing error is detected 1: Framing error or break character is detected Note: This bit does not generate interrupt as it appears at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself generates an interrupt. If the word currently being transferred causes both frame error and overrun error, it will be transferred and only the OR bit will be set. Bit 0 = Unused. 91/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) CONTROL REGISTER 1 (CR1) 1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever TC=1 in the SR register Read/Write Reset Value: Undefined Bit 5 = RIE Receiver interrupt enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 7 0 0: interrupt is inhibited 1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever OR=1 R8 T8 M WAK E or RDRF=1 in the SR register Bit 7 = R8 Receive data bit 8. This bit is used to store the 9th bit of the received word when M=1. Bit 6 = T8 Transmit data bit 8. This bit is used to store the 9th bit of the transmitted word when M=1. Bit 4 = M Word length. This bit determines the word length. It is set or cleared by software. 0: 1 Start bit, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit 1: 1 Start bit, 9 Data bits, 1 Stop bit Bit 3 = WAKE Wake-Up method. This bit determines the SCI Wake-Up method, it is set or cleared by software. 0: Idle Line 1: Address Mark CONTROL REGISTER 2 (CR2) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 TIE 0 TCIE RIE ILIE TE RE RWU SBK Bit 7 = TIE Transmitter interrupt enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: interrupt is inhibited 1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever TDRE=1 in the SR register. Bit 6 = TCIE Transmission complete interrupt enable This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: interrupt is inhibited 92/125 Bit 4 = ILIE Idle line interrupt enable. This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: interrupt is inhibited 1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever IDLE=1 in the SR register. Bit 3 = TE Transmitter enable. This bit enables the transmitter and assigns the TDO pin to the alternate function. It is set and cleared by software. 0: Transmitter is disabled, the TDO pin is back to the I/O port configuration. 1: Transmitter is enabled Note: during transmission, a “0” pulse on the TE bit (“0” followed by “1”) sends a preamble after the current word. Bit 2 = RE Receiver enable. This bit enables the receiver. It is set and cleared by software. 0: Receiver is disabled, it resets the RDRF, IDLE, OR, NF and FE bits of the SR register. 1: Receiver is enabled and begins searching for a start bit. Bit 1 = RWU Receiver wake-up. This bit determines if the SCI is in mute mode or not. It is set and cleared by software and can be cleared by hardware when a wake-up sequence is recognized. 0: Receiver in active mode 1: Receiver in mute mode Bit 0 = SBK Send break. This bit set is used to send break characters. It is set and cleared by software. 0: No break character is transmitted 1: Break characters are transmitted Note: If the SBK bit is set to “1” and then to “0”, the transmitter will send a BREAK word at the end of the current word. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) DATA REGISTER (DR) Read/Write Reset Value: Undefined Contains the Received or Transmitted data character, depending on whether it is read from or written to. 7 0 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1 DR0 The Data register performs a double function (read and write) since it is composed of two registers, one for transmission (TDR) and one for reception (RDR). The TDR register provides the parallel interface between the internal bus and the output shift register (see Figure 52). The RDR register provides the parallel interface between the input shift register and the internal bus (see Figure 52). BAUD RATE REGISTER (BRR) Read/Write Reset Value: 00xx xxxx (XXh) 7 0 SCP1 SCP0 SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 Bit 7:6= SCP[1:0] First SCI Prescaler These 2 prescaling bits allow several standard clock division ranges: PR Prescaling factor SCP1 SCP0 1 0 0 3 0 1 4 1 0 13 1 1 Bit 5:3 = SCT[2:0] SCI Transmitter rate divisor These 3 bits, in conjunction with the SCP1 & SCP0 bits define the total division applied to the bus clock to yield the transmit rate clock in conventional Baud Rate Generator mode. TR dividi ng factor SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 8 0 1 1 16 1 0 0 32 1 0 1 64 1 1 0 128 1 1 1 Note: this TR factor is used only when the ETPR fine tuning factor is equal to 00h; otherwise, TR is replaced by the ETPR dividing factor. Bit 2:0 = SCR[2:0] SCI Receiver rate divisor. These 3 bits, in conjunction with the SCP1 & SCP0 bits define the total division applied to the bus clock to yield the receive rate clock in conventional Baud Rate Generator mode. RR dividi ng factor SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 8 0 1 1 16 1 0 0 32 1 0 1 64 1 1 0 128 1 1 1 Note: this RR factor is used only when the ERPR fine tuning factor is equal to 00h; otherwise, RR is replaced by the ERPR dividing factor. 93/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (Cont’d) EXTENDED RECEIVE PRESCALER DIVISION REGISTER (ERPR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) Allows setting of the Extended Prescaler rate division factor for the receive circuit. 7 0 ERPR ERPR 7 6 EXTENDED TRANSMIT PRESCALER DIVISION REGISTER (ETPR) Read/Write Reset Value:0000 0000 (00h) Allows setting of the External Prescaler rate division factor for the transmit circuit. 7 ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit 7:1 = ERPR[7:0] 8-bit Extended Receive Prescaler Register. The extended Baud Rate Generator is activated when a value different from 00h is stored in this register. Therefore the clock frequency issued from the 16 divider (see Figure 54) is divided by the binary factor set in the ERPR register (in the range 1 to 255). The extended baud rate generator is not used after a reset. ETPR 7 0 ETPR ETPR 6 5 ETPR ETPR 4 3 ETPR ETPR ETPR 2 1 0 Bit 7:1 = ETPR[7:0] 8-bit Extended Transmit Prescaler Register. The extended Baud Rate Generator is activated when a value different from 00h is stored in this register. Therefore the clock frequency issued from the 16 divider (see Figure 54) is divided by the binary factor set in the ETPR register (in the range 1 to 255). The extended baud rate generator is not used after a reset. Table 18. SCI Register Map and Reset Values Address (Hex.) Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0050h SCISR Reset Value TDRE 1 TC 1 RDRF 0 IDLE 0 OR 0 NF 0 FE 0 0 0051h SCIDR Reset Value MSB x x x x x x x LSB x 0052h SCIBRR Reset Value SOG 0 0 VPOL x 2FHDET x HVSEL x VCORDIS x CLPINV x BLKINV x 0053h SCICR1 Reset Value R8 x T8 x 0 M x WAKE x 0 0 0 0054h SCICR2 Reset Value TIE 0 TCIE 0 RIE 0 ILIE 0 TE 0 RE 0 RWU 0 SBK 0 0055h SCIPBRR Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 0057h SCIPBRT Reset Value MSB 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LSB 0 94/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 6.7 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) 6.7.1 Introduction The on-chip Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) peripheral is a 8-bit, successive approximation converter with internal sample and hold circuitry. This peripheral has up to 16 multiplexed analog input channels (refer to device pin out description) that allow the peripheral to convert the analog voltage levels from up to 16 different sources. The result of the conversion is stored in a 8-bit Data Register. The A/D converter is controlled through a Control/Status Register. 6.7.3 Functional Description 6.7.3.1 Analog Power Supply VDDA and VSSA are the high and low level reference voltage pins. In some devices (refer to device pin out description) they are internally connected to the VDD and VSS pins. Conversion accuracy may therefore be impacted by voltage drops and noise in the event of heavily loaded or badly decoupled power supply lines. Figure 55. Recommended Ext. Connections 6.7.2 Main Features ■ 8-bit conversion ■ Up to 16 channels with multiplexed input ■ Linear successive approximation ■ Data register (DR) which contains the results ■ Conversion complete status flag ■ On/off bit (to reduce consumption) The block diagram is shown in Figure 56. VDD VDDA 0.1pF VSSA ST7 RAIN VAIN Px.x/AINx Figure 56. ADC Block Diagram fCPU COCO 0 ADON 0 fADC DIV 2 CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 ADCCSR 4 AIN0 HOLD CONTROL RADC AIN1 ANALOG TO DIGITAL ANALOG MUX AINx CONVERTER CSAMPLE ADCDR D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 95/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d) 6.7.3.2 Digital A/D Conversion Result The conversion is monotonic, meaning that the result never decreases if the analog input does not and never increases if the analog input does not. If the input voltage (VAIN) is greater than or equal to VDDA (high-level voltage reference) then the conversion result in the DR register is FFh (full scale) without overflow indication. If input voltage (VAIN ) is lower than or equal to VSSA (low-level voltage reference) then the conversion result in the DR register is 00h. The A/D converter is linear and the digital result of the conversion is stored in the ADCDR register. The accuracy of the conversion is described in the Electrical Characteristics Section. RAIN is the maximum recommended impedance for an analog input signal. If the impedance is too high, this will result in a loss of accuracy due to leakage and sampling not being completed in the alloted time. 6.7.3.3 A/D Conversion Phases The A/D conversion is based on two conversion phases as shown in Figure 57: ■ Sample capacitor loading [duration: tLOAD] During this phase, the VAIN input voltage to be measured is loaded into the CSAMPLE sample capacitor. ■ A/D conversion [duration: tCONV] During this phase, the A/D conversion is computed (8 successive approximations cycles) and the CSAMPLE sample capacitor is disconnected from the analog input pin to get the optimum A/D conversion accuracy. While the ADC is on, these two phases are continuously repeated. At the end of each conversion, the sample capacitor is kept loaded with the previous measurement load. The advantage of this behaviour is that it minimizes the current consumption on the analog pin in case of single input channel measurement. 6.7.3.4 Software Procedure Refer to the control/status register (CSR) and data register (DR) in Section 6.7.6 for the bit definitions and to Figure 57 for the timings. ADC Configuration The total duration of the A/D conversion is 12 ADC clock periods (1/fADC=2/fCPU). 96/125 The analog input ports must be configured as input, no pull-up, no interrupt. Refer to the «I/O ports» chapter. Using these pins as analog inputs does not affect the ability of the port to be read as a logic input. In the CSR register: – Select the CH[3:0] bits to assign the analog channel to convert. ADC Conversion In the CSR register: – Set the ADON bit to enable the A/D converter and to start the first conversion. From this time on, the ADC performs a continuous conversion of the selected channel. When a conversion is complete – The COCO bit is set by hardware. – No interrupt is generated. – The result is in the DR register and remains valid until the next conversion has ended. A write to the CSR register (with ADON set) aborts the current conversion, resets the COCO bit and starts a new conversion. Figure 57. ADC Conversion Timings ADON tCONV ADCCSR WRITE OPERATION HOLD CONTROL tLOAD COCO BIT SET 6.7.4 Low Power Modes Note: The A/D converter may be disabled by resetting the ADON bit. This feature allows reduced power consumption when no conversion is needed and between single shot conversions.. Mode WAIT HALT Description No effect on A/D Converter A/D Converter disabled. After wakeup from Halt mode, the A/D Converter requires a stabilisation time before accurate conversions can be performed. 6.7.5 Interrupts None ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d) 6.7.6 Register Description CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (CSR) Read/Write Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) DATA REGISTER (DR) Read Only Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h) 7 COCO 0 ADON 0 CH3 CH2 CH1 0 7 CH0 D7 Bit 7 = COCO Conversion Complete This bit is set by hardware. It is cleared by software reading the result in the DR register or writing to the CSR register. 0: Conversion is not complete 1: Conversion can be read from the DR register 0 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Bit 7:0 = D[7:0] Analog Converted Value This register contains the converted analog value in the range 00h to FFh. Note: Reading this register reset the COCO flag. Bit 6 = Reserved. must always be cleared. Bit 5 = ADON A/D Converter On This bit is set and cleared by software. 0: A/D converter is switched off 1: A/D converter is switched on Bit 4 = Reserved. must always be cleared. Bit 3:0 = CH[3:0] Channel Selection These bits are set and cleared by software. They select the analog input to convert. Channel Pin* CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 AIN0 AIN1 AIN2 AIN3 AIN4 AIN5 AIN6 AIN7 AIN8 AIN9 AIN10 AIN11 AIN12 AIN13 AIN14 AIN15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 *Note: The number of pins AND the channel selection varies according to the device. Refer to the device pinout. 97/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d) Table 19. ADC Register Map and Reset Values Address Register Label 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0070h ADCDR Reset Value D7 0 D6 0 D5 0 D4 0 D3 0 D2 0 D1 0 D0 0 0071h ADCCSR Reset Value COCO 0 0 ADON 0 0 CH3 0 CH2 0 CH1 0 CH0 0 (Hex.) 98/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 7 INSTRUCTION SET 7.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES The ST7 Core features 17 different addressing modes which can be classified in 7 main groups: Addressing Mode Example Inherent nop Immediate ld A,#$55 Direct ld A,$55 Indexed ld A,($55,X) Indirect ld A,([$55],X) Relative jrne loop Bit operation bset byte,#5 The ST7 Instruction set is designed to minimize the number of bytes required per instruction: To do so, most of the addressing modes may be subdivided in two sub-modes called long and short: – Long addressing mode is more powerful because it can use the full 64 Kbyte address space, however it uses more bytes and more CPU cycles. – Short addressing mode is less powerful because it can generally only access page zero (0000h 00FFh range), but the instruction size is more compact, and faster. All memory to memory instructions use short addressing modes only (CLR, CPL, NEG, BSET, BRES, BTJT, BTJF, INC, DEC, RLC, RRC, SLL, SRL, SRA, SWAP) The ST7 Assembler optimizes the use of long and short addressing modes. Table 20. ST7 Addressing Mode Overview Mode Syntax Destination/ Source Pointer Address (Hex.) Pointer Size (Hex.) Length (Bytes) Inherent nop +0 Immediate ld A,#$55 +1 Short Direct ld A,$10 00..FF +1 Long Direct ld A,$1000 0000..FFFF +2 No Offset Direct Indexed ld A,(X) 00..FF + 0 (with X register) + 1 (with Y register) Short Direct Indexed ld A,($10,X) 00..1FE +1 Long Direct Indexed ld A,($1000,X) 0000..FFFF +2 Short Indirect ld A,[$10] 00..FF 00..FF byte +2 Long Indirect ld A,[$10.w] 0000..FFFF 00..FF word +2 Short Indirect Indexed ld A,([$10],X) 00..1FE 00..FF byte +2 Long Indirect Indexed ld A,([$10.w],X) 0000..FFFF 00..FF word +2 jrne loop PC-128/PC+127 1) Relative Direct Relative Indirect jrne [$10] PC-128/PC+127 1) Bit Direct bset $10,#7 00..FF Bit Indirect bset [$10],#7 00..FF Bit Direct Relative btjt $10,#7,skip 00..FF Bit Indirect Relative btjt [$10],#7,skip 00..FF +1 00..FF byte +2 +1 00..FF byte +2 +2 00..FF byte +3 Note 1. At the time the instruction is executed, the Program Counter (PC) points to the instruction following JRxx. 99/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d) 7.1.1 Inherent All Inherent instructions consist of a single byte. The opcode fully specifies all the required information for the CPU to process the operation. Inherent Instruction Function NOP No operation TRAP S/W Interrupt WFI Wait For Interrupt (Low Power Mode) HALT Halt Oscillator (Lowest Power Mode) RET Sub-routine Return IRET Interrupt Sub-routine Return SIM Set Interrupt Mask RIM Reset Interrupt Mask SCF Set Carry Flag RCF Reset Carry Flag RSP Reset Stack Pointer LD Load CLR Clear PUSH/POP Push/Pop to/from the stack INC/DEC Increment/Decrement TNZ Test Negative or Zero CPL, NEG 1 or 2 Complement MUL Byte Multiplication SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC, RRC Shift and Rotate Operations SWAP Swap Nibbles 7.1.2 Immediate Immediate instructions have two bytes, the first byte contains the opcode, the second byte contains the the operand value. Immediate Instruction Function LD Load CP Compare BCP Bit Compare AND, OR, XOR Logical Operations ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC Arithmetic Operations 100/125 7.1.3 Direct In Direct instructions, the operands are referenced by their memory address. The direct addressing mode consists of two submodes: Direct (short) The address is a byte, thus requires only one byte after the opcode, but only allows 00 - FF addressing space. Direct (long) The address is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, but requires 2 bytes after the opcode. 7.1.4 Indexed (No Offset, Short, Long) In this mode, the operand is referenced by its memory address, which is defined by the unsigned addition of an index register (X or Y) with an offset. The indirect addressing mode consists of three sub-modes: Indexed (No Offset) There is no offset, (no extra byte after the opcode), and allows 00 - FF addressing space. Indexed (Short) The offset is a byte, thus requires only one byte after the opcode and allows 00 - 1FE addressing space. Indexed (long) The offset is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space and requires 2 bytes after the opcode. 7.1.5 Indirect (Short, Long) The required data byte to do the operation is found by its memory address, located in memory (pointer). The pointer address follows the opcode. The indirect addressing mode consists of two sub-modes: Indirect (short) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a byte, thus allowing 00 - FF addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. Indirect (long) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d) 7.1.6 Indirect Indexed (Short, Long) This is a combination of indirect and short indexed addressing modes. The operand is referenced by its memory address, which is defined by the unsigned addition of an index register value (X or Y) with a pointer value located in memory. The pointer address follows the opcode. The indirect indexed addressing mode consists of two sub-modes: Indirect Indexed (Short) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a byte, thus allowing 00 - 1FE addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. Indirect Indexed (Long) The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, and requires 1 byte after the opcode. 7.1.7 Relative mode (Direct, Indirect) This addressing mode is used to modify the PC register value, by adding an 8-bit signed offset to it. Available Relative Direct/ Indirect Instructions Function JRxx Conditional Jump CALLR Call Relative The relative addressing mode consists of two submodes: Relative (Direct) The offset is following the opcode. Relative (Indirect) The offset is defined in memory, which address follows the opcode. Table 21. Instructions Supporting Direct, Indexed, Indirect and Indirect Indexed Addressing Modes Long and Short Instructions Function LD Load CP Compare AND, OR, XOR Logical Operations ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC Arithmetic Addition/subtraction operations BCP Bit Compare Short Instructions Only Functio n CLR Clear INC, DEC Increment/Decrement TNZ Test Negative or Zero CPL, NEG 1 or 2 Complement BSET, BRES Bit Operations BTJT, BTJF Bit Test and Jump Operations SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC, RRC Shift and Rotate Operations SWAP Swap Nibbles CALL, JP Call or Jump subroutine 101/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 7.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS The ST7 family devices use an Instruction Set consisting of 63 instructions. The instructions may be subdivided into 13 main groups as illustrated in the following table: Load and Transfer LD CLR Stack operation PUSH POP Increment/Decrement INC DEC Compare and Tests CP TNZ BCP XOR Logical operations AND OR Bit Operation BSET BRES Conditional Bit Test and Branch BTJT BTJF RSP CPL NEG Arithmetic operations ADC ADD SUB SBC MUL Shift and Rotates SLL SRL SRA RLC RRC SWAP SLA Unconditional Jump or Call JRA JRT JRF JP CALL CALLR NOP Conditional Branch JRxx Interruption management TRAP WFI HALT IRET Code Condition Flag modification SIM RIM SCF RCF Using a pre-byte The instructions are described with one to four bytes. In order to extend the number of available opcodes for an 8-bit CPU (256 opcodes), three different prebyte opcodes are defined. These prebytes modify the meaning of the instruction they precede. The whole instruction becomes: PC-2 End of previous instruction PC-1 Prebyte PC opcode PC+1 Additional word (0 to 2) according to the number of bytes required to compute the effective address 102/125 RET These prebytes enable instruction in Y as well as indirect addressing modes to be implemented. They precede the opcode of the instruction in X or the instruction using direct addressing mode. The prebytes are: PDY 90 Replace an X based instruction using immediate, direct, indexed, or inherent addressing mode by a Y one. PIX 92 Replace an instruction using direct, direct bit, or direct relative addressing mode to an instruction using the corresponding indirect addressing mode. It also changes an instruction using X indexed addressing mode to an instruction using indirect X indexed addressing mode. PIY 91 Replace an instruction using X indirect indexed addressing mode by a Y one. ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d) Mnemo Description Function/Example Dst Src H I N Z C ADC Add with Carry A=A+M+ C A M H N Z C ADD Addition A=A+M A M H N Z C AND Logical And A=A.M A M N Z BCP Bit compare A, Memory tst (A . M) A M N Z BRES Bit Reset bres Byte, #3 M BSET Bit Set bset Byte, #3 M BTJF Jump if bit is false (0) btjf Byte, #3, Jmp1 M C BTJT Jump if bit is true (1) btjt Byte, #3, Jmp1 M C CALL Call subroutine CALLR Call subroutine relative CLR Clear CP Arithmetic Compare tst(Reg - M) reg CPL One Complement A = FFH-A DEC Decrement dec Y reg, M HALT Halt IRET Interrupt routine return Pop CC, A, X, PC INC Increment inc X JP Absolute Jump jp [TBL.w] JRA Jump relative always JRT Jump relative JRF Never jump JRIH Jump if ext. interrupt = 1 JRIL Jump if ext. interrupt = 0 JRH Jump if H = 1 H= 1? JRNH Jump if H = 0 H= 0? JRM Jump if I = 1 I=1? JRNM Jump if I = 0 I=0? JRMI Jump if N = 1 (minus) N= 1? JRPL Jump if N = 0 (plus) N= 0? JREQ Jump if Z = 1 (equal) Z=1? JRNE Jump if Z = 0 (not equal) Z=0? JRC Jump if C = 1 C= 1? JRNC Jump if C = 0 C= 0? JRULT Jump if C = 1 Unsigned < JRUGE Jump if C = 0 Jmp if unsigned >= JRUGT Jump if (C + Z = 0) Unsigned > 0 1 N Z C reg, M N Z 1 reg, M N Z N Z N Z M 0 H reg, M I C jrf * 103/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d) Mnemo Description Function/Example Dst Src JRULE Jump if (C + Z = 1) Unsigned <= LD Load dst <= src reg, M M, reg MUL Multiply X,A = X * A A, X, Y X, Y, A NEG Negate (2’s compl) neg $10 reg, M NOP No Operation OR OR operation A=A+M A M POP Pop from the Stack pop reg reg M pop CC CC M M reg, CC H I N Z N Z 0 H C 0 I N Z N Z N Z C C PUSH Push onto the Stack push Y RCF Reset carry flag C=0 RET Subroutine Return RIM Enable Interrupts I=0 RLC Rotate left true C C <= Dst <= C reg, M N Z C RRC Rotate right true C C => Dst => C reg, M N Z C RSP Reset Stack Pointer S = Max allowed SBC Subtract with Carry A=A-M-C N Z C SCF Set carry flag C=1 SIM Disable Interrupts I=1 SLA Shift left Arithmetic C <= Dst <= 0 reg, M N Z C SLL Shift left Logic C <= Dst <= 0 reg, M N Z C SRL Shift right Logic 0 => Dst => C reg, M 0 Z C SRA Shift right Arithmetic Dst7 => Dst => C reg, M N Z C SUB Subtraction A=A-M A N Z C SWAP SWAP nibbles Dst[7..4] <=> Dst[3..0] reg, M N Z TNZ Test for Neg & Zero tnz lbl1 N Z TRAP S/W trap S/W interrupt WFI Wait for Interrupt XOR Exclusive OR N Z 104/125 0 0 A M 1 1 M 1 0 A = A XOR M A M ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 8.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS This product contains devices for protecting the inputs against damage due to high static voltages, however it is advisable to take normal precautions to avoid applying any voltage higher than the specified maximum rated voltages. For proper operation it is recommended that VI and VO be higher than VSS and lower than V DD. Reliability is enhanced if unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (VDD or VSS). Symbol VDD - VSS VDDA - VSSA |VDD_i - VDD_j| |V DD_i - VDDA| |VSS_i - VSS_j| |VSS_i - VSSA| VIN VOUT Power Considerations. The average chip-junction temperature, TJ, in Celsius can be obtained from: TJ = TA + PD x RthJA Where: TA = Ambient Temperature. RthJA =Package thermal resistance (junction-to ambient). PD = PINT + PPORT. PINT = IDD x VDD (chip internal power). PPORT =Port power dissipation determined by the user) Ratings Value Unit Supply voltage 6.5 V Analog reference voltage VDDA > VSS 6.5 V Max. variations (power line) 50 mV Max. variations (ground line) 50 mV Input voltage VSS - 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V Output voltage VSS - 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V V ESD ESD susceptibility 2000 IVDD_i Total current into VDD_i (source) Total current out of VSS_i (sink) 150 IVSS_i 150 mA Note: Stresses above those listed as “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device under these conditions is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. General Warning: Directly connecting the RESET and I/O pins to VDD or VSS could damage the device if an unintentional internal reset is generated or the program counter is corrupted (by an expected change to the I/O configuration). To guarantee safe operation, this connection has to be done through a pull-up or pull-down resistor (10KΩ typical). Thermal Characteristics Symbol Ratings Value Unit 60 TBD TBD TBD °C/W Max. junction temperature 150 °C TSTG Storage temperature range -65 to +150 °C PD Power dissipation 500 mW Package thermal resistance RthJA T Jmax TQFP64 SDIP56 TQFP44 SDIP42 105/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8.2 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS GENERAL Symbol VDD Parameter Supply voltage Min see Figure 58 VDD ≥ 3.5V Resonator oscillator frequency fOSC External clock source TA Conditi ons Ambient temperature range Typ Max Unit 3.0 5.5 V 1 16 VDD ≥ 3.0V 1 8 VDD ≥ 3.5V 0 2) 16 VDD ≥ 3.0V 0 2) 8 1 Suffix Version 0 70 6 Suffix Version -40 85 7 Suffix Version -40 105 3 Suffix Version -40 125 MHz °C Figure 58. fOSC Maximum Operating Frequency Versus VDD Supply Voltage 3) FUNCTIONALI TY NOT GUARAN TEED IN THIS AREA FUNCTIONA LITY GUARANTEED IN THIS AREA FUNCT IONALITY NOT GUARAN TEED IN THIS AREA FOR TEMPERATU RE HIGHER THAN 85°C fOSC [MHz] 16 8 4 1 0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V] 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 FUNCTI ONALITY NOT GUARANTEED IN THIS AREA WITH RESONA TOR Notes: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) A/D operation and resonator oscillator start-up are not guaranteed below 1MHz. 3) Operating conditions TA=-40 to +85°C. The shaded area is outside the recommended operating range; device functionality is not guaranteed under these conditions. 106/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8.3 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Recommended operating conditions with TA=-40 to +85oC, VDD-VSS=5V unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Conditio ns Min fOSC = 4 MHz, fCPU = 2 MHz fOSC = 8 MHz, fCPU = 4 MHz fOSC = 16 MHz, fCPU = 8 MHz fOSC = 4 MHz, fCPU = 125 kHz fOSC = 8 MHz, fCPU = 250 kHz Supply current in SLOW mode 2) fOSC = 16 MHz, fCPU = 500 kHz fOSC = 4 MHz, fCPU = 2 MHz fOSC = 8MHz, f CPU = 4 MHz Supply current in WAIT mode 3) fOSC = 16MHz, fCPU = 8 MHz fOSC = 4 MHz, fCPU = 2 MHz Supply current in SLOW WAIT mode 3) fOSC = 8 MHz, fCPU = 250 kHz fOSC = 16 MHz, fCPU = 500 kHz Supply current in HALT mode 4) ILOAD = 0mA (current on I/Os) Data retention mode 5) HALT mode Typ 1) Supply current in RUN mode 2) IDD V RM Max Unit TBD TBD mA TBD TBD TBD 2 µA V 8.4 GENERAL TIMING CHARACTERISTICS Symbol Parameter tINST Instruction time t IRT Interrupt reaction time Conditi ons Min Typ Max Unit 2 12 tCPU tIRT = ∆t INST + 10 6) 10 22 tCPU Notes: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) CPU running with memory access, all I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS, all peripherals switched off; clock input (OSC1) driven by external square wave. 3) All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS, all peripherals switched off; clock input (OSC1) driven by external square wave. 4) All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS, LVD disabled. 5) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 6) ∆tINST is the number of tCPU to finish the current instruction execution. 107/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8.5 I/O PORT CHARACTERISTICS Recommended operating conditions with TA =-40 to +85oC and 4.5V<VDD-VSS<5.5V unless otherwise specified. I/O PORT PINS Symbol Parameter VIL Input low level voltage Input high level voltage 2) VOL 0.7xVDD Typ 1) Max 0.3xVDD 400 I=-5mA I=-2mA 0.5 Output low level voltage for high sink I/O port pins I=-20mA 1.3 I=-8mA 0.5 RPU Pull-up equivalent resistor Input leakage current 2) ISV Static current consumption IPINJ Single pin injected current IINJ Total injected current 7) (sum of all I/O and control pins) tOHL Output high to low level fall time tOLH Output low to high rise time External interrupt pulse time 8) V 1.3 I=-5mA VDD-2.0 I=-2mA VDD-0.8 VIN > VIH V IN < VIL 20 60 35 100 50 140 VSS<VPIN<VDD 1 Floating input mode 200 Positive 5): VEXT>VDD 5 Negative 6): VEXT<VSS Positive: V EXT>VDD -5 tbd Negative: VEXT<V SS Cl=50pF Unit mV Output low level voltage for Standard I/O port pins Output high level voltage tITEXT 3V<V DD-VSS<5.5V Schmitt trigger voltage hysteresis 3) VOH IL Min 2) V IH VHYS Conditions V kΩ µA mA tbd 14.8 4) 25 45.6 4) 14.4 4) 25 45.9 4) 1 ns tCPU Notes: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) Data based on design simulation and/or technology characteristics, not tested in production. 3) Hysteresis voltage between Schmitt trigger switching levels. Based on characterization results, not tested. 4) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 5) Positive injection (IINJ+) The IINJ+ is performed through protection diodes insulated from the substrate of the die. The true open-drain pins do not accept positive injection. In this case the maximum voltage rating must be respected. 6) ADC accuracy reduced by negative injection (IINJ- ) The IINJ- is performed through protection diodes NOT INSULATED from the substrate of the die. The drawback is a small leakage (a few µA) induced inside the die when a negative injection is performed. This leakage is tolerated by the digital structure, but it acts on the analog line depending on the impedance versus a leakage current of a few µA (if the MCU has an AD converter). The effect depends on the pin which is submitted to the injection. Of course, external digital signals applied to the component must have a maximum impedance close to 50KΩ. Location of the negative current injection: - Pins with analog input capability are the most sensitive. IINJ- maximum is 0.8 mA (assuming that the impedance of the analog voltage is lower than 25KΩ) - Pure digital pins can tolerate 1.6mA. In addition, the best choice is to inject the current as far as possible from the analog input pins. 7) When several inputs are submitted to a current injection, the maximum IINJ is the sum of the positive (or negative) currents (instantaneous values). These results are based on characterisation with IINJ maximum current injection on four I/ O port pins of the device. 8) To generate an external interrupt, a minimum pulse width has to be applied on an I/O port pin configured as an external interrupt source. 108/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8.6 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK CHARACTERISTICS 8.6.1 Supply Manager Recommended operating conditions with TA =-40 to +85oC and voltage are referred to VSS unless otherwise specified. LOW VOLTAG E DETECTOR (LVD) Symbol Parameter VLVDr Reset release threshold (VDD rise) VLVDf Reset generation threshold (VDD fall) VLVDhyst IDD VLVD Hysteresis 2) LVD Supply Current Min Typ 1) Max Unit 3.85 3.50 3.00 4.30 3.90 3.35 4.05 3.65 3.10 250* 100 4.50 4.05 3.45 4.25 3.80 3.20 V 150 3) mV µA Condition s High Threshold Med. Threshold (fOSC≤16MHz) Low Threshold (fOSC≤8MHz) High Threshold Med. Threshold (fOSC≤16MHz) Low Threshold (fOSC≤8MHz) VLVDr - VLVDf HALT mode 8.6.2 Reset Sequence Manager Recommended operating conditions with TA =-40...+85oC and 4.5V<VDD-VSS<5.5V unless otherwise specified. RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) Symbol R ON tDELAYmin tPULSE Parameter Reset weak pull-up resistance Condition s Min Typ 4) Max Unit VIN > VIH VIN < VIL 5 40 10 80 6 30 20 160 kΩ Typ Max Reset delay for external and watchdog reset sources External RESET pin Pulse time 1/fSFOSC µs µs 20 8.6.3 Multi-Oscillator, Clock Security System Recommended operating conditions with TA =-40 to +85oC and voltage are referred to VSS unless otherwise specified. EXTERNAL CLOCK SOURCE Symbol VOSC1h VOSC1l Parameter OSC1 input pin high level voltage OSC1 input pin low level voltage Condition s Min Square wave signal with ~50% Duty Cycle 0.7xVDD VDD VSS 0.3xVDD Unit V Notes: 1) LVD typical data are based on TA=25°C. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) The VLVDhyst hysteresis is constant. 3) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 4) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 109/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) CRYSTAL AND CERAMIC RESONATOR OSCILLATORS Symbol fOSC C Li IDD tSTART Parameter Oscillator Frequency 2) Low Medium-low Medium-high High Low Supply Medium-low Current Medium-high High Oscillator start-up time Load Capacitance speed speed speed speed speed speed speed speed Condition s Min Low speed resonator Medium-low speed resonator Medium-high speed resonator High speed resonator RSmax=200Ω 3) RSmax=200Ω 3) RSmax=200Ω 3) RSmax=100Ω 3) 1 >2 >4 >8 38 4) 32 4) 18 4) 15 4) Condition s Min 4) Typ 1) Max Unit 2 4 MHz 8 16 47 56 4) 46 4) 39 pF 26 4) 22 4) 21 18 150 700 5) 700 5) 200 µA 750 5) 400 5) 1100 700 Depends on resonator quality. A typical value is 10ms EXTERNAL RC OSCILLATO R Symbol fOSC R EX C EX IDD Parameter External RC Oscillator Frequency Oscillator External Resistance Oscillator External Capacitance Supply Current Typ 1) Max 4) Unit 33 47 525 14 47 4) 470 4) 750 5) MHz kΩ pF µA Min Typ 1) Max Unit 3.50 3.35 4.25 4.10 500 5.00 4.85 750 5) V DD=5V 1 10 0 6) Condition s V DD=5.5V V DD=3.0V INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR Symbol Parameter fOSC Internal RC Oscillator Frequency IDD Supply Current MHz µA CLOCK SECURITY SYSTEM (CSS) Symbol Parameter fSFOSC Safe Oscillator Frequency fCFL IDD Clock Filter Frequency limitation Supply Current Conditions Min Typ 1) Max Unit VDD=5.5V VDD=3.0V 250 190 340 260 30 150 430 330 kHz 350 5) MHz µA Notes: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) These data are based on typical RSmax. The oscillator selection can be optimized in terms of supply current with high quality resonator. 3) RSmax is the equivalent serial resistance of the crystal or ceramic resonator. 4) Data based on design simulation and/or technology characteristics, not tested in production. 5) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 6) In this condition, the capacitor to be considered is the global parasitic capacitor. In this case, the RC oscillator frequency tuning has to be done by trying out several resistor values. 110/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 8.7 MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS Recommended operating conditions with TA =-40 to +85oC and 3V<VDD-VSS<5.5V unless otherwise specified. FLASH Program Memory Symbol t ISPPROG tRET N RW Parameter Typical programming time Data retention Write erase cycles Conditions 8 or 16kBytes FLASH TA=55°C Min Typ 1) Max Unit 2.1 6.4 sec years cycles Typ Max Unit 25 ms 20 1000 Data-EEPROM Symbol tPROG Parameter Conditi ons Min Programming time tRET Data retention NRW Write erase cycles 10 Years 100 000 Cycles WATCHDOG Symbol tDOG Parameter Watchdog time-out Conditions Min fCPU = 8MHz 12,288 1.54 Typ Max Unit 786,432 98.3 tCPU ms Note: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 111/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) SPI Serial Peripheral Interface Value 1) Ref. Symbol Parameter Condition Min Max 1/4 1/2 Unit fSPI SPI frequency Master Slave 1/128 dc 1 tSPI SPI clock period Master Slave 4 2 tCPU 2 tLead Enable lead time Slave 120 ns 3 tLag Enable lag time Slave 120 ns 4 tSPI_H Clock (SCK) high time Master Slave 100 90 ns 5 tSPI_L Clock (SCK) low time Master Slave 100 90 ns 6 tSU Data set-up time Master Slave 100 100 ns 7 tH Data hold time (inputs) Master Slave 100 100 ns 8 tA Access time (time to data active from high impedance state) 9 tDis Disable time (hold time to high impedance state) 10 tV Data valid Master (before capture edge) Slave (after enable edge) 0.25 11 tHold Data hold time (outputs) Master (before capture edge) Slave (after enable edge) 0.25 0 12 tRise Outputs: SCK,MOSI,MISO Rise time (20% VDD to 70% VDD, CL = 200pF) Inputs: SCK,MOSI,MISO,SS 100 100 ns µs 13 tFall Outputs: SCK,MOSI,MISO Fall time (70% VDD to 20% VDD, CL = 200pF) Inputs: SCK,MOSI,MISO,SS 100 100 ns µs 0 120 ns 240 ns 120 tCPU ns Slave tCPU ns Figure 59. SPI Master Timing Diagram CPHA=0, CPOL=0 2) SS (INPUT) 1 SCK (OUTPUT) 4 MISO (INPUT) MOSI (OUTPUT) 6 10 D7-IN 7 D7-OUT 11 13 12 5 D6-IN D6-OUT D0-IN D0-OUT VR000109 Notes: 1) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 2) Measurement points are VOL, VOH, VIL and VIH in the SPI timing diagram. 112/125 fCPU ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Figure 60. SPI Master Timing Diagram CPHA=0, CPOL=1 1) SS (INPUT) 1 13 SCK (OUTPUT) 5 MISO (INPUT) 6 MOSI (OUTPU T) 10 12 4 D7-IN 7 D6-IN D7-OUT 11 D0-IN D6-OUT D0-OUT VR000110 Figure 61. SPI Master Timing Diagram CPHA=1, CPOL=0 SS (INPUT) 1) 1 13 SCK (OUTPUT) 4 MISO (INPUT) 5 D7-OUT 6 MOSI (OUTPU T) 12 10 D6-OUT D0-OUT 7 D7-IN 11 D6-IN D0-IN VR000107 Figure 62. SPI Master Timing Diagram CPHA=1, CPOL=1 SS (INPUT) 1) 1 12 SCK (OUTPUT) MISO (INPUT) MOSI (OUTPUT) 5 13 4 6 10 D7-IN 7 D7-OUT 11 D6-IN D6-OUT D0-IN D0-OUT VR000108 Note: 1) Measurement points are VOL, VOH, VIL and VIH in the SPI timing diagram. 113/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) Measurement points are VOL, VOH, VIL and VIH in the SPI Timing Diagram Figure 63. SPI Slave Timing Diagram CPHA=0, CPOL=0 1) SS (INPUT) 2 1 12 13 SCK (INPUT) 4 MISO HIGH-Z (OUTPU T) 8 5 D7-OUT D6-OUT 10 MOSI (INPUT) 3 D0-OUT 11 D7-IN 9 D6-IN D0-IN 7 6 VR000113 Figure 64. SPI Slave Timing Diagram CPHA=0, CPOL=1 1) SS (INPUT) 1 2 SCK (INPUT) 5 MISO HIGH-Z (OUTPU T) 8 MOSI (INPUT) 13 12 3 4 D7-OUT D6-OUT 10 D0-OUT 11 D7-IN 9 D6-IN D0-IN 7 6 VR000114 Figure 65. SPI Slave Timing Diagram CPHA=1, CPOL=0 1) SS (INPUT) 2 SCK (INPUT) HIGH-Z MISO (OUTPUT) 1 4 13 3 5 D7-OUT D6-OUT 8 D7-IN D0-OUT 11 10 MOSI (INPUT) 12 9 D6-IN D0-IN 7 6 VR000111 Figure 66. SPI Slave Timing Diagram CPHA=1, CPOL=1 1) SS (INPUT) 2 SCK (INPUT) HIGH-Z MISO (OUTPUT) MOSI (INPUT) 1 5 12 3 4 D7-OUT D6-OUT D7-IN D0-OUT 11 10 8 6 13 D6-IN 9 D0-IN 7 VR000112 Note: 1) Measurement points are VOL, VOH, VIL and VIH in the SPI timing diagram. 114/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) SCI Serial Communication Interface Symbol fTx or fRx Parameter Communication frequency (precision vs. standard ~0.16%) Conditions fCPU=8MHz Typ 1) Standard Mode TR (resp.RR)=64, PR=13 TR (resp.RR)=16, PR=13 TR (resp.RR)= 8, PR=13 TR (resp.RR)= 4, PR=13 TR (resp.RR)= 2, PR=13 TR (resp.RR)= 8, PR= 3 TR (resp.RR)= 1, PR=13 ~300.48 ~1201.92 ~2403.84 ~4807.69 ~9615.38 ~10416.67 ~19230,77 Extended Mode ETPR (resp.ERPR) = 13 ~38461.54 Unit Hz See “STANDARD I/O PORT PINS” description for more details. Note: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 115/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MEMORY AND PERIPHERAL CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d) ADC Analog to Digital Converter (8-bit) Symbol Parameter Conditions Analog control frequency fADC |TUE| Total unadjusted error Min VDD=VDDA=5V 4) OE Offset error Gain Error 4) Max Unit 4 2) MHz 1 4) GE Typ 1) TA=25°C,VDD=VDDA=5V, 3) fCPU=8MHz,fADC=4MHz 4) |DLE| Differential linearity error |ILE| Integral linearity error 4) VAIN Conversion range voltage IADC A/D conversion supply current tSTAB Stabilization time after ADC enable -0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.5 LSB 0.5 0.5 VSSA tLOAD Sample capacitor loading time tCONV Hold conversion time R AIN External input resistor R ADC Internal input resistor VDDA 1 mA 1 fCPU =8MHz, fADC=4MHz VDD=VDDA=5V µs 1 4 µs 1/fADC 2 8 µs 1/fADC 15 2) C SAMPLE Sample capacitor V kΩ 1.5 kΩ 6 pF Notes: 1) Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested. 2) Data based on characterization results, not tested in production. 3) Tested in production at TA=25°C, characterized over the whole temperature range. 4) ADC Accuracy vs. Negative Injection Current: For IINJ-=0.8mA, the typical leakage induced inside the die is 1.6µA and the effect on the ADC accuracy is a loss of 1 LSB for each 10KΩ increase of the external analog source impedance. This effect on the ADC accuracy has been observed under worst-case conditions for injection: - negative injection - injection to an Input with analog capability, adjacent to the enabled Analog Input - at 5V VDD supply, and worst case temperature. Digital Result ADCDR GE 255 254 1LS B 253 i deal V –V DDA S SA = ---------------------------------------256 (2) (3) TUE 7 (1) 6 5 ILE OE 4 3 DLE 2 (1) Example of an actual transfer curve (2) The ideal transfer curve (3) End point correlation line TUE=Total Unadjusted Error: maximum deviation between the actual and the ideal transfer curves. OE=Offset Error: deviation between the first actual transition and the first ideal one. GE=Gain Error: deviation between the last ideal transition and the last actual one. DLE=Differential Linearity Error: maximum deviation between actual steps and the ideal one. ILE=Integral Linearity Error: maximum deviation between any actual transition and the end point correlation line. 1 LSB (ideal) 1 0 VSSA 116/125 Vin (LSBideal) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 253 254 255 256 VDDA ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 9 GENERAL INFORMATION 9.1 PACKAGES 9.1.1 Package Mechanical Data Figure 67. 64-Pin Thin Quad Flat Package Dim mm Min inches Typ Max A Typ Max 1.60 0.063 0.15 0.002 0.006 A1 0.05 A2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057 B 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.012 0.015 0.018 C 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 D 16.00 0.630 D1 14.00 0.551 D3 12.00 0.472 E 16.00 0.630 E1 14.00 0.551 E3 12.00 0.472 e K L L1 Min 0.80 0° 0.031 3.5° 7° 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 L1 1.00 L 0.039 Number of Pins N 64 ND 16 NE 16 K Figure 68. 56-Pin Shrink Plastic Dual In-Line Package, 600-mil Width Dim. mm Min Typ A inches Max Min 0.38 0.015 A2 3.18 4.95 0.125 b 0.41 b2 0.20 D 50.29 E 12.32 eA 15.24 PDIP56S 2.095 0.591 14.73 0.485 1.78 2.92 0.015 53.21 1.980 e L 0.035 0.38 0.008 15.01 eB 0.195 0.016 0.89 C Max 0.250 A1 E1 Typ 6.35 0.580 0.070 0.600 17.78 0.700 5.08 0.115 0.200 Number of Pins N 56 117/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PACKAGES (Cont’d) Figure 69. 44-Pin Thin Quad Flat Package Dim mm Min Typ A b c Min Typ Max 1.60 0.063 0.15 0.002 0.006 A1 0.05 A2 1.35 1.40 1.45 0.053 0.055 0.057 b 0.30 0.37 0.45 0.012 0.015 0.018 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 D 12.00 0.472 D1 10.00 0.394 D3 8.00 0.315 E 12.00 0.472 E1 10.00 0.394 E3 8.00 0.315 e 0.80 K L L1 inches Max 0° 3.5° 0.031 7° 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.018 0.024 0.030 L1 1.00 L 0.039 Number of Pins N 44 K Figure 70. 42-Pin Shrink Plastic Dual In-Line Package, 600-mil Width Dim. mm Min Typ A Max Min Typ 5.08 A1 0.51 A2 3.05 0.020 4.57 0.120 0.150 0.180 b 0.46 0.56 0.018 0.022 b2 1.02 1.14 0.040 0.045 0.25 0.38 0.009 0.010 0.015 C 0.23 D 36.58 36.83 37.08 1.440 1.450 1.460 E 15.24 E1 12.70 13.72 14.48 0.500 0.540 0.570 16.00 0.600 0.630 e 1.78 0.070 eA 15.24 0.600 eC 0.00 L 2.54 3.30 18.54 0.730 1.52 0.000 0.060 3.56 0.100 0.130 0.140 Number of Pins N 118/125 Max 0.200 3.81 eB PDIP42S inches 42 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PACKAGES (Cont’d) 9.1.2 User-supplied TQFP64 Adaptor / Socket To solder the TQFP64 device directly on the application board, or to solder a socket for connecting the emulator probe, the application board should provide the footprint described in Figure 71. This footprint allows both configurations: ■ ■ Direct TQFP64 soldering YAMAICHI IC149-064-008-S5* socket soldering to plug either the emulator probe or an adaptor board with an TQFP64 clamshell socket. * Not compatible with TQFP64 package. Figure 71. TQFP64 Device And Emulator Probe Compatible Footprint SK E E1 E3 mm inches Dim Min e Typ Max Min Typ Max B 0.35 0.45 0.50 0.014 0.018 0.020 E 20.80 E1 0.819 14.00 0.551 E1 E3 SK E E3 11.90 12.00 12.10 0.468 0.472 0.476 B e 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.029 0.031 0.033 SOCKET SK* DETAIL 26 1.023 Number of Pins N 64 (4x16) * SK: Plastic socket overall dimensions. Table 22. Suggested List of TQFP64 Socket Types Package / Probe TQFP64 EMU PROBE Adaptor / Socket Reference Socket type ENPLAS OTQ-64-0.8-02 Open Top YAMAICHI IC51-0644-1240.KS-14584 Clamshell YAMAICHI IC149-064-008-S5 SMC 119/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J PACKAGES (Cont’d) 9.1.3 User-supplied TQFP44 Adaptor / Socket To solder the TQFP44 device directly on the application board, or to solder a socket for connecting the emulator probe, the application board should provide the footprint described in Figure 72. This footprint allows both configurations: ■ ■ Direct TQFP44 soldering YAMAICHI IC149-044-*52-S5 socket soldering to plug either the emulator probe or an adaptor board with an TQFP44 clamshell socket. Figure 72. TQFP44 Device And Emulator Probe Compatible Footprint SK E E1 E3 mm Min E1 E3 e SK E inches Dim B Min Typ Max Typ Max B 0.35 0.45 0.50 0.014 0.018 0.020 E 13.40 0.527 E1 10.00 0.394 E3 7.95 8.00 8.05 0.313 0.315 0.317 e 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.029 0.031 0.033 SOCKET SK* DETAIL 24.2 0.953 Number of Pins N 44 (4x11) * SK: Plastic socket overall dimensions. Table 23. Suggested List of TQFP44 Socket Types Package / Probe TQFP44 TQFP44 EMU PROBE 120/125 Adaptor / Socket Reference Socket type ENPLAS OTQ-44-0.8-04 Open Top YAMAICHI IC51-0444-467-KS-11787 Clamshell YAMAICHI IC149-044-*52-S5 SMC ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 9.2 DEVICE CONFIGURATION AND ORDERING INFORMATION Each device is available for production in user programmable versions (FLASH) as well as in factory coded versions (ROM). FLASH devices are shipped to customers with a default content (FFh), while ROM factory coded parts contain the code supplied by the customer. This implies that FLASH devices have to be configured by the customer using the Option Bytes while the ROM devices are factory-configured. 9.2.1 Option Bytes The two Option Bytes allow the hardware configuration of the microcontroller to be selected. The Option Bytes have no address in the memory map and can be accessed only in programming mode (for example using a standard ST7 4programming tool). The default contents of the FLASH is fixed to FFh. This means that all the options have “1” as their default value. In masked ROM devices, the Option Bytes are fixed in hardware by the ROM code. USER OPTION BYTE 1 7 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 56/42 FMP Bit 7:2 = Reserved, must always be 1. Bit 1 = 56/42 Package configuration. This option bit allows to configure the device according to the package. 0: 42 and 44 pin. 1: 56 and 64 pin. Bit 0 = FMP Full memory protection. This option bit enables or disables external access to the internal program memory (read-out protection). Clearing this bit causes the erasing (to 00h) of the whole memory (including the option byte). 0: Program memory not read-out protected 1: Program memory read-out protected USER OPTION BYTE 2 7 0 CFC OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 LVD1 LVD0 WDG WDG HALT SW Bit 7 = CFC Clock filter control on/off This option bit enables or disables the clock filter (CF) features. 0: Clock filter enabled 1: Clock filter disabled Bit 6:4 = OSC[2:0] Oscillator selection These three option bits can be used to select the main oscillator as shown in Table 24. Table 24. Main Oscillator Configuration Selected Oscillator OSC2 OSC1 OSC0 External Clock (Stand-by) 1 1 1 Internal RC 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 External RC 1 0 Low Speed Resonator 0 1 1 Medium-low Speed Resonator 0 1 0 Medium-high Speed Resonator 0 0 1 High Speed Resonator 0 0 0 Bit 3:2 = LVD[1:0] Low voltage detection selection These option bits enable the LVD block with a selected threshold as shown in Table 25. Table 25. LVD Threshold Configuration Configuratio n LVD1 LVD0 LVD Off 1 1 Highest Voltage Threshold (VDD~5V) 1 0 Medium Voltage Threshold (fOSC≤16MHz) 0 1 Lowest Voltage Threshold (fOSC≤8MHz) 0 0 Bit 1 = WDG HALT Watchdog and halt mode This option bit determines if a RESET is generated when entering HALT mode while the Watchdog is active. 0: No Reset generation when entering Halt mode 1: Reset generation when entering Halt mode Bit 0 = WDG SW Hardware or software watchdog This option bit selects the watchdog type. 0: Hardware (watchdog always enabled) 1: Software (watchdog to be enabled by software) 121/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J DEVICE CONFIGURATION AND ORDERING INFORMATION (Cont’d) 9.2.2 Transfer Of Customer Code The selected options are communicated to STMicroelectronics using the correctly completed OPCustomer code is made up of the ROM contents TION LIST appended. and the list of the selected options (if any). The ROM contents are to be sent on diskette, or by The STMicroelectronics Sales Organization will be electronic means, with the hexadecimal file in .S19 pleased to provide detailed information on conformat generated by the development tool. All untractual points. used bytes must be set to FFh. Figure 73. ROM Factory Coded Device Types TEMP. DEVICE PACKAGE RANGE / XXX Code name (defined by STMicroelectronics) 1= 6= 7= 3= standard 0 to +70 °C industrial -40 to +85 °C automotive -40 to +125 °C automotive -40 to +125 °C B = Plastic DIP T = Plastic TQFP ST72334J2, ST72334J4, ST72334N2, ST72334N4, ST72314J2, ST72314J4, ST72314N2, ST72314N4, ST72124J2 Figure 74. FLASH User Programmable Device Types TEMP. DEVICE PACKAGE RANGE XXX Code name (defined by STMicroelectronics) 1= 6= 7= 3= standard 0 to +70 °C industrial -40 to +85 °C automotive -40 to +125 °C automotive -40 to +125 °C B = Plastic DIP T = Plastic TQFP ST72C334J2, ST72C334J4, ST72C334N2, ST72C334N4, ST72C314J2, ST72C314J4, ST72C314N2, ST72C314N4, ST72C124J2 122/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J MICROCONTROLLER OPTION LIST Customer Address Contact Phone No Reference . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .. . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .. . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .. . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .. . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .. STMicroelectronics references Device: [ ] ST72334J2 [ ] ST72334J4 [ ] ST72334N2 [ ] ST72334N4 [ ] ST72314J2 [ ] ST72314J4 [ ] ST72314N2 [ ] ST72314N4 Package: [ ] TQFP64 [ ] TQFP44 [ ] SDIP56 [ ] SDIP42 Temperature Range: [ ] 0°C to + 70°C [ ] - 40°C to + 85°C Clock Source Selection: [ ] Resonator: [ ] ST72124J2 [ ] - 40°C to + 125°C [ ] LP: Low power resonator (1 to 2 MHz) [ ] MP: Medium power resonator (2 to 4 MHz) [ ] MS: Medium speed resonator (4 to 8 MHz) [ ] HS: High speed resonator (8 to 16 MHz) [ ] Internal [ ] External [ ] RC Network: [ ] External Clock Clock Security System: [ ] Disabled [ ] Enabled Watchdog Selection: [ ] Software Activation [ ] Hardware Activation [ ] Reset [ ] No reset Halt when Watchdog on: Readout Protection: [ ] Disabled [ ] Enabled LVD Reset [ ] Disabled [ ] Enabled: [ ] Highest threshold (4.30V/4.05V) [ ] Medium threshold (3.90V/3.65V) [ ] Lowest threshold (3.35V/3.10V) Comments : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Supply Operating Range in the application: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... Signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Date . . ... ... . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. ... . .. .... 123/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J 10 SUMMARY OF CHANGES Description of the changes between the current release of the specification and the previous one. Revision Main changes Date 1.0 New chapter to compare ST72334 versus ST72331 (section 2.1 on page 6) Correction of the address of the CRSR register to 2Bh instead of 25h (Table 4 page 33) Correction of port A pin name column in Table 9 page 44 (PA2:0 instead of PA3:0) Correction of MISCR2 register description (section 6.2.3 on page 48) Correction of the FLASH and data EEPROM programming time (section 8.7 on page 111) Correction of the TQFP44 socket proposal (Table 23 page 120) More information on the FMP option bit (section 9.2.1 on page 121) Added .S19 format in transfer of Code (section 9.2.2 on page 122) Correction of the microcontroller option list (section 9.2.2 on page 122) History page added (section 10 on page 124) Sept-99 124/125 ST72334J/N, ST72314J/N, ST72124J Notes: Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics 1999 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved. Purchase of I2 C Components by STMicroelectronics conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent. Rights to use these components in an I2C system is granted provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. 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