Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS General Description Features The AP3968/69/70/70S consists of a primary side regulation controller and a high voltage transistor, and is specially designed for off-line power supplies within 12W output power. Typical applications include adapter for ADSL and auxiliary supplies. • • • • The AP3968/69/70/70S operates at pulse frequency modulation (PFM), and provides accurate constant voltage, constant current (CV/CC) regulation without requiring an opto-coupler and secondary control circuitry. It has internal cable compensation function for tight constant voltage regulation. • • • • The AP3968/69/70/70S solution has fewer component numbers, smaller size, and lower total cost. AP3968/69/70/70S Primary Side Control for Eliminating Opto-coupler and Secondary CV/CC Control Circuitry Built-in NPN Transistor with 700VCBO Low Start-up Current: 0.2µA (Typ.) Internal Output Cable Voltage Drop Compensation Random Frequency Modulation for Low EMI Short Circuit Protection Low Total Cost Solution Output Power Range (Note 1): AP3968 for 5W Adapter AP3969 for 7.5W Adapter AP3970 for 12W Adapter AP3970S for 10W Adapter Note 1: Typical continuous power in a non-ventilated enclosed adapter measured at 50ºC ambient. The AP3968 is packaged in SOIC-7. The AP3969/70/70S is packaged in DIP-7 and DIP-8. Applications • • • • • • SOIC-7 Chargers Adapters Set Top Boxes Auxiliary Supplies DVD LED Driver DIP-7 DIP-8 Figure 1. Package Types of AP3968/69/70/70S Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 1 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Pin Configuration M Package (SOIC-7) P Package (DIP-8) CPC 1 7 FB 2 VCC 3 6 C CS 4 5 C GND For AP3968 CPC 1 8 GND FB 2 7 NC VCC 3 6 C CS 4 5 C For AP3969/70/70S P7 Package (DIP-7) CPC 1 7 GND FB 2 VCC 3 6 C CS 4 5 C For AP3969/70/70S Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3968/69/70/70S (Top View) Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 2 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Pin Description Pin Number Pin Name Function 1 CPC This pin connects a capacitor to GND for output cable compensation 2 2 FB 3 3 VCC 4 4 CS Current sense for primary side of transformer 5,6 5,6 C This pin is connected with an internal power BJT’s collector 7 NC 8 GND SOIC-7/DIP-7 DIP-8 1 7 Dec. 2011 The voltage feedback from auxiliary winding This pin receives rectified voltage from the auxiliary winding of the transformer Not connected This pin is the signal reference ground Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 3 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Functional Block Diagram A (B) A for SOIC-7/DIP-7 B for DIP-8 Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3968/69/70/70S Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 4 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Ordering Information AP39XX - Circuit Type G1: Green 68: AP3968 69: AP3969 70: AP3970 70S: AP3970S TR: Tape & Reel Blank: Tube Package M: SOIC-7 P7: DIP-7 P: DIP-8 Package Temperature Range SOIC-7 DIP-7 Part Number Marking ID Packing Type AP3968M-G1 AP3968M-G1 Tube AP3968MTR-G1 AP3968M-G1 Tape & Reel AP3969P7-G1 AP3969P7-G1 Tube AP3970P7-G1 AP3970P7-G1 Tube AP3970SP7-G1 AP3970SP7-G1 Tube AP3969P-G1 AP3969P-G1 Tube AP3970P-G1 AP3970P-G1 Tube AP3970SP-G1 AP3970SP-G1 Tube -40 to 85°C DIP-8 BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "G1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant and green. Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 5 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 2) Parameter Symbol Value Unit Supply Voltage VCC -0.3 to 22 V FB Input Voltage VFB -1 to 10 V Collector-emitter Voltage VCBO 700 V Collector DC Current Operating Junction Temperature AP3968/69 1.5 AP3970 4 AP3970S 3.2 A TJ 150 ºC Storage Temperature TSTG -65 to 150 ºC Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) TLEAD 300 ºC ESD (Machine Model) 200 V ESD (Human Body Model) 2000 V Note 2: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage VCC Operating Temperature Range TOP Maximum Operating Frequency fMAX Dec. 2011 Min -40 Rev. 1. 4 Max Unit 22 V 85 °C 60 kHz BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 6 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Electrical Characteristics VCC =15V, TJ=25°C, unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 13 15 17 V 4.5 5.3 6.3 V 0.2 0.6 320 435 550 1.5 3.5 5.5 µA 4.23 4.3 4.37 V 0.3 V 60 nA UVLO Section Turn-on Voltage VON Turn-off Voltage VOFF No drive Current Standby Current Section Start-up Current IST Operating Current ICC VCC=VON-0.5V µA Feedback Input Section FB Input Current FB Threshold Voltage IFB VFB=4V VFB Power Transistor Section Collector-emitter Saturation Voltage VCE(SAT) DC Current Gain hFE Leakage Current ICEO AP3968/9: IC=0.5A AP3970/70S: IC=1A AP3968/69 14 17 AP3970/70S 17 26 Over Temperature Protection Shutdown Temperature TSHDN Surface temperature 125 Temperature Hysteresis 160 ºC 40 ºC Thermal Impedance Parameter Junction to Ambient Junction to Case Dec. 2011 Value Symbol θJA θJC Unit AP3968 80 AP3969 60 AP3970 45 AP3970S 50 AP3968 40 AP3969 30 AP3970 22 AP3970S 26 Rev. 1. 4 ºC/W BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 7 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Typical Performance Characteristics 17.0 6.5 16.5 6.0 Turn-off Voltage (V) Turn-on Voltage (V) 16.0 15.5 15.0 14.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 14.0 3.5 13.5 13.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 3.0 -40 120 125 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 125 o o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 4. Turn-on Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 5. Turn-off Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 600 Operating Current (µA) 550 500 450 400 350 300 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 125 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Figure 6. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 8 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Operation Description Vs + vIN C1 LM Np Ns D1 CO VO + Iout AP3968/69/70/70S VAUX C NAUX Q1 RFB1 CS GND CPC FB RFB2 RCS CCPC Figure 7. Simplified Flyback Converter Controlled by AP3968/69/70/70S Figure 7 illustrates a simplified flyback converter controlled by AP3968/69/70/70S. Ipk = Constant Primary Peak Current The primary current Ip(t) is sensed by a current sense resistor RCS as shown in Figure 7. The energy stored in the magnetizing inductance LM each cycle is therefore: The current rises up linearly at a rate of: Eg = dip( t ) vg( t ) …………(1) = dt LM So the power transferring from input to output is given by: P= 1 ⋅ L M ⋅ Ipk 2 …………(3) 2 1 ⋅ L M ⋅ Ipk 2 ⋅ f SW …………(4) 2 Where fSW is the switching frequency. When the peak current Ipk is constant, the output power depends on the switching frequency fSW. Figure 8. Primary Current Waveform Constant Voltage Operation The AP3968/69/70/70S captures the auxiliary winding feedback voltage at FB pin and operates in constant-voltage (CV) mode to regulate the output As illustrated in Figure 8, when the current Ip(t) rises up to Ipk, the switch Q1 turns off. The constant peak current is given by: Dec. 2011 Vcs …………(2) Rcs Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 9 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS voltage. Assuming the secondary winding is master, the auxiliary winding is slave during the D1 on-time. The auxiliary voltage is given by: VAUX AP3968/69/70/70S discharging or charging the built-in capacitance connected. This fixed proportion is Tons 4 = ………… (6) Toffs 3 N = AUX ⋅ (Vo + Vd ) …………(5) NS The relation between the output constant-current and secondary peak current Ipks is given by: Where Vd is the diode forward drop voltage, NAUX is the turns of auxiliary winding, and NS is the turns of secondary winding. 1 Tons …………(7) Iout = ⋅ Ipks ⋅ 2 Tons + Toffs At the instant of D1 turn-on, the primary current transfers to the secondary at an amplitude of: Ipks = NP ⋅ Ipk …………(8) NS Thus the output constant current is given by: 2 N Iout = ⋅ P ⋅ Ipk …………(9) 7 NS Figure 9. Auxiliary Voltage Waveform The output voltage is different from the secondary voltage in a diode forward drop voltage Vd which depends on the current. If the secondary voltage is always detected at a constant secondary current, the difference between the output voltage and the secondary voltage will be a fixed Vd. The voltage detection point is portion of Tons after D1 is turned on. The CV loop control function of AP3968/69/70/70S then generates a D1 off-time to regulate the output voltage. Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) When the power switch is turned on, a turn-on spike on the output pulse rising edge will occur on the sense-resistor. To avoid false termination of the switching pulse, a typical 500ns leading edge blanking is built in. During this blanking period, the current sense comparator is disabled and the gate driver can not be switched off. The built-in LEB in AP3968/69/70/70S has shorter delay time from current sense terminal to output pulse than those IC solutions adopting external RC filter as LEB. Constant Current Operation The AP3968/69/70/70S is designed to work in constant current (CC) mode. Figure 10 shows the secondary current waveforms. Built-in Cable Compensation The AP3968/69/70/70S has built-in fixed voltage of 0.35V typical to compensate the drop of output cable when the load is changed from zero to full load. A typical 0.01µF external capacitor connected to the CPC pin is used to smooth voltage signal for cable compensation. Over Temperature Protection The AP3968/69/70/70S has internal thermal sensing circuit to shut down the PFM driver output when the die temperature reaches 160ºC typical. When the die temperature drops about 40ºC, the IC will recover automatically to normal operation. Figure 10. Secondary Current Waveform In CC operation, the CC loop control function of AP3968/69/70/70S will keep a fixed proportion between D1 on-time Tons and D1 off-time Toffs by Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 10 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Typical Application Figure 11. Typical Application of AP3969 (9V/800mA) Item Description C11 C12, C13 D1 to D6 D12 L1 10.0µF/400V, electrolytic 4.7µF/400V, electrolytic 3.3µF/50V, electrolytic 1nF/1kV, ceramic 0.01µF, 0805 1nF/250Vac, Y1 capacitor 1nF, 0805 470µF/16V 1N4007, rectifier diode SB3100 470µH, inductor L2 Bead, 0805 C1 C2 C3 C5 C8 C10 Dec. 2011 QTY Item Description QTY 1 U1 AP3969 1 1 R1 11Ω, 2W 1 1 1 1 R3 R5 R6 3.3MΩ/0.25W 3.9Ω , 0805 150KΩ, 1206 1 1 1 1 R7 1Ω, 1206 1 1 2 6 1 1 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 1 1 1 1 1 1 T1 20KΩ, 0805 13KΩ, 0805 360Ω, 0805 27Ω, 0805 1.2kΩ, 0805 EE16 core, PC40, transformer Rev. 1. 4 1 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 11 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Mechanical Dimensions SOIC-7 Unit: mm(inch) 5.800(0.228) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) 6.200(0.244) 0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020) 2.54(0.100) TYP 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 1.270(0.050) TYP 0.100(0.004) 0.250(0.010) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 0.190(0.007) 0.250(0.010) 0° 8° 1.250(0.049) 1.500(0.059) 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 12 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) DIP-7 Unit: mm(inch) 7.320(0. 288) 7.920(0. 312) 0.204(0.008) 0.360(0. 014) 3.200(0. 126) 3.600(0. 142) 3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 0.510(0.020) MIN 3.000(0. 118) 3.600(0. 142) 0.380(0. 015) 0.570(0. 022) 1.524(0. 060)BSC 2.540(0. 100)BSC 8.400(0. 331) 9.000(0. 354) 6.200(0.244) 6.600(0.260) 9.000(0. 354) 9.400(0. 370) Note: Eject hole , oriented hole and mold mark is optional. Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 13 Preliminary Datasheet Primary Side Power Switcher for Off-line SMPS AP3968/69/70/70S Mechanical Dimensions (Continued) DIP-8 Unit: mm(inch) 0.700(0.028) 7.620(0.300)TYP 1.524(0.060) TYP 6° 5° 6° 3.200(0.126) 3.600(0.142) 3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 4° 4 0.510(0.020)MIN 3.000(0.118) 3.600(0.142) 0.204(0.008) 0.360(0.014) 8.200(0.323) 9.400(0.370) 0.254(0.010)TYP 2.540(0.100) TYP 0.360(0.014) 0.560(0.022) 0.130(0.005)MIN 6.200(0.244) 6.600(0.260) R0.750(0.030) Φ3.000(0.118) Depth 0.100(0.004) 0.200(0.008) 9.000(0.354) 9.400(0.370) Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. Dec. 2011 Rev. 1. 4 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited 14 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited http://www.bcdsemi.com IMPORTANT NOTICE IMPORTANT NOTICE BCD Semiconductor BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited reserves reserves the the right right to to make make changes changes without without further further notice notice to to any any products products or or specifispecifications herein. cations herein. BCD BCD Semiconductor Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited does does not not assume assume any any responsibility responsibility for for use use of of any any its its products products for for any any particular purpose, particular purpose, nor nor does does BCD BCD Semiconductor Semiconductor Manufacturing Manufacturing Limited Limited assume assume any any liability liability arising arising out out of of the the application application or or use use of any of any its its products products or or circuits. circuits. 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