Features • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Highly Integrated - All-in-one Active Antenna IC Integrated AGC for AM and FM Integrated Driver for AM and FM PIN Diodes Integrated Power Supply Regulator Integrated Antenna Sensor Separated AM LNA, AM Buffer and FM Amplifier High Dynamic Range for AM and FM Excellent Noise Performance High Intercept Point 3rd Order for FM FM Amplifier Adjustable to Various Cable Impedances High Intercept Point 2nd and 3rd Order for AM Low Noise Output Voltage Low Power Consumption Low Output Impedance AM Only Small Capacitor Values Necessary at AM AGC Large AM Frequency Range to Cover DRM Broadcast Signals All-in-One IC Solution for Active Antennas ATR4252 1. Description The ATR4252 is a highly integrated high performance AM/FM antenna amplification IC with several features. The device has built-in AGC's for both AM and FM, antenna detection, a power supply regulator as well as additional pre-integrated peripherals. Summary The ATR4252 is based on BICMOS technology. The device is designed in particular for car application and is suitable for active antennas located in several positions on the car such as bumpers, windscreen, mirrors or windows. Preliminary Figure 1-1. Block Diagram AM LNA IN 23 AM LNA SOURCE 24 AM LNA BIAS REF AMPD GND2 FM BIAS FMB FME FMPD 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 FM Amplifier AM LNA 14 FMC 13 FMDET CASCODE 25 FILTER 12 FMTC AM LNA OUT 26 11 VS AMBIAS 27 10 AMOUT AMBUF IN 28 9 GND1 AGC (FM) Voltage Supply Antenna Detect Over Voltage AGC (AM) AM Buffer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NOTE: This is a summary document. The complete document is available under NDA. For more information, please contact your local Atmel sales office. ANTENNA VS VSTART OVDET VREGO AMTC1 AMTC2 AMDET SENSE FILTER 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 2. Pin Configuration Table 2-1. 2 AM LNABIAS REF AMPD GND2 FMBIAS FMB FME FMPD Pinning VQFN 4x5 / 28L 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 AM LNA IN 23 14 FMC AM LNA SOURCE 24 13 FMDET CASCODE FILTER 25 12 FMTC 11 VS 10 AMOUT 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 AMDET 9 1 AMTC2 28 AMTC1 AMBUF IN VREGO 27 OVDET AMBIAS VSTART 26 VS FILTER AM LNA OUT ATR4252 ANTENNA SENSE Figure 2-1. GND1 Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1 ANTENNA SENSE 2 VS FILTER 3 VSTART Comparator input of voltage detector 4 OVDET Overvoltage detection input 5 VREGO Output of voltage regulator 6 AMTC1 AM AGC time-constant capacitance 1 7 AMTC2 AM AGC time-constant capacitance 2 8 AMDET Level detector input of AM-AGC Antenna sense input Supply voltage filter input 9 GND1 10 AMOUT 11 VS 12 FMTC 13 FMDET Level detector input of FM-AGC 14 FMC Collector of FM amplifier (NPN) 15 FMPD 16 FME 17 FMB 18 FMBIAS 19 GND2 Ground AM AM output, impedance matching Supply voltage FM AGC time constant FM AGC output for pin diode FM amplifier emitter(NPN) FM amplifier base (NPN) Reference voltage 2.7V FM Ground FM ATR4252 [Preliminary] 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 ATR4252 [Preliminary] Table 2-1. Pin Description (Continued) Pin Symbol 20 AMPD Function AM AGC output for pin diode 21 REF 22 AM LNA BIAS Reference voltage 6V 23 AM LNA IN 24 AM LNA SOURCE AM LNA source terminal 25 CASCODE FILTER AM Cascode filter terminal 26 AM LNA OUT 27 AMBIAS 28 AMBUF IN Paddle GND Reference voltage for AM LNA IN AM LNA input terminal AM LNA output terminal Reference voltage for AMBUF IN AM Buffer amplifier input, impedance matching Ground paddle 3 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 3. Functional Description The ATR4252 is a highly integrated AM/FM antenna IC with lots of features and functions. In fact the most important feature is the impedance matching on both the antenna input and the cable. The ATR4252 compensates cable losses between the antenna (for example, windscreen, roof or bumper antennas) and the car radio, which is usually placed far away from the antenna. AM means long wave (LW), medium wave (MW) and short wave (SW) frequency bands (150 kHz to 30 MHz) that are usually used for AM as well as for DRM transmissions, and FM means any of the world wide used frequency bands for FM radio broadcast (70 MHz to 110 MHz). Two separate amplifier chains are used for AM and FM due to the different operation frequencies and requirements in the AM and FM band. This allows the use of separate antennas (e.g., windscreen antennas) for AM and FM. Of course, both amplifier chain inputs can also be connected to one antenna (e.g., roof antenna). The AM amplifier chain is separated into two amplifiers. The first one is an LNA that is optimized for low noise figure and low input capacitance. The second amplifier (AM buffer) is optimized to drive a possibly long antenna cable with high parasitic capacitance. Both amplifiers have outstanding large signal performance. All input and output terminals of these two amplifiers are accessible from outside so they can be connected together according to the application needs. Additionally, a filter can be inserted between LNA output and buffer amplifier input. For AM and FM amplifier chain, two separate automatic gain control (AGC) circuits have been integrated in order to avoid overdriving the amplifiers in large signal conditions. The two separate AGC loops prevent strong AM signals from blocking FM stations and vice versa. The integrated PIN diode drivers reduce the external component cost and board space. A voltage regulation stage is integrated in order to further reduce the external component costs. This stage provides overvoltage protection and current limitation. An external transistor is used as power driver for this stage. 3.1 AM Amplifier Due to the long wavelength in AM bands, the antennas used for AM reception in automotive applications are short compared to the wavelength. Therefore, these antennas do not provide 50Ω output impedance, but have an output impedance of some pF. If these (passive) antennas are connected to the car radio by a long cable, the capacitive load of this cable (some 100 pF) dramatically reduces the signal level at the tuner input. In order to overcome this problem, ATR4252 provides two AM amplifiers, one LNA and one AM buffer amplifier. These two amplifiers can be used independently because all input/output terminals and bias inputs are externally accessible for the application. The AM LNA has low input capacitance (12 pF typically) to reduce the capacitive load at the antenna and provides a voltage gain of typically 9 dB that can be varied from 0 to 15 dB depending on external application. 4 ATR4252 [Preliminary] 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 ATR4252 [Preliminary] The AM buffer amplifier has a very low input capacitance of typically 2.45 pF and can also be connected directly to the car antenna if no additional gain is required. Due to the low output impedance of 8Ω, the buffer amplifier is perfectly suited to drive the capacitive load of long antenna cables. The voltage gain of this amplifier is close to 1 (0 dB), but the insertion gain that is achieved when the buffer amplifier is inserted between antenna output and antenna cable may be much higher (up to 35 dB). The actual value, of course, depends on antenna and cable capacitances. The input of the buffer amplifier is connected by an external 4.7 MΩ resistor to the bias voltage in order to maintain high input impedance and low noise voltage. AM tuners in car radios usually use PIN diode attenuators at their input. These PIN diode attenuators attenuate the signal by reducing the input impedance of the tuner. Therefore, a series resistor is used at the AM amplifier output in the standard application. This series resistor guarantees well-defined source impedance for the radio tuner and protects the output of the AM amplifier from short circuit by the PIN diode attenuator in the car radio. 3.2 AM AGC The IC is equipped with an AM AGC capability to prevent overdriving of the amplifier in case the amplifier operates near strong signal sources, e.g., transmitters. The AM amplifier output AMOUT is applied to a resistive voltage divider. This divided signal feeds the AGC level detector input pin AMDET. The rectified signal is compared against an internal reference. The threshold of the AGC can be adjusted by modification of the divider ratio of the external voltage divider. If the threshold is reached ,the pin AMPD opens an internal transistor, which controls the pin diode current and limits the antenna signal to prevent an overdriving of the AM amplifier. As the AM AGC has to react very slowly, large capacitors are usually needed for this time delay. To reduce the cost of the external components, a current control for the time delay is integrated, so that only small external capacitor values are needed. The necessary driver for the external pin diode is already incorporated in the ATR4252 IC, which reduces the BOM cost and the application size. 3.3 FM Amplifier The FM amplifier is realized with a high performance single NPN transistor. This allows the use of an amplifier configuration, which is optimized for the desired requirements. For low cost application, the common emitter configuration provides good performance at reasonable BOM cost. For high end application, common base configuration with lossless transformer feedback provides high IP3 and low noise figure at reasonable current consumption. In both configurations, gain, input and output impedance can be adjusted by modification of external components. The temperature compensated bias voltage (FMBIAS) for the base of the NPN transistor is derived from an integrated voltage reference. The bias current of the FM amplifier is defined by an external resistor. 5 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 3.4 FM AGC The IC is equipped with an AGC capability to prevent overdriving of the amplifier in case the amplifier is operated at strong antenna signals, e.g., near transmitters. It is possible to realize an additional antenna amplifier path with integrated AGC and external RF transistor. The bandwidth of the integrated AGC circuit is 900 MHz. FM amplifier output FMC is connected to a capacitive voltage divider and the divided signal is applied to the AGC level detector at pin FMDET. This level detector input is optimized for low distortion. The rectified signal is compared against an internal reference. The threshold of the AGC can be adjusted by tuning the divider ratio of the external voltage divider. If the threshold is reached, pin FMPD opens an internal transistor, which controls the pin-diode current. By these means, the amplifier input signal is limited and therefore the FM amplifier is prevented from signal overdrive. The necessary driver for the external pin diode is already incorporated in the ATR4252 IC, which reduces the BOM cost and the application size. 3.5 Supply Voltage Regulator The driving voltage for an external power transistor is provided by an integrated regulator circuit. An overvoltage protection circuit recognizes overvoltage condition and switches off the amplifier and AGC circuits in order to reduce current consumption and avoid thermal overload. 3.6 Antenna Sensor In addition, an antenna sensor has been integrated in order to recognize if the antenna is properly connected to the amplifier module. If no antenna is detected, the amplifier and AGC circuits are switched off in order to signal this error via reduction of supply current consumption to the unit that provides and monitors the supply current for the antenna amplifier (e.g., the car radio). 4. Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Reference point is ground. Parameters Pin Symbol Min. Max. Unit Supply voltage 11 VS –0.3 +12 V Collector of FM amplifier 14 FMC 3 16 V AM LNA input terminal 23 AM LNA IN 0 2 V AM LNA output terminal 26 AM LNA OUT 7 12 V Ptot 1200 mW Junction temperature Tj 150 °C Ambient temperature Tamb –40 +105 °C Tstg –50 +150 °C VHBM –2 +2 kV Power dissipation Storage temperature ESD HBM 6 all ATR4252 [Preliminary] 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 ATR4252 [Preliminary] 5. Electrical Characteristics Verified on test circuits (demo design made by Atmel), VS = 10 V, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified No. 1.1 2 Parameters Test Conditions Supply current Pin Symbol AGC OFF VS, FMC, AM LNA OUT Min. Typ. Is 77 FMAGC ON VS, FMC, AM LNA OUT Is 85 Tamb = –40 to +105°C; FMAGC ON VS, FMC, AM LNA OUT Is CAMLNAIN Max. Unit mA 95 mA 99 mA AM LNA+ Buffer(2) 2.1 Input capacitance f = 1 MHz AM LNA IN 2.4 Voltage gain f = 1 MHz AM/FM-OUT 2.5 Input noise voltage Buffer OUT, RBIAS = 4.7 MΩ, B = 9 kHz f = 1 MHz Antenna Dummy Input 2.7 Maximum operating frequency 3 dB corner AM/FM-OUT OIP3(1) AM/FM Out; finp = 1 MHz + 1.1 MHz, Vout = 110 dBµV, 1K II 500 pF load, Vs = 10V 144 dBµV OIP2(1) AM/FM Out; finp = 1 MHz + 1.1 MHz, Vout = 110 dBµV, 1K II 500 pF load, Vs = 10V 170 dBµV kΩ 2.8 2.9 4 pF 9 dB –12 dBµV 30 MHz AM AGC 4.1 Input resistance 4.2 Input capacitance f = 1 MHz 4.4 3 dB corner frequency AGC threshold increased by 3 dB AM PD 4.5 Saturation voltage 10 mA AM PD 4.6 Leakage current 4.7 Maximum PIN Diode current 5 FM Amplifier 5.3 Supply current (3) AM DET RAMDET 40 50 AM DET CAMDET 2.6 3.2 AGC active 3.8 30 VS – 1.9 V 4 AM PD 22 pF MHz AM PD µA 35 mA Common base FMC IFMC 29 mA Common emitter FMC IFMC 35 mA 5.4 Supply current 5.5 Maximum output voltage Vs = 10V FMC 5.6 Input resistance f = 100 MHz FM IN 5.7 Maximum operating frequency 3 dB corner, common emitter FM OUT 5.8 Output resistance f = 100 MHz FM OUT Notes: VN 12 12 RFMIN Vpp 50 450 RFMOUT Ω MHz 50 Ω 1. AGC Loop deactivated 2. Measured with antenna dummy. 7 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 5. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Verified on test circuits (demo design made by Atmel), VS = 10 V, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified No. Parameters Test Conditions 5.9 Power gain f = 100 MHz, common base circuit 5.10 OIP3 at FMOUT Common base circuit 5.11 NF Common base circuit 5.12 Power gain f = 100 MHz, common emitter circuit 5.13 OIP3 at FMOUT Common emitter circuit 5.14 NF Common emitter circuit 6 Maximum PIN Diode current 6.5 Input resistance 6.6 Input capacitance Min. G 5 FM OUT Typ. Max. Unit 8 dB 145 dBµV 1.9 dB 13.5 dB FM OUT 140 dBµV FM OUT 3.5 dB 12 14 mA G AGC active FMPD FM DET RFMDET 17 21 25 kΩ FM DET CFMDET 1.5 1.75 2.0 pF VS 9.5 10 10.5 V VB, AM/FM-Out 40 50 f = 100 MHz Voltage Regulator / Monitor 7.1 Output voltage of regulator Battery voltage VB = 14V 7.2 Ripple rejection of regulator 100 Hz, VB > VS + 1V Notes: Symbol FM AGC 6.4 7 Pin dB 1. AGC Loop deactivated 2. Measured with antenna dummy. 6. Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package Remarks ATR4252-RAPW VQFN 4x5 / 28L Taped on reel, 1.5k volume ATR4252-RAQW VQFN 4x5 / 28L Taped on reel, 6k volume 8 ATR4252 [Preliminary] 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 ATR4252 [Preliminary] 7. Package Information Top View D 28 1 PIN 1 ID E technical drawings according to DIN specifications 8 A Side View A3 A1 Dimensions in mm Bottom View D2 9 14 15 8 COMMON DIMENSIONS E2 (Unit of Measure = mm) 1 28 23 e Z 10:1 L Z 22 Symbol MIN NOM MAX A 0.8 0.9 1 A1 A3 0.0 0.15 0.02 0.2 0.05 0.25 D 3.9 4 4.1 D2 2.45 2.6 2.75 E 4.9 5 5.1 E2 3.45 3.6 3.75 L 0.3 0.4 0.5 b e 0.16 0.23 0.5 BSC 0.3 NOTE b Package Drawing Contact: [email protected] TITLE Package: VQFN_4x5_28L Exposed pad 2.6x3.6 06/18/08 DRAWING NO. REV. 6.543-5143.01-4 2 9 9154AS–AUDR–09/09 Headquarters International Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131 USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 487-2600 Atmel Asia Unit 1-5 & 16, 19/F BEA Tower, Millennium City 5 418 Kwun Tong Road Kwun Tong, Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2245-6100 Fax: (852) 2722-1369 Atmel Europe Le Krebs 8, Rue Jean-Pierre Timbaud BP 309 78054 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines Cedex France Tel: (33) 1-30-60-70-00 Fax: (33) 1-30-60-71-11 Atmel Japan 9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg. 1-24-8 Shinkawa Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033 Japan Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551 Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581 Technical Support [email protected] Sales Contact www.atmel.com/contacts Product Contact Web Site www.atmel.com Literature Requests www.atmel.com/literature Disclaimer: The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products. 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