AU9226 USB KVM Controller Technical Reference Manual AU9226 USB KVM Controller Copyright Copyright © 1997 - 2007. Alcor Micro, Corp. All Rights Reserved. No part of this data sheet may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without prior written permission from Alcor Micro, Corp. Trademark Acknowledgements The company and product names mentioned in this document may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their manufacturers. Disclaimer Alcor Micro, Corp. reserves the right to change this product without prior notice. Alcor Micro, Corp. makes no warranty for the use of its products and bears no responsibility for any error that appear in this document. Specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Revision History Date Revision Description July 2007 1.00W Official release Oct 2007 1.01W Modify “3.0 Pin Assignment” Contact Information: Web site: http://www.alcormicro.com/ Taiwan Alcor Micro, Corp. 4F, No 200 Kang Chien Rd., Nei Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Phone: 886-2-8751-1984 Fax: 886-2-2659-7723 China ShenZhen Office Rm.2407-08, Industrial Bank Building No.4013, Shennan Road, ShenZhen,China. 518026 Phone: (0755) 8366-9039 Fax: (0755) 8366-9101 Santa Clara Office 2901 Tasman Drive, Suite 206 Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA Phone: (408) 845-9300 Fax: (408) 845-9086 Los Angeles Office 9070 Rancho Park Court Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730 USA Phone: (909) 483-8821 Fax: (909) 944-0464 <Memo> Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................ 1 1.1 Description...................................................................................1 1.2 Features........................................................................................1 2. Application Block Diagram ................................... 2 3. Pin Assignment ...................................................... 3 4. System Architecture and Reference Design ....... 7 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram ...............................................................7 5. Hot Key Definition .................................................. 8 5.1 [Scroll]++[Scroll] mode ...............................................................8 5.2 [Caps]++[Caps] mode..................................................................8 5.3 [Num]++[Num] Mode ...................................................................9 5.4 [Ctrl]+[Shift] mode (left-hand side) ............................................9 6. Electrical Characteristics ...................................... 11 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions .......................................11 6.2 General DC Characteristics ........................................................11 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells..........................11 6.4 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization ...............12 6.5 ESD Test Results.........................................................................12 6.6 Latch-Up Test Results.................................................................13 7. Mechanical Information ......................................... 15 7. Abbreviations ......................................................... 16 i List of Figures Figure 2.1 Block Diagram..................................................................2 Figure 3.1 Pin Assignment Diagram ................................................3 Figure 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram ...................................................7 Figure 6.1 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization ...12 Figure 6.2 Latch-Up Test Circuits ....................................................14 Figure 7.1 Mechanical Information Diagram ...................................15 List of Tables Table 3.1 Pin Descriptions ................................................................4 Table 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions .............................11 Table 6.2 General DC Characteristics ..............................................11 Table 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells ...............11 Table 6.4 ESD Data ............................................................................12 Table 6.5 Latch–Up Data ...................................................................14 ii 1. Introduction 1.1 Description AU9226 is a highly integrated single chip USB KVM controller offering users the possibility of sharing keyboard, mouse and monitor among up to two PCs. Not like traditional PS2 KVM devices, AU9226 uses USB as its upstream and downstream interface to support its driver-free and plug-n-play features, which allow users to easily install and use the KVM. Typical application of AU9226 is under an environment, in which only one set of monitor, keyboard and mouse is available. Applying such kind of devices in a computing environment will not only result in a centralized control, but also reduce the power and space consumption. 1.2 Features Fully USB v1.1 specification compliant Support USB bus power and device self power Support up to 2 PCs via 2 USB upstream ports Support USB downstream port 1 for USB keyboard Support USB downstream port 2 for USB mouse Support PS2 keyboard Support both “panel button” and “hot key” to switch among PCs Support “auto-scan” mode for users to monitor PCs easily Support audio beep when system switches Support upstream port selected LED indicators for each PC respectively Support phantom keyboard to let user does not need to configure BIOS to turn on “No halt on error” Support 2 different sets of key sequence to switch among PCs (Please see the key definition in the following) Recalls “Caps Lock”, “Num Lock” and “Scroll Lock” keys’ status for each PC automatically Output the monitor selection signals to the external video-switching circuits Support 8-bit MCU interface to provide control from external MCU Support serial MCU interface to provide control from external MCU No need to install device driver under Windows, Macintosh, Linux, FreeBSD and Sun system Support EEPRom to memorize hotkey mode AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 1 2. Application Block Diagram Typical application is in a computing environment where it demands a centralized control and space & energy saving is critical. Figure 2.1 Block Diagram PC 1 USB cable PC 2 USB cable Monitor Cable Monitor cable Selection (3x) Monitor and Audio swtiching box (Relay device ) Port 2 Port 1 AU9226 KVM Auto-swtich mode default button x 1 Keyboard PS2 Keyboard Mouse 2 Audio Devices Monitor AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 3. Pin Assignment The AU9226 is delivered in 48pin LQFP form factor. Documented below is a figure shows signal names of each pin and a table in the following page describes each pin in more details. Figure 3.1 Pin Assignment Diagram UPUSB1_DP D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 MONITOREN0 UPUSB2_DM 46 UPUSB2_DP UP1LEDN 47 UPUSB1_DM UP2LEDN 48 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 AVCC 1 36 GPO0 AVSS 2 35 GPO1 XTAL1 3 34 GPO2 XTAL2 4 33 D2 VCC5V 5 32 D1 BVCC 6 31 D0 BVSS 7 30 PS2_DAT SWITCHN 8 29 PS2_CLK AUDIOSWITCHN 9 28 SWITCHMODE2 BUS_PWRD 10 27 SWITCHMODE1 BEEP 11 26 SWITCHMODE0 INTN 12 25 VCC AU9226 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 GND GND ALE CSN RDN DOWNUSB2_DP DOWNUSB2_DM DOWNUSB1_DP DOWNUSB1_DM WRN EXTCPUMOD VSS AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 3 Table 3.1 Pin Descriptions Pin # Pin Name I/O Description 1 AVCC PWR 3.3V analog input power 2 AVSS PWR Analog ground 3 XTAL1 I 12 MHz crystal input 4 XTAL2 O 12 MHz crystal output 5 VCC5V PWR 5.0V input power from USB port 6 BVCC PWR 3.3V output power from internal regulator 7 BVSS PWR Ground pin of internal regulator 8 SWITCHN I 9 AUDIOSWITCHN I 10 BUS_PWRD I 11 BEEP O 12 INTN O 13 GND Ground 14 GND Ground Button with internal pull-up for switching to next system (0: Enable; 1: Normal) Audio ON/OFF switch with internal pull-up (1: OFF; 0: ON) Bus power selection (1: Device Self Power; 0: Bus Power) Audio output (4 KHz frequency) when system switches Interrupt signal output to external MCU when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (falling-edge triggered) When not using external parallel MCU, it should be pulled down. Address latch enable when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (1: AD bus is address; 0: AD bus is data) Chip enable for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (0: Enable) Read strobe for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' (0: Enable) 15 ALE I 16 CSN I 17 RDN I 18 DOWNUSB2_DP I/O DownPort2 DP 19 DOWNUSB2_DM I/O DownPort2 DM 20 DOWNUSB1_DP I/O DownPort1 DP 21 DOWNUSB1_DM I/O DownPort1 DM 22 WRN I 23 EXTCPUMOD I 24 VSS PWR 4 Read strobe for the MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD ='1' (0: Enable; 1: Normal) External MCU mode selection (1: Parallel; 0: Serial). Serial is the default mode. Digital ground AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W Pin # Pin Name I/O Description 25 VCC PWR 26 SWITCHMODE0 I 27 SWITCHMODE1 I 28 SWITCHMODE2 I 29 PS2_CLK I/O 3.3V digital input power Switch mode selection (SW0, SW1) for internal hotkey mode when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='0', it’s defined as: (0, 0): [Scroll][Scroll] mode (default) (0, 1): [Caps Lock][Caps Lock] mode (1, 0): [Num Lock][Num Lock] mode (1, 1): [Ctrl][Shift] mode (left-hand side) Enable external MCU mode (1: Enable; 0: Disable). Disable is the default setting. PS2 clock signal (external pull-up required) 30 PS2_DAT I/O 31 D0 I/O 32 D1 I/O 33 D2 I/O 34 GPO2 O PS2 data signal (external pull-up required) Bit 0 with internal pull-up in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus SDA signal (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus SDA signal (master mode) when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='1' Bit 1 with internal pull-up in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus SCL signal (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus SCL signal (master mode) when SWITCHMODE2='0' and D2='1' Bit 2 with internal pull-down in address/data bus of MCU interface when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'. It also provides alternative functions: I2C bus address 0 (slave mode) when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0' I2C bus master mode enable bit when SWITCHMODE2='0' General purpose output pin 2 35 GPO1 O General purpose output pin 1 36 GPO0 O General purpose output pin 0 37 MONITOREN0 O 38 D3 I/O 39 D4 I/O AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W Monitor Select : ('0' : Monitor1 Select ; ‘1’ : Monitor2 Select) Data3 or Address3 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'; I2C slave address1 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0'; Data4 or Address4 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1'; I2C slave address2 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='0'; 5 Pin # Pin Name I/O 40 D5 I/O 41 D6 I/O 42 D7 I/O 43 UPUSB1_DP I/O Upstream Port 1 DP 44 UPUSB1_DM I/O Upstream Port 1 DM 45 UPUSB2_DP I/O Upstream Port 2 DP 46 UPUSB2_DM I/O Upstream Port 2 DM 47 UP1LEDN O System 1 LED Indicator 48 UP2LEDN O System 2 LED Indicator 6 Description Data5 or Address5 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' Data6 or Address6 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' Data7 or Address7 when SWITCHMODE2='1' and EXTCPUMOD='1' AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 4. System Architecture and Reference Design 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram Figure 4.1 AU9226 Block Diagram Host 1 Host 2 USB Protocol Engine USB Protocol Engine Downstream Port Downstream Port Downstream Port Data Checker Downstream Port Data Multiplexor Switch Detection port 1: USB Keyboard; port 2: USB Mouse; PS2 port: PS2 Keyboard AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 7 5. Hot Key Definition AU9226 supports 2 sets of “Hot Key” to help users to switch PC, rapidly and easily, via hot key sequence defined using keypads on the left hand side of a keyboard. 5.1 [Scroll]++[Scroll] mode Hot Key Definition [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + 1 (note1) Switch to PC1 [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + 2 Switch to PC2 [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + → or ↓ Switch to Next PC [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + ← or ↑ Switch to Previous PC [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + B [Scroll]++[Scroll]+F1~F8 Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC) switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4). [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Caps] Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Num] Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode [Scroll]++[Scroll]+[Ctrl] Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + S [Scroll] ++ [Scroll] + S + n 5.2 [Caps]++[Caps] mode Hot Key Definition [Caps]++[Caps]+1 Switch to PC1 [Caps]++[Caps]+2 Switch to PC2 [Caps]++[Caps]+→ or ↓ Switch to Next PC [Caps]++[Caps]+← or ↑ Switch to Previous PC [Caps]++[Caps]+B [Caps]++[Caps]+F1~F8 Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) [Caps]++[Caps]+[Scroll] Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode [Caps]++[Caps]+[Num] Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode [Caps]++[Caps]+[Ctrl] Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode [Caps]++[Caps]+S [Caps]++[Caps]+S + n 8 AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 5.3 [Num]++[Num] Mode Hot Key Definition [Num]++[Num]+1 Switch to PC1 [Num]++[Num]+2 Switch to PC2 [Num]++[Num]+→ or ↓ Switch to Next PC [Num]++[Num]+← or ↑ Switch to Previous PC [Num]++[Num]+B [Num]++[Num]+F1~F8 Beeper ON/OFF (note2) Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) [Num]++[Num]+[Scroll] Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode [Num]++[Num]+[Caps] Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode [Num]++[Num]+[Ctrl] Switch to [Ctrl]+[Shift] hot key mode [Num]++[Num]+S [Num]++[Num]+S + n 5.4 [Ctrl]+[Shift] mode (left-hand side) Hot Key Definition [Ctrl]++[Ctrl] Switch to next live PC [Ctrl + Shift + 1] Switch to PC1 [Ctrl + Shift + 2] Switch to PC2 [Ctrl + Shift + → or ↓] Switch to Next PC [Ctrl + Shift + ← or ↑] Switch to Previous PC [Ctrl + Shift + B] Beeper ON/OFF (note2) [Ctrl + Shift + F1~F8] Auto-scan mode every 10 second. ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Set Auto-scan rate (note3). ([ESC] switch to regular key code) Customer define key (note4) [Ctrl + Shift + Scroll] Switch to [Scroll]++[Scroll] hot key mode [Ctrl + Shift + Caps] Switch to [Caps]++[Caps] hot key mode [Ctrl + Shift + Num] Switch to [Num]++[Num] hot key mode [Ctrl + Shift + S] [Ctrl + Shift + S + n] Note 1: “++” means press key rapidly, “[Scroll]++[Scroll]+1” means press “Scroll” twice rapidly and then press “1”. If system receives “Scroll ++ Scroll” command only, system will reset the buffer when it does not receive any input comes after within a defined interval of time (say, 5 seconds). Note 2: Audible feedback when beeper is ON and keep the device in silent mode when beeper is OFF. Note 3: n = number from 1 to 9, each represents 5 seconds’ interval latency to 60 seconds correspondingly. AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 9 Auto-scan rate set 【N】number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Second 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 60 Note 4: Function key +F1 Function key +F2 Function key +F3 Function key +F4 Function key +F5 Function key +F6 Function key +F7 Function key +F8 10 GPO 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 GPO 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 GPO 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 6. Electrical Characteristics 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions Table 6.1 Recommended Operating Conditions SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN TYP MAX UNITS VCC Power Supply 4.75 5 5.25 V VIN Input Voltage 0 VCC V TORP Operating Temperature 0 85 OC TSTG Storage Temperature -40 125 OC 6.2 General DC Characteristics Table 6.2 General DC Characteristics SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS IIL Input low current IIH Input high current OZ Tri-state leakage current CIN Input capacitance 5 ρF COUT Output capacitance 5 ρF CBID Bi-directional buffer capacitance 5 ρF no pull-up or pull-down no pull-up or pull-down MIN TYP MAX UNITS -1 1 µA -1 1 µA -10 10 µA 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells Table 6.3 DC Electrical Characteristics of 3.3V I/O Cells Limits SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS UNIT MIN TYP MAX VIL Input Low Voltage CMOS VIH Input Hight Voltage CMOS VOL Output low voltage IOL=4mA, 16mA VOH Output high voltage IOH=4mA,16mA RI Input Pull-up/down resistance Vil=0V or Vih=VCC AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 0.9 V 2.3 V 0.4 V 2.4 V 10k/20 0k KΩ 11 6.4 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization The following setup was used to measure the open loop voltage gain for crystal oscillator circuits. The feedback resistor serves to bias the circuit at its quiescent operating point and the AC coupling capacitor, Cs, is much larger than C1 and C2. Figure 6.1 Crystal Oscillator Circuit Setup for Characterization 6.5 ESD Test Results Test Description: ESD Testing was performed on a Zapmaster system using the Human-Body –Model (HBM) and Machine-Model (MM), according to MIL_STD 883 and EIAJ IC_121 respectively. Human-Body-Model stress devices by sudden application of a high voltage supplied by a 100 PF capacitor through 1.5 Kohm resistance. Machine-Model stresses devices by sudden application of a high voltage supplied by a 200 PF capacitor through very low (0 ohm) resistance Test circuit & condition Zap Interval : 1 second Number of Zaps : 3 positive and 3 negative at room temperature Critera : I-V Curve Tracing Table 6.4 ESD Data Model Model S/S TARGET Results HBM MM Vdd, Vss, I/C Vdd, Vss, I/C 15 15 2000V 200V TBD TBD 12 AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 6.6 Latch-Up Test Results Test Description: Latch-Up testing was performed at room ambient using an IMCS-4600 system which applies a stepped voltage to one pin per device with all other pins open except Vdd and Vss which were biased to 5 Volts and ground respectively. Testing was started at 5.0 V (Positive) or 0 V(Negative), and the DUT was biased for 0.5 seconds. If neither the PUT current supply nor the device current supply reached the predefined limit (DUT=0 mA , Icc=100 mA), then the voltage was increased by 0.1 Volts and the pin was tested again. This procedure was recommended by the JEDEC JC-40.2 CMOS Logic standardization committee. Notes: 1. DUT: Device Under Test. 2. PUT: Pin Under Test. Icc Measurement m 1 Source + Untested Input Tied to V supply Pin Pin under under test test Vcc DUT V Supply Untested Output Open Circuit + GND Trigger Source Test Circuit : Positive Input/ output Overvoltage /Overcurrent AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 13 Icc M easurem ent mA 1 Source + V Supply Vcc Pin under test Untested Input Tied to V supply + Untested Output O pen Circuit DUT GND Trigger Source Test Circuit: Negative Input/Output Overvoltage/Overcurrent Icc Measurement mA V Supply Vcc All Input Tied to V supply Untested Output Open Circuit DUT + GND Supply voltage Test Figure 6.2 Latch-Up Test Circuits Model Model + Voltage + Current Vdd-Vxx Voltage (v)/ Current (mA) 11.0 11.0 200 200 9.0 S/S Results 5 TBD 5 TBD 5 TBD Table 6.5 Latch–Up Data 14 AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W 7. Mechanical Information Figure 7.1 Mechanical Information Diagram E 0.25 E1 GAUGE PLANE A1 SEATING PLANE D D1 L L1 C1 b SYMBOLS A A1 A2 c1 D D1 E E1 e b L L1 MIN. MAX. -1.6 0.05 0.15 1.35 1.45 0.09 0.16 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 0.5 BSC 0.17 0.27 0.45 0.75 1 REF AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W A2 A e 1. JEDEC OUTLINE: MS-026 BBC 2. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25mm PER SIDE. D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE DIMENSIONS IMCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. 3. DIMENSION b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL NOT CAUSE THE LEAD WIDTH TO EXCEED THE MAXIMUM b DIMENSION BY MORE THAN 0.08mm 15 7. Abbreviations In this chapter some of the terms and abbreviations used throughout the technical reference manual are listed as follows. SIE UTMI Serial Interface Engine USB Transceiver Macrocell Interface About Alcor Micro, Corp. Alcor Micro, Corp. designs, develops and markets highly integrated and advanced peripheral semiconductor, and software driver solutions for the personal computer and consumer electronics markets worldwide. We specialize in USB solutions and focus on emerging technology such as USB and IEEE 1394. The company offers a range of semiconductors including controllers for USB hub, integrated keyboard/USB hub and USB Flash memory card reader…etc. Alcor Micro, Corp. is based in Taipei, Taiwan, with sales offices in Taipei, Japan, Korea and California. Alcor Micro is distinguished by its ability to provide innovative solutions for spec-driven products. Innovations like single chip solutions for traditional multiple chip products and on-board voltage regulators enable the company to provide cost-efficiency solutions for the computer peripheral device OEM customers worldwide. 16 AU9226 USB KVM Controller V1.01W