Selection Guide
M a r. 2 0 1 3
MINI-SPECTROMETERS
Integrating a HAMAMATSU image sensor, its driver circuit, and optical elements into a compact case
Compact and low cost
mini-spectrometers
HAMAMATSU mini-spectrometers are compact polychromators made up of optical elements such as a grating, an
image sensor and its driver circuit, all integrated into a
compact case. By guiding light with an optical fiber into a
mini-spectrometer, the light spectrum can be measured
and then output from the USB port to a PC for data acquisition and analysis.
High-performance spectrophotometers are used in a wide
range of fields, such as chemical analysis. However, those
spectrophotometers are usually large and expensive. Moreover, the sample has to be brought into a laboratory where
the spectrometer is installed.
By merging our unique image sensor technology accumulated over many years with advanced MEMS technology
such as holographic processing, HAMAMATSU has developed mini-spectrometers featuring a compact size and
low cost.
Mini-spectrometers can be used in diverse applications including chemical analysis, color measurement, environmental measurement, and process control on production
lines. HAMAMATSU also provides OEM models designed
for installation into portable measuring devices.
Contents
Image sensor technology
1 Selection guide
2 Lineup of mini-spectrometers
2-1. For UV to near IR [TM series]
High sensitivity type C10082CA, C10083CA High resolution type C10082CAH, C10083CAH
2-2. For UV to near IR [TM series] C10082MD, C10083MD
2-3. For visible to near IR [TM series] Trigger-compatible C11697MA
2-4. For UV or near IR [TG series]
High sensitivity type C9404CA, C9405CB High resolution type C9404CAH
2-5. High resolution type [TG series] C11713CA, C11714CA
2-6. For near IR [TG series] C9406GC, C9913GC, C9914GB
2-7. For near IR (up to 2.55 m) [TG series] C11118GA
2-8. Ultra-compact type [MS series]
For installation into measurement equipment C10988MA-01, C11708MA
2-9. Compact, low cost type [RC series] C11007MA, C11008MA
For installation into measurement equipment C11009MA, C11010MA
1
3
Structure
3
5
7
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
26
MOEMS* technology supports mini-spectrometers
MEMS technology
Entrance slit
Transmission
grating
Collimating
mirror
A grating is an optical element that
disperses light into a spectrum. Gratings for mini-spectrometers (TG/TM
series) use a transmission type (made
of quartz) fabricated by a holographic
process. The holographic process is
an excellent technique ideal for mass
production as it allows the grating to
be fabricated directly onto the substrate, instead of fabricating a replica
from the master grating. This makes
it possible to separate light into a precise spectrum and improves measurement throughput. It also reduces
stray light levels to obtain high diffraction efficiency with low noise.
SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image of grating
Features
Image
sensor
Excellent technology ideal for mass production
Low stray light level
High diffraction efficiency
Focus
mirror
Image sensor technology
KACCC0287EA
The detector that is the heart of the
mini-spectrometer is a HAMAMATSU
image sensor. It holds a well-earned,
long-standing reputation among users
in analysis and measurement fields.
Features
Back-thinned CCD image sensors
CMOS linear image sensors
InGaAs linear image sensors
Image sensors used in mini-spectrometers
* Micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems
4
Characteristics
4-1. Spectral resolution
4-2. Stray light
4-3. Sensitivity
5
6
7
8
Operation mode
Dedicated software
Measurement examples
Related products
8-1. Optical fibers for light input A9762-01, A9763-01
8-2. Coaxial cable for external trigger A10670
8-3. Compact UV-VIS S2D2 fiber light source L10671
8-4. High power UV-VIS fiber light source L10290
8-5. Compact 5 W xenon flash lamp module L9455-11/-12/-13, L11035-11/-12/-13
8-6. 2 W xenon flash lamp module L12336 series
27
27
29
30
31
33
35
37
37
37
37
37
37
38
2
Image sensor technology
HAMAMATSU image sensors built into mini-spectrometers
Mini-spectrometer
Built-in image sensor
C10082CA, C10082CAH
C10083CA, C10083CAH
C10082MD, C10083MD
C11697MA
C9404CA, C9404CAH
C9405CB
C11713CA
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
S10420-1106-01
CMOS linear image sensor
S8378-1024Q
CMOS image sensor with amp array
-
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
IR-enhanced back-thinned CCD image sensor
S10420-1006-01
S11510-1006
S10420-1106-01
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
C11714CA
C9406GC
C9913GC
C9914GB
C11118GA
C11007MA, C11009MA
C11008MA, C11010MA
C10988MA-01, C11708MA
Non-cooled type
TE-cooled type
Long
wavelength
type
(peak sensitivity wavelength 1.95 m),
InGaAs linear image sensor
TE-cooled type
Long wavelength type (peak sensitivity wavelength 2.3 m),
TE-cooled type
CMOS linear image sensor
IR-enhanced CMOS linear image sensor
CMOS linear image sensor
S10420-1006-01
G9204-512D
G9204-512S
G9208-256W
S8378-256N
-
Back-thinned CCD image sensors
Mini-spectrometers such as the C9404CA, C9405CB and C10082CA incorporate a back-thinned CCD image sensor designed by HAMAMATSU for
mini-spectrometers. Back-thinned CCD image sensors have high quantum
efficiency in the UV region and are highly stable under UV light. They also
operate in MPP mode to ensure a low dark current with no afterimage. All
these features make mini-spectrometers with back-thinned CCD image sensors ideal for low-light-level photometry such as fluorescence measurement. IR-enhanced back-thinned CCD image sensor has high infrared sensitivity.
S10420-1106-01
Features
(1) Our unique process technology yields a high CCD node
sensitivity (6.5 V/e-)
(2) High full well capacity and wide dynamic range, with antiblooming function
(3) High sensitivity over a wide spectral range and nearly flat
spectral response characteristics
(4) Pixel size and number of pixels optimized by taking resolution
and stray light characteristics into account
Spectral response
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
100
S11510-1006
Quantum efficiency (%)
80
S10420-1006-01 S10420-1106-01 S11510-1006
Unit
Pixel size (H × V)
14 × 14
m
pixels
Number of active pixels 1024 × 64 2048 × 64 1024 × 64
14.336 × 0.896 28.672 × 0.896 14.336 × 0.896
mm
Active area (H × V)
200 to 1100
nm
Spectral response range
4-phase
Horizontal clock phase
2-phase
Vertical clock phase
6.5
V/eCCD node sensitivity
50
e-/pixel/s
Dark current (MPP mode)
6
e- rms
Readout noise
60
keVertical
Full well
capacity
ke300
Horizontal
50000
Dynamic range
With anti-blooming
Anti-blooming
60
Window
40
Mini-spectrometers
with CCD mounted
S10420-01 series
20
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Wavelength (nm)
KMPDB0265EB
3
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
Parameter
Quartz
-
C10082CA
C9404CA C10082CAH
C9404CAH C10083CA C9405CB
C11713CA C10083CAH
C11714CA
-
CMOS linear image sensors
CMOS linear image sensors achieve excellent linearity due to a high-performance charge amplifier formed on-chip. They also offer high sensitivity
in the UV to near infrared region while ensuring low noise. Compared to
back-thinned CCD image sensors, CMOS linear image sensors can handle
a large charge and are more suited for use in applications involving higher
light intensity. High light level mini-spectrometers are ideal for spectrophotometry, such as light source spectrum and absorbance measurements.
S8378-1024Q
Spectral response (typical example)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
100
Parameter
S8378-256N
25 × 500
Pixel size (H × V)
Pixel pitch
Relative sensitivity (%)
80
40
20
256
400
600
800
1000
m
1024
pixels
Spectral response range
200 to 1000
nm
Peak sensitivity wavelength
500
nm
Dark current
0.04
pA
Saturation charge
6.3
pC
Feedback capacitance
of charge amplifier *1
High gain
0.5
Low gain
2.5
Readout
noise
High gain
0.9
2.1
Low gain
0.2
0.4
Cooling
0
200
Unit
m
25
Number of pixels
60
S8378-1024Q
pF
Non-cooled
mV rms
-
*1: Vg=0 V (High gain), Vg=5 V (Low gain)
Wavelength (nm)
KMPDB0213EB
InGaAs linear image sensors
InGaAs linear image sensors contain a CMOS charge amplifier array that accumulates the generated charge to provide a large output signal. InGaAs linear
image sensors are preferably used for low-light-level detection in the near infrared region. The C9913GC, C9914GB and C11118GA mini-spectrometers use a
TE-cooled InGaAs linear image sensor and feature low noise operation. The InGaAs linear image sensor (G9208-256W) used in the C11118GA is a long wavelength type that allows measurement of long-wavelength light up to 2.55 m.
Spectral response
Photo sensitivity (A/W)
1.2
G9204-512D
(Typ.)
1.4
Built-in
image sensor
of C9914GB
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
Built-in
image
sensor
Parameter
G9204-512D G9204-512S
G9208-256W Unit
of C9914GB
25 × 500
Pixel size (H × V)
m
50 × 250
50 × 250
25
Pixel pitch
m
50
50
512
Number of pixels
pixels
256
256
Peak sensitivity wavelength
1550
nm
1950
2300
Saturation charge*2
30
pC
30
30
G9208-256W
Long wavelength
type (TE-cooled)
1.0
0.8
G9204-512D
(Non-cooled)
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.8
RMS noise voltage*3
(readout noise)
G9204-512S
(TE-cooled)
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Wavelength ( m)
2.2
2.4
2.6
KMIRB0037EC
Cooling
180
Non-cooled
180
180
One-stage Two-stage Two-stage
TE-cooled TE-cooled TE-cooled
V rms
-
*2: Vφ=5 V, CE=16 nV/e-, Vp=5 V
*3: Standard deviation, Number of integration: 50
4
1. Selection guide
Type No.
Spectral response range (nm)
Type
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Spectral resolution
max. (nm)
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA
6
High sensitivity
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
TM series
C10082MD
C10083CA
C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
8
(λ=320 to 900 nm)
High sensitivity
Back-thinned
CCD image sensor
1 (typ.)
(λ=320 to 900 nm)
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
High resolution
320 to 1000
Wide dynamic range
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II
C11697MA
Trigger-compatible
TG-UV-CCD
C9404CA
TG-UV-CCD
TG series
C9405CB
C11713CA
High resolution
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II
IR-enhanced
5
back-thinned
(λ=550 to 900 nm) CCD image sensor
500 to 1100
High sensitivity
TG-RAMAN-I
0.3 (typ.)
500 to 600
Back-thinned
CCD image sensor
0.3 (typ.)
790 to 920
TG-NIR
7
TG series
Non-cooled
C9914GB
900 to 1700
TG-cooled NIR-I
7
Low noise (cooled-type)
InGaAs linear
image sensor
TG-cooled NIR-II
1100 to 2200
Low noise (cooled-type)
TG-cooled NIR-III
C11118GA
C11008MA
RC-SWNIR-MOS
Spectrometer module
RC series
RC-VIS-MOS
Spectrometer module
C11009MA
RC-VIS-MOS
Spectrometer head
C11708MA
MS series
C10988MA-01
MS-VIS-MOS
Spectrometer head
20
340 to 780
640 to 1050
340 to 780
RC-SWNIR-MOS
Spectrometer head
C11010MA
8
900 to 2550
Low noise (cooled-type)
C11007MA
CMOS image sensor
with amp array
Back-thinned
CCD image sensor
High resolution
C9913GC
8
1 (typ.)
TG-RAMAN-II
C9406GC
CMOS linear
image sensor
200 to 400
High resolution
C11714CA
8
3
High sensitivity
C9404CAH
CMOS linear
image sensor
6
Wide dynamic range
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
Back-thinned
CCD image sensor
1 (typ.)
200 to 800
High resolution
Built-in
image sensor
640 to 1050
340 to 750
9
CMOS linear
image sensor
8
IR enhanced
CMOS linear
image sensor
9
CMOS linear
image sensor
8
IR-enhanced
CMOS linear
image sensor
14
CMOS linear
image sensor
MS-SWNIR-MOS
Spectrometer head
640 to 1050
20
*1: Types marked with a circle ( ) conform to the European EMC directives: EN 61326-1: 2006 Group1 Class B.
Types marked with a double circle ( ) conform to the European EMC directives: EN 61326-1: 2006 Group1 Class B
and Low Voltage directives: EN 61010-1: 2010.
Comparison of mini-spectrometers integrating back-thinned CCD and CMOS
CCD
Type
Feature
5
CMOS
C9404CA, C9405CB
C10082CA, C10083CA
C9404CAH
C10082CAH, C10083CAH
C11713CA, C11714CA
C10082MD, C10083MD, C11697MA
High sensitivity,
suitable for low-light-level
spectrophotometer
(fluorescence measurement, etc.)
High resolution
Suitable for environments with relatively high light level
(spectrum measurement of light sources and absorbance
measurement, etc.)
Number of
pixels
Integration
time
(ms)
A/D
conversion
Interface
External power External trigger
supply
(reference page)
10 to 10000
2048
16-bit
CE *1
marking
+5 V
USB 1.1
Feature
Page
no.
● High sensitivity
● Ideal for low-light-level measurement
(fluorescence measurement, etc.)
● C10082CAH: High resolution of 1 nm
P.7
● Suitable for environments with relatively
-
5 to 10000
1024
high light intensity (spectrum measurement
of light sources, absorbance measurement, etc.)
(P.31)
10 to 10000
2048
16-bit
● High sensitivity
● Ideal for low-light-level measurement
(fluorescence measurement, etc.)
● C10083CAH: High resolution of 1 nm
+5 V
USB 1.1
P.9
P.7
● Suitable for environments with relatively
-
5 to 10000
1024
4 s to
100000 s
16-bit
1024
-
USB 2.0
1024
16-bit
10 to 10000
USB 1.1
+5 V
1024
16-bit
10 to 10000
USB 1.1
+5 V
high light intensity (spectrum measurement
of light sources, absorbance measurement, etc.)
● Trigger function included
● Ideal for measurement of pulsed light
emission
(P.32)
● High sensitivity
● Ideal for low-light-level measurement
(fluorescence measurement, etc.)
● C9404CAH: High resolution of 1 nm
(P.31)
● High infrared sensitivity
● Ideal for low-light-level measurement
(P.31)
10 to 10000
USB 1.1
+5 V
(P.31)
-
1024
5 to 10000
512
-
USB 1.1
16-bit
5 to 1000
P.11
P.13
P.13
(fluorescence measurement, etc.)
2048
16-bit
P.9
● High sensitivity
● High resolution: 0.3 nm
● Ideal for raman spectrophotometry
P.15
● For NIR (near infrared) band
● Low-noise cooled type available
● C9914GB: Extended IR sensitivity
up to 2.2 m
P.17
+5 V/+12 V
256
6 s to
40000 s
USB 2.0
256
16-bit
5 to 10000
USB 1.1
-
-
256
-
-
-
-
-
256
-
-
-
-
-
Output comparison
m
P.19
● Compact and low price
P.23
-
● For installation into measurement
equipment
P.23
-
● Tumb size
● Slit input
P.21
Measurable optical power entering optical fiber
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
1
10
C10083CA
(Slit width 70
C10082CA
(Slit width 70
C10083CAH
(Slit width 10
C10082CAH
(Slit width 10
C10083MD
C10082MD
100
Relative sensitivity*
● Extended IR sensitivity up to 2.55
(P.32)
10-1
-2
10
-3
10
m, NA 0.22)
m, NA 0.22)
m, NA 0.11)
-5
C10082MD (CMOS type)
m, NA 0.11)
* A/D count when constant light level
enters optical fiber. (Fiber core diameter:
600 m, assuming no attenuation in
optical fiber)
10-4
C10082CA (CCD type)
10-14
10-12
10-10
10-8
10-6
Light power * (W)
* Fiber core diameter: 600 m, assuming
no attenuation in optical fiber
10
200
300
400
500
600
700
Wavelength (nm)
800
900
1000
KACCB0133EE
KACCB0146EB
6
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
TG-UV-CCD
2-1. For UV to near IR [TM series]
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C10082CA, C10083CA
High resolution type C10082CAH, C10083CAH
High sensitivity type
These are high sensitivity mini-spectrometers using a back-thinned
CCD image sensor as the detector. Their sensitivity is about two orders of magnitude higher than mini-spectrometers using a CMOS
linear image sensor. This makes these mini-spectrometers ideal for
low-light-level photometry such as fluorescence measurement.
The C10082CAH and C10083CAH are high resolution types that deliver a spectral resolution of 1 nm.
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0161ED
Built-in
CCD image sensor
S10420-1106-01
Features
Application examples
● Built-in back-thinned CCD image sensor:
Sensitivity is about two orders of magnitude higher
than CMOS image sensor types.
● Low-light-level measurement such as fluorescence
measurement
● C10082CAH, C10083CAH: High resolution of 1 nm
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Semiconductor process control
● Evaluation of light source characteristics
● Highly accurate optical characteristics
● Wide spectral response range
● Easy to install into equipment
● Wavelength conversion factor*1 is recorded in internal memory
● Supports external trigger input*2
7
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
*2: Coaxial cable for external trigger is sold separately.
■ Optical characteristics
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
Unit
Parameter
C10082CA
Spectral response range
C10082CAH
C10083CA
1 typ.
8*4 max.
200 to 800
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*3
6 max.
nm
320 to 1000
Wavelength reproducibility*5
Wavelength temperature dependence
Spectral stray light*3 *6
C10083CAH
1*4 typ.
nm
-0.2 to +0.2
nm
-0.04 to +0.04
nm/˚C
-33 max.
dB
-30 max.
*3: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”
*4: λ = 320 to 900 nm
*5: Measured under constant light input conditions
*6: When monochromatic light of the following wavelengths is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±40 nm.
C10082CA, C10082CAH: 500 nm, C10083CA, C10083CAH: 650 nm
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C10082CAH
C10082CA
C10083CA
C10083CAH
Unit
A/D conversion
16
bits
Integration time
10 to 10000
ms
Interface
USB 1.1
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
100 max.
mA
5
V
External power supply
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
C10082CA
Parameter
C10082CAH
Dimensions (W × D × H)
C10083CA
mm
685
g
Back-thinned CCD image sensor (S10420-1106-01)
-
2048
pixels
Number of pixels
Slit*7 (H × V)
Unit
95 × 92 × 76
Weight
Image sensor
C10083CAH
70 × 800
10 × 1000
70 × 800
10 × 1000
m
0.22
0.11
0.22
0.11
-
NA*8
Connector for optical fiber
SMA905D
-
Operating temperature*9
+5 to +40
˚C
Storage temperature*9
-20 to +70
˚C
*7: Entrance slit aperture size
*8: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*9: No condensation
Output comparison
(relative value)
C10082CA
C10082CAH
C10082MD
Spectral resolution
C10083CA (Slit width 70
C10082CA (Slit width 70
C10083CAH (Slit width 10
C10082CAH (Slit width 10
C10083CA
C10083CAH
C10083MD
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
1
10
m, NA 0.22)
m, NA 0.22)
m, NA 0.11)
m, NA 0.11)
95
17 ± 0.2
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
8.0
(2 ×) M3 tap depth 5
(from backside)
-2
10
10-3
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
76
-4
10
1.0
-5
10
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
92
40 ± 0.2
6.0
17
Spectral resolution (nm)
-1
10
200
31
7.0
100
Relative sensitivity*
Dimensional outline (unit: mm,
tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
0.0
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Wavelength (nm)
Wavelength (nm)
Weight: 685 g
KACCB0169EC
* A/D count when constant light level enters
optical fiber.
(Fiber core diameter: 600 m, assuming
no attenuation in optical fiber)
KACCA0188EE
KACCB0168EC
Note: C10082CA/C10083CA series can change the spectral resolution by selecting
the slit width and optical NA. Refer to page 30 for details of product lineup.
8
TG-UV-CCD
2-2. For UV to near IR [TM series]
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C10082MD, C10083MD
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
The C10082MD and C10083MD mini-spectrometers employ a
CMOS linear image sensor as the detector. These are well suited
for spectrophotometry at relatively high light levels such as absorbance measurement and light source spectrum evaluation.
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0162ED
Built-in
CMOS linear image sensor
S8378-1024Q
Features
Application examples
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Light source spectrum measurement
● Highly accurate optical characteristics
● Sunlight or illumination analysis
● No external power supply required:
Uses USB bus power
● Absorbance measurement
● Wide spectral response range
● Compact design for easy assembly
● Wavelength conversion factor *1 is recorded in internal memory
● Supports external trigger input *2
9
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
*2: Coaxial cable for external trigger is sold separately.
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10082MD
C10083MD
200 to 800
320 to 1000
Parameter
Unit
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*3
Wavelength
6 max.
reproducibility*4
Wavelength temperature dependence
Spectral stray light*3 *5
nm
8 max.
nm
-0.2 to +0.2
nm
-0.04 to +0.04
nm/˚C
-35 max.
-33 max.
dB
*3: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”
*4: Measured under constant light input conditions
*5: When monochromatic light of the following wavelengths is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±40 nm.
C10082MD: 500 nm, C10083MD: 650 nm
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
Unit
C10083MD
C10082MD
A/D conversion
16
bits
Integration time
5 to 10000
ms
Interface
USB 1.1
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
100 max.
mA
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
C10082MD
C10083MD
Dimensions (W × D × H)
Weight
Image sensor
94 × 90 × 55
mm
470
g
CMOS linear image sensor (S8378-1024Q)
-
Number of pixels
Slit*6 (H x V)
NA*7
Connector for optical fiber
Operating temperature*
Unit
8
Storage temperature*8
1024
pixels
70 × 800
m
0.22
-
SMA905D
-
+5 to +40
˚C
-20 to +70
˚C
*6: Entrance slit aperture size
*7: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*8: No condensation
Measurable optical power entering optical fiber
Dimensional outline (unit: mm,
tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
94
17 ± 0.2
C10082CA (CCD type)
30.5
(2 ×) M3 tap depth 5
(from backside)
10-10
10-8
10-6
15.5
10-12
Light power * (W)
* Fiber core diameter: 600 m, assuming
no attenuation in optical fiber
KACCB0146EB
55
10-14
90
40 ± 0.2
C10082MD (CMOS type)
Weight: 470 g
KACCA0171ED
10
TG-UV-CCD
2-3. For visible to near IR [TM series]
Trigger-compatible
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C11697MA
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
The C11697MA is a mini-spectrometer with a newly developed
CMOS image sensor with amp array mounted on the optical system platform of the previous type C10083MD. The trigger function accepts even short-time integration so emission spectra
from pulsed light can be measured. The significantly reduced
readout time makes the C11697MA suitable for the testing of
LED, etc. on production lines.
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0227EB
Built-in CMOS image sensor
with amp array
Features
Application examples
● Trigger function included (reter to page 34 for details)
● Quality check on LED test line
● High sensitivity
(compared with the previous CMOS image sensor type)
● Measurement of pulsed light emission
● High-speed readout (2 ms approx.)
● Simultaneous charge integration type
● Wavelength conversion factor*1 is recorded in internal memory.
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
11
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II
Parameter
Unit
C11697MA
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*2
Wavelength
reproducibility*3
Wavelength temperature dependence
Spectral stray light*2 *4
320 to 1000
nm
8 max.
nm
-0.2 to +0.2
nm
-0.04 to +0.04
nm/˚C
-33 max.
dB
*2: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”.
*3: Measured under constant light input conditions
*4: When monochromatic light of 650 nm is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count
measured in a region of the input wavelength ±40 nm.
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C11697MA
Unit
A/D conversion
16
bits
Integration time
4 to 100000
s
Interface
USB 2.0
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
250 max.
mA
C11697MA
Unit
94 × 90 × 55
mm
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
Dimensions (W × D × H)
Weight
Image sensor
470
g
CMOS image sensor with amp array
-
Number of pixels
Slit (H × V)*5
NA*6
Connector for optical fiber
Operating temperature*
7
Storage temperature*7
1024
pixels
70 × 800
m
0.22
-
SMA905D
-
+5 to +40
˚C
-20 to +70
˚C
*5: Entrance slit aperture size
*6: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*7: No condensation
Trigger function
Sensor operation (charge integration) starts with a trigger signal and digital data is acquired*8.
Dimensional outline (unit: mm,
tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
94
17 ± 0.2
30.5
40 ± 0.2
This mode starts sensor operation (integration) at the edge
(rising or falling edge selectable) of an external trigger input to
the external trigger terminal, and acquires digital data.
15.5
Trigger input
(at falling edge)
90
(2 ×) M3 tap depth 5
(from backside)
Data measurement at external trigger input (synchronous)
Measurement period
Charge integration
55
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
KACCC0569EA
*8: An example of trigger function. See page 34 for details.
Weight: 470 g
KACCA0171ED
12
TG-UV-CCD
2-4. For UV or near IR [TG series]
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C9404CA, C9405CB
High resolution type C9404CAH
High sensitivity type
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
These are high sensitivity mini-spectrometers using a back-thinned CCD image sensor as the detector. The C9404CA is designed
exclusively for photometry in the UV region (spectral response
range 200 to 400 nm), while C9405CB has a spectral response
range from 500 to 1100 nm. The C9404CAH is a high resolution
type that delivers high spectral resolution down to 1 nm.
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0163ED
Built-in CCD image sensor
Built-in CCD image sensor
S10420-1006-01
S11510-1006
Features
Application examples
● Built-in back-thinned CCD image sensor:
Sensitivity is about two orders of magnitude higher
than CMOS image sensor types.
(C9404CA, C9404CAH)
C9404CA, C9404CAH (TG-UV-CCD)
● Low-light-level measurement such as fluorescence measurement
● Spectrum evaluation of UV light sources
● Enhanced near infrared sensitivity (C9405CB)
● C9404CAH: High resolution of 1 nm
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Highly accurate optical characteristics
13
C9405CB (TG-SWNIR-CCD-II)
● Detection of saccharic acids in foods
● Wavelength conversion factor *1 is recorded in internal memory
● Plastic sorting
● Supports external trigger input *2
● Film thickness meter
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
*2: Coaxial cable for external trigger is sold separately.
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TG-UV-CCD
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II
Parameter
Unit
C9404CA
C9405CB
C9404CAH
Spectral response range
500 to 1100
200 to 400
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*3
3 max.
1 typ.
Wavelength reproducibility*4
-0.1 to +0.1
Wavelength temperature dependence
nm
5 max.
[550 to 900 nm]
nm
-0.2 to +0.2
nm
-0.02 to +0.02
nm/˚C
-35 max.
dB
Spectral stray light*3 *5
*3: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”
*4: Measured under constant light input conditions
*5: When monochromatic light of the following wavelengths is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±20 nm (C9404CA, C9404CAH) or ±40 nm (C9405CB).
C9404CA, C9404CAH: 300 nm, C9405CB: 800 nm
Note) The C9405CB generates high-order light due to the structure, because the following condition is met:
Upper limit of spectral response range
>2
Lower limit of spectral response range
.
To eliminate this high-order light, use a long-pass filter with the C9405CB as needed.
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C9404CAH
C9404CA
C9405CB
Unit
A/D conversion
16
bits
Integration time
10 to 10000
ms
Interface
USB 1.1
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
150 max.
mA
5
V
External power supply
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
C9404CA
Parameter
Weight
Unit
mm
670
g
IR-enhanced back-thinned
CCD image sensor
(S11510-1006)
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
(S10420-1006-01)
Image sensor
Number of pixels
Slit*6
C9405CB
C9404CAH
125.7 × 115.7 × 75
Dimensions (W × D × H)
pixels
1024
(H × V)
140 × 500
10 × 1000
NA*7
0.11
Connector for optical fiber
Operating temperature*
m
0.22
-
SMA905D
-
+5 to +40
˚C
-20 to +70
˚C
8
Storage temperature*8
70 × 800
*6: Entrance slit aperture size
*7: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*8: No condensation
Resolution
Dimensional outline (unit: mm,
tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
0
10
125.7
7
35
C9405CB
500 to 1100 nm
6
10-2
-3
10
200 300 400 500 600 700
800 900 1000 1100
3
2
C9404CA
(Slit width 140 m, NA 0.11)
1
C9404CAH
(Slit width 10 m, NA 0.11)
0
200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Wavelength (nm)
Wavelength (nm)
* A/D count when constant light level enters
optical fiber.
(Fiber core diameter: 600 m, assuming
no attenuation in optical fiber)
4
45 ± 0.2
C9404CAH
200 to 400 nm
(2 ×) M3 tap depth 5
(from backside)
C9405CB
(Slit width 70 m, NA 0.22)
20
-1
10
5
75.0
Spectral resolution (nm)
Relative sensitivity
C9404CA
200 to 400 nm
20 ± 0.2
115.7
Output comparison
Weight: 670 g
KACCB0292EA
KACCB0291EA
KACCA0202EC
14
TG-UV-CCD
2-5. High resolution type [TG series]
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C11713CA, C11714CA
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
These mini-spectrometers incorporate a back-thinned CCD image
sensor with improved etaloning characteristics which we have developed using our unique sensor technology, and are able to make
stable measurement with high efficiency. The C11713CA has sensitivity in a wavelength range of 500 to 600 nm, while the C11714CA
covers a range of 790 to 920 nm. Both types offer a spectral resolution of 0.3 nm.
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0228EB
Built-in CCD image sensor
Built-in CCD image sensor
S10420-1106-01
S10420-1006-01
Features
Application examples
● High accuracy optical characteristics: spectral resolution 0.3 nm
● Raman spectrophotometry
● Integrated with back-thinned type CCD image sensor
with improved etaloning characteristics
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Easy to install into equipment due to compact design
● Wavelength conversion factor is recorded in internal memory *1
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
15
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TG-RAMAN-I
TG-RAMAN-II
C11713CA
C11714CA
Parameter
Unit
500 to 600
Spectral response range
790 to 920
nm
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*2
0.3 typ., 0.5 max.
nm
Wavelength reproducibility*3
-0.1 to +0.1
nm
-0.04 to +0.04
nm/˚C
-30 max.
dB
Wavelength temperature dependence
Spectral stray light*2 *4
*2: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”.
*3: Measured under constant light input conditions
*4: When monocharomatic light of the following wavelengths is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±10 nm
C11713CA: 550 nm, C11714CA: 860 nm
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C11713CA
Unit
C11714CA
A/D conversion
16
bits
Integration time
10 to 10000
ms
Interface
USB 1.1
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
150 max.
mA
5
V
0.8 max.
A
External power supply
Consumption current of external power supply
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
C11714CA
C11713CA
Dimensions (W × D × H)
120 × 70 × 60
mm
592
g
Weight
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
(S10420-1106-01)
Image sensor
Back-thinned CCD image sensor
(S10420-1006-01)
-
1024
pixels
2048
Number of pixels
Slit*5 (H × V)
NA*6
Connector for optical fiber
Operating temperature*
Unit
7
Storage temperature*7
10 × 1000
m
0.11
-
SMA905D
-
+5 to +40
˚C
-20 to +70
˚C
*5: Entrance slit aperture size
*6: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*7: No condensation
Dimensional outline (unit: mm,
unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
C11713CA
C11714CA
120.0
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
0.2
0.1
0
450
500
550
600
650
Wavelength (nm)
50.0 ± 0.2
(4 ×) M3.0 tap
depth 5
(from backside)
0.3
0.2
60.0
0.3
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
0.4
Spectral resolution (nm)
Spectral resolution (nm)
0.4
110.0 ± 0.2
70.0
Dark output vs. temperature
0.1
0
750
Weight: 592 g
800
850
900
950
KACCA0281EA
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0224EA
KACCB0226EA
16
TG-UV-CCD
2-6. For near IR [TG series]
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C9406GC, C9913GC, C9914GB
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
These mini-spectrometers use an InGaAs linear image sensor
designed for near infrared detection. Their spectral response
range is from 0.9 to 1.7 m or from 1.1 to 2.2 m. TE-cooled and
low noise types are also provided.
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0165ED
C9406GC
C9914GB
Built-in InGaAs linear
image sensor
Built-in TE-cooled type
InGaAs linear image sensor
G9204-512D
G9204-512S
Application examples
Features
● Built-in near infrared InGaAs linear image sensor
C9406GC (TG-NIR)
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Water content measurement
● Highly accurate optical characteristics
● Optical communication component testing
● C9406GC: No external power supply required (Uses USB bus power)
(C9913GC, C9914GB: Each requires 5 V and 12 V power supplies)
● Film thickness measurement
● Low noise measurement (C9913GC, C9914GB)
C9913GC (TG-cooled NIR- I), C9914GB (TG-cooled NIR-II)
● Compact design for easy assembly
● Water content measurement
● Wavelength conversion factor * is recorded in internal memory
● Component analysis in food, agriculture fields, etc.
1
● Process control for chemical products
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
17
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TG-NIR
TG-cooled NIR-I
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9406GC
C9913GC
C9914GB
900 to 1700
900 to 1700
1100 to 2200
nm
7 max.
7 max.
8 max.
nm
Parameter
Unit
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*2
Wavelength
reproducibility*3
Wavelength temperature dependence
-0.2 to +0.2
-0.2 to +0.2
-0.4 to +0.4
nm
-0.02 to +0.02
-0.02 to +0.02
-0.04 to +0.04
nm/˚C
Spectral stray light*2 *4
-35 max.
dB
*2: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”.
*3: Measured under constant light input conditions
*4: When monochromatic light of the following wavelengths is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±40 nm.
C9406GC, C9913GC: 1300 nm, C9914GB: 1650 nm
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C9406GC
C9913GC
Unit
C9914GB
16
A/D conversion
bits
5 to 10000
Integration time
ms
5 to 1000
Interface
USB 1.1
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
250 max.
mA
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
C9406GC
38.5 × 106 × 86
Dimensions (W × D × H)
Weight
270
C9914GB
C9913GC
142 × 218 × 80
Number of pixels*5
Slit* (H × V)
6
mm
1700
InGaAs linear image sensor TE-cooled type InGaAs linear
(G9204-512D)
image sensor (G9204-512S)
Image sensor
Unit
1700
g
TE-cooled type InGaAs linear
image sensor
-
512
512
256
pixels
70 × 500
70 × 500
70 × 500
m
NA*7
-
0.22
Connector for optical fiber
SMA905D
Operating temperature*8
Storage temperature*8
-
+5 to +35 (+5 to +30*9)
+5 to +40
˚C
˚C
-20 to +70
Power supply for cooling element
max.*10
-
Power supply for cooling fan
5/1.8
5/2.8
-
V/A
12/0.2
V/A
*5: No defective pixel (at low gain). Defective pixels are those whose electrical and optical characteristics do not meet our specifications.
*6: Entrance slit aperture size
*7: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
*8: No condensation
*9: For controllable cooling temperature
C9406GC
*10: Maximum value in steady state. Note that inrush current flows at start-up.
AC adapter for external power supply is attached (C9913GC, C9914GB).
(4
0
85.6
20.0
1.2
49.7
Built-in
image sensor
of C9914GB
85.6
(Typ.)
1.4
1.0
16.0
41.8
38.5
0.8
68.6
105.5
KACCA0146EC
Weight: 270 g
G9204-512D
(Non-cooled)
0.6
C9913GC, C9914GB
218
142
0.4
COOLED NIR-II (l: 2.2)
Spectrometer
0.2
0
0.8
G9204-512S
(TE-cooled)
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
COOLED NIR-II (l: 2.2)
Spectrometer
80
Photosensitivity (A/W)
(2×) M3 tap depth 5.0
from backside
.0
)
Spectral response of InGaAs linear image sensors
1.8
Wavelength ( m)
2.0
2.2
2.4
Weight: 1.7 kg
KMIRB0060EA
KACCA0158EC
18
TG-UV-CCD
2-7. For near IR (up to 2.55 m) [TG series]
C11118GA
C9404CA, C9404CAH
TG-RAMAN-I
C11713CA
TG-RAMAN-II
C11714CA
TM-UV/VIS-CCD
C10082CA, C10082CAH
TM-UV/VIS-MOS
The C11118GA is a near infrared mini-spectrometer with a
spectral response range extending to 2.55 m.
USB 2.0 is newly employed as the interface.
The C11118GA also allows operation by external trigger.
C10082MD
TM-VIS/NIR-CCD
C10083CA, C10083CAH
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS
C10083MD
TM-VIS/NIR-MOS-II C11697MA
TG-SWNIR-CCD-II C9405CB
TG-NIR
C9406GC
TG-cooled NIR-I
C9913GC
TG-cooled NIR-II
C9914GB
TG-cooled NIR-III
200
400
600
800
C11118GA
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0212EC
Built-in TE-cooled type
InGaAs linear image sensor
G9208-256W
Features
Application examples
● Spectral response range: 0.9 to 2.55 m
● Measurement of C-H group absorption (2.3 m band)
● Compatible with USB 2.0 interface
● Component analysis in food, agriculture fields, etc.
● High throughput due to transmission grating made of quartz
● Highly accurate optical characteristics
● Low noise: cooled type
● Compact design for easy assembly
● Wavelength conversion factor *1 is recorded in internal memory
● Compatible with external trigger *2 (refer to page 34 for details)
19
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
*2: Coaxial cable for external trigger is sold separately.
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
TG-cooled NIR-III
Parameter
Unit
C11118GA
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*3
Wavelength reproducibility*4
Wavelength temperature dependence
Spectral stray light*3 *5
0.9 to 2.55
m
20 max.
nm
-0.8 to +0.8
nm
-0.08 to +0.08
nm/˚C
-30 max.
dB
*3: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit opening listed in the table "■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings".
*4: Measured under constant light input conditions
*5: When monochromatic light of λ=1700 nm is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the
count measured in a region of the input wavelength ±80 nm.
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
A/D conversion
*6
Integration time
C11118GA
Unit
16
bits
6 to 40000
*7
s
Interface
USB 2.0
-
Consumption current of USB bus power
250 max.
mA
*6: Excluding defective pixels
*7: Maximum value in steady state. Note that inrush current flows at start-up.
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
Dimensions (W × D × H)
Weight
Image sensor
C11118GA
Unit
142 × 218 × 80
mm
1.7
kg
TE-cooled type InGaAs linear image sensor (G9208-256W)
-
8
Number of pixels*
Slit*9 (H × V)
NA*10
256
pixels
140 × 500
m
0.22
-
Connector for optical fiber
SMA905D
-
Operating temperature*11
+5 to +35 (+5 to +30*12)
˚C
Storage temperature*11
-20 to +70
˚C
Power supply for cooling element max.*13
5/2.8
V/A
Power supply for cooling fan*13
12/0.2
V/A
*8: Up to 3 discontinuous defective pixels might exist (at low gain). Defective pixels are those whose electrical and optical characteristics do not meet our specifications.
*9: Entrance slit aperture size
*10: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*11: No condensation
*12: Operating temperature capable of cooling control
*13: Maximum value in steady state. Note that inrush current flows at start-up. Connector for external power supply is attached.
Spectral response of InGaAs linear image sensor (G9208-256W)
Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
(Typ.)
1.4
218
142
COOLED NIR-III (l: 2.55)
Spectrometer
1.0
COOLED NIR-III (l: 2.55)
Spectrometer
80
Photo sensitivity (A/W)
1.2
0.8
0.6
Weight: 1.7 kg
0.4
KACCA0258EC
0.2
0
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
Wavelength ( m)
KMIRB0048EA
20
2-8. Ultra-compact type [MS series]
Optical component layout in mini-spectrometer (C10988MA-01)
For installation into measurement equipment
Input
light
Image sensor
Through-hole slit
C10988MA-01, C11708MA
Bump electrode
Glass wiring board
These are thumb-sized, ultra-compact spectrometer heads developed by our advanced MOEMS technology. A CMOS image sensor
integrated with an entrance slit is combined with a grating formed
on a convex lens by nano-imprint. They have a package that is easy
to be mounted on a circuit board, so it can be used like a sensor.
Lens
Diffracted light
Grating made by nano-imprint
KACCC0458EA
Spectrum by grating
CMOS linear image sensor is built-in.
(C10988MA-01)
Slit
CMOS chip
Features
● Thumb size: 27.6 × 13 × 16.8 mm
Application examples
C10988MA-01
● Weight: 9 g
● Color monitoring, for printers and printing machines
● Spectral response range: 340 to 750 nm (C10988MA-01)
640 to 1050 nm (C11708MA)
● Installation into large size display (color control device)
C11708MA
● Spectral resolution: 14 nm (C10988MA-01)
20 nm (C11708MA)
● Fruit brix measurement/cereal taste test
● Installation into mobile measurement equipment
● Component analysis
● Wavelength conversion factor*1 is listed on test result sheet.
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
21
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
MS-VIS-MOS
MS-SWNIR-MOS
C10988MA-01
C11708MA
340 to 750
640 to 1050
nm
14 max.
20 max.
nm
Parameter
Unit
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*2
Wavelength
reproducibility*3
Wavelength temperature dependence
-0.5 to +0.5
nm
-0.05 to +0.05
nm/˚C
-25 max.
dB
Spectral stray light*2 *4
*2: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table "■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings".
*3: Measured under constant light input conditions
*4: When monochromatic light of the following wavelength is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured at the input wavelength ±40 nm.
C10988MA-01: 550 nm, C11708MA: 850 nm
■ Electrical characteristics
C10988MA-01
Parameter
Unit
C11708MA
Supply voltage
Power consumption
Video rate
5
V
30
mW
kHz
0.25 to 200
Output impedance
150*
5
*5: An increase in the current consumption of the video output terminal also increases the chip temperature, which causes the dark current to rise. To
avoid this, connect a buffer amplifier to the video output terminal to minimize the current consumption.
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
C11708MA
C10988MA-01
Parameter
27.6 × 13 × 16.8
mm
9
g
CMOS linear image sensor
-
256
pixels
75 × 750
m
Dimensions (W × D × H)
Weight
Image sensor
Unit
Number of slit
Slit*6 (H × V)
0.22
-
Operating temperature*8
+5 to +40
˚C
Storage temperature*8
-20 to +70
˚C
7
NA*
*6: Entrance slit aperture size
*7: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*8: No condensation
Dimensional outline (unit: mm, tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.2)
Electrical connections with an external circuit
Symbol
Name of pin
I/O
1
CLK
Clock pulse
I
2
GND
Ground
3
NC
4
ST
5
NC
6
7
Description
1.0
5.0
Slit
0.075 × 0.75
1.5
Pin no.
A
Index mark
Sensor scan sync signal
0.51
Make electrical connections to an external circuit using the lead pins.
16.8
GND
No connection
Start pulse
I
Gain
Gain
I
Image sensor: gain setting
EOS
End of scan
O
EOS (end of scan) signal
2.54
Start pulse
No connection
8
NC
9
Vdd
Supply voltage
I
Power supply of image sensor: 5 V
10
Video
Video output
O
Video output signal
13
B
27.6
No connection
Slit position
C11351
2.6
16
13
Note: For information on drive specifications, refer to "Mini-spectrometer
C10988MA-01, C11708MA" datasheet.
Evaluation circuit C11351 (sold separately)
CLK
GND
NC
ST
NC
Gain
EOS
NC
Vdd
Video
The C11351 is a circuit board designed to simply
evaluate characteristics of mini-spectrometer MS
series. By using the C11351 with the MS series (sold
separately) and a USB cable A9160 (AB type; sold
separately), the MS series characteristics can be
evaluated with the dedicated software.
Note: The C11351 comes with a DLL.
However, the DLL function specifications are not
available to users since the C11351 is an evaluation
circuit.
1.0
Weight: 9 g
0.2
29.6
A
B
C10988MA-01 C11708MA
3
2.8
0.75
0.5
KACCA0257EC
22
2-9. Compact, low cost type [RC series]
Optical layout in mini-spectrometer (RC series)
Fiber
For installation into measurement equipment
C11007MA, C11008MA, C11009MA, C11010MA
Slit
These are mini-spectrometers that integrate a reflective grating
and a CMOS linear image sensor into a compact case. Two models
are provided: the C11007MA and C11008MA spectrometer modules with a built-in driver circuit and USB output port, and the
C11009MA and C11010MA OEM model spectrometer heads.
Image sensor
Grating
Glass body
Collimating function
Focusing function
KACCC0348EB
C11010MA
C11009MA
C11007MA
Built-in
CMOS linear image sensor
Built-in
infrared enhanced type
CMOS linear image sensor
S8378-256N
Features
C11007MA, C11008MA (Spectrometer module)
● Integrated driver circuit and spectrometer head
● No external power supply required: Uses USB bus power
● A/D conversion: 16 bits
● Wavelength conversion factor *1 is recorded in internal memory
C11009MA, C11010MA (Spectrometer head)
● For installation into measurement equipment
● Optical system and image sensor are assembled into a compact case
C11009MA: 28 × 28 × 28 mm
C11010MA: 35 × 20 × 28 mm
● Low cost
● Wavelength conversion factor*1 is listed on test result sheet.
23
Application examples
C11007MA, C11009MA
● Installation into measurement equipment
● Chemical measurement
● Visible light source testing
● Color measurement
C11008MA, C11010MA
● Installation into measurement equipment
● Chemical measurement
● Measurement of saccharic in fruits
● Various industrial measurements
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number into a wavelength is recorded in the module.
A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
■ Optical characteristics
RC-VIS-MOS
Parameter
RC-SWNIR-MOS
Unit
C11007MA
C11009MA
C11008MA
C11010MA
(Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head) (Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head)
Spectral response range
Spectral resolution (FWHM)*2
340 to 780
640 to 1050
nm
9 max.
8 max.
nm
Wavelength reproducibility*3
Wavelength temperature dependence
-0.5 to +0.5
nm
-0.05 to +0.05
nm/˚C
-30 max.
dB
Spectral stray light*2 *4
*2: Depends on the slit opening. Values were measured with the slit listed in the table “■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings”.
*3: Measured under constant light input conditions
*4: When monochromatic light of λ=550 nm (C11007MA, C11009MA) or λ=850 nm (C11008MA, C11010MA) is input, spectral stray light is defined as the ratio of the
count measured at the input wavelength, to the count measured at the input wavelength ±40 nm.
■ Electrical characteristics
Parameter
C11007MA
C11009MA
C11008MA
C11010MA
(Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head) (Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head)
Unit
A/D conversion
16
-
16
-
bits
Integration time
5 to 10000
-
5 to 10000
-
ms
USB 1.1
-
USB 1.1
-
-
Interface
■ Structure/Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter
C11009MA
C11008MA
C11010MA
C11007MA
(Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head) (Spectrometer module) (Spectrometer head)
Dimensions (W × D × H)
55 × 100 × 48
28 × 28 × 28
55 × 100 × 48
35 × 28 × 20
mm
180
52
168
45
g
C11009MA
-
C11010MA
-
-
Weight
Built-in head
Image sensor
Unit
CMOS linear image sensor (S8378-256N)
Number of pixels
-
IR-enhanced CMOS linear image sensor
256
Slit*5 (H × V)
pixels
70 × 550
70 × 2500
NA*6
Fiber core diameter
m
0.22
-
600
m
Optical fiber connector
SMA905
-
Operating temperature*7
+5 to +40
˚C
Storage temperature*7
-20 to +70
˚C
*5: Entrance slit aperture size
*6: Numeric aperture (solid angle)
*7: No condensation
Electrical connection with an external circuit (C11009MA, C11010MA)
When connecting to an external circuit, use the flexible printed circuit board coming out of the spectrometer head.
Thickness: 0.3
6 ± 0.5
Pin Terminal
no. name I/O
4 ± 0.5
- No connection
NC
- No connection
GAIN
I Gain setting
NC
- No connection
A.GND
- Analog GND
O EOS (end of scan) signal
A.GND
- Analog GND
10.5 ± 0.2
- Analog GND
ST
- No connection
I Sensor scan start signal
A.GND
- Analog GND
CLK
I Sensor scan sync signal
VIDEO
O Video output signal
SDA
O Thermosensor output signal
A.GND
- Analog GND
SCL
I Thermosensor driver signal
A.GND
- Analog GND
D. GND
- Thermosensor digital GND
+5 V
KACCC0261EB
Description
NC
EOS
Unit: mm
Pin Terminal
no. name I/O
NC
A.GND
Black cover
Description
I Power supply of image sensor: +5 V
VCC
I Thermosensor: +3.3 V
Note:
· Pins 4 to 10 and 12 to 16 are connected to the image sensor.
For information on drive specifications, refer to "CMOS linear image sensor
S8377/S8378 series" datasheet.
· Pins 17 to 20 are connected to the internal thermosensor (DALLAS DC1775R).
24
2. Lineup of mini-spectrometers
Dimensional outlines (unit: mm, tolerance unless otherwise noted: ±0.5)
C11007MA
C11009MA
(4 ×) M2.6 depth 3
C11009MA
10
35
55
VIS
Spectrometer
48
35
45
100
Weight: 180 g
KACCA0240EB
C11009MA
110 ± 5
(2 ×) M2.6 depth 5
28
21
Flexible board
Fiber
14
28
28
10.5 ± 0.2
88 ± 3.5
Weight: 52 g
KACCA0241EB
C11008MA
C11010MA
(4 ×) M2.6 depth 3
C11010MA
55
10
35
SWNIR
Spectrometer
45
48
35
100
Weight: 168 g
KACCA0242EB
C11010MA
110 ± 5
(2 ×) M2.6 depth 5
28
35
Flexible board
Fiber
10
20
88 ± 3.5
10.5 ± 0.2
28
KACCA0243EB
Weight: 45 g
25
3. Structure
Wavelength dispersive spectroscopes are broadly grouped
into monochromator and polychromator types. Monochromators use a grating as the wavelength dispersing element
for separating incident light into a monochromatic spectrum. Polychromators operate on the same principle as
monochromators but are designed to allow simultaneous
detection of multiple spectra. Mini-spectrometers fall under
the polychromator type. In a monochromator, there is usually an exit slit formed on the focal plane of a focusing lens,
while in polychromators, an array type detector (image
sensor) is placed along the focal plane of the focusing lens.
To make mini-spectrometers compact and portable, the focal lengths of the collimating lens and focusing lens are
shorter than monochromators.
[Figure 1] Optical system layout in TG series
Focus lens
Transmission grating
■ Entrance slit
This is an aperture through which light to be measured is
guided inside. The entrance slit restricts the spatial spread
of the measurement light entering the mini-spectrometer.
Since the slit image of the incident light is eventually focused on the image sensor, the slit aperture size is a major
factor in determining the optical system resolution and
throughput. An optical fiber is connected to the entrance slit
of mini-spectrometers.
■ Collimating lens, focusing lens
The light passing through the entrance slit usually spreads
at a certain angle. The collimating lens collimates this
transmitted light and guides it onto the grating. An aperture
(aperture mask) is used along with the collimating lens to
limit the NA (numerical aperture) of the light flux entering
the mini-spectrometer. On the other hand, the focusing lens
forms light passing through the grating onto an image
sensor in order of wavelength.
Image sensor
Collimating lens
■ Grating
Entrance slit
KACCC0256EA
The grating disperses the light guided through the
collimating lens according to its wavelength and lets the
light at each wavelength pass at a different diffraction
angle.
■ Image sensor
The function of each element used in mini-spectrometers is
explained in the right.
The image sensor converts the spectrum of light focused by
the focusing lens into electrical signals, and then outputs
them. Cooled mini-spectrometers incorporate a TE-cooled
image sensor for reducing image sensor noise.
MS series (C10988MA-01) structure
[Figure 2] Optical component layout (C10988MA-01)
Input
light
Image sensor
Through-hole slit
Bump electrode
Glass wiring board
Lens
Diffracted light
Grating made by nano-imprint
KACCC0458EA
■ Structure
Slit
A CMOS image sensor integrated with an entrance slit by deep etching technology is used. The grating is directly formed on the convex
lens by nano-imprint. These MOEMS technologies have made it possible to develop a thumb-sized, ultra-compact spectrometer head.
CMOS chip
SEM image of grating
26
4. Characteristics
However, narrowing the slit width and reducing the NA will
limit the light incident on the mini-spectrometer. The light intensity reaching the image sensor will therefore drop. When,
for example, comparing the C10082CA with the C10082CAH,
the slit width of the C10082CA is 70 m while that of the
C10082CAH is 10 m. This means the amount of light entering the C10082CAH is 1/7 of the C10082CA.
On the other hand, due to differences in the internal NA of
each mini-spectrometer, the amount of light incident on the
sensor in the C10082CAH is 1/4 that of the C10082CA. However, because the resolution of the C10082CAH is 1/4 of the
C10082CA, the A/D count obtained from the C10082CAH will
be 4 times greater than the C10082CA. Taking these facts into
account, when the same amount of light enters the optical
fiber, the A/D count of the C10082CAH will be 1/7 that of the
C10082CA because of differences in the slit width.
4-1 Spectral resolution
■ Definition
The spectral resolution of mini-spectrometers is defined as
FWHM (full width at half maximum). This is the spectral
width at 50 % of the peak power value as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 4 shows examples of spectral resolution measured
with mini-spectrometers.
[Figure 3] Definition of spectral resolution
50%
Relative light level
FWHM
[Figure 5] Spectral resolution vs. wavelength
(typical example when slit width and NA for C10082CA were changed)
(NA 0.11)
50%
3.5
Spectral resolution (nm)
3.0
Wavelength
KACCC0320EA
■ Changing the spectral resolution
The spectral resolution of mini-spectrometers varies depending on the slit width and NA. In the C10082CA, for example,
the slit width is 70 m and the NA is 0.22. If the NA is
changed to 0.11 and the slit width is narrowed, the spectral
resolution changes as shown in Figure 5. This proves that
the spectral resolution can be improved down to 1 nm by
changing operating conditions.
Slit width 70 m
2.5
2.0
Slit width 25 m
1.5
Slit width 10 m
1.0
0.5
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0147EB
[Figure 4] Spectral resolution vs. wavelength (measurement examples)
18
16
C11118GA
C11708MA
Spectral resolution (nm)
14
12
C10988MA-01
10
C11008MA
8
C11007MA
C10083CA
C10083MD
C9914GB
6
C9913GC
C11697MA
4
C10082CA
C9406GC
C9405CB
C10082MD
C9404CA
C10082CAH
2
0
200
C9404CAH
400
C10083CAH
C11714CA
C11713CA
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Wavelength (nm)
27
1600
1800
2000
2400
2600
KACCB0139EG
The C10082CA/C10083CA series mini-spectrometers allow
selecting a combination of NA and slit width from those
shown in Table 1.
Spectral resolution can therefore be changed as appropriate.
[Figure 8] Output characteristics (C10082CA series)
C10082CA-2200
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
9
8
Spectral resolution (nm)
C10082CA-2200
7
6
Relative sensitivity (%)
80
[Figure 6] Spectral resolution vs. wavelength (C10082CA series)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
100
C10082CA-2100
C10082CA
60
C10082CA-2050
40
C10082CA-1050
C10082CA-1025
20
C10082CA-2100
5
C10082CAH
4
0
200
C10082CA
300
400
500
600
700
800
C10082CA-2050
3
C10082CA-1050
Wavelength (nm)
2
KACCB0196EA
1
0
200
C10082CAH
[Figure 9] Output characteristics (C10083CA series)
C10082CA-1025
400
300
500
600
700
800
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
100
C10083CA-2200
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0194EA
C10083CA-2100
[Figure 7] Spectral resolution vs. wavelength (C10083CA series)
(Typ. Ta=25 ˚C)
14
Spectral resolution (nm)
12
C10083CA-2200
10
Relative sensitivity (%)
80
C10083CA
60
C10083CA-2050
C10083CA-1050
40
C10083CA-1025
20
C10083CA-2100
8
C10083CA
C10083CA-2050
C10083CAH
0
300
6
4
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Wavelength (nm)
C10083CA-1050
KACCB0197EA
2
C10083CA-1025
C10083CAH
0
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0195EA
[Table 1] Product lineup (C10082/C10083 series)
Type no.
Spectral response range
200 to 800 nm
Spectral response range
320 to 1000 nm
C10082CA-2200
C10083CA-2200
C10082CA-2100
C10083CA-2100
NA
Slit width
200 m
100 m
0.22
C10082CA
C10083CA
70 m
C10082CA-2050
C10083CA-2050
50 m
C10082CA-1050
C10083CA-1050
C10082CA-1025
C10083CA-1025
C10082CAH
C10083CAH
50 m
0.11
25 m
10 m
28
■ Pixel bandwidth
This section describes the pixel bandwidth of the image
sensor mounted in a mini-spectrometer. Pixel bandwidth is
different from spectral resolution.
The approximate spectral detection bandwidth assigned
per pixel is obtained by dividing the spectral response
range by the number of pixels.
Example: C10082MD (spectral response range: 200 to 800
nm, number of pixels: 1024)
Spectral detection width per pixel = (800 - 200) / 1024
0.6 [nm] ... (1)
The detection wavelength of any given pixel is calculated
from the following equation using the wavelength conversion factor written in the EEPROM in the mini-spectrometer.
This allows obtaining the spectral width assigned to a pixel.
Detection wavelength of any given pixel [nm]
= a0 + a1pix + a2pix2 + a3pix3 + a4pix4 + a5pix5 ... (2)
⋅ Imperfections in the grating
⋅ Surface reflection from lens, detector window, detector
photosensitive surface
■ Definition
There are two methods to measure and define stray light.
One method measures stray light using a long-pass filter
and the other method uses reference light in a narrow spectral range (light output from a line spectra emitted from a
spectral line lamp, etc.).
The long-pass filter method measures stray light using white
light passed through the long-pass filter for constant wavelength. In this case, the stray light is defined as the ratio of
transmittance in the “transmitting” region to transmittance in
the “blocking” region. Stray light (SL) is defined by the following equation. (See Figure 11 for the definitions of Tl and Th.)
SL = 10 × log (Tl / Th) ............ (3)
a0 to a5: Wavelength conversion factor
pix: Image sensor pixel number (from 1 to the last pixel)
HAMAMATSU mini-spectrometers are designed so that the
spectral detection width assigned per pixel in the image
sensor is small relative to the spectral resolution. The output
is divided to multiple pixels when a spectral line is measured with a mini-spectrometer as shown in Figure 10. The
center wavelength of the spectral line can be found by approximating this measurement result with a Gaussian curve.
[Figure 10] Approximating the center wavelength of spectral line
This definition allows measuring the effects of stray light
over a broader spectrum range, so this method is more suited for evaluating actual applications such as fluorescence
measurement. However, be aware that the intensity profile
of white light used as reference light will affect the measurement value.
In the other method using reference light in a narrow spectral range, the stray light (SL) is defined as follows:
SL = 10 × (log IM / IR) ............ (4)
IM : Unnecessary light intensity that was output at wavelengths deviating from
the reference light spectrum
IR : Reference light intensity
Light level
In this definition of stray light, the measurement conditions
are simple and so can easily be evaluated at constant values.
In both methods using a long-pass filter or using a narrow
spectrum, the stray light conditions will differ depending on
the wavelength of the light being measured. The stray light
should therefore be measured on multiple wavelengths.
Data of each pixel
Th
KACCC0335EA
Transmittance
Wavelength
Center wavelength of spectral line
[Figure 11] Definitions of Tl and Th
4-2 Stray light
Tl
29
Stray light is generated if extraneous light enters the detector (image sensor). The following factors often generate
stray light.
⋅ Fluctuating background light
Wavelength
4. Characteristics
[Figure 12] Examples of stray light measurement using spectral lines (C9406GC)
The output charge Q(λ) of an image sensor is converted
into a voltage by the charge-to-voltage converter circuit and
then converted into a digital signal by the A/D converter.
This is finally derived from the mini-spectrometer as an output value I(λ) [counts]. The output value of a mini-spectrometer is expressed by the following equation.
10
10-1
950 nm
1100 nm
1300 nm
1500 nm
Relative output
1650 nm
10-2
I(λ) = ε ⋅ Q(λ) = ε ⋅ k(λ) ⋅ P(λ) ⋅ Texp ............ (6)
10-3
ε : Conversion factor for converting image sensor output charge into a minispectrometer output value (Equals the product of the charge-to-voltage
converter circuit and the A/D converter resolution.)
10-4
Meanwhile, the sensitivity E(λ) [counts / (W ⋅ s)] of a minispectrometer is given by the following equation.
10-5
10-6
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
E(λ) = l(λ) / {P(λ) ⋅ Texp} ............ (7)
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0275EA
Substituting equation (6) into equation (7) becomes:
E(λ) = ε ⋅ k(λ) [counts / (W ⋅ s)] ............ (8)
4-3 Sensitivity
[Table 2] Wavelength dependence of parameters that determine conversion factor
The output charge Q(λ) [C] of an image sensor used in minispectrometers is given by the following equation.
Q(λ) = k(λ) ⋅ P(λ) ⋅ Texp ............ (5)
k(λ) : Conversion factor for converting light intensity incident on a minispectrometer into image sensor output charge. (Equals the product of
the optical system efficiency, diffraction efficiency of grating, and product of the image sensor sensitivities.)
Parameters determining conversion factor
Wavelength dependence
Optical system efficiency
Yes
Diffraction efficiency of grating
Yes
Image sensor sensitivity
Yes
Charge-to-voltage converter circuit constant
No
A/D converter resolution
No
P(λ) : Power of light [W] at each wavelength incident on mini-spectrometer
Texp: Integration time [s]
[Figure 13] Spectral response (relative data)
10 0
C9405CB
C9404CA
C10083CA
10 - 1
C11714CA
Relative sensitivity*
C11713CA
C9404CAH
10 - 2
C9914GB
C10082CA
C10083CAH
C11118GA
C11008MA
C10082CAH
C9406GC
10 - 3
C11697MA
C11007MA
C9913GC
10 - 4
C10083MD
C10082MD
10 - 5
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
Wavelength (nm)
* A/D count when constant light level enters optical fiber.
(Fiber core diameter: 600 m, assuming no attenuation in optical fiber)
KACCB0137EG
30
5. Operation mode
■ Free-run operation (normal operation mode)
When light enters an image sensor, an electrical charge is
generated in each pixel of the image sensor according to
the incident light intensity. This charge accumulates in each
pixel during the integration time and is cleared to zero during readout. This means that the charge must be read out
before accumulating a newly generated charge. In minispectrometers, this cycle of "charge integration" → "charge
readout (A/D conversion)" → "digital data hold" repeats
continuously. Digital data is constantly updated with data
obtained in the last integration time. When a data request is
received from the PC, the mini-spectrometer sends the
most recent data at that point to the PC. Figure 14 shows a
typical free-run operation mode.
[Figure 14] Free-run operation
Clear
Integration
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Operation modes using external trigger input are described
below.
(1) Data hold by trigger input
This operation mode differs from free-run operation in that
data to be held is controlled by trigger input. The minispectrometer internally holds digital data accumulated in
the integration time that begins just after a trigger input
edge (rising or falling edge selectable) is detected. This data
being held is then reset when it is read out from the PC. If
the next trigger is input while the data is still being held,
then that data is updated to new digital data.
For example, when a mini-spectrometer is used to detect
light emitted from a DC mode light source with a shutter installed, then data accumulated in a predetermined integration time can be held by supplying the mini-spectrometer
with a shutter open signal as a trigger input. High repeatability measurements can be made by setting a shutteropen period that is sufficiently longer than the integration
time.
[Figure 16] Data hold responding to trigger input
Digital data
Trigger input
Digital data is constantly updated by data
obtained in the last integration time.
KACCC0378EA
Asynchronous
Charge
integration
Digital data
Data is cleared when
read out from PC.
■ Operation mode during external trigger input
Operation mode in the following mini-spectrometers can be
changed by external trigger input.
KACCC0379EA
(2) Data labeling during trigger input
Using A10670 external trigger coaxial cable (sold separately), connect the mini-spectrometer to a device that outputs
digital signals at 0 to 5 V levels.
This operation mode attaches a label to digital data during
the gate period for external trigger input. When a trigger
(High level or Low level selectable) is input, a label corresponding to data accumulated during trigger input is attached to the digital data. When each digital data is read
out from the PC, that label information is obtained at the
same time.
When acquiring data under different measurement conditions, this mode is suitable for finding which measurement
condition applies to which measurement data. For example,
suppose measurements are made under condition A and
condition B. Condition A uses no trigger input to make
measurement, so there is no labeling. In contrast, condition
B uses a trigger input, so a label is attached to the acquired
data. Labeling the acquired data in this way during trigger
input makes it possible to distinguish between acquired
data measurement conditions.
[Figure 15] Mini-spectrometer connectors (C10082CA)
[Figure 17] Data labeling at trigger input
C9404CA, C9404CAH, C9405CB
C10082CA, C10082CAH, C10082MD
C10083CA, C10083CAH, C10083MD
C11713CA, C11714CA
Note:
· The following mini-spectrometers do not support the external
trigger input function: C9406GC, C9913GC, C9914GB, C11007MA,
C11008MA, C11009MA, C11010MA, C10988MA-01, C11708MA.
· The external trigger input function works with DLL, but
does not function on the supplied evaluation software. If
using an external trigger input, the user software must be
configured to support that function.
Trigger input
Asynchronous
Asynchronous
Charge
integration
Digital data
Labeling data
KACCC0380EB
Power input
connector
Optical connector
Trigger connector
USB connector
KACCC0377EB
31
■ Trigger operation mode (C11118GA, C11697MA)
The C11118GA and C11697MA have trigger operation modes as
shown below. These operation modes can be selected on the
evaluation software that comes with the C11118GA or C11697MA.
[Figure 21] Data measurement at external trigger input (synchronous)
Trigger input
(at falling edge)
Measurement period
Charge integration
(1) Data measurement at software trigger input (asynchronous)
This mode acquires digital data that is first converted after
a software trigger input from a PC.
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
KACCC0569EA
[Figure 18] Data measurement at software trigger input (asynchronous)
Software trigger
(5) Measurement by external trigger input level (asynchronous)
Software trigger
This mode acquires digital data when an external trigger
(high or low level selectable) is input to the external trigger
terminal.
Measurement period
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
[Figure 22] Measurement by external trigger input level (asynchronous)
Digital data
KACCC0503EC
(2) Data measurement at software trigger input (synchronous)
This mode starts sensor operation (integration) after a software trigger input from a PC.
[Figure 19] Data measurement at software trigger input (synchronous)
Software trigger
Trigger input
(at high level input)
Measurement period
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
KACCC0504EB
Software trigger
(6) Measurement by external trigger input level (synchronous)
Measurement period
This mode starts sensor operation (integration) when an external trigger (high or low level selectable) is input to the
external trigger terminal, and acquires digital data.
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
[Figure 23] Measurement by external trigger input level (synchronous)
KACCC0505EB
(3) Data measurement at external trigger input (asynchronous)
This mode acquires digital data that is first converted after
the edge (rising or falling edge selectable) of an external
trigger input to the external trigger terminal.
[Figure 20] Data measurement at external trigger input (asynchronous)
Trigger input
(at low level input)
Measurement period
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
Trigger input
(at falling edge)
KACCC0506EB
Measurement period
In either of the above modes (1) to (6), the input trigger is
ignored if the trigger input interval is shorter than the minispectrometer measurement period.
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
KACCC0508EA
(4) Data measurement at external trigger input (synchronous)
This mode starts sensor operation (integration) at the edge
(rising or falling edge selectable) of an external trigger input to the external trigger terminal, and acquires digital
data.
(7) Trigger signal output
An integration start timing (pulse width: 10 s) can be output
from the external trigger terminal. (trigger output edge: rising or falling edge selectable)
[Figure 24] Trigger signal output
Measurement period
Charge integration
Charge readout
(A/D conversion)
Digital data
Trigger input
(at rising edge)
KACCC0507EC
32
6. Dedicated software
HAMAMATSU mini-spectrometers come with an evaluation
software (CD-ROM).
[Figure 25] Display examples of evaluation software
■ Evaluation software functions
Installing the evaluation software into your PC allows running the following basic tasks.
⋅ Measurement data acquisition and save
⋅ Measurement condition setup
⋅ Module information acquisition (wavelength conversion factor*1, mini-spectrometer type, etc.)
⋅ Graphic display
⋅ Arithmetic functions
[Pixel number to wavelength conversion /
calculation in comparison with reference data (transmittance, reflectance) /
dark subtraction /
Gaussian approximation (peak position and count, FWHM)]
*1: A conversion factor for converting the image sensor pixel number
into a wavelength. A calculation factor for converting the A/D converted count into the input light intensity is not provided.
The evaluation software operates in measurement modes: “Monitor”
mode, “Measure” mode, “Dark” mode and “Reference” mode, etc.
Table 3 shows features in each mode. Data measured in “Measure”
mode, “Dark” mode*2 and “Reference” mode*2 can be saved in csv
format (loaded into Microsoft Excel ®).
The arithmetic functions of the evaluation software are
shown in Table 4, and the calculation limitations during
measurement in Table 5.
[Table 3] Measurement modes of dedicated software
Mode
Description
Feature
Graphically displays “pixel number vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Graphically displays “wavelength vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Graphically displays time-series data at a selected wavelength*3
Monitor mode
Measurement mode for monitoring
without saving it
Cannot save measurement data
Performs dark subtraction
Displays reference data
Cannot set the number of measurement scans (No limit on scan count)
Graphically displays “pixel number vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Graphically displays “wavelength vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Graphically displays time-series data at a selected wavelength*3
Measure mode
Measurement mode for acquiring and saving
data
Saves measurement data
Performs dark subtraction
Displays reference data
Specifies the number of measurement scans
Graphically displays “pixel number vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Measurement mode for acquiring dark data
(used for dark subtraction)
Dark mode*2
Reference mode*2
Measurement mode for acquiring reference
data
Graphically displays “wavelength vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Saves measurement data
Graphically displays “pixel number vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Graphically displays “wavelength vs. A/D output count” data in real time
Saves measurement data
Software trigger, asynchronous measurement
Software trigger, synchronous measurement
Trigger mode*
3
Measurement mode for acquiring data by
trigger signal
External trigger, asynchronous edge
External trigger, asynchronous level
External trigger, synchronous edge
External trigger, synchronous level
Continuous
measurement
mode*3
Continuous data acquisition by batch data
transfer
Graphically displays “pixel number vs. A/D output count” data at completion of data transfer
Graphically displays “wavelength vs. A/D output count” data at completion of data transfer
Saves measurement data
*2: “Dark” mode and “Reference” mode are not provided for the C11118GA, C11697MA and C11351. “Measure” mode has equivalent functions.
*3: Only supported by C11118GA and C11697MA.
33
[Table 4] Arithmetic functions of dedicated software
Function
Feature
Dark subtraction
Measures dark data and subtracts it from measurement data
Reference data measurement and display
Measures reference data and displays it graphically
Gaussian fitting
Fits data in a specified range to Gaussian function
[Table 5] Limitations on dedicated parameter
Parameter
Limitation
4 s to 100 ms*4
C11697MA
6 s to 40 ms*4
C11118GA
5 ms to 1000 ms*4
C9914GB
5 ms to 10000 ms*4
C10082MD, C10083MD, C9406GC, C9913GC, C9914GB, C11007MA, C11008MA, C11351
10 ms to 10000 ms*4
C10082CA, C10082CAH, C10083CA, C10083CAH, C9404CA, C9404CAH, C9405CB, C11713CA, C11714CA
Gain
High/Low
C10082MD, C10083MD, C9406GC, C9913GC, C9914GB, C11007MA, C11008MA, C11118GA
Scan count
Number of scans depends on the memory size and operating environment of your PC. (Not limited during “Monitor” mode)
Integration
time
*4: Specified in 1 s steps
■ Types of evaluation software
The following four types of evaluation software are available. Each type of sample software can only be used for the specified mini-spectrometers.
· For TM/TG series (interface: USB 1.1)
· For TM/TG series (interface: USB 2.0)
· For RC series
· For MS series
[Table 6] Software quick reference table
TM/TG series
Parameter
MS series
(C11351)
RC series
USB 1.1
USB 2.0
Windows XP Professional SP3 (32-bit)
Compatible OS
Windows Vista Business SP2 (32-bit)
Windows 7 Professional SP1 (32-bit)
Windows 7 Professional SP1 (64-bit)
Availability of DLL function specifications to users
Connection and operation of multiple units with one PC
Visual Basic
Supported development environment
Visual C++
■ Interface
HAMAMATSU mini-spectrometers come with a DLL. By using
the DLL in a software development environment such as Microsoft ® Visual C++ ® and Visual Basic ®*5, you can create
your own application software that supports Windows*6.
Because Windows ®-compatible application software cannot directly access a USB host controller, the DLL calls the
necessary functions to allow the software to access the
USB host controller via the device driver and USB driver
and to control the mini-spectrometer. (See Figure 26.) The
DLL provides functions such as USB port open/close, measurement condition setup, measurement data and module
information acquisition.
*5: Operation was verified with Microsoft® VisualStudio® 2008 (SP1)
Visual C++® and Microsoft® Visual Studio® 2008 (SP1) Visual Basic®
on .NET Framework 2.0 and 3.0 (Microsoft® Windows® XP/Vista/7).
*6: The C11351 comes with a DLL. However, the DLL function specifications are not available to users since the C11351 is an evaluation circuit.
[Figure 26] Software configuration example
Supplied CD-ROM
Sample software
Can be configured by users.
Application software
DLL
Function specifications available to users*5
Device driver
USB driver
USB connection
USB host controller
Mini-spectrometer
KACCC0658EA
Note:
· Microsoft, Windows, Visual Stadio, Visual C++ are either registered
trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United
States and/or other countries.
34
7. Measurement examples
[Figure 29] LED light measurement
Line spectra from visible LED were measured with C10082MD
(TM-UV/VIS-MOS).
40000
Orange LED
Red LED
30000
A/D count
Blue LED
20000
10000
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0126EA
[Figure 27] Connection example
[Figure 30] Transmittance measurement
PC
Transmittance of 1 mm thick optical window plate was
measured with C9406GC (TG-NIR).
⋅ Measurement value
USB
cable
UV-VIS fiber light source
(Deuterium lamp and Halogen lamp)
L10290
50000
Reference light
45000
Mini-spectrometer
40000
A/D count
35000
30000
25000
20000
Transmitted light
Fiber
15000
Quarz cell
(For holding liquid sample)
10000
5000
KACCC0288EF
0
900
[Figure 28] Fluorescence measurement
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
Wavelength (nm)
C10083CA (TM-VIS/NIR-CCD) is used to measure
fluorescence of 1000 ppm quinine solution (buffer
solution is dilute sulfuric acid).
KACCB0276EA
⋅ Calculation result
100
2500
90
80
Transmittance (%)
A/D count
2000
1500
1000
70
60
50
40
30
20
500
10
0
300
0
900
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1000
Wavelength (nm)
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0277EA
KACCB0145EA
35
[Figure 31] Line spectrum measurement
[Figure 33] Film thickness measurement
Line spectra from low-pressure mercury lamp were measured with C11714CA (TG-RAMAN- ).
Thickness of 10 m thick food wrapping film (polyvinylidene
chloride) was measured with C9406GC (TG-NIR) by principle of film thickness measurement *1.
60000
40000
50000
30000
A/D count
A/D count
40000
30000
20000
20000
10000
10000
0
750
800
850
900
950
0
0
100
200
Wavelength (nm)
300
400
500
Pixels
KACCB0280EA
*1: Principle of film thickness measurement (white light interferometry)
In film thickness measurement utilizing white light interferometry, an interference spectrum
resulting from reflections between the front and back surfaces of a film is obtained.
The film thickness can then be determined by calculation from the spectral peak count, wavelength range, refractive index of film and incident light angle.
[Figure 32] Reflectance measurement
KACCB0095EB
Spectral reflectance of reflecting mirror was measured with
C9405CB (TG-SWNIR-CCD).
⋅ Measurement value
[Figure 34] White LED and 3-color LED measurements
White LED and 3-color LED were measured with C11007MA
(RC-VIS-MOS).
40000
35000
Reference light
30000
30000
White LED
A/D count
A/D count
25000
20000
Reflected light
10000
3-color LED
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
600
700
800
900
1000
0
340 390 440 490 540 590
1100
Wavelength (nm)
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0278EA
KACCB0100EA
[Figure 35] Raman spectrophotometry
Calculation result
Raman spectrum of naphthalene sample were measured
with C11714CA (TG-RAMAN-II).
100
90
14000
80
70
(Pump laser: 785 nm/60 mW, connection fiber: 200 m core dia., integration time: 5000 ms)
12000
60
10000
50
A/D counts
Reflectance (%)
640 690 740
40
30
20
6000
4000
10
0
600
8000
700
800
900
1000
1100
Wavelength (nm)
2000
0
790800
820
840
860
880
900
920
KACCB0279EA
Wavelength (nm)
KACCB0229EA
36
8. Related products
8-1 Optical fibers for light input A9762-01, A9763-01
As optional accessories for use with mini-spectrometers, HAMAMATSU provides UV-VIS (UV resistant) and VIS-NIR optical fibers (core diameter 600 m). RC series (C11009MA, C11010MA) mini-spectrometers integrate an optical fiber.
[Table 7] Optical fibers for mini-spectrometers
Core diameter
( m)
Specification
UV-VIS optical fiber (UV resistant)
C10082CA, C10082CAH
C10083CA, C10083CAH
C10082MD, C10083MD
C9404CA, C9404CAH
C11007MA, C11697MA
600
NA=0.22
Length 1.5 m, both ends terminated
with SMA905D connector
VIS-NIR optical fiber
C9405CB, C9406GC
C9913GC, C9914GB
C11008MA, C11118GA
C11713CA, C11714CA
600
NA=0.22
Length 1.5 m, both ends terminated
with SMA905D connector
Type no.
A9762-01
Product name
A9763-01
Applicable mini-spectrometer
8-2 Coaxial cable for external trigger A10670
[Figure 36] Dimensional outline (unit: mm)
26.0
LEMO connector
FFA00S250 (made by LEMO)
14.5
6.4
Cable length: 1.5 m
Cable specification: 1.5D-2V
31.7
BNC connector
BNC-P-1.5V-CR (made by DDK)
KACCA0220EA
8-3 Compact UV-VIS S2D2 fiber light source L10671
L10671 is a UV-VIS (ultra-violet to visible) fiber light source using a compact
deuterium lamp (S2D2 lamp). It provides stable light output over a wavelength
range from 200 nm to 1600 nm through an optical fiber light guide (sold separately).
Designed with an emphasis on compactness, portability, and ease of use, L10671 is
ideal for various types of portable instruments.
Features
● Compact: 72 × 40 × 90 mm (1/25 the size of our previous products)
● High stability: Fluctuation 0.004 % p-p Typ. (equivalent to 2 × 10-5 A.U.)
● High output: Uses a high-efficiency compact deuterium lamp.
Note: Light guide is sold separately.
8-4 High power UV-VIS fiber light source L10290
L10290 emits light from 200 nm to 1600 nm through an optical fiber light guide
(sold separately). Using a "high-brightness deuterium lamp", L10290 produces
high radiant intensity, which is twice that of its predecessor light source (30 W
deuterium lamp light source).
Features
● High output: Twice intensity (compared to conventional type)
● High stability: Fluctuation 0.004 % p-p Typ. (equivalent to 2 × 10-5 A.U.)
● Long life lamp: 2000 hours
Note: Light guide is sold separately.
8-5 Compact 5 W xenon flash lamp module L9455-11/-12/-13,
L11035-11/-12/-13 (SMA fiber adapter type)
L9455 series and L11035 series are xenon flash lamp modules that integrate a 5 W
xenon flash lamp, a trigger socket, and a power supply into a compact case. These
flash lamp modules generate less heat and offer easy use.
Fiber adapter type simply connects to an SMA light guide (sold separately) and
emits a spectrum of light from 200 nm to 1600 nm through the fiber end. This
makes it suitable for use in various types of analytical equipment.
Features
● Compact: 98 × 35 × 44 mm (L9455 series), 120 × 35 × 44 mm (L11035 series)
● Long service life: 1.0 × 109 flash (about 28000 hours of lighting at 10 Hz)
● Repetition rate: 530 Hz Max.
37
Note: Light guide is sold separately.
8-6 2 W xenon flash lamp module L12336 series
This module is the world’s smallest in its wattage class by integrating the circuit
efficiently, and battery operation type is also available.
It is ideal light source for small analytical instrument such as environmental
analysis and medical inspection. Also, it will be installed in the portable analytical
instrument such as highly precise environmental monitoring and POCT, which are
expected to be developed in the future.
Features
● High stability: 0.5 % CV typ. Long life: 1 × 109 flashes
● Repetition rate: 1250 Hz Max.
● Broad radiant spectrum: Ultraviolet to near infrared range
Note: SMA fiber is optional (sold separately).
38
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Please access our web site to check various information about our latest product
catalogues, news, technology introduction and corporate outline.
Some of the new/developmental products in this catalogue may not be available on
our web site. Please consult your local sales office for more information.
Copies of the full warranty can be obtained prior to the purchase of products by contacting your local Hamamatsu sales office.
Hamamatsu makes no other warranties, and any and all implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose,
are hereby disclaimed. The customer is responsible for use of the product in accordance with Hamamatsu's instructions and
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rules should be followed when incorporating these products into devices that could potentially cause bodily injury.
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which is defective in workmanship or materials used in manufacture. All warranty claims must be made within 1 year from the
date of purchase or provision of the products or services.
Products that are amenable to repair shall be done so either under warranty or pursuant to a separate repair agreement. Some
products cannot be repaired either because of the nature or age of the product, the unavailability of spare parts, or the extent of
the damage is too great. Please contact your local Hamamatsu office for more details.
The products described in this catalogue should be used by persons who are accustomed to the properties of photoelectronics
devices, and have expertise in handling and operating them. They should not be used by persons who are not experienced or
trained in the necessary precautions surrounding their use.
The information in this catalogue is subject to change without prior notice.
Information furnished by Hamamatsu is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies
or omissions.
No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein.
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Solid State Division
1126-1, Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, 435-8558, Japan
Telephone: (81)53-434-3311, Fax: (81)53-434-5184
www.hamamatsu.com
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Information in this catalogue is
believed to be reliable. However,
no responsibility is assumed for
possible inaccuracies or omissions.
Specifications are subject to
change without notice. No patent
rights are granted to any of the
circuits described herein.
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E-mail: [email protected]
Poland Office:
02-525 Warsaw,
8 St. A. Boboli Str., Poland
Telephone: (48)22-646-0016, Fax: (48)22-646-0018
E-mail: [email protected]
North Europe and CIS:
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS NORDEN AB
Main Office
Thorshamnsgatan 35 16440 Kista, Sweden
Telephone: (46)8-509-031-00, Fax: (46)8-509-031-01
E-mail: [email protected]
Russian Office:
Vyatskaya St. 27, bld. 15
Kosmodamianskaya nab. 52/1, 14th floor
RU-127015 Moscow, Russia
Telephone: (7) 495 258 85 18, Fax: (7) 495 258 85 19
E-mail: [email protected]
Italy:
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS ITALIA S.R.L.
Strada della Moia, 1 int. 6
20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy
Telephone: (39)02-935 81 733
Fax: (39)02-935 81 741
E-mail: [email protected]
Rome Office:
Viale Cesare Pavese, 435
00144 Roma, Italy
Telephone: (39)06-50513454, Fax: (39)06-50513460
E-mail: [email protected]
Taiwan:
HAKUTO TAIWAN LTD.
6F, No.308, Pa teh Road, Sec, 2,
Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C.
Telephone: (886)2-8772-8910
Fax: (886)2-8772-8918
KORYO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
9F-7, No.79, Hsin Tai Wu Road
Sec.1, Hsi-Chih, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Telephone: (886)2-2698-1143, Fax: (886)2-2698-1147
Republic of Korea:
SANGKI CORPORATION
Suite 431, World Vision BLDG.
24-2 Yoido-Dong
Youngdeungpo-Ku
Seoul, 150-877
Telephone: (82)2-780-8515
Fax: (82)2-784-6062
Singapore:
HAKUTO SINGAPORE PTE LTD.
Block 2, Kaki Bukit Avenue 1, #04-01 to #04-04
Kaki Bukit Industrial Estate, Singapore 417938
Telephone: (65)67458910, Fax: (65)67418200
Germany, Denmark, Netherlands, Poland:
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS DEUTSCHLAND GmbH
Arzbergerstr. 10,
D-82211 Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany
Telephone: (49)8152-375-0, Fax: (49)8152-265-8
E-mail: [email protected]
© 2013 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Quality, technology, and service
are part of every product.
Cat. No. KACC0002E07
Mar. 2013 DN
Printed in Japan (2,500)