Revised November 2006 MS2100 2-Axis Magnetic Sensor Specifications General Description The MS2100 is an ultra small, integrated surface mount technology (SMT) module designed for 2-axis magnetic field sensing. The MS2100 combines PNI Corporation’s patented MagnetoInductive (MI) sensors and measurement circuit technology into a surface mount package for unparalleled performance. The MI sensors change inductance by 100% over its field measurement range. This variable inductance property is used in the cost and space efficient MS2100, which incorporates a patented temperature, and noise stabilized oscillator/ counter circuit with a SPI interface. The microprocessor compatible SPI interface allows easy access to the MS2100’s measurement parameters and resulting field measurement data. The module also includes pins to support the connection of a third MI sensor axis for higher performance applications. Advantages include 3V operation for compatibility with new systems, low power consumption, small surface mount packaging, large signal noise immunity under all conditions, and a large dynamic range. Resolution and field measurement range are software configurable for a variety of applications. The measurement is very stable over temperature and inherently free from offset drift. These advantages make PNI Corporation' s MS2100 the choice for high volume applications where small size and low power requirements are paramount. Features Low power: draws < 1 mA at 3VDC Size: 7 x 7 x 1.35 mm Large dynamic range: ± 1100 µT (± 11 Gauss) High resolution field measurement: 0.060 µT at 2048 period Operation: 3.0 VDC Surface mount package: 20 pads (QFN) Fully digital interface: SPI protocol at 3 V Optional Carrier Board available for easy prototyping and evaluation RoHS Compliant Applications Handheld battery-powered devices with built-in compass feature where space is at a premium High-performance magnetic field sensing High-performance solid state navigation equipment for automotive, marine, and aeronautic applications Direction-finding features for any device with bearing or attitude indicators Ordering Information Name Part # MOQ Package RoHS Compliant MS2100 11896 384 Tray Yes MS2100 on Carrier Board 11900 1 Each Yes Table 1 PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA Phone: (707) 566-2260, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com This page left intentionally blank PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -2- MS2100 Specifications SPECIFICATIONS CAUTION: Stresses beyond those listed under Table 2 may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Table 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Maximum VDD DC supply voltage 5.25 VDC VIN Input pin voltage VDD+ 0.3 VDC IIN Input pin current 10 mA at 25 ºC TSTRG Storage temperature -40 to 125 ºC Table 3: MS2100 General Characteristics at 2048 Parameter Current (3 VDC) Minimum a Peak Current Maximum Typical 1.0 mA RMS 0.7 mA RMS 5.0 mA pp b Field measurement range (3 VDC) c Gain (3 VDC) ± 1100 µT 14 counts/µT Linearity (Error from best fit straight line at ±200 µT) 24 counts/µT 19 count/µT 3% 0.5% Resolution (in µT) 0.055 Sensor Frequency (3 VDC) Within free Earth’s magnetic field approx. 300 kHz Operating Temperature -20ºC 70ºC Storage Temperature -40º 125 ºC a. b. c. At period select 2048 and 8Hz sample rate Field measurement range is defined as the monotonic region of the output characteristic curve. Gain is defined as the change in the number of counts from the MS2100, when the period select is set to 2048, per change in the magnetic field in uT. For situations requiring less gain and more field measurement range, the gain and resolution can be decreased by a factor of 2 by setting the MS2100 period select to 1024. In practical magnetometer applications, a sensor gain calibration is normally performed when the sensor module is in the host system. PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -3- MS2100 Specifications Table 4: MS2100 Continuous Sampling (3 V) at 8 Hz Period Select Ratio Gain (Counts/µT) Resolution (µT) Typical Operating Current (mA RMS) 0 /32 0.2969 3.3681 0.01 1 /64 0.5938 1.6841 0.02 2 /128 1.1875 0.8421 0.05 3 /256 2.3750 0.4211 0.09 4 /512 4.7500 0.2105 0.17 5 /1024 9.500 0.1053 0.35 6 /2048 19 0.0526 0.70 7 /4096 38 0.0263 1.40 PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -4- MS2100 Specifications Typical Operating Characteristics: MS2100 (3 VDC) Figure 1: Typical Sensor Characteristic (± 300 µT, PS=2048) 6000 Output Counts(PS=2048) 4000 2000 0 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 -2000 -4000 -6000 Magnetic Field(uT) PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -5- MS2100 Host Processor Interface Host Processor Interface All accesses to and from the MS2100 are through a hardware handshaking, synchronous serial interface that adheres to the Motorola SPI protocol. The interface consists of six signals; SCLK, MOSI, MISO, SSNOT, RESET, and DRDY. Table 5: MS2100 Pad Descriptions Pad MS2100 Name Function 1 COMP Comparator output. Used for diagnostics. 2 RESET Reset input 3 REXT External timing resistor for higher speed clock 4 DRDY Data ready 5 DHST High speed oscillator output. Output is 1/2 clock speed. Used for diagnostics. 6 REXT_GND Connect the pin to ground. 7 APZDRV Optional Z sensor drive output (+) 8 APZIN Optional Z sensor drive output (+) 9 ANZIN Optional Z sensor drive output (–) 10 ANZDRV Optional Z sensor drive output (–) 11 SSNOT Active low chip select for SPI port 12 MOSI Master Out, Slave In for the module SPI port 13 N.C Not connected 14 MISO Master In, Slave Out for the module SPI port 15 SCLK Serial clock input for SPI port. 1 MHz maximum. 16 VDD Supply Voltage (digital) 17 VDD Supply Voltage (analog) 18 VSTBY Input protection clamp diode common 19 VSS Ground (analog) 20 VSS Ground (digital) PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -6- MS2100 Host Processor Interface SPI Port Line Descriptions MOSI – Master Out Slave In The data sent to the MS2100. Data is transferred most significant bit first. The MOSI line will accept data once the SPI is enabled by taking SSNOT low. Valid data must be presented at least 100 nS before the rising edge of the clock, and remain valid for 100 nS after the edge. New data may be presented to the MOSI pin on the falling edge of SCLK. SSNOT – Slave Select Line Selects the MS2100 as the operating slave device. The SSNOT line must be low prior to data transfer and must stay low during the entire transfer. Once the command byte is received by the MS2100, and the MS2100 begins to execute the command, the SSNOT line can be deselected until the next SPI transfer. SCLK – Serial Clock Used to synchronize both the data in and out through the MISO and MOSI lines. SCLK is generated by a master device. SCLK should be 1 MHz or less. The MS2100 is configured to run as a slave device, making it an input. One byte of data is exchanged over eight clock cycles. Data is captured by the master device on the rising edge of SCLK. Data is shifted out and presented to the MS2100 on the MOSI pin on the falling edge of SCLK. MISO – Master In Slave Out The data sent from the MS2100 to the master. Data is transferred most significant bit first. The MISO line is placed in a high impedance state if the slave is not selected (SSNOT = 1). PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -7- MS2100 Host Processor Interface Hardware Handshaking Line Descriptions RESET RESET is usually low. RESET must be toggled from low-high-low. DRDY - Data Ready DRDY is low after a RESET; after a command has been received and the data is ready, DRDY will be high. It is recommended that the DRDY line always be used to ensure that the data is clocked out of the MS2100 only when it is available. If it is determined that the DRDY line cannot be used due to lack of I/O lines to the host processor, then the times listed in Table 6 can be used to set open-loop wait times. The values listed are the maximum delays from the end of the SCLK command until the rise of the DRDY at each period select setting. The maximum delay occurs when the sensor being sampled is in a zero field. Table 6: Typical Delay for DRDY a Period Select Typical Delay /32 213 µs /64 427 µs /128 853 µs /256 1.71 ms /512 3.41 ms /1024 6.83 ms /2048 13.7 ms /4096 27.3 ms a. Calculated from (1/sensor frequency x (period select) x 2 [Forward & reverse measurement] PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -8- MS2100 Host Processor Interface OPERATION Basic operation will follow these steps. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. SSNOT is brought low. Pulse RESET high (return to low state). You must RESET the MS2100 before every measurement. Data is clocked in on the MOSI line. Once eight bits are read in, the MS2100 will execute the command. The MS2100 will make the measurement. A measurement consists of forward biasing the sensor and making period count; then reverse biasing the sensor and counting again; and finally, taking the difference between the two bias directions. At the end of the measurement, the DRDY line is set to high indicating that the data is ready. In response to the next 16 SCLK pulses, data is shifted out on the MISO line. If you need to make another measurement, go to Step 2. You can send another command after the reset. In this case, keep SSNOT low. If you will not be using the MS2100, set SSNOT to high to disable the SPI port. Figure 2: SPI Port Full Timing Sequence (cpol=0) Figure 3: SPI Port Timing Parameters (cpol = 0) PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com -9- MS2100 Host Processor Interface SPI Port Usage Tips A SPI port can be implemented using different clock polarity options. The clock polarity used with the MS2100 must be normally low, (cpol = 0). Figure 3 graphically shows the timing sequence (cpol = 0). Data is always considered valid while the SCLK is high (tDASH = Time, Data After SCLK High). When SCLK is low, the data is in transition (tDBSH = Time, Data Before SCLK High). When implementing a SPI port, whether it is a dedicated hardware peripheral port, or a software implemented port using general purpose I/O (also known as Bit-Banging) the timing parameters given in Figure 3 must be met to ensure reliable communications. The clock set-up and hold times, tDBSH and tDASH must be greater than 100 nS. Idle Mode The MS2100 does not initialize in the idle mode at power-up. The MS2100 must be in a dataready state for the idle mode to occur. After power-up the MS2100 can be brought to the dataready state by following these steps for sending a read command to the MS2100. 1. 2. 3. 4. Set SSNOT low. Pulse the RESET line. Send a command to the MS2100 to measure one of the sensors. Once the SSNOT pin is set to high again the MS2100 will go into the low power idle mode. 5. The DRDY pin will eventually go high signifying that the MS2100 is in the data-ready state. The resultant data does not have to be read from the MS2100. Magnetic Measurements The MS2100 magnetic sensor operates as an oscillator circuit composed of the internal sensors, bias resistors, digital gates and a comparator. Only one sensor can be measured at a time. The user sends a command byte to the MS2100 through the SPI port specifying the sensor axis to be measured. After dividing by the ratio set by PS2-PS0, the MS2100 will return the result of a complete forward - reverse measurement of the sensor in a 16-bit 2’s complement format (Range: -32768 to 32767) PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 10 - MS2100 Host Processor Interface Command Byte The operation of the MS2100 is controlled by the data received into the SPI port. The command byte syntax is as follows: Table 7: Command Byte Syntax Position 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit DHST PS2 PS1 PS0 ODIR MOT ASI ASO RESET 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DHST – High Speed Oscillator Test When high, the internal high speed clock is set to drive the DHST pad at ½ the clock speed. When low, the DHST pad is set to DVDD. This is used for debug purposes only, and will not be set in normal operation. PS0, PS1, and PS2 – Period Select Selects the division ratio applied to the L/R oscillator output to set the period being measured. Table 8: Period Select Division Ration PS2 PS1 PS0 Ratio 0 0 0 /32 0 0 1 /64 0 1 0 /128 0 1 1 /256 1 0 0 /512 1 0 1 /1024 1 1 0 /2048 1 1 1 /4096 ODIR – Oscillator Direction Determines the magnetic oscillator direction if MOT is set to 1. It has no effect on direction when the MOT bit is set to zero. This is used for debug purposes only, and will not be set in normal operation. MOT – Magnetic Oscillator Test When set, causes the magnetic oscillator selected by AS0 and AS1 in the directions selected by ODIR to run continuously until MS2100 is reset. PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 11 - MS2100 Host Processor Interface ASO And AS1 – Axis Select Determines which axis is being measured. Table 9: Axis Select Function AS1 AS0 X axis 0 1 Y axis 1 0 PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 12 - MS2100 Host Processor Interface Reference Block Diagram MS2100 & Carrier Board Figure 4: Reference Block Diagram for the MS2100 P1: Comp. P13: NC *Rext: Can be added down to the 39k , along with the internal 100 k used for a faster clock,however the stability over temperature will be degraded. PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 13 - MS2100 Package Information MS2100 Package Information Figure 5: Top and Side Views Figure 6: Bottom View PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 14 - MS2100 Package Information Table 10: MS2100 Dimensions Symbol A A3 b D E e l Minimum 1.30 0.25 0.28 6.90 6.90 0.75 0.50 Nominal 1.35 0.30 0.33 7.00 7.00 0.80 0.60 Maximum 1.40 0.35 0.38 7.10 7.10 0.85 0.70 Units mm mm mm mm mm mm mm Figure 7: Top View – Markings Packaging Sealed tray of 384 pieces. PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 15 - MS2100 Lead-Free Processing Recommended Processing Parameters Figure 8: MS2100 Solder Profile Table 11: Recommended Processing Parameters Reflow Parameter Temperature Max Peak Temperature 240ºC Soak Time at Peak Temperature Time 10-20 seconds Ramp Down Rate 4°C/second max Solder Melting Point >218ºC Moisture Sensitivity Level: 5 (IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020C) PNI Corporation 133 Aviation Blvd., Suite 101, Santa Rosa, CA 95403-1084 USA;, Fax: (707) 566-2261 For the most current specifications, please visit our website at: www.pnicorp.com - 16 -