A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q AUTOMOTIVE GRADE 1.24V SHUNT REGULATOR Description Pin Assignments The TLV431Q is a three terminal adjustable shunt regulator offering TLV431_QF (SOT23) excellent temperature stability and output current handling capability up to 20mA. The output voltage may be set to any chosen voltage REF 1 between 1.24 and 18 volts by selection of two external divider 3 resistors. The TLV431Q can be used as a replacement for zener diodes in CATHODE many applications requiring an improvement in zener performance. ANODE 2 (Top View) The TLV431Q is available in 3 grades with initial tolerances of 1%, 0.5%, and 0.2% for the A, B and T grades respectively. TLV431_QE5 (SOT25) The TLV431Q has been qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 1 and is N/C Automotive Grade supporting PPAPs Low Voltage Operation VREF = 1.24V Temperature range -40 to +125°C Reference Voltage Tolerance at +25°C ‡ 2 CATHODE 3 N/C Features 0.2% 0.5% TLV431BQ 1% TLV431AQ 1 5 ANODE 4 REF (Top View) TLV431TQ ‡ Pin should be left floating or connect to anode Typical temperature drift 4 mV (0°C to +70°C) 6 mV (-40°C to +85°C) 11mV (-40°C to +125°C) Typical Application Circuit 80µA Minimum cathode current 0.25 Typical Output Impedance Adjustable Output Voltage VREF to 18V Green Molding Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) Automotive Grade Qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 1 Supports PPAP documents Adjustable High Accuracy Shunt Reference Notes: 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. 2. See http://www.diodes.com for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. 4. Automotive products are AEC-Q10x qualified and are PPAP capable. Automotive, AEC-Q10x and standard products are electrically and thermally the same, except where specified. For more information, please refer to http://www.diodes.com/quality/product_compliance_definitions/. TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Absolute Maximum Ratings (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Cathode Voltage VKA Rating Unit 20 V IKA Continuous Cathode Current -20 to +20 mA IREF Reference Input Current Range -0.05 to +3 mA Input Supply Voltage (Relative to Ground) -0.03 to +18 V 4 400 1 kV V kV VIN ESD Susceptibility HBM MM CDM Human Body Model Machine Model Charged Device Model (Semiconductor devices are ESD sensitive and may be damaged by exposure to ESD events. Suitable ESD precautions should be taken when handling and transporting these devices.) Parameter Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Rating -40 to +150 -65 to +150 Unit °C °C Operation above the absolute maximum rating may cause device failure. Operation at the absolute maximum ratings, for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. Unless otherwise stated voltages specified are relative to the ANODE pin. These are stress ratings only. Operation outside the absolute maximum ratings may cause device failure. Recommended Operating Conditions (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Min Max Units VKA Cathode Voltage VREF 18 V IKA Cathode Current 0.1 15 mA TA Operating Ambient Temperature Range -40 +125 °C Package Thermal Data Package JA PDIS TA = +25°C, TJ = +150°C SOT23 SOT25 380°C/W 250°C/W 330mW 500mW Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 2 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Symbol Parameter Conditions VKA = VREF, TA = +25°C VKA = VREF, TA = 0 to +70°C VREF Reference Voltage VKA = VREF, TA = -40 to +85°C VKA = VREF, TA = -40 to +125°C Deviation of reference voltage over full temperature range VKA = VREF ∆VREF ∆VKA Ratio of change in reference voltage to the change in cathode voltage VKA for VREF to IREF Reference Input Current R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = OC VREF(dev) TLV431AQ TLV431BQ TLV431TQ TLV431AQ TLV431BQ TLV431TQ TLV431AQ TLV431BQ TLV431TQ TLV431AQ TLV431BQ TLV431TQ Min 1.228 1.234 1.2375 1.221 1.227 1.230 1.215 1.224 1.228 1.209 1.221 1.224 Typ 1.24 1.24 1.24 — — — — — — — — — Max 1.252 1.246 1.2425 1.259 1.253 1.250 1.265 1.259 1.252 1.271 1.265 1.255 12 TA = 0 to +70°C — 4 TA = -40 to +85°C — 6 20 TA = -40 to +125°C — 11 31 6V — -1.5 -2.7 18V — -1.5 -2.7 — 0.15 0.5 0.05 0.3 TA = 0 to +70°C — 0.1 0.4 TA = -40 to +125°C — 0.15 0.5 TA = 0 to +70°C — 55 80 TA = -40 to +85°C — 55 80 — 55 100 — 0.001 0.1 µA 0.25 0.4 Ω VKA = VREF IK(OFF) Off state current VKA = 18V, VREF = 0V ZKA Dynamic output impedance VKA = VREF, f = <1kHz IK = 0.1 to 15Ma — Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 µA TA = -40 to +85°C Minimum cathode current for regulation TLV431Q mV — R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = OC IKMIN V mV/V IREF deviation over full temperature range IREF(dev) Units TA = -40 to +125°C 3 of 13 www.diodes.com µA µA February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Typical Characteristics 56kΩ 75kΩ IK O/P S1 10mA 100nF 10kΩ Test Circuit for VREF Measurement TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Typical Characteristics (cont.) TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 5 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Typical Characteristics (cont.) 3V 1kΩ 470µF 750Ω O/P Test Circuit for Input Noise Voltage O/P 6.8kΩ IK 10µF ~ 180Ω 5V 4.3kΩ Test Circuit for Phase Shift and Gain 100Ω 100µF 100Ω ~ O/P 50Ω Test Circuit for Reference Impedance TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 6 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Typical Characteristics (cont.) O/P Pulse Generator Test Circuit for Pulse Response TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Application Notes In a conventional shunt regulator application (Figure 1), an external series resistor (R3) is connected between the supply voltage, VIN, and the TLV431Q. The 0.5% and 0.2% tolerance versions allow the creation of a high accuracy adjustable shunt reference. R3 determines the current that flows through the load (IL) and the TLV431Q (IK). The TLV431Q will adjust how much current it sinks or “shunts” to maintain a voltage equal to VREF across its feedback pin. Since load current and supply voltage may vary, R3 should be small enough to supply at least the minimum acceptable IKMIN to the TLV431Q even when the supply voltage is at its minimum and the load current is at its maximum value. When the supply voltage is at its maximum and IL is at its minimum, R3 should be large enough so that the current flowing through the TLV431Q is less than 15mA. R3 is determined by the supply voltage, (VIN), the load and operating current, (IL and IK), and the TLV431Q’s reverse breakdown voltage, VKA. VIN VKA IL IK R3 where R VKA VREF 1 1 R 2 and VKA = VOUT Figure 1. Adjustable low voltage reference The values of R1 and R2 should be large enough so that the current flowing through them is much smaller than the current through R3 yet not too large so that the voltage drop across them caused by IREF affects the reference accuracy. Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations The TLV431Q in the SOT25 package has the die attached to pin 2, which results in an electrical contact between pin 2 and pin 5. Therefore, pin 2 of the SOT25 package must be left floating or connected to pin 5. Other Applications of the TLV431Q R1 VOUT VREF 1 R2 R3 VIN VOUT ISH IB R4 ISH hFE(min) VBE IB IB 15mA Figure 2. High Current Shunt Regulator It may at times be required to shunt-regulate more current than the 15mA that the TLV431Q is capable of. Figure 2 shows how this can be done using transistor Q1 to amplify the TLV431Q’s current. Care needs to be taken that the power dissipation and/or SOA requirements of the transistor is not exceeded. TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 8 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Application Notes (cont.) R1 VOUT VREF 1 R 2 R3 VIN ( VOUT VBE ) IB IOUT(max) hFE(min) IB 15mA Figure 3. Basic Series Regulator A very effective and simple series regulator can be implemented as shown in Figure 3 above. This may be preferable if the load requires more current than can be provided by the TLV431Q alone and there is a need to conserve power when the load is not being powered. This circuit also uses one component less than the shunt circuit shown in Figure 3 above. R1 VOUT VREF 1 R2 R3 VIN ( VOUT VBE ) IB IOUT(max) I 18mA hFE(min) B RS VREF IOUT(max) Figure 4. Series Regulator with Current Limit Figure 4 adds current limit to the series regulator in Figure 3 using a second TLV431Q. For currents below the limit, the circuit works normally supplying the required load current at the design voltage. However should attempts be made to exceed the design current set by the second TLV431Q, the device begins to shunt current away from the base of Q1. This begins to reduce the output voltage and thus ensuring that the output current is clamped at the design value. Subject only to Q1’s ability to withstand the resulting power dissipation, the circuit can withstand either a brief or indefinite short circuit. TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Application Notes (cont.) R1 VOUT VREF 1 R2 VOUT ( VREG VREF ) (All features of the regulator such as short circuit protection, thermal shutdown, etc, are maintained.) Figure 5. Increasing Output Voltage of a Fixed Linear Regulator One of the useful applications of the TLV431Q is in using it to improve the accuracy and/or extend the range and flexibility of fixed voltage regulators. In the circuit in Figure 5 above both the output voltage and its accuracy are entirely determined by the TLV431Q, R1 and R2. However the rest of the features of the regulator (up to 1A output current, output current limiting and thermal shutdown) are all still available. R1 VOUT VREF 1 R2 VOUT ( VREG VREF ) R3 VIN ( VOUT VREG ) IB 0.1mA IB 18mA (All features of the regulator such as short circuit protection, thermal shutdown, etc, are maintained.) Figure 6. Adjustable Linear Voltage Regulator Figure 6 is similar to Figure 5 with adjustability added. Note the addition of R3, This is added to provide sufficient bias current for the TLV431Q. TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Ordering Information Tol. 1% 0.5% 0.2% Part Number Package Part Mark Status SOT25 SOT23 SOT25 SOT23 SOT23 V1A V1A V1B V1B V1T Active Active Active Active Active TLV431AQE5TA TLV431AQFTA TLV431BQE5TA TLV431BQFTA TLV431TQFTA Reel Size 7”, 7”, 7”, 7”, 7”, 180mm 180mm 180mm 180mm 180mm Tape Width 8mm 8mm 8mm 8mm 8mm Quanity per Reel 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.) Please see AP02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02002.pdf for latest version. SOT23 A B C H K M K1 F J SOT25 D L G A SOT25 Dim Min Max Typ A 0.35 0.50 0.38 B 1.50 1.70 1.60 C 2.70 3.00 2.80 D 0.95 H 2.90 3.10 3.00 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 1.00 1.30 1.10 L 0.35 0.55 0.40 M 0.10 0.20 0.15 N 0.70 0.80 0.75 0° 8° All Dimensions in mm B C H K J M N D TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 SOT23 Dim Min Max Typ A 0.37 0.51 0.40 B 1.20 1.40 1.30 C 2.30 2.50 2.40 D 0.89 1.03 0.915 F 0.45 0.60 0.535 G 1.78 2.05 1.83 H 2.80 3.00 2.90 J 0.013 0.10 0.05 K 0.903 1.10 1.00 K1 — — 0.400 L 0.45 0.61 0.55 M 0.085 0.18 0.11 0° 8° — All Dimensions in mm L 11 of 13 www.diodes.com February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q Suggested Pad Layout Please see AP02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf for the latest version. SOT23 Dimensions Value (in mm) Z 2.9 X 0.8 Y 0.9 2.0 C 1.35 E Y Z C E X SOT25 C2 Z C2 Dimensions Value (in mm) Z 3.20 G 1.60 X 0.55 Y 0.80 C1 G Y C1 C2 X TLV431Q Document number: DS36915 Rev. 1 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com 2.40 0.95 February 2014 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated TLV431Q IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. 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