Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM HT66F302/HT66F303 Revision: V1.00 Date: ������������ May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Table of Contents Features................................................................................................................. 6 CPU Features...............................................................................................................................6 Peripheral Features.......................................................................................................................6 General Description.............................................................................................. 7 Selection Table...................................................................................................... 7 Block Diagram....................................................................................................... 7 Pin Assignment..................................................................................................... 8 Pin Description..................................................................................................... 9 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................................... 12 D.C. Characteristics............................................................................................ 13 A.C. Characteristics............................................................................................ 14 ADC Electrical Characteristics.......................................................................... 15 Power on Reset Electrical Characteristics....................................................... 16 System Architecture........................................................................................... 16 Clocking and Pipelining...............................................................................................................16 Program Counter.........................................................................................................................17 Stack...........................................................................................................................................18 Arithmetic and Logic Unit – ALU.................................................................................................18 Flash Program Memory...................................................................................... 19 Structure......................................................................................................................................19 Special Vectors...........................................................................................................................19 Look-up Table..............................................................................................................................19 Table Program Example..............................................................................................................20 In Circuit Programming...............................................................................................................21 On-Chip Debug Support – OCDS...............................................................................................21 RAM Data Memory.............................................................................................. 22 Structure......................................................................................................................................22 General Purpose Data Memory..................................................................................................22 Special Purpose Data Memory...................................................................................................22 Special Function Register Description............................................................. 25 Indirect Addressing Registers – IAR0, IAR1...............................................................................25 Memory Pointers – MP0, MP1....................................................................................................25 Bank Pointer – BP.......................................................................................................................26 Accumulator – ACC.....................................................................................................................26 Program Counter Low Register – PCL........................................................................................26 Look-up Table Registers – TBLP, TBLH......................................................................................27 Status Register – STATUS..........................................................................................................27 Rev. 1.00 2 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM EEPROM Data Memory....................................................................................... 28 EEPROM Data Memory Structure..............................................................................................28 EEPROM Registers....................................................................................................................29 Reading Data from the EEPROM ..............................................................................................31 Writing Data to the EEPROM......................................................................................................31 Write Protection...........................................................................................................................31 EEPROM Interrupt......................................................................................................................31 Programming Considerations......................................................................................................32 Oscillators........................................................................................................... 33 Oscillator Overview.....................................................................................................................33 System Clock Configurations......................................................................................................33 Internal RC Oscillator – HIRC.....................................................................................................34 Internal 32kHz Oscillator – LIRC.................................................................................................34 Supplementary Oscillator............................................................................................................34 Operating Modes and System Clocks.............................................................. 34 System Clocks............................................................................................................................34 System Operation Modes............................................................................................................35 Control Register..........................................................................................................................37 Operating Mode Switching .........................................................................................................39 Standby Current Considerations.................................................................................................43 Wake-up......................................................................................................................................43 Watchdog Timer.................................................................................................. 44 Watchdog Timer Clock Source....................................................................................................44 Watchdog Timer Control Register...............................................................................................44 Watchdog Timer Operation.........................................................................................................45 Reset and Initialisation....................................................................................... 46 Reset Functions..........................................................................................................................46 Reset Initial Conditions...............................................................................................................50 Input/Output Ports.............................................................................................. 52 Pull-high Resistors......................................................................................................................53 Port A Wake-up...........................................................................................................................54 I/O Port Control Registers...........................................................................................................54 Pin-shared Functions..................................................................................................................55 Pin-shared Registers...................................................................................................................55 I/O Pin Structures........................................................................................................................57 Programming Considerations......................................................................................................58 Rev. 1.00 3 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Timer Modules – TM........................................................................................... 59 Introduction.................................................................................................................................59 TM Operation..............................................................................................................................59 TM Clock Source.........................................................................................................................60 TM Interrupts...............................................................................................................................60 TM External Pins.........................................................................................................................60 TM Input/Output Pin Selection....................................................................................................61 Programming Considerations......................................................................................................62 Standard Type TM – STM................................................................................... 63 Standard TM Operation...............................................................................................................63 Standard Type TM Register Description.....................................................................................63 Standard Type TM Operating Modes..........................................................................................68 Periodic Type TM – PTM..................................................................................... 78 Periodic TM Operation................................................................................................................78 Periodic Type TM Register Description.......................................................................................78 Periodic Type TM Operating Modes............................................................................................83 Analog to Digital Converter – ADC.................................................................... 92 A/D Overview..............................................................................................................................92 A/D Converter Register Description............................................................................................93 A/D Converter Data Registers – SADOL, SADOH......................................................................93 A/D Converter Control Registers – SADC0, SADC1, SADC2, PASR.........................................93 A/D Operation.............................................................................................................................96 A/D Reference Voltage................................................................................................................97 A/D Converter Input Signal.........................................................................................................98 Conversion Rate and Timing Diagram........................................................................................98 Summary of A/D Conversion Steps.............................................................................................99 Programming Considerations....................................................................................................100 A/D Transfer Function...............................................................................................................100 A/D Programming Examples.....................................................................................................101 Interrupts........................................................................................................... 103 Interrupt Registers.....................................................................................................................103 Interrupt Operation....................................................................................................................106 External Interrupt.......................................................................................................................107 Multi-function Interrupt..............................................................................................................108 A/D Converter Interrupt.............................................................................................................108 Time Base Interrupts.................................................................................................................108 EEPROM Interrupt....................................................................................................................109 TM Interrupts............................................................................................................................. 110 Interrupt Wake-up Function...................................................................................................... 110 Programming Considerations.................................................................................................... 110 Configuration Option........................................................................................ 111 Application Circuits.......................................................................................... 111 Rev. 1.00 4 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Instruction Set................................................................................................... 112 Introduction............................................................................................................................... 112 Instruction Timing...................................................................................................................... 112 Moving and Transferring Data................................................................................................... 112 Arithmetic Operations................................................................................................................ 112 Logical and Rotate Operation................................................................................................... 113 Branches and Control Transfer................................................................................................. 113 Bit Operations........................................................................................................................... 113 Table Read Operations............................................................................................................. 113 Other Operations....................................................................................................................... 113 Instruction Set Summary................................................................................. 114 Table Conventions..................................................................................................................... 114 Instruction Definition........................................................................................ 116 Package Information........................................................................................ 125 8-pin SOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions...................................................................................126 10-pin SOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions.................................................................................127 16-pin NSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions...............................................................................128 Rev. 1.00 5 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Note that 8-pin MCU package types are not marketed in the following countries: UK, Germany, The Netherlands, France and Italy Features CPU Features • Operating Voltage ♦♦ fSYS=4MHz: 1.8V~5.5V ♦♦ fSYS=8MHz: 1.8V~5.5V • Up to 0.5μs instruction cycle with 8MHz system clock at VDD=5V • Power down and wake-up functions to reduce power consumption • Two Oscillators ♦♦ Internal RC – HIRC ♦♦ Internal 32kHz – LIRC • Fully intergrated internal 4/8MHz oscillator requires no external components • Multi-mode operation: NORMAL, SLOW, IDLE and SLEEP • All instructions executed in one or two instruction cycles • Table read instructions • 63 powerful instructions • Up to 2-level subroutine nesting • Bit manipulation instruction Peripheral Features • Flash Program Memory: 1K×14 • RAM Data Memory: 64×8 • EEPROM Memory: 32×8 • Watchdog Timer function • Up to 14 bidirectional I/O lines • One pin-shared external interrupt • Multiple Timer Modules for time measure, compare match output, capture input, PWM output, single pulse output functions • Dual Time-Base functions for generation of fixed time interrupt signals • 4-channel 12-bit resolution A/D converter • Low voltage reset function • Package types Rev. 1.00 ♦♦ HT66F303: 16-pin NSOP ♦♦ HT66F302: 8-pin SOP, 10-pin SOP 6 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM General Description The devices are a Flash Memory type 8-bit high performance RISC architecture microcontroller. Offering users the convenience of Flash Memory multi-programming features, The devices also includes a wide range of functions and features. Other memory includes an area of RAM Data Memory as well as an area of EEPROM memory for storage of non-volatile data such as serial numbers, calibration data etc. Analog features include a multi-channel 12-bit A/D converter function. Multiple and extremely flexible Timer Modules provide timing, pulse generation, capture input, compare match output and PWM generation functions. Protective features such as an internal Watchdog Timer, Low Voltage Reset coupled with excellent noise immunity and ESD protection ensure that reliable operation is maintained in hostile electrical environments. A full choice of internal oscillator functions are provided including a fully integrated system oscillator which requires no external components for its implementation. The inclusion of flexible I/O programming features, Time-Base functions along with many other features ensure that the devices will find excellent use in applications such as electronic metering, environmental monitoring, handheld instruments, household appliances, electronically controlled tools, motor driving in addition to many others. Selection Table Most features are common to all devices. The main features distinguishing them are I/O count and package types. The following table summarises the main features of each device. Part No. Program Data Data I/O Memory Memory EEPROM A/D Timer Module Time Stack Package Base HT66F302 1K×14 64×8 32×8 8 12-bit×4 10-bit STM×1 10-bit PTM×1 2 2 8/10SOP HT66F303 1K×14 64×8 32×8 14 12-bit×4 10-bit STM×1 10-bit PTM×1 2 2 16NSOP Block Diagram Flash/EEPROM Programming Circuitry EEPROM Data Memory Flash Program Memory Watchdog Timer Low Voltage Reset Time Bases 8-bit RISC MCU Core Reset Circuit Interrupt Controller Internal RC Oscillators I/O Rev. 1.00 RAM Data Memory Timer Modules 7 12-bit A/D Converter May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin Assignment VDD/AVDD 1 8 VSS/AVSS PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/RES PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/[STP] 2 7 3 PA5/[INT]/PTPI 6 PA0/[STPI]/AN0/ICPDA PA1/AN1/VREFI 4 5 PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/AN2/ICPCK HT66F302 8 SOP-A VSS/AVSS VDD/AVDD 1 10 PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/RES PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/[STP] 2 9 PA0/[STPI]/AN0/ICPDA 3 8 PA5/[INT]/PTPI PA4/[INT]/PTCK/STP 4 7 PA1/AN1/VREFI PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/AN2/ICPCK 5 6 PA3/INT/STCK/AN3 HT66F302 10 SOP-A VDD/AVDD 1 16 VSS/AVSS PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/RES PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/[STP] 2 15 PA0/[STPI]/AN0/ICPDA 3 14 PA5/[INT]/PTPI PA4/[INT]/PTCK/STP NC 4 13 PA1/AN1/VREFI PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/AN2/ICPCK 5 12 PA3/INT/STCK/AN3 6 11 NC NC 7 10 OCDSCK 8 9 NC OCDSDA HT66V302 16 NSOP-A PB2/PTPB 1 16 PB3/[PTP] PB1/[PTCK]/STPB 2 15 PB0/[PTPI]/VREFO 3 14 PB4/[PTPB] PB5/PTP PA3/INT/STCK/AN3 4 13 PA4/[INT]/PTCK/STP PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/AN2/OCDSCK/ICPCK PA1/AN1/VREFI 5 12 PA5/[INT]/PTPI 6 11 PA0/[STPI]/AN0/OCDSDA/ICPDA 7 10 PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/[STP] PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/RES VSS/AVSS 8 9 VDD/AVDD HT66F303/HT66V303 16 NSOP-A Note: 1. Bracketed pin names indicate non-default pinout remapping locations. 2. If the pin-shared pin functions have multiple outputs simultaneously, the desired pin-shared function is determined by the corresponding software control bits. 3. AVDD&VDD means the VDD and AVDD are the double bonding. VSS&AVSS means the VSS and AVSS are the double bonding. 4.The OCDSDA and OCDSCK pins are the OCDS dedicated pins.The HT66V303 is the EV chip for the 16-pin NSOP package device, while the HT66V302 is the EV chip for the 8-pin SOP and 10-pin SOP package device. Rev. 1.00 8 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin Description With the exception of the power pins and some relevant transformer control pins, all pins on the device can be referenced by their Port name, e.g. PA0, PA1 etc, which refer to the digital I/O function of the pins. However these Port pins are also shared with other function such as the Analog to Digital Converter, Timer Module pins etc. The function of each pin is listed in the following table, however the details behind how each pin is configured is contained in other sections of the datasheet. HT66F302 Pin Name PA0/[STPI]/ AN0/ICPDA PA1/AN1/VREFI PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/ AN2/ICPCK PA3/INT/STCK/AN3 PA4/[INT]/PTCK/STP PA5/[INT]/PTPI Rev. 1.00 Function OPT I/T O/T PA0 PAWU PAPU PASR Description ST CMOS STPI PASR IFS0 ST — STM input — ADC input channel 0 General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. AN0 PASR AN ICPDA — ST CMOS ICP Address/Data PA1 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. AN1 PASR AN — ADC input channel 1 VREFI PASR AN — ADC VREF Input PA2 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — External interrupt input STM clock input General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up STCK IFS0 ST — AN2 PASR AN — ADC input channel 2 ICPCK — ST — ICP Clock pin PA3 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — External interrupt input STCK IFS0 ST — STM clock input AN3 PASR AN — ADC input channel 3 PA4 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — External interrupt input PTCK PASR IFS0 ST — PTM clock input STP PASR — CMOS STM output PA5 PAWU PAPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. INT IFS0 ST — External interrupt input PTPI IFS0 ST — PTM input 9 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin Name PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/ [STP] PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/ RES Function OPT I/T O/T PA6 PAWU PAPU PASR Description ST CMOS PTCK PASR IFS0 ST — PTM clock input STPI PASR IFS0 ST — STM input STP PASR — CMOS STM output PA7 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS PTCK PASR IFS0 — — General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. PTM clock input STPB PASR ST RES RSTC ST CMOS STM inverting output — External reset input VDD VDD — PWR — Digital positive power supply AVDD AVDD — PWR — Analog positive power supply VSS VSS — PWR — Digital negative power supply AVSS AVSS — PWR — Analog negative power supply OCDSDA OCDSDA — ST OCDSCK OCDSCK — ST — Function OPT I/T O/T PA0 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS STPI PASR IFS0 ST — STM input AN0 PASR AN — ADC input channel 0 OCDSDA — ST CMOS OCDS Address/Data, for EV chip only ICPDA — ST CMOS ICP Address/Data PA1 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS CMOS OCDS Address/Data, for EV chip only OCDS Clock pin, for EV chip only HT66F303 Pin Name PA0/[STPI]/AN0/ OCDSDA/ICPDA PA1/AN1/VREFI PA2/[INT]/[STCK]/AN2 /OCDSCK/ICPCK Rev. 1.00 Description General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. AN1 PASR AN — ADC input channel 1 VREFI PASR AN — ADC VREF Input PA2 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — External interrupt input General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up STCK IFS0 ST — STM clock input AN2 PASR AN — ADC input channel 2 OCDSCK — ST — OCDS Clock pin, for EV chip only ICPCK — ST — ICP Clock pin 10 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin Name PA3/INT/STCK/AN3 PA4/[INT]/PTCK/STP PA5/[INT]/PTPI PA6/[PTCK]/STPI/ [STP] PA7/[PTCK]/[STPB]/ RES PB0/[PTPI]/VREFO PB1/[PTCK]/STPB PB2/PTPB PB3/[PTP] PB4/[PTPB] Rev. 1.00 Function OPT I/T O/T PA3 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — Description General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. External interrupt input STCK IFS0 ST — STM clock input AN3 PASR AN — ADC input channel 3 PA4 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS INT PASR IFS0 ST — External interrupt input PTCK PASR IFS0 ST — PTM clock input STP PASR — CMOS STM output PA5 PAWU PAPU ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. INT IFS0 ST — External interrupt input PTPI IFS0 ST — PTM input PA6 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS PTCK PASR IFS0 ST — PTM clock input STPI PASR IFS0 ST — STM input STP PASR — CMOS STM output PA7 PAWU PAPU PASR ST CMOS PTCK PASR IFS0 ST — STPB PASR — RES RSTC ST PB0 PBPU PBSR ST PTPI PBSR IFS0 ST — PTM input VREFO PBSR — AN ADC reference voltage output PB1 PBPU PBSR ST PTCK PBSR IFS0 — STPB PBSR ST CMOS STM inverting output PB2 PBPU PBSR ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high PTPB — ST CMOS PTM inverting output PB3 PBPU PBSR ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high PTP PBSR — CMOS PTM output PB4 PBPU PBSR ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high PTPB PBSR — CMOS PTM inverting output General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high and wake-up. PTM clock input CMOS STM inverting output — External reset input CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high — 11 PTM clock input May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin Name PB5/PTP Function OPT I/T PB5 PBPU PBSR O/T Description ST CMOS General purpose I/O. Register enabled pull-high CMOS PTM output PTP PBSR — VDD VDD — PWR — Digital positive power supply AVDD AVDD — PWR — Analog positive power supply VSS VSS — PWR — Digital negative power supply AVSS AVSS — PWR — Analog negative power supply Legend: I/T: Input type; O/T: Output type OP: Optional by register option PWR: Power; ST: Schmitt Trigger input CMOS: CMOS output; AN: Analog signal pin VDD is the device power supply while AVDD is the ADC power supply. The AVDD pin is bonded together internally with VDD. VSS is the device ground pin while AVSS is the ADC ground pin. The AVSS pin is bonded together internally with VSS. As the Pin Description Summary table applies to the package type with the most pins, not all of the above listed pins may be present on package types with smaller numbers of pins. Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage.....................................................................................................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6.0V Input Voltage.......................................................................................................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V Storage Temperature...................................................................................................... -50°C to 125°C Operating Temperature.....................................................................................................-40°C to 85°C IOL Total.........................................................................................................................................80mA IOH Total........................................................................................................................................ -80mA Total Power Dissipation.............................................................................................................500mW Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of the devices at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability. Rev. 1.00 12 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM D.C. Characteristics Ta=25°C Symbol VDD Parameter Operating Voltage (HIRC) Test Conditions IDD SLEEP0 Mode Standby Current SLEEP1 Mode Standby Current ISTB IDLE0 Mode Standby Current Max. Unit V 1.8 — 5.5 1.8 — 5.5 V No load, all peripherals off, fSYS=fHIRC=4MHz — 0.5 1.0 mA — 1.2 1.8 mA No load, all peripherals off, fSYS=fHIRC=8MHz — 1.0 2.0 mA — 2.0 3.0 mA No load, all peripherals off, fSYS=fLIRC=32kHz — 20 30 μA — 30 60 μA No load, all peripherals off, WDT off — 0.2 0.8 μA — 0.5 1.0 μA No load, all peripherals off, WDT on — 1.3 5.0 μA — 2.2 10.0 μA No load, all peripherals off, fSUB on — 1.3 3 μA — 5 10 μA No load, all peripherals off, fSUB on, fSYS=fHIRC=4MHz — 0.4 0.8 mA — 0.5 1.0 mA — 0.8 1.6 mA 5V No load, all peripherals off, fSUB on, fSYS=fHIRC=8MHz — 1.0 2.0 mA 5V 3V 3V 5V 3V 5V 3V 5V 3V 5V 3V IDLE1 Mode Standby Current Typ. fSYS=fHIRC=4MHz 5V Operating Current (LIRC) Min. fSYS=fHIRC=8MHz — 3V Operating Crrent (HIRC) Conditions VDD 5V 3V VLVR Low Voltage Reset Voltage — LVR enable, voltage select 1.7V - 5% 1.7 + 5% V VBG Bandgap Reference Voltage 3V — -5% 1.0 +5% V ILVR Additional Current for LVR Enable Input Low Voltage for I/O Ports or Input Pins except RES Pin 5V VIL — Input Low Voltage for RES Pin VIH IOL IOH RPH — 6 8 — 10 15 — 0 — 1.5 V — 0 — 0.2VDD V — — 0 — 0.4VDD V Input High Voltage for I/O Ports or Input Pins except RES Pin 5V — 3.5 — 5 V — — 0.8VDD — VDD V Input High Voltage for RES Pin — — 0.9VDD — VDD V 1.8V VOL=0.1VDD 7 14 ─ mA 3V VOL=0.1VDD 18 36 ─ mA 5V VOL=0.1VDD 40 80 ─ mA 3V VOH=0.9VDD -3 -6 ─ mA 5V VOH=0.9VDD -7 -14 ─ mA 3V LVPU=0 20 60 100 kΩ 5V LVPU=0 10 30 50 kΩ 3V LVPU=1 6.67 15 23 kΩ 5V LVPU=1 3.5 7.5 12 kΩ I/O Port Sink Current I/O Port Source Current Pull-high Resistance for I/O Ports Rev. 1.00 3V 5V LVR disable → LVR enable 13 μA May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A.C. Characteristics Ta=25°C Symbol fSYS Test Conditions Parameter System Clock (HIRC) System Clock (LIRC) fHIRC fLIRC System Clock (LIRC) Max. Unit — — 4 — MHz — — 8 — MHz — — 32 — kHz -1% 4 +1% 1.8V~5.5V 1.8V~5.5V 1.8V~5.5V Ta=25°C -2% 4 -2.5% 4 Ta=-40°C~85°C -3% 8 -3% 1.8V~5.5V Ta=-40°C~85°C 2.2V~5.5V 3V/5V 8MHz Trimmed HIRC Frequency Typ. Conditions 3V/5V 4MHz Trimmed HIRC Frequency Min. VDD 2.2V~5.5V Ta=-40°C~85°C Ta=25°C +2% +2.5% MHz -5% 4 +5% Ta=25°C -1% 8 +1% Ta=-40°C~85°C -2% 8 -2.5% 8 Ta=25°C +2% +2.5% MHz Ta=-40°C~85°C -3% 8 -3% 1.8V~5.5V Ta=-40°C~85°C -5% 8 -5% 1.8V~5.5V Ta=-40°C~85°C 8 32 50 kHz tINT External Interrupt Minimum Pulse Width — — 0.3 ─ ─ μs tTimer xTCK, xTPI Input Pulse Width — — 0.3 ─ ─ μs tRES External Reset Low Pulse Width — — 10 ─ ─ μs tEERD EEPROM Read Time — — ─ 2 4 tSYS tEEWR EEPROM Write Time — — ─ 2 7.5 ms System Reset Delay Time (POR Reset, LVR Hardware Reset, LVR Software Reset, WDT Software Reset) — — 25 50 150 ms System Reset Delay Time (Reset Pin Reset, WDT Time-out Hardware Cold Reset) — — 8.3 16.7 50 ms tRSTD System Start-up Timer Period (Wake-up from HALT, fSYS Off at HALT, Reset Pin Reset) tSST System Start-up Timer Period (Wake-up from HALT, fSYS On at HALT State) System Start-up Timer Period (WDT Time-out Hardware Cold Reset) — fSYS=fH~fH / 64, fH=fHIRC 16 — — tHIRC — fSYS=fSUB=fLIRC 2 — — tLIRC — fSYS=fH~fH / 64, fSYS=fHIRC 2 — — tH — fSYS=fLIRC 2 — — tSUB 0 — — tH — — 150 μs 120 600 850 μs — tBGS VBG Turn on Stable Time — tLVR Minimum Low Voltage width to Reset — — No load — Note: 1. tSYS=1/fSYS 2. To maintain the accuracy of the internal HIRC oscillator frequency, a 0.1μF decoupling capacitor should be connected between VDD and VSS and located as close to the device as possible. Rev. 1.00 14 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM ADC Electrical Characteristics Symbol Parameter Ta=25°C Test Conditions VDD Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VDD Operating Voltage — — 1.8 — 5.5 V VADI Input Voltage — — 0 — VREF V VREF Reference Voltage — — 1.8 — VDD V -3 — +3 LSB -4 — +4 LSB — 0.8 1.0 mA — 0.2 0.4 mA — 0.3 0.6 mA 1.8V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.0V 2.0 — 10 μs 2.0V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V DNL Differential Nonlinearity VREF=AVDD=VDD, 1.8V tADCK=2.0μs 3V 5V 1.8V INL Integral Nonlinearity 3V 5V VREF=AVDD=VDD, tADCK=0.5μs VREF=AVDD=VDD, tADC=2.0μs VREF=AVDD=VDD, tADC=0.5μs 1.8V IADC Additional Current for ADC Enable 3V No load (tADCK=0.5μs) 5V tADCK Clock Period — 0.5 — 10 μs tON2ST ADC on to ADC Start — — 4 — — μs tADC Conversion Time (Include ADC Sample and Hold Time) — — — 16 — tADCK IPGA Additional Current for PGA Enable 1.8V No load VCM VOR Ga Rev. 1.00 PGA Common Mode Voltage Range PGA Maximum Output Voltage Range PGA Gain Accuracy 3V No load 5V No load — 160 250 μA — 180 300 μA — 250 350 μA 1.8V — 1 — AVDD-0.4 V 2.2V — 1 — AVDD-0.4 V 3V — 1 — AVDD-0.4 V 5V — 1 — AVDD-0.4 V 1.8V — VSS+0.1 — VDD–0.1 V 2.2V — VSS+0.1 — VDD–0.1 V 3V — VSS+0.1 — VDD–0.1 V 5V — VSS+0.1 — VDD–0.1 V — — -5 — +5 % 15 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Power on Reset Electrical Characteristics Ta=25°C Symbol Test Conditions Parameter VDD Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VPOR VDD start voltage to ensure power-on reset — — — — 100 mV RRPOR VDD rising rate to ensure power-on reset — — 0.035 — — V/ms tPOR Minimum time for VDD stays at VPOR to ensure power-on reset — — 1 — — ms VDD tPOR RRPOR VPOR Time System Architecture A key factor in the high-performance features of the Holtek range of microcontrollers is attributed to their internal system architecture. The range of devices take advantage of the usual features found within RISC microcontrollers providing increased speed of operation and Periodic performance. The pipelining scheme is implemented in such a way that instruction fetching and instruction execution are overlapped, hence instructions are effectively executed in one cycle, with the exception of branch or call instructions. An 8-bit wide ALU is used in practically all instruction set operations, which carries out arithmetic operations, logic operations, rotation, increment, decrement, branch decisions, etc. The internal data path is simplified by moving data through the Accumulator and the ALU. Certain internal registers are implemented in the Data Memory and can be directly or indirectly addressed. The simple addressing methods of these registers along with additional architectural features ensure that a minimum of external components is required to provide a functional I/O and A/D control system with maximum reliability and flexibility. This makes the devices suitable for low-cost, high-volume production for controller applications. Clocking and Pipelining The main system clock, derived from either a HIRC or LIRC oscillator is subdivided into four internally generated non-overlapping clocks, T1~T4. The Program Counter is incremented at the beginning of the T1 clock during which time a new instruction is fetched. The remaining T2~T4 clocks carry out the decoding and execution functions. In this way, one T1~T4 clock cycle forms one instruction cycle. Although the fetching and execution of instructions takes place in consecutive instruction cycles, the pipelining structure of the microcontroller ensures that instructions are effectively executed in one instruction cycle. The exception to this are instructions where the contents of the Program Counter are changed, such as subroutine calls or jumps, in which case the instruction will take one more instruction cycle to execute. Rev. 1.00 16 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM fSYS (S�stem Clock) Phase Clock T1 Phase Clock T� Phase Clock T3 Phase Clock T4 Program Counter Pipelining PC PC+1 PC+� Fetch Inst. (PC) Execute Inst. (PC-1) Fetch Inst. (PC+1) Execute Inst. (PC) Fetch Inst. (PC+�) Execute Inst. (PC+1) System Clock and Pipelining For instructions involving branches, such as jump or call instructions, two machine cycles are required to complete instruction execution. An extra cycle is required as the program takes one cycle to first obtain the actual jump or call address and then another cycle to actually execute the branch. The requirement for this extra cycle should be taken into account by programmers in timing sensitive applications. 1 �OV A�[1�H] � CALL DELAY 3 CPL [1�H] 4 : 5 : � DELAY: NOP Fetch Inst. 1 Execute Inst. 1 Fetch Inst. � Execute Inst. � Fetch Inst. 3 Flush Pipeline Fetch Inst. � Execute Inst. � Fetch Inst. 7 Instruction Fetching Program Counter During program execution, the Program Counter is used to keep track of the address of the next instruction to be executed. It is automatically incremented by one each time an instruction is executed except for instructions, such as “JMP” or “CALL” that demand a jump to a nonconsecutive Program Memory address. Only the lower 8 bits, known as the Program Counter Low Register, are directly addressable by the application program. When executing instructions requiring jumps to non-consecutive addresses such as a jump instruction, a subroutine call, interrupt or reset, etc., the microcontroller manages program control by loading the required address into the Program Counter. For conditional skip instructions, once the condition has been met, the next instruction, which has already been fetched during the present instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle takes its place while the correct instruction is obtained. Program Counter Program Counter High byte PCL Register PC9~PC8 PCL7~PCL0 The lower byte of the Program Counter, known as the Program Counter Low register or PCL, is available for program control and is a readable and writeable register. By transferring data directly into this register, a short program jump can be executed directly, however, as only this low byte is available for manipulation, the jumps are limited to the present page of memory, that is 256 locations. When such program jumps are executed it should also be noted that a dummy cycle will be inserted. Manipulating the PCL register may cause program branching, so an extra cycle is needed to pre-fetch. Rev. 1.00 17 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Stack This is a special part of the memory which is used to save the contents of the Program Counter only. The stack is neither part of the data nor part of the program space, and is neither readable nor writeable. The activated level is indexed by the Stack Pointer, and is neither readable nor writeable. At a subroutine call or interrupt acknowledge signal, the contents of the Program Counter are pushed onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine or an interrupt routine, signaled by a return instruction, RET or RETI, the Program Counter is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a device reset, the Stack Pointer will point to the top of the stack. If the stack is full and an enabled interrupt takes place, the interrupt request flag will be recorded but the acknowledge signal will be inhibited. When the Stack Pointer is decremented, by RET or RETI, the interrupt will be serviced. This feature prevents stack overflow allowing the programmer to use the structure more easily. However, when the stack is full, a CALL subroutine instruction can still be executed which will result in a stack overflow. Precautions should be taken to avoid such cases which might cause unpredictable program branching. If the stack is overflow, the first Program Counter save in the stack will be lost. Program Counter Top of Stack Stack Pointer Stack Level 1 Stack Level � Program �emor� Bottom of Stack Arithmetic and Logic Unit – ALU The arithmetic-logic unit or ALU is a critical area of the microcontroller that carries out arithmetic and logic operations of the instruction set. Connected to the main microcontroller data bus, the ALU receives related instruction codes and performs the required arithmetic or logical operations after which the result will be placed in the specified register. As these ALU calculation or operations may result in carry, borrow or other status changes, the status register will be correspondingly updated to reflect these changes. The ALU supports the following functions: • Arithmetic operations: ADD, ADDM, ADC, ADCM, SUB, SUBM, SBC, SBCM, DAA • Logic operations: AND, OR, XOR, ANDM, ORM, XORM, CPL, CPLA • Rotation: RRA, RR, RRCA, RRC, RLA, RL, RLCA, RLC • Increment and Decrement: INCA, INC, DECA, DEC • Branch decision: JMP, SZ, SZA, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ, SIZA, SDZA, CALL, RET, RETI Rev. 1.00 18 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Flash Program Memory The Program Memory is the location where the user code or program is stored. For the device the Program Memory is Flash type, which means it can be programmed and re-programmed a large number of times, allowing the user the convenience of code modification on the same device. By using the appropriate programming tools, the Flash device offers users the flexibility to conveniently debug and develop their applications while also offering a means of field programming and updating. Structure The Program Memory has a capacity of 1K×14 bits. The Program Memory is addressed by the Program Counter and also contains data, table information and interrupt entries. Table data, which can be setup in any location within the Program Memory, is addressed by a separate table pointer register. 0000H Reset 0004H Interrupt Vector 0018H 001CH 03FFH 14 bits Program Memory Structure Special Vectors Within the Program Memory, certain locations are reserved for the reset and interrupts. The location 000H is reserved for use by the device reset for program initialisation. After a device reset is initiated, the program will jump to this location and begin execution. Look-up Table Any location within the Program Memory can be defined as a look-up table where programmers can store fixed data. To use the look-up table, the table pointer must first be setup by placing the address of the look up data to be retrieved in the table pointer register, TBLP. This register defines the total address of the look-up table. After setting up the table pointer, the table data can be retrieved from the Program Memory using the “TABRD[m]” or “TABRDL[m]” instructions, respectively. When the instruction is executed, the lower order table byte from the Program Memory will be transferred to the user defined Data Memory register [m] as specified in the instruction. The higher order table data byte from the Program Memory will be transferred to the TBLH special register. Any unused bits in this transferred higher order byte will be read as “0”. Rev. 1.00 19 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM The accompanying diagram illustrates the addressing data flow of the look-up table. Table Program Example The following example shows how the table pointer and table data is defined and retrieved from the microcontroller. This example uses raw table data located in the Program Memory which is stored there using the ORG statement. The value at this ORG statement is “300H” which refers to the start address of the last page within the 1K words Program Memory of the device. The table pointer is setup here to have an initial value of “06H”. This will ensure that the first data read from the data table will be at the Program Memory address “306H” or 6 locations after the start of the last page. Note that the value for the table pointer is referenced to the first address of the present page if the “TABRDC [m]” instruction is being used. The high byte of the table data which in this case is equal to zero will be transferred to the TBLH register automatically when the “TABRDL [m]” instruction is executed. Because the TBLH register is a read-only register and cannot be restored, care should be taken to ensure its protection if both the main routine and Interrupt Service Routine use table read instructions. If using the table read instructions, the Interrupt Service Routines may change the value of the TBLH and subsequently cause errors if used again by the main routine. As a rule it is recommended that simultaneous use of the table read instructions should be avoided. However, in situations where simultaneous use cannot be avoided, the interrupts should be disabled prior to the execution of any main routine table-read instructions. Note that all table related instructions require two instruction cycles to complete their operation. Table Read Program Example tempreg1 db ? ; temporary register #1 tempreg2 db ? ; temporary register #2 : : mov a,06h ; initialise low table pointer - note that this address mov tblp,a ; is referenced : : tabrdl tempreg1 ; transfers value in table referenced by table pointer data at program ; memory address “306H” transferred to tempreg1 and TBLH dec tblp ; reduce value of table pointer by one tabrdl tempreg2 ; transfers value in table referenced by table pointer data at program ; memory address “305H” transferred to tempreg2 and TBLH in this ; example the data “1AH” is transferred to tempreg1 and data “0FH” to ; register tempreg2 : : org 300h; sets initial address of program memory dc 00Ah, 00Bh, 00Ch, 00Dh, 00Eh, 00Fh, 01Ah, 01Bh : : Rev. 1.00 20 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM In Circuit Programming The provision of Flash type Program Memory provides the user with a means of convenient and easy upgrades and modifications to their programs on the same device. As an additional convenience, Holtek has provided a means of programming the microcontroller in-circuit using a 4-pin interface. This provides manufacturers with the possibility of manufacturing their circuit boards complete with a programmed or un-programmed microcontroller, and then programming or upgrading the program at a later stage. This enables product manufacturers to easily keep their manufactured products supplied with the latest program releases without removal and re-insertion of the device. Holtek Writer Pins MCU Programming Pins ICPDA PA0 Programming Serial Data/Address Pin Description ICPCK PA2 Programming Clock VDD VDD Power Supply VSS VSS Ground The Program Memory and EEPROM data memory can both be programmed serially in-circuit using this 4-wire interface. Data is downloaded and uploaded serially on a single pin with an additional line for the clock. Two additional lines are required for the power supply and ground. The technical details regarding the in-circuit programming of the device are beyond the scope of this document and will be supplied in supplementary literature. Writer Connector Signals �CU Programming Pins Writer_VDD VDD ICPDA PA0 ICPCK PA� Writer_VSS VSS * * To other Circuit Note: * may be resistor or capacitor. The resistance of * must be greater than 1kΩ or the capacitance of * must be less than 1nF. On-Chip Debug Support – OCDS There is an EV chip which is used to emulate the HT66F302/HT66F303 devices. This EV chip device also provides an “On-Chip Debug” function to debug the device during the development process. The EV chip and the actual MCU device are almost functionally compatible except for the “On-Chip Debug” function. Users can use the EV chip device to emulate the real chip device behavior by connecting the OCDSDA and OCDSCK pins to the Holtek HT-IDE development tools. The OCDSDA pin is the OCDS Data/Address input/output pin while the OCDSCK pin is the OCDS clock input pin. When users use the EV chip for debugging, other functions which are shared with the OCDSDA and OCDSCK pins in the actual MCU device will have no effect in the EV chip. However, the two OCDS pins which are pin-shared with the ICP programming pins are still used as the Flash Memory programming pins for ICP. For a more detailed OCDS description, refer to the corresponding document named “Holtek e-Link for 8-bit MCU OCDS User’s Guide”. Holtek e-Link Pins Rev. 1.00 EV Chip Pins Pin Description OCDSDA OCDSDA OCDSCK OCDSCK On-chip Debug Support Data/Address input/output VDD VDD Power Supply VSS VSS Ground On-chip Debug Support Clock input 21 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM RAM Data Memory The Data Memory is a volatile area of 8-bit wide RAM internal memory and is the location where temporary information is stored. Structure Divided into two sections, the first of these is an area of RAM, known as the Special Function Data Memory. Here are located registers which are necessary for correct operation of the device. Many of these registers can be read from and written to directly under program control, however, some remain protected from user manipulation. The second area of Data Memory is known as the General Purpose Data Memory, which is reserved for general purpose use. All locations within this area are read and write accessible under program control. The overall Data Memory is subdivided into two banks. The Special Purpose Data Memory registers are accessible in all banks, with the exception of the EEC register at address 40H, which is only accessible in Bank 1. Switching between the different Data Memory banks is achieved by setting the Bank Pointer to the correct value. The start address of the Data Memory for the device is the address 00H. General Purpose Data Memory There is 64 bytes of general purpose data memory which are arranged in Bank 0. All microcontroller programs require an area of read/write memory where temporary data can be stored and retrieved for use later. It is this area of RAM memory that is known as General Purpose Data Memory. This area of Data Memory is fully accessible by the user programing for both reading and writing operations. By using the bit operation instructions individual bits can be set or reset under program control giving the user a large range of flexibility for bit manipulation in the Data Memory. Special Purpose Data Memory This area of Data Memory is where registers, necessary for the correct operation of the microcontroller, are stored. Most of the registers are both readable and writeable but some are protected and are readable only, the details of which are located under the relevant Special Function Register section. Note that for locations that are unused, any read instruction to these addresses will return the value “00H”. Rev. 1.00 Device Capacity Bank 0 Bank 1 HT66F302/HT66F303 64×8 40H~7FH 40H EEC register only 22 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM 20H 21H 22H 23H 24H 25H 26H 27H 28H 29H 2AH 2BH 2CH 2DH STATUS SMOD LVPUC INTEG INTC0 INTC1 2EH 2FH 30H 31H 32H 33H 34H 35H 36H 37H 38H 39H 3AH MFI0 MFI1 PA PAC PAPU PAWU IFS0 WDTC TBC SMOD1 LVRC EEA EED Bank 0 Bank 1 SADOL SADOH SADC0 SADC1 SADC2 RSTC PASR STMC0 STMC1 STMDL STMDH STMAL STMAH PTMC0 PTMC1 PTMDL PTMDH PTMAL PTMAH PTMRPL PTMRPH ~ 00H 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06H 07H 08H 09H 0AH 0BH 0CH 0DH 0EH 0FH 10H 11H 12H 13H 14H 15H 16H 17H 18H 19H 1AH 1BH 1CH 1DH 1EH 1FH Bank 0~1 IAR0 MP0 IAR1 MP1 BP ACC PCL TBLP TBLH 3FH : Unused, read as "00" : Reserved, cannot be changed Special Purpose Data Memory Structure – HT66F302 Rev. 1.00 23 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM 00H 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06H 07H 08H 09H 0AH 0BH 0CH 0DH 0EH 0FH 10H 11H 12H 13H 14H 15H 16H 17H 18H 19H 1AH 1BH 1CH 1DH 1EH 1FH Bank 0~1 IAR0 MP0 IAR1 MP1 BP ACC PCL TBLP TBLH 20H 21H 22H 23H 24H 25H 26H 27H 28H 29H 2AH 2BH 2CH 2DH STATUS SMOD LVPUC INTEG INTC0 INTC1 Bank 0 Bank 1 SADOL SADOH SADC0 SADC1 SADC2 RSTC PASR PBSR STMC0 STMC1 STMDL STMDH STMAL STMAH 2EH 2FH 30H 31H 32H 33H 34H 35H 36H 37H 38H 39H 3AH ~ 3FH MFI0 MFI1 PA PAC PAPU PAWU IFS0 WDTC TBC SMOD1 LVRC EEA EED PB PBC PBPU PTMC0 PTMC1 PTMDL PTMDH PTMAL PTMAH PTMRPL PTMRPH : Unused, read as "00" Special Purpose Data Memory Structure – HT66F303 40H EEC General Purpose Data �emor� Unused 7FH General Purpose Data Memory Rev. 1.00 24 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Special Function Register Description Most of the Special Function Register details will be described in the relevant functional section, however several registers require a separate description in this section. Indirect Addressing Registers – IAR0, IAR1 The Indirect Addressing Registers, IAR0 and IAR1, although having their locations in normal RAM register space, do not actually physically exist as normal registers. The method of indirect addressing for RAM data manipulation uses these Indirect Addressing Registers and Memory Pointers, in contrast to direct memory addressing, where the actual memory address is specified. Actions on the IAR0 and IAR1 registers will result in no actual read or write operation to these registers but rather to the memory location specified by their corresponding Memory Pointers, MP0 or MP1. Acting as a pair, IAR0 and MP0 can together access data from Bank 0 while the IAR1 and MP1 register pair can access data from any bank. As the Indirect Addressing Registers are not physically implemented, reading the Indirect Addressing Registers indirectly will return a result of “00H” and writing to the registers indirectly will result in no operation. Memory Pointers – MP0, MP1 Two Memory Pointers, known as MP0 and MP1 are provided. These Memory Pointers are physically implemented in the Data Memory and can be manipulated in the same way as normal registers providing a convenient way with which to address and track data. When any operation to the relevant Indirect Addressing Registers is carried out, the actual address that the microcontroller is directed to is the address specified by the related Memory Pointer. MP0, together with Indirect Addressing Register, IAR0, are used to access data from Bank 0, while MP1 and IAR1 are used to access data from all banks according to BP register. Direct Addressing can only be used with Bank 0, all other Banks must be addressed indirectly using MP1 and IAR1. The following example shows how to clear a section of four Data Memory locations already defined as locations adres1 to adres4. Indirect Addressing Program Example data .section ´data´ adres1 db ? adres2 db ? adres3 db ? adres4 db ? block db ? code .section at 0 ´code´ org 00h start: mov a,04h ; setup size of block mov block,a mov a,offset adres1 ; Accumulator loaded with first RAM address mov mp0,a ; setup memory pointer with first RAM address loop: clr IAR0 ; clear the data at address defined by mp0 inc mp0; increment memory pointer sdz block ; check if last memory location has been cleared jmp loop continue: The important point to note here is that in the example shown above, no reference is made to specific Data Memory addresses. Rev. 1.00 25 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Bank Pointer – BP For the devices, the Data Memory is divided into two banks, Bank0 and Bank1. Selecting the required Data Memory area is achieved using the Bank Pointer. Bit 0 of the Bank Pointer is used to select Data Memory Banks 0~1. The Data Memory is initialised to Bank 0 after a reset, except for a WDT time-out reset in the Power Down Mode, in which case, the Data Memory bank remains unaffected. It should be noted that the Special Function Data Memory is not affected by the bank selection, which means that the Special Function Registers can be accessed from within any bank. Directly addressing the Data Memory will always result in Bank 0 being accessed irrespective of the value of the Bank Pointer. Accessing data from Bank1 must be implemented using Indirect Addressing. BP Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — — DMBP0 R/W — — — — — — — R/W POR — — — — — — — 0 Bit 7~1 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 0DMBP0: Select Data Memory Banks 0: Bank 0 1: Bank 1 Accumulator – ACC The Accumulator is central to the operation of any microcontroller and is closely related with operations carried out by the ALU. The Accumulator is the place where all intermediate results from the ALU are stored. Without the Accumulator it would be necessary to write the result of each calculation or logical operation such as addition, subtraction, shift, etc., to the Data Memory resulting in higher programming and timing overheads. Data transfer operations usually involve the temporary storage function of the Accumulator; for example, when transferring data between one user-defined register and another, it is necessary to do this by passing the data through the Accumulator as no direct transfer between two registers is permitted. Program Counter Low Register – PCL To provide additional program control functions, the low byte of the Program Counter is made accessible to programmers by locating it within the Special Purpose area of the Data Memory. By manipulating this register, direct jumps to other program locations are easily implemented. Loading a value directly into this PCL register will cause a jump to the specified Program Memory location, however, as the register is only 8-bit wide, only jumps within the current Program Memory page are permitted. When such operations are used, note that a dummy cycle will be inserted. Rev. 1.00 26 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Look-up Table Registers – TBLP, TBLH These two special function registers are used to control operation of the look-up table which is stored in the Program Memory. TBLP is the table pointer and indicate the location where the table data is located. Its value must be setup before any table read commands are executed. Its value can be changed, for example using the “INC” or “DEC” instructions, allowing for easy table data pointing and reading. TBLH is the location where the high order byte of the table data is stored after a table read data instruction has been executed. Note that the lower order table data byte is transferred to a user defined location. Status Register – STATUS This 8-bit register contains the zero flag (Z), carry flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag (OV), power down flag (PDF), and watchdog time-out flag (TO). These arithmetic/logical operation and system management flags are used to record the status and operation of the microcontroller. With the exception of the TO and PDF flags, bits in the status register can be altered by instructions like most other registers. Any data written into the status register will not change the TO or PDF flag. In addition, operations related to the status register may give different results due to the different instruction operations. The TO flag can be affected only by a system power-up, a WDT time-out or by executing the “CLR WDT” or “HALT” instruction. The PDF flag is affected only by executing the “HALT” or “CLR WDT” instruction or during a system power-up. The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of the latest operations. • C is set if an operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take place during a subtraction operation; otherwise C is cleared. C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction. • AC is set if an operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition, or no borrow from the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction; otherwise AC is cleared. • Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logical operation is zero; otherwise Z is cleared. • OV is set if an operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared. • PDF is cleared by a system power-up or executing the “CLR WDT” instruction. PDF is set by executing the “HALT” instruction. • TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the “CLR WDT” or “HALT” instruction. TO is set by a WDT time-out. In addition, on entering an interrupt sequence or executing a subroutine call, the status register will not be pushed onto the stack automatically. If the contents of the status registers are important and if the subroutine can corrupt the status register, precautions must be taken to correctly save it. Rev. 1.00 27 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM STATUS Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — TO PDF OV Z AC C R/W — — R R R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — 0 0 x x x x "x" unknown Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 5TO: Watchdog Time-Out flag 0: After power up or executing the “CLR WDT” or “HALT” instruction 1: A watchdog time-out occurred. Bit 4PDF: Power down flag 0: After power up or executing the “CLR WDT” instruction 1: By executing the “HALT” instruction Bit 3OV: Overflow flag 0: No overflow 1: An operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit or vice versa. Bit 2Z: Zero flag 0: The result of an arithmetic or logical operation is not zero 1: The result of an arithmetic or logical operation is zero Bit 1AC: Auxiliary flag 0: No auxiliary carry 1: An operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition, or no borrow from the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction Bit 0C: Carry flag 0: No carry-out 1: An operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take place during a subtraction operation C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction. EEPROM Data Memory The devices contain an area of internal EEPROM Data Memory. EEPROM, which stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, is by its nature a non-volatile form of memory, with data retention even when its power supply is removed. By incorporating this kind of data memory, a whole new host of application possibilities are made available to the designer. The availability of EEPROM storage allows information such as product identification numbers, calibration values, specific user data, system setup data or other product information to be stored directly within the product microcontroller. The process of reading and writing data to the EEPROM memory has been reduced to a very trivial affair. EEPROM Data Memory Structure The EEPROM Data Memory capacity is 32×8 bits for the devices. Unlike the Program Memory and RAM Data Memory, the EEPROM Data Memory is not directly mapped and is therefore not directly accessible in the same way as the other types of memory. Read and Write operations to the EEPROM are carried out in single byte operations using two address registers and one data register in Bank 0 and a single control register in Bank 1. Rev. 1.00 28 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM EEPROM Registers Three registers control the overall operation of the internal EEPROM Data Memory. These are the address registers, EEA, the data register, EED and a single control register, EEC. As both the EEA and EED registers are located in all banks, they can be directly accessed in the same way as any other Special Function Register. The EEC register however, being located in Bank1, cannot be directly addressed directly and can only be read from or written to indirectly using the MP1 Memory Pointer and Indirect Addressing Register, IAR1. Because the EEC control register is located at address 40H in Bank 1, the MP1 Memory Pointer must first be set to the value 40H and the Bank Pointer register, BP, set to the value, 01H, before any operations on the EEC register are executed. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EEA — — — D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 EED D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 EEC — — — — WREN WR RDEN RD EEPROM Control Registers List EEA Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — — 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~5 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 4~0D4~D0: Data EEPROM address Data EEPROM address bit 4~bit 0 EED Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0D7~D0: Data EEPROM data Data EEPROM data bit 7~bit 0 Rev. 1.00 29 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM EEC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — WREN WR RDEN RD R/W — — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — — — 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3WREN: Data EEPROM Write Enable 0: Disable 1: Enable This is the Data EEPROM Write Enable Bit which must be set high before Data EEPROM write operations are carried out. Clearing this bit to zero will inhibit Data EEPROM write operations. Bit 2WR: EEPROM Write Control 0: Write cycle has finished 1: Activate a write cycle This is the Data EEPROM Write Control Bit and when set high by the application program will activate a write cycle. This bit will be automatically reset to zero by the hardware after the write cycle has finished. Setting this bit high will have no effect if the WREN has not first been set high. Bit 1RDEN: Data EEPROM Read Enable 0: Disable 1: Enable This is the Data EEPROM Read Enable Bit which must be set high before Data EEPROM read operations are carried out. Clearing this bit to zero will inhibit Data EEPROM read operations. Bit 0RD: EEPROM Read Control 0: Read cycle has finished 1: Activate a read cycle This is the Data EEPROM Read Control Bit and when set high by the application program will activate a read cycle. This bit will be automatically reset to zero by the hardware after the read cycle has finished. Setting this bit high will have no effect if the RDEN has not first been set high. Note: The WREN, WR, RDEN and RD cannot be set to “1” at the same time in one instruction. The WR and RD cannot be set to “1” at the same time. Rev. 1.00 30 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Reading Data from the EEPROM To read data from the EEPROM, the read enable bit, RDEN, in the EEC register must first be set high to enable the read function. The EEPROM address of the data to be read must then be placed in the EEA register. If the RD bit in the EEC register is now set high, a read cycle will be initiated. Setting the RD bit high will not initiate a read operation if the RDEN bit has not been set. When the read cycle terminates, the RD bit will be automatically cleared to zero, after which the data can be read from the EED register. The data will remain in the EED register until another read or write operation is executed. The application program can poll the RD bit to determine when the data is valid for reading. Writing Data to the EEPROM To write data to the EEPROM, the EEPROM address of the data to be written must first be placed in the EEA register and the data placed in the EED register. Then the write enable bit, WREN, in the EEC register must first be set high to enable the write function. After this, the WR bit in the EEC register must be immediately set high to initiate a write cycle. These two instructions must be executed consecutively. The global interrupt bit EMI should also first be cleared before implementing any write operations, and then set again after the write cycle has started. Note that setting the WR bit high will not initiate a write cycle if the WREN bit has not been set. As the EEPROM write cycle is controlled using an internal timer whose operation is asynchronous to microcontroller system clock, a certain time will elapse before the data will have been written into the EEPROM. Detecting when the write cycle has finished can be implemented either by polling the WR bit in the EEC register or by using the EEPROM interrupt. When the write cycle terminates, the WR bit will be automatically cleared to zero by the microcontroller, informing the user that the data has been written to the EEPROM. The application program can therefore poll the WR bit to determine when the write cycle has ended. Write Protection Protection against inadvertent write operation is provided in several ways. After the device is powered-on the Write Enable bit in the control register will be cleared preventing any write operations. Also at power-on the Bank Pointer, BP, will be reset to zero, which means that Data Memory Bank 0 will be selected. As the EEPROM control register is located in Bank 1, this adds a further measure of protection against spurious write operations. During normal program operation, ensuring that the Write Enable bit in the control register is cleared will safeguard against incorrect write operations. EEPROM Interrupt The EEPROM write interrupt is generated when an EEPROM write cycle has ended. The EEPROM interrupt must first be enabled by setting the DEE bit in the relevant interrupt register. When an EEPROM write cycle ends, the DEF request flag will be set. If the global, EEPROM Interrupt are enabled and the stack is not full, a subroutine call to the EEPROM Interrupt vector, will take place. When the EEPROM Interrupt is serviced, the EEPROM Interrupt flag DEF will be automatically cleared. The EMI bit will also be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. Rev. 1.00 31 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Programming Considerations Care must be taken that data is not inadvertently written to the EEPROM. Protection can be Periodic by ensuring that the Write Enable bit is normally cleared to zero when not writing. Also the Bank Pointer could be normally cleared to zero as this would inhibit access to Bank 1where the EEPROM control register exist. Although certainly not necessary, consideration might be given in the application program to the checking of the validity of new write data by a simple read back process. When writing data the WR bit must be set high immediately after the WREN bit has been set high, to ensure the write cycle executes correctly. The global interrupt bit EMI should also be cleared before a write cycle is executed and then re-enabled after the write cycle starts. Note that the device should not enter the IDLE or SLEEP mode until the EEPROM read or write operation is totally complete. Otherwise, the EEPROM read or write operation will fail. Programming Examples Reading data from the EEPROM – polling method MOV A, EEPROM_ADRES MOV EEA, A MOV A, 040H MOV MP1, A MOV A, 01H MOV BP, A SET IAR1.1 SET IAR1.0 BACK: SZ IAR1.0 JMP BACK CLR IAR1 CLR BP MOV A, EED MOV READ_DATA, A ; user defined address ; setup memory pointer MP1 ; MP1 points to EEC register ; setup Bank Pointer ; set RDEN bit, enable read operations ; start Read Cycle - set RD bit ; check for read cycle end ; disable EEPROM write ; move read data to register Writing Data to the EEPROM – polling method MOV A, EEPROM_ADRES MOV EEA, A MOV A, EEPROM_DATA MOV EED, A MOV A, 040H MOV MP1, A MOV A, 01H MOV BP, A CLR EMI SET IAR1.3 SET IAR1.2 SET EMI BACK: SZ IAR1.2 JMP BACK CLR IAR1 CLR BP Rev. 1.00 ; user defined address ; user defined data ; setup memory pointer MP1 ; MP1 points to EEC register ; setup Bank Pointer ; set WREN bit, enable write operations ; start Write Cycle - set WR bit– executed immediately after ; set WREN bit ; check for write cycle end ; disable EEPROM write 32 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Oscillators Various oscillator options offer the user a wide range of functions according to their various application requirements. The flexible features of the oscillator functions ensure that the best optimisation can be achieved in terms of speed and power saving. Oscillator selections and operation are selected through a combination of configuration options and registers. Oscillator Overview In addition to being the source of the main system clock the oscillators also provide clock sources for the Watchdog Timer and Time Base Interrupts. Two fully integrated internal oscillators, requiring no external components, are provided to form a wide range of both fast and slow system oscillators. The higher frequency oscillator provides higher performance but carry with it the disadvantage of higher power requirements, while the opposite is of course true for the lower frequency oscillator. With the capability of dynamically switching between fast and slow system clock, the devices have the flexibility to optimize the performance/power ratio, a feature especially important in power sensitive portable applications. Name Freq. Internal High Speed RC Type HIRC 4, 8MHz Internal Low Speed RC LIRC 32kHz Oscillator Types System Clock Configurations There are two methods of generating the system clock, a high speed oscillator and a low speed oscillator. The high speed oscillator is the internal 4MHz, 8MHz RC oscillator. The low speed oscillator is the internal 32kHz RC oscillator. Selecting whether the low or high speed oscillator is used as the system oscillator is implemented using the HLCLK bit and CKS2~CKS0 bits in the SMOD register and as the system clock can be dynamically selected. fH/� fH/4 High Speed Oscillator fH/8 fH HIRC Prescaler fSYS fH/1� fH/3� fH/�4 Low Speed Oscillator LIRC fL HLCLK CKS�~CKS0 bits System Clock Configurations Rev. 1.00 33 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Internal RC Oscillator – HIRC The internal RC oscillator is a fully integrated system oscillator requiring no external components. The internal RC oscillator has two fixed frequency of 4MHz, 8MHz. Device trimming during the manufacturing process and the inclusion of internal frequency compensation circuits are used to ensure that the influence of the power supply voltage, temperature and process variations on the oscillation frequency are minimised. As a result, at a power supply of 5V and at temperature of 25°C degrees, the fixed oscillation frequency of the HIRC will have a tolerance within 1%. Internal 32kHz Oscillator – LIRC The internal 32kHz System Oscillator is the low frequency oscillator. It is a fully integrated RC oscillator with a typical frequency of 32kHz at 5V, requiring no external components for its implementation. Device trimming during the manufacturing process and the inclusion of internal frequency compensation circuits are used to ensure that the influence of the power supply voltage, temperature and process variations on the oscillation frequency are minimised. Supplementary Oscillator The low speed oscillator, in addition to providing a system clock source is also used to provide a clock source to two other device functions. These are the Watchdog Timer and the Time Base Interrupts. Operating Modes and System Clocks Present day applications require that their microcontrollers have high performance but often still demand that they consume as little power as possible, conflicting requirements that are especially true in battery powered portable applications. The fast clocks required for high performance will by their nature increase current consumption and of course vice-versa, lower speed clocks reduce current consumption. As Holtek has provided the device with both high and low speed clock sources and the means to switch between them dynamically, the user can optimise the operation of their microcontroller to achieve the best performance/power ratio. System Clocks The devices have two different clock sources for both the CPU and peripheral function operation. By providing the user with clock options using register programming, a clock system can be configured to obtain maximum application performance. The main system clock, can come from either a high frequency, fH, or a low frequency, fL, and is selected using the HLCLK bit and CKS2~CKS0 bits in the SMOD register. The high speed system clock can be sourced from HIRC oscillator. The low speed system clock source can be sourced from the internal clock LIRC. The other choice, which is a divided version of the high speed system oscillator has a range of fH/2~fH/64. There is one additional internal clock for the peripheral circuits, the Time Base clock, fTBC. fTBC is sourced from the LIRC oscillators. The fTBC clock is used as a source for the Time Base interrupt functions and for the TMs. Rev. 1.00 34 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM fH/� fH/4 High Speed Oscillator HIRC fH/8 fH Prescaler fSYS fH/1� fH/3� fH/�4 Low Speed Oscillator fLIRC LIRC HLCLK CKS�~CKS0 bits fL WDT fTBC fTB IDLEN Time Base 0 fSYS/4 Time Base 1 TBCK System Clock Configurations Note: When the system clock source fSYS is switched to fL from fH, the high speed oscillation will stop to conserve the power. Thus there is no fH~fH/64 for peripheral circuit to use. System Operation Modes There are six different modes of operation for the microcontroller, each one with its own special characteristics and which can be chosen according to the specific performance and power requirements of the application. There are two modes allowing normal operation of the microcontroller, the NORMAL Mode and SLOW Mode. The remaining four modes, the SLEEP0, SLEEP1, IDLE0 and IDLE1 modes are used when the microcontroller CPU is switched off to conserve power. Operating Mode Rev. 1.00 Description CPU fSYS fLIRC fTBC NORMAL mode On fH~fH/64 On On SLOW mode On fL On On IDLE0 mode Off Off On On On IDLE1 mode Off On On SLEEP0 mode Off Off Off Off SLEEP1 mode Off Off On Off 35 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM NORMAL Mode As the name suggests this is one of the main operating modes where the microcontroller has all of its functions operational and where the system clock is provided the high speed oscillator. This mode operates allowing the microcontroller to operate normally with a clock source will come from the high speed oscillator HIRC. The high speed oscillator will however first be divided by a ratio ranging from 1 to 64, the actual ratio being selected by the CKS2~CKS0 and HLCLK bits in the SMOD register. Although a high speed oscillator is used, running the microcontroller at a divided clock ratio reduces the operating current. SLOW Mode This is also a mode where the microcontroller operates normally although now with a slower speed clock source. The clock source used will be from the low speed oscillator LIRC. Running the microcontroller in this mode allows it to run with much lower operating currents. In the SLOW Mode, the fH is off. SLEEP0 Mode The SLEEP Mode is entered when an HALT instruction is executed and when the IDLEN bit in the SMOD register is low. In the SLEEP0 mode the CPU will be stopped, and the fLIRC clock will be stopped too, and the Watchdog Timer function is disabled. SLEEP1 Mode The SLEEP Mode is entered when an HALT instruction is executed and when the IDLEN bit in the SMOD register is low. In the SLEEP1 mode the CPU will be stopped. However the fLIRC clocks will continue to operate if the Watchdog Timer function is enabled. IDLE0 Mode The IDLE0 Mode is entered when a HALT instruction is executed and when the IDLEN bit in the SMOD register is high and the FSYSON bit in the SMOD1 register is low. In the IDLE0 Mode the system oscillator will be inhibited from driving the CPU but some peripheral functions will remain operational such as the Watchdog Timer and TMs. In the IDLE0 Mode, the system oscillator will be stopped. IDLE1 Mode The IDLE1 Mode is entered when a HALT instruction is executed and when the IDLEN bit in the SMOD register is high and the FSYSON bit in the SMOD1 register is high. In the IDLE1 Mode the system oscillator will be inhibited from driving the CPU but may continue to provide a clock source to keep some peripheral functions operational such as the Watchdog Timer and TMs. In the IDLE1 Mode, the system oscillator will continue to run, and this system oscillator may be high speed or low speed system oscillator. In the IDLE1 Mode, the Watchdog Timer clock, fLIRC, will be on. Rev. 1.00 36 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Control Register A single register, SMOD and SMOD1, is used for overall control of the internal clocks within the device. SMOD Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 — LTO HTO IDLEN HLCLK R/W R/W R/W R/W — R R R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 — 0 0 1 1 Bit 7~5CKS2~CKS0: The system clock selection when HLCLK is “0” 000: fL (fLIRC) 001: fL (fLIRC) 010: fH/64 011: fH/32 100: fH/16 101: fH/8 110: fH/4 111: fH/2 These three bits are used to select which clock is used as the system clock source. In addition to the system clock source, which can be the LIRC, a divided version of the high speed system oscillator can also be chosen as the system clock source. Bit 4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3LTO: Low speed system oscillator ready flag 0: Not ready 1: Ready This is the low speed system oscillator ready flag which indicates when the low speed system oscillator is stable after power on reset or a wake-up has occurred. The flag will be low when in the SLEEP0 mode, but after a wake-up has occurred the flag will change to a high level after 1~2 cycles if the LIRC oscillator is used. Bit 2HTO: High speed system oscillator ready flag 0: Not ready 1: Ready This is the high speed system oscillator ready flag which indicates when the high speed system oscillator is stable. This flag is cleared to “0” by hardware when the device is powered on and then changes to a high level after the high speed system oscillator is stable. Therefore this flag will always be read as “1” by the application program after device power-on. Bit 1IDLEN: IDLE Mode Control 0: Disable 1: Enable This is the IDLE Mode Control bit and determines what happens when the HALT instruction is executed. If this bit is high, when a HALT instruction is executed the device will enter the IDLE Mode. In the IDLE1 Mode the CPU will stop running but the system clock will continue to keep the peripheral functions operational, if FSYSON bit is high. If FSYSON bit is low, the CPU and the system clock will all stop in IDLE0 mode. If the bit is low the device will enter the SLEEP Mode when a HALT instruction is executed. Bit 0HLCLK: System Clock Selection 0: fH/2~fH/64 or fL 1: fH This bit is used to select if the fH clock or the fH/2~fH/64 or fL clock is used as the system clock. When the bit is high the f H clock will be selected and if low the fH/2~fH/64 or fL clock will be selected. When system clock switches from the fH clock to the fL clock and the fH clock will be automatically switched off to conserve power. Rev. 1.00 37 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SMOD1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name FSYSON — — — RSTF LVRF LRF WRF R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 — — — 0 x 0 0 “x” unknown Bit 7FSYSON: fSYS Control in IDLE Mode 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 6~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3RSTF: Reset caused by RSTC setting 0: Not occurr 1: Occurred This bit can be clear to “0”, but cannot set to “1”. If this bit is set, only cleared by Software or POR reset. Bit 2LVRF: LVR function reset flag 0: Not occurr 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 when a specific Low Voltage Reset situation occurs. This bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application program. Bit 1LRF: LVR Control register software reset flag 0: Not occurr 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 if the LVRC register contains any non defined LVR voltage register values. This in effect acts like a software-reset function. This bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application program. Bit 0WRF: WDT Control register software reset flag 0: Not occur 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 by the WDT Control register software reset and cleared by the application program. Note that this bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application. program. Rev. 1.00 38 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Operating Mode Switching The device can switch between operating modes dynamically allowing the user to select the best performance/power ratio for the present task in hand. In this way microcontroller operations that do not require high performance can be executed using slower clocks thus requiring less operating current and prolonging battery life in portable applications. In simple terms, Mode Switching between the NORMAL Mode and SLOW Mode is executed using the HLCLK bit and CKS2~CKS0 bits in the SMOD register while Mode Switching from the NORMAL/SLOW Modes to the SLEEP/IDLE Modes is executed via the HALT instruction. When a HALT instruction is executed, whether the device enters the IDLE Mode or the SLEEP Mode is determined by the condition of the IDLEN bit in the SMOD register and FSYSON in the SMOD1 register. When the HLCLK bit switches to a low level, which implies that clock source is switched from the high speed clock source, fH, to the clock source, fH/2~fH/64 or fL. If the clock is from the fL, the high speed clock source will stop running to conserve power. When this happens it must be noted that the fH/16 and fH/64 internal clock sources will also stop running, which may affect the operation of other internal functions such as the TMs. Rev. 1.00 39 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM NORMAL Mode to SLOW Mode Switching When running in the NORMAL Mode, which uses the high speed system oscillator, and therefore consumes more power, the system clock can switch to run in the SLOW Mode by setting the HLCLK bit to “0” and setting the CKS2~CKS0 bits to “000” or “001” in the SMOD register.This will then use the low speed system oscillator which will consume less power. Users may decide to do this for certain operations which do not require high performance and can subsequently reduce power consumption. The SLOW Mode is sourced from the LIRC oscillator and therefore requires this oscillator to be stable before full mode switching occurs. This is monitored using the LTO bit in the SMOD register. Rev. 1.00 40 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SLOW Mode to NORMAL Mode Switching In SLOW Mode the system uses LIRC low speed system oscillator. To switch back to the NORMAL Mode, where the high speed system oscillator is used, the HLCLK bit should be set to “1” or HLCLK bit is “0”, but CKS2~CKS0 is set to “010”, “011”, “100”, “101”, “110” or “111”. As a certain amount of time will be required for the high frequency clock to stabilise, the status of the HTO bit is checked. Entering the SLEEP0 Mode There is only one way for the device to enter the SLEEP0 Mode and that is to execute the “HALT” instruction in the application program with the IDLEN bit in SMOD register equal to “0” and the WDT off. When this instruction is executed under the conditions described above, the following will occur: • The system clock, WDT clock and Time Base clock will be stopped and the application program will stop at the “HALT” instruction. • The Data Memory contents and registers will maintain their present condition. • The WDT will be cleared and stopped. • The I/O ports will maintain their present conditions. • In the status register, the Power Down flag, PDF, will be set and the Watchdog time-out flag, TO, will be cleared. Rev. 1.00 41 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Entering the SLEEP1 Mode There is only one way for the device to enter the SLEEP1 Mode and that is to execute the “HALT” instruction in the application program with the IDLEN bit in SMOD register equal to “0” and the WDT on. When this instruction is executed under the conditions described above, the following will occur: • The system clock and Time Base clock will be stopped and the application program will stop at the “HALT” instruction, but the WDT will remain with the clock source coming from the fLIRC clock. • The Data Memory contents and registers will maintain their present condition. • The WDT will be cleared and resume counting if the WDT is enabled. • The I/O ports will maintain their present conditions. • In the status register, the Power Down flag, PDF, will be set and the Watchdog time-out flag, TO, will be cleared. Entering the IDLE0 Mode There is only one way for the device to enter the IDLE0 Mode and that is to execute the “HALT” instruction in the application program with the IDLEN bit in SMOD register equal to “1” and the FSYSON bit in SMOD1 register equal to “0”. When this instruction is executed under the conditions described above, the following will occur: • The system clock will be stopped and the application program will stop at the “HALT” instruction, but the Time Base clock will be on. • The Data Memory contents and registers will maintain their present condition. • The WDT will be cleared and resume counting if the WDT is enabled. • The I/O ports will maintain their present conditions. • In the status register, the Power Down flag, PDF, will be set and the Watchdog time-out flag, TO, will be cleared. Entering the IDLE1 Mode There is only one way for the device to enter the IDLE1 Mode and that is to execute the “HALT” instruction in the application program with the IDLEN bit in SMOD register equal to “1” and the FSYSON bit in SMOD1 register equal to “1”. When this instruction is executed under the conditions described above, the following will occur: • The system clock and Time Base clock will be on and the application program will stop at the “HALT” instruction. • The Data Memory contents and registers will maintain their present condition. • The WDT will be cleared and resume counting if the WDT is enabled. • The I/O ports will maintain their present conditions. • In the status register, the Power Down flag, PDF, will be set and the Watchdog time-out flag, TO, will be cleared. Rev. 1.00 42 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Standby Current Considerations As the main reason for entering the SLEEP or IDLE Mode is to keep the current consumption of the device to as low a value as possible, perhaps only in the order of several micro-amps except in the IDLE1 Mode, there are other considerations which must also be taken into account by the circuit designer if the power consumption is to be minimised. Special attention must be made to the I/O pins on the device. All high-impedance input pins must be connected to either a fixed high or low level as any floating input pins could create internal oscillations and result in increased current consumption. This also applies to the device which has different package types, as there may be unbonbed pins. These must either be setup as outputs or if setup as inputs must have pull-high resistors connected. Care must also be taken with the loads, which are connected to I/O pins, which are setup as outputs. These should be placed in a condition in which minimum current is drawn or connected only to external circuits that do not draw current, such as other CMOS inputs. In the IDLE1 Mode the system oscillator is on, if the system oscillator is from the high speed system oscillator, the additional standby current will also be perhaps in the order of several hundred micro-amps. Wake-up After the system enters the SLEEP or IDLE Mode, it can be woken up from one of various sources listed as follows: • An external reset • An external falling edge on Port A • A system interrupt • A WDT overflow If the system is woken up by an external reset, the device will experience a full system reset, however, If The devices are woken up by a WDT overflow, a Watchdog Timer reset will be initiated. Although both of these wake-up methods will initiate a reset operation, the actual source of the wake-up can be determined by examining the TO and PDF flags. The PDF flag is cleared by a system power-up or executing the clear Watchdog Timer instructions and is set when executing the “HALT” instruction. The TO flag is set if a WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets the Program Counter and Stack Pointer, the other flags remain in their original status. Each pin on Port A can be setup using the PAWU register to permit a negative transition on the pin to wake-up the system. When a Port A pin wake-up occurs, the program will resume execution at the instruction following the “HALT” instruction. If the system is woken up by an interrupt, then two possible situations may occur. The first is where the related interrupt is disabled or the interrupt is enabled but the stack is full, in which case the program will resume execution at the instruction following the “HALT” instruction. In this situation, the interrupt which woke-up the device will not be immediately serviced, but will rather be serviced later when the related interrupt is finally enabled or when a stack level becomes free. The other situation is where the related interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, in which case the regular interrupt response takes place. If an interrupt request flag is set high before entering the SLEEP or IDLE Mode, the wake-up function of the related interrupt will be disabled. Rev. 1.00 43 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Watchdog Timer The Watchdog Timer is provided to prevent program malfunctions or sequences from jumping to unknown locations, due to certain uncontrollable external events such as electrical noise. Watchdog Timer Clock Source The Watchdog Timer clock source is provided by the internal fLIRC clock which is supplied by the LIRC oscillator. The Watchdog Timer source clock is then subdivided by a ratio of 28 to 215 to give longer timeouts, the actual value being chosen using the WS2~WS0 bits in the WDTC register. The LIRC internal oscillator has an approximate period of 32kHz at a supply voltage of 5V. However, it should be noted that this specified internal clock period can vary with VDD, temperature and process variations. The WDT can be enabled/disabled using the WDTC register. Watchdog Timer Control Register A single register, WDTC, controls the required timeout period as well as the enable/disable operation. The WRF software reset flag will be indicated in the SMOD1 register. These registers control the overall operation of the Watchdog Timer. WDTC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name WE4 WE3 WE2 WE1 WE0 WS2 WS1 WS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 Bit 7~3WE4~WE0: WDT function software control 10101: WDT disable 01010: WDT enable Other values: Reset MCU When these bits are changed to any other values by the environmental noise to reset the microcontroller, the reset operation will be activated after 2~3 LIRC clock cycles and the WRF bit will be set to 1 to indicate the reset source. Bit 2~0WS2~WS0: WDT Time-out period selection 000: 28/ fLIRC 001: 29/fLIRC 010: 210/fLIRC 011: 211/fLIRC(default) 100: 212/fLIRC 101: 213/fLIRC 110: 214/fLIRC 111: 215/fLIRC These three bits determine the division ratio of the Watchdog Timer sourece clock, which in turn determines the timeout period. Rev. 1.00 44 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SMOD1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name FSYSON — — — RSTF LVRF LRF WRF R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 — — — 0 x 0 0 “x” unknown Bit 7 FSYSON: fSYS Control in IDLE Mode Described elsewhere Bit 6~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3RSTF: Reset caused by RSTC setting Described elsewhere Bit 2LVRF: LVR function reset flag Described elsewhere Bit 1LRF: LVR Control register software reset flag Described elsewhere Bit 0WRF: WDT Control register software reset flag 0: Not occur 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 by the WDT Control register software reset and cleared by the application program. Note that this bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application program. Watchdog Timer Operation The Watchdog Timer operates by providing a device reset when its timer overflows. This means that in the application program and during normal operation the user has to strategically clear the Watchdog Timer before it overflows to prevent the Watchdog Timer from executing a reset. This is done using the clear watchdog instructions. If the program malfunctions for whatever reason, jumps to an unknown location, or enters an endless loop, the clear WDT instructions will not be executed in the correct manner, in which case the Watchdog Timer will overflow and reset the device. With regard to the Watchdog Timer enable/disable function, there are five bits, WE4~WE0, in the WDTC register to additional enable/disable and reset control of the Watchdog Timer. WE4~WE0 Bits WDT Function 10101B Disable 01010B Enable Any other value Reset MCU Watchdog Timer Enable/Disable Control Under normal program operation, a Watchdog Timer time-out will initialise a device reset and set the status bit TO. However, if the system is in the SLEEP or IDLE Mode, when a Watchdog Timer time-out occurs, the TO bit in the status register will be set and only the Program Counter and Stack Pointer will be reset. Four methods can be adopted to clear the contents of the Watchdog Timer. The first is a WDT reset, which means a value other than 01010B and 10101B is written into the WE4~WE0 bit locations, the second is an external hardware reset, which means a low level on the external reset pin, the third is using the Watchdog Timer software clear instructions and the fourth is via a HALT instruction. There is only one method of using software instruction to clear the Watchdog Timer. That is to use the single “CLR WDT” instruction to clear the WDT. The maximum time-out period is when the 215 division ratio is selected. As an example, with a 32kHz LIRC oscillator as its source clock, this will give a maximum watchdog period of around 1 second for the 215 division ratio, and a minimum timeout of 7.8ms for the 28 division ration. Rev. 1.00 45 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM WDTC Register WE4~WE0 bits Reset MCU CLR RES pin reset “CLR WDT”Instruction “HALT”Instruction LIRC fLIRC 11-stage Divider 8-to-1 MUX 7-stage Divider WDT Time-out (28/fLIRC ~ 215/fLIRC) WS2~WS0 (fLIRC/21 ~ fLIRC/211) Watchdog Timer Reset and Initialisation A reset function is a fundamental part of any microcontroller ensuring that the device can be set to some predetermined condition irrespective of outside parameters. The most important reset condition is after power is first applied to the microcontroller. In this case, internal circuitry will ensure that the microcontroller, after a short delay, will be in a well defined state and ready to execute the first program instruction. After this power-on reset, certain important internal registers will be set to defined states before the program commences. One of these registers is the Program Counter, which will be reset to zero forcing the microcontroller to begin program execution from the lowest Program Memory address. In addition to the power-on reset, situations may arise where it is necessary to forcefully apply a reset condition when the microcontroller is running. One example of this is where after power has been applied and the microcontroller is already running, the RES line is forcefully pulled low. In such a case, known as a normal operation reset, some of the microcontroller registers remain unchanged allowing the microcontroller to proceed with normal operation after the reset line is allowed to return high. Another type of reset is when the Watchdog Timer overflows and resets the microcontroller. All types of reset operations result in different register conditions being setup. Another reset exists in the form of a Low Voltage Reset, LVR, where a full reset is implemented in situations where the power supply voltage falls below a certain threshold. Reset Functions There are five ways in which a microcontroller reset can occur, through events occurring both internally and externally. Power-on Reset The most fundamental and unavoidable reset is the one that occurs after power is first applied to the microcontroller. As well as ensuring that the Program Memory begins execution from the first memory address, a power-on reset also ensures that certain other registers are preset to known conditions. All the I/O port and port control registers will power up in a high condition ensuring that all pins will be first set to inputs. Rev. 1.00 46 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=50ms Power-On Reset Timing Chart RES Pin Reset Although the microcontroller has an internal RC reset function, if the VDD power supply rise time is not fast enough or does not stabilise quickly at power-on, the internal reset function may be incapable of providing proper reset operation. For this reason it is recommended that an external RC network is connected to the RES pin, whose additional time delay will ensure that the RES pin remains low for an extended period to allow the power supply to stabilise. During this time delay, normal operation of the microcontroller will be inhibited. After the RES line reaches a certain voltage value, the reset delay time tRSTD is invoked to provide an extra delay time after which the microcontroller will begin normal operation. The abbreviation SST in the figures stands for System Start-up Timer. For most applications a resistor connected between VDD and the RES pin and a capacitor connected between VSS and the RES pin will provide a suitable external reset circuit. Any wiring connected to the RES pin should be kept as short as possible to minimize any stray noise interference. For applications that operate within an environment where more noise is present the Enhanced Reset Circuit shown is recommended. VDD 0.01µF** VDD 10kΩ~ 100kΩ 1N4148* 0.1µF~1µF 300Ω* PA7/RES VSS Note: “*” It is recommended that this component is added for added ESD protection “**” It is recommended that this component is added in environments where power line noise is significant External RES Circuit More information regarding external reset circuits is located in Application Note HA0075E on the Holtek website. Pulling the RES Pin low using external hardware will also execute a device reset. In this case, as in the case of other resets, the Program Counter will reset to zero and program execution initiated from this point. Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=16.7ms RES Reset Timing Chart Rev. 1.00 47 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM • RSTC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name RSTC7 RSTC6 RSTC5 RSTC4 RSTC3 RSTC2 RSTC1 RSTC0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Bit 7~0RSTC7~RSTC0: PA7/RES select 01010101B: PA7 pin or other functions 10101010B: RES pin Other Values: MCU reset (reset will be active after 2~3 LIRC clock for debounce time) All reset will reset this register as POR value except WDT time out Hardware warm reset. • SMOD1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name FSYSON — — — RSTF LVRF LRF WRF R/W R/W — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 — — — 0 x 0 0 “x” unknown Bit 7 FSYSON: fSYS Control in IDLE Mode Described elsewhere Bit 6~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3RSTF: Reset caused by RSTC setting 0: Not occur 1: Occurred This bit can be clear to “0”, but cannot set to “1”. If this bit is set, only cleared by Software or POR reset. Bit 2LVRF: LVR function reset flag Described elsewhere Bit 1LRF: LVR Control register software reset flag Described elsewhere Bit 0WRF: WDT Control register software reset flag Described elsewhere Low Voltage Reset – LVR The microcontroller contains a low voltage reset circuit in order to monitor the supply voltage of the device and provide an MCU reset should the value fall below a certain predefined level. The LVR function is enabled or disabled by configuring the LVRC register during the normal and slow modes with a specific LVR voltage VLVR. If the supply voltage of the device drops to within a range of 0.9V~VLVR such as might occur when changing the battery, the LVR will automatically reset the device internally and the LVRF bit in the SMOD1 register will also be set to1. For a valid LVR signal, a low voltage, i.e., a voltage in the range between 0.9V~VLVR must exist for greater than the value tLVR specified in the A.C. characteristics. If the low voltage state does not exceed this value, the LVR will ignore the low supply voltage and will not perform a reset function. The actual VLVR is 1.7V, the LVR will reset the device after 2~3 LIRC clock cycles. Note that the LVR function will be automatically disabled when the device enters the SLEEP/IDLE mode. Note:tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=50ms Low Voltage Reset Timing Chart Rev. 1.00 48 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM • LVRC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name LVS7 LVS6 LVS5 LVS4 LVS3 LVS2 LVS1 LVS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 Bit 7~0LVS7~LVS0: LVR voltage select 01011010B: 1.7V (default) 10100101B: LVR disable Other Values: MCU reset (reset will be active after 2~3 LIRC clock for debounce time) When an actual low voltage condition occurs, as specified by the defined LVR voltage value, an MCU reset will be generated. In this situation the register contents will remain the same after such a reset occurs. Any register value, other than the defined LVR value, will also result in the generation of an MCU reset. The reset operation will be activated after 2~3 LIRC clock cycles. However in this situation the register contents will be reset to the POR value. • SMOD1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name FSYSON — — — RSTF R/W R/W — — — R/W LVRF LRF WRF R/W R/W POR 0 — — — 0 R/W x 0 0 “x” unknown Bit 7FSYSON: fSYS Control in IDLE Mode Described elsewhere Bit 6~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3RSTF: Reset caused by RSTC setting Described elsewhere Bit 2LVRF: LVR function reset flag 0: Not occurr 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 when a specific Low Voltage Reset situation occurs. This bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application program. Bit 1LRF: LVR Control register software reset flag 0: Not occurr 1: Occurred This bit is set to 1 if the LVRC register contains any non defined LVR voltage register values. This in effect acts like a software-reset function. This bit can only be cleared to 0 by the application program. Bit 0WRF: WDT Control register software reset flag Described elsewhere Watchdog Time-out Reset during Normal Operation The Watchdog time-out Reset during normal operation is the same as an LVR reset except that the Watchdog time-out flag TO will be set to “1”. Note: tRSTD is power-on delay, typical time=16.7ms WDT Time-out Reset during Normal Operation Timing Chart Rev. 1.00 49 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Watchdog Time-out Reset during SLEEP or IDLE Mode The Watchdog time-out Reset during SLEEP or IDLE Mode is a little different from other kinds of reset. Most of the conditions remain unchanged except that the Program Counter and the Stack Pointer will be cleared to “0” and the TO flag will be set to “1”. Refer to the A.C. Characteristics for tSST details. WDT Time-out Reset during SLEEP or IDLE Timing Chart Reset Initial Conditions The different types of reset described affect the reset flags in different ways. These flags, known as PDF and TO are located in the status register and are controlled by various microcontroller operations, such as the SLEEP or IDLE Mode function or Watchdog Timer. The reset flags are shown in the table. TO PDF 0 0 Power-on reset RESET Conditions u u RES, LVR reset during NORMAL or SLOW Mode operation 1 u WDT time-out reset during NORMAL or SLOW Mode operation 1 1 WDT time-out reset during IDLE or SLEEP Mode operation Note: “u” stands for unchanged The following table indicates the way in which the various components of the microcontroller are affected after a power-on reset occurs. Item Condition After RESET Program Counter Reset to zero Interrupts All interrupts will be disabled WDT Clear after reset, WDT begins counting Timer Modules Timer Modules will be turned off Input/Output Ports I/O ports will be setup as inputs Stack Pointer Stack Pointer will point to the top of the stack The different kinds of resets all affect the internal registers of the microcontroller in different ways. To ensure reliable continuation of normal program execution after a reset occurs, it is important to know what condition the microcontroller is in after a particular reset occurs. The following table describes how each type of reset affects each of the microcontroller internal registers. Note that where more than one package type exists the table will reflect the situation for the larger package type. Rev. 1.00 50 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM HT66F302 HT66F303 MP0 ● ● 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx MP1 ● ● 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx 1xxx xxxx 1uuu uuuu BP ● ● ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- ---0 ---- ---u Register Reset (Power On) RES Reset LVR Reset WDT Time-out WDT Time-out (Normal Operation) (HALT)* 1uuu uuuu ACC ● ● x x x x x x x x uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu PCL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 TBLP ● ● x x x x x x x x uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu TBLH ● ● --xx xxxx --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu STATUS ● ● --00 xxxx --uu uuuu --uu uuuu --1u uuuu - - 11 u u u u SMOD ● ● 0 0 0 - 0 0 11 0 0 0 - 0 0 11 0 0 0 - 0 0 11 0 0 0 - 0 0 11 uuu- uuuu LVPUC ● ● ---- 0--- ---- 0--- ---- 0--- ---- 0--- ---- u--- INTEG ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu INTC0 ● ● -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -000 0000 -uuu uuuu INTC1 ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu MFI0 ● ● --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --uu --uu MFI1 ● ● --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --00 --uu --uu PA ● ● 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PAC ● ● 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 uuuu uuuu PAPU ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PAWU ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu IFS0 ● ● 0000 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 0-00 0000 0-00 uuuu u-uu WDTC ● ● 0 1 0 1 0 0 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 11 0 1 0 1 0 0 11 uuuu uuuu TBC ● ● 0 0 11 - 111 0 0 11 - 111 0 0 11 - 111 0 0 11 - 111 uuuu –uuu SMOD1 ● ● 0--- 0x00 0--- 0x00 0--- 0100 0--- 0x00 u--- uuuu LVRC ● ● 0101 1010 0101 1010 0101 1010 0101 1010 uuuu uuuu EEA ● ● ---0 0000 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 ---0 0000 ---u uuuu EED ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu SADOL(ADRFS=0) ● ● xxxx ---- xxxx ---- xxxx ---- xxxx ---- uuuu ---- SADOL(ADRFS=1) ● ● xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu SADOH(ADRFS=0) ● ● xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx uuuu uuuu SADOH(ADRFS=1) ● ● ---- xxxx ---- xxxx ---- xxxx ---- xxxx ---- uuuu SADC0 ● ● 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 uuuu --uu SADC1 ● ● 000- -000 000- -000 000- -000 000- -000 uuu- -uuu SADC2 ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu RSTC ● ● 0101 0101 0101 0101 0101 0101 0101 0101 uuuu uuuu PASR ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PBSR – ● --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --uu uuuu STMC0 ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu STMC1 ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu STMDL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu STMDH ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu STMAL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu STMAH ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu PB – ● - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 --uu uuuu PBC – ● - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 - - 11 1111 --uu uuuu PBPU – ● --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --00 0000 --uu uuuu Rev. 1.00 51 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM HT66F302 HT66F303 PTMC0 ● ● 0000 0--- 0000 0--- 0000 0--- 0000 0--- uuuu u--- PTMC1 ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PTMDL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PTMDH ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu PTMAL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu PTMAH ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu PTMRPL ● ● 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 uuuu uuuu Register Reset (Power On) RES Reset WDT Time-out WDT Time-out (Normal Operation) (HALT)* LVR Reset PTMRPH ● ● ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --00 ---- --uu EEC ● ● ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- 0000 ---- uuuu Note: “*” stands for warm reset “-” not implement “u” stands for “unchanged” “x” stands for “unknown” Input/Output Ports Holtek microcontrollers offer considerable flexibility on their I/O ports. With the input or output designation of every pin fully under user program control, pull-high selections for all ports and wake-up selections on certain pins, the user is provided with an I/O structure to meet the needs of a wide range of application possibilities. The devices provide bidirectional input/output lines labeled with port names PA~PB. These I/O ports are mapped to the RAM Data Memory with specific addresses as shown in the Special Purpose Data Memory table. All of these I/O ports can be used for input and output operations. For input operation, these ports are non-latching, which means the inputs must be ready at the T2 rising edge of instruction “MOV A, [m]”, where m denotes the port address. For output operation, all the data is latched and remains unchanged until the output latch is rewritten. Register Name Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PA PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 PAC PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU PAPU7 PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 PAWU PAWU7 PAWU6 PAWU5 PAWU4 PAWU3 PAWU2 PAWU1 PAWU0 I/O Control Register List – HT66F302 Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PA PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 PAC PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 PAPU PAPU7 PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 PAWU PAWU7 PAWU6 PAWU5 PAWU4 PAWU3 PAWU2 PAWU1 PAWU0 PB — — PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 PBC — — PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 PBPU — — PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PBPU0 I/O Control Register List – HT66F303 Rev. 1.00 52 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pull-high Resistors Many product applications require pull-high resistors for their switch inputs usually requiring the use of an external resistor. To eliminate the need for these external resistors, all I/O pins, when configured as an input have the capability of being connected to an internal pull-high resistor. These pull-high resistors are selected using register LVPUC and PAPU~PBPU, and are implemented using weak PMOS transistors. Note that the pull-high resistor can be controlled by the relevant pull-high control register only when the pin-shared functional pin is selected as an input or NMOS output. Otherwise, the pull-high resistors can not be enabled. LVPUC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — LVPU — — — R/W — — — — R/W — — — POR — — — — 0 — — — Bit 7~4 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 3LVPU: Low Voltage Pull-High resistor Control 0: all pin pull high resistor is 30kΩ @ 5V 1: all pin pull high resistor is 7.5kΩ (10kΩ//30kΩ) @ 5V Bit 2~0 Unimplemented, read as “0” PAPU Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PAPU7 PAPU6 PAPU5 PAPU4 PAPU3 PAPU2 PAPU1 PAPU0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0 I/O Port A bit 7~bit 0 Pull-High Control 0: Disable 1: Enable PBPU Register – HT66F303 Rev. 1.00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — PBPU5 PBPU4 PBPU3 PBPU2 PBPU1 PBPU0 R/W — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 5~0 I/O Port B bit 5~bit 0 Pull-High Control 0: Disable 1: Enable 53 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Port A Wake-up The HALT instruction forces the microcontroller into the SLEEP or IDLE Mode which preserves power, a feature that is important for battery and other low-power applications. Various methods exist to wake-up the microcontroller, one of which is to change the logic condition on one of the Port A pins from high to low. This function is especially suitable for applications that can be woken up via external switches. Each pin on Port A can be selected individually to have this wake-up feature using the PAWU register. Note that the wake-up function can be controlled by the wake-up control registers only when the pin-shared functional pin is selected as general purpose input/output and the MCU enters the SLEEP or IDLE mode. PAWU Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PAWU7 PAWU6 PAWU5 PAWU4 PAWU3 PAWU2 PAWU1 PAWU0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0 I/O Port A bit 7~bit 0 Wake Up Control 0: Disable 1: Enable I/O Port Control Registers Each I/O port has its own control register known as PAC~PBC, to control the input/output configuration. With these control registers, each CMOS output or input can be reconfigured dynamically under software control. Each pin of the I/O ports is directly mapped to a bit in its associated port control register. For the I/O pin to function as an input, the corresponding bit of the control register must be written as a “1”. This will then allow the logic state of the input pin to be directly read by instructions. When the corresponding bit of the control register is written as a “0”, the I/O pin will be setup as a CMOS output. If the pin is currently setup as an output, instructions can still be used to read the output register. However, it should be noted that the program will in fact only read the status of the output data latch and not the actual logic status of the output pin. PAC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PAC7 PAC6 PAC5 PAC4 PAC3 PAC2 PAC1 PAC0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 7~0 I/O Port A bit 7~bit 0 Input/Output Control 0: Output 1: Input PBC Register – HT66F303 Bit Rev. 1.00 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — PBC5 PBC4 PBC3 PBC2 PBC1 PBC0 R/W — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 5~0 I/O Port B bit 5~bit 0 Input/Output Control 0: Output 1: Input 54 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Pin-shared Functions The flexibility of the microcontroller range is greatly enhanced by the use of pins that have more than one function. Limited numbers of pins can force serious design constraints on designers but by supplying pins with multi-functions, many of these difficulties can be overcome. For these pins, the desired function of the multi-function I/O pins is selected by a series of registers via the application program control. Pin-shared Registers The limited number of supplied pins in a package can impose restrictions on the amount of functions a certain device can contain. However by allowing the same pins to share several different functions and providing a means of function selection, a wide range of different functions can be incorporated into even relatively small package sizes. Each device includes Port “x” output function Selection register, labeled as PxSR, and Input Function Selection register, labeled as IFS0, which can select the desired functions of the multi-function pin-shared pins. When the pin-shared input function is selected to be used, the corresponding input and output functions selection should be properly managed. However, if the external interrupt function is selected to be used, the relevant output pin-shared function should be selected as an I/O function and the interrupt input signal should be selected. The most important point to note is to make sure that the desired pin-shared function is properly selected and also deselected. To select the desired pin-shared function, the pin-shared function should first be correctly selected using the corresponding pin-shared control register. After that the corresponding peripheral functional setting should be configured and then the peripheral function can be enabled. To correctly deselect the pin-shared function, the peripheral function should first be disabled and then the corresponding pin-shared function control register can be modified to select other pin-shared functions. Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PASR PAS7 PAS6 PAS5 PAS4 PAS3 PAS2 PAS1 PAS0 STPIPS PTPIPS — INTPS1 INTPS0 IFS0 PTCKPS1 PTCKPS0 STCKPS Pin-shared Function Selection Registers List – HT66F302 Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PASR PAS7 PAS6 PAS5 PAS4 PAS3 PAS2 PAS1 PAS0 PBSR — — PBS5 PBS4 PBS3 PBS2 PBS1 PBS0 STPIPS PTPIPS — INTPS1 INTPS0 IFS0 PTCKPS1 PTCKPS0 STCKPS Pin-shared Function Selection Registers List – HT66F303 Rev. 1.00 55 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM PASR Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PAS7 PAS6 PAS5 PAS4 PAS3 PAS2 PAS1 PAS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7PAS7: PA7 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA7/PTCK 1: STPB Note: PAS7 is valid when RSTC=55H Bit 6PAS6: PA6 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA6/PTCK/STPI 1: STP Bit 5PAS5: PA5 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA4/INT/PTCK 1: STP Bit 4PAS4: PA4 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA3/INT/STCK 1: AN3 Bit 3PAS3: PA3 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA2/INT/STCK 1: AN2 Bit 2~1PAS2~PAS1: PA2~PA1 Pin-Shared Control Bits 0X: PA1 10: VREFI 11: AN1 Bit 0PAS0: PA0 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PA0/STPI 1: AN0 PBSR Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — PBS5 PBS4 PBS3 PBS2 PBS1 PBS0 R/W — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — — 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 5PBS5: PB5 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PB5 1: PTP Bit 4PBS4: PB4 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PB4 1: PTPB Bit 3PBS3: PB3 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PB3 1: PTP Bit 2PBS2: PB2 Pin-Shared Control Bits 0: PB2 1: PTPB Bit 1PBS1: PB1 Pin-Shared Control Bits 0: PB1/PTCK 1: STPB Bit 0PBS0: PB0 Pin-Shared Control Bit 0: PB0/PTP 1: VREFO Rev. 1.00 56 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM IFS0 Register Bit Name 7 6 5 PTCKPS1 PTCKPS0 STCKPS 4 3 2 1 0 STPIPS PTPIPS — INTPS1 INTPS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 — 0 0 Bit 7~6PTCKPS1~PTCKPS0: PTCK Pin Remapping Control 00: PTCK on PA4 (default) 01: PTCK on PA6 10: PTCK on PA7 11: PTCK on PB1 (HT66F303); Undefined(HT66F302) Bit 5STCKPS: STCK Pin Remapping Control 0: STCK on PA3 (default) 1: STCK on PA2 Bit 4STPIPS: STPI Pin Remapping Control 0: STPI on PA6 (default) 1: STPI on PA0 Bit 3PTPIPS: PTPI Pin Remapping Control 0: PTPI on PA5 (default) 1: PTPI on PB0 (HT66F303); Undefined(HT66F302) Bit 2 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 1~0INTPS1~INTPS0: INT Pin Remapping Control 00: INT on PA3 (default) 01: INT on PA2 10: INT on PA4 11: INT on PA5 I/O Pin Structures The accompanying diagrams illustrate the internal structures of some generic I/O pin types. As the exact logical construction of the I/O pin will differ from these drawings, they are supplied as a guide only to assist with the functional understanding of the I/O pins. The wide range of pin-shared structures does not permit all types to be shown. Generic Input/Output Structure Rev. 1.00 57 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A/D Input/Output Structure Programming Considerations Within the user program, one of the first things to consider is port initialisation. After a reset, all of the I/O data and port control registers will be set high. This means that all I/O pins will default to an input state, the level of which depends on the other connected circuitry and whether pullhigh selections have been chosen. If the port control registers are then programmed to setup some pins as outputs, these output pins will have an initial high output value unless the associated port data registers are first programmed. Selecting which pins are inputs and which are outputs can be achieved byte-wide by loading the correct values into the appropriate port control register or by programming individual bits in the port control register using the “SET [m].i” and “CLR [m].i” instructions. Note that when using these bit control instructions, a read-modify-write operation takes place. The microcontroller must first read in the data on the entire port, modify it to the required new bit values and then rewrite this data back to the output ports. Port A has the additional capability of providing wake-up functions. When the device is in the SLEEP or IDLE Mode, various methods are available to wake the device up. One of these is a high to low transition of any of the Port A pins. Single or multiple pins on Port A can be setup to have this function. Rev. 1.00 58 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Timer Modules – TM One of the most fundamental functions in any microcontroller device is the ability to control and measure time. To implement time related functions the devices include several Timer Modules, abbreviated to the name TM. The TMs are multi-purpose timing units and serve to provide operations such as Timer/Counter, Input Capture, Compare Match Output and Single Pulse Output as well as being the functional unit for the generation of PWM signals. Each of the TMs has two individual interrupts. The addition of input and output pins for each TM ensures that users are provided with timing units with a wide and flexible range of features. The common features of the different TM types are described here with more detailed information provided in the individual Standard and Periodic TM sections. Introduction The devices contain two TMs. Each individual TM can be categorised as a certain type, namely Standard Type TM or Periodic Type TM. Although similar in nature, the different TM types vary in their feature complexity. The common features to the Standard and Periodic TMs will be described in this section and the detailed operation will be described in corresponding sections. The main features and differences between the two types of TMs are summarised in the accompanying table. STM PTM Timer/Counter Function √ √ I/P Capture √ √ Compare Match Output √ √ PWM Channels 1 1 Single Pulse Output PWM Alignment PWM Adjustment Period & Duty 1 1 Edge Edge Duty or Period Duty or Period TM Function Summary Device HT66F302/HT66F303 STM PTM 10-bit STM 10-bit PTM TM Name/Type Reference TM Operation The two different types of TM offer a diverse range of functions, from simple timing operations to PWM signal generation. The key to understanding how the TM operates is to see it in terms of a free running counter whose value is then compared with the value of pre-programmed internal comparators. When the free running counter has the same value as the pre-programmed comparator, known as a compare match situation, a TM interrupt signal will be generated which can clear the counter and perhaps also change the condition of the TM output pin. The internal TM counter is driven by a user selectable clock source, which can be an internal clock or an external pin. Rev. 1.00 59 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM TM Clock Source The clock source which drives the main counter in each TM can originate from various sources. The selection of the required clock source is implemented using the xTCK2~xTCK0 bits in the xTM control registers. The clock source can be a ratio of either the system clock fSYS or the internal high clock fH, the fTBC clock source or the external xTCK pin. The xTCK pin clock source is used to allow an external signal to drive the TM as an external clock source or for event counting. TM Interrupts The Standard and Periodic type TMs each has two internal interrupts, the internal comparator A or comparator P, which generate a TM interrupt when a compare match condition occurs. When a TM interrupt is generated, it can be used to clear the counter and also to change the state of the TM output pin. TM External Pins Each of the TMs, irrespective of what type, has two TM input pins, with the label xTCK and xTPI. The TM input pin xTCK, is essentially a clock source for the TM and is selected using the xTCK2~xTCK0 bits in the xTMC0 register. This external TM input pin allows an external clock source to drive the internal TM. This external TM input pin is shared with other functions but will be connected to the internal TM if selected using the xTCK2~xTCK0 bits. The TM input pin can be chosen to have either a rising or falling active edge. The other TM input pin, xTPI, is the capture input whose active edge can be a rising edge, a falling edge or both rising and falling edges and the active edge transition type is selected using the xTIO1 and xTIO0 bits in the xTMC1 register. The TMs each have two output pins with the label xTP and xTPB. When the TM is in the Compare Match Output Mode, these pins can be controlled by the TM to switch to a high or low level or to toggle when a compare match situation occurs. The external xTP output pin is also the pin where the TM generates the PWM output waveform. As the TM output pins are pin-shared with other function, the TM output function must first be setup using registers. A single bit in one of the registers determines if its associated pin is to be used as an external TM output pin or if it is to have another function. The number of output pins for each TM type is different, the details are provided in the accompanying table. Device HT66F302/HT66F303 STM PTM Input Output Input Output STCK, STPI STP, STPB PTCK, PTPI PTP, PTPB Note: For the HT66F302, the PTP and PTPB pins are not bonded to external pins. TM Input/Output Pins Rev. 1.00 60 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM TM Input/Output Pin Selection Selecting to have a TM input/output or whether to retain its other shared function is implemented using the relevant pin-shared function selection registers, with the corresponding selection bits in each pin-shared function register corresponding to a TM input/output pin. Configuring the selection bits correctly will setup the corresponding pin as a TM input/output. The details of the pin-shared function selection are described in the pin-shared function section. STM Inverting Output STPB Output STP Capture Input STPI TCK Input STCK STM Function Pin Control Block Diagram Inverting Output PTM PTPB Output PTP Capture Input PTPI TCK Input PTCK PTM Function Pin Control Block Diagram Rev. 1.00 61 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Programming Considerations The TM Counter Registers and the Capture/Compare CCRA register, and CCRP register pair for Periodic Timer Module, all have a low and high byte structure. The high bytes can be directly accessed, but as the low bytes can only be accessed via an internal 8-bit buffer, reading or writing to these register pairs must be carried out in a specific way. The important point to note is that data transfer to and from the 8-bit buffer and its related low byte only takes place when a write or read operation to its corresponding high byte is executed. As the CCRA register and CCRP registers are implemented in the way shown in the following diagram and accessing the register is carried out CCRP low byte register using the following access procedures. Accessing the CCRA or CCRP low byte register without following these access procedures will result in unpredictable values. xT� Counter Register (Read onl�) xT�DL xT�DH 8-bit Buffer xT�AL xT�AH xT� CCRA Register (Read/Write) xT�RPL xT�RPH PT� CCRP Register (Read/Write) Data Bus The following steps show the read and write procedures: • Writing Data to CCRA or PTM CCRP ♦♦ Step 1. Write data to Low Byte xTMAL or PTMRPL ––note that here data is only written to the 8-bit buffer. ♦♦ Step 2. Write data to High Byte xTMAH or PTMRPH ––here data is written directly to the high byte registers and simultaneously data is latched from the 8-bit buffer to the Low Byte registers. • Reading Data from the Counter Registers and CCRA or PTM CCRP Rev. 1.00 ♦♦ Step 1. Read data from the High Byte xTMDH, xTMAH or PTMRPH ––here data is read directly from the High Byte registers and simultaneously data is latched from the Low Byte register into the 8-bit buffer. ♦♦ Step 2. Read data from the Low Byte xTMDL, xTMAL or PTMRPL ––this step reads data from the 8-bit buffer. 62 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Standard Type TM – STM The Standard Type TM contains five operating modes, which are Compare Match Output, Timer/ Event Counter, Capture Input, Single Pulse Output and PWM Output modes. The Standard TM can be controlled with two external input pins and can drive two external output pins. Device HT66F302/HT66F303 TM Type TM Name TM Input Pin TM Output Pin 10-bit STM STM STCK, STPI STP, STPB CCRP fSYS/4 fSYS fH/1� fH/�4 fTBC fTBC STCK 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Comparator P �atch 3-bit Comparator P ST�PF Interrupt STOC b7~b9 STON STPAU STCCLR b0~b9 10-bit Comparator A STCK�~STCK0 STP STPB Output Control Polarit� Control Pin Control ST�1� ST�0 STIO1� STIO0 STPOL PASn�PBSn Counter Clear 0 1 10-bit Count-up Counter Comparator A �atch ST�AF Interrupt STIO1� STIO0 Edge Detector CCRA STPI Standard Type TM Block Diagram Standard TM Operation At its core is a 10-bit count-up counter which is driven by a user selectable internal clock source. There are also two internal comparators with the names, Comparator A and Comparator P. These comparators will compare the value in the counter with CCRP and CCRA registers. The CCRP is 3-bit wide whose value is compared with the highest 3 bits in the counter while the CCRA is the 10 bits and therefore compares with all counter bits. The only way of changing the value of the 10-bit counter using the application program, is to clear the counter by changing the STON bit from low to high. The counter will also be cleared automatically by a counter overflow or a compare match with one of its associated comparators. When these conditions occur, a TM interrupt signal will also usually be generated. The Standard Type TM can operate in a number of different operational modes, can be driven by different clock sources and can also control an output pin. All operating setup conditions are selected using relevant internal registers. Standard Type TM Register Description Overall operation of the Standard TM is controlled using series of registers. A read only register pair exists to store the internal counter 10-bit value, while a read/write register pair exists to store the internal 10-bit CCRA value. The remaining two registers are control registers which setup the different operating and control modes as well as three CCRP bits. Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 STMC0 STPAU STCK2 STCK1 STCK0 STON STRP2 STRP1 STRP0 STMC1 STM1 STM0 STIO1 STIO0 STOC STPOL STDPX STCCLR STMDL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 STMDH — — — — — — D9 D8 STMAL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 STMAH — — — — — — D9 D8 10-bit Standard TM Register List Rev. 1.00 63 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM STMC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name STPAU STCK2 STCK1 STCK0 STON STRP2 STRP1 STRP0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7STPAU: STM Counter Pause Control 0: Run 1: Pause The counter can be paused by setting this bit high. Clearing the bit to zero restores normal counter operation. When in a Pause condition the STM will remain powered up and continue to consume power. The counter will retain its residual value when this bit changes from low to high and resume counting from this value when the bit changes to a low value again. Bit 6~4STCK2~STCK0: Select STM Counter clock 000: fSYS/4 001: fSYS 010: fH/16 011: fH/64 100: fTBC 101: fTBC 110: STCK rising edge clock 111: STCK falling edge clock These three bits are used to select the clock source for the STM. The external pin clock source can be chosen to be active on the rising or falling edge. The clock source fSYS is the system clock, while fH and fTBC are other internal clocks, the details of which can be found in the oscillator section. Bit 3STON: STM Counter On/Off Control 0: Off 1: On This bit controls the overall on/off function of the STM. Setting the bit high enables the counter to run, clearing the bit disables the STM. Clearing this bit to zero will stop the counter from counting and turn off the STM which will reduce its power consumption. When the bit changes state from low to high the internal counter value will be reset to zero, however when the bit changes from high to low, the internal counter will retain its residual value until the bit returns high again. If the STM is in the Compare Match Output Mode or the PWM output Mode or Single Pulse Output Mode then the STM output pin will be reset to its initial condition, as specified by the STOC bit, when the STON bit changes from low to high. Bit 2~0STRP2~STRP0: STM CCRP 3-bit register, compared with the STM Counter bit 9~bit 7 Comparator P Match Period 000: 1024 STM clocks 001: 128 STM clocks 010: 256 STM clocks 011: 384 STM clocks 100: 512 STM clocks 101: 640 STM clocks 110: 768 STM clocks 111: 896 STM clocks These three bits are used to setup the value on the internal CCRP 3-bit register, which are then compared with the internal counter’s highest three bits. The result of this comparison can be selected to clear the internal counter if the STCCLR bit is set to zero. Setting the STCCLR bit to zero ensures that a compare match with the CCRP values will reset the internal counter. As the CCRP bits are only compared with the highest three counter bits, the compare values exist in 128 clock cycle multiples. Clearing all three bits to zero is in effect allowing the counter to overflow at its maximum value. Rev. 1.00 64 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM STMC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name STM1 STM0 STIO1 STIO0 STOC STPOL STDPX STCCLR R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~6STM1~STM0: Select STM Operating Mode 00: Compare Match Output Mode 01: Capture Input Mode 10: PWM output Mode or Single Pulse Output Mode 11: Timer/Counter Mode These bits setup the required operating mode for the STM. To ensure reliable operation the STM should be switched off before any changes are made to the STM1 and STM0 bits. In the Timer/Counter Mode, the STM output pin state is undefined. Bit 5~4STIO1~STIO0: Select STM function Compare Match Output Mode 00: No change 01: Output low 10: Output high 11: Toggle output PWM output Mode/ Single Pulse Output Mode 00: PWM Output inactive state 01: PWM Output active state 10: PWM output 11: Single pulse output Capture Input Mode 00: Input capture at rising edge of STPI 01: Input capture at falling edge of STPI 10: Input capture at falling/rising edge of STPI 11: Input capture disabled Timer/counter Mode Unused These two bits are used to determine how the TM output pin changes state when a certain condition is reached. The function that these bits select depends upon in which mode the TM is running. In the Compare Match Output Mode, the STIO1~STIO0 bits determine how the TM output pin changes state when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. The TM output pin can be setup to switch high, switch low or to toggle its present state when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. When the STIO1~STIO0 bits are both zero, then no change will take place on the output. The initial value of the TM output pin should be setup using the STOC bit. Note that the output level requested by the STIO1~STIO0 bits must be different from the initial value setup using the STOC bit otherwise no change will occur on the TM output pin when a compare match occurs. After the TM output pin changes state it can be reset to its initial level by changing the level of the STON bit from low to high. In the PWM Mode, the STIO1 and STIO0 bits determine how the TM output pin changes state when a certain compare match condition occurs. The PWM output function is modified by changing these two bits. It is necessary to change the values of the STIO1 and STIO0 bits only after the TM has been switched off. Unpredictable PWM outputs will occur if the STIO1 and STIO0 bits are changed when the TM is running. Rev. 1.00 65 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Bit 3STOC: STM Output control bit Compare Match Output Mode 0: Initial low 1: Initial high PWM output Mode/ Single Pulse Output Mode 0: Active low 1: Active high This is the output control bit for the STM output pin. Its operation depends upon whether STM is being used in the Compare Match Output Mode or in the PWM output Mode/ Single Pulse Output Mode. It has no effect if the STM is in the Timer/ Counter Mode. In the Compare Match Output Mode it determines the logic level of the STM output pin before a compare match occurs. In the PWM output Mode it determines if the PWM signal is active high or active low. In the Single Pulse Output Mode it determines the logic level of the STM output pin when the STON bit changes from low to high. Bit 2STPOL: STM Output polarity Control 0: Non-invert 1: Invert This bit controls the polarity of the STM output pin. When the bit is set high the STM output pin will be inverted and not inverted when the bit is zero. It has no effect if the STM is in the Timer/Counter Mode. Bit 1STDPX: STM PWM period/duty Control 0: CCRP - period; CCRA - duty 1: CCRP - duty; CCRA - period This bit, determines which of the CCRA and CCRP registers are used for period and duty control of the PWM waveform. Bit 0STCCLR: Select STM Counter clear condition 0: STM Comparator P match 1: STM Comparator A match This bit is used to select the method which clears the counter. Remember that the Standard STM contains two comparators, Comparator A and Comparator P, either of which can be selected to clear the internal counter. With the STCCLR bit set high, the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. When the bit is low, the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from the Comparator P or with a counter overflow. A counter overflow clearing method can only be implemented if the CCRP bits are all cleared to zero. The STCCLR bit is not used in the PWM output mode, Single Pulse or Input Capture Mode. Rev. 1.00 66 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM STMDL Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R R R R R R R R POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0 STM Counter Low Byte Register bit 7~bit 0 STM 10-bit Counter bit 7~bit 0 STMDH Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — D9 D8 R/W — — — — — — R R POR — — — — — — 0 0 3 2 1 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 1~0 STM Counter High Byte Register bit 1~bit 0 STM 10-bit Counter bit 9~bit 8 STMAL Register Bit 7 6 5 4 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0 STM CCRA Low Byte Register bit 7~bit 0 STM 10-bit Counter bit 7~bit 0 STMAH Register Rev. 1.00 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — D9 D8 R/W — — — — — — R/W R/W POR — — — — — — 0 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 1~0 STM CCRA High Byte Register bit 1~bit 0 STM 10-bit Counter bit 9~bit 8 67 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Standard Type TM Operating Modes The Standard Type TM can operate in one of five operating modes, Compare Match Output Mode, PWM Output Mode, Single Pulse Output Mode, Capture Input Mode or Timer/Counter Mode. The operating mode is selected using the STM1 and STM0 bits in the STMC1 register. Compare Match Output Mode To select this mode, bits STM1 and STM0 in the STMC1 register, should be set to 00 respectively. In this mode once the counter is enabled and running it can be cleared by three methods. These are a counter overflow, a compare match from Comparator A and a compare match from Comparator P. When the STCCLR bit is low, there are two ways in which the counter can be cleared. One is when a compare match from Comparator P, the other is when the CCRP bits are all zero which allows the counter to overflow. Here both STMAF and STMPF interrupt request flags for Comparator A and Comparator P respectively, will both be generated. If the STCCLR bit in the STMC1 register is high then the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. However, here only the STMAF interrupt request flag will be generated even if the value of the CCRP bits is less than that of the CCRA registers. Therefore when STCCLR is high no STMPF interrupt request flag will be generated. In the Compare Match Output Mode, the CCRA can not be set to “0”. If the CCRA bits are all zero, the counter will overflow when its reaches its maximum 10-bit, 3FF Hex, value, however here the STMAF interrupt request flag will not be generated. As the name of the mode suggests, after a comparison is made, the STM output pin, will change state. The STM output pin condition however only changes state when an STMAF interrupt request flag is generated after a compare match occurs from Comparator A. The STMPF interrupt request flag, generated from a compare match occurs from Comparator P, will have no effect on the STM output pin. The way in which the STM output pin changes state are determined by the condition of the STIO1 and STIO0 bits in the STMC1 register. The STM output pin can be selected using the STIO1 and STIO0 bits to go high, to go low or to toggle from its present condition when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. The initial condition of the STM output pin, which is setup after the STON bit changes from low to high, is setup using the STOC bit. Note that if the STIO1 and STIO0 bits are zero then no pin change will take place. Rev. 1.00 68 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM STCCLR = 0; STM [1:0] = 00 Counter overflow Counter Value CCRP > 0 Counter cleared by CCRP value CCRP=0 0x3FF CCRP > 0 Counter Restart Resume CCRP Pause CCRA Stop Time STON STPAU STPOL CCRP Int. flag STMPF CCRA Int. flag STMAF STM O/P Pin Output pin set to initial Level Low if STOC=0 Output not affected by STMAF flag. Remains High until reset by STON bit Output Toggle with STMAF flag Here STIO [1:0] = 11 Toggle Output select Note STIO [1:0] = 10 Active High Output select Output Inverts when STPOL is high Output Pin Reset to Initial value Output controlled by other pin-shared function Compare Match Output Mode – STCCLR=0 Note: 1. With STCCLR=0 a Comparator P match will clear the counter 2. The TM output pin controlled only by the STMAF flag 3. The output pin reset to initial state by a STON bit rising edge Rev. 1.00 69 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value STCCLR = 1; STM [1:0] = 00 CCRA = 0 Counter overflow CCRA > 0 Counter cleared by CCRA value 0x3FF CCRA=0 Resume CCRA Pause Stop Counter Restart CCRP Time STON STPAU STPOL No STMAF flag generated on CCRA overflow CCRA Int. flag STMAF CCRP Int. flag STMPF STM O/P Pin Output does not change STMPF not generated Output pin set to initial Level Low if STOC=0 Output Toggle with STMAF flag Here STIO [1:0] = 11 Toggle Output select Output not affected by STMAF flag. Remains High until reset by STON bit Note STIO [1:0] = 10 Active High Output select Output Inverts when STPOL is high Output Pin Reset to Initial value Output controlled by other pin-shared function Compare Match Output Mode – STCCLR=1 Note: 1. With STCCLR=1 a Comparator A match will clear the counter 2. The TM output pin controlled only by the STMAF flag 3. The output pin reset to initial state by a STON rising edge 4. The STMPF flag is not generated when STCCLR=1 Rev. 1.00 70 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Timer/Counter Mode To select this mode, bits STM1 and STM0 in the STMC1 register should be set to 11 respectively. The Timer/Counter Mode operates in an identical way to the Compare Match Output Mode generating the same interrupt flags. The exception is that in the Timer/Counter Mode the STM output pin is not used. Therefore the above description and Timing Diagrams for the Compare Match Output Mode can be used to understand its function. As the STM output pin is not used in this mode, the pin can be used as a normal I/O pin or other pin-shared function by setting pin-share function register. PWM Output Mode To select this mode, bits STM1 and STM0 in the STMC1 register should be set to 10 respectively and also the STIO1 and STIO0 bits should be set to 10 respectively. The PWM function within the STM is useful for applications which require functions such as motor control, heating control, illumination control etc. By providing a signal of fixed frequency but of varying duty cycle on the STM output pin, a square wave AC waveform can be generated with varying equivalent DC RMS values. As both the period and duty cycle of the PWM waveform can be controlled, the choice of generated waveform is extremely flexible. In the PWM output mode, the STCCLR bit has no effect as the PWM period. Both of the CCRA and CCRP registers are used to generate the PWM waveform, one register is used to clear the internal counter and thus control the PWM waveform frequency, while the other one is used to control the duty cycle. Which register is used to control either frequency or duty cycle is determined using the STDPX bit in the STMC1 register. The PWM waveform frequency and duty cycle can therefore be controlled by the values in the CCRA and CCRP registers. An interrupt flag, one for each of the CCRA and CCRP, will be generated when a compare match occurs from either Comparator A or Comparator P. The STOC bit in the STMC1 register is used to select the required polarity of the PWM waveform while the two STIO1 and STIO0 bits are used to enable the PWM output or to force the STM output pin to a fixed high or low level. The STPOL bit is used to reverse the polarity of the PWM output waveform. • 10-bit STM, PWM Output Mode, Edge-aligned Mode, STDPX=0 CCRP 001b 010b 011b 100b 101b 110b 111b 000b Period 128 256 384 512 640 768 896 1024 Duty CCRA If fSYS=8MHz, TM clock source is fSYS/4, CCRP=100b and CCRA=128, The STM PWM output frequency=(fSYS/4) / 512=fSYS/2048=3.90625kHz, duty=128/512=25%. If the Duty value defined by the CCRA register is equal to or greater than the Period value, then the PWM output duty is 100%. • 10-bit STM, PWM Output Mode, Edge-aligned Mode, STDPX=1 CCRP 001b 010b 011b 100b Period Duty 101b 110b 111b 000b 768 896 1024 CCRA 128 256 384 512 640 The PWM output period is determined by the CCRA register value together with the STM clock while the PWM duty cycle is defined by the CCRP register value. Rev. 1.00 71 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value STDPX = 0; STM [1:0] = 10 Counter cleared by CCRP Counter Reset when STON returns high CCRP Pause Resume CCRA Counter Stop if STON bit low Time STON STPAU STPOL CCRA Int. flag STMAF CCRP Int. flag STMPF STM O/P Pin (STOC=1) STM O/P Pin (STOC=0) PWM Duty Cycle set by CCRA PWM Period set by CCRP PWM resumes operation Output controlled by Output Inverts other pin-shared function when STPOL = 1 PWM Output Mode – STDPX=0 Note: 1. Here STDPX=0 - Counter cleared by CCRP 2. A counter clear sets PWM Period 3. The internal PWM function continues running even when STIO[1:0]=00 or 01 4. The STCCLR bit has no influence on PWM operation Rev. 1.00 72 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value STDPX = 1; STM [1:0] = 10 Counter cleared by CCRA Counter Reset when STON returns high CCRA Pause Resume CCRP Counter Stop if STON bit low Time STON STPAU STPOL CCRP Int. flag STMPF CCRA Int. flag STMAF STM O/P Pin (STOC=1) STM O/P Pin (STOC=0) PWM resumes operation PWM Duty Cycle set by CCRP PWM Period set by CCRA Output controlled by other pin-shared function Output Inverts when STPOL = 1 PWM Output Mode – STDPX=1 Note: 1. Here STDPX=1 - Counter cleared by CCRA 2. A counter clear sets PWM Period 3. The internal PWM function continues even when STIO[1:0]=00 or 01 4. The STCCLR bit has no influence on PWM operation Rev. 1.00 73 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Single Pulse Mode To select this mode, bits STM1 and STM0 in the STMC1 register should be set to 10 respectively and also the STIO1 and STIO0 bits should be set to 11 respectively. The Single Pulse Output Mode, as the name suggests, will generate a single shot pulse on the STM output pin. The trigger for the pulse output leading edge is a low to high transition of the STON bit, which can be implemented using the application program. However in the Single Pulse Mode, the STON bit can also be made to automatically change from low to high using the external STCK pin, which will in turn initiate the Single Pulse output. When the STON bit transitions to a high level, the counter will start running and the pulse leading edge will be generated. The STON bit should remain high when the pulse is in its active state. The generated pulse trailing edge will be generated when the STON bit is cleared to zero, which can be implemented using the application program or when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. Leading Edge Trailing Edge STON bit 0 1 STON bit 1 0 S/W Command SET“STON” or STCK Pin Transition S/W Command CLR“STON” or CCRA Compare �atch STP/STPB Output Pin Pulse Width = CCRA Value Single Pulse Generation Rev. 1.00 74 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value STM [1:0] = 10 ; STIO [1:0] = 11 Counter stopped by CCRA Counter Reset when STON returns high CCRA Pause Counter Stops by software Resume CCRP Time STON Software Trigger Auto. set by STCK pin Cleared by CCRA match STCK pin Software Trigger Software Clear Software Trigger Software Trigger STCK pin Trigger STPAU STPOL No CCRP Interrupts generated CCRP Int. Flag STMPF CCRA Int. Flag STMAF STM O/P Pin (STOC=1) STM O/P Pin (STOC=0) Output Inverts when STPOL = 1 Pulse Width set by CCRA Single Pulse Mode Note: 1. Counter stopped by CCRA match 2. CCRP is not used 3. The pulse is triggered by setting the STON bit high 4. In the Single Pulse Mode, STIO [1:0] must be set to “11” and can not be changed. Rev. 1.00 75 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM However a compare match from Comparator A will also automatically clear the STON bit and thus generate the Single Pulse output trailing edge. In this way the CCRA value can be used to control the pulse width. A compare match from Comparator A will also generate a STM interrupt. The counter can only be reset back to zero when the STON bit changes from low to high when the counter restarts. In the Single Pulse Mode CCRP is not used. The STCCLR and STDPX bits are not used in this Mode. Capture Input Mode To select this mode bits STM1 and STM0 in the STMC1 register should be set to 01 respectively. This mode enables external signals to capture and store the present value of the internal counter and can therefore be used for applications such as pulse width measurements. The external signal is supplied on the STPI, whose active edge can be either a rising edge, a falling edge or both rising and falling edges; the active edge transition type is selected using the STIO1 and STIO0 bits in the STMC1 register. The counter is started when the STON bit changes from low to high which is initiated using the application program. When the required edge transition appears on the STPI the present value in the counter will be latched into the CCRA registers and a STM interrupt generated. Irrespective of what events occur on the STPI the counter will continue to free run until the STON bit changes from high to low. When a CCRP compare match occurs the counter will reset back to zero; in this way the CCRP value can be used to control the maximum counter value. When a CCRP compare match occurs from Comparator P, a STM interrupt will also be generated. Counting the number of overflow interrupt signals from the CCRP can be a useful method in measuring long pulse widths. The STIO1 and STIO0 bits can select the active trigger edge on the STPI to be a rising edge, falling edge or both edge types. If the STIO1 and STIO0 bits are both set high, then no capture operation will take place irrespective of what happens on the STPI, however it must be noted that the counter will continue to run.The STCCLR and STDPX bits are not used in this Mode. Rev. 1.00 76 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value STM [1:0] = 01 Counter cleared by CCRP Counter Stop Counter Reset CCRP YY Pause Resume XX Time STON STPAU Active edge Active edge Active edge STM capture pin STPI CCRA Int. Flag STMAF CCRP Int. Flag STMPF CCRA Value STIO [1:0] Value XX 00 – Rising edge YY 01 – Falling edge XX 10 – Both edges YY 11 – Disable Capture Capture Input Mode Note: 1. STM[1:0]=01 and active edge set by the STIO[1:0] bits 2. A TM Capture input pin active edge transfers the counter value to CCRA 3. The STCCLR and STDPX bits are not used 4. No output function – STOC and STPOL bits are not used 5. CCRP determines the counter value and the counter has a maximum count value when CCRP is equal to zero. Rev. 1.00 77 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Periodic Type TM – PTM The Periodic Type TM contains five operating modes, which are Compare Match Output, Timer/ Event Counter, Capture Input, Single Pulse Output and PWM Output modes. The Periodic TM can also be controlled with two external input pins and can drive two external output pins. Device HT66F302/HT66F303 Name TM Input Pin TM Output Pin 10-bit PTM PTCK, PTPI PTP, PTPB Note: For the HT66F302, the PTP and PTPB pins are not bonded to external pins. Periodic TM Operation At its core is a 10-bit count-up counter which is driven by a user selectable internal or external clock source. There are two internal comparators with the names, Comparator A and Comparator P. These comparators will compare the value in the counter with the CCRA and CCRP registers. The only way of changing the value of the 10-bit counter using the application program, is to clear the counter by changing the PTON bit from low to high. The counter will also be cleared automatically by a counter overflow or a compare match with one of its associated comparators. When these conditions occur, a TM interrupt signal will also usually be generated. The Periodic Type TM can operate in a number of different operational modes, can be driven by different clock sources including an input pin and can also control the output pin. All operating setup conditions are selected using relevant internal registers. CCRP fSYS/4 fSYS fH/1� fH/�4 fTBC fTBC PTCK 000 001 010 011 100 101 PTON 110 PTPAU 111 PTCK�~PTCK0 10-bit Comparator P Comparator P �atch PT�PF Interrupt PTOC b0~b9 10-bit Count-up Counter PTCCLR b0~b9 10-bit Comparator A CCRA Output Control Polarit� Control Pin Control PT�1� PT�0 PTIO1� PTIO0 PTPOL PBSn Counter Clear 0 1 Comparator A �atch PTP PTPB PT�AF Interrupt PTIO1� PTIO0 PTCKS Edge Detector 0 1 PTPI Periodic Type TM Block Diagram Periodic Type TM Register Description Overall operation of the Periodic TM is controlled using a series of registers. A read only register pair exists to store the internal counter 10-bit value, while two read/write register pairs exist to store the internal 10-bit CCRA and CCRP value. The remaining two registers are control registers which setup the different operating and control modes. Rev. 1.00 78 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 PTMC0 PTPAU PTCK2 PTCK1 PTCK0 PTON — — — PTMC1 PTM1 PTM0 PTIO1 PTIO0 PTOC PTPOL PTCKS PTCCLR D0 3 2 1 0 PTMDL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 PTMDH — — — — — — D9 D8 PTMAL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PTMAH — — — — — — D9 D8 PTMRPL D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PTMRPH — — — — — — D9 D8 10-bit Periodic TM Register List PTMC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PTPAU PTCK2 PTCK1 PTCK0 PTON — — — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — — — POR 0 0 0 0 0 — — — Bit 7PTPAU: PTM Counter Pause Control 0: run 1: pause The counter can be paused by setting this bit high. Clearing the bit to zero restores normal counter operation. When in a Pause condition the TM will remain powered up and continue to consume power. The counter will retain its residual value when this bit changes from low to high and resume counting from this value when the bit changes to a low value again. Bit 6~4PTCK2~PTCK0: Select PTM Counter clock 000: fSYS/4 001: fSYS 010: fH/16 011: fH/64 100: fTBC 101: fTBC 110: PTCK rising edge clock 111: PTCK falling edge clock These three bits are used to select the clock source for the TM. The external pin clock source can be chosen to be active on the rising or falling edge. The clock source fSYS is the system clock, while fTBC is another internal clock, the details of which can be found in the oscillator section. Bit 3PTON: PTM Counter On/Off Control 0: Off 1: On This bit controls the overall on/off function of the TM. Setting the bit high enables the counter to run, clearing the bit disables the TM. Clearing this bit to zero will stop the counter from counting and turn off the TM which will reduce its power consumption. When the bit changes state from low to high the internal counter value will be reset to zero, however when the bit changes from high to low, the internal counter will retain its residual value until the bit returns high again. If the TM is in the Compare Match Output Mode then the TM output pin will be reset to its initial condition, as specified by the TM Output control bit, when the bit changes from low to high. Bit 2~0 Rev. 1.00 Unimplemented, read as “0” 79 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM PTMC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name PTM1 PTM0 PTIO1 PTIO0 PTOC PTPOL PTCKS PTCCLR R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~6PTM1~PTM0: Select PTM Operation Mode 00: Compare Match Output Mode 01: Capture Input Mode 10: PWM Mode or Single Pulse Output Mode 11: Timer/Counter Mode These bits setup the required operating mode for the TM. To ensure reliable operation the TM should be switched off before any changes are made to the PTM1 and PTM0 bits. In the Timer/Counter Mode, the PTM output pin state is undefined. Bit 5~4PTIO1~PTIO0: Select PTM output function Compare Match Output Mode 00: No change 01: Output low 10: Output high 11: Toggle output PWM Mode/Single Pulse Output Mode 00: PWM Output inactive state 01: PWM Output active state 10: PWM output 11: Single pulse output Capture Input Mode 00: Input capture at rising edge of PTPI 01: Input capture at falling edge of PTPI 10: Input capture at falling/rising edge of PTPI 11: Input capture disabled Timer/counter Mode Unused These two bits are used to determine how the TM output pin changes state when a certain condition is reached. The function that these bits select depends upon in which mode the TM is running. In the Compare Match Output Mode, the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits determine how the TM output pin changes state when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. The TM output pin can be setup to switch high, switch low or to toggle its present state when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. When these bits are both zero, then no change will take place on the output. The initial value of the TM output pin should be setup using the PTOC bit. Note that the output level requested by the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits must be different from the initial value setup using the PTOC bit otherwise no change will occur on the TM output pin when a compare match occurs. After the TM output pin changes state, it can be reset to its initial level by changing the level of the PTON bit from low to high. In the PWM Mode, the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits determine how the TM output pin changes state when a certain compare match condition occurs. The PWM output function is modified by changing these two bits. It is necessary to change the values of the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits only after the TM has been switched off. Unpredictable PWM outputs will occur if the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits are changed when the TM is running. Rev. 1.00 80 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Bit 3PTOC: PTP/PTPB Output control bit Compare Match Output Mode 0: Initial low 1: Initial high PWM Mode/ Single Pulse Output Mode 0: Active low 1: Active high This is the output control bit for the TM output pin. Its operation depends upon whether TM is being used in the Compare Match Output Mode or in the PWM Mode/ Single Pulse Output Mode. It has no effect if the TM is in the Timer/Counter Mode. In the Compare Match Output Mode it determines the logic level of the TM output pin before a compare match occurs. In the PWM Mode it determines if the PWM signal is active high or active low. Bit 2PTPOL: PTP/PTPB Output polarity Control 0: non-invert 1: invert This bit controls the polarity of the PTP/PTPB output pin. When the bit is set high the TM output pin will be inverted and not inverted when the bit is zero. It has no effect if the TM is in the Timer/Counter Mode. Bit 1PTCKS: PTM capture trigger source select 0: From PTPI 1: From PTCK pin Bit 0PTCCLR: Select PTM Counter clear condition 0: PTM Comparatror P match 1: PTM Comparatror A match This bit is used to select the method which clears the counter. Remember that the Periodic TM contains two comparators, Comparator A and Comparator P, either of which can be selected to clear the internal counter. With the PTCCLR bit set high, the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from the Comparator A. When the bit is low, the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from the Comparator P or with a counter overflow. A counter overflow clearing method can only be implemented if the CCRP bits are all cleared to zero. The PTCCLR bit is not used in the PWM, Single Pulse or Input Capture Mode. PTMDL Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R R R R R R R R POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0PTMDL: PTM Counter Low Byte Register bit 7~bit 0 PTM 10-bit Counter bit 7~bit 0 PTMDH Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — D9 D8 R/W — — — — — — R R POR — — — — — — 0 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 1~0PTMDH: PTM Counter High Byte Register bit 1~bit 0 PTM 10-bit Counter bit 9~bit 8 Rev. 1.00 81 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM PTMAL Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0PTMAL: PTM CCRA Low Byte Register bit 7~bit 0 PTM 10-bit CCRA bit 7~bit 0 PTMAH Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — D9 D8 R/W — — — — — — R/W R/W POR — — — — — — 0 0 2 1 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 1~0PTMAH: PTM CCRA High Byte Register bit 1~bit 0 PTM 10-bit CCRA bit 9~bit 8 PTMRPL Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 Name D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7~0PTMRPL: PTM CCRP Low Byte Register bit 7~bit 0 PTM 10-bit CCRP bit 7~bit 0 PTMRPH Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — D9 D8 R/W — — — — — — R/W R/W POR — — — — — — 0 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 1~0PTMRPH: PTM CCRP High Byte Register bit 1~bit 0 PTM 10-bit CCRP bit 9~bit 8 Rev. 1.00 82 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Periodic Type TM Operating Modes The Periodic Type TM can operate in one of five operating modes, Compare Match Output Mode, PWM Output Mode, Single Pulse Output Mode, Capture Input Mode or Timer/Counter Mode. The operating mode is selected using the PTM1 and PTM0 bits in the PTMC1 register. Compare Match Output Mode To select this mode, bits PTM1 and PTM0 in the PTMC1 register, should be all cleared to 00 respectively. In this mode once the counter is enabled and running it can be cleared by three methods. These are a counter overflow, a compare match from Comparator A and a compare match from Comparator P. When the PTCCLR bit is low, there are two ways in which the counter can be cleared. One is when a compare match occurs from Comparator P, the other is when the CCRP bits are all zero which allows the counter to overflow. Here both the PTMAF and PTMPF interrupt request flags for Comparator Aand Comparator P respectively, will both be generated. If the PTCCLR bit in the PTMC1 register is high then the counter will be cleared when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. However, here only the PTMAF interrupt request flag will be generated even if the value of the CCRP bits is less than that of the CCRA registers. Therefore when PTCCLR is high no PTMPF interrupt request flag will be generated. In the Compare Match Output Mode, the CCRA can not be set to “0”. If the CCRA bits are all zero, the counter will overflow when its reaches its maximum 10-bit, 3FF Hex, value, however here the PTMAF interrupt request flag will not be generated. As the name of the mode suggests, after a comparison is made, the TM output pin, will change state. The TM output pin condition however only changes state when a PTMAF interrupt request flag is generated after a compare match occurs from Comparator A. The PTMPF interrupt request flag, generated from a compare match from Comparator P, will have no effect on the TM output pin. The way in which the TM output pin changes state are determined by the condition of the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits in the PTMC1 register. The TM output pin can be selected using the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits to go high, to go low or to toggle from its present condition when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. The initial condition of the TM output pin, which is setup after the PTON bit changes from low to high, is setup using the PTOC bit. Note that if the PTIO1, PTIO0 bits are zero then no pin change will take place. Rev. 1.00 83 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter overflow Counter Value 0x3FF PTCCLR = 0; PTM [1:0] = 00 CCRP > 0 Counter cleared by CCRP value CCRP=0 CCRP > 0 Counter Restart Resume CCRP Pause CCRA Stop Time PTON PTPAU PTPOL CCRP Int. Flag PTMPF CCRA Int. Flag PTMAF PTM O/P Pin Output pin set to initial Level Low if PTOC=0 Output not affected by PTMAF flag. Remains High until reset by PTON bit Output Toggle with PTMAF flag Here PTIO [1:0] = 11 Toggle Output select Note PTIO [1:0] = 10 Active High Output select Output Inverts when PTPOL is high Output Pin Reset to Initial value Output controlled by other pin-shared function Compare Match Output Mode – PTCCLR=0 Note: 1. With PTCCLR=0 – a Comparator P match will clear the counter 2. The TM output pin is controlled only by the PTMAF flag 3. The output pin is reset to initial state by a PTON bit rising edge Rev. 1.00 84 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value PTCCLR = 1; PTM [1:0] = 00 CCRA = 0 Counter overflow CCRA > 0 Counter cleared by CCRA value 0x3FF CCRA=0 Resume CCRA Pause Stop Counter Restart CCRP Time PTON PTPAU PTPOL No PTMAF flag generated on CCRA overflow CCRA Int. Flag PTMAF CCRP Int. Flag PTMPF PTMPF not generated Output does not change PTM O/P Pin Output pin set to initial Level Low if PTOC=0 Output Toggle with PTMAF flag Here PTIO [1:0] = 11 Toggle Output select Output not affected by PTMAF flag. Remains High until reset by PTON bit Note PTIO [1:0] = 10 Active High Output select Output Inverts when PTPOL is high Output Pin Reset to Initial value Output controlled by other pin-shared function Compare Match Output Mode – PTCCLR=1 Note: 1. With PTCCLR=1 – a Comparator A match will clear the counter 2. The TM output pin is controlled only by the PTMAF flag 3. The output pin is reset to initial state by a PTON rising edge 4. The PTMPF flag is not generated when PTCCLR=1 Rev. 1.00 85 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Timer/Counter Mode To select this mode, bits PTM1 and PTM0 in the PTMC1 register should all be set to 11 respectively. The Timer/Counter Mode operates in an identical way to the Compare Match Output Mode generating the same interrupt flags. The exception is that in the Timer/Counter Mode the TM output pin is not used. Therefore the above description and Timing Diagrams for the Compare Match Output Mode can be used to understand its function. As the TM output pin is not used in this mode, the pin can be used as a normal I/O pin or other pin-shared function. PWM Output Mode To select this mode, bits PTM1 and PTM0 in the PTMC1 register should be set to 10 respectively and also the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits should be set to 10 respectively. The PWM function within the TM is useful for applications which require functions such as motor control, heating control, illumination control etc. By providing a signal of fixed frequency but of varying duty cycle on the TM output pin, a square wave AC waveform can be generated with varying equivalent DC RMS values. As both the period and duty cycle of the PWM waveform can be controlled, the choice of generated waveform is extremely flexible. In the PWM mode, the PTCCLR bit has no effect as the PWM period. Both of the CCRP and CCRA registers are used to generate the PWM waveform, one register is used to clear the internal counter and thus control the PWM waveform frequency, while the other one is used to control the duty cycle. The PWM waveform frequency and duty cycle can therefore be controlled by the values in the CCRA and CCRP registers. An interrupt flag, one for each of the CCRA and CCRP, will be generated when a compare match occurs from either Comparator A or Comparator P. The PTOC bit in the PTMC1 register is used to select the required polarity of the PWM waveform while the two PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits are used to enable the PWM output or to force the TM output pin to a fixed high or low level. The PTPOL bit is used to reverse the polarity of the PWM output waveform. • 10-bit PWM Mode, PWM Mode CCRP 1~1023 0 Period 1~1023 1024 Duty CCRA If fSYS=8MHz, TM clock source select fSYS/4, CCRP=512 and CCRA=128, The PTM PWM output frequency=(fSYS/4) / (2×256)=fSYS/2048=3.90625kHz, duty=128/512=25%, If the Duty value defined by the CCRA register is equal to or greater than the Period value, then the PWM output duty is 100%. Rev. 1.00 86 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value PTM [1:0] = 10 Counter cleared by CCRP Counter Reset when PTON returns high CCRP Pause Resume Counter Stop if PTON bit low CCRA Time PTON PTPAU PTPOL CCRA Int. Flag PTMAF CCRP Int. Flag PTMPF PTM O/P Pin (PTOC=1) PTM O/P Pin (PTOC=0) PWM Duty Cycle set by CCRA PWM resumes operation Output controlled by Output Inverts other pin-shared function When PTPOL = 1 PWM Period set by CCRP PWM Output Mode Note: 1. Here Counter cleared by CCRP 2. A counter clear sets the PWM Period 3. The internal PWM function continues running even when PTIO[1:0]=00 or 01 4. The PTCCLR bit has no influence on PWM operation Rev. 1.00 87 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Single Pulse Output Mode To select this mode, the required bit pairs, PTM1 and PTM0 should be set to 10 respectively and also the corresponding PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits should be set to 11 respectively. The Single Pulse Output Mode, as the name suggests, will generate a single shot pulse on the TM output pin. The trigger for the pulse output leading edge is a low to high transition of the PTON bit, which can be implemented using the application program. However in the Single Pulse Mode, the PTON bit can also be made to automatically change from low to high using the external PTCK pin, which will in turn initiate the Single Pulse output. When the PTON bit transitions to a high level, the counter will start running and the pulse leading edge will be generated. The PTON bit should remain high when the pulse is in its active state. The generated pulse trailing edge will be generated when the PTON bit is cleared to zero, which can be implemented using the application program or when a compare match occurs from Comparator A. However a compare match from Comparator A will also automatically clear the PTON bit and thus generate the Single Pulse output trailing edge. In this way the CCRA value can be used to control the pulse width. A compare match from Comparator A will also generate TM interrupts. The counter can only be reset back to zero when the PTON bit changes from low to high when the counter restarts. In the Single Pulse Mode CCRP is not used. The PTCCLR bit is also not used. Leading Edge Trailing Edge PTON bit 0→1 PTON bit 1→0 S/W Command SET“PTON” or PTCK Pin Transition S/W Command CLR“PTON” or CCRA Compare Match PTP/PTPB Output Pin Pulse Width = CCRA Value Single Pulse Generation Rev. 1.00 88 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value PTM [1:0] = 10 ; PTIO [1:0] = 11 Counter stopped by CCRA Counter Reset when PTON returns high CCRA Pause Counter Stops by software Resume CCRP Time PTON Software Trigger Cleared by CCRA match Auto. set by PTCK pin PTCK pin Software Trigger Software Trigger Software Software Trigger Clear PTCK pin Trigger PTPAU PTPOL CCRP Int. Flag PTMPF No CCRP Interrupts generated CCRA Int. Flag PTMAF PTM O/P Pin (PTOC=1) PTM O/P Pin (PTOC=0) Pulse Width set by CCRA Output Inverts when PTPOL = 1 Single Pulse Mode Note: 1. Counter stopped by CCRA 2. CCRP is not used 3. The pulse is triggered by the PTCK pin or by setting the PTON bit high 4. A PTCK pin active edge will automatically set the PTON bit high 5. In the Single Pulse Mode, PTIO [1:0] must be set to “11” and can not be changed. Rev. 1.00 89 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Capture Input Mode To select this mode bits PTM1 and PTM0 in the PTMC1 register should be set to 01 respectively. This mode enables external signals to capture and store the present value of the internal counter and can therefore be used for applications such as pulse width measurements. The external signal is supplied on the PTPI or PTCK pin, selected by the PTCKS bit in the PTMC1 register. The input pin active edge can be either a rising edge, a falling edge or both rising and falling edges; the active edge transition type is selected using the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits in the PTMC1 register. The counter is started when the PTON bit changes from low to high which is initiated using the application program. When the required edge transition appears on the PTPI or PTCK pin the present value in the counter will be latched into the CCRA register and a TM interrupt generated. Irrespective of what events occur on the PTPI or PTCK pin the counter will continue to free run until the PTON bit changes from high to low. When a CCRP compare match occurs the counter will reset back to zero; in this way the CCRP value can be used to control the maximum counter value. When a CCRP compare match occurs from Comparator P, a TM interrupt will also be generated. Counting the number of overflow interrupt signals from the CCRP can be a useful method in measuring long pulse widths. The PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits can select the active trigger edge on the PTPI or PTCK pin to be a rising edge, falling edge or both edge types. If the PTIO1 and PTIO0 bits are both set high, then no capture operation will take place irrespective of what happens on the PTPI or PTCK pin, however it must be noted that the counter will continue to run. As the PTPI or PTCK pin is pin shared with other functions, care must be taken if the PTM is in the Capture Input Mode. This is because if the pin is setup as an output, then any transitions on this pin may cause an input capture operation to be executed. The PTCCLR, PTOC and PTPOL bits are not used in this Mode. Rev. 1.00 90 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Counter Value PTM [1:0] = 01 Counter cleared b� CCRP Counter Stop Counter Reset CCRP YY Resume Pause XX Time PTON PTPAU Active edge Active edge Active edge PT� capture pin PTPI or PTCK CCRA Int. Flag PT�AF CCRP Int. Flag PT�PF CCRA Value PTIO [1:0] Value XX 00 – Rising edge YY 01 – Falling edge XX 10 – Both edges YY 11 – Disable Capture Capture Input Mode Note: 1. PTM[1:0]=01 and active edge set by the PTIO[1:0] bits 2. A TM Capture input pin active edge transfers counter value to CCRA 3. The PTCCLR bit is not used 4. No output function – PTOC and PTPOL bits are not used 5. CCRP determines the counter value and the counter has a maximum count value when CCRP is equal to zero Rev. 1.00 91 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Analog to Digital Converter – ADC The need to interface to real world analog signals is a common requirement for many electronic systems. However, to properly process these signals by a microcontroller, they must first be converted into digital signals by A/D converters. By integrating the A/D conversion electronic circuitry into the microcontroller, the need for external components is reduced significantly with the corresponding follow-on benefits of lower costs and reduced component space requirements. A/D Overview The devices contain a multi-channel analog to digital converter which can directly interface to external analog signals, such as that from sensors or other control signals and convert these signals directly into a 12-bit digital value. The external or internal analog signal to be converted is determined by the SAINS and SACS bit fields. Note that when the internal analog signal is to be converted, the selected external input channel will automatically be disconnected to avoid malfunction. More detailed information about the A/D input signal is described in the “A/D Converter Control Registers” and “A/D Converter Input Signal” sections respectively. Device HT66F302/HT66F303 Input Channels A/D Channel Select Bits Input Pins 4 SAINS2~SAINS0, SACS1~SACS0 AN0~AN3 The accompanying block diagram shows the overall internal structure of the A/D converter, together with its associated registers. AVDD fSYS Pin-shared selection SACS1~SACS0 AN0 ÷ 2N (N=0~7) SACKS2~ SACKS0 ENADC AVSS A/D Clock AN1 ADRFS SADOL A/D Converter A/D Data Registers SADOH AN3 A/D Reference Voltage START ADBZ ENADC SAINS2~SAINS0 VREFO SAVRS3~SAVRS0 VREFO AVDD AVDD/2 AVDD/4 VBG (1.0V) VRI OPA VREFI (Gain=1~4) VREFI ENOPA AVDD VR A/D Converter Structure Rev. 1.00 92 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A/D Converter Register Description Overall operation of the A/D converter is controlled using six registers. A read only register pair exists to store the ADC data 12-bit value. The remaining four registers are control registers which setup the operating and control function of the A/D converter. Bit Register Name SADOL(ADRFS=0) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D3 D2 D1 D0 — — — — SADOL(ADRFS=1) D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 SADOH(ADRFS=0) D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 SADOH(ADRFS=1) — — — — D11 D10 D9 D8 SADC0 START ADBZ ENADC ADRFS — — SACS1 SACS0 SADC1 SAINS2 SAINS1 SAINS0 — — SACKS2 SACKS1 SACKS0 SADC2 ENOPA VBGEN VREFI VREFO SAVRS3 SAVRS2 SAVRS1 SAVRS0 PAS7 PAS6 PAS5 PAS4 PAS3 PAS2 PAS1 PAS0 PASR A/D Converter Register List A/D Converter Data Registers – SADOL, SADOH As the devices contain an internal 12-bit A/D converter, it requires two data registers to store the converted value. These are a high byte register, known as SADOH, and a low byte register, known as SADOL. After the conversion process takes place, these registers can be directly read by the microcontroller to obtain the digitised conversion value. As only 12 bits of the 16-bit register space is utilised, the format in which the data is stored is controlled by the ADRFS bit in the SADC0 register as shown in the accompanying table. D0~D11 are the A/D conversion result data bits. Any unused bits will be read as zero. Note that the A/D converter data register contents will be cleared to zero if the A/D converter is disabled. ADRFS 0 1 SADOH 7 6 5 D11 D10 D9 0 0 0 SADOL 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 0 0 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 A/D Data Registers A/D Converter Control Registers – SADC0, SADC1, SADC2, PASR To control the function and operation of the A/D converter, several control registers known as SADC0, SADC1 and SADC2 are provided. These 8-bit registers define functions such as the selection of which analog channel is connected to the internal A/D converter, the digitised data format, the A/D clock source as well as controlling the start function and monitoring the A/D converter busy status. As the devices contain only one actual analog to digital converter hardware circuit, each of the external and internal analog signals must be routed to the converter. The SACS1~SACS0 bits in the SADC0 register are used to determine which external channel input is selected to be converted. The SAINS2~SAINS0 bits in the SADC1 register are used to determine that the analog signal to be converted comes from the internal analog signal or external analog channel input. If the SAINS2~SAINS0 bits are set to “000” or “100”, the external analog channel input is selected to be converted and the SACS1~SACS0 bits can determine which external channel is selected to be converted. If the SAINS2~SAINS0 bits are set to any other values except “000” and “100”, one of the internal analog signals is selected to be converted. The internal analog signals can be derived from the A/D converter supply power, AVDD, with a specific ratio of 1, 1/2 or 1/4. If the internal analog signal is selected to be converted, the external channel signal input will automatically be switched off to avoid the signal contention. Rev. 1.00 93 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM The pin-shared function control register named PASR, contains the corresponding pin-shared selection bits which determine which pins on Port A are used as analog inputs for the A/D converter input and which pins are not to be used as the A/D converter input. When the pin is selected to be an A/D input, its original function whether it is an I/O or other pin-shared function will be removed. In addition, any internal pull-high resistors connected to these pins will be automatically removed if the pin is selected to be an A/D input. SAINS [2:0] SACS [1:0] Input Signals 000, 100 00~11 AN0~AN3 Description 001 xxx VDD 010 xxx VDD/2 A/D converter power supply voltage/2 011 xxx VDD/4 A/D converter power supply voltage/4 External channel analog input A/D converter power supply voltage A/D Converter Input Signal Selection SADC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name START ADBZ ENADC R/W R/W R R/W ADRFS ─ ─ SACS1 SACS0 R/W ─ ─ R/W POR 0 0 0 R/W 0 ─ ─ 0 0 Bit 7START: Start the A/D conversion 0 → 1 → 0: Start A/D conversion 0 → 1: Reset the A/D converter and set ADBZ to 0 1 → 0: Start A/D conversion and set ADBZ to 1 This bit is used to initiate an A/D conversion process. The bit is normally low but if set high and then cleared low again, the A/D converter will initiate a conversion process. Bit 6ADBZ: A/D Converter busy flag 0: No A/D conversion is in progress 1: A/D conversion is in progress This read only flag is used to indicate whether the A/D conversion is in progress or not. When the START bit is set from low to high and then to low again, the ADBZ flag will be set high to indicate that the A/D conversion is initiated. The ADBZ flag will be cleared to zero after the A/D conversion is complete. Bit 5ENADC: A/D Converter function enable control 0: Disable 1: Enable This bit controls the A/D internal function. This bit should be set high to enable the A/ D converter. If the bit is set low, then the A/D converter will be switched off reducing the device power consumption. When the A/D converter function is disabled, the contents of the A/D data register pair, SADOH and SADOL, will be cleared to zero. Bit 4ADRFS: A/D Converter data format control 0: ADC output data format → SADOH=D[11:4]; SADOL=D[3:0] 1: ADC output data format → SADOH=D[11:8]; SADOL=D[7:0] This bit controls the format of the 12-bit converted A/D value in the two A/D data registers. Details are provided in the A/D converter data register section. Bit 3~2 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 1~0SACS1~SACS0: A/D converter external analog input channel selection 00: AN0 01: AN1 10: AN2 11: AN3 Rev. 1.00 94 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SADC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name SAINS2 SAINS1 SAINS0 ─ ─ SACKS2 SACKS1 SACKS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W ─ ─ R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 ─ ─ 0 0 0 Bit 7~5SAINS2~SAINS0: A/D converter input signal selection 000, 100: External signal – External analog channel input 001: Internal signal – Internal A/D converter power supply voltage AVDD 010: Internal signal – Internal A/D converter power supply voltage AVDD/2 011: Internal signal – Internal A/D converter power supply voltage AVDD/4 101, 110, 111: Reserved When the internal analog signal is selected to be converted, the external channel input signal will automatically be switched off regardless of the SACS1~SACS0 bit field value. Bit 4~3 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 2~0SACKS2~SACKS0: A/D conversion clock source selection 000: fSYS 001: fSYS/2 010: fSYS/4 011: fSYS/8 100: fSYS/16 101: fSYS/32 110: fSYS/64 111: fSYS/128 SADC2 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name ENOPA VBGEN VREFI VREFO SAVRS3 SAVRS2 SAVRS1 SAVRS0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7ENOPA: A/D converter OPA enable/disable control 0: Disable 1: Enable This bit controls the internal OPA function to provide various reference voltage for the A/D converter. When the bit is set high, the internal reference voltage, VR, can be used as the internal converter signal or reference voltage by the A/D converter. If the internal reference voltage is not used by the A/D converter, then the OPA function should be properly configured to conserve power. Bit 6VBGEN: Internal Bandgap reference voltage enable control 0: Disable 1: Enable This is controls the internal Bandgap circuit on/off function to the A/D converter. When the bit is set high, the Bandgap reference voltage can be used by the A/D converter. If the Bandgap reference voltage is not used by the A/D converter and the LVR function is disabled, then the bandgap reference circuit will be automatically switched off to conserve power. When the Bandgap reference voltage is switched on for use by the A/D converter, a time, tBGS, should be allowed for the Bandgap circuit to stabilise before implementing an A/D conversion. Rev. 1.00 95 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Bit 5VREFI: VREFI input control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 4VREFO: VREFO output control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 3~0SAVRS3~SAVRS0: A/D converter reference voltage selection 0000: AVDD 0001: VREFI 0010: VREFI × 2 0011: VREFI × 3 0100: VREFI × 4 1001: Inhibit to use 1010: VBG × 2 1011: VBG × 3 1100: VBG × 4 Others: AVDD When the A/D converter reference voltage source is selected to derive from the internal VBG voltage, the reference voltage which comes from the AVDD or VREFI pin will be automatically switched off. A/D Operation The START bit is used to start and reset the A/D converter. When the microcontroller sets this bit from low to high and then low again, an analog to digital conversion cycle will be initiated. When the START bit is brought from low to high but not low again, the ADBZ bit in the SADC0 register will be cleared to zero and the analog to digital converter will be reset. It is the START bit that is used to control the overall start operation of the internal analog to digital converter. The ADBZ bit in the SADC0 register is used to indicate whether the analog to digital conversion process is in process or not. When the A/D converter is reset by setting the START bit from low to high, the ADBZ flag will be cleared to “0”. This bit will be automatically set to “1” by the microcontroller after an A/D conversion is successfully initiated. When the A/D conversion is complete, the ADBZ will be cleared to “0”. In addition, the corresponding A/D interrupt request flag will be set in the interrupt control register, and if the interrupts are enabled, an appropriate internal interrupt signal will be generated. This A/D internal interrupt signal will direct the program flow to the associated A/D internal interrupt address for processing. If the A/D internal interrupt is disabled, the microcontroller can be used to poll the ADBZ bit in the SADC0 register to check whether it has been cleared as an alternative method of detecting the end of an A/D conversion cycle. The clock source for the A/D converter, which originates from the system clock fSYS, can be chosen to be either fSYS or a subdivided version of fSYS. The division ratio value is determined by the SACKS2~SACKS0 bits in the SADC1 register. Although the A/D clock source is determined by the system clock fSYS, and by bits SACKS2~SACKS0, there are some limitations on the maximum A/D clock source speed that can be selected. As the recommended value of permissible A/D clock period, tADCK, is from 0.5μs to 10μs, care must be taken for system clock frequencies. For example, if the system clock operates at a frequency of 4MHz, the SACKS2~SACKS0 bits should not be set to “000”, “110” or “111”. Doing so will give A/D clock periods that are less than the minimum A/D clock period or greater than the maximum A/D clock period which may result in inaccurate A/D conversion values. Refer to the following table for examples, where values marked with an asterisk * show where, depending upon the device, special care must be taken. Rev. 1.00 96 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A/D Clock Period (tADCK) fSYS SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =000 (fSYS) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =001 (fSYS/2) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =010 (fSYS/4) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =011 (fSYS/8) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =100 (fSYS/16) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =101 (fSYS/32) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =110 (fSYS/64) SACKS2, SACKS1, SACKS0 =111 (fSYS/128) 1MHz 1μs 2μs 4μs 8μs 16μs* 32μs* 64μs* 128μs* 2MHz 500ns 1μs 2μs 4μs 8μs 16μs* 32μs* 64μs* 4MHz 250ns* 500ns 1μs 2μs 4μs 8μs 16μs* 32μs* 8MHz 125ns* 250ns* 500ns 1μs 2μs 4μs 8μs 16μs* A/D Clock Period Examples Controlling the power on/off function of the A/D converter circuitry is implemented using the ENADC bit in the SADC0 register. This bit must be set high to power on the A/D converter. When the ENADC bit is set high to power on the A/D converter internal circuitry a certain delay, as indicated in the timing diagram, must be allowed before an A/D conversion is initiated. Even if no pins are selected for use as A/D inputs by configuring the corresponding pin control bits, if the ENADC bit is high then some power will still be consumed. In power conscious applications it is therefore recommended that the ENADC is set low to reduce power consumption when the A/D converter function is not being used. A/D Reference Voltage The reference voltage supply to the A/D Converter can be supplied from the positive power supply pin, AVDD, an external reference source supplied on pin VREFI or an internal reference source derived from the Bandgap circuit. Then the selected reference voltage source can be amplified through an operational amplifier except the one sourced from AVDD. The OPA gain can be equal to 1, 2, 3 or 4. The desired selection is made using the SAVRS3~SAVRS0 bits in the SADC2 register and relevant pin function control bits. Note that the desired selected reference voltage will be output on the VREFO pin which is pin-shared with other functions. As the VREFI and VREFO pins both are pin-shared with other functions, when the VREFI or VREFO pin is selected as the reference voltage supply pin, the pin function control bit VREFI or VREFO should be set high to disable other pin-shared functions. When VREFI or VBG is selected by ADC reference voltage, the OPA needs to be enabled by setting the ENOPA bit to “1”. In addition, if the programs select external reference voltage VREFI and the internal reference voltage VBG as ADC reference voltage, then the hardware will only choose the internal reference voltage VBG as an ADC reference voltage input. SAVRS[3:0] Reference 0000/others AVDD ADC Reference Voltage comes from AVDD Description 0001 VREF ADC Reference Voltage comes from External VREFI 0010 VREF×2 ADC Reference Voltage comes from External VREFI×2 0011 VREF×3 ADC Reference Voltage comes from External VREFI×3 0100 VREF×4 ADC Reference Voltage comes from External VREFI×4 1010 VBG×2 ADC Reference Voltage comes from VBG×2 1011 VBG×3 ADC Reference Voltage comes from VBG×3 1100 VBG×4 ADC Reference Voltage comes from VBG×4 A/D Converter Reference Voltage Selection Rev. 1.00 97 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A/D Converter Input Signal All of the A/D analog input pins are pin-shared with the I/O pins on Port A as well as other functions. The corredponding selection bits for each I/O pin in the PASR register, determine whether the input pins are setup as A/D converter analog inputs or whether they have other functions. If the pin-shared function control bits configure its corresponding pin as an A/D analog channel input, the pin will be setup to be an A/D converter external channel input and the original pin functions disabled. In this way, pins can be changed under program control to change their function between A/D inputs and other functions. All pull-high resistors, which are setup through register programming, will be automatically disconnected if the pins are setup as A/D inputs. Note that it is not necessary to first setup the A/D pin as an input in the PAC port control register to enable the A/D input as when the pin-shared function control bits enable an A/D input, the status of the port control register will be overridden. The A/D converter has its own reference voltage pin, VREFI. However the reference voltage can also be supplied from the power supply pin or an internal Bandgap circuit, a choice which is made through the SAVRS3~SAVRS0 bits in the SADC2 register. The selected A/D reference voltage can be output on the VREFO pin. The analog input values must not be allowed to exceed the value of VREFI. Conversion Rate and Timing Diagram A complete A/D conversion contains two parts, data sampling and data conversion. The data sampling which is defined as tADS takes 4 A/D clock cycles and the data conversion takes 12 A/D clock cycles. Therefore a total of 16 A/D clock cycles for an A/D conversion which is defined as tADC are necessary. Maximum single A/D conversion rate=A/D clock period /16 The accompanying diagram shows graphically the various stages involved in an analog to digital conversion process and its associated timing. After an A/D conversion process has been initiated by the application program, the microcontroller internal hardware will begin to carry out the conversion, during which time the program can continue with other functions. The time taken for the A/D conversion is 16tADCK clock cycles where tADCK is equal to the A/D clock period. tON2ST ENADC off on off A/D sampling time tADS A/D sampling time tADS Start of A/D conversion Start of A/D conversion on START ADBZ SACS[1:0] End of A/D conversion 11B A/D channel switch End of A/D conversion 10B tADC A/D conversion time Start of A/D conversion 00B tADC A/D conversion time 01B tADC A/D conversion time A/D Conversion Timing Rev. 1.00 98 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Summary of A/D Conversion Steps The following summarises the individual steps that should be executed in order to implement an A/D conversion process. • Step 1 Select the required A/D conversion clock by properly programming the SACKS2~SACKS0 bits in the SADC1 register. • Step 2 Enable the A/D converter by setting the ENADC bit in the SADC0 register to “1”. • Step 3 Select which signal is to be connected to the internal A/D converter by correctly configuring the SAINS2~SAINS0 bits. Select the external channel input to be converted, go to Step 4. Select the internal analog signal to be converted, go to Step 5. • Step 4 If the A/D input signal comes from the external channel input selecting by configuring the SAINS bit field, the corresponding pin should first be configured as A/D input function by configuring pin-shared function control bits in the PASR register. The desired analog channel then should be selected by configuring the SACS bit field. After this step, go to Step 6. • Step 5 Before the A/D input signal is selected to come from the internal analog signal by configuring the SAINS bit field, the relevant control bit must be first cleared to zero to disable the external channel input. The desired internal analog signal then can be selected by configuring the SAINS bit field. After this step, go to Step 6. • Step 6 Select the reference voltage source by configuring the SAVRS3~SAVRS0 bits. Note: If select VREFI as reference voltage, the VREFI bit must be set high. • Step 7 Select A/D converter output data format by configuring the ADRFS bit. • Step 8 If A/D conversion interrupt is used, the interrupt control registers must be correctly configured to ensure the A/D interrupt function is active. The master interrupt control bit, EMI, and the A/D converter interrupt bits, ADE, must both set high in advance. • Step 9 The A/D conversion procedure can now be initialised by setting the START bit from low to high and then low again. • Step 10 If A/D conversion is in progress, the ADBZ flag will be set high. After the A/D conversion process is completed, the ADBZ flag will go low and then output data can be read from the SADOH and SADOL registers. If the ADC interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, data can be acquired by interrupt service program. Note: When checking for the end of the conversion process, if the method of polling the ADBZ bit in the SADC0 register is used, the interrupt enable step above can be omitted. Rev. 1.00 99 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Programming Considerations During microcontroller operations where the A/D converter is not being used, the A/D internal circuitry can be switched off to reduce power consumption, by clearing the ENADC bit in the SADC0 register. When this happens, the internal A/D converter circuits will not consume power irrespective of what analog voltage is applied to their input lines. If the A/D converter input lines are used as normal I/Os, then care must be taken as if the input voltage is not at a valid logic level, then this may lead to some increase in power consumption. A/D Transfer Function As the devices contain a 12-bit A/D converter, its full-scale converted digitised value is equal to FFFH. Since the full-scale analog input value is equal to the actual A/D converter reference voltage, VREFO, this gives a single bit analog input value of VREFO divided by 4096. 1 LSB=VREFO / 4096 The A/D Converter input voltage value can be calculated using the following equation: A/D input voltage=A/D output digital value ×VREFO / 4096 The diagram shows the ideal transfer function between the analog input value and the digitised output value for the A/D converter. Except for the digitised zero value, the subsequent digitised values will change at a point 0.5 LSB below where they would change without the offset, and the last full scale digitised value will change at a point 1.5 LSB below the VREFO level. Note that here the VREFO voltage is the actual A/D converter reference voltage determined by the SAVRS field. Ideal A/D Transfer Function Rev. 1.00 100 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM A/D Programming Examples The following two programming examples illustrate how to setup and implement an A/D conversion. In the first example, the method of polling the ADBZ bit in the SADC0 register is used to detect when the conversion cycle is complete, whereas in the second example, the A/D interrupt is used to determine when the conversion is complete. Example: using an ADBZ polling method to detect the end of conversion clr ADE; mova,03H mov SADC1,a ; set ENADC mov a,01h ; mov PASR,a mova,20h mov SADC0,a ; : start_conversion: clr START ; set START ; clr START ; polling_EOC: sz ADBZ ; jmp polling_EOC ; mov a,SADOL ; mov SADOL_buffer,a ; mov a,SADOH ; mov SADOH_buffer,a ; : jmp start_conversion ; Rev. 1.00 disable ADC interrupt select fSYS/8 as A/D clock setup PASR to configure pin AN0 enable and connect AN0 channel to A/D converter high pulse on start bit to initiate conversion reset A/D start A/D poll the SADC0 register ADBZ bit to detect end of A/D conversion continue polling read low byte conversion result value save result to user defined register read high byte conversion result value save result to user defined register start next A/D conversion 101 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Example: using the interrupt method to detect the end of conversion clr ADE ; mova,03H mov SADC1,a ; set ENADC mov a,01h ; mov PASR,a mova,20h mov SADC0,a ; Start_conversion: clr START ; set START ; clr START ; clr ADF ; set ADE; set EMI ; : : ; ADC_ISR: mov acc_stack,a ; mov a,STATUS mov status_stack,a ; : : mov a,SADOL ; mov SADOL_buffer,a ; mov a,SADOH ; mov SADOH_buffer,a ; : : EXIT_INT_ISR: mov a,status_stack mov STATUS,a ; mov a,acc_stack ; reti Rev. 1.00 disable ADC interrupt select fSYS/8 as A/D clock setup PASR to configure pin AN0 enable and connect AN0 channel to A/D converter high pulse on START bit to initiate conversion reset A/D start A/D clear ADC interrupt request flag enable ADC interrupt enable global interrupt ADC interrupt service routine save ACC to user defined memory save STATUS to user defined memory read save read save low byte conversion result value result to user defined register high byte conversion result value result to user defined register restore STATUS from user defined memory restore ACC from user defined memory 102 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Interrupts Interrupts are an important part of any microcontroller system. When an external event or an internal function such as a Timer Module or an A/D converter requires microcontroller attention, their corresponding interrupt will enforce a temporary suspension of the main program allowing the microcontroller to direct attention to their respective needs. The devices contain several external interrupt and internal interrupts functions. The external interrupt is generated by the action of the external INT pin, while the internal interrupts are generated by various internal functions such as the TMs, Time Base, EEPROM and the A/D converter. Interrupt Registers Overall interrupt control, which basically means the setting of request flags when certain microcontroller conditions occur and the setting of interrupt enable bits by the application program, is controlled by a series of registers, located in the Special Purpose Data Memory, as shown in the accompanying table. The number of registers depends upon the device chosen but fall into three categories. The first is the INTC0~INTC1 registers which setup the primary interrupts, the second is the MFI0~MFI1 registers which setup the Multi-function interrupts. Finally there is an INTEG register to setup the external interrupt trigger edge type. Each register contains a number of enable bits to enable or disable individual registers as well as interrupt flags to indicate the presence of an interrupt request. The naming convention of these follows a specific pattern. First is listed an abbreviated interrupt type, then the (optional) number of that interrupt followed by either an “E” for enable/disable bit or “F” for request flag. Function Enable Bit Request Flag Notes — Global EMI — INT Pin INTE INTF — A/D Converter ADE ADF — Multi-function MFnE MFnF n=0 or 1 Time Base TBnE TBnF n=0 or 1 EEPROM DEE DEF — STMAE STMAF STMPE STMPF PTMAE PTMAF PTMPE PTMPF TM — Interrupt Register Bit Naming Conventions Bit Register Name 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 INTEG — — — — — — INTS1 INTS0 INTC0 — TB1F TB0F INTF TB1E TB0E INTE EMI INTC1 MF1F ADF DEF MF0F MF1E ADE DEE MF0E MFI0 — — STMAF STMPF — — STMAE STMPE MFI1 — — PTMAF PTMPF — — PTMAE PTMPE Interrupt Registers List Rev. 1.00 103 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM INTEG Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — — — — — INTS1 INTS0 R/W — — — — — — R/W R/W POR — — — — — — 0 0 Bit 7~2 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 1~0 INTS1, INTS0: interrupt edge control for INT pin 00: Disable Interrupt 01: Rising Edge Interrupt 10: Falling Edge Interrupt 11: Dual Edge Interrupt INTC0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — TB1F TB0F INTF TB1E TB0E INTE EMI R/W — R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR — 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 6TB1F : Time Base 1 Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 5TB0F: Time Base 0 Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 4INTF: INT Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 3 TB1E : Time Base 1 Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 2TB0E: Time Base 0 Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 1INTE: INT Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 0EMI: Global Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Rev. 1.00 104 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM INTC1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name MF1F ADF DEF MF0F MF1E ADE DEE MF0E R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit 7MF1F: Multi-function 1 Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 6ADF: A/D Converter Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 5DEF: Data EEPROM Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 4MF0F: Multi-function 0 Interrupt Request Flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 3 MF1E: Multi-function 1 Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 2ADE: A/D Converter Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 1DEE: Data EEPROM Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 0MF0E: Multi-function 0 Interrupt Control 0: Disable 1: Enable MFI0 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — STMAF STMPF — — STMAE STMPE R/W — — R/W R/W — — R/W R/W POR — — 0 0 — — 0 0 Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 5STMAF: STM Comparator A match interrupt request flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 4STMPF: STM Comparator P match interrupt request flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 3~2 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 1STMAE: STM Comparator A match interrupt control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 0STMPE: STM Comparator P match interrupt control 0: Disable 1: Enable Rev. 1.00 105 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM MFI1 Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name — — PTMAF PTMPF — — PTMAE PTMPE R/W — — R/W R/W — — R/W R/W POR — — 0 0 — — 0 0 Bit 7~6 Unimplemented, read as "0" Bit 5PTMAF: PTM Comparator A match interrupt request flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 4PTMPF: PTM Comparator P match interrupt request flag 0: No request 1: Interrupt request Bit 3~2 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 1PTMAE: PTM Comparator A match interrupt control 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 0PTMPE: PTM Comparator P match interrupt control 0: Disable 1: Enable Interrupt Operation When the conditions for an interrupt event occur, such as a TM Comparator P or Comparator A match or A/D conversion completion etc, the relevant interrupt request flag will be set. Whether the request flag actually generates a program jump to the relevant interrupt vector is determined by the condition of the interrupt enable bit. If the enable bit is set high then the program will jump to its relevant vector; if the enable bit is zero then although the interrupt request flag is set an actual interrupt will not be generated and the program will not jump to the relevant interrupt vector. The global interrupt enable bit, if cleared to zero, will disable all interrupts. When an interrupt is generated, the Program Counter, which stores the address of the next instruction to be executed, will be transferred onto the stack. The Program Counter will then be loaded with a new address which will be the value of the corresponding interrupt vector. The microcontroller will then fetch its next instruction from this interrupt vector. The instruction at this vector will usually be a “JMP” which will jump to another section of program which is known as the interrupt service routine. Here is located the code to control the appropriate interrupt. The interrupt service routine must be terminated with a “RETI”, which retrieves the original Program Counter address from the stack and allows the microcontroller to continue with normal execution at the point where the interrupt occurred. The various interrupt enable bits, together with their associated request flags, are shown in the accompanying diagrams with their order of priority. Some interrupt sources have their own individual vector while others share the same multi-function interrupt vector. Once an interrupt subroutine is serviced, all the other interrupts will be blocked, as the global interrupt enable bit, EMI bit will be cleared automatically. This will prevent any further interrupt nesting from occurring. However, if other interrupt requests occur during this interval, although the interrupt will not be immediately serviced, the request flag will still be recorded. Rev. 1.00 106 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM If an interrupt requires immediate servicing while the program is already in another interrupt service routine, the EMI bit should be set after entering the routine, to allow interrupt nesting. If the stack is full, the interrupt request will not be acknowledged, even if the related interrupt is enabled, until the Stack Pointer is decremented. If immediate service is desired, the stack must be prevented from becoming full. In case of simultaneous requests, the accompanying diagram shows the priority that is applied. All of the interrupt request flags when set will wake-up the device if it is in SLEEP or IDLE Mode, however to prevent a wake-up from occurring the corresponding flag should be set before the device is in SLEEP or IDLE Mode. E�I auto disabled in ISR Legend xxF Request Flag� no auto reset in ISR xxF Request Flag� auto reset in ISR xxE Enable Bits Interrupt Name Request Flags Enable Bits ST� P ST�PF ST�PE ST� A ST�AF ST�AE PT� P PT�PF PT�PE PT� A PT�AF PT�AE Interrupt Name Request Flags Enable Bits �aster Enable Vector INT Pin INTF INTE E�I 04H Time Base 0 TB0F TB0E E�I 08H Time Base 1 TB1F TB1E E�I 0CH �. Funct. 0 �F0F �F0E E�I 10H EEPRO� DEF DEE E�I 14H A/D ADF ADE E�I 18H �. Funct. 1 �F1F �F1E E�I 1CH Priorit� High Low Interrupts contained within �ulti-Function Interrupts Interrupt Structure External Interrupt The external interrupt is controlled by signal transitions on the INT pin. An external interrupt request will take place.when the external interrupt request flag, INTF, is set, which will occur when a transition, whose type is chosen by the edge select bits, appears on the external interrupt pin. To allow the program to branch to the interrupt vector address, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and the external interrupt enable bit, INTE, must first be set. Additionally the correct interrupt edge type must be selected using the INTEG register to enable the external interrupt function and to choose the trigger edge type. As the external interrupt pin is pin-shared with I/O pin, it can only be configured as an external interrupt pin by setting the pin-shared register PASR. The pin must also be setup as an input by setting the corresponding bit in the port control register. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the correct transition type appears on the external interrupt pin, a subroutine call to the external interrupt vector, will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the external interrupt request flag, INTF, will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. Note that the pull-high resistor selection on the external interrupt pin will remain valid even if the pin is used as an external interrupt input. The INTEG register is used to select the type of active edge that will trigger the external interrupt. A choice of either rising or falling or both edge types can be chosen to trigger an external interrupt. Note that the INTEG register can also be used to disable the external interrupt function. Rev. 1.00 107 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Multi-function Interrupt Within the device there are up to two Multi-function interrupts. Unlike the other independent interrupts, these interrupts have no independent source, but rather are formed from other existing interrupt sources, namely the TM Interrupts. A Multi-function interrupt request will take place when any of the Multi-function interrupt request flags, MF0F~MF1F are set. The Multi-function interrupt flags will be set when any of their included functions generate an interrupt request flag. To allow the program to branch to its respective interrupt vector address, when the Multi-function interrupt is enabled and the stack is not full, and either one of the interrupts contained within each of Multi-function interrupt occurs, a subroutine call to one of the Multi-function interrupt vectors will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the related MultiFunction request flag, will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. However, it must be noted that, although the Multi-function Interrupt flags will be automatically reset when the interrupt is serviced, the request flags from the original source of the Multi-function interrupts, namely the TM Interrupts, will not be automatically reset and must be manually reset by the application program. A/D Converter Interrupt The devices contain an A/D converter which has its own independent interrupt. The A/D Converter Interrupt is controlled by the termination of an A/D conversion process. An A/D Converter Interrupt request will take place when the A/D Converter Interrupt request flag, ADF, is set, which occurs when the A/D conversion process finishes. To allow the program to branch to its respective interrupt vector address, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and A/D Interrupt enable bit, ADE, must first be set. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the A/D conversion process has ended, a subroutine call to the A/D Converter Interrupt vector, will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the A/D Converter Interrupt flag, ADF, will be automatically cleared. The EMI bit will also be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts. Time Base Interrupts The function of the Time Base Interrupts is to provide regular time signal in the form of an internal interrupt. They are controlled by the overflow signals from their respective timer functions. When these happens their respective interrupt request flags, TB0F or TB1F will be set. To allow the program to branch to their respective interrupt vector addresses, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI and Time Base enable bits, TB0E or TB1E, must first be set. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and the Time Base overflows, a subroutine call to their respective vector locations will take place. When the interrupt is serviced, the respective interrupt request flag, TB0F or TB1F, will be automatically reset and the EMI bit will be cleared to disable other interrupts. The purpose of the Time Base Interrupt is to provide an interrupt signal at fixed time periods. Their clock sources originate from the internal clock source fTB. This fTB input clock passes through a divider, the division ratio of which is selected by programming the appropriate bits in the TBC register to obtain longer interrupt periods whose value ranges. The clock source that generates fTB, which in turn controls the Time Base interrupt period, can originate from several different sources, as shown in the System Operating Mode section. Rev. 1.00 108 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM TBC Register Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Name TBON TBCK TB11 TB10 — TB02 TB01 TB00 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W — R/W R/W R/W POR 0 0 1 1 — 1 1 1 Bit 7TBON: TB0 and TB1 Control bit 0: Disable 1: Enable Bit 6TBCK: Select fTB Clock 0: fTBC 1: fSYS/4 Bit 5~4TB11~TB10: Select Time Base 1 Time-out Period 00: 4096/fTB 01: 8192/fTB 10: 16384/fTB 11: 32768/fTB Bit 3 Unimplemented, read as “0” Bit 2~0TB02~TB00: Select Time Base 0 Time-out Period 000: 256/fTB 001: 512/fTB 010: 1024/fTB 011: 2048/fTB 100: 4096/fTB 101: 8192/fTB 110: 16384/fTB 111: 32768/fTB Time Base Interrupt EEPROM Interrupt An EEPROM Interrupt request will take place when the EEPROM Interrupt request flag, DEF, is set, which occurs when an EEPROM Write cycle ends. To allow the program to branch to its respective interrupt vector address, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and EEPROM Interrupt enable bit, DEE, must first be set. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and an EEPROM Write cycle ends, a subroutine call to the respective EEPROM Interrupt vector, will take place. When the EEPROM Interrupt is serviced, the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts, and the EEPROM interrupt request flag, DEF, will also be automatically cleared. Rev. 1.00 109 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM TM Interrupts The TMs each has two interrupts. All of the TM interrupts are contained within the Multi-function Interrupts. For each of the TMs there are two interrupt request flags xTMPF and xTMAF and two enable bits xTMPE and xTMAE. A TM interrupt request will take place when any of the TM request flags are set, a situation which occurs when a TM comparator P or comparator A match situation happens. To allow the program to branch to its respective interrupt vector address, the global interrupt enable bit, EMI, and the respective TM Interrupt enable bit, and associated Multi-function interrupt enable bit, MFnF, must first be set. When the interrupt is enabled, the stack is not full and a TM comparator match situation occurs, a subroutine call to the relevant TM Interrupt vector locations, will take place. When the TM interrupt is serviced, the EMI bit will be automatically cleared to disable other interrupts, however only the related MFnF flag will be automatically cleared. As the TM interrupt request flags will not be automatically cleared, they have to be cleared by the application program. Interrupt Wake-up Function Each of the interrupt functions has the capability of waking up the microcontroller when in the SLEEP or IDLE Mode. A wake-up is generated when an interrupt request flag changes from low to high and is independent of whether the interrupt is enabled or not. Therefore, even though the device is in the SLEEP or IDLE Mode and its system oscillator stopped, situations such as external edge transitions on the external interrupt pin, a low power supply voltage or comparator input change may cause their respective interrupt flag to be set high and consequently generate an interrupt. Care must therefore be taken if spurious wake-up situations are to be avoided. If an interrupt wake-up function is to be disabled then the corresponding interrupt request flag should be set high before the device enters the SLEEP or IDLE Mode. The interrupt enable bits have no effect on the interrupt wake-up function. Programming Considerations By disabling the relevant interrupt enable bits, a requested interrupt can be prevented from being serviced, however, once an interrupt request flag is set, it will remain in this condition in the interrupt register until the corresponding interrupt is serviced or until the request flag is cleared by the application program. Where a certain interrupt is contained within a Multi-function interrupt, then when the interrupt service routine is executed, as only the Multi-function interrupt request flags, MF0F~MF1F, will be automatically cleared, the individual request flag for the function needs to be cleared by the application program. It is recommended that programs do not use the “CALL” instruction within the interrupt service subroutine. Interrupts often occur in an unpredictable manner or need to be serviced immediately. If only one stack is left and the interrupt is not well controlled, the original control sequence will be damaged once a CALL subroutine is executed in the interrupt subroutine. Every interrupt has the capability of waking up the microcontroller when it is in SLEEP or IDLE Mode, the wake up being generated when the interrupt request flag changes from low to high. If it is required to prevent a certain interrupt from waking up the microcontroller then its respective request flag should be first set high before enter SLEEP or IDLE Mode. As only the Program Counter is pushed onto the stack, then when the interrupt is serviced, if the contents of the accumulator, status register or other registers are altered by the interrupt service program, their contents should be saved to the memory at the beginning of the interrupt service routine. Rev. 1.00 110 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM To return from an interrupt subroutine, either a RET or RETI instruction may be executed. The RETI instruction in addition to executing a return to the main program also automatically sets the EMI bit high to allow further interrupts. The RET instruction however only executes a return to the main program leaving the EMI bit in its present zero state and therefore disabling the execution of further interrupts. Configuration Option Configuration options refer to certain options within the MCU that are programmed into the device during the programming process. During the development process, these options are selected using the HT-IDE software development tools. As these options are programmed into the device using the hardware programming tools, once they are selected they cannot be changed later using the application program. All options must be defined for proper system function, the details of which are shown in the table. No. Options Oscillator Options 1 HIRC Frequency Selection: 1. 4MHz 2. 8MHz Application Circuits VDD 0.01µF** 1N4148* VDD 10kΩ~ 100kΩ 0.1µF 0.1µF~1µF 300Ω* Reset Circuit RES AN0~AN3 PA0~PA7 PB0~PB5 (HT66F303 only) VSS Note: “*” Recommended component for added ESD protection. “**” Recommended component in environments where power line noise is significant. Rev. 1.00 111 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Instruction Set Introduction Central to the successful operation of any microcontroller is its instruction set, which is a set of program instruction codes that directs the microcontroller to perform certain operations. In the case of Holtek microcontroller, a comprehensive and flexible set of over 60 instructions is provided to enable programmers to implement their application with the minimum of programming overheads. For easier understanding of the various instruction codes, they have been subdivided into several functional groupings. Instruction Timing Most instructions are implemented within one instruction cycle. The exceptions to this are branch, call, or table read instructions where two instruction cycles are required. One instruction cycle is equal to 4 system clock cycles, therefore in the case of an 8MHz system oscillator, most instructions would be implemented within 0.5μs and branch or call instructions would be implemented within 1μs. Although instructions which require one more cycle to implement are generally limited to the JMP, CALL, RET, RETI and table read instructions, it is important to realize that any other instructions which involve manipulation of the Program Counter Low register or PCL will also take one more cycle to implement. As instructions which change the contents of the PCL will imply a direct jump to that new address, one more cycle will be required. Examples of such instructions would be “CLR PCL” or “MOV PCL, A”. For the case of skip instructions, it must be noted that if the result of the comparison involves a skip operation then this will also take one more cycle, if no skip is involved then only one cycle is required. Moving and Transferring Data The transfer of data within the microcontroller program is one of the most frequently used operations. Making use of several kinds of MOV instructions, data can be transferred from registers to the Accumulator and vice-versa as well as being able to move specific immediate data directly into the Accumulator. One of the most important data transfer applications is to receive data from the input ports and transfer data to the output ports. Arithmetic Operations The ability to perform certain arithmetic operations and data manipulation is a necessary feature of most microcontroller applications. Within the Holtek microcontroller instruction set are a range of add and subtract instruction mnemonics to enable the necessary arithmetic to be carried out. Care must be taken to ensure correct handling of carry and borrow data when results exceed 255 for addition and less than 0 for subtraction. The increment and decrement instructions such as INC, INCA, DEC and DECA provide a simple means of increasing or decreasing by a value of one of the values in the destination specified. Rev. 1.00 112 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Logical and Rotate Operation The standard logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR and CPL all have their own instruction within the Holtek microcontroller instruction set. As with the case of most instructions involving data manipulation, data must pass through the Accumulator which may involve additional programming steps. In all logical data operations, the zero flag may be set if the result of the operation is zero. Another form of logical data manipulation comes from the rotate instructions such as RR, RL, RRC and RLC which provide a simple means of rotating one bit right or left. Different rotate instructions exist depending on program requirements. Rotate instructions are useful for serial port programming applications where data can be rotated from an internal register into the Carry bit from where it can be examined and the necessary serial bit set high or low. Another application which rotate data operations are used is to implement multiplication and division calculations. Branches and Control Transfer Program branching takes the form of either jumps to specified locations using the JMP instruction or to a subroutine using the CALL instruction. They differ in the sense that in the case of a subroutine call, the program must return to the instruction immediately when the subroutine has been carried out. This is done by placing a return instruction “RET” in the subroutine which will cause the program to jump back to the address right after the CALL instruction. In the case of a JMP instruction, the program simply jumps to the desired location. There is no requirement to jump back to the original jumping off point as in the case of the CALL instruction. One special and extremely useful set of branch instructions are the conditional branches. Here a decision is first made regarding the condition of a certain data memory or individual bits. Depending upon the conditions, the program will continue with the next instruction or skip over it and jump to the following instruction. These instructions are the key to decision making and branching within the program perhaps determined by the condition of certain input switches or by the condition of internal data bits. Bit Operations The ability to provide single bit operations on Data Memory is an extremely flexible feature of all Holtek microcontrollers. This feature is especially useful for output port bit programming where individual bits or port pins can be directly set high or low using either the “SET [m].i” or “CLR [m].i” instructions respectively. The feature removes the need for programmers to first read the 8-bit output port, manipulate the input data to ensure that other bits are not changed and then output the port with the correct new data. This read-modify-write process is taken care of automatically when these bit operation instructions are used. Table Read Operations Data storage is normally implemented by using registers. However, when working with large amounts of fixed data, the volume involved often makes it inconvenient to store the fixed data in the Data Memory. To overcome this problem, Holtek microcontrollers allow an area of Program Memory to be setup as a table where data can be directly stored. A set of easy to use instructions provides the means by which this fixed data can be referenced and retrieved from the Program Memory. Other Operations In addition to the above functional instructions, a range of other instructions also exist such as the “HALT” instruction for Power-down operations and instructions to control the operation of the Watchdog Timer for reliable program operations under extreme electric or electromagnetic environments. For their relevant operations, refer to the functional related sections. Rev. 1.00 113 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Instruction Set Summary The following table depicts a summary of the instruction set categorised according to function and can be consulted as a basic instruction reference using the following listed conventions. Table Conventions x: Bits immediate data m: Data Memory address A: Accumulator i: 0~7 number of bits addr: Program memory address Mnemonic Description Cycles Flag Affected Add Data Memory to ACC Add ACC to Data Memory Add immediate data to ACC Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry Add ACC to Data memory with Carry Subtract immediate data from the ACC Subtract Data Memory from ACC Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry, result in Data Memory Decimal adjust ACC for Addition with result in Data Memory 1 1Note 1 1 1Note 1 1 1Note 1 1Note 1Note Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV Z, C, AC, OV C 1 1 1 1Note 1Note 1Note 1 1 1 1Note 1 Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Increment Data Memory with result in ACC Increment Data Memory Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC Decrement Data Memory 1 1Note 1 1Note Z Z Z Z Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory right Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory right through Carry Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory left Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC Rotate Data Memory left through Carry 1 1Note 1 1Note 1 1Note 1 1Note None None C C None None C C Arithmetic ADD A,[m] ADDM A,[m] ADD A,x ADC A,[m] ADCM A,[m] SUB A,x SUB A,[m] SUBM A,[m] SBC A,[m] SBCM A,[m] DAA [m] Logic Operation AND A,[m] OR A,[m] XOR A,[m] ANDM A,[m] ORM A,[m] XORM A,[m] AND A,x OR A,x XOR A,x CPL [m] CPLA [m] Logical AND Data Memory to ACC Logical OR Data Memory to ACC Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC Logical AND ACC to Data Memory Logical OR ACC to Data Memory Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory Logical AND immediate Data to ACC Logical OR immediate Data to ACC Logical XOR immediate Data to ACC Complement Data Memory Complement Data Memory with result in ACC Increment & Decrement INCA [m] INC [m] DECA [m] DEC [m] Rotate RRA [m] RR [m] RRCA [m] RRC [m] RLA [m] RL [m] RLCA [m] RLC [m] Rev. 1.00 114 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Mnemonic Description Cycles Flag Affected Move Data Memory to ACC Move ACC to Data Memory Move immediate data to ACC 1 1Note 1 None None None Clear bit of Data Memory Set bit of Data Memory 1Note 1Note None None Jump unconditionally Skip if Data Memory is zero Skip if Data Memory is zero with data movement to ACC Skip if bit i of Data Memory is zero Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not zero Skip if increment Data Memory is zero Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC Subroutine call Return from subroutine Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC Return from interrupt 2 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 1Note 2 2 2 2 None None None None None None None None None None None None None Read table (specific page) to TBLH and Data Memory Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory 2Note 2Note 2Note None None None No operation Clear Data Memory Set Data Memory Clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Swap nibbles of Data Memory Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC Enter power down mode 1 1Note 1Note 1 1 1 1Note 1 1 None None None TO, PDF TO, PDF TO, PDF None None TO, PDF Data Move MOV A,[m] MOV [m],A MOV A,x Bit Operation CLR [m].i SET [m].i Branch Operation JMP addr SZ [m] SZA [m] SZ [m].i SNZ [m].i SIZ [m] SDZ [m] SIZA [m] SDZA [m] CALL addr RET RET A,x RETI Table Read Operation TABRD [m] TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m] Miscellaneous NOP CLR [m] SET [m] CLR WDT CLR WDT1 CLR WDT2 SWAP [m] SWAPA [m] HALT Note: 1. For skip instructions, if the result of the comparison involves a skip then two cycles are required, if no skip takes place only one cycle is required. 2. Any instruction which changes the contents of the PCL will also require 2 cycles for execution. 3. For the “CLR WDT1” and “CLR WDT2” instructions the TO and PDF flags may be affected by the execution status. The TO and PDF flags are cleared after both “CLR WDT1” and “CLR WDT2” instructions are consecutively executed. Otherwise the TO and PDF flags remain unchanged. Rev. 1.00 115 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Instruction Definition ADC A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Add Data Memory to ACC with Carry The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC + [m] + C OV, Z, AC, C ADCM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Add ACC to Data Memory with Carry The contents of the specified Data Memory, Accumulator and the carry flag are added. The result is stored in the specified Data Memory. [m] ← ACC + [m] + C OV, Z, AC, C Add Data Memory to ACC ADD A,[m] Description The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Operation Affected flag(s) ACC ← ACC + [m] OV, Z, AC, C ADD A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Add immediate data to ACC The contents of the Accumulator and the specified immediate data are added. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC + x OV, Z, AC, C ADDM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Add ACC to Data Memory The contents of the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator are added. The result is stored in the specified Data Memory. [m] ← ACC + [m] OV, Z, AC, C AND A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical AND Data Memory to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″AND″ [m] Z AND A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical AND immediate data to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bit wise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″AND″ x Z ANDM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical AND ACC to Data Memory Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical AND operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. [m] ← ACC ″AND″ [m] Z Rev. 1.00 116 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM CALL addr Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subroutine call Unconditionally calls a subroutine at the specified address. The Program Counter then increments by 1 to obtain the address of the next instruction which is then pushed onto the stack. The specified address is then loaded and the program continues execution from this new address. As this instruction requires an additional operation, it is a two cycle instruction. Stack ← Program Counter + 1 Program Counter ← addr None CLR [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Clear Data Memory Each bit of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0. [m] ← 00H None CLR [m].i Description Operation Affected flag(s) Clear bit of Data Memory Bit i of the specified Data Memory is cleared to 0. [m].i ← 0 None CLR WDT Description Operation Affected flag(s) Clear Watchdog Timer The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. WDT cleared TO ← 0 PDF ← 0 TO, PDF CLR WDT1 Description Operation Affected flag(s) Pre-clear Watchdog Timer The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT2 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT2 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT2 will have no effect. WDT cleared TO ← 0 PDF ← 0 TO, PDF CLR WDT2 Description Operation Affected flag(s) Pre-clear Watchdog Timer The TO, PDF flags and the WDT are all cleared. Note that this instruction works in conjunction with CLR WDT1 and must be executed alternately with CLR WDT1 to have effect. Repetitively executing this instruction without alternately executing CLR WDT1 will have no effect. WDT cleared TO ← 0 PDF ← 0 TO, PDF CPL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Complement Data Memory Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1′s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa. [m] ← [m] Z Rev. 1.00 117 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM CPLA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Complement Data Memory with result in ACC Each bit of the specified Data Memory is logically complemented (1′s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice versa. The complemented result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC ← [m] Z DAA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Decimal-Adjust ACC for addition with result in Data Memory Convert the contents of the Accumulator value to a BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) value resulting from the previous addition of two BCD variables. If the low nibble is greater than 9 or if AC flag is set, then a value of 6 will be added to the low nibble. Otherwise the low nibble remains unchanged. If the high nibble is greater than 9 or if the C flag is set, then a value of 6 will be added to the high nibble. Essentially, the decimal conversion is performed by adding 00H, 06H, 60H or 66H depending on the Accumulator and flag conditions. Only the C flag may be affected by this instruction which indicates that if the original BCD sum is greater than 100, it allows multiple precision decimal addition. [m] ← ACC + 00H or [m] ← ACC + 06H or [m] ← ACC + 60H or [m] ← ACC + 66H C DEC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Decrement Data Memory Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1. [m] ← [m] − 1 Z DECA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Decrement Data Memory with result in ACC Data in the specified Data Memory is decremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC ← [m] − 1 Z HALT Description Operation Affected flag(s) Enter power down mode This instruction stops the program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents of the Data Memory and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The power down flag PDF is set and the WDT time-out flag TO is cleared. TO ← 0 PDF ← 1 TO, PDF INC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Increment Data Memory Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1. [m] ← [m] + 1 Z INCA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Increment Data Memory with result in ACC Data in the specified Data Memory is incremented by 1. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC ← [m] + 1 Z Rev. 1.00 118 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM JMP addr Description Operation Affected flag(s) Jump unconditionally The contents of the Program Counter are replaced with the specified address. Program execution then continues from this new address. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the new address is loaded, it is a two cycle instruction. Program Counter ← addr None MOV A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Move Data Memory to ACC The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator. ACC ← [m] None MOV A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Move immediate data to ACC The immediate data specified is loaded into the Accumulator. ACC ← x None MOV [m],A Description Operation Affected flag(s) Move ACC to Data Memory The contents of the Accumulator are copied to the specified Data Memory. [m] ← ACC None NOP Description Operation Affected flag(s) No operation No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction. No operation None OR A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical OR Data Memory to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″OR″ [m] Z OR A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical OR immediate data to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″OR″ x Z ORM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical OR ACC to Data Memory Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical OR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. [m] ← ACC ″OR″ [m] Z RET Description Operation Affected flag(s) Return from subroutine The Program Counter is restored from the stack. Program execution continues at the restored address. Program Counter ← Stack None Rev. 1.00 119 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM RET A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the Accumulator loaded with the specified immediate data. Program execution continues at the restored address. Program Counter ← Stack ACC ← x None RETI Description Operation Affected flag(s) Return from interrupt The Program Counter is restored from the stack and the interrupts are re-enabled by setting the EMI bit. EMI is the master interrupt global enable bit. If an interrupt was pending when the RETI instruction is executed, the pending Interrupt routine will be processed before returning to the main program. Program Counter ← Stack EMI ← 1 None RL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory left The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. [m].(i+1) ← [m].i; (i=0~6) [m].0 ← [m].7 None RLA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory left with result in ACC The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated left by 1 bit with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC.(i+1) ← [m].i; (i=0~6) ACC.0 ← [m].7 None RLC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory left through Carry The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0. [m].(i+1) ← [m].i; (i=0~6) [m].0 ← C C ← [m].7 C RLCA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory left through Carry with result in ACC Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated left by 1 bit. Bit 7 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC.(i+1) ← [m].i; (i=0~6) ACC.0 ← C C ← [m].7 C RR [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory right The contents of the specified Data Memory are rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into bit 7. [m].i ← [m].(i+1); (i=0~6) [m].7 ← [m].0 None Rev. 1.00 120 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM RRA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory right with result in ACC Data in the specified Data Memory is rotated right by 1 bit with bit 0 rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC.i ← [m].(i+1); (i=0~6) ACC.7 ← [m].0 None RRC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory right through Carry The contents of the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7. [m].i ← [m].(i+1); (i=0~6) [m].7 ← C C ← [m].0 C RRCA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Rotate Data Memory right through Carry with result in ACC Data in the specified Data Memory and the carry flag are rotated right by 1 bit. Bit 0 replaces the Carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 7. The rotated result is stored in the Accumulator and the contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC.i ← [m].(i+1); (i=0~6) ACC.7 ← C C ← [m].0 C SBC A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. ACC ← ACC − [m] − C OV, Z, AC, C SBCM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subtract Data Memory from ACC with Carry and result in Data Memory The contents of the specified Data Memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. [m] ← ACC − [m] − C OV, Z, AC, C SDZ [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if decrement Data Memory is 0 The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0 the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. [m] ← [m] − 1 Skip if [m]=0 None Rev. 1.00 121 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SDZA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if decrement Data Memory is zero with result in ACC The contents of the specified Data Memory are first decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0, the program proceeds with the following instruction. ACC ← [m] − 1 Skip if ACC=0 None SET [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Set Data Memory Each bit of the specified Data Memory is set to 1. [m] ← FFH None SET [m].i Description Operation Affected flag(s) Set bit of Data Memory Bit i of the specified Data Memory is set to 1. [m].i ← 1 None SIZ [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if increment Data Memory is 0 The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. [m] ← [m] + 1 Skip if [m]=0 None SIZA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if increment Data Memory is zero with result in ACC The contents of the specified Data Memory are first incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the Accumulator but the specified Data Memory contents remain unchanged. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. ACC ← [m] + 1 Skip if ACC=0 None SNZ [m].i Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if bit i of Data Memory is not 0 If bit i of the specified Data Memory is not 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Skip if [m].i ≠ 0 None SUB A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subtract Data Memory from ACC The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. ACC ← ACC − [m] OV, Z, AC, C Rev. 1.00 122 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM SUBM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subtract Data Memory from ACC with result in Data Memory The specified Data Memory is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Data Memory. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. [m] ← ACC − [m] OV, Z, AC, C SUB A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Subtract immediate data from ACC The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the Accumulator. The result is stored in the Accumulator. Note that if the result of subtraction is negative, the C flag will be cleared to 0, otherwise if the result is positive or zero, the C flag will be set to 1. ACC ← ACC − x OV, Z, AC, C SWAP [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Swap nibbles of Data Memory The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged. [m].3~[m].0 ↔ [m].7~[m].4 None SWAPA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Swap nibbles of Data Memory with result in ACC The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified Data Memory are interchanged. The result is stored in the Accumulator. The contents of the Data Memory remain unchanged. ACC.3~ACC.0 ← [m].7~[m].4 ACC.7~ACC.4 ← [m].3~[m].0 None SZ [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if Data Memory is 0 If the contents of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. Skip if [m]=0 None SZA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if Data Memory is 0 with data movement to ACC The contents of the specified Data Memory are copied to the Accumulator. If the value is zero, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0 the program proceeds with the following instruction. ACC ← [m] Skip if [m]=0 None SZ [m].i Description Operation Affected flag(s) Skip if bit i of Data Memory is 0 If bit i of the specified Data Memory is 0, the following instruction is skipped. As this requires the insertion of a dummy instruction while the next instruction is fetched, it is a two cycle instruction. If the result is not 0, the program proceeds with the following instruction. Skip if [m].i=0 None Rev. 1.00 123 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM TABRD [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Read table (specific page) to TBLH and Data Memory The low byte of the program code (specific page) addressed by the table pointer pair (TBHP and TBLP) is moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH. [m] ← program code (low byte) TBLH ← program code (high byte) None TABRDC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Read table (current page) to TBLH and Data Memory The low byte of the program code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH. [m] ← program code (low byte) TBLH ← program code (high byte) None TABRDL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Read table (last page) to TBLH and Data Memory The low byte of the program code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified Data Memory and the high byte moved to TBLH. [m] ← program code (low byte) TBLH ← program code (high byte) None XOR A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical XOR Data Memory to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified Data Memory perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″XOR″ [m] Z XORM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical XOR ACC to Data Memory Data in the specified Data Memory and the Accumulator perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Data Memory. [m] ← ACC ″XOR″ [m] Z XOR A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) Logical XOR immediate data to ACC Data in the Accumulator and the specified immediate data perform a bitwise logical XOR operation. The result is stored in the Accumulator. ACC ← ACC ″XOR″ x Z Rev. 1.00 124 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Package Information Note that the package information provided here is for consultation purposes only. As this information may be updated at regular intervals users are reminded to consult the Holtek website for the latest version of the Package/Carton Information. Additional supplementary information with regard to packaging is listed below. Click on the relevant section to be transferred to the relevant website page. • Package Information (include Outline Dimensions, Product Tape and Reel Specifications) • The Operation Instruction of Packing Materials • Carton information Rev. 1.00 125 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM 8-pin SOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions Symbol Dimensions in inch Min. Nom. Max. A — 0.236 BSC — B — 0.154 BSC — 0.020 C 0.012 — C′ — 0.193 BSC — D — — 0.069 E — 0.050 BSC — F 0.004 — 0.010 G 0.016 — 0.050 H 0.004 — 0.010 α 0° — 8° Symbol Rev. 1.00 Dimensions in mm Min. Nom. Max. A — 6.00 BSC — B — 3.90 BSC — C 0.31 — 0.51 C′ — 4.90 BSC — D — — 1.75 E — 1.27 BSC — F 0.10 — 0.25 G 0.40 — 1.27 H 0.10 — 0.25 α 0° — 8° 126 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM 10-pin SOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions Symbol A Dimensions in inch Min. Nom. Max. — 0.236 BSC — B — 0.154 BSC — C 0.012 — 0.018 C′ — 0.193 BSC — D — — 0.069 E — 0.039 BSC — F 0.004 — 0.010 G 0.016 — 0.050 H 0.004 — 0.010 α 0° — 8° Symbol Rev. 1.00 Dimensions in mm Min. Nom. Max. A —F 6.00 BSC — B — 3.90 BSC — 0.45 C 0.30 — C′ — 4.90 BSC — D — — 1.75 E — 1.00 BSC — F 0.10 — 0.25 G 0.40 — 1.27 H 0.10 — 0.25 α 0° — 8° 127 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM 16-pin NSOP (150mil) Outline Dimensions Symbol A Dimensions in inch Min. Nom. Max. — 0.236 BSC — B — 0.154 BSC — C 0.012 — 0.020 C’ — 0.390 BSC — D — — 0.069 E — 0.050 BSC — F 0.004 — 0.010 G 0.016 — 0.050 H 0.004 — 0.010 α 0° — 8° Symbol Rev. 1.00 Dimensions in mm Min. Nom. Max. A — 6.0 BSC — B — 3.9 BSC — 0.51 C 0.31 — C’ — 9.9 BSC — D — — 1.75 E — 1.27 BSC — F 0.10 — 0.25 G 0.40 — 1.27 H 0.10 — 0.25 α 0° — 8° 128 May 06, 2016 HT66F302/HT66F303 Cost-Effective 8-Bit Flash MCU with EEPROM Copyright© 2016 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holtek's products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw. Rev. 1.00 129 May 06, 2016