LB1836M Motor Driver Application Note

LB1836M
Monolithic Digital IC
Low-Saturation Bi-directional Motor
Driver for Low-Voltage Drive
Application Note
http://onsemi.com
Overview
The LB1836M is a low-saturation two-channel bidirectional motor driver IC for use in low-voltage
applications.
The LB1836M is a bipolar stepper-motor driver IC that is ideal for use in printers, FDDs, cameras and other
portable devices.
Functions
 Low voltage operation (2.5V min)
 Low saturation voltage (upper transistor + lower transistor residual voltage ; 0.40V typ at 400mA).
 Parallel connection (Upper transistor + lower transistor residual voltage ; 0.5V typ at 800mA).
 Separate logic power supply and motor power supply
 Brake function
 Spark killer diodes built in
 Thermal shutdown circuit built in
 Compact package (14-pin MFP)
Typical Applications
 Automotive audio
 Security camera
 Camera
 TOY
 POS, Card Terminal (POS Printer, Thermal printer)
Pin Assignment
GND
14
IN3
13
OUT3
12
VS2
11
OUT4
10
IN4
9
Vcont
8
LB1836M
1
VCC
2
IN1
3
OUT1
4
VS1
5
OUT2
6
IN2
7
GND
Top view
Note) Ground both GND pins.
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013
December, 2013
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LB1836M Application Note
Package Dimensions
unit : mm (typ)
8
0.63
4.4
6.4
7
1.0
0.15
0.1 (1.5)
0.35
1.7MAX
1
SANYO : MFP14S(225mil)
Allowable power dissipation, Pd max -- mW
8.0
14
(1.0)
Pd max -- Ta
1000
Specified board : 30×30×1.5mm3
glass epoxy
800
600
420
400
200
0
ñ 40
ñ 20
0
20
40
60
8085
100
Ambient temperature, Ta -- °C
Recommended Soldering Footprint
(Unit:mm)
Reference
Symbol
MFP10S (225mil)
eE
5.70
e
1.00
b3
0.47
l1
1.10
Block Diagram
1. Two-DC motor drive
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LB1836M Application Note
2. Single stepping motor drive
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25C
Parameter
Maximum supply voltage
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
Unit
VCC max
-0.3 to +10.5
VS max
-0.3 to +10.5
V
VS + VSF
V
Output supply voltage
VOUT
Input supply voltage
VIN
GND pin flow-out current
IGND
Allowable power dissipation
Pd max
Per channel
* Mounted on a board.
V
-0.3 to +10
V
1.0
A
800
mW
Operating temperature
Topr
-40 to +85
C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55 to +150
C
3
* Mounted on a substrate: 30301.5mm , glass epoxy board.
Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time.
Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage
under high temperature, high current, high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may
be degraded. Please contact us for the further details.
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating
Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Recommended Operating Conditions at Ta  25C
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
max
Unit
Supply voltage
VCC
2.5
9.0
V
VS
1.8
9.0
V
Input “H”-level voltage
VIH
1.8
9.0
V
Input “L”-level voltage
VIL
-0.3
+0.7
V
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LB1836M Application Note
Electrical Characteristics at Ta  25C, VCC = VS = 3V
Parameter
Supply current
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
min
typ
Unit
max
ICC0
VIN1, 2, 3, 4 = 0V, ICC + IS
0.1
10
A
ICC1
VIN1 = 3V, VIN2, 3, 4 = 0V, ICC + IS
14
20
mA
ICC2
VIN1, 2 = 3V, VIN3, 4 = 0V, ICC + IS
mA
22
35
Output saturation voltage
VOUT1
IOUT = 200mA
0.20
0.28
V
(upper + lower)
VOUT2
IOUT = 400mA
0.40
0.60
V
VOUT3
IOUT = 400mA, Parallel connection
0.25
0.35
V
VOUT4
IOUT = 800mA, Parallel connection
0.50
0.70
V
80
A
Output sustain voltage
Input current
VO (SUS)
IIN
IOUT = 400mA
VIN = 2V, VCC = 6V
9
V
Spark killer diode
Reverse current
IS (leak)
VCC1, 2 = 9V
30
A
Forward voltage
VSF
IOUT = 400mA
1.7
V
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LB1836M Application Note
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LB1836M Application Note
Pin function
Pin No.
1
Pin name
VCC
Pin function
Power-supply voltage pin.
VCC voltage is impressed. The permissible operation voltage
is from 2.5 to 9.0(V). The capacitor is connected for
stabilization for GND pin (7pin, 14pin).
4
11
VS1
VS2
Power-supply voltage pin. （motor supply voltage）
The permissible operation voltage is from 2.5 to 9.0(V). The
capacitor is connected for stabilization for GND pin
(7pin,14pin).
2
IN1
Motor drive control input pin.
Driving control input pin of OUT1 (3pin) and OUT2 (5pin). It
combines with IN2 pin (6pin) and it fights desperately. The
digital input it, range of the "L" level input is 0 to 0.7(V), range of
the "H" level input is from 1.8 to 9.0(V). PWM can be input.
Pull-down resistance 30(kΩ) is built into in the pin. It becomes
a standby mode because all IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 pins are
made "L", and the circuit current can be adjusted to 0.
6
IN2
IN3
Motor drive control input pin.
Driving control input pin of OUT3 (12pin) and OUT4 (10pin). It
combines with IN4 pin (9pin) and it uses it. PWM can be input.
With built-in pull-down resistance.
9
IN4
Motor drive control input pin.
Driving control input pin of OUT3 (12pin) and OUT4 (10pin). It
combines with IN3 pin (13pin) and it uses it. PWM can be input.
With built-in pull-down resistance.
Ground pin.
Pre-drive monitor terminal.
Please refer to Vcontpin explanation.
GND
Vcont
30KΩ
Motor drive control input pin.
Driving control input pin of OUT1 (3pin) and OUT2 (5pin). It
combines with IN1 pin (2pin) and it uses it. PWM can be input.
With built-in pull-down resistance.
13
4,14
8
Equivalent Circuit
10
OUT4
Driving output pin.
The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT3 (12pin).
12
OUT3
Driving output pin.
The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT4 (10pin).
5
OUT2
Driving output pin.
The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT1 (3pin).
3
OUT1
Driving output pin.
The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT2 (5pin).
30K
30K
300Ω
VCC
OUT1
(OUT3)
OUT2
(OUT4)
GND
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LB1836M Application Note
Operation explanation
1. LB1836M Input-Output-Logic
Truth Table
IN1/3
IN2/4
OUT1/3
H
L
H
OUT2/4
L
Forward
Mode
Reverse
L
H
L
H
H
H
L
L
Brake
L
L
OFF
OFF
Standby
2. DC motor operation sequence
 The following table shows the example of DC-motor sequence from Standby, Forward, Reverse, Brake,
and Forward mode.
When IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4 are "L", the operation of this IC is stopped.
Please put standby mode for 10usec between Forward and Reverse mode.
Likewise, please put standby mode for 10usec between Forward and Brake mode, as well as Reverse
and Brake mode.
3. Stepping motor operation sequence
Example of current wave type in each excitation mode when stepping motor parallel input is controlled.
2 phase excitation
1-2 phase excitation
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LB1836M Application Note
STEP
STEP
STEP
STEP
STEP
STEP
4. Theory
 Full-Step MODE
The motor moves 90 degrees in an electric corner when I input 1Step.
Phase A +
Phase B +
Phase A +
Phase B –
Steps by 90deg
①
④
IN1
IN2
IN3
90deg
IN4
④
＋
V OUT1
IOUT
①
②
(PhaseA)
ー
＋
V OUT3
IOUT
(PhaseB)
④
①
②
OUT1→2
OUT2→1
OUT3→4
ー
←　Outwards

③
OUT1→2
OUT3→4
OUT4→3
Inwards →
③
②
Phase A –
Phase B –
Phase A –
Phase B +
Half-Step MODE
The motor moves 45 degrees in an electric corner when I input 1Step
Phase A –
Phase B –
Phase A +
Phase B OFF
①
⑧
Phase A +
Phase B +
②
45deg
Phase A OFF
Phase B +
Phase A OFF
Phase B –
⑦
③
IOUT
IOUT
⑥
Phase A –
Phase B –
⑤
Phase A –
Phase B OFF
④
Phase A –
Phase B +
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LB1836M Application Note
Design Notes
If large current flows on the power supply (VS) line and the GND line, then in some applications and layouts,
misoperation due to line oscillation may result.
The modes during which large current flows are as follows:
 Motor surge current when the DC motor starts up or when it shifts rotation directions (forward  reverse).
 Passthrough current generated within the IC when shifting rotation directions (forward  reverse) or when
shifting from forward/reverse rotation to braking, or vice versa.
The following points should be kept in mind regarding the pattern layout :
 Keep the wiring lines thick and short in order to reduce wiring inductance between the power supply (VS)
and GND.
 Insert a passthrough capacitor near the IC. (Maximum effect is obtained by inserting the passthrough
capacitor between VS and the pin 7 GND at the closest distance possible.
 If the CPU and the LB1836M are mounted on separate boards and the difference between the ground
potential of each board is large, install resistors of about 10k in series between the CPU and the
LB1836M inputs.
5. Vcont pin
VCC
VS
OUT
IN
300Ω
M
ID
VZ
OUT
ID =
VZ
r (= constant)
Vcont
As shown in the above diagram, the Vcont pin outputs the voltage of the band gap Zener VZ + VF (=1.93V).
In normal use, this pin is left open.
The drive current ID is varied by the Vcont voltage. However, because the band gap Zener is shared, it
functions as a bridge.
The motor can stop by making vcont terminal GND in emergency.
6. Thermal Shutdown circuit
The thermal shutdown circuit in incorporated and the output is turned off when junction temperature Tj
exceeds 180C and the abnormal state warning output is turned on. As the temperature falls by hysteresis,
the output turned on again (automatic restoration).
The thermal shutdown circuit does not guarantee the protection of the final product because it operates
when the temperature exceed the junction temperature of Tjmax=150C.
TSD = 180C (typ)
TSD = 40C (typ)
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LB1836M Application Note
Application Circuit Example
1. Example of applied circuit with two DC motor driving
2. Example of applied circuit with one stepping motor driving
3. Example of applied circuit when connecting it in parallel
The use likened to H bridge 1ch is shown possible in the figure below by connecting IN1 with IN3, IN2 with
IN4, OUT1 with OUT3, OUT2, and OUT4. (IO max=2.0A, Upper and lower total RON=0.5)
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LB1836M Application Note
Eva-Board Manual
1. Eva-Board circuit diagram
Bill of Materials for LB1836M Evaluation Board
Footprint
Manufacturer
Manufacturer
Part Number
Substitution
Allowed
Lead
Free
MFP14S
(225mil)
ON
semiconductor
LB1836M
No
Yes
KOA
GRM188B11A
105K
Yes
Yes
Murata
GRM188R72A
104KA35D
Yes
Yes
Switch
MIYAMA
MS-621-A01
Yes
Yes
Test points
MAC8
ST-1-3
Yes
Yes
Designator
Qty
Description
Value
IC1
1
Motor Driver
C1
1
VCC Bypass
capacitor
1µF
50V
C2
１
Vs Bypass
capacitor
0.1u
100v
SW1-SW4
4
TP1-TP11
14
Tol
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LB1836M Application Note
2. (1) Two DC motor drive
 Connect OUT1 and OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 to a DC motor each.
 Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VCC, the control power supply with the terminal VIN.
Connect the GND line with the terminal GND.
 DC motor becomes the predetermined output state corresponding to the input state by inputting an input
signal such as the following truth value table into IN1~IN4.
(2) One stepping motor drive
 Connect a stepping motor with OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4.
 Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VCC, the control power supply with the terminal VIN.
Connect the GND line with the terminal GND.
 STP motor drives it in an 2 phase excitation, 1-2 phase excitation by inputting an input signal such as follows
into IN1~IN4.
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LB1836M Application Note
Waveform of LB1836M evaluation board when driving stepping motor
 Full-Step Drive VCC=5V, VS=5V 1000pps
 Half-Step Drive VCC=5V, VS=5V 1600pps
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LB1836M Application Note
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