LB1948MC Bi-CMOS integrated circuit 12V Low Saturation Voltage Drive http://onsemi.com Forward/Reverse Motor Driver Application Note Overview The LB1948MC is a 2-channel low saturation voltage forward/reverse motor driver IC. It is optimal for motor drive in 12V system products and can drive either two DC motors, one DC motor using parallel connection, or it can drive a stepping motor in Full-step and Half-step. Function BIP output transistor adoption (Upper and lower total Vo(sat)=0.5V(typical) at Io=400mA) For one power supply (The control system power supply is unnecessary.) Our motor driver IC, LV8548MC, and compatible pin It is possible to connect it in parallel (parallel, connected operation of drive ch). The compact package (MFP10SK) is adopted VCC max = 20v, IO max = 0.8A Current consumption 0 when standing by Built-in brake function Typical Applications Refrigerator Time Recorder Label Printer Vacuum Cleaner POS Printer TOY Pin Assignment Package Dimensions unit : mm (typ) 1 VCC OUT1 10 5.0 9 3 IN2 OUT3 8 4 IN3 OUT4 7 5 IN4 GND 6 LB1948MC （Top View) 0.5 OUT2 Caution: The package 0.8 MAX 1 2 1.0 0.15 0.35 dimension is a reference value, which is not a (1.5) IN1 guaranteed value. 0.05 1.55 2 4.4 6.2 10 SANYO : MFP10SK(225mil) Recommended Soldering Footprint (Unit:mm) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2013 December, 2013 Reference Symbol MFP10SK(225mil) eE 5.60 e 1.00 b3 0.47 l1 1.00 1/14 LB1948MC Application Note Block Diagram Figure1 Two DC motor drive Figure2 One stepping motor drive 2/14 LB1948MC Application Note Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25C Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings Unit Maximum supply voltage VCC max -0.3 to +20 Output voltage VOUT -0.3 to +20 V Input voltage VIN -0.3 to +18 V Ground pin source current IGND Allowable power dissipation Pd max1 Independent IC 350 mW Pd max2 * 870 mW Per channel V 800 mA Operating temperature Topr -20 to +85 C Storage temperature Tstg -40 to +150 C *: When mounted on the specified printed circuit board (114.3mm ×76.1mm × 1.6mm), glass epoxy board Caution 1) Absolute maximum ratings represent the value which cannot be exceeded for any length of time. Caution 2) Even when the device is used within the range of absolute maximum ratings, as a result of continuous usage under high temperature, high current, high voltage, or drastic temperature change, the reliability of the IC may be degraded. Please contact us for the further details. Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions at Ta 25C Parameter Supply voltage Symbol Conditions VCC Ratings min typ Unit max 2.5 16 V Input high-level voltage VIH 1.8 10 V Input low-level voltage VIL -0.3 +0.7 V Electrical Characteristics at Ta 25C, VCC = 5V Parameter Current drain Symbol Conditions Ratings min typ Unit max ICC0 IN1,2,3,4=0V(Standby mode) 0.1 10 A ICC1 *1 (Forward or reverse mode) 15 21 mA ICC2 *2 (Brake mode) 30 40 A V Output saturation voltage VO(sat)1 IOUT=200mA (High side and low side) 0.25 0.35 IOUT=400mA (High side and low side) 0.50 0.75 V Input current VO(sat)2 IIN 85 110 A 30 A 1.7 V VIN = 5V Spark Killer Diode Reverse current IS(leak) Forward voltage VSF IOUT=400mA *1: IN1/IN2/IN3/IN4=H/L/L/L or L/H/L/L or L/L/H/L or L/L/L/H. *2: IN1/IN2/IN3/IN4=H/H/L/L or L/L/H/H. 3/14 LB1948MC Application Note 35 0.6 30 0.5 0.4 Vo(sat)(V) ICC0,ICC1,ICC2 (mA) 25 20 15 ICC1 10 ICC2 5 0.0 0 5 10 15 0.2 0.1 ICC0 0 0.3 0 20 100 200 500 600 Figure 2 Vo(sat) vs IOUT (VCC=VIN=12V) Figure 1 Current Drain vs VCC Voltage 400 14 350 12 300 10 250 VOUT(V) IIN(uA) 400 IOUT(mA) VCC (V) 200 150 8 6 4 100 VOUT1 50 2 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 VOUT2 0 25 0.5 1 2 2.5 3 3.5 Figure 4 VOUT vs VIN (VCC=12V) Figure 3 IIN vs VIN 40 0.8 100mA ICC1 35 0.7 ICC2 30 Vo(sat)(V) 0.6 25 20 0.4 10 0.2 5 0.1 0 50 Temp(deg) 100 Figure 5 Current drain vs Temperature (VCC=5V) 150 300mA 400mA 0.3 0 200mA 0.5 15 -50 1.5 VIN (V) VIN(V) ICC,ICC2(mA) 300 0.0 -50 0 50 100 150 Temp(deg) Figure 6 Vo(sat) vs Temperature (VCC=VIN=12V) 4/14 LB1948MC Application Note Pin function Pin No. 1 Pin name VCC Pin function Power-supply voltage pin. VCC voltage is impressed. The permissible operation voltage is from 2.5 to 16(V). The capacitor is connected for stabilization for GND pin (6pin). 2 IN1 Motor drive control input pin. Driving control input pin of OUT1 (10pin) and OUT2 (9pin). It combines with IN2 pin (3pin) and it fights desperately. The digital input it, range of the "L" level input is 0 to 0.7(V), range of the "H" level input is from 1.8 to 10(V). Pull-down resistance 80(kΩ) is built into in the pin. It becomes a standby mode because all IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 pins are made "L", and the circuit current can be adjusted to 0. 3 IN2 Motor drive control input pin. Driving control input pin of OUT1 (10pin) and OUT2 (9pin). It combines with IN1 pin (2pin) and it uses it. With built-in pull-down resistance. 4 IN3 Motor drive control input pin. Driving control input pin of OUT3 (8pin) and OUT4 (7pin). It combines with IN4 pin (5pin) and it uses it. With built-in pull-down resistance. 5 IN4 6 7 GND OUT4 Motor drive control input pin. Driving control input pin of OUT3 (8pin) and OUT4 (7pin). It combines with IN3 pin (4pin) and it uses it. With built-in pull-down resistance. Ground pin. Driving output pin. The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT3 (8pin). 8 OUT3 Driving output pin. The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT4 (7pin). 9 OUT2 Driving output pin. The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT1 (10pin). 10 OUT1 Driving output pin. The motor coil is connected between terminal OUT2 (9pin). Equivalent Circuit 5/14 LB1948MC Application Note Operation explanation 1. DCM output control logic Input Output IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 L L L L OFF OFF OFF OFF L L OFF OFF H L H L L H L H H H L L Remarks Stand-by Stand-by 1CH Forward Reverse Brake L L OFF OFF H L H L L H L H H H L L Stand-by 2CH Forward Reverse Brake 2. Thermal shutdown function The thermal shutdown circuit is incorporated and the output is turned off when junction temperature Tj exceeds 200C. As the temperature falls by hysteresis, the output turned on again (automatic restoration). The thermal shutdown circuit does not guarantee the protection of the final product because it operates when the temperature exceed the junction temperature of Tjmax=150C. TSD = 200C (typ) TSD = 75C (typ) (1)Thermal shutdown temperature The thermal shutdown temperature Ttsd is 200±20C with fluctuations. (2)Thermal shutdown operation The operation of the thermal shutdown circuit is shown in the figure below. When the chip temperature Tj is in the direction of increasing (solid line), the output turns off at approximately 200C. When the chip temperature Tj is in the direction of decreasing (dotted line), the output turns on (returns) at approximately 125C. 6/14 LB1948MC Application Note (Thermal shutdown circuit block diagram) The thermal shutdown circuit compares the voltage of the heat sensitive element (diode) with the reference voltage and shuts off the drive circuit at a certain temperature to protect the IC chip from overheating. Note: The above is an example of thermal shutdown circuits although ther are same differences from the actual internal circuit. Design Documentation (1)Voltage magnitude relationship There are no restrictions on the magnitude relationships between the voltage applied to Vcc and IN1 to IN4. (2)Parallel connection The LB1948MC can be used as a single-channel H-bridge power supply by connecting IN1 to IN3, IN2 to IN4, OUT1 to OUT3, and OUT2 to OUT4 as shown in the figure. (Iomax=1.6A, Vo(sat)=0.6V(typical) at Io=800mA) (3)Observe the following points when designing the printed circuit board pattern layout. ● Make the Vcc and ground lines as wide and as short as possible to lower the wiring inductance. ● Insert bypass capacitors between Vcc and ground mounted as close as possible to the IC. ● Resistors of about 10KΩ must be inserted between the CPU output ports and the IN1 to IN4 pins if the microcontroller and the LB1948MC are mounted on different printed circuit boards and the ground potentials differ significantly. 7/14 LB1948MC Application Note Operation principal Full-Step Drive Motor advances 90 degree by inputting 1 step. Phase A + Phase B + (1) Phase A + Phase B – (4) 90deg (3) (2) Phase A – Phase B – Phase A – Phase B + Figure 2. Motor electric angle (Full Step Drive) Figure 1. Full-Step Timing Half-Step Drive Motor advances 45 degree by inputting 1 step. Phase A + Phase B – Phase A + Phase B OFF Phase A + Phase B + (1) (2) (8) Phase A OFF Phase B – 45deg Phase A OFF Phase B + (7) (3) (6) Phase A – Phase B – Figure 3. Half-Step Timing (5) Phase A – Phase B OFF (4) Phase A – Phase B + Figure 4. Motor electric angle (Half Step Drive) 8/14 LB1948MC Application Note Application Circuit Example 1. Example of applied circuit when two DC motor driving 6 GND 7 OUT4 8 OUT3 9 OUT2 10 OUT1 6 GND 7 OUT4 8 OUT3 9 M OUT2 OUT1 10 M 2. Example of applied circuit when one stepping motor driving C1 IN2 IN3 IN4 VCC IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 IN1 2 3 VCC 1 LB1948MC + Logic Input 3. Example of applied circuit when connecting it in parallel The use likened to H-Bridge 1ch is shown possible in the figure below by connecting IN1 with IN3, IN2 with IN4, OUT1 with OUT3, and OUT2 with OUT4. (IO max = 1.6A, Upper and lower total Vo(sat)=0.6V(typ) at Io=800mA) * Bypass capacitor (C1) connected between VCC-GND of all examples of applied circuit recommends the electric field capacitor of 0.1A to 10A. Confirm there is no problem in operation in the state of the motor load including the temperature property about the value of the capacitor. Mount the position where the capacitor is mounted on nearest IC. 9/14 LB1948MC Application Note Evaluation Board Manual 1. Evaluation Board circuit diagram GND 6 OUT4 7 OUT3 8 OUT2 9 OUT1 10 Motor connection terminal IN2 IN3 3 4 SW2 IN4 IN1 2 SW1 5 VCC 1 LB1948MC SW3 SW4 C1:10μF VCC (motor power supply) VIN (control power supply) Bill of Materials for LB1948MC Evaluation Board Footprint Manufacturer Manufacturer Part Number Substitution Allowed Lead Free MFP10SK (225mil) ON Semiconductor LB1948MC No Yes SUN Electronic Industries 50ME10HC Yes Yes Switch MIYAMA MS-621-A01 Yes Yes Test points MAC8 ST-1-3 Yes Yes Designator Qty Description IC1 1 Motor Driver C1 1 VCC Bypass capacitor SW1-SW4 4 TP1-TP12 12 Value 10µF 50V Tol ±20% 10/14 LB1948MC Application Note 2. Two DC motor drive Connect OUT1 and OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4 to a DC motor each. Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VCC, the control power supply with the terminal VIN. Connect the GND line with the terminal GND. DC motor becomes the predetermined output state corresponding to the input state by inputting a signal such as the following truth value table into IN1~IN4. See the table in p.6 for further information on input logic. When you drive DC motor with LB1948MC, caution is required to switch motor rotation from forward to reverse because when doing so, electromotive force (EMF) is generated and in some cases, current can exceed the ratings which may lead to the destruction and malfunction of the IC . Coil current (lout) for each operation is obtained as follows when switching motor rotation from forward to reverse. Starting up motor operation Coil current Iout = ( VCC – EMF ) / coil resistance At startup, Iout is high because EMF is 0. As the motor starts to rotate, EMF becomes higher and Iout becomes lower. When switching motor rotation from forward to reverse: Coil current Iout = ( VCC + EMF ) / coil resistance When EMF is nearly equal to VCC at a max, make sure that the current does not exceed Iomax since a current which is about double the startup current may flow at reverse brake. Short brake: Coil current: Iout = EMF / coil resistance Since EMF is 0 when the rotation of motor stops, Iout is 0 as well. When you switch motor rotation form forward to reverse, if Iout is higher than Iomax, you can operate short brake mode between forward and reverse either to slow down or stop the motor. High Low Low Low Low Ch1 IN1 10V/div High Ch2 IN2 10V/div High Low Low Low Low Ch1 IN1 10V/div High Ch2 IN2 10V/div Short Brake Mode Inrush current Inrush current Forward Off T=200ms/div Reverse Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div Coil current Iout when switching from forward to reverse Figure # Without Brake Mode(VCC=12V) Forward Off Reverse Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div T=200ms/div Figure # With Brake Mode(VCC=12V) 11/14 LB1948MC Application Note 3. One stepping motor drive Connect a stepping motor with OUT1, OUT2, OUT3 and OUT4. Connect the motor power supply with the terminal VCC, the control power supply with the terminal VIN. Connect the GND line with the terminal GND. STP motor drives it in a Full-Step, Half-Step by inputting a signal such as follows into IN1~IN4. For input signal to function generator, refer to p.8. To reverse motor rotation, make sure to input signal to outward direction. Waveform of LB1948MC evaluation board when driving stepping motor Full-Step Drive LB1948MC Full-Step(VCC=12V, 200pps) High Low Low High High Low LB1948MC Full-Step(VCC=12V, 500pps) Ch1 IN1 10V/div T=5ms/div Low Ch2 IN2 10V/div Low Ch3 VOUT1 10V/div Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div Ch1 IN1 10V/div High Ch2 IN2 10V/div High Ch3 VOUT1 10V/div High Low *1 Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div T=5ms/div *1. When the motor rotation is at a high speed, current gradient increases by the inductance of motor (L). 12/14 LB1948MC Application Note Half-Step Drive LB1948MC Half-Step(VCC=12V, 200pps) High Low Low High High Ch2 IN2 10V/div High Low Low Low High High Ch3 VOUT1 10V/div Off *1 Ch1 IN1 10V/div LB1948MC Half-Step(VCC=12V, 500pps) Low Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div T=5ms/div Ch2 IN2 10V/div Ch3 VOUT1 10V/div Off *2 Ch1 IN1 10V/div Ch4 IOUT1 200mA/div T=2ms/div *1.With Half-Step mode, voltage kick-back and electromotive force occur in current OFF period. *2.When the motor rotation is at a high speed, current gradient increases by inductance of motor (L). 13/14 LB1948MC Application Note ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. 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