Component - Delta Sigma ADC (ADC_DelSig) V3.0 datasheet.pdf

PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
3.0
Features
 Selectable resolutions, 8 to 20 bits
 Eleven input ranges for each resolution
 Sample rate 8 sps to 384 ksps
 Operational modes:

□
Single sample
□
Multi-sample
□
Continuous mode
□
Multi-sample (Turbo)
High input impedance input buffer
□



Selectable input buffer gain (1, 2, 4, 8) or input buffer bypass
Multiple internal or external reference options
Automatic power configuration
Up to four run-time ADC configurations
General Description
The Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig) provides a low-power, low-noise
front end for precision measurement applications. You can use it in a wide range of applications,
depending on resolution, sample rate, and operating mode. It can produce 16-bit audio; high
speed and low resolution for communications processing; and high-precision 20-bit low-speed
conversions for sensors such as strain gauges, thermocouples, and other high-precision
sensors. When processing audio information, the ADC_DelSig is used in a continuous operation
mode. When used for scanning multiple sensors, the ADC_DelSig is used in one of the multisample modes. When used for single-point high-resolution measurements, the ADC_DelSig is
used in single-sample mode.
Delta-sigma converters use oversampling to spread the quantization noise across a wider
frequency spectrum. This noise is shaped to move most of it outside the input signal's
bandwidth. An internal low-pass filter is used to filter out the noise outside the desired input
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation • 198 Champion Court • San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Revised September 26, 2014
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
signal bandwidth. This makes delta-sigma converters good for both high-speed mediumresolution (8 to 16 bits) applications, and low-speed high-resolution (16 to 20 bits) applications.
The sample rate can be adjusted between 10 and 384000 samples per second, depending on
mode and resolution. Choices of conversion modes simplify interfacing to single streaming
signals such as audio, or multiplexing between multiple signal sources.
The ADC_DelSig is composed of three blocks: an input amplifier, a third-order delta-sigma
modulator, and a decimator (see Figure 1). The input amplifier provides a high-impedance input
and a user-selectable input gain. The decimator block contains a four-stage CIC decimation filter
and a post-processing unit. The CIC filter operates on the data sample directly from the
modulator. The post-processing unit optionally performs gain, offset, and simple filter functions
on the output of the CIC decimator filter.
Figure 1. ADC_DelSig Block Diagram
Delta Sigma Modulator
+
Input
Input
Buffer
Decimator
Result
DAC
Input/Output Connections
Input and output connections to the ADC_DelSig component are displayed as pins on the
component symbol in the schematic view. An asterisk (*) in the list of I/Os indicates that the I/O
may be hidden on the symbol under the conditions listed in the description of that I/O.
nVref – Input *
The nVref is an optional pin. It is shown if you have selected the Enable_Vref_Vssa checkbox.
This allows you to connect the ADC's reference Vssa to the analog global (AGL[6]). If the
Enable_Vref_Vssa checkbox is not selected, this pin is not shown on the symbol. See the
parameter Enable Vref/Vssa description for more information.
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Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
+Input – Analog
Positive analog signal input to the ADC_DelSig. The positive input signal is always present in
both the single-ended and differential-input modes. The ADC converter output returns a value
that represents the difference in voltage between positive input and the negative input signal.
–Input – Analog *
Negative analog signal input to the ADC_DelSig. The negative input pin is only displayed on the
component when the ADC Input Mode is set to Differential. When ADC Input Mode is set to
Single, the negative input is connected to either Vssa or Vref, depending on the input range
selected.
soc – Input *
Start of Conversion (soc) starts hardware-triggered ADC conversions when a rising edge is
detected. A rising edge on this pin has the same effect as calling the ADC_StartConvert()
function. This input is shown when the user selects the Hardware SOC parameter, which
enables an external pin to start conversion. If Hardware SOC is not selected, the I/O pin on the
component will be hidden. In Single Sample mode, a single conversion is executed and the ADC
halts. In Continuous and other modes, ADC conversions continue until either the
ADC_StopConvert() or ADC_Stop() functions are executed.
aclk – Input *
External clock source. This pin is present if the Clock Source parameter is set to External. If the
Clock Source parameter is set to Internal, the clock is configured automatically within the
component and the aclk pin is not shown. The aclk input is a clock that is generated outside the
component. This clock signal may be derived internal to the chip or from a source external to the
PSoC. Set this clock to the value displayed in the Clock Frequency parameter to achieve the
selected sample rate. The duty cycle should be 50 percent. This clock determines the conversion
rate as a function of conversion method and resolution. A clock that is external to the ADC
should always be based on the system clock. If a more accurate and stable clock is required, the
system clock should be based on an external (external to the PSoC) clock or oscillator.
eoc – Output
A rising edge on the End of Conversion (eoc) signals that a conversion is complete. The pin
goes high for one ADC clock period. The eoc is typically connected to an interrupt or DMA
request. The DMA request is typically used to transfer the conversion output to system RAM,
DFB, or another component. There is already an interrupt, internal to the component, which is
connected to this signal.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
mi – Input *
Modulator Input is used to dynamically control the polarity of the signal in the modulator. Polarity
is inverted when “mi” input is high. This input signal allows the user to modulate the input signal
with an independent clock to act as a signal mixer.
Component Parameters
The Delta Sigma ADC is a highly configurable analog to digital converter. Drag an ADC_DelSig
component onto your design and double-click it to open the Configure dialog.
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Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Modes
Conversion mode
The ADC_DelSig operates in one of four modes:
Mode
0 - Single Sample
Description
The ADC produces one sample per startup conversion.
The interrupt should be enabled for ADC conversion with Single Sample conversion mode
when the resolution is above 16 bits. To do so, enable the Global Interrupt (by calling
CYGlobalIntEnable) in the application (main.c).
Single Sample conversion mode allows queuing of one conversion. If a sample is requested
either by calling the StartConvert() function or by using the “soc” input before the current
conversion is complete, another conversion will automatically be started after the current
conversion is complete.
1 - Multi-Sample
Multi-sample mode captures single samples back to back, resetting itself and the modulator
between each sample automatically.
This mode is useful when the input is switched between multiple signals. The filters are
flushed between each sample so previous samples do not affect the current conversion.
Note Take care when switching signals between ADC conversions. Either switch the input
quickly between conversions with hardware control or stop the ADC conversion
(ADC_StopConvert()) while switching the input. Then restart the ADC conversion
(ADC_StartConvert()) after the new signal has been connected to the ADC. Failure to do this
may result in contamination between signals in the ADC results.
2 - Continuous
Continuous sample mode operates as a normal delta-sigma converter. Use this mode when
measuring a single input signal. There is a latency of three conversion times before the first
conversion result is available. This is the time required to prime the internal filter. After the
first result, a conversion will be available at the selected sample rate. Do not use this mode
when multiple signals are multiplexed and measured with a single ADC.
3 - Multi-Sample
(Turbo)
The Multi-Sample (Turbo) mode operates identically to the Multi-Sample mode for resolutions
of 8 to 16 bits. For resolutions of 17 to 20 bits, the performance of this mode is about four
times faster than the Multi-Sample mode.
Note Take care when switching signals between ADC conversions. Either switch the input
quickly between conversions with hardware control or stop the ADC conversion
(ADC_StopConvert()) while switching the input. Then restart the ADC conversion
(ADC_StartConvert()) after the new signal has been connected to the ADC. Failure to do this
may result in contamination between signals in the ADC results.
All four ADC modes fully flush the decimator when the ADC initially starts conversions. This
ensures that the first reading from the ADC is valid as long as the input voltage is stable before
starting conversions with either the ADC_StartConvert() API or when triggered by the “soc” input.
Although all modes reset the decimator when starting the ADC, only the continuous mode does
not reset the decimator between readings. Because of this, the first reading in continuous mode
takes four times longer than the subsequent readings. When using an analog mux to scan
between multiple inputs, make sure that the ADC is not running while the input switches are
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
changing. To switch input between samples when using modes other than continuous, use the
analog hardware mux.
When changing the Conversion mode parameter, the clock frequency changes to maintain the
selected sample rate. If the ADC clock frequency exceeds the minimum or maximum, an error
message is displayed.
Note When operating in either the Multi-Sample, Continuous, or Multi-Sample (Turbo) modes,
exercise caution to read the last ADC reading prior to the next ADC result completion. If reading
the last result at the exact same time as the next result is complete, an incoherent reading may
occur. When using DMA triggered by EOC or code in the ADC's ISR, this issue is easily avoided.
Since you have a complete conversion time to read the last result, this should not be a problem
in most designs. If the firmware cannot keep up with the ADC's conversion rate, the rate should
be reduced to a manageable speed. This condition only occurs in the PSoC 3 family of products.
Resolution
The resolution of the ADC_DelSig is entered as an integer value, limited to 8 to 20 bits. Higher
resolution results in lower sample rate. Default resolution is 16 bits. When you change the
Resolution parameter, the clock frequency changes to maintain the selected sample rate. If the
ADC clock frequency exceeds the minimum or maximum, conversion rate also changes to fit into
range.
Delta-sigma ADCs have inherent instability, resulting in nonlinearity at the positive and negative
limits of the operating range. To correct for this, the input has been attenuated by 10 percent at
the front end of the modulator. The post processor then compensates for this attenuation with a
gain of about 1.11. The end result expands the input range by 10 percent. For example, if you
select the input range ±1.024 V, the actual range of the ADC is approximately ±1.126 V. The
usable input range remains ±1.024 V, but the ADC will not saturate until the input exceeds
±1.126 V.
The digital output from the ADC also over-ranges by 10 percent. If the ADC is configured for
10-bit operation, normally a 10-bit differential ADC’s output will range from –512 to 511, for an
input of –1.024 to +1.022, respectively. Because of this additional 10 percent of range, the digital
output will not saturate until about ± 563 counts, instead of –512 to 511.
This is not normally a concern unless a resolution of 8 or 16 bits is selected. When the resolution
is set to either 8 or 16 bits, make sure that the numerical value does not wrap around from its
most positive or negative value to a negative or positive value, respectively. To make sure that
this does not occur, it is good practice to use the API function that returns a word larger than the
set resolution. For example, if the resolution is set to 16 bits and there is a possibility that the
most positive value may be larger than 32767 or less than –32768, use the ADC_GetResult32()
function instead of ADC_GetResult16(). The proper 16-bit value is returned without over-ranging.
When the resolution is set to 8 bits and the ADC output values may be less than –128 or greater
than 127, use the ADC_GetResult16() function. The proper 8-bit value is returned without overranging.
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Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Figure 2. Sample Rate Limits for ADC_DelSig
1000000
100000
10000
1000
Continuous
Multi-Sample
100
Multi-SampleTurbo
10
1
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Resolution, bits
Conversion rate
ADC conversion rate is entered as an integer decimal value in samples per second (SPS). The
maximum sample rate is a function of resolution, sample mode, and maximum operating clock
frequency; the higher the resolution, the lower the sample rate. The minimum clock for all
resolutions is 128 kHz. The maximum clock for resolutions between 8 and 15 bits is 6.144 MHz.
The maximum clock for resolutions between 16 and 20 bits is 3.027 MHz.
See Figure 2 for valid conversion rates for each resolution and conversion mode combination;
the same information is presented in tabular form in Table 1.
The following data applies to ADC range = ±1.024 V with Buffer Gain = 1.0.
Table 1. Sample Rate Limits for ADC_DelSig (Buffer Gain = 1)
Single Sample
Multi-Sample
Continuous
Multi-Sample Turbo
Resolution
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
8
1561
74926
1911
91701
8000
384000
1581
75851
9
1293
62060
1543
74042
6400
307200
1307
62693
10
1143
54857
1348
64673
5566
267130
1154
55351
11
993
47627
1154
55351
4741
227555
1000
48000
12
854
40960
978
46900
4000
192000
860
41234
13
716
34324
806
38641
3283
157538
720
34516
14
616
29538
685
32855
2783
133565
619
29681
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Single Sample
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Multi-Sample
Continuous
Multi-Sample Turbo
Resolution
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
15
534
25600
585
28054
2371
113777
536
25707
16
458
10971
495
11861
2000
48000
459
11010
17
271
6494
124
2965
500
12000
272
6508
18
104
2475
31
741
125
3000
104
2477
19
15
357
4
93
16
375
15
357
20
8
182
2
46
8
187
8
182
The ADC buffer has a finite gain bandwidth which affects settling time. Increasing the buffer gain
reduces the available maximum sample rate. The maximum sample rate is the sample rate in
Table 1 divided by the buffer gain. Other ranges and buffer gains also affect the maximum
sample rate.
When changing the Conversion rate parameter, the clock frequency changes to maintain the
selected sample rate. If the ADC clock frequency exceeds the minimum or maximum, an error
indication displays next to the parameter. See Invalid settings.
Range
This field is a read-only (always unavailable) area that displays the minimum and maximum
available conversion rate for the current settings.
Actual conversion rate
This read-only field displays an actual recalculated conversion rate based on the Master Clock
frequency taken from the Design-Wide Resources (DWR) Clock Editor and calculated integer
divider. The Actual conversion rate may differ from Conversion rate because of an integer
divider of the source clock.
Clock frequency
This text box is a read-only (always unavailable) area that displays the required clock rate for the
selected operating conditions: conversion mode, resolution, conversion rate, input range, and
buffer gain. It is updated when any of these conditions change. The clock frequency is displayed
with a resolution of 1 Hz.
The rate is displayed in the Design-Wide Resources Clock Editor, which always shows the clock
frequency for Config 1. The ADC API sets the current clock frequency based on the configuration
selected during run time when the Clock source parameter is set to Internal.
When you use a clock external to the ADC (either external to the chip or supplied from a userselected internal clock), its value is displayed in this field. Conversion rate field is read-only in
this mode and is calculated based on the clock frequency.
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Invalid settings
The parameters Conversion mode, Resolution, and Conversion rate all affect the ADC clock
frequency. Changing any of these parameters may cause the ADC clock frequency to exceed
the maximum or minimum rate. The maximum ADC frequency is a function of Resolution,
Buffer gain, and Input range. If an invalid setting for these parameters occurs, a red circle with
an exclamation point appears near Conversion rate field.
If you hover the cursor over one of the error symbols, an error message appears. Change the
parameters as needed to comply with the ADC specifications.
Input options
Input range
This parameter configures the ADC for a given input range. This configures the input to the ADC
and is independent of the Buffer gain setting. The analog signals connected to the IC must be
between Vssa and Vdda no matter what input range settings are used.
The absolute maximum of the ADC input range is always dictated by the absolute maximum and
minimum of the Buffer mode.
The options available for this parameter vary depending on the Input Mode selection; Table 2
and Table 3 describe the options.
The following options are available when Input mode is set to Differential. For systems where
both single-ended and differential signals are scanned, connect the negative input to Vssa when
scanning a single-ended input. Depending on the application, you can select Rail to Rail, Level
Shift, or Bypass Buffer using the Buffer mode parameter. See the Buffer parameter
description for more details.
You can use an external reference to provide a different operating range. The usable input range
can be calculated with the applicable equation.
Table 2. Differential Input Range Options
Input Range
Internal Ref
(External Ref)
Description
±1.024 V
(–Input ± Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 1.024 V. If the
negative input is connected to 2.048 V the usable input range is 2.048 ±- 1.024 V or 1.024 to
3.072 V.
±2.048 V
(–Input ± 2*Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 2.048 V. If the
negative input is connected to 2.028 V the usable input range is 2.048 ± 2.048 V or 0.0 to
4.096 V.
±6.144 V
(–Input ± 6*Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 6.144 V, but not
exceeding maximum electrical input range. You can use this mode to measure the supply
voltages when connecting the negative input to Vssa. If you intend to measure the supply you
must bypass the buffer.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Input Range
Internal Ref
(External Ref)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Description
±0.512 V
(–Input ± Vref/2)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 0.512 V. If –Input is
connected to 1.0 V the usable input range is 1.0 ± 0.512 V or 0.488 to 1.512 V.
±0.256 V
(–Input ± Vref/4)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 0.256 V. If –Input is
connected to 1.0 V the usable input range is 1.0 ± 0.256 V or 0.744 to 1.256 V.
±0.128 V
(–Input ± Vref/8)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 0.128 V. If –Input is
connected to 1.0 V the usable input range is 1.0 ± 0.128 V or 0.872 to 1.128 V.
±0.064 V
(–Input ± Vref/16)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 0.064V. If –Input is
connected to 1.0 V the usable input range is 1.0 ± 0.064 V or 0.936 to 1.064 V.
The options listed in the previous table depend on the Vref setting. The following table shows
examples with the Vref equal to 1.024 V and 1.200 V. The leading numeric value depends on the
Vref setting in the Reference section.
With Vref = 1.024 V
With Vref = 1.2 V
±1.024 V (–Input ± Vref)
±1.200 V (–Input ±Vref)
±2.048 V (–Input ± Vref*2)
± 2.400 V (–Input ± Vref*2)
±6.144 V (–Input ± 6*Vref)
±7.200 V (–Input ± 6*Vref)
±0.512 V (–Input ± Vref/2)
±0.600 V (–Input ± Vref/2)
±0.256 V (–Input ± Vref/4)
±0.300 V (–Input ± Vref/4)
±0.128 V (–Input ± Vref/8)
±0.150 V (–Input ± Vref/8)
±0.064 V (–Input ± Vref/16)
±0.075 V (–Input ±Vref/16)
The following options are available when Input Mode is set to Single. To simulate single-ended
operation, connect the negative input to an internal reference value (Vssa or Vref).
Depending on the application, you can select Rail to Rail, Level Shift, or Bypass Buffer using
the Buffer Mode parameter. See the Buffer parameter description for more details.
You can use an external reference to provide a different operating range. The usable input range
can be calculated with the applicable equation.
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Table 3. Single-Ended Input Range Options
Input Range
Internal Ref
(External Ref)
Description
Vssa to 1.024 V
(0 to Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the usable input voltage to the ADC is 0.0 to
1.024 V.
Vssa to 2.048 V
(0.0 to 2*Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the usable input voltage to the ADC is 0.0 to
2.048 V. This range requires that the input buffer gain be equal to 1. If a gain other than 1 is
selected, the ADC will not operate properly. This is because the reference voltage in this case
is connected to the negative input directly. The gain of the input buffer will only amplify the
positive input and not the negative, causing an unbalanced amplification.
Vssa to Vdda
This mode is ratiometric of the supply voltage. The input range is Vssa to Vdda.
Do not use an external reference for this setting. This range requires that the input buffer gain
be equal to 1. If a gain other than 1 is selected, the ADC will not operate properly.
Vssa to 6.144 V
(Vssa to 6*Vref)
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the input range is 0.0 to 6.144 V, but not
exceeding maximum electrical input range. You can use this mode to measure the supply
voltage. If you intend to measure the supply you must bypass the buffer.
The following table shows the example with Vref = 1.024 V and 1.2 V. The leading numeric value
depends on the Vref setting in the Reference section.
With Vref = 1.024 V
With Vref = 1.2 V
Vssa to 1.024 V (0.0 to Vref)
Vssa to 1.200 V (0.0 to Vref)
Vssa to 2.048 V (0.0 to Vref*2)
Vssa to 2.400 V (0.0 to Vref*2)
Vssa to Vdda
Vssa to Vdda
Vssa to 6.144 V (0.0 to 6*Vref)
Vssa to 7.200 V (0.0 to 6*Vref)
Note When selecting the Vssa to Vdda option, the customizer automatically selects either the
Vdda/4 or Vdda/3 reference. This selection is based on the value of Vdda entered in the designwide resources.
Buffer gain
This parameter selects the ADC input buffer gain. The ADC buffer has a finite gain bandwidth
which affects settling time. Increasing the buffer gain reduces the available maximum sample
rate. The maximum sample rate is the sample rate in Table 1 divided by the buffer gain.
To achieve the highest signal-to-noise ratio, it is important to use the full range of the ADC. The
input buffer can be used to amplify the input signal to make use of the full range of the ADC.
Make sure the Buffer gain and Input range settings are compatible.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Unbuffered
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Buffered
Buffer Gain
Description
1
Sets input buffer gain at 1.
2
Sets input buffer gain at 2.
4
Sets input buffer gain at 4.
8
Sets input buffer gain at 8.
Buffer mode
This parameter selects the ADC input buffer mode. The ADC has maximum sample rate when
the buffer is used. The unbuffered modes have slightly reduced bandwidth.
Buffer Mode
Description
Bypass Buffer
Disables the input buffer gain. If selected, the buffer is disabled to reduce the
overall power consumption. The Buffer Gain parameter does not have any effect
if this mode is selected. If this mode is selected then input impedance is reduced
to less than 500 kΩ. See Figure 3 for specifics on range.
Rail to Rail
Sets the input buffer mode to rail to rail. See Figure 3 for specifics on range.
Level Shift
Sets the input buffer mode to Level Shift. Both positive and negative input buffers
are used. Level Shift mode allows you to go below the VSSA but not all the way to
VDDA. See Figure 3 for specifics on range.
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Figure 3 shows the ADC range for all Buffer Modes.
Figure 3. ADC Range
+100 mV
Vdda
~250 mV
Vdda
–100 mV
Vssa
~650 mV
ADC Range
(Level Shift Mode)
ADC Range
(Rail to Rail Mode)
ADC Range
(Bypass Buffer Mode)
Vssa
Vdda
100 mV
Vssa
–100 mV
Reference
Vref
This parameter selects the ADC_DelSig reference voltage and configuration. The reference
voltage sets the range of the ADC.
ADC_Reference
Description
Internal Vref 1.024 Volts
Use the internal 1.024-V reference (default)
Internal Vref,
1
Bypassed on P0[3]
Use the internal 1.024-V reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P0[3].
Internal Vref,
1
Bypassed on P3[2]
Use the internal 1.024-V reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P3[2].
External Vref on P0[3]
Use an external reference on pin P0[3]. See Delta-Sigma ADC DC Specifications for the
allowable range.
External Vref on P3[2]
Use an external reference on pin P3[2].
Internal Vdda/4
Use the internal Vdda/4 reference.
Internal Vdda/4,
1
Bypassed on P0[3]
Use the internal Vdda/4 reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P0[3].
Internal Vdda/4,
1
Bypassed on P3[2]
Use the internal Vdda/4 reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P3[2].
1
The accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio are highly dependent on the quality of the reference. The reference supplied to the ADC
can be bypassed on either port P0[3] or port P3[2]. The use of an external bypass capacitor is recommended. The reference
noise is frequency dependent, as shown in the measurements of Figure 4.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
ADC_Reference
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Description
Internal Vdda/3
Use the internal Vdda/3 reference.
Internal Vdda/3,
1
Bypassed on P0[3]
Use the internal Vdda/3 reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P0[3].
Internal Vdda/3,
1
Bypassed on P3[2]
Use the internal Vdda/3 reference and allow an external bypass capacitor to be
connected on pin P3[2].
Figure 4. Reference Noise
When the integrated reference noise is less than the integrated quantization noise over the band
up to fSAMPLE/2, the reference does not limit noise performance. You can select a suitable larger
capacitor value according to resolution using the following table.
Resolution (bits)
Bypass Capacitor Value (µF)
10
0.01
12
0.01
14
0.1 to 1.0
16
0.1 to 1.0
18
1.0 to 10.0
Note The same internal reference is used for ADC_SAR and for ADC_DelSig components. If
both types of the ADC have to work with internal reference simultaneously, use the Internal Vref,
bypassed option for the best performance.
Page 14 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Vref value
This parameter sets or displays the reference voltage used by the ADC. If the Internal 1.024
Volts reference is used, the value 1.0240 is displayed. If the Internal Vdda/3 or Internal Vdda/4
reference option is selected, the value is derived from the Vdda setting in the design-wide
resource page. If an external reference is selected, you can enter the reference used to ensure
the counts-to-volts APIs work properly. The minimum and maximum values that can be entered
are 0.9 to 1.3V, respectively. The default is 1.024V. When the selected reference is outside the
range of 0.9 to 1.3V, an error symbol at the end of the Vref value numerical drop down menu
alerts you that an error condition has occurred. Also, compilation fails if the Vref value exceeds
the expected range of 0.9 to 1.3V.
The table below shows the Vref value displayed when different reference options are selected.
Reference Selected
Vref Value Displayed
Comment
Internal 1.024 Volts
1.0240
Value not editable.
Internal Bypassed on P0.3
1.0240
Value not editable.
Internal Bypassed on P3.2
1.0240
Value not editable.
External Vref on P0.3
1.0240
Value is editable with a default value of 1.0240.
External Vref on P3.2
1.0240
Value is editable with a default value of 1.0240.
Internal Vdda/4
1.2500*
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
*The example shown is for a Vdda of 5 V.
Internal Vdda/4 Bypassed
on P0.3
1.2500*
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
*The example shown is for a Vdda of 5 V.
Internal Vdda/4 Bypassed
on P3.2
1.2500*
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
*The example shown is for a Vdda of 5 V.
Internal Vdda/3
1.100**
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
**The example shown is for a Vdda of 3.3 V
Internal Vdda/3 Bypassed
on P0.3
1.100**
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
**The example shown is for a Vdda of 3.3 V.
Internal Vdda/3 Bypassed
on P3.2
1.100**
This value is derived from the Vdda setting in the designwide resource. Value is not editable.
**The example shown is for a Vdda of 3.3 V.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 15 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Coherency
The output sample value is three bytes wide. It is protected on reads so that the underlying
hardware doesn’t update it when partially read by the system software or DMA. Depending on
the configuration of the block, not all bits of the output sample register are of interest. The
coherency methodology allows for any size of the output field and handles it properly.
By default the coherency is set to LSB byte for Right alignment mode (LOW) and could be
changed to medium (MID) or MSB byte (HIGH) when Left alignment mode selected.
Alignment
This parameter determines how the result is aligned in the 24 bit result word. Normally all results
are right justified, but in cases where the ADC result will be transferred to the DFB, it makes
more sense to have the data left justified.
The following tables show all the details.
Resolution
Alignment Option
8-20
Coherency
Right
Resolution
LOW
Left Alignment Options
8 to 15
16
17-20
Comment
The full range results will be right aligned to bit 0.
Coherency
Comment
16 bits (OVF Protected)
MID
The full range results will be aligned to bit 14.
16 bits (Not OVF Protected)
MID
The full range results will be aligned to bit 15.
Care should be taken that most negative values
do not exceed full range limit.
24 bits (OVF Protected)
HIGH
The result will be 24 bits and the full range value
will be aligned at bit 22.
16 bits (Not OVF Protected)
MID
The full range results will be aligned to bit 15.
Care should be taken that most negative values
do not exceed full range limit.
Bit-23 (OVF Protected)
HIGH
24-bit values aligned with bit 22 but sign
extended to 32 bits.
Result register bits for differential mode ( “0” – LSB, “-“ – null )
Alignment
Right
Page 16 of 53
Res. 23
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Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Result register bits for differential mode ( “0” – LSB, “-“ – null )
Alignment
Res. 23
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24 bits (OVF
Protected)
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 17 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Common Settings
Number of configurations
You may define up to four different configurations using the Number of configurations
parameter. For example, the system may require switching between continuous mode 16 bits, 48
ksps for audio; single sample mode 20 bits, 60 sps for low level analog sensors; and multisample mode for 12-bit general-purpose multi-channel data logging. All configurations must use
the same input mode, all single-ended or all differential.
By default, the ADC is set to the first configuration (Config1) unless the
ADC_SelectConfiguration() function sets the configuration to a different value. When selecting
between two and four configurations, additional tabs appear in the Configure dialog. These
multiple configurations allow you to change modes during run time. Each configuration is
contained in its own tab.
There are some considerations when using multiple ADC configurations:



All configurations must use the same input mode, all single-ended or all differential.
The Vref parameter also has some restrictions. If the options on Config 1 set an external
reference or bypass mode, the other configurations may select the same mode or use the
internal reference.
Each configuration has a separate Interrupt Service Routine function. When the
ADC_SelectConfiguration() function is called, the interrupt vector changes to the
corresponding interrupt vector routine.
Page 18 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Clock source
The ADC can be clocked by a source internal to the ADC component, a source external to the
component but internal to the chip using a standard clock component or UDB, or by a source
external to the chip. The internal or external clock selection is made using a radio button. When
external clock is enabled, a clock input pin is displayed on the ADC schematic symbol. External
clocks must have 50-percent duty cycle. The internal clock is guaranteed by design to have the
correct duty cycle.
Clock stability is important for achieving low noise operation. One of the effects of jitter is
substantial spreading of the signal. These are clearly shown in the following FFTs. The signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) of the ADC can be significantly improved with the use of an external clock.
One measure of ADC performance is the distortion caused by INL, DNL, and timing errors. This
distortion is measured by driving the ADC with a “perfect” sine wave then evaluating the output
using an FFT (fast Fourier transform). Excess INL results in harmonic distortion with “lines” at
multiples of the input sine wave frequency. Excess DNL results in an overall increase in the
noise floor. Timing errors (frequency jitter) in the clock to the ADC result in spreading of the
indicated fundamental from a nominal single line in the FFT. The PSoC internal clock has more
frequency jitter than an external crystal oscillator. The upper plot shows the noise and spread in
the FFT at the fundamental from the internal clock. The lower plot shows substantial reduction in
the spreading of the fundamental as a result of the reduced frequency jitter from the external
crystal oscillator.
Figure 5. Noise versus Clock
Single-Frequency FFT for Internal Oscillator
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 19 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Single-Frequency FFT using External Crystal Oscillator
Input mode
The ADC is inherently differential; however, you may use this parameter to simplify single-ended
use.
This parameter configures the ADC for a differential or single-ended input. The default selection
is Differential. In this mode, both negative and positive inputs are shown on the symbol. When
single-ended mode is selected, the negative input to the ADC is connected to Vssa.
Differential
Single Ended
Note that that the Delta-Sigma ADC in PSoC 3 and PSoC 5LP devices inherently has differential
input. Single-ended mode is implemented by internally connecting the negative input to ground.
Figure 6 shows the input-output characteristics of the delta-sigma ADC for differential and single
ended input range for 16-bit resolution. The ADC is a differential ADC, although by connecting
the Vn input to Vssa, it effectively makes the ADC look as if it were a single ended ADC, since all
inputs will be referenced to Vssa. Even in the single ended mode, in some buffer modes the Vp
input may be up to 100mV below Vssa which will cause the ADC to return a correct negative
value. This is why ADC return value is always a signed number.
When ADC is in the differential mode, the full input range will always be symmetrical around
zero. When in single ended mode, the input range will be from just below Vssa to the full scale
value.
Page 20 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Figure 6. Delta-Sigma ADC I/O Characteristics
Differential Input
Single Ended Input
0x7FFF
0xFFFF
Vp-Vn
0x0000
-Vref*N
Vref*N
0x0000
Vssa
Vp-Vn
+Vref*N
0x8000
Note that when you configure the ADC for 16-bit single-ended mode, the output doesn’t stop at
0x7FFF, but goes all the way up to 0xFFFF. As an example, a 16-bit single-ended ADC is
implemented by considering a 17-bit differential ADC and ignoring half of the range (although the
internal implementation is slightly different from that).
If your system requires both single-ended and differential modes, you must select differential
mode and you can use an analog mux to connect Vssa to the negative input of the ADC to use
as a single-ended ADC.
This parameter controls the options available in the Input Range parameter.
Hardware SOC (Start of Conversion)
The ADC may be started by firmware with the ADC_StartConvert() function or by triggering with
a hardware signal. Checking the Hardware SOC parameter enables an external pin to start
conversion. When Hardware SOC is enabled, the pin is displayed on the component; otherwise,
no pin is displayed. The conversion starts on the rising edge of the signal on the pin.
Conversions continue until ADC_StopConvert() is called. By default, Hardware SOC is disabled.
If a conversion is already in process, a Hardware SOC trigger is ignored.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 21 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
External charge pump clock
The External charge pump clock option is always enabled to guarantee the optimal charge pump
clock frequency. This maximizes ADC performance. Charge pump clock frequency is
automatically adjusted for optimal performance, but with the lowest power. This clock is adjusted
to be 2 to 4 times that of the ADC clock frequency. This option is not available for user selection
and is read-only.
Enable Vref/Vssa
This parameter allows you to connect the negative input of the ADC's reference Vssa to the
analog global AGL[6]. For high-precision systems, the Vref_Vssa can be connected to the
external Vssa to eliminate any small difference between the on-chip Vssa and the off-chip Vssa.
This small difference could cause a gain error in the ADC.
Vref_Vssa is an advanced feature that is useful when using an external reference supplied to the
ADC. The Vref_Vssa connection can be routed through the analog routing fabric and brought out
to a pin. This enables you to connect to an external reference and eliminate any offset in the
reference supplied to the ADC due to I*R drops in the Vssa pin and bonding wire.
The Vref_Vssa is directly connected to Analog Global Left 6 (AGL[6]). (See the analog routing
diagram in the device datasheet for more information.) AGL[6] makes direct connections to pins
P4[6], P4[2], P0[6] and P0[2]. For the best performance, make sure that Vref_Vssa is connected
to one of these pins. Placing Vref_Vssa on another pin causes extra routing resources to be
consumed and extra resistance to be added in series with the connection.
The manual analog routing system (MARS) components allow you to a add rule check that
ensures that only the specified pins can be used. By placing an Analog Resource Constraint on
the Vref_Vssa net, only resources that make direct connections to that net can be used. If you
place a pin on that net that is not directly connected to AGL[6], the tool generates an error during
the build process. The error indicates that you have connected a resource to that net that has no
direct connection to the pin and therefore cannot route. The following graphic is an example:
Enable modulator input
When this parameter is enabled, the modulator input terminal will be enabled on the symbol. The
designer may route a signal from the DSI to drive the modulator input “mi” signal. This is an
advanced user option.
Page 22 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Application Programming Interface
Application Programming Interface (API) routines allow you to configure the component using
software. The following table lists and describes the interface to each function. The subsequent
sections cover each function in more detail.
By default, PSoC Creator assigns the instance name “ADC_DelSig_1” to the first instance of a
component in a given design. You can rename the instance to any unique value that follows the
syntactic rules for identifiers. The instance name becomes the prefix of every global function
name, variable, and constant symbol. For readability, the instance name used in the following
table is “ADC”.
Function
Description
ADC_Start()
Sets the initVar variable, calls the ADC_Init() function, and then calls the
ADC_Enable() function.
ADC_Stop()
Stops ADC conversions and powers down
ADC_SetBufferGain()
Selects input buffer gain (1,2,4,8)
ADC_StartConvert()
Starts conversion
ADC_StopConvert()
Stops conversions
ADC_IRQ_Enable()
Enables interrupts at the end of conversion
ADC_IRQ_Disable()
Disables interrupts
ADC_IsEndConversion()
Returns a nonzero value if conversion is complete
ADC_GetResult8()
Returns an 8-bit conversion result
ADC_GetResult16()
Returns a 16-bit conversion result
ADC_GetResult32()
Returns a 32-bit conversion result
ADC_Read8()
Starts ADC conversions, waits for the conversion to be complete, stops ADC
conversion and returns the signed 8-bit value of result.
ADC_Read16()
Starts ADC conversions, waits for the conversion to be complete, stops ADC
conversion and returns the signed 16-bit value of result.
ADC_Read32()
Starts ADC conversions, waits for the conversion to be complete, stops ADC
conversion and returns the signed 32-bit value of result.
ADC_SetOffset()
Sets the offset used by the ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(),
and ADC_CountsTo_Volts() functions.
ADC_SelectConfiguration()
Sets one of up to four ADC configurations
ADC_SetGain()
Sets the gain used by the ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(),
and ADC_CountsTo_Volts() functions.
ADC_CountsTo_mVolts()
Converts ADC counts to millivolts
ADC_CountsTo_uVolts()
Converts ADC counts to microvolts
ADC_CountsTo_Volts()
Converts ADC counts to floating point volts
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 23 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Function
Description
ADC_Sleep()
Stops ADC operation and saves the user configuration
ADC_Wakeup()
Restores and enables the user configuration
ADC_Init()
Initializes or restores the ADC using the Configure dialog settings
ADC_Enable()
Enables the ADC
ADC_SaveConfig()
Saves the current configuration
ADC_RestoreConfig()
Restores the configuration
ADC_SetCoherency()
Sets the coherency register
ADC_SetGCOR()
Calculates a new GCOR value and sets the GCOR registers with this new value
ADC_ReadGCOR()
Returns the normalized GCOR register values
Global Variables
Variable
ADC_initVar
Description
The ADC_initVar variable indicates whether the ADC has been initialized. The variable is
initialized to 0 and set to 1 the first time ADC_Start() is called. This allows the component
to restart without reinitialization after the first call to the ADC_Start() routine.
If reinitialization of the component is required, then the ADC_Init() function can be called
before the ADC_Start() or ADC_Enable() functions.
ADC_offset
The ADC_offset variable is used to calibrate offset. Initially, this variable is set to zero.
Applications can modify it using the ADC_SetOffset() function. It affects only the
ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() functions
by subtracting the given offset.
ADC_CountsPerVolt
The ADC_countsPerVolt variable is used to calibrate gain. Initially, this variable is
calculated for the default ADC configuration. The calculated value depends on resolution,
input range, and voltage reference. Applications can modify it using the ADC_SetGain()
function. It affects only the ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and
ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() functions by supplying the correct conversion between ADC
counts and the applied input voltage.
ADC_convDone
The ADC_convDone variable is used as the software flag for checking the ADC
conversion in single sample conversion mode for resolutions above 16 bits.
Page 24 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
void ADC_Start(void)
Description:
Sets the initVar variable, calls the ADC_Init() function, and then calls the ADC_Enable()
function.
This function configures and powers up the ADC, but does not start conversions. By default,
the ADC is configured for Config1 unless the ADC_SelectConfiguration() function selects an
alternate configuration.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_Stop(void)
Description:
Disables and powers down the ADC.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_SetBufferGain(uint8 gain)
Description:
Sets the input buffer gain.
Parameters:
uint8 gain: Input gain setting. The following table shows valid gain constants.
Gain Options
Description
ADC_BUF_GAIN_1X
Set input buffer gain to 1
ADC_BUF_GAIN_2X
Set input buffer gain to 2
ADC_BUF_GAIN_4X
Set input buffer gain to 4
ADC_BUF_GAIN_8X
Set input buffer gain to 8
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Increasing the gain will lower the buffer bandwidth.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 25 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_StartConvert(void)
Description:
Forces the ADC to initiate a conversion.
In Single Sample mode, call this API to start a single conversion. When the conversion
completes, use ADC_IsEndConversion() API to check or wait on this event, the ADC will
halts. If the ADC_StartConvert() function is called while the conversion is in progress, the
next conversion start is queued and a new conversion will start after finishing the current
conversion. If you want to start a new conversion without waiting for the current conversion to
finish, then stop the current conversion by calling ADC_StopConvert(). After stopping the
conversion, restart the conversion by calling ADC_StartConvert().
In Multi Sample, Continuous or Multi Sample (Turbo) modes, call this API to start continuous
ADC conversions until either the ADC_StopConvert() or ADC_Stop() functions are executed.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_StopConvert(void)
Description:
Forces the ADC to stop all conversions. If the ADC is in the middle of a conversion, the ADC
will be reset and not provide a result for that partial conversion.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_IRQ_Enable(void)
Description:
Enables interrupts at the end of a conversion. Global interrupts must also be enabled for the
ADC interrupts to occur. To enable global interrupts, use the enable global interrupt macro
“CYGlobalIntEnable;” in main.c, before interrupts occur.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Enables interrupts. Reading the result clears the interrupt.
void ADC_IRQ_Disable(void)
Description:
Disables interrupts at the end of a conversion.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
Page 26 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
uint8 ADC_IsEndConversion(uint8 retMode)
Description:
Checks for ADC end of conversion. This function provides the programmer with two options.
In one mode this function immediately returns with the conversion status. In the other mode,
the function does not return (blocking) until the conversion has completed.
Parameters:
uint8 retMode: Check conversion return mode. See the following table for options.
Options
Description
ADC_RETURN_STATUS
Immediately returns conversion result status.
ADC_WAIT_FOR_RESULT
Does not return until ADC conversion is complete.
Return Value:
uint8: If a nonzero value is returned, the last conversion has completed. If the returned value
is zero, the ADC is still calculating the last result.
Side Effects:
When the EOC output is used to trigger the DMA to read the ADC result, the
ADC_IsEndConversion() function should not be used. This is because, reading the output
register with DMA clears the ADC's conversion complete flag and this API may not return
when in the ADC_WAIT_FOR_RESULT mode.
int8 ADC_GetResult8(void)
Description:
Returns a signed 8-bit value. The largest positive signed 8-bit value that can be represented
is 127, but in single-ended 8-bit mode, the maximum positive value is 255. Hence, for 8-bit
single-ended mode, use the ADC_GetResult16() function instead. Note that if the ADC
resolution is set greater than 8 bits, the LSB of the result is returned.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int8: The LSB of the last ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
int16 ADC_GetResult16(void)
Description:
Returns a 16-bit result for a conversion that has a resolution of 8 to 16 bits. If the resolution is
set greater than 16 bits, it will return the 16 least significant bits of the result. When the ADC
is configured for 16-bit single-ended mode, use the ADC_GetResult32() function instead.
This function returns only signed 16-bit results, which allows a maximum positive value of
32767, not 65535.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int16: The 16-bit result of the last ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 27 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
int32 ADC_GetResult32(void)
Description:
Returns a 32-bit result for a conversion that has a resolution of 8 to 20 bits.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int32: Result of the last ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
int8 ADC_Read8(void)
Description:
This function simplifies getting results from the ADC when only a single reading is required.
When called, it will start ADC conversions, wait for the conversion to be complete, stop ADC
conversion and return the result. This is a blocking function and will not return until the result
is ready.
When the ADC is configured for 8-bit single ended mode, the ADC_Read16() function should
be used instead. This function returns only signed 8-bit values. The maximum positive signed
8-bit value is 127, but in singled ended 8-bit mode, the maximum positive value is 255.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int8: The LSB of an ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
int16 ADC_Read16(void)
Description:
This function simplifies getting results from the ADC when only a single reading is required.
When called, it will start ADC conversions, wait for the conversion to be complete, stop ADC
conversion and return the result. This is a blocking function and will not return until the result
is ready.
When the ADC is configured for 16-bit single ended mode, the ADC_Read32() function
should be used instead. This function returns only signed 16-bit values, which allows a
maximum positive value of 32767, not 65535.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int16: The 16-bit result of an ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
Page 28 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
int32 ADC_Read32(void)
Description:
This function simplifies getting results from the ADC when only a single reading is required.
When called, it will start ADC conversions, wait for the conversion to be complete, stop ADC
conversion and return the result. This is a blocking function and will not return until the result
is ready. Returns a 32-bit result for a conversion with a result that has a resolution of 8 to 20
bits.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int32: Result of an ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_SetOffset(int32 offset)
Description:
Sets the ADC offset which is used by the functions ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(),
ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_Volts() to subtract the offset from the given
reading before calculating the voltage conversion.
Parameters:
int32 offset: This value is a measured value when the inputs are shorted or connected to the
same input voltage.
Return Value:
None.
Side Effects:
Affects the ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_Volts()
functions by subtracting the given offset.
void ADC_SetGain(int32 adcGain)
Description:
Sets the ADC gain in counts per volt for the voltage conversion functions below. This value is
set by default by the reference and input range settings. It should only be used to further
calibrate the ADC with a known input or if an external reference is used.
Parameters:
int32 adcGain: ADC gain in counts per volt.
Return Value:
None.
Side Effects:
Affects only the ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and
ADC_CountsTo_Volts() functions by supplying the correct conversion between ADC counts
and voltage.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 29 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_SelectConfiguration(uint8 config, uint8 restart)
Description:
Sets one of up to four ADC configurations. This API first stops the ADC and then initializes
the registers with the default values for the new configuration. The custom GGOR register
value, set by ADC_SetGCOR() API for particular configuration, is not overwritten to default
value. If the value of the second parameter restart is 1, then ADC will be restarted. If this
value is zero, then you must call ADC_Start() and ADC_StartConvert() to restart the
conversion.
Parameters:
uint8 config: Configuration option between 1 and 4.
uint8 restart: Restart option. 1 means start the ADC and restart the conversion. 0 means do
not start the ADC and conversion.
Return Value:
None.
Side Effects:
Internal interrupt is configured to the new vector, related with configuration number and is
enabled. Refer to Interrupt Service Routine section for information how to remove internal
interrupt.
int16 ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(int32 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to millivolts as a 16-bit integer. For example, if the ADC measured
0.534 V, the return value would be 534 mV. The calculation of voltage depends on the value
of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the value used for Vdda is set for
the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources (DWR).
Parameters:
int32 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion.
Return Value:
int16: Result in mV.
Side Effects:
None
int32 ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(int32 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to microvolts as a 32-bit integer. For example, if the ADC
measured –0.02345 V, the return value would be –23450 µV. The calculation of voltage
depends on the value of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the value
used for Vdda is set for the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources (DWR).
Parameters:
int32 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion.
Return Value:
int32: Result in µV.
Side Effects:
None
Page 30 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
float32 ADC_CountsTo_Volts(int32 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to volts as a floating point number. For example, if the ADC
measures a voltage of 1.2345 V, the returned result would be +1.2345 V. The calculation of
voltage depends on the value of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the
value used for Vdda is set for the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources
(DWR).
Parameters:
int32 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion.
Return Value:
float: Result in volts.
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_Sleep(void)
Description:
The ADC_Sleep() function checks to see if the component is enabled and saves that state.
Then it calls the ADC_Stop() function and calls ADC_SaveConfig() to save the user
configuration.
Call the ADC_Sleep() function before calling the CyPmSleep() or the CyPmHibernate()
function. Refer to the PSoC Creator System Reference Guide for more information about
power management functions.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_Wakeup(void)
Description:
The ADC_Wakeup() function calls the ADC_RestoreConfig() function to restore the user
configuration. If the component was enabled before the ADC_Sleep() function was called,
the ADC_Wakeup() function will re-enable the component.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Calling the ADC_Wakeup() function without first calling the ADC_Sleep() or
ADC_SaveConfig() function may produce unexpected behavior.
void ADC_Init(void)
Description:
Initializes or restores the component parameters per the Configure dialog settings. You are
not required to call this function if ADC_Start() is called.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
All registers will be reset to their initial values. This reinitializes the component.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 31 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_Enable(void)
Description:
Enables the clock and power for ADC.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Enables internal interrupt. Refer to Interrupt Service Routine section for information how to
remove internal interrupt.
void ADC_SaveConfig(void)
Description:
This function saves the component configuration. This will save nonretention registers. This
function will also save the current component parameter values, as defined in the Configure
dialog or as modified by appropriate APIs. This function is called by the ADC_Sleep()
function.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None.
void ADC_RestoreConfig(void)
Description:
This function restores the component configuration. This will restore nonretention registers.
This function will also restore the component parameter values to what they were prior to
calling the ADC_Sleep() function.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Calling this function without first calling the ADC_Sleep() or ADC_SaveConfig() function may
produce unexpected behavior.
Page 32 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
void ADC_SetCoherency(uint8 coherency)
Description:
This function allows you to change which of the ADC’s three-word results will trigger a
coherency unlock. The ADC’s result will not be updated until the set byte is read by either
the ADC or DMA. By default, the LSB is the coherency byte. If DMA or if a custom API is
written where the LSB is not the last byte read, this use this API to set the last byte of the
ADC result that is read. If a multi-byte read is performed either by DMA or the ARM
processor, the coherency can be set to any byte in the last word read.
Parameters:
uint8 coherency: Coherency settings. The following table shows the valid coherency
values.
Coherency Options
Return Value:
Description
ADC_COHER_LOW
The LSB should be the last byte read.
ADC_COHER_MID
The middle byte should be the last byte read.
ADC_COHER_HIGH
The MSB should be the last byte read.
None
uint8 ADC_SetGCOR(float gainAdjust)
Description:
This function calculates a new GCOR (ADC Gain) value and writes it into the GCOR
registers. The GCOR value is a 16-bit value that represents a gain of 0 to 2. The ADC
result is multiplied by this value before it is placed in the ADC output registers.
When executing the function, the old GCOR value is multiplied by gainAdjust input and
reloaded into the GCOR register. The GCOR value is normalized based on the GVAL
register.
The value, calculated by this API, is also stored into the RAM for each active configuration
and used by SelectConfiguration() API to initialize the GCOR register.
Parameters:
float gainAdjust: Gain multiplier coefficient for GCOR correction. Resultant GCOR value
should be in range of 0.000 to 1.9999.
Return Value:
uint8: A nonzero value will be returned, if the correction value is outside the GCOR value
range of 0.00 to 1.9999.
Side Effects:
Actual GCOR value depends on the GVAL register. The GVAL register is set to a value
that is equal to number of valid bits in the GCOR register minus one. If GVAL is 15 (0x0F),
all 16 bits of the GCOR registers are valid. If GVAL is 11 (0x0B), only 12 bits are valid.
The least four bits are lost when the GCOR value is shifted four places to the right. The
GVAL register is automatically set by Init() and SelectConfiguration() APIs and doesn’t
need to be updated by user.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 33 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
uint16 ADC_ReadGCOR(void)
Description:
This function returns the current GCOR register value, normalized based on the GVAL
setting. For example, if the GCOR value is 0x0812 and the GVAL register is set to 11
(0x0B), the returned value is shifted by four bits to the left. (Actual GCOR value = 0x0812,
returned value = 0x8120)
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
uint16: Normalized GCOR value
Side Effects:
The GCOR value depends on the GVAL register. If GVAL is set to less than 15 (0x0F), the
GCOR value is shifted right by 15 minus GVAL. GVAL register is automatically set by Init()
and SelectConfiguration() APIs and doesn’t need to be updated by user.
DMA Information
The DMA component can be used to transfer converted results from the ADC_DelSig register to
RAM or another component, such as the Digital Filter Block (DFB). The DMA data request signal
(DRQ) should be connected to the EOC pin from the ADC. You can use the DMA Wizard to
configure DMA operation as follows:
Length
Direction
DMA Req DMA Req
Signal
Type
ADC_DelSig_DEC_SAMP_P
TR
1
source
EOC
Rising
Edge
Receives 1-byte conversion result
for input analog value that has a
resolution of 8 bits.
ADC_DelSig_DEC_SAMP_P
TR
2
source
EOC
Rising
Edge
Receives 2-byte conversion result
for input analog value that has a
resolution of 9 to 16 bits.
Name of DMA Source
Description
Note that the coherency should be
set to medium (MID) byte. Use
ADC_SetCoherency() API to
change coherency.
ADC_DelSig_DEC_SAMP_P
TR
3
source
EOC
Rising
Edge
Receives 3-byte conversion result
for input analog value that has a
resolution of 17 to 20 bits.
Note that the coherency should be
set to MSB (HIGH) byte.
Use ADC_SetCoherency() API to
change coherency.
Page 34 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
MISRA Compliance
This section describes the MISRA-C:2004 compliance and deviations for the component. There
are two types of deviations defined:


project deviations – deviations that are applicable for all PSoC Creator components
specific deviations – deviations that are applicable only for this component
This section provides information on component-specific deviations. Project deviations are
described in the MISRA Compliance section of the System Reference Guide along with
information on the MISRA compliance verification environment.
The ADC_DelSig component does not have any specific deviations.
This component has the following embedded components: Interrupt, Clock, AMux. Refer to the
corresponding component datasheet for information on their MISRA compliance and specific
deviations.
Interrupt Service Routine
The ADC_DelSig contains four interrupt service routines in the file ADC_INT.c file, where “ADC”
is the instance name. The service routines are labeled ADC_ISR1, ADC_ISR2, ADC_ISR3 and
ADC_ ISR4 and related with configuration number. ADC_SelectConfiguration() function changes
the interrupt vector address to the corresponding interrupt routine.
You can place custom code in the designated areas to perform whatever function is required at
the end of a conversion. Place custom code between the “/* `#START MAIN_ADC_ISR1` */”
and “/* `#END` */” comments. This ensures that the code will be preserved when a project is
regenerated.
There is advanced feature to remove the internal interrupt. It is useful when external interrupt
component is connected to EOC output and internal ISR isn’t required. Set rm_int parameter to
true in Expression view of the Common tab(right click on Common tab menu of the component
customizer) to suppress the internal interrupt. Make sure that Expression view is enabled in
Creator menu: Tools/Option…/Design Entry/Component Catalog/Enable Param Edit Views.
Sample Firmware Source Code
PSoC Creator provides many example projects that include schematics and example code in the
Find Example Project dialog. For component-specific examples, open the dialog from the
Component Catalog or an instance of the component in a schematic. For general examples,
open the dialog from the Start Page or File menu. As needed, use the Filter Options in the
dialog to narrow the list of projects available to select.
Refer to the “Find Example Project” topic in the PSoC Creator Help for more information.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 35 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Functional Description
The delta-sigma channel contains the following blocks:

A high-input-impedance, front-end buffer (with programmable gain) that can be bypassed
(and powered down) when not needed.


A fully differential programmable third-order switched capacitor modulator.

ANAIF - Analog interface logic block consists of the register control for the input buffer
and the modulator.
A downstream digital-filtering consisting of: a fourth-order Cascaded Integrator-Comb
(CIC) filter (also called the decimator) and the postprocessing engine (cicdec4_pproc),
which optionally performs gain, offset, and simple FIR filtering functions on the data as it
leaves the CIC filter.
Without an input buffer, a switched-capacitor input stage consumes current to charge the
capacitor during each cycle. In that case, the equivalent input resistance is of the order of
1/(fs × C), or 1/((3 MHz) × (5 pF)) = 66 kΩ. Many sensor applications require a much higher
impedance to achieve an accurate reading. Therefore, an input buffer is made a part of the delta
sigma channel.
The input buffer must also handle signals closer to ground in some applications and must work
closer to the supply rail in others. Input buffer architecture contains two single-ended buffers,
which create a differential channel. You can select either buffer for the channel. When the
channel operates in a single-ended mode, one of the inputs is connected to ground rail, and the
corresponding buffer is bypassed. You can power down the buffers individually. There are two
main modes of operation for the buffer:

Level-Shifted Mode: Buffer output can be level shifted up from the input when the input is
close to 0-V input common mode voltage range.

Rail to Rail Mode: This mode is used when input is rail to rail.
Page 36 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Figure 7. ADC Buffer Structure
The switched capacitor implementation is shown in Figure 8. A dynamic element matching
(DEM) block shapes the errors caused by mismatch in the switched-capacitor DAC feedback of
the modulator, when operating under 9-level quantization. When the buffer and modulator are
correctly configured for a given application, the variable-level programmable quantizer (level 2, 3,
or 9) in the modulator produces “the-quantized” bit stream. This quantized bit stream is 8 bits
wide and in thermometric format. The conversion of thermometer quantizer code into 2’s
complement format, for use in the decimator (Sinc4 and Sinc1), is performed in the ANAIF block.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 37 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Figure 8. Switched Capacitor Delta Sigma Modulator Structure
Registers
Sample Registers
The ADC results can be between 8 and 20 bits of resolution. The output is divided into three 8-bit
registers. The CPU or DMA can access these registers to read the ADC result.
ADC_DEC_SAMP (ADC Output Data Sample Low Register)
Bits
7
6
5
4
Value
3
2
1
0
2
1
0
Data[7:0]
ADC_DEC_SAMPM (ADC Output Data Sample Middle Register)
Bits
Value
Page 38 of 53
7
6
5
4
3
Data[15:8]
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
ADC_DEC_SAMPH (ADC Output Data Sample High Register)
Bits
7
6
5
4
Value
3
2
1
0
Data[23:16]
Resources
The ADC_DelSig uses a decimator, delta-sigma modulator, and a clock source. If an external
reference or reference bypass is selected, P0[3] or P3[2] can be used for the external reference
or bypass capacitor.
API Memory Usage
The component memory usage varies significantly, depending on the compiler, device, number
of APIs used and component configuration. The following table provides the memory usage for
all APIs available in the given component configuration.
The measurements have been done with the associated compiler configured in Release mode
with optimization set for Size. For a specific design the map file generated by the compiler can
be analyzed to determine the memory usage.
Configuration
PSoC 3 (Keil_PK51)
PSoC 5LP (GCC)
Flash Bytes
SRAM Bytes
Flash Bytes
SRAM Bytes
3824
27
2968
23
8-20 bits
DC and AC Electrical Characteristics for PSoC 3
Specifications are valid for –40 °C ≤ TA ≤ 85 °C and TJ ≤ 100 °C, except where noted.
Specifications are valid for 1.71 V to 5.5 V, except where noted. Typical values are for TA = 25°C
Operating conditions are:


Operation in continuous sample mode


Reference = 1.024-V internal reference bypassed on P3[2] or P0[3]
fclk = 3.072 MHz for resolution = 16 to 20 bits; fclk = 6.144 MHz for resolution = 8 to 15
bits
Unless otherwise specified, all charts and graphs show typical value
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 39 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta-Sigma ADC DC Specifications for PSoC 3
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Resolution
8
–
20
bits
Number of channels, single
ended
–
–
No. of
GPIO
–
Number of channels,
differential
Differential pair is formed using
a pair of GPIOs.
–
–
No. of
GPIO/2
–
Monotonic
Yes
–
–
–
–
Buffered, buffer gain = 1,
input range = ±1.024 V,
16-bit mode
–
–
±0.2
%
Buffered, buffer gain = 1,
input range = ±1.024 V,
16-bit mode
–
–
50
ppm/°
C
Buffered
–
–
±0.1
mV
Temperature coefficient, input
offset voltage
–
–
0.55
µV/°C
Input voltage range, single
4
ended
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
Input voltage range, differential
5
unbuffered
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
Input voltage range,
5
differential, buffered
VSSA
–
VDDA – 1
V
2
Ge
Gain error
Gd
Gain drift
VOS
Input offset voltage
TCVOS
ADC TC input offset voltage
3
PSRRb
Power supply rejection ratio,
5
buffered
Buffer gain = 1, 16-bit,
Range = ±1.024 V
90
–
–
dB
CMRRb
Common mode rejection ratio,
5
buffered
Buffer gain = 1, 16-bit,
Range = ±1.024 V
85
–
–
dB
INL20
Integral nonlinearity
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±32
LSB
DNL20
Differential nonlinearity
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
INL16
Integral non linearity
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±2
LSB
DNL16
Differential nonlinearity
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
INL12
Integral nonlinearity
5
5
5
5
5
2
Total gain error is sum of ADC error and buffer error.
3
Total offset voltage error is sum of buffer VOS and ADC VOS.
4
VSSA to 6 × VBG range is used for direct measurement of VDDA power supply. Actual scale is limited to VDDA.
5
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
Page 40 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Parameter
DNL12
INL8
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Description
Differential nonlinearity
Integral nonlinearity
Conditions
5
5
DNL8
Differential nonlinearity
Rin_Buff
ADC input resistance
5
Min
Typ
Max
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
Range = ±1.024 V, unbuffered
–
–
±1
LSB
Input buffer used
10
–
–
MΩ
–
kΩ
–
kΩ
6
Rin_ADC16
ADC input resistance
Input buffer bypassed, 16-bit,
Range = ±1.024 V
–
74
Rin_ADC12
ADC input resistance
Input buffer bypassed, 12 bit,
Range = ±1.024 V
–
148
VEXTREF
ADC external reference input
voltage
Pins P0[3], P3[2]
6
Units
0.9
–
1.3
V
Current Consumption
IDD_20
Current consumption, 20-bit
5
187 sps, unbuffered
–
–
1.5
mA
IDD_16
Current consumption, 16-bit
5
48 ksps, unbuffered
–
–
1.5
mA
IDD_12
Current consumption, 12-bit
5
192 ksps, unbuffered
–
–
1.95
mA
IBUFF
Buffer current consumption
–
–
2.5
mA
5
Delta-Sigma ADC AC Specifications for PSoC 3
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
–
–
4
Samples
CPU clock = 24 Mhz
–
90
-
µs
Buffer gain = 1, 16 bit,
Range = ±1.024 V
–
–
0.0032
%
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
7.8
–
187
sps
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
–
40
–
Hz
Startup time
ADC_SelectConfiguration() API
execution time
THD
Total harmonic distortion
7
Units
20-Bit Resolution Mode
7
SR20
Sample rate
BW20
Input bandwidth at max sample rate
7
6
Using switched capacitors at the ADC input creates an effective input resistance. Holding the gain and number of bits constant,
the resistance is proportional to the inverse of the clock frequency. This value is calculated, not measured. For more information
see the Technical Reference Manual.
7
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 41 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Parameter
Description
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
2
–
48
ksps
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
–
11
–
kHz
16-Bit Resolution Mode
7
SR16
Sample rate
BW16
Input bandwidth at max sample rate
SINAD16int
Signal-to-noise ratio, 16-bit, internal
7
reference
Range = ±1.024V,
unbuffered
81
–
–
dB
SINAD16ex
t
Signal-to-noise ratio, 16-bit, external
7
reference
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
84
–
–
dB
7
12-Bit Resolution Mode
SR12
Sample rate, continuous, high power
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
4
–
192
ksps
BW12
Input bandwidth at max sample rate
7
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
–
44
–
kHz
SINAD12int
Signal-to-noise ratio, 12-bit, internal
7
reference
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
66
–
–
dB
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
8
–
384
ksps
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
–
88
–
kHz
Range = ±1.024 V,
unbuffered
43
–
–
dB
7
8-Bit Resolution Mode
SR8
Sample rate, continuous, high
7
power
BW8
Input bandwidth at max sample rate
SINAD8int
Signal-to-noise ratio, 8-bit, internal
7
reference
7
Figures
Delta-Sigma ADC IDD versus sps, Unbuffered
Delta-Sigma ADC IDD versus sps, Buffered
2.5
2.5
2
mA
2
mA
1.5
1.5
1
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0.5
0
0.01
Page 42 of 53
0.1
1 ksps 10
100
1000
1
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0.5
0
0.01
0.1
1 ksps 10
100
1000
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Delta-Sigma ADC Noise Histogram, 1000 Samples,
20-Bit, 187 sps, Ext Ref, VIN = VREF/2,
Range = ±1.024 V
Delta-Sigma ADC Noise Histogram, 1000 samples,
16-bit, 48 ksps, Ext Ref, VIN = VREF/2,
Range = ±1.024 V
Delta-Sigma ADC Noise Histogram, 1000 samples,
16-bit, 48 ksps, Int Ref, VIN = VREF/2,
Range = ±1.024 V
Delta-Sigma ADC INL versus Resolution at Max
Sample Rate
Delta-Sigma ADC RMS Noise in Counts versus Input Range and Sample Rate, 20-bit,
External Reference, Single-Ended
Input Voltage Range
Sample rate, SPS
0 to VREF
0 to Vref × 2
VSSA to VDDA
0 to Vref × 6
8
1.28
1.24
6.02
0.97
23
1.33
1.28
6.09
0.98
45
1.77
1.26
6.28
0.96
90
1.65
0.91
6.84
0.95
187
1.87
1.06
7.97
1.01
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 43 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta-Sigma ADC RMS Noise in Counts versus Input Range and Sample Rate, 20-bit,
External Reference, Differential
Input Voltage Range
Sample rate, SPS
±VREF
±Vref/2
±Vref/4
±Vref/8
±Vref/16
8
0.70
0.84
1.02
1.40
2.65
11.3
0.69
0.86
0.96
1.40
2.69
22.5
0.73
0.82
1.25
1.77
2.67
45
0.76
0.94
1.02
1.76
2.75
61
0.75
1.01
1.13
1.65
2.98
170
0.75
0.98
187
0.73
Delta-Sigma ADC INL versus Output Code, 16-bit,
48 ksps, 25 °C VDDA = 3.3 V
INVALID OPERATING REGION
Delta-Sigma ADC DNL versus Output Code, 16-bit,
48 ksps, 25 °C VDDA = 3.3 V
Input Capacitance Values (in pF) Used by Each of the Input Ranges for
Resolutions 8 to 20
Input Range
Input Capacitance in pF
Resolution 8 to 15
Resolution 16 to 20
VSS to VREF (Single)
0.896
3.888
VSS to VREF*2 (Single)
0.896
3.888
VSS to VDD (VDD/3 Single)
0.592
1.296
Page 44 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Input Capacitance in pF
Input Range
Resolution 8 to 15
Resolution 16 to 20
VSS to VDD (VDD/4 Single)
0.496
0.992
VSS to VREF*6 (Single)
0.400
0.688
± VREF (Diff)
0.896
3.888
± VREF*2 (Diff)
0.400
1.888
± VREF*6 (Diff)
0.400
0.688
± VREF/2 (Diff)
1.600
6.000
± VREF/4 (Diff)
2.800
12.000
± VREF/8 (Diff)
3.488
17.588
± VREF/16 (Diff)
5.696
17.200
DC and AC Electrical Characteristics for PSoC 5LP
Specifications are valid for –40 °C ≤ TA ≤ 85 °C and TJ ≤ 100 °C, except where noted.
Specifications are valid for 1.71 V to 5.5 V, except where noted. Typical values are for TA = 25°C
Operating conditions are:


Operation in continuous sample mode


Reference = 1.024-V internal reference bypassed on P3[2] or P0[3]
fclk = 3.072 MHz for resolution = 16 to 20 bits; fclk = 6.144 MHz for resolution = 8 to 15
bits
Unless otherwise specified, all charts and graphs show typical value
Delta-Sigma ADC DC Specifications for PSoC 5LP
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Resolution
8
–
20
bits
Number of channels,
single-ended
–
–
No. of
GPIOs
Number of channels,
differential
Differential pair is formed
using a pair of GPIOs
–
–
No. of
GPIOs/2
Monotonic
Yes
–
–
–
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 45 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Ge
Gain error
Buffered, buffer gain = 1,
Range = ±1.024 V, 16-bit
mode, 25 °C
–
–
±0.4
%
Gd
Gain drift
Buffered, buffer gain = 1,
Range = ±1.024 V, 16-bit
mode
–
–
50
ppm/°C
VOS
Input offset voltage
Buffered, 16-bit mode, full
voltage range, 25 °C
–
–
±0.2
mV
Buffered, 16-bit mode, VDDA =
1.7 V, 25 °C
–
–
±0.1
mV
Buffer gain = 1, 16-bit, Range
= ±1.024 V
–
–
0.55
µV/°C
Single-ended, unbuffered
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
Differential, unbuffered
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
Differential, buffered
VSSA
–
VDDA – 1
V
TCVOS
Temperature coefficient,
input offset voltage
Input voltage range
8
PSRRb
Power supply rejection ratio,
8
buffered
Buffer gain = 1, 16-bit, Range
= ±1.024 V
90
–
–
dB
CMRRb
Common mode rejection
8
ratio, buffered
Buffer gain = 1, 16-bit, Range
= ±1.024 V
85
–
–
dB
INL20
INL for 20-bit
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±32
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±2
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
Differential range ±1.024 V
–
–
±1
LSB
–
MΩ
–
kΩ
8
8
DNL20
DNL for 20-bit
INL16
Integral nonlinearity, 16-bit
DNL16
Differential nonlinearity 168
bit
INL12
INL for 12-bit
DNL12
INL8
8
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
8
DNL for 12-bit
INL for 8-bit
8
8
8
8
DNL8
DNL for 8-bit
Rin_Buff
ADC input resistance
Input buffer used
10
–
Rin_ADC_16
ADC input resistance
Input buffer bypassed,
16-bit, range = ±1.024 V
–
74
9
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
9
Using switched capacitors at the ADC input creates an effective input resistance. Holding the gain and number of bits constant,
the resistance is proportional to the inverse of the clock frequency. This value is calculated, not measured. For more information,
see the Technical Reference Manual.
Page 46 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Rin_ADC_12
ADC input resistance
Input buffer bypassed,
12-bit, range = ±1.024 V
VEXTREF
ADC external reference
input voltage, see also
internal reference in Voltage
Reference Specifications
Pins P0[3], P3[2]
Min
–
Typ
148
Max
Units
–
kΩ
9
0.9
–
1.3
V
Current consumption
IDD_20
Current consumption,
8
20-bit, 187 sps
Unbuffered
–
–
1.5
mA
IDD_16
Current consumption,
8
16-bit, 48 ksps
Unbuffered
–
–
1.5
mA
IDD_12
Current consumption,
8
12-bit, 192 ksps
Unbuffered
–
–
1.95
mA
IDD_8
Current consumption,
8
8-bit, 384 ksps
Unbuffered
–
–
1.95
mA
IBUFF
Buffer current consumption
–
–
2.5
mA
8
Delta-Sigma ADC AC Specifications for PSoC 5LP
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
–
–
4
Samples
CPU clock = 24 Mhz
–
50
–
µs
Unbuffered, range
±1.024 V
–
–
0.0032
%
Differential range
±1.024 V
7.8
–
187
sps
Differential range
±1.024 V
–
40
–
Hz
Differential range
±1.024 V
2
–
48
ksps
Differential range
±1.024 V
–
11
–
kHz
Startup time
ADC_SelectConfiguration() API
execution time
THD
Total harmonic distortion, 16-bit
10
20-Bit Resolution Mode
SR20
Sample Rate, 20-bit
BW20
Bandwidth, 20-bit
10
10
16-Bit Resolution Mode
SR16
Sample Rate, 16-bit
BW16
Bandwidth, 16-bit
10
10
10
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 47 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Parameter
Description
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
SINAD16int
Signal to noise + distortion - 1610
bit, internal reference
Unbuffered, range =
±1.024 V
81
–
–
dB
SINAD_16ext
Signal to noise + distortion, 16-bit, Unbuffered, range =
10
±1.024 V
external reference
84
–
–
dB
Differential range
±1.024 V
4
–
192
ksps
Differential range
±1.024 V
–
44
–
kHz
66
–
–
dB
Differential range
±1.024 V
8
–
384
ksps
Differential range
±1.024 V
–
88
–
kHz
Unbuffered, range =
±1.024 V
43
–
–
dB
12-Bit Resolution Mode
10
SR12
Sample Rate, 12-bit
BW12
Bandwidth, 12-bit
SINAD12int
Signal to noise + distortion, 12-bit, Unbuffered, range =
10
±1.024 V
internal reference
10
8-Bit Resolution Mode
10
SR8
Sample Rate, 8-bit
BW8
Bandwidth, 8-bit
SINAD8int
Signal to noise + distortion, 8-bit,
10
internal reference
10
Voltage Reference Specifications
Also see the ADC external reference specifications under VEXTREF in Delta-Sigma ADC DC
Specifications for PSoC 5LP.
Parameter
VREF
Description
Conditions
Precision reference voltage
Temperature drift
Initial trimming
11
Long term drift
Thermal cycling drift (stability)
11
11
Min
Typ
Max
Units
1.023
(–0.1%)
1.024
–
–
30
ppm/°C
–
100
–
ppm/Khr
–
100
–
ppm
1.025 V
(+0.1%)
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
Page 48 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Component Errata
This section lists known problems with the component.
Cypress Component
ID
Version
Problem
Workaround
191257
v3.0
This component was modified without a version
number change in PSoC Creator 3.0 SP1. For more
information, see Knowledge Base Article KBA94159
(www.cypress.com/go/kba94159).
No workaround is necessary.
There is no impact to designs.
184285
v3.0
The Buffer mode parameter setting does not
correspond to the associated configuration tab. That
is, the setting made for Config1 applies to Config1
and Config2, the setting for Config2 applies to
Config3, and for Config3 to Config4.
If different Buffer mode settings
are needed in a design, use
Config1 and Config3, but
configure the parameter for
Config3 using the Config2
configuration tab.
Component Changes
This section lists the major changes in the component from the previous version.
Version
Description of Changes
Reason for Changes / Impact
3.0.b
Edited datasheet to add Component
Errata section.
Document known problems with the component.
3.0.a
Minor datasheet edit.
3.0
Added MISRA Compliance section.
The component does not have any specific deviations.
Added Alignment option to Configuration
tabs in customizer.
The component improvement.
Adjusted the input capacitor ratio and
The change has impact on the ADC measurement results.
gain correction register to allow accurate The results can differ between version 3.0 and previous
measuring of signals that swing the entire component versions.
input range.
Fixed an issue with end of conversion
status detection by
ADC_IsEndConversion() API in Single
Sample mode with resolution higher that
16 bits.
A nonzero value was always returned.
For External clock mode, Sample rate
field was made disabled and recalculated
based on an external clock frequency.
Cannot build project w/o proper internal clock
Added ADC_Read8(), ADC_Read16(),
ADC_Read32() APIs.
This function simplifies getting results from the ADC when
only a single reading is required.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 49 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Version
Description of Changes
Added optional modulator input (mi).
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Reason for Changes / Impact
This input is used to dynamically control the polarity of the
signal in the modulator.
The gain coefficient, calculated and
This change prevent from overwriting custom GCOR value
written by ADC_SetGCOR() API is stored for particular configuration.
into the RAM and used by the following
SelectConfiguration() API calls to initialize
the GCOR register.
Added advanced parameter (rm_int) to
optionally remove internal interrupt.
It is useful when external interrupt component is connected
to EOC output and internal ISR isn’t required.
Fixed an issue when ADC_Wakeup() API ADC_Sleep() API saves the conversion status.
started conversion after sleep mode even ADC_Wakeup() API starts conversion only when conversion
when conversion was disabled before.
was enabled before sleep mode.
2.30.a
Fixed ADC Range diagram.
Diagram was incorrect.
2.30
Fixed an issue with ADC clock divider
Clock divider settings issue with multiple ADC configurations
setting when using multiple configurations
and ADC clock is not derived from BUS
Clock
Fixed an issue with charge pump clock
divider settings when using multiple
configurations
Charge pump clock divider settings issue when using
multiple ADC configurations
Fixed an issue where device gets reset
when enabling reference to ADC with
VDDA value greater than 5.3Volts
Device reset when enabling reference to ADC
Fixed an issue with reference buffer
Reference buffer setting is wrong when using multiple ADC
setting when using multiple configurations configurations.
Added all APIs with the CYREENTRANT
keyword when they are included in the
.cyre file.
Not all APIs are truly reentrant. Comments in the component
API source files indicate which functions are candidates.
This change is required to eliminate compiler warnings for
functions that are not reentrant used in a safe way:
protected from concurrent calls by flags or Critical Sections.
Added support PSoC 5LP silicon.
2.20.a
Updated Figure 4. Delta Sigma ADC I/O
Characteristics in the datasheet.
To fix issues with Figure 4.
Updated SetBufferGain() API description
Updates to mention side effects of using buffer gain.
Added a note about using internal
reference for ADC in the Reference
parameter description section .
Internal reference is shared between SAR and DelSig ADC.
Updated Side Effects section for
ADC_IsEndConversion() API.
Updates to mention side effects of using DMA and
ADC_IsEndConversion() API together.
Datasheet corrections
Page 50 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Version
2.20
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Description of Changes
Three new APIs ADC_SetCoherency(),
ADC_SetGCOR() and
ADC_ReadGCOR() are implemented
Reason for Changes / Impact
ADC_SetCoherency() for setting the coherency register.
Helps to easily change the byte coherency.
ADC_SetGCOR() for setting the Gain correction register.
ADC_ReadGCOR()for reading the normalized GCOR
register value.
Added four new Bypass reference
options.
Bypass reference options for Vdda/3 and Vdda/4 reference
Added comment and config name
parameters
The config parameter helps to uniquely name the ADC
configurations.
The comment parameter describes configuration use.
ADC_Stop() API changes for PSoC 5
Change required to prevent the component from impacting
unrelated analog signals when stopped, when used with
PSoC 5.
ADC power setting changes based on the To optimize the power use by ADC component.
ADC clock frequency
Fixed an issue with
ADC_SelectConfiguration() API.
Calling ADC_SelectConfiguration() API without calling
ADC_Start() now works as expected.
Added PSoC 5 characterization data to
datasheet
Updated placeholder graphs in datasheet
with real data
External Charge pump clock is the default ADC now always uses an external charge pump clock
option and cannot be user selectable.
instead of an internal clock. This is to guarantee the optimal
charge pump clock frequency to maximize ADC
performance.
2.10
Two differential input range
These input ranges have an error in their name.
±0.128 V(–Input ± Vref/8)
±0.064 V(–Input ± Vref/16)
Note:
names are changed.
Updating an existing design that uses an older version than
2.0 with the version 2.10 of the ADC_DelSig, may result in a
parameter evaluation failed error message.
To fix the problem, open the Configure dialog, and then
toggle the selection for Input mode. Click OK to close the
dialog and then build the project.
Added two new reference options:
Internal VDDA/4 and Internal VDDA/3.
The reference input for the PSoC 3 ADC has a narrow
range, 0.9 V to 1.3 V. This may cause the VSS to VDDA
ratiometric range to operate incorrectly when VDDA is less
than 3.6 V. This new VDDA/3 reference corrects this
problem.
Changing the reference value affects the
input range list.
Input range list updates are based on the reference voltage
selected.
Error provider is added to Vref Value
parameter.
To warn the user if the Vref value exceeds the expected
range 0.9V to 1.3V.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
Page 51 of 53
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Version
Description of Changes
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Reason for Changes / Impact
ADC clock frequency is now dependent
on input range selection.
ADC clock frequency depends on the selected input range.
ADC maximum clock frequency differs based on the input
range. If ADC clock frequency exceeds the maximum clock
frequency for the selected input range, then an error symbol
is set on the clock frequency text box.
Fixed an issue with offset calculation.
0 to 2*Vref single ended mode for resolutions 9, 10, 11, 13,
14, and 15 now works as expected.
Fixed an issue with DMA wizard tool
generated code.
DMA wizard tool uses correct ADC output register when
resolution is above 8 bits.
Added characterization data to datasheet
Minor datasheet edits and updates
2.0
Changed the Input Range parameter:
added four new input ranges:
Vssa to 6*Vref
±6.144 V(–Input ± 6*Vref)
±0.125 V(–Input ± Vref/8)
±0.0625 V(–Input ± Vref/16)
When updating an existing project with the 2.0 version of the
ADC_DelSig, this change may result in a parameter
evaluation failed error message.
To fix the problem, open the Configure dialog, and then
toggle the selection for Input mode. Click OK to close the
dialog and then build the project.
Note This change will likely break
existing designs.
Updated to support PSoC 3 ES2 or later
and PSoC 5 or later.
This version supports PSoC 3 ES2 or later and PSoC 5 or
later. Older versions of the component will display an error
message when used with newer versions of the silicon.
Added Sleep/Wakeup and Init/Enable
APIs.
To support low power modes, as well as to provide common
interfaces to separate control of initialization and enabling of
most components.
Added new parameters: Input Mode, and
Buffer Mode.
Removed the Power parameter and
added new Conversion Mode “Single
Sample.”
These new parameters were not present in the older
versions of the ADC_DelSig component. When updating to
version 2.0 of the component, the new parameters are given
default values. The default value for the Input Mode
parameter is “Differential.” The Input Mode parameter drives
the selection of the Input Range. Therefore, an updated
component previously configured with a “single-ended” Input
Range will get a default value of “Differential.”
Added DMA capabilities file to the
component.
This file allows the ADC_DelSig to be supported by the DMA
Wizard tool in PSoC Creator.
Added Keil function reentrancy support to Adds the capability for customers to specify individual
the APIs.
generated functions as reentrant.
Edited the Configure Dialog.
Made Voltage Reference parameter editable.
Added different configurations to support changing the
configuration during run time.
Dialog allows you to modify the voltage values when VSSA to
VDDA input range is selected.
Page 52 of 53
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Version
Description of Changes
Delta Sigma Analog to Digital Converter (ADC_DelSig)
Reason for Changes / Impact
Trim values are incorporated into the
ADC implementation for the selected
input ranges.
Trim values are used to adjust the Decimator gain to
improve the performance of ADC.
Added constants to the header file for
easier use.
The ADC component now has constants such as reference
used, gain set, mode used, sample rate used, and so on, so
that you can use them in your applications.
New optional connection (nVref) has
been added to the ADC DelSig
component
This can be used to connect the ADC's reference Vssa to
the analog global (AGL[6]).
Charge pump power setting has been
enabled depending on the clock
frequency.
There was a problem with 8-bit ADC range. The problem
was caused by not setting charge pump power setting bits
with respect to ADC clock in the DSM_CR16 register. ADC
code was modified to set these bits depending on the ADC
clock frequency.
Removed the SetPower API.
The SetPower API was a nonfunctioning API. It was
removed intentionally because it did not offer any value. If
you had this function in your code, you need to remove it.
© Cypress Semiconductor Corporation,2013 - 2014. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the
use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to
be used for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its
products for use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress
products in life-support systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
PSoC® is a registered trademark, and PSoC Creator™ and Programmable System-on-Chip™ are trademarks of Cypress Semiconductor Corp. All other trademarks or registered trademarks
referenced herein are property of the respective corporations.
Any Source Code (software and/or firmware) is owned by Cypress Semiconductor Corporation (Cypress) and is protected by and subject to worldwide patent protection (United States and
foreign), United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create
derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in
conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as
specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress.
Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein.
Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in lifesupport systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application
implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement.
Document Number: 001-88732 Rev. *B
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