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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
2.0
Features
Supports PSoC 5 and PSoC 5LP devices
12-bit resolution at up to 1 msps maximum
Four power modes
Selectable resolution and sample rate
Single-ended or differential input
General Description
The ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR) component provides medium-speed
(maximum 1-msps sampling), medium-resolution (12 bits maximum), analog-to-digital
conversion.
When to Use an ADC_SAR
Typical applications for the ADC_SAR component include:
LED lighting control
Motor control
Magnetic card reader
High-speed data collection
Power meter
Pulse oximeter
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation • 198 Champion Court • San Jose, CA 95134-1709 • 408-943-2600
Document Number: 001-85167 Rev. **
Revised December 7, 2012
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
Input/Output Connections
This section describes the input and output connections for the ADC_SAR. An asterisk (*) in the
list of I/Os indicates that the I/O may be hidden on the symbol under the conditions listed in the
description of that I/O.
+Input – Analog
This input is the positive analog signal input to the ADC_SAR. The conversion result is a function
of the +Input signal minus the voltage reference. The voltage reference is either the – Input
signal or VSSA.
–Input – Analog *
When shown, this optional input is the negative analog signal (or reference) input to the
ADC_SAR. The conversion result is a function of +Input minus–Input. You see this pin when you
set the Input Range parameter to one of the differential modes.
vdac_ref – Input *
The VDAC reference (vdac_ref) is an optional pin. You see it if you have selected Vssa to
VDAC*2 (Single Ended) or 0.0 +/- VDAC (Differential) input range; otherwise, this I/O is
hidden. You can only connect this pin to a VDAC component output. Do not connect it to any
other signal.
soc – Input *
The start of conversion (soc) is an optional pin. You see it if you select the Hardware Trigger
sample mode. A rising edge on this input starts an ADC conversion. This signal should be
synchronized to the ADC_SAR clock. If you set the Sample Mode parameter to Free Running,
this I/O is hidden.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
aclk – Input *
You can see this optional pin if you set the Clock Source parameter to External; otherwise, the
pin is hidden. This clock determines the conversion rate as a function of conversion method and
resolution.
eos – Output *
A rising edge on the end of sampling (eos) output indicates the completion of the sampling
window. This signal can be used to control the input channel multiplexer. The input multiplexer
selection can be changed after sampling is complete, but still during the conversion. The eos
signal allows the SAR ADC to operate at its maximum speed. This output is visible if the Enable
EOS output parameter is selected. This option is not available for the PSoC 5 device.
eoc – Output
A rising edge on the end of conversion (eoc) output means that a conversion is complete. A
DMA request can be connected to this pin to transfer the conversion output to system RAM,
DFB, or other component. An internal interrupt is also connected to this signal, or you may
connect your own interrupt.
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
Component Parameters
Drag an ADC_SAR component onto your design and double-click it to open the Configure
dialog.
The ADC_SAR has the following parameters. The option shown in bold is the default.
Modes
Resolution
Sets the resolution of the ADC.
ADC_Resolution
Value
Description
12
12
Sets resolution to 12 bits.
10
10
Sets resolution to 10 bits.
8
8
Sets resolution to 8 bits.
Note In PSoC 5 silicon, SAR always operates in 12-bit mode. The 8- and 10-bit options remain
but only impact the ADC_GetResult16() and ADC_GetResult8() APIs.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Conversion Rate
This parameter sets the ADC conversion. The conversion time is the inverse of the conversion
rate. Enter the conversion rate in samples per second. Converting one sample takes 19 SAR
ADC clock cycles in PSoC 5 silicon and 18 clock cycles in PSoC 5LP. The actual conversion rate
may differ based on available clock speed and divider range.
Clock Frequency
This text box is a read-only (always grayed out) area that displays the required clock rate for the
selected operating conditions: resolution and conversion rate. It is updated when either or both of
these conditions change. Clock frequency can be anywhere between 1 MHz and 14 MHz
(18 MHz in PSoC 5LP). The duty cycle should be 50 percent. The minimum pulse width should
be greater than 33 ns (25.5 ns in PSoC 5LP). PSoC Creator will generate an error during the
build process if the clock does not fall within these limits. In that case, change the Master Clock
in the Design-Wide Resources Clock Editor.
At high conversation rates, the ADC can generate large amounts of data to process. In these
cases, the data should either be collected using DMA or by using the CPU . If using the CPU, the
CPU clock should be at a high clock rate and with a minimal interrupt service routine. For
example, at a conversion rate of 700,000 samples per second and a CPU clock rate of 66 MHz,
there are only 66 MHz / 700,000 sps = 94 CPU clock cycles per sample. Refer to the Interrupt
Service Routine section for guidance on optimizing the ISR.
Sample Mode
This parameter determines how the ADC operates.
Start_of_Conversion
Description
Free Running
ADC runs continuously.
Software trigger
ADC_StartConvert() function starts a single conversion.
Hardware trigger
A rising-edge pulse on the SOC pin starts a single conversion.
Clock Source
This parameter allows you to select either a clock that is internal to the ADC_SAR module or an
external clock.
ADC_Clock
Description
Internal
Use the internal clock of the ADC_SAR.
External
Use an external clock. The clock source can be analog, digital, or generated by
another component.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
Input
Input Range
This parameter configures the ADC for a given input range. The analog signals connected to the
PSoC must be between VSSA and VDDA regardless of the input range settings.
Input Range
0.0 to 2.048V (Single Ended)
0 to Vref*2
Description
When using the internal reference (1.024 V), the usable input range is 0.0 to
2.048 V. The ADC is configured to operate in a single-ended input mode with
–Input connected internally to Vrefhi_out. If you are using an external reference
voltage, the usable input range is 0.0 to Vref*2.
Vssa to Vdda (Single Ended)
This mode uses the VDDA/2 reference; the usable input range covers the full
analog supply voltage. The ADC is put in a single-ended input mode with –Input
connected internally to Vrefhi_out. If you are using an external reference
voltage, the usable input range is 0.0 to Vref*2.
Vssa to VDAC*2 (Single Ended)
This mode uses the VDAC reference, which should be connected to the
vdac_ref pin. The usable input range is Vssa to VDAC*2 volts. The ADC is
configured to operate in a single-ended input mode with –Input connected
internally to Vrefhi_out.
0.0 ± 1.024V (Differential)
This mode is configured for differential inputs. When using the internal
reference (1.024 V), the input range is –Input ± 1.024 V.
–Input ± Vref
For example, if –Input is connected to 2.048 V, the usable input range is 2.048
± 1.024 V or 1.024 to 3.072 V. For systems in which both single-ended and
differential signals are scanned, connect –Input to Vssa when scanning a
single-ended input.
You can use an external reference to provide a wider operating range. You can
calculate the usable input range with the same equation, –Input ± Vref.
0.0 ± Vdda (Differential)
–Input ± Vdda
0.0 ± Vdda/2 (Differential)
–Input ± Vdda/2
0.0 ± VDAC (Differential)
–Input ± VDAC
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This mode is configured for differential inputs and is ratiometric with the supply
voltage. The input range is –Input ± Vdda. For systems in which both singleended and differential signals are scanned, connect –Input to Vssa when
scanning a single-ended input. If you are using an external reference voltage,
the usable input range is –Input ± Vref.
This mode is configured for differential inputs and is ratiometric to the supply
voltage. The input range is –Input ± Vdda/2. For systems in which both singleended and differential signals are scanned, connect –Input to Vssa when
scanning a single-ended input. If you are using an external reference voltage,
the usable input range is –Input ± Vref.
This mode is configured for differential inputs and uses the VDAC reference,
which should be connected to the vdac_ref pin. The input range is
–Input ±VDAC. For systems in which both single-ended and differential signals
are scanned, connect –Input to Vssa when scanning a single-ended input.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Reference
This parameter selects the switches for reference configuration for the ADC_SAR.
ADC_Reference
Description
Internal Vref
Uses the internal reference. The maximum sampling rate allowed with this option
is 100,000 sps, except of “0.0 ± Vdda” input range. Use the Internal Vref,
bypassed option for higher rates.
Internal Vref, bypassed
Uses the internal reference; you must place a bypass capacitor on pin P0[2]* for
SAR1 or on pin P0[4]* for SAR0. This mode is not applicable with “0.0 ± Vdda”
input range.
External Vref
Uses an external reference on pin P0[2] for SAR1 or on pin P0[4] for SAR0.
*
The use of an external bypass capacitor is recommended if the internal noise caused by digital switching
exceeds an application's analog performance requirements. To use this option, configure either port pin P0[2] or
P0[4] as an analog HI-Z pin and connect an external capacitor with a value between 0.01 µF and 10 µF.
Note The same internal reference is used for ADC_SAR and for ADC_DelSig components. If
both types of the ADC have to work with internal reference simultaneously, use the Internal
Vref, bypassed option for the best performance.
Note When using an external reference or externally bypassing the internal reference, use the
Lock feature in the Pins tab of the Design Wide Resources(DWR) on the ADC_SAR:ExtVref or
ADC_SAR:Bypass pin. This will lock the SAR component to the designated SAR hardware
block.
Voltage Reference
The voltage reference is used for the ADC count to voltage conversion functions discussed in the
Application Programming Interface section. This parameter is read-only when using the internal
reference. When using an external reference, you can edit this value to match the external
reference voltage.
When selecting input range Vssa to Vdda, -Input +/- Vdda, or -Input +/- Vdda/2, the value is
derived from the VDDA setting in System tab of the DWR.
When selecting the input range Vssa to VDAC*2 or –Input +/- VDAC, enter the VDAC
supply voltage value.
Note The input range and reference voltage is limited by the V DDA voltage.
Enable EOS output
This parameter enables the End-of-Sampling output.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
Application Programming Interface
Application Programming Interface (API) routines allow you to configure the component using
software. The following table lists and describes the interface to each function. The subsequent
sections discuss each function in more detail.
By default, PSoC Creator assigns the instance name “ADC_SAR_1” to the first instance of a
component in a given design. You can rename the instance to any unique value that follows the
syntactic rules for identifiers. The instance name becomes the prefix of every global function
name, variable, and constant symbol. For readability, the instance name used in the following
table is “ADC.”
Function
Description
ADC_Start()
Powers up the ADC and resets all states
ADC_Stop()
Stops ADC conversions and reduces the power to the minimum
ADC_SetPower()
Sets the power mode
ADC_SetResolution()
Sets the resolution of the ADC
ADC_StartConvert()
Starts conversions
ADC_StopConvert()
Stops conversions
ADC_IRQ_Enable()
An internal IRQ is connected to the eoc. This API enables the internal ISR.
ADC_IRQ_Disable()
An internal IRQ is connected to the eoc. This API disables the internal ISR.
ADC_IsEndConversion()
Returns a nonzero value if conversion is complete
ADC_GetResult8()
Returns a signed 8-bit conversion result
ADC_GetResult16()
Returns a signed16-bit conversion result
ADC_SetOffset()
Sets the offset of the ADC
ADC_SetGain()
Sets the ADC gain in counts per volt
ADC_CountsTo_Volts()
Converts ADC counts to floating-point volts
ADC_CountsTo_mVolts()
Converts ADC counts to millivolts
ADC_CountsTo_uVolts()
Converts ADC counts to microvolts
ADC_Sleep()
Stops ADC operation and saves the user configuration
ADC_Wakeup()
Restores and enables the user configuration
ADC_Init()
Initializes the default configuration provided with the customizer
ADC_Enable()
Enables the clock and power for the ADC
ADC_SaveConfig()
Saves the current user configuration
ADC_RestoreConfig()
Restores the user configuration
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Global Variables
Variable
ADC_initVar
Description
This variable indicates whether the ADC has been initialized. The variable is initialized to 0
and set to 1 the first time ADC_Start() is called. This allows the component to restart
without reinitialization after the first call to the ADC_Start() routine.
If reinitialization of the component is required, then the ADC_Init() function can be called
before the ADC_Start() or ADC_Enable() functions.
ADC_offset
This variable calibrates the offset. It is set to 0 the first time ADC_Start() is called and can
be modified using ADC_SetOffset(). The variable affects the ADC_CountsTo_Volts(),
ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() functions by subtracting the given
offset.
ADC_countsPerVolt
This variable is used to calibrate the gain. It is calculated the first time ADC_Start() is
called and each time ADC_SetResolution() is called. The value depends on resolution,
input range, and voltage reference. It can be changed using ADC_SetGain().
This variable affects the ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and
ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() functions by supplying the correct conversion between ADC
counts and the applied input voltage.
ADC_shift
In differential input mode the SAR ADC outputs digitally converted data in a binary offset
scheme. This variable is used to convert the ADC counts to 2’s complement form.
This variable is calculated the first time ADC_Start() is called and each time
ADC_SetResolution() is called. The calculated value depends on the resolution and input
mode.
This variable affects the ADC_GetResult8() and ADC_GetResult16() functions by
subtracting the correct shift value.
void ADC_Start(void)
Description:
This is the preferred method to begin component operation. ADC_Start() sets the initVar
variable, calls the ADC_Init() function, and then calls the ADC_Enable() function.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
If the initVar variable is already set, this function only calls the ADC_Enable() function.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_Stop(void)
Description:
Stops ADC conversions and reduces the power to the minimum.
Note This API does not power down the ADC, but reduces the power to the minimum. This
device has a defect that causes connections to several analog resources to be unreliable
when the device is not powered. The unreliability manifests itself in silent failures (for
example, unpredictably bad results from analog components) when the component using
that resource is stopped.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_SetPower(uint8 power)
Description:
Sets the operational power of the ADC. You should use the higher power settings with faster
clock speeds.
Parameters:
uint8 power: Power setting
Parameters Name
Value
Description
Clock Rate
ADC__HIGHPOWER
0
Normal power
14 MHz
(18 MHz in PSoC 5 LP)
ADC__MEDPOWER
1
1/2 power
7 MHz
(9 MHz in PSoC 5 LP)
ADC__LOWPOWER
2
1/3 power
reserved
(1.25 power in PSoC 5 LP)
ADC__MINPOWER
3
1/4 power
3.5 MHz
(4.5 MHz in PSoC 5 LP)
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
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The power setting may affect conversion accuracy.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
void ADC_SetResolution(uint8 resolution)
Description:
Sets the resolution for the GetResult16() and GetResult8() APIs. This function does not
affect the actual conversion in PSoC 5 silicon.
Parameters:
uint8 resolution: Resolution setting
Parameters Name
Value
Description
ADC__BITS_12
12
Sets resolution to 12 bits.
ADC__BITS_10
10
Sets resolution to 10 bits.
ADC__BITS_8
8
Sets resolution to 8 bits.
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
The ADC resolution cannot be changed during a conversion cycle. The recommended best
practice is to stop conversions with ADC_StopConvert(), change the resolution, then restart
the conversions with ADC_StartConvert().
If you decide not to stop conversions before calling this API, use ADC_IsEndConversion() to
wait until conversion is complete before changing the resolution.
If you call ADC_SetResolution() during a conversion, the resolution will not change until the
current conversion is complete. Data will not be available in the new resolution for another 6
+ “New Resolution(in bits)” clock cycles. You may need add a delay of this number of clock
cycles after ADC_SetResolution() is called before data is valid again.
Affects ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() by
calculating the correct conversion between ADC counts and the applied input voltage.
Calculation depends on resolution, input range, and voltage reference.
void ADC_StartConvert(void)
Description:
Forces the ADC to initiate a conversion. In free-running mode, the ADC runs continuously.
In software trigger mode, the function also acts as a software version of the SOC and every
conversion must be triggered by ADC_StartConvert().This function is not available when the
Hardware Trigger sample mode is selected.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Calling ADC_StartConvert() disables the external SOC pin.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_StopConvert(void)
Description:
Forces the ADC to stop conversions. If a conversion is currently executing, that conversion
will complete, but no further conversions will occur. This function is not available when the
Hardware Trigger sample mode is selected.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
In Software Trigger sample mode, this function sets a software version of the SOC to low
level and switches the SOC source to hardware SOC input.
void ADC_IRQ_Enable(void)
Description:
Enables interrupts to occur at the end of a conversion. Global interrupts must also be
enabled for the ADC interrupts to occur. To enable global interrupts, call the enable global
interrupt macro “CYGlobalIntEnable;” in your main.c file before enabling any interrupts.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Enables interrupts to occur. Reading the result clears the interrupt.
void ADC_IRQ_Disable(void)
Description:
Disables interrupts at the end of a conversion.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
uint8 ADC_IsEndConversion(uint8 retMode)
Description:
Immediately returns the status of the conversion or does not return (blocking) until the
conversion completes, depending on the retMode parameter.
Parameters:
uint8 retMode: Check conversion return mode. See the following table for options.
Options
Description
ADC_RETURN_STATUS
Immediately returns the status. If the value returned
is zero, the conversion is not complete, and this
function should be retried until a nonzero result is
returned.
ADC_WAIT_FOR_RESULT
Does not return a result until the ADC conversion is
complete.
Return Value:
uint8: If a nonzero value is returned, the last conversion is complete. If the returned value is
zero, the ADC is still calculating the last result.
Side Effects:
This function reads the end of conversion status, which is cleared on read.
int8 ADC_GetResult8(void)
Description:
Returns the result of an 8-bit conversion. If the resolution is set greater than 8 bits, the
function returns the LSB of the result. In PSoC 5 this function returns a shifted value when
the resolution is set to less than 12 bits. ADC_IsEndConversion() should be called to verify
that the data sample is ready.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int8: The LSB of the last ADC conversion.
Side Effects:
Converts the ADC counts to the 2’s complement form.
int16 ADC_GetResult16(void)
Description:
Returns a 16-bit result for a conversion with a result that has a resolution of 8 to 12 bits. In
PSoC 5 this function returns a shifted value when the resolution is set to less than 12 bits.
ADC_IsEndConversion() should be called to verify that the data sample is ready.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
int16: The 16-bit result of the last ADC conversion
Side Effects:
Converts the ADC counts to the 2’s complement form.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_SetOffset(int16 offset)
Description:
Sets the ADC offset, which is used by ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(),
and ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(), to subtract the offset from the given reading before
calculating the voltage conversion.
Parameters:
int16 offset: This value is measured when the inputs are shorted or connected to the
same input voltage.
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Affects ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), and ADC_CountsTo_uVolts()
by subtracting the given offset.
void ADC_SetGain(int16 adcGain)
Description:
Sets the ADC gain in counts per volt for the voltage conversion functions that follow. This
value is set by default by the reference and input range settings. It should only be used to
further calibrate the ADC with a known input or if the ADC is using an external reference.
Parameters:
int16 adcGain: ADC gain in counts per volt
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Affects ADC_CountsTo_Volts(), ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(), ADC_CountsTo_uVolts() by
supplying the correct conversion between ADC counts and the applied input voltage.
float ADC_CountsTo_Volts(int16 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to volts as a floating-point number. For example, if the ADC
measured 0.534 volts, the return value would be 0.534. The calculation of voltage depends
on the value of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the value used for
Vdda is set for the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources (DWR).
Parameters:
int16 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion
Return Value:
Float: Result in volts
Side Effects:
None
int16 ADC_CountsTo_mVolts(int16 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to millivolts as a 16-bit integer. For example, if the ADC measured
0.534 volts, the return value would be 534. The calculation of voltage depends on the value
of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the value used for Vdda is set for
the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources (DWR).
Parameters:
int16 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion
Return Value:
int16: Result in mV
Side Effects:
None
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
int32 ADC_CountsTo_uVolts(int16 adcCounts)
Description:
Converts the ADC output to microvolts as a 32-bit integer. For example, if the ADC
measured 0.534 volts, the return value would be 534000. The calculation of voltage
depends on the value of the voltage reference. When the Vref is based on Vdda, the value
used for Vdda is set for the project in the System tab of the Design Wide Resources (DWR).
Parameters:
int16 adcCounts: Result from the ADC conversion
Return Value:
int32: Result in µV
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_Sleep(void)
Description:
This is the preferred routine to prepare the component for sleep. The ADC_Sleep() routine
saves the current component state. Then it calls the ADC_Stop() function and calls
ADC_SaveConfig() to save the hardware configuration.
Call the ADC_Sleep() function before calling the CyPmSleep() or the CyPmHibernate()
function. See the PSoC Creator System Reference Guide for more information about powermanagement functions.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_Wakeup(void)
Description:
This is the preferred routine to restore the component to the state when ADC_Sleep() was
called. The ADC_Wakeup() function calls the ADC_RestoreConfig() function to restore the
configuration. If the component was enabled before the ADC_Sleep() function was called,
the ADC_Wakeup() function also re-enables the component.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Calling the ADC_Wakeup() function without first calling the ADC_Sleep() or
ADC_SaveConfig() function can produce unexpected behavior.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
void ADC_Init(void)
Description:
Initializes or restores the component according to the customizer Configure dialog
settings. It is not necessary to call ADC_Init() because the ADC_Start() routine calls
this function and is the preferred method to begin component operation.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
All registers will be set to values according to the customizer Configure dialog.
void ADC_Enable(void)
Description:
Activates the hardware and begins component operation. The higher power is set
automatically depending on clock speed. The ADC_SetPower() API description contains the
relation of the power from the clock rate. It is not necessary to call ADC_Enable() because
the ADC_Start() routine calls this function, which is the preferred method to begin
component operation.
Parameters:
None
Return Value: None
Side Effects:
None
void ADC_SaveConfig(void)
Description:
This function saves the component configuration and nonretention registers. It also saves
the current component parameter values, as defined in the Configure dialog or as modified
by the appropriate APIs. This function is called by the ADC_Sleep() function.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
All ADC configuration registers are retained. This function does not have an implementation
and is meant for future use. It is provided here so that the APIs are consistent across
components.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
void ADC_RestoreConfig(void)
Description:
This function restores the component configuration and nonretention registers. It also
restores the component parameter values to what they were before calling the
ADC_Sleep() function.
Parameters:
None
Return Value:
None
Side Effects:
Calling this function without first calling the ADC_Sleep() or ADC_SaveConfig() function can
produce unexpected behavior. This function does not have an implementation and is meant
for future use. It is provided here so that the APIs are consistent across components.
MISRA Compliance
This section describes the MISRA-C:2004 compliance and deviations for the component. There
are two types of deviations defined:
project deviations – deviations that are applicable for all PSoC Creator components
specific deviations – deviations that are applicable only for this component
This section provides information on component-specific deviations. Project deviations are
described in the MISRA Compliance section of the System Reference Guide along with
information on the MISRA compliance verification environment.
The ADC_SAR component does not have any specific deviations.
This component has the following embedded components: Interrupt, Clock. Refer to the
corresponding component datasheet for information on their MISRA compliance and specific
deviations.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
DMA
You can use the DMA component to transfer converted results from ADC_SAR register to RAM.
You should connect the DMA data request signal (DRQ) to the EOC pin from the ADC. You can
use the DMA Wizard to configure DMA operation as follows:
Name of DMA Source
ADC_SAR_WRK0_PTR
Length
Direction
DMA
Request
Signal
2
Source
EOF
DMA
Request
Type
Rising Edge
Description
Receive a 2-byte result for a conversion
with a result that always has 12-bit
resolution.
Note that this register is not sign
extended; the result is always unsigned.
A 0-V differential input returns a halfscale code. A full negative input returns
a 0 code, and a full positive input
returns a full-scale code.
Sample Firmware Source Code
PSoC Creator provides many example projects that include schematics and example code in the
Find Example Project dialog. For component-specific examples, open the dialog from the
Component Catalog or an instance of the component in a schematic. For general examples,
open the dialog from the Start Page or File menu. As needed, use the Filter Options in the
dialog to narrow the list of projects available to select.
Refer to the “Find Example Project” topic in the PSoC Creator Help for more information.
Interrupt Service Routine
The ADC_SAR contains a blank interrupt service routine in the file ADC_SAR_1_INT.c file,
where “ADC_SAR_1” is the instance name. You can place custom code in the designated areas
to perform whatever function is required at the end of a conversion. A copy of the blank interrupt
service routine is shown below. Place custom code between the “/* `#START
MAIN_ADC_ISR` */” and “/* `#END` */” comments. This ensures that the code will be
preserved when a project is regenerated.
CY_ISR( ADC_SAR_1_ISR )
{
/* Place user ADC ISR code here. This can be a good place
/* to place code that is used to switch the input to the
/* ADC. It may be good practice to first stop the ADC
/* before switching the input then restart the ADC.
*/
*/
*/
*/
/* `#START MAIN_ADC_ISR` */
/* Place user code here. */
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
/* `#END`
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
*/
}
A second designated area is available to place variable definitions and constant definitions.
/* System variables */
/* `#START ADC_SYS_VAR` */
/* Place user code here. */
/* `#END` */
An example of code that uses an interrupt to capture data follows.
#include <device.h>
int16 result = 0;
uint8 dataReady = 0;
void main()
{
int16 newReading = 0;
CYGlobalIntEnable;
ADC_SAR_1_Start();
ADC_SAR_1_IRQ_Enable();
ADC_SAR_1_StartConvert();
for(;;)
{
if (dataReady != 0)
{
dataReady = 0;
newReading = result;
/* More user code */
}
}
}
/*
/*
/*
/*
Enable Global interrupts */
Initialize ADC */
Enable ADC interrupts */
Start ADC conversions */
Interrupt code segments in the file ADC_SAR_1_INT.c.
/**********************************
*
System variables
**********************************/
/* `#START ADC_SYS_VAR` */
extern int16 result;
extern uint8 dataReady;
/* `#END` */
CY_ISR(ADC_SAR_1_ISR )
{
/**********************************************/
/* Place user ADC ISR code here.
*/
/* This can be a good place to place code
*/
/* that is used to switch the input to the
*/
/* ADC. It may be good practice to first
*/
/* stop the ADC before switching the input
*/
/* then restart the ADC.
*/
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
/**********************************************/
/* `#START MAIN_ADC_ISR` */
result = ADC_SAR_1_GetResult16();
dataReady = 1;
/* `#END` */
}
It is important to set the Conversion Rate and Master Clock parameters correctly.
For example, at the maximum conversion rate (700 ksps at 12 bits) set the Master Clock to
53 MHz in the Design-Wide Resources Clock Editor, and optimize the ISR routine. Otherwise,
the processor will not be able to handle the ISR quickly enough. If you select a lower Master
Clock, the run time of the ISR will be longer than ADC_SAR conversion time.
You can optimize the ISR by reading sample registers directly:
CY_ISR(ADC_SAR_1_ISR )
{
/**********************************************/
/* Place user ADC ISR code here.
*/
/* This can be a good place to place code
*/
/* that is used to switch the input to the
*/
/* ADC. It may be good practice to first
*/
/* stop the ADC before switching the input
*/
/* then restart the ADC.
*/
/**********************************************/
/* `#START MAIN_ADC_ISR` */
result = CY_GET_REG16(ADC_SAR_1_SAR_WRK0_PTR);
dataReady = 1;
/* `#END` */
}
Functional Description
D0:D11
The following figure shows a block diagram. An input analog signal is sampled and compared
with the output of a DAC using a binary search algorithm to determine the conversion bits in
succession from MSB to LSB.
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Registers
Sample Registers
The ADC results can be between 8 and 12 bits of resolution. The output is divided into two 8-bit
registers. The CPU or DMA can access these registers to read the ADC result.
ADC_SAR_WRK0_REG (SAR working register 0)
Bits
7
6
5
4
Value
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
Data[7:0]
ADC_SAR_WRK1_REG (SAR working register 1)
Bits
7
Value
overrun_det
6
5
4
N/A
Data[11:8]
Data[11:0]: The ADC results
overrun_det: Data overrun detection flag. This function is disabled by default.
Resources
The ADC_SAR uses a fixed-block SAR in the silicon.
API Memory Usage
The component memory usage varies significantly, depending on the compiler, device, number
of APIs used and component configuration. The following table provides the memory usage for
all APIs available in the default component configuration.
The measurements have been done with the associated compiler configured in Release mode
with optimization set for Size. For a specific design the map file generated by the compiler can
be analyzed to determine the memory usage.
PSoC 3 (Keil_PK51)
Configuration
Default
PSoC 5 (GCC)
PSoC 5LP (GCC)
Flash
SRAM
Flash
SRAM
Flash
SRAM
Bytes
Bytes
Bytes
Bytes
Bytes
Bytes
N/A
N/A
894
12
814
11
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
DC and AC Electrical Characteristics
The following values indicate performance for PSoC 5. These values can be used as preliminary
performance expectations for PSoC 5LP prior to final characterization. Unless otherwise
specified, operating conditions are:
Operation in continuous sample mode
Fclk = 14 MHz
Input range = ±VREF
Bypass capacitor of 10 µF
DC Specifications
Parameter
Description
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Resolution
8
–
12
Number of channels – single-ended
–
–
No. of
GPIO
–
–
–
No. of
GPIO/2
–
Yes
–
–
Number of channels – differential
Differential pair is formed
using a pair of GPIOs.
1
Monotonicity
bits
Ge
Gain error
External reference
–
–
±0.2
VOS
Input offset voltage
VCM = 0 V
–
–
±2
VCM = VDD/2
–
–
±6
–
–
1
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
VSSA
–
VDDA
V
0.8
–
VDDA
V
IDD
Current consumption
Input voltage range – single-ended
Input voltage range – differential
1
1
External reference input voltage
range
%
mV
mA
PSRR
Power supply rejection ratio
1
70
–
–
dB
CMRR
Common mode rejection ratio
35
–
–
dB
Internal reference from VBG
–
–
±2
LSB
Internal reference from VBG
–
–
±2
LSB
INL
DNL
1
Units
Integral nonlinearity
1
Differential nonlinearity
1
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
DNL vs Output Code,
Bypassed Internal Reference Mode
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
INL vs Output Code,
Bypassed Internal Reference Mode
IDD vs sps, VDDA = 5 V, Continuous Sample Mode,
External Reference Mode
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
AC Specifications
Parameter
Description
Sample rate
Startup time
SINAD
Conditions
2
Min
Typ
Max
PSoC 5LP with bypass capacitor
–
–
1000
PSoC 5 with bypass capacitor
–
–
736
Without bypass capacitor
–
–
100
–
–
10
µs
VDDA 3.6 V, VREF 3.6 V
57
–
–
dB
3.6 V < VDDA 5.5 V
57
–
–
VDDA 3.6 V, VREF 3.6 V
–
–
0.1
3.6 V < VDDA 5.5 V
–
–
0.1
2
Signal-to-noise ratio
2
Units
ksps
VREF < 1.3 V or VREF > 1.8 V
THD
Total harmonic distortion
2
%
VREF < 1.3 V or VREF > 1.8 V
2
Based on device characterization (not production tested).
Noise Histogram, 1000 samples, 700 ksps,
Internal Reference No Bypass, VIN = VREF/2
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Noise Histogram, 1000 samples, 700 ksps,
Internal Reference Bypassed, VIN = VREF/2
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Noise Histogram, 1000 samples,
700 ksps, External Reference, VIN = VREF/2
Document Number: 001-85167 Rev. **
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
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PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
Component Changes
This section lists the major changes in the component from the previous version.
Version
2.0
1.90
1.80
Description of Changes
Reason for Changes / Impact
Added MISRA Compliance section.
The component does not have any specific
deviations.
Renamed Triggered sample mode to Software
Trigger. Added Hardware Trigger sample mode.
SOC input is present in Software Trigger sample
mode for the backward compatible.
ADC_StartConvert() API disables the external
SOC input in Triggered mode. To resolve the
confusion, Hardware Trigger mode has been
added, where ADC_StartConvert() and
ADC_StopConvert() APIs do not have
implementation.
Added label that shows actual conversion rate.
The actual conversion rate may differ from
desired rate based on available clock speed and
divider range.
Added optional EOS output.
This signal is useful when the SAR ADC is used
along with an input channel multiplexer, to
switch the multiplexer as soon as possible.
Hid the “Internal Vref, bypassed” item from the
reference drop-down list when "0.0 ± Vdda" is
selected as the input range. A high conversion rate is
allowed for this range without the bypass capacitor.
The bypass capacitor is not needed for Vdda
reference.
Added support for PSoC 5LP silicon.
Edited the datasheet to clarify clock frequency.
1.71
Fixed the ADC_GetResult8() and ADC_GetResult16() The resulting data can be corrupted if the SAR
ADC updates the output sampling register after
APIs to perform one 16-bit read operation instead of
one of the bytes has been read.
two 8-bit reads.
Fixed the ADC_IsEndConversion() API to wait until
the EOF status bit is released.
1.70
This function can return an unexpected
Conversion complete status after quick
consecutive calls.
Corrected minimum value in SampleRate error
provider message.
Hid the “External Vref” item from the Reference dropdown list when "VDAC" is selected as Input Range.
External reference is not usable when VDAC
range is selected.
Renamed the external pin to “ExtVref” when the
External Vref option is chosen. The name “Bypass” is
retained when Internal reference with Bypass option
is chosen.
To match the pin name with functionality.
Datasheet corrections
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PSoC® Creator™ Component Datasheet
Version
1.60
1.50.a
ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
Description of Changes
Reason for Changes / Impact
Removed the “Power” parameter from the customizer. The higher power is set automatically depending
on clock speed. The ADC_SetPower() API
description contains the relation of the power
from the clock rate.
SAR operates in 12-bit mode. The 8 and 10 bit
options remain but only impact the
ADC_GetResult16() API.
SAR ADC only showed ODD counts as output in
8- or 10-bit Mode.
Changed default SAR conversion rate from 1 Msps to
631579 sps (12-MHz clock).
The SAR should be able to place and build with
default settings.
The ADC_Stop() API does not power down the ADC,
but reduces the power to the minimum.
PSoC 5 silicon has a defect that causes
connections to several analog resources to be
unreliable when not powered.
Changed the conversion time from 18 to 19 cycles.
To improve the SAR performance.
Added Clock Frequency verification.
This change provides a way to avoid using the
SAR ADC with an out of spec clock.
If updating from version 1.10 of the SAR ADC
component and using an out of working range
clock, select a correct clock frequency.
Added information to the component that advertizes
its compatibility with silicon revisions.
The tool reports an error/warning if the
component is used on incompatible silicon. If
this happens, update to a revision that supports
your target device.
Minor datasheet edits and updates
1.50
Added Sleep/Wakeup and Init/Enable APIs.
To support low-power modes and to provide
common interfaces to separate control of
initialization and enabling of most components.
Added ADC_CountsTo_Volts and
ADC_CountsTo_uVolts APIs.
Extend functionality. This APIs returns the
converted result in Volts and uVolts.
Added the DMA Capabilities file to the component.
This file allows the ADC_SAR to be supported
by the DMA Wizard tool in PSoC Creator.
Implemented conversion of the ADC counts to the 2’s
complement form in the ADC_GetResult8 and
ADC_GetResult16 APIs. The same was removed
from the ADC_CountsTo_mVolts function.
This change has been done for consistency with
the ADC DelSig.
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ADC Successive Approximation Register (ADC_SAR)
®
PSoC Creator™ Component Datasheet
© Cypress Semiconductor Corporation, 2012. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Cypress Semiconductor Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use of
any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Cypress product. Nor does it convey or imply any license under patent or other rights. Cypress products are not warranted nor intended to be used
for medical, life support, life saving, critical control or safety applications, unless pursuant to an express written agreement with Cypress. Furthermore, Cypress does not authorize its products for
use as critical components in life-support systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress products in lifesupport systems application implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
PSoC® is a registered trademark, and PSoC Creator™ and Programmable System-on-Chip™ are trademarks of Cypress Semiconductor Corp. All other trademarks or registered trademarks
referenced herein are property of the respective corporations.
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foreign), United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions. Cypress hereby grants to licensee a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to copy, use, modify, create
derivative works of, and compile the Cypress Source Code and derivative works for the sole purpose of creating custom software and or firmware in support of licensee product to be used only in
conjunction with a Cypress integrated circuit as specified in the applicable agreement. Any reproduction, modification, translation, compilation, or representation of this Source Code except as
specified above is prohibited without the express written permission of Cypress.
Disclaimer: CYPRESS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Cypress reserves the right to make changes without further notice to the materials described herein.
Cypress does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit described herein. Cypress does not authorize its products for use as critical components in lifesupport systems where a malfunction or failure may reasonably be expected to result in significant injury to the user. The inclusion of Cypress’ product in a life-support systems application
implies that the manufacturer assumes all risk of such use and in doing so indemnifies Cypress against all charges.
Use may be limited by and subject to the applicable Cypress software license agreement.
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