L9821 HIGH SIDE DRIVER .. . .. . 25A PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT RON = 100mΩ DIAGNOSTIC AND PROTECTION FUNCTIONS µP COMPATIBLE GROUNDED CASE INRUSH CURRENT LIMITING CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The L9821 High Side Driver realized with Multipower - BCD mixed technology, drives resistive or inductive loads with one side connected to ground. The input control is TTL compatible and a diagnostic output provides an indication of load (open and short) and device status (thermal and overvoltage shutdown).Onchip thermalprotectionand short circuit protection are provided. MULTIPOWER BCD TECHNOLOGY Pentawatt ORDERING NUMBER : L9821 The device is assembled in the Pentawattpackage with the tab connected to the ground terminal. BLOCK DIAGRAM February 1997 1/7 L9821 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol VS Parameter Value 50Vdc Max Forward Voltage Positive Transient Peak Voltage (dump : τf fall time constant = 100ms, 5ms ≤ trise ≤ 10ms, Rsource ≥ 0.5Ω) – Resistive Load – Inductive Load 60V 50V (*) Reverse Input Voltage VI V4 V5 Input Voltage Pin 2 (to GND) Pin 4 Voltage Pin 5 Voltage (to GND) (to GND) I1 I2 I4 I5 Pin Pin Pin Pin PTOT 1 2 4 5 – 0.3Vdc – 0.3V / + Vs (Vs < 20V) – 0.3V / + Vs (Vs < 20V) – 3V / + Vs (Vs < 20V) Current Current (forced) Current (sink) Current Internally Limited 0.5mA 10mA Internally Limited Power Dissipation Internally Limited TJ, TSTG Junction and Storage Temperature Range – 55°C to + 150°C * due to the negative voltage at the output during the switching off. THERMAL DATA Symbol R th j-case Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction-case PIN CONNECTION (top view) 2/7 Max Value Unit 1.5 °C/W L9821 PIN FUNCTIONS condition. This output detects with Tipically 45ms delay at Tamb = 25°C the following faults : 1. POWER SUPPLY Supply voltage input. When the supply reaches the maximum operating voltage (32V) the device is turned off, protecting itself and the load. Turning off guaranteed for VS > 41V. - 2. INPUT TTL compatible input. High level on this pin means outputcurrentON. Thelow level voltageswitches off the charge pump, the power stage and the diagnostic output reducing to the minimum value the quiescent current. Overvoltage condition. Thermal shutdown. Short circuit. The powerstagecurrentis internally limited at 25A. Open load. The open load condition is detected with load current < 0.6A. The diagnostic output is active low. The diagnostic delay time allows to avoid spurious diagnosys (i.e : turn ON overcurrent, overvoltage spikes etc.). - 3. GROUND This pin must be connected to ground. 5. POWER OUTPUT The device is provided with short circuit protection at Vs ≤ 14.4V 4. DIAGNOSTIC FEEDBACK The diagnostic circuit is active in input high level ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VS = 14.4V; -40°C ≤ Tj ≤ 125°C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter V OP Operat. Voltage R ON On Resistance Test Condition Min. Typ. 6 Input >2V:Tj = 25°C Input >2V:Full T range Unit 32 V Ω 0.1 0.2 ISC Short circuit current 25 IDL Over Current Detection Level 20 IOPD Open Load Detection Level Device ON Output Under Voltage Clamping Iload <6A Inductive IOff Off State Supply Current Tj = -40 to 35°C Tj = 35 to 85°C ION ON State Supply Current Tj = 25°C VIL Input Low Level V IH Input High Level Vclamp Max. -12 A A 1.2 A -4 V 100 300 µA µA mA 10 0.8 2.0 V V Input Current Vi = Vthreshold 15 µA ILEAKD Diagnostic Output Leakage Voltage VCC = 5V Diagnostic Output 10 µA VSATD Diagnostic Output Saturation Voltage Isink <1.6mA 0.4 V II TDd Diagnostic Delay Time Tj = 25°C; 45 ms tdON Output ON Delay Time Tj = 25°C 15 µs tr Output ON Rise Time Tj = 25°C 65 µs Output OFF Delay Time Tj = 25°C 50 µs Output OFF Fall Time Tj = 25°C 100 µs tdOFF tf 3/7 L9821 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The L9821is a high sidedrive monolithic switch, driven by TTL, CMOS input logic, able to supply resistive or inductive loads up to 6A DC allowing a current peak of 25A with a RDS(ON) = 0.1. The electronicswitch, in additionto its main function,protects itself, the power network and the load against load dump (up to 60V) and overload and it detects short circuit, open load and overtemperature conditions. All these functions (logic control and power actuation)are possible on a singlechip thanks to the new mixed ST MultipowerBCD technologythat allows to integrate isolated DMOS power transistors in combinationwith Bipolarand CMOS signal structureson the same chip. The high side drive connection (series switch between the load and the positive powersource)is particularlysuited in automotiveenvironmentwherethe electrochemicalcorrosion withstandinghas primary importance. For this connection the best solution is a Power MOS N-channel which requires for driving only a capacitive charge pump completely integrated on the switch chip. The L9821 is based on a power DMOS series element, a driving circuit with a charge pump, an input logic interface and on some protectionand fault detection circuits. The power DMOS transistor has a RDS(ON) = 0.1Ω (typ. value @ TJ = 25°C, VGS = 10V). The low value of RDS(ON) is important both to increase the power transferred to the load and to minimize the power dissipated in the device. The charge pump is a capacitivevoltage tripler starting from power supply (car battery), driven by a 500kHz oscillator. The input interface is based on a circuitry solution able to guarantee the stability over temperature of the TTL logic levels and very low quiescent current in OFF condition. When the supply reaches the maximum operating voltage (32V) the device is turned OFF, protecting itself and the load ; moreoverlocal zener clamps are provided in some critical points to avoid that VGS of 4/7 any MOS transistor could reach dangerous values even during 60V load dump transient. The inrush current limiting is a significant feature of the L9821. This functionallows to protect the power supplynetwork and may extend the life of the loads. For example, in the case of the lamps, the tungsten wire resistance value in cold condition is about one tenthof the nominalsteadystateand then the inrush current during the turn on is statistically one of the main causes of lamps failures. If the high current condition persists (e.g. load short circuit) and the junctiontemperaturerises above150°C,the thermal protectioncircuit turns off the device preventingany damage. The current limiting and the thermal shutdown are sufficient to protectthe device againstany overload becausethe power DMOS has not the second breakdown. When the L9821 is driven and one of the protections (overtemperature, overvoltage, overload) is present, a fault detection open drain output turns on. This output is active also when Iload is lower than 0.6A detectingthe open load (disconnected or burned out). The diagnostic output detects fault conditions with 25ms delay in order to avoid spurious diagnosys (i.e. : turn on overcurrent, overvoltage spikes etc.). In OFF conditions the fault detection circuits are not active to allow a minimum quiescent current. The device can drive unipolar DC motors and solenoids as well becauseit can recirculate an inductive current when the output voltage goes lower than Vclamp value (typically - 6.5V in respect to ground). The possibility to have a start up current is useful also for DC motors allowing the maximum starting torque. TYPICAL APPLICATION OF THE L9821 The L9821 integrated high side driver can be used to replace an electromechanical relay. Inductiveload (i.e. solenoids,motors) can be driven by the L9821. No externalcomponents are required for the coil current recirculation, because the device provides this function internally. L9821 Figure 1. 5/7 L9821 PENTAWATT PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA mm DIM. MIN. inch TYP. A C D 2.4 MAX. 4.8 1.37 2.8 MIN. 0.094 MAX. 0.189 0.054 0.110 D1 E F 1.2 0.35 0.8 1.35 0.55 1.05 0.047 0.014 0.031 0.053 0.022 0.041 F1 G G1 1 1.4 0.039 0.126 0.260 0.055 0.142 0.276 3.4 6.8 H2 H3 L 10.4 10.4 10.05 L1 L2 L3 L5 L6 L7 0.134 0.268 0.409 0.409 0.396 17.85 0.703 15.75 21.4 22.5 0.620 0.843 0.886 2.6 15.1 6 M M1 Dia TYP. 3 15.8 6.6 0.102 0.594 0.236 0.118 0.622 0.260 4.5 4 0.177 0.157 3.65 3.85 0.144 0.152 E L D1 C D M A M1 L1 L2 G L7 L6 6/7 F H2 F1 Dia. G1 L3 H3 L5 L9821 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. Specification mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics. 1997 SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics – Printed in Italy – All Rights Reserved SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - France - Germany - Hong Kong - Italy - Japan - Korea - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco -The Netherlands - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Taiwan - Thailand - United Kingdom - U.S.A. 7/7