STMICROELECTRONICS ST7FLITE35F2M6

ST7LITE3
8-BIT MCU WITH SINGLE VOLTAGE FLASH, DATA EEPROM, ADC,
TIMERS, SPI, LINSCI™
Memories
– 8 Kbytes program memory: single voltage extended Flash (XFlash) Program memory with
read-out protection, In-Circuit Programming
and In-Application programming (ICP and
IAP), data retention: 20 years at 55°C.
– 384 bytes RAM
– 256 bytes data EEPROM with read-out protection. 300K write/erase cycles guaranteed,
data retention: 20 years at 55°C.
■ Clock, Reset and Supply Management
– Enhanced reset system
– Enhanced low voltage supervisor (LVD) for
main supply and an auxiliary voltage detector
(AVD) with interrupt capability for implementing safe power-down procedures
– Clock sources: Internal RC1% oscillator, crystal/ceramic resonator or external clock
– Optional x4 or x8 PLL for 4 or 8 MHz internal
clock
– Five Power Saving Modes: Halt, Active-Halt,
Wait and Slow, Auto Wake Up From Halt
■ I/O Ports
– Up to 15 multifunctional bidirectional I/O lines
– 7 high sink outputs
■ 5 Timers
– Configurable Watchdog Timer
– Two 8-bit Lite Timers with prescaler,
1 realtime base and 1 input capture
– Two 12-bit Auto-reload Timers with 4 PWM
outputs, input capture and output compare
functions
Device Summary
■
Features
Program memory - bytes
RAM (stack) - bytes
Data EEPROM - bytes
Peripherals
Operating Supply
CPU Frequency
Operating Temperature
Packages
ST7LITE30
SO20
DIP20
2 Communication Interfaces
– Master/slave LINSCI™ asynchronous serial
interface
– SPI synchronous serial interface
■ Interrupt Management
– 10 interrupt vectors plus TRAP and RESET
– 12 external interrupt lines (on 4 vectors)
■ A/D Converter
– 7 input channels
– 10-bit resolution
■ Instruction Set
8-bit data manipulation
– 63 basic instructions with illegal opcode
detection
– 17 main addressing modes
– 8 x 8 unsigned multiply instructions
■ Development Tools
– Full hardware/software development package
– DM (Debug module)
■
ST7LITE35
ST7LITE39
8K
384 (128)
256
Lite Timer, Autoreload Timer, SPI, LINSCI, 10-bit ADC
2.7V to 5.5 V
Up to 8Mhz
Up to 8Mhz (w/ ext OSC up to 16MHz
(w/ ext OSC up to 16MHz)
and int 1MHz RC 1% PLLx8/4MHz)
-40°C to +85°C
SO20 300”, DIP20
Rev. 4.0
July 2005
1/167
1
Table of Contents
ST7LITE3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 PIN DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.2
MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.3
PROGRAMMING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.4
ICC INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.5
MEMORY PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.6
RELATED DOCUMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.7
REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5 DATA EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.2
MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
5.3
MEMORY ACCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.4
POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.5
ACCESS ERROR HANDLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.6
DATA EEPROM READ-OUT PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.7
REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
6 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.2
MAIN FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
6.3
CPU REGISTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
7 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.1 INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.2
PHASE LOCKED LOOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7.3
REGISTER DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7.4
MULTI-OSCILLATOR (MO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.5
RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.6
SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (SI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.1 NON MASKABLE SOFTWARE INTERRUPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.2
EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.3
PERIPHERAL INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
9 POWER SAVING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.2
SLOW MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.3
WAIT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.4
HALT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9.5
ACTIVE-HALT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2/167
2
Table of Contents
9.6
AUTO WAKE UP FROM HALT MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10 I/O PORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
10.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
10.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
10.3 I/O PORT IMPLEMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
10.4 UNUSED I/O PINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
10.5 LOW POWER MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
10.6 INTERRUPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
11 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
11.1 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
11.2 DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (AT3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
11.3 LITE TIMER 2 (LT2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
11.4 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
11.5 LINSCI SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN MASTER/SLAVE) . . . . . . . . . . 88
11.6 10-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
12 INSTRUCTION SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
12.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
12.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
13 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.1 PARAMETER CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.3 OPERATING CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.4 SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.5 CLOCK AND TIMING CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.6 MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.7 EMC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.8 I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.9 CONTROL PIN CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.10 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.11 10-BIT ADC CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14 PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.1 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129
129
130
131
138
140
141
142
144
149
151
153
155
155
14.2 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
14.3 SOLDERING AND GLUEABILITY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
15 DEVICE CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
15.1 FLASH OPTION BYTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
15.2 DEVICE ORDERING INFORMATION AND TRANSFER OF CUSTOMER CODE . . . . 160
15.3 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
16 KNOWN LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
16.1 CLEARING ACTIVE INTERRUPTS OUTSIDE INTERRUPT ROUTINE . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
16.2 LINSCI LIMITATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
17 REVISION HISTORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
3/167
3
ST7LITE3
1 INTRODUCTION
The ST7LITE3 is a member of the ST7 microcontroller family. All ST7 devices are based on a common industry-standard 8-bit core, featuring an enhanced instruction set.
The ST7LITE3 features FLASH memory with
byte-by-byte In-Circuit Programming (ICP) and InApplication Programming (IAP) capability.
Under software control, the ST7LITE3 device can
be placed in WAIT, SLOW, or HALT mode, reducing power consumption when the application is in
idle or standby state.
The enhanced instruction set and addressing
modes of the ST7 offer both power and flexibility to
software developers, enabling the design of highly
efficient and compact application code. In addition
to standard 8-bit data management, all ST7 microcontrollers feature true bit manipulation, 8x8 unsigned multiplication and indirect addressing
modes.
For easy reference, all parametric data are located
in section 13 on page 129.
The devices feature an on-chip Debug Module
(DM) to support in-circuit debugging (ICD). For a
description of the DM registers, refer to the ST7
ICC Protocol Reference Manual.
Figure 1. General Block Diagram
Int.
1% RC
1MHz
12-Bit
Auto-Reload
TIMER 2
PLL x 8
or PLL X4
CLKIN
8-Bit
LITE TIMER 2
/2
OSC1
OSC2
Ext.
OSC
1MHz
to
16MHz
Internal
CLOCK
VDD
VSS
RESET
POWER
SUPPLY
CONTROL
8-BIT CORE
ALU
ADDRESS AND DATA BUS
LVD
PORT A
PORT B
ADC
Debug Module
SPI
LINSCI
4/167
1
PROGRAM
MEMORY
(8K Bytes)
WDG
RAM
(384 Bytes)
DATA EEPROM
( 256 Bytes)
PA7:0
(8 bits)
PB6:0
(7 bits)
ST7LITE3
2 PIN DESCRIPTION
Figure 2. 20-Pin SO and DIP Package Pinout
VSS
1
20
OSC1/CLKIN
VDD
RESET
2
19
3
18
OSC2
PA0 (HS)/LTIC
SS/AIN0/PB0
4
SCK/AIN1/PB1
5
MISO/AIN2/PB2
6
MOSI/AIN3/PB3
7
CLKIN/AIN4/PB4
8
AIN5/PB5
RDI/AIN6/PB6
9
10
ei3
ei0
ei2
ei1
ei2
17
PA1 (HS)/ATIC
16
PA2 (HS)/ATPWM0
15
PA3 (HS)/ATPWM1
14
PA4 (HS)/ATPWM2
13
12
PA5 (HS)/ATPWM3/ICCDATA
PA6/MCO/ICCCLK/BREAK
11
PA7 (HS)/TDO
(HS) 20mA high sink capability
eix associated external interrupt vector
5/167
1
ST7LITE3
PIN DESCRIPTION (Cont’d)
Legend / Abbreviations for Table 1:
Type:
I = input, O = output, S = supply
In/Output level: CT= CMOS 0.3VDD/0.7VDD with input trigger
Output level:
HS = 20mA high sink (on N-buffer only)
Port and control configuration:
– Input:
float = floating, wpu = weak pull-up, int = interrupt, ana = analog
– Output:
OD = open drain, PP = push-pull
The RESET configuration of each pin is shown in bold which is valid as long as the device is in reset state.
Table 1. Device Pin Description
Port / Control
Main
Output Function
(after
reset)
1
VSS
S
Ground
2
VDD
S
Main power supply
3
RESET
4
PB0/AIN0/SS
I/O CT
I/O
X
CT
X
X
Top priority non maskable interrupt (active low)
X
X
X
Port B0
ei3
ADC Analog Input 0 or SPI Slave Select
(active low)
Caution: No negative current injection
allowed on this pin. For details, refer to
section 13.2.2 on page 130
ADC Analog Input 1 or SPI Serial Clock
Caution: No negative current injection
allowed on this pin. For details, refer to
section 13.2.2 on page 130
ADC Analog Input 2 or SPI Master In/
Slave Out Data
ADC Analog Input 3 or SPI Master Out
/ Slave In Data
ADC Analog Input 4 or External clock
input
5
PB1/AIN1/SCK I/O
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B1
6
PB2/AIN2/MISO I/O
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B2
7
PB3/AIN3/MOSI I/O
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B3
8
PB4/AIN4/
CLKIN**
I/O
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B4
9
PB5/AIN5
I/O
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B5
ADC Analog Input 5
CT
X
X
X
X
Port B6
ADC Analog Input 6 or LINSCI Input
X
X
Port A7
LINSCI Output
10 PB6/AIN6/RDI
I/O
11 PA7/TDO
I/O CT HS
6/167
1
Alternate Function
PP
OD
ana
int
wpu
Input
float
Output
Input
Pin Name
Type
Level
Pin
No.
ei2
X
ei2
X
X
ST7LITE3
Port / Control
Alternate Function
PP
Main
Output Function
(after
reset)
OD
ana
int
wpu
Input
float
Output
Pin Name
Input
Pin
No.
Type
Level
Main Clock Output or In Circuit Communication Clock or External BREAK
PA6 /MCO/
12 ICCCLK/
BREAK
13
I/O
CT
X
X
X
Port A6
X
X
X
Port A5
ei1
PA5 /ATPWM3/
I/O CT HS
ICCDATA
Caution: During normal operation this
pin must be pulled- up, internally or externally (external pull-up of 10k mandatory in noisy environment). This is to
avoid entering ICC mode unexpectedly
during a reset. In the application, even if
the pin is configured as output, any reset will put it back in input pull-up.
Auto-Reload Timer PWM3 or In Circuit
Communication Data
14 PA4/ATPWM2
I/O CT HS
X
X
X
Port A4
Auto-Reload Timer PWM2
15 PA3/ATPWM1
I/O CT HS
X
X
X
Port A3
Auto-Reload Timer PWM1
16 PA2/ATPWM0
I/O CT HS
X
X
X
Port A2
Auto-Reload Timer PWM0
17 PA1/ATIC
I/O CT HS
X
X
X
Port A1
Auto-Reload Timer Input Capture
18 PA0/LTIC
I/O CT HS
X
X
X
Port A0
Lite Timer Input Capture
19 OSC2
O
Resonator oscillator inverter output
20 OSC1/CLKIN
I
Resonator oscillator inverter input or External clock
input
ei0
X
Note:
For input with interrupt possibility “eix” defines the associated external interrupt vector which can be assigned to one of the I/O pins using the EISR register. Each interrupt can be either weak pull-up or floating
defined through option register OR.
7/167
1
ST7LITE3
3 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP
As shown in Figure 3, the MCU is capable of addressing 64K bytes of memories and I/O registers.
The available memory locations consist of 128
bytes of register locations, 384 bytes of RAM, 256
bytes of data EEPROM and 8 Kbytes of user program memory. The RAM space includes up to 128
bytes for the stack from 180h to 1FFh.
The highest address bytes contain the user reset
and interrupt vectors.
The Flash memory contains two sectors (see Figure 3) mapped in the upper part of the ST7 addressing space so the reset and interrupt vectors
are located in Sector 0 (F000h-FFFFh).
The size of Flash Sector 0 and other device options are configurable by Option byte.
IMPORTANT: Memory locations marked as “Reserved” must never be accessed. Accessing a reseved area can have unpredictable effects on the
device.
Figure 3. Memory Map
0080h
Short Addressing
RAM (zero page)
0000h
007Fh
0080h
HW Registers
(see Table 2)
00FFh
0100h
16-bit Addressing
RAM
RAM
(384 Bytes)
017Fh
0180h
Reserved
01FFh
01FFh
0200h
128 Bytes Stack
0FFFh
1000h
10FFh
1100h
DEE0h
Data EEPROM
(256 Bytes)
DEE1h
RCCRH0
RCCRL0
DEE2h
RCCRH1
DEE3h
Reserved
DFFFh
E000h
E000h
Flash Memory
(8K)
FFDFh
FFE0h
8K FLASH
PROGRAM MEMORY
FBFFh
FC00h
FFFFh
DEE4h
RCCRL1
see section 7.1 on page 22
and Note 1)
7 Kbytes
SECTOR 1
1 Kbyte
SECTOR 0
Interrupt & Reset Vectors
(see Table 5)
FFFFh
1. DEE0h, DEE1h, DEE2h and DEE3h addresses are located in a reserved area but are special bytes
containing also the RC calibration values which are read-accessible only in user mode. If all the EEPROM
data or Flash space (including the RC calibration values locations) has been erased (after the read out
protection removal), then the RC calibration values can still be obtained through these addresses.
8/167
1
ST7LITE3
Table 2. Hardware Register Map
Address
0000h
0001h
0002h
0003h
0004h
0005h
Block
Register
Label
000Dh
000Eh
000Fh
0010h
0011h
0012h
0013h
0014h
0015h
0016h
0017h
0018h
0019h
001Ah
001Bh
001Ch
001Dh
001Eh
001Fh
0020h
0021h
0022h
0023h
0024h
0025h
Reset Status
Remarks
Port A
PADR
PADDR
PAOR
Port A Data Register
Port A Data Direction Register
Port A Option Register
FFh1)
00h
40h
R/W
R/W
R/W
Port B
PBDR
PBDDR
PBOR
Port B Data Register
Port B Data Direction Register
Port B Option Register
FFh 1)
00h
00h
R/W
R/W
R/W2)
0006h
0007h
0008h
0009h
000Ah
000Bh
000Ch
Register Name
Reserved area (2 bytes)
LITE
TIMER 2
AUTORELOAD
TIMER 3
LTCSR2
LTARR
LTCNTR
LTCSR1
LTICR
Lite Timer Control/Status Register 2
Lite Timer Auto-reload Register
Lite Timer Counter Register
Lite Timer Control/Status Register 1
Lite Timer Input Capture Register
0Fh
00h
00h
0X00 0000h
xxh
R/W
R/W
Read Only
R/W
Read Only
ATCSR
CNTR1H
CNTR1L
ATR1H
ATR1L
PWMCR
PWM0CSR
PWM1CSR
PWM2CSR
PWM3CSR
DCR0H
DCR0L
DCR1H
DCR1L
DCR2H
DCR2L
DCR3H
DCR3L
ATICRH
ATICRL
ATCSR2
BREAKCR
ATR2H
ATR2L
DTGR
Timer Control/Status Register
Counter Register 1 High
Counter Register 1 Low
Auto-Reload Register 1 High
Auto-Reload Register 1 Low
PWM Output Control Register
PWM 0 Control/Status Register
PWM 1 Control/Status Register
PWM 2 Control/Status Register
PWM 3 Control/Status Register
PWM 0 Duty Cycle Register High
PWM 0 Duty Cycle Register Low
PWM 1 Duty Cycle Register High
PWM 1 Duty Cycle Register Low
PWM 2 Duty Cycle Register High
PWM 2 Duty Cycle Register Low
PWM 3 Duty Cycle Register High
PWM 3 Duty Cycle Register Low
Input Capture Register High
Input Capture Register Low
Timer Control/Status Register 2
Break Control Register
Auto-Reload Register 2 High
Auto-Reload Register 2 Low
Dead Time Generator Register
0X00 0000h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
03h
00h
00h
00h
00h
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Read Only
Read Only
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0026h to
002Dh
Reserved area (8 bytes)
002Eh
WDG
0002Fh
FLASH
00030h
EEPROM
WDGCR
Watchdog Control Register
7Fh
R/W
FCSR
Flash Control/Status Register
00h
R/W
EECSR
Data EEPROM Control/Status Register
00h
R/W
9/167
1
ST7LITE3
Register
Label
Address
Block
0031h
0032h
0033h
SPI
SPIDR
SPICR
SPICSR
SPI Data I/O Register
SPI Control Register
SPI Control Status Register
xxh
0xh
00h
R/W
R/W
R/W
0034h
0035h
0036h
ADC
ADCCSR
ADCDRH
ADCDRL
A/D Control Status Register
A/D Data Register High
A/D control and Data Register Low
00h
xxh
x0h
R/W
Read Only
R/W
0037h
ITC
EICR
External Interrupt Control Register
00h
R/W
0038h
MCC
MCCSR
Main Clock Control/Status Register
00h
R/W
0039h
003Ah
Clock and
Reset
RCCR
SICSR
RC oscillator Control Register
System Integrity Control/Status Register
FFh
0000 0XX0h
R/W
R/W
00h
R/W
003Bh
003Ch
ITC
EISR
004Bh
004Ch
004Dh
004Eh
004Fh
0050h
0051h to
007Fh
Remarks
External Interrupt Selection Register
Reserved area (3 bytes)
LINSCI
(LIN Master/Slave)
SCISR
SCIDR
SCIBRR
SCICR1
SCICR2
SCICR3
SCIERPR
SCIETPR
0048h
0049h
004Ah
Reset Status
Reserved area (1 byte)
003Dh to
003Fh
0040h
0041h
0042h
0043h
0044h
0045h
0046h
0047h
Register Name
SCI Status Register
SCI Data Register
SCI Baud Rate Register
SCI Control Register 1
SCI Control Register 2
SCI Control Register 3
SCI Extended Receive Prescaler Register
SCI Extended Transmit Prescaler Register
C0h
xxh
00xx xxxxb
xxh
00h
00h
00h
00h
Read Only
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reserved area (1 byte)
AWU
AWUPR
AWUCSR
AWU Prescaler Register
AWU Control/Status Register
FFh
00h
R/W
R/W
DM3)
DMCR
DMSR
DMBK1H
DMBK1L
DMBK2H
DMBK2L
DM Control Register
DM Status Register
DM Breakpoint Register 1 High
DM Breakpoint Register 1 Low
DM Breakpoint Register 2 High
DM Breakpoint Register 2 Low
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
00h
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reserved area (47 bytes)
Legend: x=undefined, R/W=read/write
Notes:
1. The contents of the I/O port DR registers are readable only in output configuration. In input configuration, the values of the I/O pins are returned instead of the DR register contents.
2. The bits associated with unavailable pins must always keep their reset value.
3. For a description of the DM registers, see the ST7 ICC Reference Manual.
10/167
1
ST7LITE3
4 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY
4.1 Introduction
The ST7 single voltage extended Flash (XFlash) is
a non-volatile memory that can be electrically
erased and programmed either on a byte-by-byte
basis or up to 32 bytes in parallel.
The XFlash devices can be programmed off-board
(plugged in a programming tool) or on-board using
In-Circuit Programming or In-Application Programming.
The array matrix organisation allows each sector
to be erased and reprogrammed without affecting
other sectors.
4.2 Main Features
■
■
■
■
■
ICP (In-Circuit Programming)
IAP (In-Application Programming)
ICT (In-Circuit Testing) for downloading and
executing user application test patterns in RAM
Sector 0 size configurable by option byte
Read-out and write protection
4.3 PROGRAMMING MODES
The ST7 can be programmed in three different
ways:
– Insertion in a programming tool. In this mode,
FLASH sectors 0 and 1, option byte row and
data EEPROM (if present) can be programmed or erased.
– In-Circuit Programming. In this mode, FLASH
sectors 0 and 1, option byte row and data
EEPROM (if present) can be programmed or
erased without removing the device from the
application board.
– In-Application Programming. In this mode,
sector 1 and data EEPROM (if present) can
be programmed or erased without removing
the device from the application board and
while the application is running.
4.3.1 In-Circuit Programming (ICP)
ICP uses a protocol called ICC (In-Circuit Communication) which allows an ST7 plugged on a printed circuit board (PCB) to communicate with an external programming device connected via cable.
ICP is performed in three steps:
Switch the ST7 to ICC mode (In-Circuit Communications). This is done by driving a specific signal
sequence on the ICCCLK/DATA pins while the
RESET pin is pulled low. When the ST7 enters
ICC mode, it fetches a specific RESET vector
which points to the ST7 System Memory containing the ICC protocol routine. This routine enables
the ST7 to receive bytes from the ICC interface.
– Download ICP Driver code in RAM from the
ICCDATA pin
– Execute ICP Driver code in RAM to program
the FLASH memory
Depending on the ICP Driver code downloaded in
RAM, FLASH memory programming can be fully
customized (number of bytes to program, program
locations, or selection of the serial communication
interface for downloading).
4.3.2 In Application Programming (IAP)
This mode uses an IAP Driver program previously
programmed in Sector 0 by the user (in ICP
mode).
This mode is fully controlled by user software. This
allows it to be adapted to the user application, (user-defined strategy for entering programming
mode, choice of communications protocol used to
fetch the data to be stored etc.)
IAP mode can be used to program any memory areas except Sector 0, which is write/erase protected to allow recovery in case errors occur during
the programming operation.
11/167
1
ST7LITE3
FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY (Cont’d)
high level (push pull output or pull-up resistor<1K).
A schottky diode can be used to isolate the application RESET circuit in this case. When using a
classical RC network with R>1K or a reset management IC with open drain output and pull-up resistor>1K, no additional components are needed.
In all cases the user must ensure that no external
reset is generated by the application during the
ICC session.
3. The use of Pin 7 of the ICC connector depends
on the Programming Tool architecture. This pin
must be connected when using most ST Programming Tools (it is used to monitor the application
power supply). Please refer to the Programming
Tool manual.
4. Pin 9 has to be connected to the PB4 pin of the
ST7 when the clock is not available in the application or if the selected clock option is not programmed in the option byte. ST7 devices with multi-oscillator capability need to have OSC2 grounded in this case.
Caution: During normal operation ICCCLK pin
must be pulled- up, internally or externally (external pull-up of 10k mandatory in noisy environment). This is to avoid entering ICC mode unexpectedly during a reset. In the application, even if
the pin is configured as output, any reset will put it
back in input pull-up.
4.4 ICC interface
ICP needs a minimum of 4 and up to 6 pins to be
connected to the programming tool. These pins
are:
– RESET: device reset
– VSS: device power supply ground
– ICCCLK: ICC output serial clock pin
– ICCDATA: ICC input serial data pin
– PB4/OSC1: main clock input for external
source (not required on devices without
OSC1/OSC2 pins)
– VDD: application board power supply (optional, see Note 3)
Notes:
1. If the ICCCLK or ICCDATA pins are only used
as outputs in the application, no signal isolation is
necessary. As soon as the Programming Tool is
plugged to the board, even if an ICC session is not
in progress, the ICCCLK and ICCDATA pins are
not available for the application. If they are used as
inputs by the application, isolation such as a serial
resistor has to be implemented in case another device forces the signal. Refer to the Programming
Tool documentation for recommended resistor values.
2. During the ICP session, the programming tool
must control the RESET pin. This can lead to conflicts between the programming tool and the application reset circuit if it drives more than 5mA at
Figure 4. Typical ICC Interface
PROGRAMMING TOOL
ICC CONNECTOR
ICC Cable
ICC CONNECTOR
HE10 CONNECTOR TYPE
(See Note 3)
OPTIONAL
(See Note 4)
9
7
5
3
1
10
8
6
4
2
APPLICATION BOARD
APPLICATION
RESET SOURCE
See Note 2
ST7
ICCDATA
See Note 1 and caution APPLICATION
I/O
See Note 1
ICCCLK
CLKIN
(OSC1/PB4)
CL1
OSC2
VDD
CL2
RESET
APPLICATION
POWER SUPPLY
Note with the ICP option disabled with ST7 MDT10-EPB that the external clock has to be provided on PB4
12/167
1
ST7LITE3
FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY (Cont’d)
4.5 Memory Protection
4.6 Related Documentation
There are two different types of memory protection: Read Out Protection and Write/Erase Protection which can be applied individually.
4.5.1 Read out Protection
Readout protection, when selected provides a protection against program memory content extraction and against write access to Flash memory.
Even if no protection can be considered as totally
unbreakable, the feature provides a very high level
of protection for a general purpose microcontroller.
Both program and data E2 memory are protected.
In flash devices, this protection is removed by reprogramming the option. In this case, both program and data E2 memory are automatically
erased and the device can be reprogrammed.
– Read-out protection selection is enabled and removed through the FMP_R bit in the option byte.
4.5.2 Flash Write/Erase Protection
Write/erase protection, when set, makes it impossible to both overwrite and erase program memory. It does not apply to E2 data. Its purpose is to
provide advanced security to applications and prevent any change being made to the memory content.
Warning: Once set, Write/erase protection can
never be removed. A write-protected flash device
is no longer reprogrammable.
Write/erase protection is enabled through the
FMP_W bit in the option byte.
For details on Flash programming and ICC protocol, refer to the ST7 Flash Programming Reference Manual and to the ST7 ICC Protocol Reference Manual.
4.7 Register Description
FLASH CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (FCSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 000 0000 (00h)
1st RASS Key: 0101 0110 (56h)
2nd RASS Key: 1010 1110 (AEh)
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
OPT
LAT
PGM
Note: This register is reserved for programming
using ICP, IAP or other programming methods. It
controls the XFlash programming and erasing operations.
When an EPB or another programming tool is
used (in socket or ICP mode), the RASS keys are
sent automatically.
13/167
1
ST7LITE3
5 DATA EEPROM
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 MAIN FEATURES
The Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory can be used as a non volatile backup for storing data. Using the EEPROM requires a
basic access protocol described in this chapter.
■
■
■
■
■
■
Up to 32 Bytes programmed in the same cycle
EEPROM mono-voltage (charge pump)
Chained erase and programming cycles
Internal control of the global programming cycle
duration
WAIT mode management
Readout protection
Figure 5. EEPROM Block Diagram
HIGH VOLTAGE
PUMP
EECSR
0
0
0
ADDRESS
DECODER
0
0
4
0
E2LAT E2PGM
EEPROM
ROW
MEMORY MATRIX
DECODER
(1 ROW = 32 x 8 BITS)
128
4
128
DATA
32 x 8 BITS
MULTIPLEXER
DATA LATCHES
4
ADDRESS BUS
14/167
1
DATA BUS
ST7LITE3
DATA EEPROM (Cont’d)
5.3 MEMORY ACCESS
The Data EEPROM memory read/write access
modes are controlled by the E2LAT bit of the EEPROM Control/Status register (EECSR). The flowchart in Figure 6 describes these different memory
access modes.
Read Operation (E2LAT=0)
The EEPROM can be read as a normal ROM location when the E2LAT bit of the EECSR register is
cleared. In a read cycle, the byte to be accessed is
put on the data bus in less than 1 CPU clock cycle.
This means that reading data from EEPROM
takes the same time as reading data from
EPROM, but this memory cannot be used to execute machine code.
Write Operation (E2LAT=1)
To access the write mode, the E2LAT bit has to be
set by software (the E2PGM bit remains cleared).
When a write access to the EEPROM area occurs,
the value is latched inside the 32 data latches according to its address.
When PGM bit is set by the software, all the previous bytes written in the data latches (up to 32) are
programmed in the EEPROM cells. The effective
high address (row) is determined by the last EEPROM write sequence. To avoid wrong programming, the user must take care that all the bytes
written between two programming sequences
have the same high address: only the five Least
Significant Bits of the address can change.
At the end of the programming cycle, the PGM and
LAT bits are cleared simultaneously.
Note: Care should be taken during the programming cycle. Writing to the same memory location
will over-program the memory (logical AND between the two write access data result) because
the data latches are only cleared at the end of the
programming cycle and by the falling edge of the
E2LAT bit.
It is not possible to read the latched data.
This note is ilustrated by the Figure 8.
Figure 6. Data EEPROM Programming Flowchart
READ MODE
E2LAT=0
E2PGM=0
READ BYTES
IN EEPROM AREA
WRITE MODE
E2LAT=1
E2PGM=0
WRITE UP TO 32 BYTES
IN EEPROM AREA
(with the same 11 MSB of the address)
START PROGRAMMING CYCLE
E2LAT=1
E2PGM=1 (set by software)
0
E2LAT
1
CLEARED BY HARDWARE
15/167
1
ST7LITE3
DATA EEPROM (Cont’d)
Figure 7. Data E2PROM Write Operation
⇓ Row / Byte ⇒
ROW
DEFINITION
0
1
2
3
...
30 31
Physical Address
0
00h...1Fh
1
20h...3Fh
...
Nx20h...Nx20h+1Fh
N
Read operation impossible
Byte 1
Byte 2
Byte 32
Read operation possible
Programming cycle
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
Writing data latches
Waiting E2PGM and E2LAT to fall
E2LAT bit
Set by USER application
Cleared by hardware
E2PGM bit
Note: If a programming cycle is interrupted (by software or a reset action), the integrity of the data in memory is not guaranteed.
16/167
1
ST7LITE3
DATA EEPROM (Cont’d)
5.4 POWER SAVING MODES
5.5 ACCESS ERROR HANDLING
Wait mode
The DATA EEPROM can enter WAIT mode on execution of the WFI instruction of the microcontroller or when the microcontroller enters Active-HALT
mode.The DATA EEPROM will immediately enter
this mode if there is no programming in progress,
otherwise the DATA EEPROM will finish the cycle
and then enter WAIT mode.
If a read access occurs while E2LAT=1, then the
data bus will not be driven.
If a write access occurs while E2LAT=0, then the
data on the bus will not be latched.
If a programming cycle is interrupted (by software/
RESET action), the memory data will not be guaranteed.
5.6 Data EEPROM Read-out Protection
Active-Halt mode
Refer to Wait mode.
Halt mode
The DATA EEPROM immediately enters HALT
mode if the microcontroller executes the HALT instruction. Therefore the EEPROM will stop the
function in progress, and data may be corrupted.
The read-out protection is enabled through an option bit (see section 15.1 on page 158).
When this option is selected, the programs and
data stored in the EEPROM memory are protected
against read-out (including a re-write protection).
In Flash devices, when this protection is removed
by reprogramming the Option Byte, the entire Program memory and EEPROM is first automatically
erased.
Note: Both Program Memory and data EEPROM
are protected using the same option bit.
Figure 8. Data EEPROM Programming Cycle
READ OPERATION NOT POSSIBLE
READ OPERATION POSSIBLE
INTERNAL
PROGRAMMING
VOLTAGE
ERASE CYCLE
WRITE OF
DATA LATCHES
WRITE CYCLE
tPROG
LAT
PGM
17/167
1
ST7LITE3
DATA EEPROM (Cont’d)
5.7 REGISTER DESCRIPTION
EEPROM CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (EECSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
E2LAT E2PGM
Bits 7:2 = Reserved, forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 1 = E2LAT Latch Access Transfer
This bit is set by software. It is cleared by hardware at the end of the programming cycle. It can
only be cleared by software if the E2PGM bit is
cleared.
0: Read mode
1: Write mode
Bit 0 = E2PGM Programming control and status
This bit is set by software to begin the programming
cycle. At the end of the programming cycle, this bit
is cleared by hardware.
0: Programming finished or not yet started
1: Programming cycle is in progress
Note: if the E2PGM bit is cleared during the programming cycle, the memory data is not guaranteed
Table 3. DATA EEPROM Register Map and Reset Values
Address
(Hex.)
0030h
18/167
1
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
E2LAT
0
E2PGM
0
EECSR
Reset Value
ST7LITE3
6 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
6.1 INTRODUCTION
This CPU has a full 8-bit architecture and contains
six internal registers allowing efficient 8-bit data
manipulation.
6.2 MAIN FEATURES
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
63 basic instructions
Fast 8-bit by 8-bit multiply
17 main addressing modes
Two 8-bit index registers
16-bit stack pointer
Low power modes
Maskable hardware interrupts
Non-maskable software interrupt
6.3 CPU REGISTERS
The 6 CPU registers shown in Figure 9 are not
present in the memory mapping and are accessed
by specific instructions.
Accumulator (A)
The Accumulator is an 8-bit general purpose register used to hold operands and the results of the
arithmetic and logic calculations and to manipulate
data.
Index Registers (X and Y)
In indexed addressing modes, these 8-bit registers
are used to create either effective addresses or
temporary storage areas for data manipulation.
(The Cross-Assembler generates a precede instruction (PRE) to indicate that the following instruction refers to the Y register.)
The Y register is not affected by the interrupt automatic procedures (not pushed to and popped from
the stack).
Program Counter (PC)
The program counter is a 16-bit register containing
the address of the next instruction to be executed
by the CPU. It is made of two 8-bit registers PCL
(Program Counter Low which is the LSB) and PCH
(Program Counter High which is the MSB).
Figure 9. CPU Registers
7
0
ACCUMULATOR
RESET VALUE = XXh
7
0
X INDEX REGISTER
RESET VALUE = XXh
7
0
Y INDEX REGISTER
RESET VALUE = XXh
15
PCH
8 7
PCL
0
PROGRAM COUNTER
RESET VALUE = RESET VECTOR @ FFFEh-FFFFh
7
1 1 1 H I
0
N Z C
CONDITION CODE REGISTER
RESET VALUE = 1 1 1 X 1 X X X
15
8 7
0
STACK POINTER
RESET VALUE = STACK HIGHER ADDRESS
X = Undefined Value
19/167
1
ST7LITE3
CPU REGISTERS (Cont’d)
CONDITION CODE REGISTER (CC)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 111x1xxx
7
1
0
1
1
H
I
N
Z
because the I bit is set by hardware at the start of
the routine and reset by the IRET instruction at the
end of the routine. If the I bit is cleared by software
in the interrupt routine, pending interrupts are
serviced regardless of the priority level of the current interrupt routine.
C
The 8-bit Condition Code register contains the interrupt mask and four flags representative of the
result of the instruction just executed. This register
can also be handled by the PUSH and POP instructions.
These bits can be individually tested and/or controlled by specific instructions.
Bit 4 = H Half carry.
This bit is set by hardware when a carry occurs between bits 3 and 4 of the ALU during an ADD or
ADC instruction. It is reset by hardware during the
same instructions.
0: No half carry has occurred.
1: A half carry has occurred.
This bit is tested using the JRH or JRNH instruction. The H bit is useful in BCD arithmetic subroutines.
Bit 2 = N Negative.
This bit is set and cleared by hardware. It is representative of the result sign of the last arithmetic,
logical or data manipulation. It is a copy of the 7th
bit of the result.
0: The result of the last operation is positive or null.
1: The result of the last operation is negative
(i.e. the most significant bit is a logic 1).
This bit is accessed by the JRMI and JRPL instructions.
Bit 1 = Z Zero.
This bit is set and cleared by hardware. This bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical
or data manipulation is zero.
0: The result of the last operation is different from
zero.
1: The result of the last operation is zero.
This bit is accessed by the JREQ and JRNE test
instructions.
Bit 3 = I Interrupt mask.
This bit is set by hardware when entering in interrupt or by software to disable all interrupts except
the TRAP software interrupt. This bit is cleared by
software.
0: Interrupts are enabled.
1: Interrupts are disabled.
This bit is controlled by the RIM, SIM and IRET instructions and is tested by the JRM and JRNM instructions.
Note: Interrupts requested while I is set are
latched and can be processed when I is cleared.
By default an interrupt routine is not interruptable
20/167
1
Bit 0 = C Carry/borrow.
This bit is set and cleared by hardware and software. It indicates an overflow or an underflow has
occurred during the last arithmetic operation.
0: No overflow or underflow has occurred.
1: An overflow or underflow has occurred.
This bit is driven by the SCF and RCF instructions
and tested by the JRC and JRNC instructions. It is
also affected by the “bit test and branch”, shift and
rotate instructions.
ST7LITE3
CPU REGISTERS (Cont’d)
STACK POINTER (SP)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 01FFh
15
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
1
1
0
SP6
SP5
SP4
SP3
SP2
SP1
SP0
The Stack Pointer is a 16-bit register which is always pointing to the next free location in the stack.
It is then decremented after data has been pushed
onto the stack and incremented before data is
popped from the stack (see Figure 10).
Since the stack is 128 bytes deep, the 9 most significant bits are forced by hardware. Following an
MCU Reset, or after a Reset Stack Pointer instruction (RSP), the Stack Pointer contains its reset value (the SP6 to SP0 bits are set) which is the stack
higher address.
The least significant byte of the Stack Pointer
(called S) can be directly accessed by a LD instruction.
Note: When the lower limit is exceeded, the Stack
Pointer wraps around to the stack upper limit, without indicating the stack overflow. The previously
stored information is then overwritten and therefore lost. The stack also wraps in case of an underflow.
The stack is used to save the return address during a subroutine call and the CPU context during
an interrupt. The user may also directly manipulate
the stack by means of the PUSH and POP instructions. In the case of an interrupt, the PCL is stored
at the first location pointed to by the SP. Then the
other registers are stored in the next locations as
shown in Figure 10.
– When an interrupt is received, the SP is decremented and the context is pushed on the stack.
– On return from interrupt, the SP is incremented
and the context is popped from the stack.
A subroutine call occupies two locations and an interrupt five locations in the stack area.
Figure 10. Stack Manipulation Example
CALL
Subroutine
PUSH Y
Interrupt
Event
POP Y
RET
or RSP
IRET
@ 0180h
SP
SP
CC
A
SP
CC
A
X
X
X
PCH
PCH
PCH
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCH
PCH
PCH
PCH
PCH
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
PCL
SP
@ 01FFh
Y
CC
A
SP
SP
Stack Higher Address = 01FFh
Stack Lower Address = 0180h
21/167
1
ST7LITE3
7 SUPPLY, RESET AND CLOCK MANAGEMENT
The device includes a range of utility features for
securing the application in critical situations (for
example in case of a power brown-out), and reducing the number of external components.
Main features
■
Clock Management
– 1 MHz internal RC oscillator (enabled by option byte)
– 1 to 16 MHz or 32kHz External crystal/ceramic
resonator (selected by option byte)
– External Clock Input (enabled by option byte)
– PLL for multiplying the frequency by 8 or 4
(enabled by option byte)
■
Reset Sequence Manager (RSM)
■
System Integrity Management (SI)
– Main supply Low voltage detection (LVD) with
reset generation (enabled by option byte)
– Auxiliary Voltage detector (AVD) with interrupt
capability for monitoring the main supply (enabled by option byte)
7.1 INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT
The device contains an internal RC oscillator with
an accuracy of 1% for a given device, temperature
and voltage range (4.5V-5.5V). It must be calibrated to obtain the frequency required in the application. This is done by software writing a 8-bit calibration value in the RCCR (RC Control Register)
and in the bits [6:5] in the SICSR (SI Control Status Register).
Whenever the microcontroller is reset, the RCCR
returns to its default value (FFh), i.e. each time the
device is reset, the calibration value must be loaded in the RCCR. Predefined calibration values are
stored in EEPROM for 3V and 5V VDD supply voltages at 25°C, as shown in the following table.
RCCR
RCCRH0
RCCRL0
RCCRH1
RCCRL1
Conditions
VDD=5V
TA=25°C
fRC=1MHz
VDD=3.3V
TA=25°C
fRC=1MHz
ST7LITE3
Addresses
DEE0h 1) (CR[9:2] bits)
DEE1h 1) (CR[1:0] bits)
DEE2h 1) (CR[9:2] bits)
DEE3h 1) (CR[1:0] bits)
1. DEE0h, DEE1h, DEE2h and DEE3h addresses
are located in a reserved area but are special
bytes containing also the RC calibration values
22/167
1
which are read-accessible only in user mode. If all
the EEPROM data or Flash space (including the
RC calibration values locations) has been erased
(after the read out protection removal), then the
RC calibration values can still be obtained through
these four addresses.
For compatibility reasons with the SICSR register,
CR[1:0] bits are stored in the 5th and 6th position
of DEE1 and DEE3 addresses.
Note:
– See “ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS” on
page 129. for more information on the frequency
and accuracy of the RC oscillator.
– To improve clock stability, it is recommended to
place a decoupling capacitor between the VDD
and VSS pins.
– These bytes are systematically programmed by
ST, including on FASTROM devices. Consequently, customers intending to use FASTROM
service must not use these bytes.
– RCCR0 and RCCR1 calibration values will not
be erased if the read-out protection bit is reset after it has been set . See “Read out Protection” on
page 13.
Caution: If the voltage or temperature conditions
change in the application, the frequency may need
to be recalibrated.
Refer to application note AN1324 for information
on how to calibrate the RC frequency using an external reference signal.
7.2 PHASE LOCKED LOOP
The PLL can be used to multiply a 1MHz frequency from the RC oscillator or the external clock by 4
or 8 to obtain fOSC of 4 or 8 MHz. The PLL is enabled and the multiplication factor of 4 or 8 is selected by 2 option bits.
– The x4 PLL is intended for operation with VDD in
the 2.7V to 3.3V range
– The x8 PLL is intended for operation with VDD in
the 3.3V to 5.5V range
Refer to Section 15.1 for the option byte description.
If the PLL is disabled and the RC oscillator is enabled, then fOSC = 1MHz.
If both the RC oscillator and the PLL are disabled,
fOSC is driven by the external clock.
ST7LITE3
PHASE LOCKED LOOP (Cont’d)
Figure 11. PLL Output Frequency Timing
Diagram
LOCKED bit set
4/8 x
input
freq.
tSTAB
7.3 REGISTER DESCRIPTION
MAIN CLOCK CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER
(MCCSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
Output freq.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MCO
SMS
tLOCK
Bits 7:2 = Reserved, must be kept cleared.
tSTARTUP
t
When the PLL is started, after reset or wakeup
from Halt mode or AWUFH mode, it outputs the
clock after a delay of tSTARTUP.
When the PLL output signal reaches the operating
frequency, the LOCKED bit in the SICSCR register
is set. Full PLL accuracy (ACCPLL) is reached after
a stabilization time of tSTAB (see Figure 11 and
13.3.4Internal RC Oscillator and PLL)
Refer to section 7.6.4 on page 32 for a description
of the LOCKED bit in the SICSR register.
Bit 1 = MCO Main Clock Out enable
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset. This bit allows to enable
the MCO output clock.
0: MCO clock disabled, I/O port free for general
purpose I/O.
1: MCO clock enabled.
Bit 0 = SMS Slow Mode select
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset. This bit selects the input
clock fOSC or fOSC/32.
0: Normal mode (fCPU = fOSC
1: Slow mode (fCPU = fOSC/32)
RC CONTROL REGISTER (RCCR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 1111 1111 (FFh)
7
CR9
0
CR8
CR7
CR6
CR5
CR4
CR3
CR2
Bits 7:0 = CR[9:2] RC Oscillator Frequency Adjustment Bits
These bits must be written immediately after reset
to adjust the RC oscillator frequency and to obtain
an accuracy of 1%. The application can store the
correct value for each voltage range in EEPROM
and write it to this register at start-up.
00h = maximum available frequency
FFh = lowest available frequency
These bits are used with the CR[1:0] bits in the
SICSR register. Refer to section 7.6.4 on page 32
Note: To tune the oscillator, write a series of different values in the register until the correct frequency is reached. The fastest method is to use a dichotomy starting with 80h.
23/167
1
ST7LITE3
Figure 12. Clock Management Block Diagram
CR9
CR8
CR7
CR6
CR5
CR1
CR4
CR3
CR2
RCCR
CR0
SICSR
CLKIN/2 (Ext Clock)
Tunable
1% RC Oscillator
1MHz
8MHz
PLL 1MHz -> 8MHz
PLL 1MHz -> 4MHz 4MHz
OSCRANGE[2:0]
Option bits
CLKIN
CLKIN
CLKIN
CLKIN/
OSC1
OSC2
OSC Option bit
OSC,PLLOFF,
OSCRANGE[2:0]
Option bits
Crystal OSC /2
/2
DIVIDER
8-BIT
LITE TIMER 2 COUNTER
fOSC
/32 DIVIDER
fOSC
PLLx4x8
/2
DIVIDER
OSC
1-16 MHZ
or 32kHz
RC OSC
PLL
Clock
fOSC/32
fOSC
1
0
fLTIMER
(1ms timebase @ 8 MHz fOSC)
fCPU
TO CPU AND
PERIPHERALS
MCO SMS MCCSR
fCPU
24/167
1
MCO
ST7LITE3
7.4 MULTI-OSCILLATOR (MO)
Crystal/Ceramic Oscillators
This family of oscillators has the advantage of producing a very accurate rate on the main clock of
the ST7. The selection within a list of 4 oscillators
with different frequency ranges has to be done by
option byte in order to reduce consumption (refer
to section 15.1 on page 158 for more details on the
frequency ranges). In this mode of the multi-oscillator, the resonator and the load capacitors have
to be placed as close as possible to the oscillator
pins in order to minimize output distortion and
start-up stabilization time. The loading capacitance values must be adjusted according to the
selected oscillator.
These oscillators are not stopped during the
RESET phase to avoid losing time in the oscillator
start-up phase.
Internal RC Oscillator
In this mode, the tunable 1%RC oscillator is used
as main clock source. The two oscillator pins have
to be tied to ground.
Table 4. ST7 Clock Sources
External Clock
Hardware Configuration
Crystal/Ceramic Resonators
External Clock Source
In this external clock mode, a clock signal (square,
sinus or triangle) with ~50% duty cycle has to drive
the OSC1 pin while the OSC2 pin is tied to ground.
Note: when the Multi-Oscillator is not used, PB4 is
selected by default as external clock.
The calibration is done through the RCCR[7:0] and
SICSR[6:5] registers.
Internal RC Oscillator
The main clock of the ST7 can be generated by
four different source types coming from the multioscillator block (1 to 16MHz or 32kHz):
■ an external source
■ 5 crystal or ceramic resonator oscillators
■ an internal high frequency RC oscillator
Each oscillator is optimized for a given frequency
range in terms of consumption and is selectable
through the option byte. The associated hardware
configurations are shown in Table 4. Refer to the
electrical characteristics section for more details.
ST7
OSC1
OSC2
EXTERNAL
SOURCE
ST7
OSC1
CL1
OSC2
LOAD
CAPACITORS
CL2
ST7
OSC1
OSC2
25/167
1
ST7LITE3
7.5 RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (RSM)
7.5.1 Introduction
The reset sequence manager includes three RESET sources as shown in Figure 14:
■ External RESET source pulse
■ Internal LVD RESET (Low Voltage Detection)
■ Internal WATCHDOG RESET
These sources act on the RESET pin and it is always kept low during the delay phase.
The RESET service routine vector is fixed at addresses FFFEh-FFFFh in the ST7 memory map.
The basic RESET sequence consists of 3 phases
as shown in Figure 13:
■ Active Phase depending on the RESET source
■ 256 or 4096 CPU clock cycle delay (see table
below)
■ RESET vector fetch
The 256 or 4096 CPU clock cycle delay allows the
oscillator to stabilise and ensures that recovery
has taken place from the Reset state. The shorter
or longer clock cycle delay is automatically selected depending on the clock source chosen by option byte:
Clock Source
Internal RC Oscillator
External clock (connected to CLKIN pin)
External Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator
(connected to OSC1/OSC2 pins)
CPU clock
cycle delay
256
256
The RESET vector fetch phase duration is 2 clock
cycles.
If the PLL is enabled by option byte, it outputs the
clock after an additional delay of tSTARTUP (see
Figure 11).
Figure 13. RESET Sequence Phases
RESET
Active Phase
INTERNAL RESET
256 or 4096 CLOCK CYCLES
FETCH
VECTOR
7.5.2 Asynchronous External RESET pin
The RESET pin is both an input and an open-drain
output with integrated RON weak pull-up resistor.
This pull-up has no fixed value but varies in accordance with the input voltage. It can be pulled
low by external circuitry to reset the device. See
Electrical Characteristic section for more details.
A RESET signal originating from an external
source must have a duration of at least th(RSTL)in in
order to be recognized (see Figure 15). This detection is asynchronous and therefore the MCU
can enter reset state even in HALT mode.
4096
Figure 14. Reset Block Diagram
VDD
RON
RESET
INTERNAL
RESET
Filter
PULSE
GENERATOR
26/167
1
WATCHDOG RESET
LVD RESET
ST7LITE3
RESET SEQUENCE MANAGER (Cont’d)
The RESET pin is an asynchronous signal which
plays a major role in EMS performance. In a noisy
environment, it is recommended to follow the
guidelines mentioned in the electrical characteristics section.
7.5.3 External Power-On RESET
If the LVD is disabled by option byte, to start up the
microcontroller correctly, the user must ensure by
means of an external reset circuit that the reset
signal is held low until VDD is over the minimum
level specified for the selected fOSC frequency.
A proper reset signal for a slow rising VDD supply
can generally be provided by an external RC network connected to the RESET pin.
7.5.4 Internal Low Voltage Detector (LVD)
RESET
Two different RESET sequences caused by the internal LVD circuitry can be distinguished:
■ Power-On RESET
■ Voltage Drop RESET
The device RESET pin acts as an output that is
pulled low when VDD<VIT+ (rising edge) or
VDD<VIT- (falling edge) as shown in Figure 15.
The LVD filters spikes on VDD larger than tg(VDD) to
avoid parasitic resets.
7.5.5 Internal Watchdog RESET
The RESET sequence generated by a internal
Watchdog counter overflow is shown in Figure 15.
Starting from the Watchdog counter underflow, the
device RESET pin acts as an output that is pulled
low during at least tw(RSTL)out.
Figure 15. RESET Sequences
VDD
VIT+(LVD)
VIT-(LVD)
LVD
RESET
RUN
EXTERNAL
RESET
RUN
ACTIVE PHASE
ACTIVE
PHASE
WATCHDOG
RESET
RUN
ACTIVE
PHASE
RUN
tw(RSTL)out
th(RSTL)in
EXTERNAL
RESET
SOURCE
RESET PIN
WATCHDOG
RESET
WATCHDOG UNDERFLOW
INTERNAL RESET (256 or 4096 TCPU)
VECTOR FETCH
27/167
1
ST7LITE3
7.6 SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (SI)
The System Integrity Management block contains
the Low voltage Detector (LVD) and Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD) functions. It is managed by
the SICSR register.
Note: A reset can also be triggered following the
detection of an illegal opcode or prebyte code. Refer to section 12.2.1 on page 126 for further details.
7.6.1 Low Voltage Detector (LVD)
The Low Voltage Detector function (LVD) generates a static reset when the VDD supply voltage is
below a VIT-(LVD) reference value. This means that
it secures the power-up as well as the power-down
keeping the ST7 in reset.
The VIT-(LVD) reference value for a voltage drop is
lower than the VIT+(LVD) reference value for poweron in order to avoid a parasitic reset when the
MCU starts running and sinks current on the supply (hysteresis).
The LVD Reset circuitry generates a reset when
VDD is below:
– VIT+(LVD)when VDD is rising
– VIT-(LVD) when VDD is falling
The LVD function is illustrated in Figure 16.
The voltage threshold can be configured by option
byte to be low, medium or high.
Provided the minimum VDD value (guaranteed for
the oscillator frequency) is above VIT-(LVD), the
MCU can only be in two modes:
– under full software control
– in static safe reset
In these conditions, secure operation is always ensured for the application without the need for external reset hardware.
During a Low Voltage Detector Reset, the RESET
pin is held low, thus permitting the MCU to reset
other devices.
Notes:
The LVD allows the device to be used without any
external RESET circuitry.
The LVD is an optional function which can be selected by option byte.
It is recommended to make sure that the VDD supply voltage rises monotonously when the device is
exiting from Reset, to ensure the application functions properly.
Figure 16. Low Voltage Detector vs Reset
VDD
Vhys
VIT+(LVD)
VIT-(LVD)
RESET
28/167
1
ST7LITE3
Figure 17. Reset and Supply Management Block Diagram
WATCHDOG
STATUS FLAG
TIMER (WDG)
SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT
RESET SEQUENCE
RESET
MANAGER
(RSM)
AVD Interrupt Request
SICSR
0
0
0
WDGRF LOCKED LVDRF AVDF AVDIE
LOW VOLTAGE
VSS
DETECTOR
VDD
(LVD)
AUXILIARY VOLTAGE
DETECTOR
(AVD)
29/167
1
ST7LITE3
SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d)
7.6.2 Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD)
The Voltage Detector function (AVD) is based on
an analog comparison between a VIT-(AVD) and
VIT+(AVD) reference value and the VDD main supply voltage (VAVD). The VIT-(AVD) reference value
for falling voltage is lower than the VIT+(AVD) reference value for rising voltage in order to avoid parasitic detection (hysteresis).
The output of the AVD comparator is directly readable by the application software through a real
time status bit (AVDF) in the SICSR register. This
bit is read only.
Caution: The AVD functions only if the LVD is en-
abled through the option byte.
7.6.2.1 Monitoring the VDD Main Supply
The AVD voltage threshold value is relative to the
selected LVD threshold configured by option byte
(see section 15.1 on page 158).
If the AVD interrupt is enabled, an interrupt is generated when the voltage crosses the VIT+(LVD) or
VIT-(AVD) threshold (AVDF bit is set).
In the case of a drop in voltage, the AVD interrupt
acts as an early warning, allowing software to shut
down safely before the LVD resets the microcontroller. See Figure 18.
Figure 18. Using the AVD to Monitor VDD
VDD
Early Warning Interrupt
(Power has dropped, MCU not
not yet in reset)
Vhyst
VIT+(AVD)
VIT-(AVD)
VIT+(LVD)
VIT-(LVD)
AVDF bit
0
1
RESET
1
0
AVD INTERRUPT
REQUEST
IF AVDIE bit = 1
INTERRUPT Cleared by
reset
LVD RESET
30/167
1
INTERRUPT Cleared by
hardware
ST7LITE3
SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d)
7.6.3 Low Power Modes
Mode
WAIT
HALT
set and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction).
Description
No effect on SI. AVD interrupts cause the
device to exit from Wait mode.
The SICSR register is frozen.
The AVD becomes inactive and the AVD interrupt cannot be used to exit from Halt
mode.
Interrupt Event
AVD event
Enable
Event
Control
Flag
Bit
Exit
from
Wait
Exit
from
Halt
AVDF
Yes
No
AVDIE
7.6.3.1 Interrupts
The AVD interrupt event generates an interrupt if
the corresponding Enable Control Bit (AVDIE) is
31/167
1
ST7LITE3
SYSTEM INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT (Cont’d)
7.6.4 Register Description
SYSTEM INTEGRITY (SI) CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (SICSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0xx0 (0xh)
Bit 2 = LVDRF LVD reset flag
This bit indicates that the last Reset was generated by the LVD block. It is set by hardware (LVD re7
0
set) and cleared by software (by reading). When
WDG
the LVD is disabled by OPTION BYTE, the LVDRF
0 CR1 CR0
LOCKED LVDRF AVDF AVDIE
RF
bit value is undefined.
Bit 7 = Reserved, must be kept cleared.
Bits 6:5 = CR[1:0] RC Oscillator Frequency Adjustment bits
These bits, as well as CR[9:2] bits in the RCCR
register must be written immediately after reset to
adjust the RC oscillator frequency and to obtain an
accuracy of 1%. Refer to section 7.3 on page 23
Bit 4 = WDGRF Watchdog reset flag
This bit indicates that the last Reset was generated by the Watchdog peripheral. It is set by hardware (watchdog reset) and cleared by software (by
reading SICSR register) or an LVD Reset (to ensure a stable cleared state of the WDGRF flag
when CPU starts).
Combined with the LVDRF flag information, the
flag description is given by the following table.
RESET Sources
LVDRF
WDGRF
External RESET pin
Watchdog
LVD
0
0
1
0
1
X
Bit 3 = LOCKED PLL Locked Flag
This bit is set and cleared by hardware. It is set automatically when the PLL reaches its operating frequency.
0: PLL not locked
1: PLL locked
32/167
1
Bit 1 = AVDF Voltage Detector flag
This read-only bit is set and cleared by hardware.
If the AVDIE bit is set, an interrupt request is generated when the AVDF bit is set. Refer to Figure
18 and to Section 7.6.2.1 for additional details.
0: VDD over AVD threshold
1: VDD under AVD threshold
Bit 0 = AVDIE Voltage Detector interrupt enable
This bit is set and cleared by software. It enables
an interrupt to be generated when the AVDF flag is
set. The pending interrupt information is automatically cleared when software enters the AVD interrupt routine.
0: AVD interrupt disabled
1: AVD interrupt enabled
Application notes
The LVDRF flag is not cleared when another RESET type occurs (external or watchdog), the
LVDRF flag remains set to keep trace of the original failure.
In this case, a watchdog reset can be detected by
software while an external reset can not.
ST7LITE3
8 INTERRUPTS
The ST7 core may be interrupted by one of two different methods: maskable hardware interrupts as
listed in the Interrupt Mapping Table and a nonmaskable software interrupt (TRAP). The Interrupt
processing flowchart is shown in Figure 19.
The maskable interrupts must be enabled by
clearing the I bit in order to be serviced. However,
disabled interrupts may be latched and processed
when they are enabled (see external interrupts
subsection).
Note: After reset, all interrupts are disabled.
When an interrupt has to be serviced:
– Normal processing is suspended at the end of
the current instruction execution.
– The PC, X, A and CC registers are saved onto
the stack.
– The I bit of the CC register is set to prevent additional interrupts.
– The PC is then loaded with the interrupt vector of
the interrupt to service and the first instruction of
the interrupt service routine is fetched (refer to
the Interrupt Mapping Table for vector addresses).
The interrupt service routine should finish with the
IRET instruction which causes the contents of the
saved registers to be recovered from the stack.
Note: As a consequence of the IRET instruction,
the I bit will be cleared and the main program will
resume.
Priority Management
By default, a servicing interrupt cannot be interrupted because the I bit is set by hardware entering in interrupt routine.
In the case when several interrupts are simultaneously pending, an hardware priority defines which
one will be serviced first (see the Interrupt Mapping Table).
Interrupts and Low Power Mode
All interrupts allow the processor to leave the
WAIT low power mode. Only external and specifically mentioned interrupts allow the processor to
leave the HALT low power mode (refer to the “Exit
from HALT“ column in the Interrupt Mapping Table).
8.1 NON MASKABLE SOFTWARE INTERRUPT
This interrupt is entered when the TRAP instruction is executed regardless of the state of the I bit.
It will be serviced according to the flowchart on
Figure 19.
8.2 EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS
External interrupt vectors can be loaded into the
PC register if the corresponding external interrupt
occurred and if the I bit is cleared. These interrupts
allow the processor to leave the Halt low power
mode.
The external interrupt polarity is selected through
the miscellaneous register or interrupt register (if
available).
An external interrupt triggered on edge will be
latched and the interrupt request automatically
cleared upon entering the interrupt service routine.
Caution: The type of sensitivity defined in the Miscellaneous or Interrupt register (if available) applies to the ei source.
8.3 PERIPHERAL INTERRUPTS
Different peripheral interrupt flags in the status
register are able to cause an interrupt when they
are active if both:
– The I bit of the CC register is cleared.
– The corresponding enable bit is set in the control
register.
If any of these two conditions is false, the interrupt
is latched and thus remains pending.
Clearing an interrupt request is done by:
– Writing “0” to the corresponding bit in the status
register or
– Access to the status register while the flag is set
followed by a read or write of an associated register.
Note: the clearing sequence resets the internal
latch. A pending interrupt (i.e. waiting for being enabled) will therefore be lost if the clear sequence is
executed.
33/167
1
ST7LITE3
INTERRUPTS (Cont’d)
Figure 19. Interrupt Processing Flowchart
FROM RESET
I BIT SET?
N
N
Y
INTERRUPT
PENDING?
Y
FETCH NEXT INSTRUCTION
N
IRET?
STACK PC, X, A, CC
SET I BIT
LOAD PC FROM INTERRUPT VECTOR
Y
EXECUTE INSTRUCTION
RESTORE PC, X, A, CC FROM STACK
THIS CLEARS I BIT BY DEFAULT
Table 5. Interrupt Mapping
N°
Source
Block
RESET
Description
Reset
TRAP
Software Interrupt
0
AWU
7 Interrupt
1
ei0
External Interrupt 0
2
ei1
External Interrupt 1
3
ei2
External Interrupt 2
4
ei3
External Interrupt 3
5
LITE TIMER LITE TIMER RTC2 interrupt
6
LINSCI
7
SI
8
AT TIMER
LINSCI Interrupt
AVD interrupt
AT TIMER Output Compare Interrupt
or Input Capture Interrupt
Register
Label
N/A
AWUCSR
Priority
Order
Highest
Priority
Address
Vector
yes
FFFEh-FFFFh
no
FFFCh-FFFDh
yes1)
FFFAh-FFFBh
FFF8h-FFF9h
N/A
yes
FFF6h-FFF7h
FFF4h-FFF5h
FFF2h-FFF3h
LTCSR2
no
FFF0h-FFF1h
SCICR1/
SCICR2
no
FFEEh-FFEFh
SICSR
no
FFECh-FFEDh
PWMxCSR
or ATCSR
no
FFEAh-FFEBh
9
AT TIMER Overflow Interrupt
ATCSR
yes2)
FFE8h-FFE9h
10
LITE TIMER Input Capture Interrupt
LTCSR
no
FFE6h-FFE7h
11
LITE TIMER
12
SPI
13
AT TIMER
LITE TIMER RTC1 Interrupt
LTCSR
SPI Peripheral Interrupts
SPICSR
AT TIMER Overflow Interrupt 2
ATCSR2
Lowest
Priority
Note 1: This interrupt exits the MCU from “Auto Wake-up from Halt” mode only.
Note 2: These interrupts exit the MCU from “ACTIVE-HALT” mode only.
34/167
1
Exit
from
HALT
yes
2)
FFE4h-FFE5h
yes
FFE2h-FFE3h
no
FFE0h-FFE1h
ST7LITE3
INTERRUPTS (Cont’d)
EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER
(EICR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
IS31
IS30
IS21
IS20
IS11
IS10
IS01
EXTERNAL INTERRUPT SELECTION REGISTER (EISR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
0
7
IS00
ei31
Bit 7:6 = IS3[1:0] ei3 sensitivity
These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei3
(Port B0) according to Table 6.
Bit 5:4 = IS2[1:0] ei2 sensitivity
These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei2
(Port B3) according to Table 6.
Bit 3:2 = IS1[1:0] ei1 sensitivity
These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei1
(Port A7) according to Table 6.
Bit 1:0 = IS0[1:0] ei0 sensitivity
These bits define the interrupt sensitivity for ei0
(Port A0) according to Table 6.
Note: These 8 bits can be written only when the I
bit in the CC register is set.
0
ei30
ei21
ei20
ei11
ei10
ei01
ei00
Bit 7:6 = ei3[1:0] ei3 pin selection
These bits are written by software. They select the
Port B I/O pin used for the ei3 external interrupt according to the table below.
External Interrupt I/O pin selection
ei31
ei30
I/O Pin
0
0
No interrupt *
0
1
PB0
1
0
PB1
1
1
PB2
* Reset State
Bit 5:4 = ei2[1:0] ei2 pin selection
These bits are written by software. They select the
Port B I/O pin used for the ei2 external interrupt according to the table below.
External Interrupt I/O pin selection
Table 6. Interrupt Sensitivity Bits
ISx1 ISx0
.
External Interrupt Sensitivity
ei21
ei20
I/O Pin
0
0
No interrupt *
0
0
Falling edge & low level
0
1
PB3
0
1
Rising edge only
1
0
PB5
1
0
Falling edge only
1
1
PB6
1
1
Rising and falling edge
* Reset State
35/167
1
ST7LITE3
INTERRUPTS (Cont’d)
Bit 3:2 = ei1[1:0] ei1 pin selection
These bits are written by software. They select the
Port A I/O pin used for the ei1 external interrupt according to the table below.
External Interrupt I/O pin selection
ei01
ei00
I/O Pin
ei11
ei10
I/O Pin
0
0
No Interrupt*
0
0
No interrupt*
0
1
PA1
0
PA2
1
PA3
0
1
PA4
1
1
0
PA5
1
1
1
PA6
* Reset State
Bit 1:0 = ei0[1:0] ei0 pin selection
These bits are written by software. They select the
36/167
1
Port A I/O pin used for the ei0 external interrupt according to the table below.
External Interrupt I/O pin selection
* Reset State
Bits 1:0 = Reserved.
ST7LITE3
9 POWER SAVING MODES
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 SLOW MODE
To give a large measure of flexibility to the application in terms of power consumption, five main power saving modes are implemented in the ST7 (see
Figure 20):
■ Slow
■ Wait (and Slow-Wait)
■ Active Halt
■ Auto Wake up From Halt (AWUFH)
■ Halt
After a RESET the normal operating mode is selected by default (RUN mode). This mode drives
the device (CPU and embedded peripherals) by
means of a master clock which is based on the
main oscillator frequency divided or multiplied by 2
(fOSC2).
From RUN mode, the different power saving
modes may be selected by setting the relevant
register bits or by calling the specific ST7 software
instruction whose action depends on the oscillator
status.
This mode has two targets:
– To reduce power consumption by decreasing the
internal clock in the device,
– To adapt the internal clock frequency (fCPU) to
the available supply voltage.
SLOW mode is controlled by the SMS bit in the
MCCSR register which enables or disables Slow
mode.
In this mode, the oscillator frequency is divided by
32. The CPU and peripherals are clocked at thislower frequency.
Note: SLOW-WAIT mode is activated when entering WAIT mode while the device is already in
SLOW mode.
Figure 20. Power Saving Mode Transitions
Figure 21. SLOW Mode Clock Transition
fOSC/32
fOSC
fCPU
fOSC
High
SMS
RUN
NORMAL RUN MODE
REQUEST
SLOW
WAIT
SLOW WAIT
ACTIVE HALT
AUTO WAKE UP FROM HALT
HALT
Low
POWER CONSUMPTION
37/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
9.3 WAIT MODE
WAIT mode places the MCU in a low power consumption mode by stopping the CPU.
This power saving mode is selected by calling the
‘WFI’ instruction.
All peripherals remain active. During WAIT mode,
the I bit of the CC register is cleared, to enable all
interrupts. All other registers and memory remain
unchanged. The MCU remains in WAIT mode until
an interrupt or RESET occurs, whereupon the Program Counter branches to the starting address of
the interrupt or Reset service routine.
The MCU will remain in WAIT mode until a Reset
or an Interrupt occurs, causing it to wake up.
Refer to Figure 22.
Figure 22. WAIT Mode Flow-chart
WFI INSTRUCTION
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
ON
OFF
0
N
RESET
Y
N
INTERRUPT
Y
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
OFF
ON
0
256 OR 4096 CPU CLOCK
CYCLE DELAY
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
ON
ON
X 1)
FETCH RESET VECTOR
OR SERVICE INTERRUPT
Note:
1. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is
set during the interrupt routine and cleared when
the CC register is popped.
38/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
9.4 HALT MODE
Figure 24. HALT Mode Flow-chart
The HALT mode is the lowest power consumption
mode of the MCU. It is entered by executing the
‘HALT’ instruction when ACTIVE-HALT is disabled
(see section 9.5 on page 40 for more details) and
when the AWUEN bit in the AWUCSR register is
cleared.
The MCU can exit HALT mode on reception of either a specific interrupt (see Table 5, “Interrupt
Mapping,” on page 34) or a RESET. When exiting
HALT mode by means of a RESET or an interrupt,
the oscillator is immediately turned on and the 256
CPU cycle delay is used to stabilize the oscillator.
After the start up delay, the CPU resumes operation by servicing the interrupt or by fetching the reset vector which woke it up (see Figure 24).
When entering HALT mode, the I bit in the CC register is forced to 0 to enable interrupts. Therefore,
if an interrupt is pending, the MCU wakes up immediately.
In HALT mode, the main oscillator is turned off
causing all internal processing to be stopped, including the operation of the on-chip peripherals.
All peripherals are not clocked except the ones
which get their clock supply from another clock
generator (such as an external or auxiliary oscillator).
The compatibility of Watchdog operation with
HALT mode is configured by the “WDGHALT” option bit of the option byte. The HALT instruction
when executed while the Watchdog system is enabled, can generate a Watchdog RESET (see section 15.1 on page 158 for more details).
Figure 23. HALT Timing Overview
RUN
HALT
256 or 4096 CPU
CYCLE DELAY
HALT
INSTRUCTION
[Active Halt disabled]
RUN
RESET
OR
INTERRUPT
FETCH
VECTOR
HALT INSTRUCTION
(Active Halt disabled)
(AWUCSR.AWUEN=0)
ENABLE
WDGHALT 1)
WATCHDOG
DISABLE
0
1
WATCHDOG
RESET
OSCILLATOR
OFF
PERIPHERALS 2) OFF
CPU
OFF
I BIT
0
N
RESET
N
Y
INTERRUPT 3)
Y
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
OFF
ON
X 4)
256 OR 4096 CPU CLOCK
CYCLE DELAY
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
ON
ON
X 4)
FETCH RESET VECTOR
OR SERVICE INTERRUPT
Notes:
1. WDGHALT is an option bit. See option byte section for more details.
2. Peripheral clocked with an external clock source
can still be active.
3. Only some specific interrupts can exit the MCU
from HALT mode (such as external interrupt). Refer to Table 5, “Interrupt Mapping,” on page 34 for
more details.
4. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is
set during the interrupt routine and cleared when
the CC register is popped.
39/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
9.4.0.1 Halt Mode Recommendations
– Make sure that an external event is available to
wake up the microcontroller from Halt mode.
– When using an external interrupt to wake up the
microcontroller, reinitialize the corresponding I/O
as “Input Pull-up with Interrupt” or “floating interrupt” before executing the HALT instruction. The
main reason for this is that the I/O may be wrongly configured due to external interference or by
an unforeseen logical condition.
– For the same reason, reinitialize the level sensitiveness of each external interrupt as a precautionary measure.
– The opcode for the HALT instruction is 0x8E. To
avoid an unexpected HALT instruction due to a
program counter failure, it is advised to clear all
occurrences of the data value 0x8E from memory. For example, avoid defining a constant in program memory with the value 0x8E.
– As the HALT instruction clears the interrupt mask
in the CC register to allow interrupts, the user
may choose to clear all pending interrupt bits before executing the HALT instruction. This avoids
entering other peripheral interrupt routines after
executing the external interrupt routine corresponding to the wake-up event (reset or external
interrupt).
9.5 ACTIVE-HALT MODE
ACTIVE-HALT mode is the lowest power consumption mode of the MCU with a real time clock
(RTC) available. It is entered by executing the
‘HALT’ instruction. The decision to enter either in
ACTIVE-HALT or HALT mode is given by the LTCSR/ATCSR register status as shown in the following table:.
ATCSR
LTCSR1
ATCSR ATCSR
OVFIE1
TB1IE bit
CK1 bit CK0 bit
bit
0
x
x
0
0
0
x
x
1
x
x
x
x
1
0
1
Meaning
ACTIVE-HALT
mode disabled
ACTIVE-HALT
mode enabled
The MCU can exit ACTIVE-HALT mode on reception of a specific interrupt (see Table 5, “Interrupt
Mapping,” on page 34) or a RESET.
– When exiting ACTIVE-HALT mode by means of
a RESET, a 256 CPU cycle delay occurs. After
the start up delay, the CPU resumes operation
by fetching the reset vector which woke it up (see
Figure 26).
– When exiting ACTIVE-HALT mode by means of
an interrupt, the CPU immediately resumes operation by servicing the interrupt vector which woke
it up (see Figure 26).
When entering ACTIVE-HALT mode, the I bit in
the CC register is cleared to enable interrupts.
Therefore, if an interrupt is pending, the MCU
wakes up immediately (see Note 3).
In ACTIVE-HALT mode, only the main oscillator
and the selected timer counter (LT/AT) are running
to keep a wake-up time base. All other peripherals
are not clocked except those which get their clock
supply from another clock generator (such as external or auxiliary oscillator).
Note: As soon as ACTIVE-HALT is enabled, executing a HALT instruction while the Watchdog is
active does not generate a RESET.
This means that the device cannot spend more
than a defined delay in this power saving mode.
40/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
Figure 25. ACTIVE-HALT Timing Overview
RUN
ACTIVE 256 OR 4096 CPU
HALT
CYCLE DELAY 1)
HALT
INSTRUCTION
[Active Halt Enabled]
RESET
OR
INTERRUPT
RUN
FETCH
VECTOR
Figure 26. ACTIVE-HALT Mode Flow-chart
9.6 AUTO WAKE UP FROM HALT MODE
Auto Wake Up From Halt (AWUFH) mode is similar to Halt mode with the additional of an internal
RC oscillator for wake-up. Compared to ACTIVEHALT mode, AWUFH has lower power consumption (the main clock is not kept running), but there
is no accurate realtime clock available.
It is entered by executing the HALT instruction
when the AWUEN bit in the AWUCSR register has
been set.
Figure 27. AWUFH Mode Block Diagram
HALT INSTRUCTION
(Active Halt enabled)
(AWUCSR.AWUEN=0)
OSCILLATOR
ON
PERIPHERALS 2) OFF
CPU
OFF
I BIT
0
N
RESET
INTERRUPT
Y
AWU RC
Oscillator
1
32-KHz
Oscillator
0
to
Auto-Reload Timer
Input Capture
fAWU_RC
Y
N
AWUCK Opt bit
3)
OSCILLATOR
ON
PERIPHERALS 2) OFF
CPU
ON
I BIT
X 4)
256 OR 4096 CPU
CLOCK CYCLE DELAY
OSCILLATOR
PERIPHERALS
CPU
I BIT
ON
ON
ON
X 4)
FETCH RESET VECTOR
OR SERVICE INTERRUPT
Notes:
1. This delay occurs only if the MCU exits ACTIVEHALT mode by means of a RESET.
2. Peripherals clocked with an external clock
source can still be active.
3. Only the RTC1 interrupt and some specific interrupts can exit the MCU from ACTIVE-HALT mode.
Refer to Table 5, “Interrupt Mapping,” on page 34
for more details.
4. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I bit of the CC register is
set during the interrupt routine and cleared when
the CC register is popped.
/64
divider
AWUFH
prescaler/1 .. 255
AWUFH
interrupt
(ei0 source)
As soon as HALT mode is entered, and if the
AWUEN bit has been set in the AWUCSR register,
the AWU RC oscillator provides a clock signal
(fAWU_RC). Its frequency is divided by a fixed divider and a programmable prescaler controlled by the
AWUPR register. The output of this prescaler provides the delay time. When the delay has elapsed
the AWUF flag is set by hardware and an interrupt
wakes-up the MCU from Halt mode. At the same
time the main oscillator is immediately turned on
and a 256 cycle delay is used to stabilize it. After
this start-up delay, the CPU resumes operation by
servicing the AWUFH interrupt. The AWU flag and
its associated interrupt are cleared by software
reading the AWUCSR register.
To compensate for any frequency dispersion of
the AWU RC oscillator, it can be calibrated by
measuring the clock frequency fAWU_RC and then
calculating the right prescaler value. Measurement
mode is enabled by setting the AWUM bit in the
AWUCSR register in Run mode. This connects
fAWU_RC to the input capture of the 12-bit Auto-Relad timer, allowing the fAWU_RC to be measured
using the main oscillator clock as a reference timebase.
41/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
Similarities with Halt mode
The following AWUFH mode behaviour is the
same as normal Halt mode:
– The MCU can exit AWUFH mode by means of
any interrupt with exit from Halt capability or a reset (see Section 9.4 HALT MODE).
– When entering AWUFH mode, the I bit in the CC
register is forced to 0 to enable interrupts. Therefore, if an interrupt is pending, the MCU wakes
up immediately.
– In AWUFH mode, the main oscillator is turned off
causing all internal processing to be stopped, including the operation of the on-chip peripherals.
None of the peripherals are clocked except those
which get their clock supply from another clock
generator (such as an external or auxiliary oscillator like the AWU oscillator).
– The compatibility of Watchdog operation with
AWUFH mode is configured by the WDGHALT
option bit in the option byte. Depending on this
setting, the HALT instruction when executed
while the Watchdog system is enabled, can generate a Watchdog RESET.
Figure 28. AWUF Halt Timing Diagram
tAWU
RUN MODE
HALT MODE
256 OR 4096 tCPU
RUN MODE
fCPU
fAWU_RC
Clear
by software
AWUFH interrupt
42/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
Figure 29. AWUFH Mode Flow-chart
HALT INSTRUCTION
(Active-Halt disabled)
(AWUCSR.AWUEN=1)
ENABLE
WDGHALT 1)
WATCHDOG
0
DISABLE
1
WATCHDOG
RESET
AWU RC OSC
ON
MAIN OSC
OFF
PERIPHERALS 2) OFF
CPU
OFF
I[1:0] BITS
10
Notes:
1. WDGHALT is an option bit. See option byte section for more details.
2. Peripheral clocked with an external clock source
can still be active.
3. Only an AWUFH interrupt and some specific interrupts can exit the MCU from HALT mode (such
as external interrupt). Refer to Table 5, “Interrupt
Mapping,” on page 34 for more details.
4. Before servicing an interrupt, the CC register is
pushed on the stack. The I[1:0] bits of the CC register are set to the current software priority level of
the interrupt routine and recovered when the CC
register is popped.
N
RESET
N
Y
INTERRUPT 3)
Y
AWU RC OSC
OFF
MAIN OSC
ON
PERIPHERALS OFF
CPU
ON
I[1:0] BITS
XX 4)
256 CPU CLOCK
CYCLE DELAY
AWU RC OSC
OFF
MAIN OSC
ON
PERIPHERALS ON
CPU
ON
I[1:0] BITS
XX 4)
FETCH RESET VECTOR
OR SERVICE INTERRUPT
43/167
1
ST7LITE3
POWER SAVING MODES (Cont’d)
9.6.0.1 Register Description
AWUFH PRESCALER REGISTER (AWUPR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 1111 1111 (FFh)
AWUFH CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER
(AWUCSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
7
AWU AWU AWU AWU AWU AWU AWU AWU
PR7 PR6 PR5 PR4 PR3 PR2 PR1 PR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
AWUF AWUM AWUEN
Bits 7:3 = Reserved.
Bit 1= AWUF Auto Wake Up Flag
This bit is set by hardware when the AWU module
generates an interrupt and cleared by software on
reading AWUCSR. Writing to this bit does not
change its value.
0: No AWU interrupt occurred
1: AWU interrupt occurred
Bit 2= AWUM Auto Wake Up Measurement
This bit enables the AWU RC oscillator and connects its output to the input capture of the 12-bit
auto-reload timer. This allows the timer to be used
to measure the AWU RC oscillator dispersion and
then compensate this dispersion by providing the
right value in the AWUPR register.
0: Measurement disabled
1: Measurement enabled
Bit 0 = AWUEN Auto Wake Up From Halt Enabled
This bit enables the Auto Wake Up From Halt feature: once HALT mode is entered, the AWUFH
wakes up the microcontroller after a time delay dependent on the AWU prescaler value. It is set and
cleared by software.
0: AWUFH (Auto Wake Up From Halt) mode disabled
1: AWUFH (Auto Wake Up From Halt) mode enabled
Bits 7:0= AWUPR[7:0] Auto Wake Up Prescaler
These 8 bits define the AWUPR Dividing factor (as
explained below
AWUPR[7:0]
Dividing factor
00h
Forbidden
01h
1
...
...
FEh
254
FFh
255
In AWU mode, the period that the MCU stays in
Halt Mode (tAWU in Figure 28 on page 42) is defined by
t
AWU
1
= 64 × AWUPR × -------------------------- + t
RCSTRT
f
AWURC
This prescaler register can be programmed to
modify the time that the MCU stays in Halt mode
before waking up automatically.
Note: If 00h is written to AWUPR, depending on
the product, an interrupt is generated immediately
after a HALT instruction, or the AWUPR remains
unchanged.
Table 7. AWU Register Map and Reset Values
Address
(Hex.)
0049h
004Ah
44/167
1
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
AWUPR
AWUPR7 AWUPR6 AWUPR5 AWUPR4 AWUPR3 AWUPR2 AWUPR1 AWUPR0
Reset Value
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
AWUCSR
0
0
0
0
0
AWUF
AWUM
AWUEN
Reset Value
ST7LITE3
10 I/O PORTS
10.1 INTRODUCTION
The I/O ports allow data transfer. An I/O port can
contain up to 8 pins. Each pin can be programmed
independently either as a digital input or digital
output. In addition, specific pins may have several
other functions. These functions can include external interrupt, alternate signal input/output for onchip peripherals or analog input.
10.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
A Data Register (DR) and a Data Direction Register (DDR) are always associated with each port.
The Option Register (OR), which allows input/output options, may or may not be implemented. The
following description takes into account the OR
register. Refer to the Port Configuration table for
device specific information.
An I/O pin is programmed using the corresponding
bits in the DDR, DR and OR registers: bit x corresponding to pin x of the port.
Figure 30 shows the generic I/O block diagram.
10.2.1 Input Modes
Clearing the DDRx bit selects input mode. In this
mode, reading its DR bit returns the digital value
from that I/O pin.
If an OR bit is available, different input modes can
be configured by software: floating or pull-up. Refer to I/O Port Implementation section for configuration.
Notes:
1. Writing to the DR modifies the latch value but
does not change the state of the input pin.
2. Do not use read/modify/write instructions
(BSET/BRES) to modify the DR register.
External Interrupt Function
Depending on the device, setting the ORx bit while
in input mode can configure an I/O as an input with
interrupt. In this configuration, a signal edge or level input on the I/O generates an interrupt request
via the corresponding interrupt vector (eix).
Falling or rising edge sensitivity is programmed independently for each interrupt vector. The External Interrupt Control Register (EICR) or the Miscellaneous Register controls this sensitivity, depending on the device.
External interrupts are hardware interrupts. Fetching the corresponding interrupt vector automatically clears the request latch. Modifying the sensitivity
bits will clear any pending interrupts.
10.2.2 Output Modes
Setting the DDRx bit selects output mode. Writing
to the DR bits applies a digital value to the I/O
through the latch. Reading the DR bits returns the
previously stored value.
If an OR bit is available, different output modes
can be selected by software: push-pull or opendrain. Refer to I/O Port Implementation section for
configuration.
DR Value and Output Pin Status
DR
Push-Pull
Open-Drain
0
1
VOL
VOH
VOL
Floating
10.2.3 Alternate Functions
Many ST7s I/Os have one or more alternate functions. These may include output signals from, or
input signals to, on-chip peripherals. The Device
Pin Description table describes which peripheral
signals can be input/output to which ports.
A signal coming from an on-chip peripheral can be
output on an I/O. To do this, enable the on-chip
peripheral as an output (enable bit in the peripheral’s control register). The peripheral configures the
I/O as an output and takes priority over standard I/
O programming. The I/O’s state is readable by addressing the corresponding I/O data register.
Configuring an I/O as floating enables alternate
function input. It is not recommended to configure
an I/O as pull-up as this will increase current consumption. Before using an I/O as an alternate input, configure it without interrupt. Otherwise spurious interrupts can occur.
Configure an I/O as input floating for an on-chip
peripheral signal which can be input and output.
Caution:
I/Os which can be configured as both an analog
and digital alternate function need special attention. The user must control the peripherals so that
the signals do not arrive at the same time on the
same pin. If an external clock is used, only the
clock alternate function should be employed on
that I/O pin and not the other alternate function.
45/167
1
ST7LITE3
I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
Figure 30. I/O Port General Block Diagram
ALTERNATE
OUTPUT
REGISTER
ACCESS
From on-chip peripheral
1
VDD
0
P-BUFFER
(see table below)
ALTERNATE
ENABLE
BIT
PULL-UP
(see table below)
DR
VDD
DDR
PULL-UP
CONDITION
DATA BUS
OR
PAD
If implemented
OR SEL
N-BUFFER
DIODES
(see table below)
DDR SEL
DR SEL
ANALOG
INPUT
CMOS
SCHMITT
TRIGGER
1
0
EXTERNAL
INTERRUPT
REQUEST (eix)
ALTERNATE
INPUT
Combinational
Logic
SENSITIVITY
SELECTION
To on-chip peripheral
FROM
OTHER
BITS Note: Refer to the Port Configuration
table for device specific information.
Table 8. I/O Port Mode Options
Configuration Mode
Input
Output
Pull-Up
P-Buffer
Off
On
Off
Floating with/without Interrupt
Pull-up with/without Interrupt
Push-pull
Open Drain (logic level)
True Open Drain
Legend: NI - not implemented
Off - implemented not activated
On - implemented and activated
Note 1: The diode to VDD is not implemented in the
true open drain pads. A local protection between
46/167
1
Off
NI
On
Off
NI
Diodes
to VDD
On
to VSS
On
NI (see note 1)
the pad and VOL is implemented to protect the device against positive stress.
Note 2: For further details on port configuration,
please refer to Table 10 and Table 11 on page 49.
ST7LITE3
I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
Table 9. I/O Configurations
Hardware Configuration
VDD
RPU
DR REGISTER ACCESS
NOTE 3
PULL-UP
CONDITION
DR
REGISTER
PAD
W
DATA BUS
INPUT 1)
R
ALTERNATE INPUT
To on-chip peripheral
FROM
OTHER
PINS
EXTERNAL INTERRUPT
SOURCE (eix)
INTERRUPT COMBINATIONAL POLARITY
LOGIC SELECTION
CONDITION
PUSH-PULL OUTPUT 2)
OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUT 2)
ANALOG INPUT
VDD
NOTE 3
DR REGISTER ACCESS
RPU
PAD
DR
REGISTER
VDD
R/W
DATA BUS
DR REGISTER ACCESS
NOTE 3
RPU
PAD
DR
REGISTER
ALTERNATE
ENABLE
BIT
R/W
DATA BUS
ALTERNATE
OUTPUT
From on-chip peripheral
Notes:
1. When the I/O port is in input configuration and the associated alternate function is enabled as an output,
reading the DR register will read the alternate function output status.
2. When the I/O port is in output configuration and the associated alternate function is enabled as an input,
the alternate function reads the pin status given by the DR register content.
3. For true open drain, these elements are not implemented.
47/167
1
ST7LITE3
I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
Analog alternate function
Configure the I/O as floating input to use an ADC
input. The analog multiplexer (controlled by the
ADC registers) switches the analog voltage
present on the selected pin to the common analog
rail, connected to the ADC input.
Analog Recommendations
Do not change the voltage level or loading on any
I/O while conversion is in progress. Do not have
clocking pins located close to a selected analog
pin.
WARNING: The analog input voltage level must
be within the limits stated in the absolute maximum ratings.
10.3 I/O PORT IMPLEMENTATION
The hardware implementation on each I/O port depends on the settings in the DDR and OR registers
and specific I/O port features such as ADC input or
open drain.
Switching these I/O ports from one state to another should be done in a sequence that prevents unwanted side effects. Recommended safe transitions are illustrated in Figure 31. Other transitions
are potentially risky and should be avoided, since
they may present unwanted side-effects such as
spurious interrupt generation.
Figure 31. Interrupt I/O Port State Transitions
01
00
10
11
INPUT
floating/pull-up
interrupt
INPUT
floating
(reset state)
OUTPUT
open-drain
OUTPUT
push-pull
XX
48/167
1
= DDR, OR
10.4 UNUSED I/O PINS
Unused I/O pins must be connected to fixed voltage levels. Refer to Section 13.8.
10.5 LOW POWER MODES
Mode
WAIT
HALT
Description
No effect on I/O ports. External interrupts
cause the device to exit from WAIT mode.
No effect on I/O ports. External interrupts
cause the device to exit from HALT mode.
10.6 INTERRUPTS
The external interrupt event generates an interrupt
if the corresponding configuration is selected with
DDR and OR registers and if the I bit in the CC
register is cleared (RIM instruction).
Interrupt Event
External interrupt on
selected external
event
Enable
Event
Control
Flag
Bit
-
DDRx
ORx
Exit
from
Wait
Exit
from
Halt
Yes
Yes
Related Documentation
AN 970: SPI Communication between ST7 and
EEPROM
AN1045: S/W implementation of I2C bus master
AN1048: Software LCD driver
ST7LITE3
I/O PORTS (Cont’d)
The I/O port register configurations are summarised as follows.
Standard Ports
MODE
floating input
pull-up interrupt input
PA7:0, PB6:0
MODE
floating input
pull-up input
open drain output
push-pull output
DDR
0
0
1
1
Interrupt Ports
Ports where the external interrupt capability is
selected using the EISR register
OR
0
1
0
1
DDR
0
0
OR
0
1
Table 10. Port Configuration (Standard ports)
Port
Input (DDR=0)
OR = 0
OR = 1
Pin name
Port A
PA7:0
floating
Port B
PB6:0
floating
Output (DDR=1)
OR = 0
OR = 1
pull-up
pull-up
open drain
push-pull
open drain
push-pull
Note: On ports where the external interrupt capability is selected using the EISR register, the configuration will be as follows:
Table 11. Port Configuration (external interrupts)
Port
Port A
Port B
Input with interrupt (DDR=0 ; EISR≠00)
OR = 0
OR = 1
Pin name
PA6:1
PB5:0
floating
floating
pull-up
pull-up
Table 12. I/O Port Register Map and Reset Values
Address
(Hex.)
0000h
0001h
0002h
0003h
0004h
0005h
Register
Label
PADR
Reset Value
PADDR
Reset Value
PAOR
Reset Value
PBDR
Reset Value
PBDDR
Reset Value
PBOR
Reset Value
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
MSB
1
LSB
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
MSB
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
LSB
MSB
0
0
LSB
MSB
0
0
LSB
MSB
1
1
LSB
MSB
0
0
0
LSB
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
49/167
1
ST7LITE3
11 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS
11.1 WATCHDOG TIMER (WDG)
11.1.1 Introduction
The Watchdog timer is used to detect the occurrence of a software fault, usually generated by external interference or by unforeseen logical conditions, which causes the application program to
abandon its normal sequence. The Watchdog circuit generates an MCU reset on expiry of a programmed time period, unless the program refreshes the counter’s contents before the T6 bit becomes cleared.
11.1.2 Main Features
■ Programmable free-running downcounter (64
increments of 16000 CPU cycles)
■ Programmable reset
■ Reset (if watchdog activated) when the T6 bit
reaches zero
■
■
Optional
reset
on
HALT
instruction
(configurable by option byte)
Hardware Watchdog selectable by option byte
11.1.3 Functional Description
The counter value stored in the CR register (bits
T[6:0]), is decremented every 16000 machine cycles, and the length of the timeout period can be
programmed by the user in 64 increments.
If the watchdog is activated (the WDGA bit is set)
and when the 7-bit timer (bits T[6:0]) rolls over
from 40h to 3Fh (T6 becomes cleared), it initiates
a reset cycle pulling low the reset pin for typically
30µs.
Figure 32. Watchdog Block Diagram
RESET
WATCHDOG CONTROL REGISTER (CR)
WDGA
T6
T5
T4
T3
T2
7-BIT DOWNCOUNTER
fCPU
50/167
1
CLOCK DIVIDER
÷16000
T1
T0
ST7LITE3
WATCHDOG TIMER (Cont’d)
The application program must write in the CR register at regular intervals during normal operation to
prevent an MCU reset. This downcounter is freerunning: it counts down even if the watchdog is
disabled. The value to be stored in the CR register
must be between FFh and C0h (see Table 13
.Watchdog Timing):
– The WDGA bit is set (watchdog enabled)
– The T6 bit is set to prevent generating an immediate reset
– The T[5:0] bits contain the number of increments
which represents the time delay before the
watchdog produces a reset.
Following a reset, the watchdog is disabled. Once
activated it cannot be disabled, except by a reset.
The T6 bit can be used to generate a software reset (the WDGA bit is set and the T6 bit is cleared).
If the watchdog is activated, the HALT instruction
will generate a Reset.
Table 13.Watchdog Timing
Notes: The timing variation shown in Table 13 is
due to the unknown status of the prescaler when
writing to the CR register.
fCPU = 8MHz
WDG
Counter
Code
min
[ms]
max
[ms]
C0h
1
2
FFh
127
128
11.1.4 Hardware Watchdog Option
If Hardware Watchdog is selected by option byte,
the watchdog is always active and the WDGA bit in
the CR is not used.
Refer to the Option Byte description in section
15.1 on page 158.
11.1.4.1 Using Halt Mode with the WDG
(WDGHALT option)
If Halt mode with Watchdog is enabled by option
byte (No watchdog reset on HALT instruction), it is
recommended before executing the HALT instruction to refresh the WDG counter, to avoid an unexpected WDG reset immediately after waking up
the microcontroller.
51/167
1
ST7LITE3
WATCHDOG TIMER (Cont’d)
11.1.5 Interrupts
None.
Bit 6:0 = T[6:0] 7-bit timer (MSB to LSB).
These bits contain the decremented value. A reset
is produced when it rolls over from 40h to 3Fh (T6
becomes cleared).
11.1.6 Register Description
CONTROL REGISTER (CR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0111 1111 (7F h)
7
WDGA
0
T6
T5
T4
T3
T2
T1
T0
Bit 7 = WDGA Activation bit.
This bit is set by software and only cleared by
hardware after a reset. When WDGA = 1, the
watchdog can generate a reset.
0: Watchdog disabled
1: Watchdog enabled
Note: This bit is not used if the hardware watchdog option is enabled by option byte.
52/167
1
ST7LITE3
WATCHDOG TIMER (Cont’d)
Table 14. Watchdog Timer Register Map and Reset Values
Address
(Hex.)
002Eh
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WDGCR
Reset Value
WDGA
0
T6
1
T5
1
T4
1
T3
1
T2
1
T1
1
T0
1
53/167
1
ST7LITE3
11.2 DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (AT3)
11.2.1 Introduction
■
The 12-bit Autoreload Timer can be used for general-purpose timing functions. It is based on one or
two free-running 12-bit upcounters with an input
capture register and four PWM output channels.
There are 6 external pins:
– Four PWM outputs
– ATIC/LTIC pin for the Input Capture function
– BREAK pin for forcing a break condition on the
PWM outputs
11.2.2 Main Features
■ Single Timer or Dual Timer mode with two 12-bit
upcounters (CNTR1/CNTR2) and two 12-bit
autoreload registers (ATR1/ATR2)
■ Maskable overflow interrupts
■
■
■
■
PWM mode
– Generation of four independent PWMx signals
– Dead time generation for Half bridge driving
mode with programmable dead time
– Frequency 2KHz-4MHz (@ 8 MHz fCPU)
– Programmable duty-cycles
– Polarity control
– Programmable output modes
Output Compare Mode
Input Capture Mode
– 12-bit input capture register (ATICR)
– Triggered by rising and falling edges
– Maskable IC interrupt
– Long range input capture
Break control
Flexible Clock control
Figure 33. Single Timer Mode (ENCNTR2=0)
ATIC
Edge Detection Circuit
12-bit Input Capture
Output Compare
PWM0 Duty Cycle Generator
PWM1 Duty Cycle Generator
Clock
Control
12-Bit Upcounter 1
PWM3 Duty Cycle Generator
fCPU
1ms from Lite Timer
1
OE1
DTE bit
PWM2 Duty Cycle Generator
54/167
OE0
Dead Time
Generator
OE2
PWM0
Break Function
12-Bit Autoreload Register 1
CMP
Interrupt
PWM2
OE3
PWM3
BPEN bit
OVF1 Interrupt
PWM1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Figure 34. Dual Timer Mode (ENCNTR2=1)
ATIC
Edge Detection Circuit
12-bit Input Capture
Output Compare
12-Bit Autoreload Register 1
PWM1 Duty Cycle Generator
OVF1 interrupt
OVF2 interrupt
Clock
Control
12-Bit Upcounter 2
PWM2 Duty Cycle Generator
fCPU
1ms
PWM3 Duty Cycle Generator
OE0
Dead Time
Generator
OE1
DTE bit
OE2
PWM0
Break Function
12-Bit Upcounter 1
PWM0 Duty Cycle Generator
CMP
Interrupt
OE3
PWM1
PWM2
PWM3
12-Bit Autoreload Register 2
BPEN bit
55/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
11.2.3 Functional Description
11.2.3.1 PWM Mode
This mode allows up to four Pulse Width Modulated signals to be generated on the PWMx output
pins.
PWM Frequency
The four PWM signals can have the same frequency (fPWM) or can have two different frequencies. This is selected by the ENCNTR2 bit which
enables single timer or dual timer mode (see Figure 33 and Figure 34).
The frequency is controlled by the counter period
and the ATR register value. In dual timer mode,
PWM2 and PWM3 can be generated with a different frequency controlled by CNTR2 and ATR2.
fPWM = fCOUNTER / (4096 - ATR)
Following the above formula,
– If fCOUNTER is 4 Mhz, the maximum value of fPWM
is 2 MHz (ATR register value = 4094),the minimum value is 1 KHz (ATR register value = 0).
Duty Cycle
The duty cycle is selected by programming the
DCRx registers. These are preload registers. The
DCRx values are transferred in Active duty cycle
registers after an overflow event if the corresponding transfer bit (TRANx bit) is set.
The TRAN1 bit controls the PWMx outputs driven
by counter 1 and the TRAN2 bit controls the
PWMx outputs driven by counter 2.
PWM generation and output compare are done by
comparing these active DCRx values with the
counter.
The maximum available resolution for the PWMx
duty cycle is:
Resolution = 1 / (4096 - ATR)
where ATR is equal to 0. With this maximum resolution, 0% and 100% duty cycle can be obtained
by changing the polarity.
At reset, the counter starts counting from 0.
When a upcounter overflow occurs (OVF event),
the preloaded Duty cycle values are transferred to
56/167
1
the active Duty Cycle registers and the PWMx signals are set to a high level. When the upcounter
matches the active DCRx value the PWMx signals
are set to a low level. To obtain a signal on a
PWMx pin, the contents of the corresponding active DCRx register must be greater than the contents of the ATR register.
The maximum value of ATR is 4094 because it
must be lower than the DCR value which must be
4095 in this case.
Polarity Inversion
The polarity bits can be used to invert any of the
four output signals. The inversion is synchronized
with the counter overflow if the corresponding
transfer bit in the ATCSR2 register is set (reset
value). See Figure 35.
Figure 35. PWM Polarity Inversion
inverter
PWMx
PWMx
PIN
PWMxCSR Register
OPx
TRANx
DFF
ATCSR2 Register
counter
overflow
The Data Flip Flop (DFF) applies the polarity inversion when triggered by the counter overflow input.
Output Control
The PWMx output signals can be enabled or disabled using the OEx bits in the PWMCR register.
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Figure 36. PWM Function
COUNTER
4095
DUTY CYCLE
REGISTER
(DCRx)
AUTO-RELOAD
REGISTER
(ATR)
PWMx OUTPUT
000
t
WITH OE=1
AND OPx=0
WITH OE=1
AND OPx=1
Figure 37. PWM Signal from 0% to 100% Duty Cycle
fCOUNTER
ATR= FFDh
PWMx OUTPUT
WITH MOD00=1
AND OPx=1
PWMx OUTPUT
WITH MOD00=1
AND OPx=0
COUNTER
FFDh
FFEh
FFFh
FFDh
FFEh
FFFh
FFDh
FFEh
DCRx=000h
DCRx=FFDh
DCRx=FFEh
DCRx=000h
t
57/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Dead Time Generation
A dead time can be inserted between PWM0 and
PWM1 using the DTGR register. This is required
for half-bridge driving where PWM signals must
not be overlapped. The non-overlapping PWM0/
PWM1 signals are generated through a programmable dead time by setting the DTE bit.
Dead time value = DT[6:0] x Tcounter1
DTGR[7:0] is buffered inside so as to avoid deforming the current PWM cycle. The DTGR effect
will take place only after an overflow.
Notes:
1. Dead time is generated only when DTE=1 and
DT[6:0] ≠ 0. If DTE is set and DT[6:0]=0, PWM output signals will be at their reset state.
2. Half Bridge driving is possible only if polarities of
PWM0 and PWM1 are not inverted, i.e. if OP0 and
OP1 are not set. If polarity is inverted, overlapping
PWM0/PWM1 signals will be generated.
Figure 38. Dead Time Generation
Tcounter1
CK_CNTR1
CNTR1
DCR0
DCR0+1
OVF
ATR1
if DTE = 0
counter = DCR0
PWM 0
counter = DCR1
PWM 1
if DTE = 1
Tdt
PWM 0
Tdt
PWM 1
Tdt = DT[6:0] x Tcounter1
In the above example, when the DTE bit is set:
– PWM goes low at DCR0 match and goes high at
ATR1+Tdt
– PWM1 goes high at DCR0+Tdt and goes low at
ATR match.
58/167
1
With this programmable delay (Tdt), the PWM0
and PWM1 signals which are generated are not
overlapped.
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Break Function
The break function can be used to perform an
emergency shutdown of the application being driven by the PWM signals.
The break function is activated by the external
BREAK pin (active low). In order to use the
BREAK pin it must be previously enabled by software setting the BPEN bit in the BREAKCR register.
When a low level is detected on the BREAK pin,
the BA bit is set and the break function is activated. In this case, the 4 PWM signals are stopped.
Software can set the BA bit to activate the break
function without using the BREAK pin.
When the break function is activated (BA bit =1):
– The break pattern (PWM[3:0] bits in the BREAKCR) is forced directly on the PWMx output pins
(after the inverter).
– The 12-bit PWM counter CNTR1 is put to its reset value, i.e. 00h.
– The 12-bit PWM counter CNTR2 is put to its reset value,i.e. 00h.
– ATR1, ATR2, Preload and Active DCRx are put
to their reset values.
– The PWMCR register is reset.
– Counters stop counting.
When the break function is deactivated after applying the break (BA bit goes from 1 to 0 by software):
– The control of the 4 PWM outputs is transferred
to the port registers.
Figure 39. Block Diagram of Break Function
BREAK pin (Active Low)
BREAKCR Register
BA
BPEN
PWM3 PWM2 PWM1 PWM0
1
PWM0
PWM1
PWM2
PWM0
PWM1
PWM3
PWM2
0
PWM3
(Inverters)
Note:
The BREAK pin value is latched by the BA bit.
When BA is set:
PWM counter -> Reset value
ATRx & DCRx -> Reset value
PWM Mode -> Reset value
59/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
11.2.3.2 Output Compare Mode
To use this function, load a 12-bit value in the
Preload DCRxH and DCRxL registers.
When the 12-bit upcounter (CNTR1) reaches the
value stored in the Active DCRxH and DCRxL registers, the CMPFx bit in the PWMxCSR register is
set and an interrupt request is generated if the
CMPIE bit is set.
The output compare function is always performed
on CNTR1 in both Single Timer mode and Dual
Timer mode, and never on CNTR2. The difference
is that in Single Timer mode the counter 1 can be
compared with any of the four DCR registers, and
in Dual Timer mode, counter 1 is compared with
DCR0 or DCR1.
Notes:
1. The output compare function is only available
for DCRx values other than 0 (reset value).
2. Duty cycle registers are buffered internally. The
CPU writes in Preload Duty Cycle Registers and
these values are transferred in Active Duty Cycle
Registers after an overflow event if the corresponding transfer bit (TRAN1 bit) is set. Output
compare is done by comparing these active DCRx
values with the counter.
Figure 40. Block Diagram of Output Compare Mode (single timer)
DCRx
PRELOAD DUTY CYCLE REGx
(ATCSR2) TRAN1
(ATCSR) OVF
ACTIVE DUTY CYCLE REGx
OUTPUT COMPARE CIRCUIT
CNTR1
COUNTER 1
CMP
INTERRUPT REQUEST
CMPFx (PWMxCSR)
CMPIE (ATCSR)
60/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
11.2.3.3 Input Capture Mode
The 12-bit ATICR register is used to latch the value of the 12-bit free running upcounter CNTR1 after a rising or falling edge is detected on the ATIC
pin. When an input capture occurs, the ICF bit is
set and the ATICR register contains the value of
the free running upcounter. An IC interrupt is generated if the ICIE bit is set. The ICF bit is reset by
reading the ATICRH/ATICRL register when the
ICF bit is set. The ATICR is a read only register
and always contains the free running upcounter
value which corresponds to the most recent input
capture. Any further input capture is inhibited while
the ICF bit is set.
Figure 41. Block Diagram of Input Capture Mode
ATIC
12-BIT INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER
ATICR
IC INTERRUPT
REQUEST
ATCSR
ICF
ICIE
CK1
fLTIMER
(1 ms
timebase
@ 8MHz)
CK0
12-BIT UPCOUNTER1
fCPU
CNTR1
OFF
ATR1
12-BIT AUTORELOAD REGISTER
Figure 42. Input Capture timing diagram
fCOUNTER
COUNTER1
01h
02h
03h
04h
05h
06h
07h
08h
09h
0Ah
ATIC PIN
INTERRUPT
ATICR READ
INTERRUPT
ICF FLAG
xxh
04h
09h
t
61/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Long input capture
Pulses that last between 8µs and 2s can be measured with an accuracy of 4µs if fOSC = 8MHz in the
following conditions:
– The 12-bit AT3 Timer is clocked by the Lite Timer
(RTC pulse: CK[1:0] = 01 in the ATCSR register)
– The ICS bit in the ATCSR2 register is set so that
the LTIC pin is used to trigger the AT3 Timer capture.
■
– The signal to be captured is connected to LTIC
pin
– Input Capture registers LTICR, ATICRH and
ATICRL are read
This configuration allows to cascade the Lite Timer
and the 12-bit AT3 Timer to get a 20-bit input capture value. Refer to Figure 43.
Figure 43. Long Range Input Capture Block Diagram
LTICR
8-bit Input Capture Register
fOSC/32
8 LSB bits
8-bit Timebase Counter1
LITE TIMER
12-Bit ARTIMER
ATR1
20
cascaded
bits
12-bit AutoReload Register
fLTIMER
ICS
12-bit Upcounter1
OFF
LTIC
1
ATIC
fcpu
CNTR1
0
ATICR
12-bit Input Capture Register
Notes:
1. Since the input capture flags (ICF) for both timers (AT3 Timer and LT Timer) are set when signal
transition occurs, software must mask one interrupt by clearing the corresponding ICIE bit before
setting the ICS bit.
2. If the ICS bit changes (from 0 to 1 or from 1 to
0), a spurious transition might occur on the input
capture signal because of different values on LTIC
and ATIC. To avoid this situation, it is recommended to do as follows:
– First, reset both ICIE bits.
– Then set the ICS bit.
– Reset both ICF bits.
62/167
1
12 MSB bits
– And then set the ICIE bit of desired interrupt.
3. How to compute a pulse length with long input
capture feature.
As both timers are used, computing a pulse length
is not straight-forward. The procedure is as follows:
– At the first input capture on the rising edge of the
pulse, we assume that values in the registers are
as follows:
LTICR = LT1
ATICRH = ATH1
ATICRL = ATL1
Hence ATICR1 [11:0] = ATH1 & ATL1
Refer to Figure 44 on page 63.
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
– At the second input capture on the falling edge of
the pulse, we assume that the values in the registers are as follows:
LTICR = LT2
ATICRH = ATH2
ATICRL = ATL2
Hence ATICR2 [11:0] = ATH2 & ATL2
Now pulse width P between first capture and second capture will be:
P = decimal (F9 – LT1 + LT2 + 1) * 0.004ms + decimal (ATICR2 - ATICR1 – 1) * 1ms
Figure 44. Long Range Input Capture Timing Diagram
fOSC/32
TB Counter1
CNTR1
F9h
00h
___
LT1
F9h
00h
___
___
___
ATH1 & ATL1
___
LT2
___
___
ATH2 & ATL2
LTIC
LTICR
00h
LT1
LT2
ATICRH
0h
ATH1
ATH2
ATICRL
00h
ATL1
ATL2
ATICR = ATICRH[3:0] & ATICRL[7:0]
11.2.4 Low Power Modes
Mode
SLOW
WAIT
ACTIVEHALT
HALT
Description
The input frequency is divided by 32
No effect on AT timer
AT timer halted except if CK0=1,
CK1=0 and OVFIE=1
AT timer halted.
63/167
1
ST7LITE3
11.2.5 Interrupts
Interrupt
Event 1)
Enable Exit
Event
Control from
Flag
Bit
WAIT
Overflow
OVF1 OVIE1
Event
AT3 IC
ICF
ICIE
Event
CMP Event CMPFx CMPIE
Exit
Exit
from
from
ACTIVE
HALT
-HALT
Yes
No
Yes2)
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
No
Note 1: The CMP and AT3 IC events are connected to the same interrupt vector.
The OVF event is mapped on a separate vector
(see Interrupts chapter).
They generate an interrupt if the enable bit is set in
64/167
1
the ATCSR register and the interrupt mask in the
CC register is reset (RIM instruction).
Note 2: Only if CK0=1 and CK1=0 (fCOUNTER =
fLTIMER)
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
11.2.6 Register Description
TIMER CONTROL STATUS REGISTER
(ATCSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0x00 0000 (x0h)
7
6
0
ICF
0
ICIE
CK1
CK0
OVF1 OVFIE1 CMPIE
Bit 7 = Reserved.
Bit 6 = ICF Input Capture Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
by reading the ATICR register (a read access to
ATICRH or ATICRL will clear this flag). Writing to
this bit does not change the bit value.
0: No input capture
1: An input capture has occurred
Bit 1 = OVFIE1 Overflow Interrupt Enable.
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset.
0: Overflow interrupt disabled.
1: Overflow interrupt enabled.
Bit 0 = CMPIE Compare Interrupt Enable.
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset. It can be used to mask the
interrupt generated when any of the CMPFx bit is
set.
0: Output compare interrupt disabled.
1: Output Compare interrupt enabled.
COUNTER REGISTER 1 HIGH (CNTR1H)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (000h)
15
0
Bit 5 = ICIE IC Interrupt Enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Input capture interrupt disabled
1: Input capture interrupt enabled
8
0
0
0
CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_
11
10
9
8
COUNTER REGISTER 1 LOW (CNTR1L)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (000h)
Bits 4:3 = CK[1:0] Counter Clock Selection.
These bits are set and cleared by software and
cleared by hardware after a reset. They select the
clock frequency of the counter.
Counter Clock Selection
CK1
CK0
OFF
0
0
OFF
1
1
fLTIMER (1 ms timebase @ 8 MHz)
0
1
fCPU
1
0
Bit 2 = OVF1 Overflow Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
by reading the TCSR register. It indicates the transition of the counter1 CNTR1 from FFh to ATR1
value.
0: No counter overflow occurred
1: Counter overflow occurred
7
0
CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_ CNTR1_
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Bits 15:12 = Reserved.
Bits 11:0 = CNTR1[11:0] Counter Value.
This 12-bit register is read by software and cleared
by hardware after a reset. The counter CNTR1 is
incremented continuously as soon as a counter
clock is selected. To obtain the 12-bit CNTR1 value, software should read the counter value in two
consecutive read operations, LSB first. When a
counter overflow occurs, the counter restarts from
the value specified in the ATR1 register.
65/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
AUTORELOAD REGISTER (ATR1H)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
PWMx CONTROL STATUS REGISTER
(PWMxCSR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
15
0
8
0
0
0
ATR11 ATR10 ATR9
AUTORELOAD REGISTER (ATR1L)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
0
ATR6
ATR5
ATR4
ATR3
ATR2
ATR1
ATR0
Bits 11:0 = ATR1[11:0] Autoreload Register 1.
This is a 12-bit register which is written by software. The ATR1 register value is automatically
loaded into the upcounter CNTR1 when an overflow occurs. The register value is used to set the
PWM frequency.
PWM OUTPUT CONTROL REGISTER
(PWMCR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
0
OE3
0
OE2
0
OE1
0
OE0
Bits 7:0 = OE[3:0] PWMx output enable.
These bits are set and cleared by software and
cleared by hardware after a reset.
0: PWM mode disabled. PWMx Output Alternate
Function disabled (I/O pin free for general purpose I/O)
1: PWM mode enabled
66/167
1
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
OPx
CMPFx
Bits 7:2= Reserved, must be kept cleared.
7
ATR7
7
ATR8
Bit 1 = OPx PWMx Output Polarity.
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset. This bit selects the polarity
of the PWM signal.
0: The PWM signal is not inverted.
1: The PWM signal is inverted.
Bit 0 = CMPFx PWMx Compare Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
by reading the PWMxCSR register. It indicates
that the upcounter value matches the Active DCRx
register value.
0: Upcounter value does not match DCRx value.
1: Upcounter value matches DCRx value.
BREAK CONTROL REGISTER (BREAKCR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
0
0
BA
BPEN
PWM3
PWM2
PWM1
PWM0
Bits 7:6 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 5 = BA Break Active.
This bit is read/write by software, cleared by hardware after reset and set by hardware when the
BREAK pin is low. It activates/deactivates the
Break function.
0: Break not active
1: Break active
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Bit 4 = BPEN Break Pin Enable.
This bit is read/write by software and cleared by
hardware after Reset.
0: Break pin disabled
1: Break pin enabled
Bit 3:0 = PWM[3:0] Break Pattern.
These bits are read/write by software and cleared
by hardware after a reset. They are used to force
the four PWMx output signals into a stable state
when the Break function is active.
PWMx DUTY CYCLE REGISTER HIGH (DCRxH)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
15
INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER HIGH (ATICRH)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
15
0
8
0
0
0
ICR11 ICR10
ICR9
ICR8
INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER LOW (ATICRL)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
ICR7
0
ICR6
ICR5
ICR4
ICR3
ICR2
ICR1
ICR0
8
Bits 15:12 = Reserved.
0
0
0
0
DCR11 DCR10 DCR9 DCR8
PWMx DUTY CYCLE REGISTER LOW (DCRxL)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
DCR7 DCR6 DCR5 DCR4 DCR3
Bits 11:0 = ICR[11:0] Input Capture Data.
This is a 12-bit register which is readable by software and cleared by hardware after a reset. The
ATICR register contains captured the value of the
12-bit CNTR1 register when a rising or falling edge
occurs on the ATIC or LTIC pin (depending on
ICS). Capture will only be performed when the ICF
flag is cleared.
0
DCR2
DCR1 DCR0
Bits 15:12 = Reserved.
Bits 11:0 = DCRx[11:0] PWMx Duty Cycle Value
This 12-bit value is written by software. It defines
the duty cycle of the corresponding PWM output
signal (see Figure 36).
In PWM mode (OEx=1 in the PWMCR register)
the DCR[11:0] bits define the duty cycle of the
PWMx output signal (see Figure 36). In Output
Compare mode, they define the value to be compared with the 12-bit upcounter value.
TIMER CONTROL REGISTER2 (ATCSR2)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0011 (03h)
7
0
0
0
ICS
OVFIE2 OVF2
ENCNT
TRAN2 TRAN1
R2
Bits 7:6 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 5 = ICS Input Capture Shorted
This bit is read/write by software. It allows the ATtimer CNTR1 to use the LTIC pin for long input
capture.
0 : ATIC for CNTR1 input capture
1 : LTIC for CNTR1 input capture
67/167
1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Bit 4 = OVFIE2 Overflow interrupt 2 enable
This bit is read/write by software and controls the
overflow interrupt of counter2.
0: Overflow interrupt disabled.
1: Overflow interrupt enabled.
Bit 3 = OVF2 Overflow Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
by reading the ATCSR2 register. It indicates the
transition of the counter2 from FFFh to ATR2 value.
0: No counter overflow occurred
1: Counter overflow occurred
AUTORELOAD REGISTER2 (ATR2H)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
15
0
8
0
0
0
ATR11 ATR10 ATR9
AUTORELOAD REGISTER (ATR2L)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
Bit 2 = ENCNTR2 Enable counter2
This bit is read/write be software and switches the
second counter CNTR2. If this bit is set, PWM2
and PWM3 will be generated using CNTR2.
0: CNTR2 stopped.
1: CNTR2 starts running.
Bit 1= TRAN2 Transfer enable2
This bit is read/write by software, cleared by hardware after each completed transfer and set by
hardware after reset. It controls the transfers on
CNTR2.
It allows the value of the Preload DCRx registers
to be transferred to the Active DCRx registers after
the next overflow event.
The OPx bits are transferred to the shadow OPx
bits in the same way.
(Only DCR2/DCR3 can be controlled with this bit)
Bit 0 = TRAN1 Transfer enable 1
This bit is read/write by software, cleared by hardware after each completed transfer and set by
hardware after reset. It controls the transfers on
CNTR1. It allows the value of the Preload DCRx
registers to be transferred to the Active DCRx registers after the next overflow event.
The OPx bits are transferred to the shadow OPx
bits in the same way.
68/167
1
ATR8
ATR7
0
ATR6
ATR5
ATR4
ATR3
ATR2
ATR1
ATR0
Bits 11:0 = ATR2[11:0] Autoreload Register 2.
This is a 12-bit register which is written by software. The ATR2 register value is automatically
loaded into the upcounter CNTR2 when an overflow of CNTR2 occurs. The register value is used
to set the PWM2/PWM3 frequency when
ENCNTR2 is set.
DEAD TIME GENERATOR REGISTER (DTGR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
DTE
0
DT6
DT5
DT4
DT3
DT2
DT1
DT0
Bits 7 = DTE Dead Time Enable
This bit is read/write by software. It enables a dead
time generation on PWM0/PWM1.
0: No Dead time insertion.
1: Dead time insertion enabled.
Bit 6:0 = DT[6:0] Dead Time Value
These bits are read/write by software. They define
the dead time inserted between PWM0/PWM1.
Dead time is calculated as follows:
Dead Time = DT[6:0] x Tcounter1
ST7LITE3
DUAL 12-BIT AUTORELOAD TIMER 3 (Cont’d)
Table 15. Register Map and Reset Values
Address
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0D
ATCSR
Reset Value
0
ICF
0
ICIE
0
CK1
0
CK0
0
OVF1
0
OVFIE1
0
CMPIE
0
0E
CNTR1H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0F
CNTR1L
CNTR1_7 CNTR1_6 CNTR1_5 CNTR1_4 CNTR1_3
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
10
ATR1H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
ATR11
0
ATR10
0
ATR9
0
ATR8
0
11
ATR1L
Reset Value
ATR7
0
ATR6
0
ATR5
0
ATR4
0
ATR3
0
ATR2
0
ATR1
0
ATR0
0
12
PWMCR
Reset Value
0
OE3
0
0
OE2
0
0
OE1
0
0
OE0
0
13
PWM0CSR
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
OP0
0
CMPF0
0
14
PWM1CSR
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
OP1
0
CMPF1
0
15
PWM2CSR
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
OP2
0
CMPF2
0
16
PWM3CSR
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
OP3
0
CMPF3
0
17
DCR0H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
DCR11
0
DCR10
0
DCR9
0
DCR8
0
18
DCR0L
Reset Value
DCR7
0
DCR6
0
DCR5
0
DCR4
0
DCR3
0
DCR2
0
DCR1
0
DCR0
0
19
DCR1H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
DCR11
0
DCR10
0
DCR9
0
DCR8
0
1A
DCR1L
Reset Value
DCR7
0
DCR6
0
DCR5
0
DCR4
0
DCR3
0
DCR2
0
DCR1
0
DCR0
0
1B
DCR2H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
DCR11
0
DCR10
0
DCR9
0
DCR8
0
1C
DCR2L
Reset Value
DCR7
0
DCR6
0
DCR5
0
DCR4
0
DCR3
0
DCR2
0
DCR1
0
DCR0
0
1D
DCR3H
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
DCR11
0
DCR10
0
DCR9
0
DCR8
0
1E
DCR3L
Reset Value
DCR7
0
DCR6
0
DCR5
0
DCR4
0
DCR3
0
DCR2
0
DCR1
0
DCR0
0
1F
ATICRH
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
ICR11
0
ICR10
0
ICR9
0
ICR8
0
20
ATICRL
Reset Value
ICR7
0
ICR6
0
ICR5
0
ICR4
0
ICR3
0
ICR2
0
ICR1
0
ICR0
0
(Hex.)
CNTR1_11 CNTR1_10 CNTR1_9 CNTR1_8
0
0
0
0
CNTR1_2 CNTR1_1 CNTR1_0
0
0
0
69/167
1
ST7LITE3
Address
Register
Label
7
6
21
ATCSR2
Reset Value
0
0
22
BREAKCR
Reset Value
0
23
ATR2H
Reset Value
24
25
(Hex.)
70/167
1
5
4
3
2
1
0
ICS
OVFIE2
OVF2
ENCNTR2
TRAN2
TRAN1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
BA
0
BPEN
0
PWM3
0
PWM2
0
PWM1
0
PWM0
0
0
0
0
0
ATR11
0
ATR10
0
ATR9
0
ATR8
0
ATR2L
Reset Value
ATR7
0
ATR6
0
ATR5
0
ATR4
0
ATR3
0
ATR2
0
ATR1
0
ATR0
0
DTGR
Reset Value
DTE
DT6
DT5
DT4
DT3
DT2
DT1
DT0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ST7LITE3
11.3 LITE TIMER 2 (LT2)
11.3.1 Introduction
The Lite Timer can be used for general-purpose
timing functions. It is based on two free-running 8bit upcounters and an 8-bit input capture register.
■
11.3.2 Main Features
■ Realtime Clock (RTC)
– One 8-bit upcounter 1 ms or 2 ms timebase
period (@ 8 MHz fOSC)
– One 8-bit upcounter with autoreload and programmable timebase period from 4µs to
1.024ms in 4µs increments (@ 8 MHz fOSC)
– 2 Maskable timebase interrupts
Input Capture
– 8-bit input capture register (LTICR)
– Maskable interrupt with wakeup from Halt
Mode capability
Figure 45. Lite Timer 2 Block Diagram
fOSC/32
LTTB2
LTCNTR
Interrupt request
LTCSR2
8-bit TIMEBASE
COUNTER 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
TB2IE TB2F
8
LTARR
fLTIMER
8-bit AUTORELOAD
REGISTER
/2
8-bit TIMEBASE
COUNTER 1
fLTIMER
8
To 12-bit AT TImer
1
0 Timebase
1 or 2 ms
(@ 8MHz
fOSC)
LTICR
LTIC
8-bit
INPUT CAPTURE
REGISTER
LTCSR1
ICIE
ICF
TB
TB1IE TB1F
LTTB1 INTERRUPT REQUEST
LTIC INTERRUPT REQUEST
71/167
1
ST7LITE3
LITE TIMER (Cont’d)
11.3.3 Functional Description
11.3.3.1 Timebase Counter 1
The 8-bit value of Counter 1 cannot be read or
written by software. After an MCU reset, it starts
incrementing from 0 at a frequency of fOSC/32. An
overflow event occurs when the counter rolls over
from F9h to 00h. If fOSC = 8 MHz, then the time period between two counter overflow events is 1 ms.
This period can be doubled by setting the TB bit in
the LTCSR1 register.
When Counter 1 overflows, the TB1F bit is set by
hardware and an interrupt request is generated if
the TB1IE bit is set. The TB1F bit is cleared by
software reading the LTCSR1 register.
11.3.3.2 Timebase Counter 2
Counter 2 is an 8-bit autoreload upcounter. It can
be read by accessing the LTCNTR register. After
an MCU reset, it increments at a frequency of
fOSC/32 starting from the value stored in the
LTARR register. A counter overflow event occurs
when the counter rolls over from FFh to the
LTARR reload value. Software can write a new
value at anytime in the LTARR register, this value
will be automatically loaded in the counter when
the next overflow occurs.
When Counter 2 overflows, the TB2F bit in the
LTCSR2 register is set by hardware and an interrupt request is generated if the TB2IE bit is set.
The TB2F bit is cleared by software reading the
LTCSR2 register.
11.3.3.3 Input Capture
The 8-bit input capture register is used to latch the
free-running upcounter (Counter 1) 1 after a rising
or falling edge is detected on the LTIC pin. When
an input capture occurs, the ICF bit is set and the
LTICR register contains the value of Counter 1. An
interrupt is generated if the ICIE bit is set. The ICF
bit is cleared by reading the LTICR register.
The LTICR is a read-only register and always contains the data from the last input capture. Input
capture is inhibited if the ICF bit is set.
Figure 46. Input Capture Timing Diagram.
4µs
(@ 8MHz fOSC)
fCPU
fOSC/32
8-bit COUNTER 1
01h
02h
03h
04h
05h
06h
07h
CLEARED
BY S/W
READING
LTIC REGISTER
LTIC PIN
ICF FLAG
LTICR REGISTER
xxh
04h
07h
t
72/167
1
ST7LITE3
LITE TIMER (Cont’d)
11.3.4 Low Power Modes
11.3.6 Register Description
Mode
Description
No effect on Lite timer
SLOW
(this peripheral is driven directly
by fOSC/32)
WAIT
No effect on Lite timer
ACTIVE-HALT No effect on Lite timer
HALT
Lite timer stops counting
11.3.5 Interrupts
Interrupt
Event
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TB2IE
TB2F
Bits 7:2 = Reserved, must be kept cleared.
Exit
from
Wait
Exit
from
Active
Halt
Exit
from
Halt
TB1IE
Yes
Yes
No
TB2IE
Yes
No
No
ICIE
Yes
No
No
Enable
Event
Control
Flag
Bit
Timebase 1
TB1F
Event
Timebase 2
TB2F
Event
IC Event
ICF
LITE TIMER CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER 2
(LTCSR2)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0x00 0000 (x0h)
Note: The TBxF and ICF interrupt events are connected to separate interrupt vectors (see Interrupts chapter).
They generate an interrupt if the enable bit is set in
the LTCSR1 or LTCSR2 register and the interrupt
mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction).
Bit 1 = TB2IE Timebase 2 Interrupt enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Timebase (TB2) interrupt disabled
1: Timebase (TB2) interrupt enabled
Bit 0 = TB2F Timebase 2 Interrupt Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
reading the LTCSR2 register. Writing to this bit
has no effect.
0: No Counter 2 overflow
1: A Counter 2 overflow has occurred
LITE
TIMER
AUTORELOAD
(LTARR)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
REGISTER
7
AR7
0
AR7
AR7
AR7
AR3
AR2
AR1
AR0
Bits 7:0 = AR[7:0] Counter 2 Reload Value.
These bits register is read/write by software. The
LTARR value is automatically loaded into Counter
2 (LTCNTR) when an overflow occurs.
73/167
1
ST7LITE3
LITE TIMER (Cont’d)
LITE TIMER COUNTER 2 (LTCNTR)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
CNT7
0
CNT7
CNT7
CNT7
CNT3
CNT2
CNT1
CNT0
Bits 7:0 = CNT[7:0] Counter 2 Reload Value.
This register is read by software. The LTARR value is automatically loaded into Counter 2 (LTCNTR) when an overflow occurs.
LITE TIMER CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER
(LTCSR1)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0x00 0000 (x0h)
7
ICIE
0
ICF
TB
TB1IE
TB1F
-
-
Bit 6 = ICF Input Capture Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
by reading the LTICR register. Writing to this bit
does not change the bit value.
0: No input capture
1: An input capture has occurred
Note: After an MCU reset, software must initialise
the ICF bit by reading the LTICR register
1
Bit 4 = TB1IE Timebase Interrupt enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Timebase (TB1) interrupt disabled
1: Timebase (TB1) interrupt enabled
Bit 3 = TB1F Timebase Interrupt Flag.
This bit is set by hardware and cleared by software
reading the LTCSR register. Writing to this bit has
no effect.
0: No counter overflow
1: A counter overflow has occurred
Bits 2:0 = Reserved
-
Bit 7 = ICIE Interrupt Enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Input Capture (IC) interrupt disabled
1: Input Capture (IC) interrupt enabled
74/167
Bit 5 = TB Timebase period selection.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Timebase period = tOSC * 8000 (1ms @ 8 MHz)
1: Timebase period = tOSC * 16000 (2ms @ 8
MHz)
LITE TIMER INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER
(LTICR)
Read only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
ICR7
0
ICR6
ICR5
ICR4
ICR3
ICR2
ICR1
ICR0
Bits 7:0 = ICR[7:0] Input Capture Value
These bits are read by software and cleared by
hardware after a reset. If the ICF bit in the LTCSR
is cleared, the value of the 8-bit up-counter will be
captured when a rising or falling edge occurs on
the LTIC pin.
ST7LITE3
LITE TIMER (Cont’d)
Table 16. Lite Timer Register Map and Reset Values
Address
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
08
LTCSR2
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
TB2IE
0
TB2F
0
09
LTARR
Reset Value
AR7
0
AR6
0
AR5
0
AR4
0
AR3
0
AR2
0
AR1
0
AR0
0
0A
LTCNTR
Reset Value
CNT7
0
CNT6
0
CNT5
0
CNT4
0
CNT3
0
CNT2
0
CNT1
0
CNT0
0
0B
LTCSR1
Reset Value
ICIE
0
ICF
x
TB
0
TB1IE
0
TB1F
0
0
0
0
0C
LTICR
Reset Value
ICR7
0
ICR6
0
ICR5
0
ICR4
0
ICR3
0
ICR2
0
ICR1
0
ICR0
0
(Hex.)
75/167
1
ST7LITE3
11.4 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI)
11.4.1 Introduction
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) allows fullduplex, synchronous, serial communication with
external devices. An SPI system may consist of a
master and one or more slaves or a system in
which devices may be either masters or slaves.
11.4.2 Main Features
■ Full duplex synchronous transfers (on 3 lines)
■ Simplex synchronous transfers (on 2 lines)
■ Master or slave operation
■ Six master mode frequencies (fCPU/4 max.)
■ fCPU/2 max. slave mode frequency (see note)
■ SS Management by software or hardware
■ Programmable clock polarity and phase
■ End of transfer interrupt flag
■ Write collision, Master Mode Fault and Overrun
flags
Note: In slave mode, continuous transmission is
not possible at maximum frequency due to the
software overhead for clearing status flags and to
initiate the next transmission sequence.
76/167
1
11.4.3 General Description
Figure 47 shows the serial peripheral interface
(SPI) block diagram. There are 3 registers:
– SPI Control Register (SPICR)
– SPI Control/Status Register (SPICSR)
– SPI Data Register (SPIDR)
The SPI is connected to external devices through
4 pins:
– MISO: Master In / Slave Out data
– MOSI: Master Out / Slave In data
– SCK: Serial Clock out by SPI masters and input by SPI slaves
– SS: Slave select:
This input signal acts as a ‘chip select’ to let
the SPI master communicate with slaves individually and to avoid contention on the data
lines. Slave SS inputs can be driven by standard I/O ports on the master Device.
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
Figure 47. Serial Peripheral Interface Block Diagram
Data/Address Bus
SPIDR
Read
Interrupt
request
Read Buffer
MOSI
MISO
8-Bit Shift Register
SPICSR
7
SPIF WCOL OVR MODF
SOD
bit
0
SOD SSM
0
SSI
Write
SS
SPI
STATE
CONTROL
SCK
7
SPIE
1
0
SPICR
0
SPE SPR2 MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0
MASTER
CONTROL
SERIAL CLOCK
GENERATOR
SS
77/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.3.1 Functional Description
A basic example of interconnections between a
single master and a single slave is illustrated in
Figure 48.
The MOSI pins are connected together and the
MISO pins are connected together. In this way
data is transferred serially between master and
slave (most significant bit first).
The communication is always initiated by the master. When the master device transmits data to a
slave device via MOSI pin, the slave device re-
sponds by sending data to the master device via
the MISO pin. This implies full duplex communication with both data out and data in synchronized
with the same clock signal (which is provided by
the master device via the SCK pin).
To use a single data line, the MISO and MOSI pins
must be connected at each node ( in this case only
simplex communication is possible).
Four possible data/clock timing relationships may
be chosen (see Figure 51) but master and slave
must be programmed with the same timing mode.
Figure 48. Single Master/ Single Slave Application
SLAVE
MASTER
MSBit
LSBit
8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
SPI
CLOCK
GENERATOR
MSBit
MISO
MISO
MOSI
MOSI
SCK
SS
LSBit
8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
SCK
+5V
SS
Not used if SS is managed
by software
78/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.3.2 Slave Select Management
As an alternative to using the SS pin to control the
Slave Select signal, the application can choose to
manage the Slave Select signal by software. This
is configured by the SSM bit in the SPICSR register (see Figure 50)
In software management, the external SS pin is
free for other application uses and the internal SS
signal level is driven by writing to the SSI bit in the
SPICSR register.
In Master mode:
– SS internal must be held high continuously
In Slave Mode:
There are two cases depending on the data/clock
timing relationship (see Figure 49):
If CPHA=1 (data latched on 2nd clock edge):
– SS internal must be held low during the entire
transmission. This implies that in single slave
applications the SS pin either can be tied to
VSS, or made free for standard I/O by managing the SS function by software (SSM= 1 and
SSI=0 in the in the SPICSR register)
If CPHA=0 (data latched on 1st clock edge):
– SS internal must be held low during byte
transmission and pulled high between each
byte to allow the slave to write to the shift register. If SS is not pulled high, a Write Collision
error will occur when the slave writes to the
shift register (see Section 11.4.5.3).
Figure 49. Generic SS Timing Diagram
MOSI/MISO
Byte 1
Byte 2
Byte 3
Master SS
Slave SS
(if CPHA=0)
Slave SS
(if CPHA=1)
Figure 50. Hardware/Software Slave Select Management
SSM bit
SSI bit
1
SS external pin
0
SS internal
79/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.3.3 Master Mode Operation
In master mode, the serial clock is output on the
SCK pin. The clock frequency, polarity and phase
are configured by software (refer to the description
of the SPICSR register).
Note: The idle state of SCK must correspond to
the polarity selected in the SPICSR register (by
pulling up SCK if CPOL=1 or pulling down SCK if
CPOL=0).
To operate the SPI in master mode, perform the
following steps in order (if the SPICSR register is
not written first, the SPICR register setting (MSTR
bit ) may be not taken into account):
1. Write to the SPICR register:
– Select the clock frequency by configuring the
SPR[2:0] bits.
– Select the clock polarity and clock phase by
configuring the CPOL and CPHA bits. Figure
51 shows the four possible configurations.
Note: The slave must have the same CPOL
and CPHA settings as the master.
2. Write to the SPICSR register:
– Either set the SSM bit and set the SSI bit or
clear the SSM bit and tie the SS pin high for
the complete byte transmit sequence.
3. Write to the SPICR register:
– Set the MSTR and SPE bits
Note: MSTR and SPE bits remain set only if
SS is high).
The transmit sequence begins when software
writes a byte in the SPIDR register.
11.4.3.4 Master Mode Transmit Sequence
When software writes to the SPIDR register, the
data byte is loaded into the 8-bit shift register and
then shifted out serially to the MOSI pin most significant bit first.
When data transfer is complete:
– The SPIF bit is set by hardware
– An interrupt request is generated if the SPIE
bit is set and the interrupt mask in the CCR
register is cleared.
Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following
software sequence:
1. An access to the SPICSR register while the
SPIF bit is set
2. A read to the SPIDR register.
80/167
1
Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the
SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read.
11.4.3.5 Slave Mode Operation
In slave mode, the serial clock is received on the
SCK pin from the master device.
To operate the SPI in slave mode:
1. Write to the SPICSR register to perform the following actions:
– Select the clock polarity and clock phase by
configuring the CPOL and CPHA bits (see
Figure 51).
Note: The slave must have the same CPOL
and CPHA settings as the master.
– Manage the SS pin as described in Section
11.4.3.2 and Figure 49. If CPHA=1 SS must
be held low continuously. If CPHA=0 SS must
be held low during byte transmission and
pulled up between each byte to let the slave
write in the shift register.
2. Write to the SPICR register to clear the MSTR
bit and set the SPE bit to enable the SPI I/O
functions.
11.4.3.6 Slave Mode Transmit Sequence
When software writes to the SPIDR register, the
data byte is loaded into the 8-bit shift register and
then shifted out serially to the MISO pin most significant bit first.
The transmit sequence begins when the slave device receives the clock signal and the most significant bit of the data on its MOSI pin.
When data transfer is complete:
– The SPIF bit is set by hardware
– An interrupt request is generated if SPIE bit is
set and interrupt mask in the CCR register is
cleared.
Clearing the SPIF bit is performed by the following
software sequence:
1. An access to the SPICSR register while the
SPIF bit is set.
2. A write or a read to the SPIDR register.
Notes: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the
SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read.
The SPIF bit can be cleared during a second
transmission; however, it must be cleared before
the second SPIF bit in order to prevent an Overrun
condition (see Section 11.4.5.2).
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.4 Clock Phase and Clock Polarity
Four possible timing relationships may be chosen
by software, using the CPOL and CPHA bits (See
Figure 51).
Note: The idle state of SCK must correspond to
the polarity selected in the SPICSR register (by
pulling up SCK if CPOL=1 or pulling down SCK if
CPOL=0).
The combination of the CPOL clock polarity and
CPHA (clock phase) bits selects the data capture
clock edge
Figure 51, shows an SPI transfer with the four
combinations of the CPHA and CPOL bits. The diagram may be interpreted as a master or slave
timing diagram where the SCK pin, the MISO pin,
the MOSI pin are directly connected between the
master and the slave device.
Note: If CPOL is changed at the communication
byte boundaries, the SPI must be disabled by resetting the SPE bit.
Figure 51. Data Clock Timing Diagram
CPHA =1
SCK
(CPOL = 1)
SCK
(CPOL = 0)
MISO
(from master)
MOSI
(from slave)
MSBit
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit3
Bit 2
Bit 1
LSBit
MSBit
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit3
Bit 2
Bit 1
LSBit
SS
(to slave)
CAPTURE STROBE
CPHA =0
SCK
(CPOL = 1)
SCK
(CPOL = 0)
MISO
(from master)
MOSI
(from slave)
MSBit
MSBit
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit3
Bit 2
Bit 1
LSBit
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit3
Bit 2
Bit 1
LSBit
SS
(to slave)
CAPTURE STROBE
Note: This figure should not be used as a replacement for parametric information.
Refer to the Electrical Characteristics chapter.
81/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.5 Error Flags
11.4.5.1 Master Mode Fault (MODF)
Master mode fault occurs when the master device
has its SS pin pulled low.
When a Master mode fault occurs:
– The MODF bit is set and an SPI interrupt request is generated if the SPIE bit is set.
– The SPE bit is reset. This blocks all output
from the Device and disables the SPI peripheral.
– The MSTR bit is reset, thus forcing the Device
into slave mode.
Clearing the MODF bit is done through a software
sequence:
1. A read access to the SPICSR register while the
MODF bit is set.
2. A write to the SPICR register.
Notes: To avoid any conflicts in an application
with multiple slaves, the SS pin must be pulled
high during the MODF bit clearing sequence. The
SPE and MSTR bits may be restored to their original state during or after this clearing sequence.
Hardware does not allow the user to set the SPE
and MSTR bits while the MODF bit is set except in
the MODF bit clearing sequence.
In a slave device, the MODF bit can not be set, but
in a multi master configuration the Device can be in
slave mode with the MODF bit set.
The MODF bit indicates that there might have
been a multi-master conflict and allows software to
handle this using an interrupt routine and either
perform to a reset or return to an application default state.
11.4.5.2 Overrun Condition (OVR)
An overrun condition occurs, when the master device has sent a data byte and the slave device has
not cleared the SPIF bit issued from the previously
transmitted byte.
When an Overrun occurs:
– The OVR bit is set and an interrupt request is
generated if the SPIE bit is set.
In this case, the receiver buffer contains the byte
sent after the SPIF bit was last cleared. A read to
the SPIDR register returns this byte. All other
bytes are lost.
The OVR bit is cleared by reading the SPICSR
register.
11.4.5.3 Write Collision Error (WCOL)
A write collision occurs when the software tries to
write to the SPIDR register while a data transfer is
taking place with an external device. When this
happens, the transfer continues uninterrupted;
and the software write will be unsuccessful.
Write collisions can occur both in master and slave
mode. See also Section 11.4.3.2 Slave Select
Management.
Note: a "read collision" will never occur since the
received data byte is placed in a buffer in which
access is always synchronous with the CPU operation.
The WCOL bit in the SPICSR register is set if a
write collision occurs.
No SPI interrupt is generated when the WCOL bit
is set (the WCOL bit is a status flag only).
Clearing the WCOL bit is done through a software
sequence (see Figure 52).
Figure 52. Clearing the WCOL bit (Write Collision Flag) Software Sequence
Clearing sequence after SPIF = 1 (end of a data byte transfer)
1st Step
Read SPICSR
RESULT
2nd Step
Read SPIDR
SPIF =0
WCOL=0
Clearing sequence before SPIF = 1 (during a data byte transfer)
1st Step
Read SPICSR
RESULT
2nd Step
82/167
1
Read SPIDR
WCOL=0
Note: Writing to the SPIDR register instead of reading it does not
reset the WCOL bit
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.5.4 Single Master and Multimaster
Configurations
There are two types of SPI systems:
– Single Master System
– Multimaster System
Single Master System
A typical single master system may be configured,
using a device as the master and four devices as
slaves (see Figure 53).
The master device selects the individual slave devices by using four pins of a parallel port to control
the four SS pins of the slave devices.
The SS pins are pulled high during reset since the
master device ports will be forced to be inputs at
that time, thus disabling the slave devices.
Note: To prevent a bus conflict on the MISO line
the master allows only one active slave device
during a transmission.
For more security, the slave device may respond
to the master with the received data byte. Then the
master will receive the previous byte back from the
slave device if all MISO and MOSI pins are connected and the slave has not written to its SPIDR
register.
Other transmission security methods can use
ports for handshake lines or data bytes with command fields.
Multi-Master System
A multi-master system may also be configured by
the user. Transfer of master control could be implemented using a handshake method through the
I/O ports or by an exchange of code messages
through the serial peripheral interface system.
The multi-master system is principally handled by
the MSTR bit in the SPICR register and the MODF
bit in the SPICSR register.
Figure 53. Single Master / Multiple Slave Configuration
SS
SCK
Slave
Device
SS
SCK
Slave
Device
SS
SCK
Slave
Device
SS
SCK
Slave
Device
MOSI MISO
MOSI MISO
MOSI MISO
MOSI MISO
SCK
Master
Device
5V
Ports
MOSI MISO
SS
83/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.6 Low Power Modes
Mode
WAIT
HALT
Description
No effect on SPI.
SPI interrupt events cause the Device to exit
from WAIT mode.
SPI registers are frozen.
In HALT mode, the SPI is inactive. SPI operation resumes when the Device is woken up
by an interrupt with “exit from HALT mode”
capability. The data received is subsequently
read from the SPIDR register when the software is running (interrupt vector fetching). If
several data are received before the wakeup event, then an overrun error is generated.
This error can be detected after the fetch of
the interrupt routine that woke up the Device.
11.4.6.1 Using the SPI to wake-up the Device
from Halt mode
In slave configuration, the SPI is able to wake-up
the Device from HALT mode through a SPIF interrupt. The data received is subsequently read from
the SPIDR register when the software is running
(interrupt vector fetch). If multiple data transfers
have been performed before software clears the
SPIF bit, then the OVR bit is set by hardware.
Note: When waking up from Halt mode, if the SPI
remains in Slave mode, it is recommended to perform an extra communications cycle to bring the
SPI from Halt mode state to normal state. If the
SPI exits from Slave mode, it returns to normal
state immediately.
Caution: The SPI can wake-up the Device from
Halt mode only if the Slave Select signal (external
84/167
1
SS pin or the SSI bit in the SPICSR register) is low
when the Device enters Halt mode. So if Slave selection is configured as external (see Section
11.4.3.2), make sure the master drives a low level
on the SS pin when the slave enters Halt mode.
11.4.7 Interrupts
Interrupt Event
Event
Flag
SPI End of TransSPIF
fer Event
Master Mode
MODF
Fault Event
Overrun Error
OVR
Enable
Control
Bit
SPIE
Exit
from
Wait
Exit
from
Halt
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Note: The SPI interrupt events are connected to
the same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter).
They generate an interrupt if the corresponding
Enable Control Bit is set and the interrupt mask in
the CC register is reset (RIM instruction).
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.4.8 Register Description
CONTROL REGISTER (SPICR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 xxxx (0xh)
7
SPIE
0
SPE
SPR2
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
Bit 7 = SPIE Serial Peripheral Interrupt Enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Interrupt is inhibited
1: An SPI interrupt is generated whenever an End
of Transfer event, Master Mode Fault or Overrun error occurs (SPIF=1, MODF=1 or OVR=1
in the SPICSR register)
Bit 6 = SPE Serial Peripheral Output Enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also
cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0
(see Section 11.4.5.1 Master Mode Fault
(MODF)). The SPE bit is cleared by reset, so the
SPI peripheral is not initially connected to the external pins.
0: I/O pins free for general purpose I/O
1: SPI I/O pin alternate functions enabled
Bit 5 = SPR2 Divider Enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software and is
cleared by reset. It is used with the SPR[1:0] bits to
set the baud rate. Refer to Table 17 SPI Master
mode SCK Frequency.
0: Divider by 2 enabled
1: Divider by 2 disabled
Note: This bit has no effect in slave mode.
Bit 4 = MSTR Master Mode.
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is also
cleared by hardware when, in master mode, SS=0
(see Section 11.4.5.1 Master Mode Fault
(MODF)).
0: Slave mode
1: Master mode. The function of the SCK pin
changes from an input to an output and the functions of the MISO and MOSI pins are reversed.
Bit 3 = CPOL Clock Polarity.
This bit is set and cleared by software. This bit determines the idle state of the serial Clock. The
CPOL bit affects both the master and slave
modes.
0: SCK pin has a low level idle state
1: SCK pin has a high level idle state
Note: If CPOL is changed at the communication
byte boundaries, the SPI must be disabled by resetting the SPE bit.
Bit 2 = CPHA Clock Phase.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: The first clock transition is the first data capture
edge.
1: The second clock transition is the first capture
edge.
Note: The slave must have the same CPOL and
CPHA settings as the master.
Bits 1:0 = SPR[1:0] Serial Clock Frequency.
These bits are set and cleared by software. Used
with the SPR2 bit, they select the baud rate of the
SPI serial clock SCK output by the SPI in master
mode.
Note: These 2 bits have no effect in slave mode.
Table 17. SPI Master mode SCK Frequency
Serial Clock
SPR2
SPR1
SPR0
fCPU/4
1
0
0
fCPU/8
0
0
0
fCPU/16
0
0
1
fCPU/32
1
1
0
fCPU/64
0
1
0
fCPU/128
0
1
1
85/167
1
ST7LITE3
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (Cont’d)
CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (SPICSR)
Read/Write (some bits Read Only)
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
SPIF
0
WCOL
OVR
MODF
-
SOD
SSM
SSI
Bit 7 = SPIF Serial Peripheral Data Transfer Flag
(Read only).
This bit is set by hardware when a transfer has
been completed. An interrupt is generated if
SPIE=1 in the SPICR register. It is cleared by a
software sequence (an access to the SPICSR
register followed by a write or a read to the
SPIDR register).
0: Data transfer is in progress or the flag has been
cleared.
1: Data transfer between the Device and an external device has been completed.
Note: While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the
SPIDR register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is read.
Bit 6 = WCOL Write Collision status (Read only).
This bit is set by hardware when a write to the
SPIDR register is done during a transmit sequence. It is cleared by a software sequence (see
Figure 52).
0: No write collision occurred
1: A write collision has been detected
Bit 5 = OVR SPI Overrun error (Read only).
This bit is set by hardware when the byte currently
being received in the shift register is ready to be
transferred into the SPIDR register while SPIF = 1
(See Section 11.4.5.2). An interrupt is generated if
SPIE = 1 in the SPICR register. The OVR bit is
cleared by software reading the SPICSR register.
0: No overrun error
1: Overrun error detected
Bit 4 = MODF Mode Fault flag (Read only).
This bit is set by hardware when the SS pin is
pulled low in master mode (see Section 11.4.5.1
Master Mode Fault (MODF)). An SPI interrupt can
be generated if SPIE=1 in the SPICR register. This
bit is cleared by a software sequence (An access
to the SPICSR register while MODF=1 followed by
a write to the SPICR register).
0: No master mode fault detected
1: A fault in master mode has been detected
Bit 3 = Reserved, must be kept cleared.
86/167
1
Bit 2 = SOD SPI Output Disable.
This bit is set and cleared by software. When set, it
disables the alternate function of the SPI output
(MOSI in master mode / MISO in slave mode)
0: SPI output enabled (if SPE=1)
1: SPI output disabled
Bit 1 = SSM SS Management.
This bit is set and cleared by software. When set, it
disables the alternate function of the SPI SS pin
and uses the SSI bit value instead. See Section
11.4.3.2 Slave Select Management.
0: Hardware management (SS managed by external pin)
1: Software management (internal SS signal controlled by SSI bit. External SS pin free for general-purpose I/O)
Bit 0 = SSI SS Internal Mode.
This bit is set and cleared by software. It acts as a
‘chip select’ by controlling the level of the SS slave
select signal when the SSM bit is set.
0 : Slave selected
1 : Slave deselected
DATA I/O REGISTER (SPIDR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: Undefined
7
D7
0
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
The SPIDR register is used to transmit and receive
data on the serial bus. In a master device, a write
to this register will initiate transmission/reception
of another byte.
Notes: During the last clock cycle the SPIF bit is
set, a copy of the received data byte in the shift
register is moved to a buffer. When the user reads
the serial peripheral data I/O register, the buffer is
actually being read.
While the SPIF bit is set, all writes to the SPIDR
register are inhibited until the SPICSR register is
read.
Warning: A write to the SPIDR register places
data directly into the shift register for transmission.
A read to the SPIDR register returns the value located in the buffer and not the content of the shift
register (see Figure 47).
ST7LITE3
Table 18. SPI Register Map and Reset Values
Address
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0031h
SPIDR
Reset Value
MSB
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
LSB
x
0032h
SPICR
Reset Value
SPIE
0
SPE
0
SPR2
0
MSTR
0
CPOL
x
CPHA
x
SPR1
x
SPR0
x
0033h
SPICSR
Reset Value
SPIF
0
WCOL
0
OVR
0
MODF
0
0
SOD
0
SSM
0
SSI
0
(Hex.)
87/167
1
ST7LITE3
11.5 LINSCI SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN MASTER/SLAVE)
11.5.1 Introduction
The Serial Communications Interface (SCI) offers
a flexible means of full-duplex data exchange with
external equipment requiring an industry standard
NRZ asynchronous serial data format. The SCI offers a very wide range of baud rates using two
baud rate generator systems.
The LIN-dedicated features support the LIN (Local
Interconnect Network) protocol for both master
and slave nodes.
This chapter is divided into SCI Mode and LIN
mode sections. For information on general SCI
communications, refer to the SCI mode section.
For LIN applications, refer to both the SCI mode
and LIN mode sections.
11.5.2 SCI Features
■ Full duplex, asynchronous communications
■ NRZ standard format (Mark/Space)
■ Independently
programmable transmit and
receive baud rates up to 500K baud.
■ Programmable data word length (8 or 9 bits)
■ Receive buffer full, Transmit buffer empty and
End of Transmission flags
■ Two receiver wake-up modes:
– Address bit (MSB)
– Idle line
■ Muting function for multiprocessor configurations
■ Separate enable bits for Transmitter and
Receiver
■ Overrun, Noise and Frame error detection
88/167
1
Six interrupt sources
– Transmit data register empty
– Transmission complete
– Receive data register full
– Idle line received
– Overrun error
– Parity interrupt
■ Parity control:
– Transmits parity bit
– Checks parity of received data byte
■ Reduced power consumption mode
11.5.3 LIN Features
– LIN Master
– 13-bit LIN Synch Break generation
– LIN Slave
– Automatic Header Handling
– Automatic baud rate re-synchronization
based on recognition and measurement of the
LIN Synch Field (for LIN slave nodes)
– Automatic baud rate adjustment (at CPU frequency precision)
– 11-bit LIN Synch Break detection capability
– LIN Parity check on the LIN Identifier Field
(only in reception)
– LIN Error management
– LIN Header Timeout
– Hot plugging support
■
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (Cont’d)
11.5.4 General Description
– A conventional type for commonly-used baud
rates.
The interface is externally connected to another
– An extended type with a prescaler offering a very
device by two pins:
wide range of baud rates even with non-standard
– TDO: Transmit Data Output. When the transmitoscillator frequencies.
ter is disabled, the output pin returns to its I/O
– A LIN baud rate generator with automatic resynport configuration. When the transmitter is enabled and nothing is to be transmitted, the TDO
chronization.
pin is at high level.
– RDI: Receive Data Input is the serial data input.
Oversampling techniques are used for data recovery by discriminating between valid incoming
data and noise.
Through these pins, serial data is transmitted and
received as characters comprising:
– An Idle Line prior to transmission or reception
– A start bit
– A data word (8 or 9 bits) least significant bit first
– A Stop bit indicating that the character is complete.
This interface uses three types of baud rate generator:
89/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
Figure 54. SCI Block Diagram (in Conventional Baud Rate Generator Mode)
Write
Read
(DATA REGISTER) SCIDR
Received Data Register (RDR)
Transmit Data Register (TDR)
TDO
Receive Shift Register
Transmit Shift Register
RDI
SCICR1
R8
TRANSMIT
WAKE
UP
CONTROL
UNIT
T8
SCID M
WAKE PCE
PS PIE
RECEIVER
CLOCK
RECEIVER
CONTROL
SCISR
SCICR2
TIE TCIE RIE
ILIE
TE
RE RWU SBK
OR/
TDRE TC RDRF IDLE
LHE
NF
FE
SCI
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
TRANSMITTER
CLOCK
TRANSMITTER RATE
fCPU
CONTROL
/16
/PR
SCIBRR
SCP1 SCP0 SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 SCR2 SCR1SCR0
RECEIVER RATE
CONTROL
CONVENTIONAL BAUD RATE GENERATOR
90/167
1
PE
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.5 SCI Mode - Functional Description
11.5.5.1 Serial Data Format
Conventional Baud Rate Generator Mode
Word length may be selected as being either 8 or 9
bits by programming the M bit in the SCICR1 regThe block diagram of the Serial Control Interface
ister (see Figure 55).
in conventional baud rate generator mode is
The TDO pin is in low state during the start bit.
shown in Figure 54.
It uses 4 registers:
The TDO pin is in high state during the stop bit.
– Two control registers (SCICR1 and SCICR2)
An Idle character is interpreted as a continuous
logic high level for 10 (or 11) full bit times.
– A status register (SCISR)
A Break character is a character with a sufficient
– A baud rate register (SCIBRR)
number of low level bits to break the normal data
Extended Prescaler Mode
format followed by an extra “1” bit to acknowledge
the start bit.
Two additional prescalers are available in extended prescaler mode. They are shown in Figure 56.
– An extended prescaler receiver register (SCIERPR)
– An extended prescaler transmitter register (SCIETPR)
Figure 55. Word length programming
9-bit Word length (M bit is set)
Possible
Parity
Bit
Data Character
Start
Bit
Bit0
Bit2
Bit1
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Start
Bit
Break Character
Extra
’1’
Possible
Parity
Bit
Data Character
Bit0
Bit8
Next
Stop Start
Bit
Bit
Idle Line
8-bit Word length (M bit is reset)
Start
Bit
Bit7
Next Data Character
Bit1
Bit2
Bit3
Bit4
Bit5
Bit6
Bit7
Start
Bit
Next Data Character
Stop
Bit
Next
Start
Bit
Idle Line
Start
Bit
Break Character
Extra Start
Bit
’1’
91/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.5.2 Transmitter
When no transmission is taking place, a write instruction to the SCIDR register places the data diThe transmitter can send data words of either 8 or
rectly in the shift register, the data transmission
9 bits depending on the M bit status. When the M
starts, and the TDRE bit is immediately set.
bit is set, word length is 9 bits and the 9th bit (the
When a character transmission is complete (after
MSB) has to be stored in the T8 bit in the SCICR1
the stop bit or after the break character) the TC bit
register.
is set and an interrupt is generated if the TCIE is
Character Transmission
set and the I[1:0] bits are cleared in the CCR regDuring an SCI transmission, data shifts out least
ister.
significant bit first on the TDO pin. In this mode,
Clearing the TC bit is performed by the following
the SCIDR register consists of a buffer (TDR) besoftware sequence:
tween the internal bus and the transmit shift regis1. An access to the SCISR register
ter (see Figure 54).
2. A write to the SCIDR register
Procedure
Note: The TDRE and TC bits are cleared by the
– Select the M bit to define the word length.
same software sequence.
– Select the desired baud rate using the SCIBRR
Break Characters
and the SCIETPR registers.
Setting the SBK bit loads the shift register with a
– Set the TE bit to send a preamble of 10 (M=0) or
break character. The break character length de11 (M=1) consecutive ones (Idle Line) as first
pends on the M bit (see Figure 55)
transmission.
As long as the SBK bit is set, the SCI sends break
– Access the SCISR register and write the data to
characters to the TDO pin. After clearing this bit by
send in the SCIDR register (this sequence clears
software, the SCI inserts a logic 1 bit at the end of
the TDRE bit). Repeat this sequence for each
the last break character to guarantee the recognidata to be transmitted.
tion of the start bit of the next character.
Clearing the TDRE bit is always performed by the
Idle Line
following software sequence:
Setting the TE bit drives the SCI to send a pream1. An access to the SCISR register
ble of 10 (M=0) or 11 (M=1) consecutive ‘1’s (idle
2. A write to the SCIDR register
line) before the first character.
The TDRE bit is set by hardware and it indicates:
In this case, clearing and then setting the TE bit
– The TDR register is empty.
during a transmission sends a preamble (idle line)
after the current word. Note that the preamble du– The data transfer is beginning.
ration (10 or 11 consecutive ‘1’s depending on the
– The next data can be written in the SCIDR regisM bit) does not take into account the stop bit of the
ter without overwriting the previous data.
previous character.
This flag generates an interrupt if the TIE bit is set
Note: Resetting and setting the TE bit causes the
and the I[|1:0] bits are cleared in the CCR register.
data in the TDR register to be lost. Therefore the
When a transmission is taking place, a write inbest time to toggle the TE bit is when the TDRE bit
struction to the SCIDR register stores the data in
is set i.e. before writing the next byte in the SCIDR.
the TDR register and which is copied in the shift
register at the end of the current transmission.
92/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.5.3 Receiver
– The OR bit is set.
The SCI can receive data words of either 8 or 9
– The RDR content will not be lost.
bits. When the M bit is set, word length is 9 bits
– The shift register will be overwritten.
and the MSB is stored in the R8 bit in the SCICR1
– An interrupt is generated if the RIE bit is set and
register.
the I[|1:0] bits are cleared in the CCR register.
Character reception
The OR bit is reset by an access to the SCISR regDuring a SCI reception, data shifts in least signifiister followed by a SCIDR register read operation.
cant bit first through the RDI pin. In this mode, the
Noise Error
SCIDR register consists or a buffer (RDR) between the internal bus and the received shift regisOversampling techniques are used for data recovter (see Figure 54).
ery by discriminating between valid incoming data
and noise.
Procedure
When noise is detected in a character:
– Select the M bit to define the word length.
– The NF bit is set at the rising edge of the RDRF
– Select the desired baud rate using the SCIBRR
bit.
and the SCIERPR registers.
– Data is transferred from the Shift register to the
– Set the RE bit, this enables the receiver which
SCIDR register.
begins searching for a start bit.
– No interrupt is generated. However this bit rises
When a character is received:
at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself
– The RDRF bit is set. It indicates that the content
generates an interrupt.
of the shift register is transferred to the RDR.
The NF bit is reset by a SCISR register read oper– An interrupt is generated if the RIE bit is set and
ation followed by a SCIDR register read operation.
the I[1:0] bits are cleared in the CCR register.
Framing Error
– The error flags can be set if a frame error, noise
A framing error is detected when:
or an overrun error has been detected during reception.
– The stop bit is not recognized on reception at the
expected time, following either a de-synchroniClearing the RDRF bit is performed by the following
zation or excessive noise.
software sequence done by:
– A break is received.
1. An access to the SCISR register
When the framing error is detected:
2. A read to the SCIDR register.
– the FE bit is set by hardware
The RDRF bit must be cleared before the end of the
reception of the next character to avoid an overrun
– Data is transferred from the Shift register to the
error.
SCIDR register.
Idle Line
– No interrupt is generated. However this bit rises
at the same time as the RDRF bit which itself
When an idle line is detected, there is the same
generates an interrupt.
procedure as a data received character plus an interrupt if the ILIE bit is set and the I[|1:0] bits are
The FE bit is reset by a SCISR register read opercleared in the CCR register.
ation followed by a SCIDR register read operation.
Overrun Error
Break Character
An overrun error occurs when a character is re– When a break character is received, the SCI
ceived when RDRF has not been reset. Data can
handles it as a framing error. To differentiate a
not be transferred from the shift register to the
break character from a framing error, it is necesTDR register as long as the RDRF bit is not
sary to read the SCIDR. If the received value is
cleared.
00h, it is a break character. Otherwise it is a
framing error.
When an overrun error occurs:
93/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.5.4 Conventional Baud Rate Generation
11.5.5.5 Extended Baud Rate Generation
The baud rate for the receiver and transmitter (Rx
The extended prescaler option gives a very fine
and Tx) are set independently and calculated as
tuning on the baud rate, using a 255 value prescaler, whereas the conventional Baud Rate Generafollows:
tor retains industry standard software compatibilifCPU
fCPU
ty.
Rx =
Tx =
The extended baud rate generator block diagram
(16*PR)*RR
(16*PR)*TR
is described in Figure 56.
with:
The output clock rate sent to the transmitter or to
PR = 1, 3, 4 or 13 (see SCP[1:0] bits)
the receiver will be the output from the 16 divider
divided by a factor ranging from 1 to 255 set in the
TR = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,128
SCIERPR or the SCIETPR register.
(see SCT[2:0] bits)
Note: the extended prescaler is activated by setRR = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64,128
ting the SCIETPR or SCIERPR register to a value
(see SCR[2:0] bits)
other than zero. The baud rates are calculated as
follows:
All these bits are in the SCIBRR register.
Example: If fCPU is 8 MHz (normal mode) and if
fCPU
fCPU
PR=13 and TR=RR=1, the transmit and receive
Rx =
Tx =
baud rates are 38400 baud.
16*ERPR*(PR*RR)
16*ETPR*(PR*TR)
Note: the baud rate registers MUST NOT be
changed while the transmitter or the receiver is enwith:
abled.
ETPR = 1,..,255 (see SCIETPR register)
ERPR = 1,.. 255 (see SCIERPR register)
94/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
Figure 56. SCI Baud Rate and Extended Prescaler Block Diagram
TRANSMITTER
CLOCK
EXTENDED PRESCALER TRANSMITTER RATE CONTROL
SCIETPR
EXTENDED TRANSMITTER PRESCALER REGISTER
SCIERPR
EXTENDED RECEIVER PRESCALER REGISTER
RECEIVER
CLOCK
EXTENDED PRESCALER RECEIVER RATE CONTROL
EXTENDED PRESCALER
fCPU
TRANSMITTER RATE
CONTROL
/16
/PR
SCIBRR
SCP1 SCP0 SCT2 SCT1 SCT0 SCR2 SCR1SCR0
RECEIVER RATE
CONTROL
CONVENTIONAL BAUD RATE GENERATOR
95/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.5.6 Receiver Muting and Wake-up Feature
ceived an address character (most significant bit
=’1’), the receivers are waken up. The receivers
In multiprocessor configurations it is often desirawhich are not addressed set RWU bit to enter in
ble that only the intended message recipient
mute mode. Consequently, they will not treat the
should actively receive the full message contents,
next characters constituting the next part of the
thus reducing redundant SCI service overhead for
message.
all non-addressed receivers.
11.5.5.7 Parity Control
The non-addressed devices may be placed in
Hardware byte Parity control (generation of parity
sleep mode by means of the muting function.
bit in transmission and parity checking in recepSetting the RWU bit by software puts the SCI in
tion) can be enabled by setting the PCE bit in the
sleep mode:
SCICR1 register. Depending on the character forAll the reception status bits can not be set.
mat defined by the M bit, the possible SCI character formats are as listed in Table 19.
All the receive interrupts are inhibited.
Note: In case of wake up by an address mark, the
A muted receiver may be woken up in one of the
MSB bit of the data is taken into account and not
following ways:
the parity bit
– by Idle Line detection if the WAKE bit is reset,
– by Address Mark detection if the WAKE bit is set.
Idle Line Detection
Receiver wakes-up by Idle Line detection when
the Receive line has recognised an Idle Line. Then
the RWU bit is reset by hardware but the IDLE bit
is not set.
This feature is useful in a multiprocessor system
when the first characters of the message determine the address and when each message ends
by an idle line: As soon as the line becomes idle,
every receivers is waken up and analyse the first
characters of the message which indicates the addressed receiver. The receivers which are not addressed set RWU bit to enter in mute mode. Consequently, they will not treat the next characters
constituting the next part of the message. At the
end of the message, an idle line is sent by the
transmitter: this wakes up every receivers which
are ready to analyse the addressing characters of
the new message.
In such a system, the inter-characters space must
be smaller than the idle time.
Address Mark Detection
Receiver wakes-up by Address Mark detection
when it received a “1” as the most significant bit of
a word, thus indicating that the message is an address. The reception of this particular word wakes
up the receiver, resets the RWU bit and sets the
RDRF bit, which allows the receiver to receive this
word normally and to use it as an address word.
This feature is useful in a multiprocessor system
when the most significant bit of each character
(except for the break character) is reserved for Address Detection. As soon as the receivers re-
96/167
1
Table 19. Character Formats
M bit PCE bit
Character format
0
0
| SB | 8 bit data | STB |
0
1
| SB | 7-bit data | PB | STB |
1
0
| SB | 9-bit data | STB |
1
1
| SB | 8-bit data | PB | STB |
Legend: SB = Start Bit, STB = Stop Bit,
PB = Parity Bit
Even parity: the parity bit is calculated to obtain
an even number of “1s” inside the character made
of the 7 or 8 LSB bits (depending on whether M is
equal to 0 or 1) and the parity bit.
Ex: data=00110101; 4 bits set => parity bit will be
0 if even parity is selected (PS bit = 0).
Odd parity: the parity bit is calculated to obtain an
odd number of “1s” inside the character made of
the 7 or 8 LSB bits (depending on whether M is
equal to 0 or 1) and the parity bit.
Ex: data=00110101; 4 bits set => parity bit will be
1 if odd parity is selected (PS bit = 1).
Transmission mode: If the PCE bit is set then the
MSB bit of the data written in the data register is
not transmitted but is changed by the parity bit.
Reception mode: If the PCE bit is set then the interface checks if the received data byte has an
even number of “1s” if even parity is selected
(PS=0) or an odd number of “1s” if odd parity is selected (PS=1). If the parity check fails, the PE flag
is set in the SCISR register and an interrupt is generated if PCIE is set in the SCICR1 register.
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.6 Low Power Modes
11.5.7 Interrupts
Mode
WAIT
HALT
Description
No effect on SCI.
SCI interrupts cause the device to exit
from Wait mode.
SCI registers are frozen.
In Halt mode, the SCI stops transmitting/receiving until Halt mode is exited.
Interrupt Event
Enable Exit
Event
Control from
Flag
Bit
Wait
Transmit Data Register
TDRE
Empty
Transmission ComTC
plete
Received Data Ready
RDRF
to be Read
Overrun Error or LIN
OR/
Synch Error Detected
LHE
Idle Line Detected
IDLE
Parity Error
PE
LIN Header Detection LHDF
Exit
from
Halt
TIE
Yes
No
TCIE
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
RIE
ILIE
PIE
LHIE
The SCI interrupt events are connected to the
same interrupt vector (see Interrupts chapter).
These events generate an interrupt if the corresponding Enable Control Bit is set and the interrupt mask in the CC register is reset (RIM instruction).
97/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description
Bit 3 = OR Overrun error
STATUS REGISTER (SCISR)
The OR bit is set by hardware when the word curRead Only
rently being received in the shift register is ready to
Reset Value: 1100 0000 (C0h)
be transferred into the RDR register whereas
RDRF is still set. An interrupt is generated if RIE=1
7
0
in the SCICR2 register. It is cleared by a software
sequence (an access to the SCISR register folTDRE
TC
RDRF IDLE OR1)
NF1)
FE1)
PE1)
lowed by a read to the SCIDR register).
0: No Overrun error
1: Overrun error detected
Bit 7 = TDRE Transmit data register empty.
Note: When this bit is set, RDR register contents
This bit is set by hardware when the content of the
will not be lost but the shift register will be overwritTDR register has been transferred into the shift
ten.
register. An interrupt is generated if the TIE =1 in
the SCICR2 register. It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to the SCISR register followed
Bit 2 = NF Character Noise flag
by a write to the SCIDR register).
0: Data is not transferred to the shift register
This bit is set by hardware when noise is detected
1: Data is transferred to the shift register
on a received character. It is cleared by a software
sequence (an access to the SCISR register followed by a read to the SCIDR register).
Bit 6 = TC Transmission complete.
0: No noise
This bit is set by hardware when transmission of a
1: Noise is detected
character containing Data is complete. An interNote: This bit does not generate interrupt as it aprupt is generated if TCIE=1 in the SCICR2 regispears at the same time as the RDRF bit which itter. It is cleared by a software sequence (an acself generates an interrupt.
cess to the SCISR register followed by a write to
the SCIDR register).
0: Transmission is not complete
Bit 1 = FE Framing error.
1: Transmission is complete
This bit is set by hardware when a de-synchronizaNote: TC is not set after the transmission of a Pretion, excessive noise or a break character is deamble or a Break.
tected. It is cleared by a software sequence (an
access to the SCISR register followed by a read to
the SCIDR register).
Bit 5 = RDRF Received data ready flag.
0: No Framing error
This bit is set by hardware when the content of the
1: Framing error or break character detected
RDR register has been transferred to the SCIDR
Notes:
register. An interrupt is generated if RIE=1 in the
SCICR2 register. It is cleared by a software se– This bit does not generate an interrupt as it apquence (an access to the SCISR register followed
pears at the same time as the RDRF bit which itby a read to the SCIDR register).
self generates an interrupt. If the word currently
0: Data is not received
being transferred causes both a frame error and
1: Received data is ready to be read
an overrun error, it will be transferred and only
the OR bit will be set.
Bit 4 = IDLE Idle line detected.
Bit 0 = PE Parity error.
This bit is set by hardware when an Idle Line is deThis bit is set by hardware when a byte parity error
tected. An interrupt is generated if the ILIE=1 in
occurs (if the PCE bit is set) in receiver mode. It is
the SCICR2 register. It is cleared by a software secleared by a software sequence (a read to the staquence (an access to the SCISR register followed
tus register followed by an access to the SCIDR
by a read to the SCIDR register).
data register). An interrupt is generated if PIE=1 in
0: No Idle Line is detected
the SCICR1 register.
1: Idle Line is detected
0: No parity error
1: Parity error detected
Note: The IDLE bit will not be set again until the
RDRF bit has been set itself (i.e. a new idle line occurs).
98/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
CONTROL REGISTER 1 (SCICR1)
Read/Write
Bit 3 = WAKE Wake-Up method.
Reset Value: x000 0000 (x0h)
This bit determines the SCI Wake-Up method, it is
set or cleared by software.
7
0
0: Idle Line
1: Address Mark
R8
T8
SCID
M
WAKE PCE1)
PS
PIE
Note: If the LINE bit is set, the WAKE bit is de-activated and replaced by the LHDM bit
1)
This bit has a different function in LIN mode, please
refer to the LIN mode register description.
Bit 7 = R8 Receive data bit 8.
This bit is used to store the 9th bit of the received
word when M=1.
Bit 6 = T8 Transmit data bit 8.
This bit is used to store the 9th bit of the transmitted word when M=1.
Bit 5 = SCID Disabled for low power consumption
When this bit is set the SCI prescalers and outputs
are stopped and the end of the current byte transfer in order to reduce power consumption.This bit
is set and cleared by software.
0: SCI enabled
1: SCI prescaler and outputs disabled
Bit 4 = M Word length.
This bit determines the word length. It is set or
cleared by software.
0: 1 Start bit, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit
1: 1 Start bit, 9 Data bits, 1 Stop bit
Note: The M bit must not be modified during a data
transfer (both transmission and reception).
Bit 2 = PCE Parity control enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software. It selects
the hardware parity control (generation and detection for byte parity, detection only for LIN parity).
0: Parity control disabled
1: Parity control enabled
Bit 1 = PS Parity selection.
This bit selects the odd or even parity when the
parity generation/detection is enabled (PCE bit
set). It is set and cleared by software. The parity
will be selected after the current byte.
0: Even parity
1: Odd parity
Bit 0 = PIE Parity interrupt enable.
This bit enables the interrupt capability of the hardware parity control when a parity error is detected
(PE bit set). The parity error involved can be a byte
parity error (if bit PCE is set and bit LPE is reset) or
a LIN parity error (if bit PCE is set and bit LPE is
set).
0: Parity error interrupt disabled
1: Parity error interrupt enabled
99/167
1
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
CONTROL REGISTER 2 (SCICR2)
1: Receiver is enabled and begins searching for a
Read/Write
start bit
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00 h)
Bit 1 = RWU Receiver wake-up.
7
0
This bit determines if the SCI is in mute mode or
not. It is set and cleared by software and can be
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU1) SBK1)
cleared by hardware when a wake-up sequence is
recognized.
1)
0: Receiver in active mode
This bit has a different function in LIN mode, please
1: Receiver in mute mode
refer to the LIN mode register description.
Notes:
Bit 7 = TIE Transmitter interrupt enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
– Before selecting Mute mode (by setting the RWU
0: Interrupt is inhibited
bit) the SCI must first receive a data byte, other1: In SCI interrupt is generated whenever TDRE=1
wise it cannot function in Mute mode with wakein the SCISR register
up by Idle line detection.
– In Address Mark Detection Wake-Up configuraBit 6 = TCIE Transmission complete interrupt enation (WAKE bit=1) the RWU bit cannot be modible
fied by software while the RDRF bit is set.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Interrupt is inhibited
Bit 0 = SBK Send break.
1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever TC=1 in
This bit set is used to send break characters. It is
the SCISR register
set and cleared by software.
0: No break character is transmitted
Bit 5 = RIE Receiver interrupt enable.
1: Break characters are transmitted
This bit is set and cleared by software.
Note: If the SBK bit is set to “1” and then to “0”, the
0: Interrupt is inhibited
transmitter will send a BREAK word at the end of
1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever OR=1
the current word.
or RDRF=1 in the SCISR register
Bit 4 = ILIE Idle line interrupt enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: Interrupt is inhibited
1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever IDLE=1
in the SCISR register.
Bit 3 = TE Transmitter enable.
This bit enables the transmitter. It is set and
cleared by software.
0: Transmitter is disabled
1: Transmitter is enabled
Notes:
– During transmission, a “0” pulse on the TE bit
(“0” followed by “1”) sends a preamble (idle line)
after the current word.
– When TE is set there is a 1 bit-time delay before
the transmission starts.
Bit 2 = RE Receiver enable.
This bit enables the receiver. It is set and cleared
by software.
0: Receiver is disabled in the SCISR register
100/167
1
DATA REGISTER (SCIDR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: Undefined
Contains the Received or Transmitted data character, depending on whether it is read from or written to.
7
DR7
0
DR6
DR5
DR4
DR3
DR2
DR1
DR0
The Data register performs a double function (read
and write) since it is composed of two registers,
one for transmission (TDR) and one for reception
(RDR).
The TDR register provides the parallel interface
between the internal bus and the output shift register (see Figure 54).
The RDR register provides the parallel interface
between the input shift register and the internal
bus (see Figure 54).
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
BAUD RATE REGISTER (SCIBRR)
TR dividing factor
Read/Write
1
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
SCP1
SCP0
SCT2
SCT1
SCT0
SCR2
SCR1 SCR0
Note: When LIN slave mode is disabled, the SCIBRR register controls the conventional baud rate
generator.
Bit 7:6= SCP[1:0] First SCI Prescaler
These 2 prescaling bits allow several standard
clock division ranges:
PR Prescaling factor
SCP1
SCP0
1
0
0
3
0
1
4
1
0
13
1
1
Bit 5:3 = SCT[2:0] SCI Transmitter rate divisor
These 3 bits, in conjunction with the SCP1 & SCP0
bits define the total division applied to the bus
clock to yield the transmit rate clock in conventional Baud Rate Generator mode.
SCT2
SCT1
SCT0
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
0
1
0
8
0
1
1
16
1
0
0
32
1
0
1
64
1
1
0
128
1
1
1
Bit 2:0 = SCR[2:0] SCI Receiver rate divider.
These 3 bits, in conjunction with the SCP[1:0] bits
define the total division applied to the bus clock to
yield the receive rate clock in conventional Baud
Rate Generator mode.
RR dividing factor
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
0
1
0
8
0
1
1
16
1
0
0
32
1
0
1
64
1
1
0
128
1
1
1
101/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (SCI Mode) (Cont’d)
EXTENDED RECEIVE PRESCALER DIVISION
EXTENDED TRANSMIT PRESCALER DIVISION
REGISTER (SCIERPR)
REGISTER (SCIETPR)
Read/Write
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00 h)
Reset Value:0000 0000 (00 h)
7
0
ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR ERPR
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Bit 7:0 = ERPR[7:0] 8-bit Extended Receive Prescaler Register.
The extended Baud Rate Generator is activated
when a value other than 00h is stored in this register. The clock frequency from the 16 divider (see
Figure 56) is divided by the binary factor set in the
SCIERPR register (in the range 1 to 255).
The extended baud rate generator is not active after a reset.
102/167
7
ETPR
7
0
ETPR
6
ETPR
5
ETPR
4
ETPR
3
ETPR
2
ETPR ETPR
1
0
Bit 7:0 = ETPR[7:0] 8-bit Extended Transmit Prescaler Register.
The extended Baud Rate Generator is activated
when a value other than 00h is stored in this register. The clock frequency from the 16 divider (see
Figure 56) is divided by the binary factor set in the
SCIETPR register (in the range 1 to 255).
The extended baud rate generator is not active after a reset.
Note: In LIN slave mode, the Conventional and
Extended Baud Rate Generators are disabled.
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode)
11.5.9 LIN Mode - Functional Description.
Slave
The block diagram of the Serial Control Interface,
Set the LSLV bit in the SCICR3 register to enter
in LIN slave mode is shown in Figure 58.
LIN slave mode. In this case, setting the SBK bit
will have no effect.
It uses 6 registers:
In LIN Slave mode the LIN baud rate generator is
– Three control registers: SCICR1, SCICR2 and
selected instead of the Conventional or Extended
SCICR3
Prescaler. The LIN baud rate generator is com– Two status registers: the SCISR register and the
mon to the transmitter and the receiver.
LHLR register mapped at the SCIERPR address
Then the baud rate can be programmed using
– A baud rate register: LPR mapped at the SCILPR and LPRF registers.
BRR address and an associated fraction register
Note: It is mandatory to set the LIN configuration
LPFR mapped at the SCIETPR address
first before programming LPR and LPRF, because
The bits dedicated to LIN are located in the
the LIN configuration uses a different baud rate
SCICR3. Refer to the register descriptions in Secgenerator from the standard one.
tion 11.5.10for the definitions of each bit.
11.5.9.1 Entering LIN Mode
11.5.9.2 LIN Transmission
To use the LINSCI in LIN mode the following conIn LIN mode the same procedure as in SCI mode
figuration must be set in SCICR3 register:
has to be applied for a LIN transmission.
– Clear the M bit to configure 8-bit word length.
To transmit the LIN Header the proceed as fol– Set the LINE bit.
lows:
Master
– First set the SBK bit in the SCICR2 register to
start transmitting a 13-bit LIN Synch Break
To enter master mode the LSLV bit must be reset
In this case, setting the SBK bit will send 13 low
– reset the SBK bit
bits.
– Load the LIN Synch Field (0x55) in the SCIDR
Then the baud rate can programmed using the
register to request Synch Field transmission
SCIBRR, SCIERPR and SCIETPR registers.
– Wait until the SCIDR is empty (TDRE bit set in
In LIN master mode, the Conventional and / or Exthe SCISR register)
tended Prescaler define the baud rate (as in stand– Load the LIN message Identifier in the SCIDR
ard SCI mode)
register to request Identifier transmission.
103/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
Figure 57. LIN characters
8-bit Word length (M bit is reset)
Next Data Character
Data Character
Next
Start
Start
Stop
Bit
Bit Bit0 Bit1 Bit2 Bit3 Bit4 Bit5 Bit6 Bit7 Bit
Start
Bit
Idle Line
LIN Synch Field
LIN Synch Break = 13 low bits
LIN Synch Field
Next
Start
Start
Stop
Bit Bit0 Bit1 Bit2 Bit3 Bit4 Bit5 Bit6 Bit7 Bit
Bit
Measurement for baud rate autosynchronization
104/167
Extra Start
’1’ Bit
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
Figure 58. SCI Block Diagram in LIN Slave Mode
Write
Read
(DATA REGISTER) SCIDR
Received Data Register (RDR)
Transmit Data Register (TDR)
TDO
Receive Shift Register
Transmit Shift Register
RDI
SCICR1
R8
TRANSMIT
WAKE
UP
CONTROL
UNIT
T8 SCID M
WAKE PCE
PS
PIE
RECEIVER
CONTROL
RECEIVER
CLOCK
SCISR
SCICR2
TIE TCIE RIE ILIE
TE
RE RWU SBK
OR/
TDRE TC RDRF IDLE
LHE NF
FE
PE
SCI
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
TRANSMITTER
CLOCK
fCPU
SCICR3
LIN SLAVE BAUD RATE
AUTO SYNCHRONIZATION
UNIT
LDUM LINE LSLV LASE LHDM LHIE LHDF LSF
SCIBRR
LPR7
LPR0
CONVENTIONAL BAUD RATE
GENERATOR
+
EXTENDED PRESCALER
fCPU
/ LDIV
/16
0
1
LIN SLAVE BAUD RATE GENERATOR
105/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.9.3 LIN Reception
Note:
In LIN mode the reception of a byte is the same as
In LIN slave mode, the FE bit detects all frame error which does not correspond to a break.
in SCI mode but the LINSCI has features for handling the LIN Header automatically (identifier deIdentifier Detection (LHDM = 1):
tection) or semiautomatically (Synch Break detecThis case is the same as the previous one except
tion) depending on the LIN Header detection
that the LHDF and the RDRF flags are set only afmode. The detection mode is selected by the
ter the entire header has been received (this is
LHDM bit in the SCICR3.
true whether automatic resynchronization is enaAdditionally, an automatic resynchronization feabled or not). This indicates that the LIN Identifier is
ture can be activated to compensate for any clock
available in the SCIDR register.
deviation, for more details please refer to Section
Notes:
11.5.9.5 LIN Baudrate.
During LIN Synch Field measurement, the SCI
LIN Header Handling by a Slave
state machine is switched off: no characters are
Depending on the LIN Header detection method
transferred to the data register.
the LINSCI will signal the detection of a LIN HeadLIN Slave parity
er after the LIN Synch Break or after the Identifier
has been successfully received.
In LIN Slave mode (LINE and LSLV bits are set)
LIN parity checking can be enabled by setting the
Note:
PCE bit.
It is recommended to combine the Header detecIn this case, the parity bits of the LIN Identifier
tion function with Mute mode. Putting the LINSCI
Field are checked. The identifier character is recin Mute mode allows the detection of Headers only
ognised as the 3rd received character after a break
and prevents the reception of any other characcharacter (included):
ters.
This mode can be used to wait for the next Header
parity bits
without being interrupted by the data bytes of the
current message in case this message is not relevant for the application.
Synch Break Detection (LHDM = 0):
When a LIN Synch Break is received:
LIN Synch
LIN Synch
Identifier
Field
Break
Field
– The RDRF bit in the SCISR register is set. It indicates that the content of the shift register is
transferred to the SCIDR register, a value of
0x00 is expected for a Break.
The bits involved are the two MSB positions (7th
and 8th bits if M=0; 8th and 9th bits if M=0) of the
– The LHDF flag in the SCICR3 register indicates
identifier character. The check is performed as
that a LIN Synch Break Field has been detected.
specified by the LIN specification:
– An interrupt is generated if the LHIE bit in the
SCICR3 register is set and the I[1:0] bits are
cleared in the CCR register.
parity bits stop bit
start bit
– Then the LIN Synch Field is received and measidentifier bits
ured.
ID0 ID1 ID2 ID3 ID4 ID5 P0 P1
– If automatic resynchronization is enabled (LASE bit = 1), the LIN Synch Field is not transIdentifier Field
ferred to the shift register: there is no need to
clear the RDRF bit.
P0 = ID0 ⊕ ID1 ⊕ ID2 ⊕ ID4
M=0
– If automatic resynchronization is disabled (LAP1 = ID1 ⊕ ID3 ⊕ ID4 ⊕ ID5
SE bit =0), the LIN Synch Field is received as
a normal character and transferred to the
SCIDR register and RDRF is set.
106/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.9.4 LIN Error Detection
edge of the Synch Field. Let’s refer to this period
deviation as D:
LIN Header Error Flag
If the LHE flag is set, it means that:
The LIN Header Error Flag indicates that an invalid
D > 15.625%
LIN Header has been detected.
When a LIN Header Error occurs:
If LHE flag is not set, it means that:
– The LHE flag is set
D < 16.40625%
– An interrupt is generated if the RIE bit is set and
If 15.625% ≤ D < 16.40625%, then the flag can
the I[1:0] bits are cleared in the CCR register.
be either set or reset depending on the dephasing between the signal on the RDI line and the
If autosynchronization is enabled (LASE bit =1),
CPU clock.
this can mean that the LIN Synch Field is corrupted, and that the SCI is in a blocked state (LSF bit is
– The second check is based on the measurement
set). The only way to recover is to reset the LSF bit
of each bit time between both edges of the Synch
and then to clear the LHE bit.
Field: this checks that each of these bit times is
large enough compared to the bit time of the cur– The LHE bit is reset by an access to the SCISR
rent
baud rate.
register followed by a read of the SCIDR register.
When
LHE is set due to this error then the SCI
LHE/OVR Error Conditions
goes into a blocked state (LSF bit is set).
When Auto Resynchronization is disabled (LASE
LIN Header Time-out Error
bit =0), the LHE flag detects:
When the LIN Identifier Field Detection Method is
– That the received LIN Synch Field is not equal to
used (by configuring LHDM to 1) or when LIN
55h.
auto-resynchronization is enabled (LASE bit=1),
– That an overrun occurred (as in standard SCI
the
LINSCI
automatically
monitors
the
mode)
THEADER_MAX condition given by the LIN protocol.
– Furthermore, if LHDM is set it also detects that a
If the entire Header (up to and including the STOP
LIN Header Reception Timeout occurred (only if
bit of the LIN Identifier Field) is not received within
LHDM is set).
the maximum time limit of 57 bit times then a LIN
Header Error is signalled and the LHE bit is set in
When the LIN auto-resynchronization is enabled
the SCISR register.
(LASE bit=1), the LHE flag detects:
– That the deviation error on the Synch Field is
outside the LIN specification which allows up to
+/-15.5% of period deviation between the slave
and master oscillators.
– A LIN Header Reception Timeout occurred.
If THEADER > THEADER_MAX then the LHE flag is
set. Refer to Figure 59. (only if LHDM is set to 1)
– An overflow during the Synch Field Measurement, which leads to an overflow of the divider
registers. If LHE is set due to this error then the
SCI goes into a blocked state (LSF bit is set).
– That an overrun occurred on Fields other than
the Synch Field (as in standard SCI mode)
Deviation Error on the Synch Field
The deviation error is checking by comparing the
current baud rate (relative to the slave oscillator)
with the received LIN Synch Field (relative to the
master oscillator). Two checks are performed in
parallel:
– The first check is based on a measurement between the first falling edge and the last falling
Figure 59. LIN Header Reception Timeout
LIN Synch
Break
LIN Synch
Field
Identifier
Field
THEADER
The time-out counter is enabled at each break detection. It is stopped in the following conditions:
- A LIN Identifier Field has been received
- An LHE error occurred (other than a timeout error).
- A software reset of LSF bit (transition from high to
low) occurred during the analysis of the LIN Synch
Field or
If LHE bit is set due to this error during the LIN
Synchr Field (if LASE bit = 1) then the SCI goes
into a blocked state (LSF bit is set).
107/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
If LHE bit is set due to this error during Fields other
LIN Header Length
than LIN Synch Field or if LASE bit is reset then
Even if no timeout occurs on the LIN Header, it is
the current received Header is discarded and the
possible to have access to the effective LIN headSCI searches for a new Break Field.
er Length (THEADER) through the LHL register.
Note on LIN Header Time-out Limit
This allows monitoring at software level the
TFRAME_MAX condition given by the LIN protocol.
According to the LIN specification, the maximum
This feature is only available when LHDM bit =1 or
length of a LIN Header which does not cause a
when LASE bit =1.
timeout is equal to 1.4*(34 + 1) = 49 TBIT_MASTER.
TBIT_MASTER refers to the master baud rate.
Mute Mode and Errors
When checking this timeout, the slave node is deIn mute mode when LHDM bit =1, if an LHE error
synchronized for the reception of the LIN Break
occurs during the analysis of the LIN Synch Field
and Synch fields. Consequently, a margin must be
or if a LIN Header Time-out occurs then the LHE
allowed, taking into account the worst case: this
bit is set but it doesn’t wake up from mute mode. In
occurs when the LIN identifier lasts exactly 10
this case, the current header analysis is discarded.
TBIT_MASTER periods. In this case, the LIN Break
If needed, the software has to reset LSF bit. Then
and Synch fields last 49-10 = 39TBIT_MASTER perithe SCI searches for a new LIN header.
ods.
In mute mode, if a framing error occurs on a data
Assuming the slave measures these first 39 bits
(which is not a break), it is discarded and the FE bit
with a desynchronized clock of 15.5%. This leads
is not set.
to a maximum allowed Header Length of:
When LHDM bit =1, any LIN header which re39 x (1/0.845) TBIT_MASTER + 10TBIT_MASTER
spects the following conditions causes a wake up
from mute mode:
= 56.15 TBIT_SLAVE
- A valid LIN Break Field (at least 11 dominant bits
A margin is provided so that the time-out occurs
followed by a recessive bit)
when the header length is greater than 57
- A valid LIN Synch Field (without deviation error)
TBIT_SLAVE periods. If it is less than or equal to 57
TBIT_SLAVE periods, then no timeout occurs.
- A LIN Identifier Field without framing error. Note
that a LIN parity error on the LIN Identifier Field
does not prevent wake up from mute mode.
- No LIN Header Time-out should occur during
Header reception.
Figure 60. LIN Synch Field Measurement
tCPU = CPU period
tBR = 16.LP.tCPU
tBR = Baud Rate period
SM=Synch Measurement Register (15 bits)
tBR
LIN Synch Field
Next
LIN Synch Break
Start
Start
Extra
Stop
Bit Bit0 Bit1 Bit2 Bit3 Bit4 Bit5 Bit6 Bit7 Bit
Bit
’1’
Measurement = 8.TBR = SM.tCPU
LPR(n+1)
LPR(n)
LPR = tBR / (16.tCPU) = Rounding (SM / 128)
108/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.9.5 LIN Baudrate
mitter are both set to the same value, depending
on the LIN Slave baud rate generator:
Baud rate programming is done by writing a value
in the LPR prescaler or performing an automatic
resynchronization as described below.
fCPU
Automatic Resynchronization
Tx = Rx =
(16*LDIV)
To automatically adjust the baud rate based on
measurement of the LIN Synch Field:
with:
– Write the nominal LIN Prescaler value (usually
LDIV is an unsigned fixed point number. The mandepending on the nominal baud rate) in the
tissa is coded on 8 bits in the LPR register and the
LPFR / LPR registers.
fraction is coded on 4 bits in the LPFR register.
– Set the LASE bit to enable the Auto SynchroniIf LASE bit = 1 then LDIV is automatically updated
zation Unit.
at the end of each LIN Synch Field.
When Auto Synchronization is enabled, after each
Three registers are used internally to manage the
LIN Synch Break, the time duration between 5 fallauto-update of the LIN divider (LDIV):
ing edges on RDI is sampled on fCPU and the re- LDIV_NOM (nominal value written by software at
sult of this measurement is stored in an internal
LPR/LPFR addresses)
15-bit register called SM (not user accessible)
(See Figure 60). Then the LDIV value (and its as- LDIV_MEAS (results of the Field Synch meassociated LPFR and LPR registers) are automatiurement)
cally updated at the end of the fifth falling edge.
- LDIV (used to generate the local baud rate)
During LIN Synch field measurement, the SCI
The control and interactions of these registers is
state machine is stopped and no data is transexplained in Figure 61 and Figure 62. It depends
ferred to the data register.
on the LDUM bit setting (LIN Divider Update Meth11.5.9.6 LIN Slave Baud Rate Generation
od)
In LIN mode, transmission and reception are drivNote:
en by the LIN baud rate generator
As explained in Figure 61 and Figure 62, LDIV
Note: LIN Master mode uses the Extended or
can be updated by two concurrent actions: a
Conventional prescaler register to generate the
transfer from LDIV_MEAS at the end of the LIN
baud rate.
Sync Field and a transfer from LDIV_NOM due
If LINE bit = 1 and LSLV bit = 1 then the Convento a software write of LPR. If both operations
tional and Extended Baud Rate Generators are
occur at the same time, the transfer from
disabled: the baud rate for the receiver and transLDIV_NOM has priority.
109/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
Figure 61. LDIV Read / Write operations when LDUM=0
Write LPR
Write LPFR
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0)
LDIV_NOM
LIN Sync Field
Measurement
Write LPR
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0) LDIV_MEAS
Update
at end of
Synch Field
Baud Rate
Generarion
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0) LDIV
Read LPR
Read LPFR
Figure 62. LDIV Read / Write operations when LDUM=1
Write LPR
Write LPFR
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0)
LDIV_NOM
LIN Sync Field
Measurement
RDRF=1
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0) LDIV_MEAS
Update
at end of
Synch Field
MANT(7:0) FRAC(3:0) LDIV
Read LPR
110/167
Read LPFR
Baud Rate
Generarion
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.9.7 LINSCI Clock Tolerance
Consequently, the clock frequency should not vary
more than 6/16 (37.5%) within one bit.
LINSCI Clock Tolerance when unsynchronized
The sampling clock is resynchronized at each start
When LIN slaves are unsynchronized (meaning no
bit, so that when receiving 10 bits (one start bit, 1
characters have been transmitted for a relatively
data byte, 1 stop bit), the clock deviation should
long time), the maximum tolerated deviation of the
not exceed 3.75%.
LINSCI clock is +/-15%.
11.5.9.8 Clock Deviation Causes
If the deviation is within this range then the LIN
The causes which contribute to the total deviation
Synch Break is detected properly when a new reception occurs.
are:
This is made possible by the fact that masters
– DTRA: Deviation due to transmitter error.
Note: the transmitter can be either a master or
send 13 low bits for the LIN Synch Break, which
a slave (in case of a slave listening to the recan be interpreted as 11 low bits (13 bits -15% =
sponse of another slave).
11.05) by a “fast” slave and then considered as a
LIN Synch Break. According to the LIN specifica– DMEAS: Error due to the LIN Synch measuretion, a LIN Synch Break is valid when its duration
ment performed by the receiver.
is greater than tSBRKTS = 10. This means that the
– DQUANT: Error due to the baud rate quantisaLIN Synch Break must last at least 11 low bits.
tion of the receiver.
Note: If the period desynchronization of the slave
–
DREC: Deviation of the local oscillator of the
is +15% (slave too slow), the character “00h”
receiver:
This deviation can occur during the
which represents a sequence of 9 low bits must
reception
of one complete LIN message asnot be interpreted as a break character (9 bits +
suming that the deviation has been compen15% = 10.35). Consequently, a valid LIN Synch
sated at the beginning of the message.
break must last at least 11 low bits.
–
DTCL: Deviation due to the transmission line
LINSCI Clock Tolerance when Synchronized
(generally due to the transceivers)
When synchronization has been performed, folAll the deviations of the system should be added
lowing reception of a LIN Synch Break, the LINSand compared to the LINSCI clock tolerance:
CI, in LIN mode, has the same clock deviation tolDTRA + DMEAS +DQUANT + DREC + DTCL < 3.75%
erance as in SCI mode, which is explained below:
During reception, each bit is oversampled 16
times. The mean of the 8th, 9thand 10th samples is
considered as the bit value.
Figure 63. Bit Sampling in Reception Mode
RDI LINE
sampled values
Sample
clock
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
6/16
7/16
7/16
One bit time
111/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.9.9 Error due to LIN Synch measurement
Consequently, at a given CPU frequency, the
maximum possible nominal baud rate (LPRMIN)
The LIN Synch Field is measured over eight bit
should
be chosen with respect to the maximum toltimes.
erated deviation given by the equation:
This measurement is performed using a counter
DTRA + 2 / (128*LDIVMIN) + 1 / (2*16*LDIVMIN)
clocked by the CPU clock. The edge detections
+ DREC + DTCL < 3.75%
are performed using the CPU clock cycle.
This leads to a precision of 2 CPU clock cycles for
the measurement which lasts 16*8*LDIV clock cyExample:
cles.
A nominal baud rate of 20Kbits/s at TCPU = 125ns
Consequently, this error (DMEAS) is equal to:
(8MHz) leads to LDIVNOM = 25d.
2 / (128*LDIVMIN).
LDIVMIN = 25 - 0.15*25 = 21.25
LDIVMIN corresponds to the minimum LIN prescalDMEAS = 2 / (128*LDIVMIN) * 100 = 0.00073%
er content, leading to the maximum baud rate, takDQUANT = 1 / (2*16*LDIVMIN) * 100 = 0.0015%
ing into account the maximum deviation of +/-15%.
11.5.9.10 Error due to Baud Rate Quantisation
The baud rate can be adjusted in steps of 1 / (16 *
LDIV). The worst case occurs when the “real”
baud rate is in the middle of the step.
This leads to a quantization error (DQUANT) equal
to 1 / (2*16*LDIVMIN).
11.5.9.11 Impact of Clock Deviation on
Maximum Baud Rate
The choice of the nominal baud rate (LDIVNOM)
will influence both the quantisation error (DQUANT)
and the measurement error (DMEAS). The worst
case occurs for LDIVMIN.
112/167
LIN Slave systems
For LIN Slave systems (the LINE and LSLV bits
are set), receivers wake up by LIN Synch Break or
LIN Identifier detection (depending on the LHDM
bit).
Hot Plugging Feature for LIN Slave Nodes
In LIN Slave Mute Mode (the LINE, LSLV and
RWU bits are set) it is possible to hot plug to a network during an ongoing communication flow. In
this case the SCI monitors the bus on the RDI line
until 11 consecutive dominant bits have been detected and discards all the other bits received.
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
11.5.10 LIN Mode Register Description
framing error is detected (if the stop bit is dominant
(0) and at least one of the other bits is recessive
STATUS REGISTER (SCISR)
(1). It is not set when a break occurs, the LHDF bit
Read Only
is used instead as a break flag (if the LHDM bit=0).
Reset Value: 1100 0000 (C0h)
It is cleared by a software sequence (an access to
the SCISR register followed by a read to the
7
0
SCIDR register).
0: No Framing error
TDRE
TC
RDRF IDLE
LHE
NF
FE
PE
1: Framing error detected
Bits 7:4 = Same function as in SCI mode, please
refer to Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description.
Bit 3 = LHE LIN Header Error.
During LIN Header this bit signals three error
types:
– The LIN Synch Field is corrupted and the SCI is
blocked in LIN Synch State (LSF bit=1).
– A timeout occurred during LIN Header reception
– An overrun error was detected on one of the
header field (see OR bit description in Section
11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description)).
An interrupt is generated if RIE=1 in the SCICR2
register. If blocked in the LIN Synch State, the LSF
bit must first be reset (to exit LIN Synch Field state
and then to be able to clear LHE flag). Then it is
cleared by the following software sequence : an
access to the SCISR register followed by a read to
the SCIDR register.
0: No LIN Header error
1: LIN Header error detected
Note:
Apart from the LIN Header this bit signals an Overrun Error as in SCI mode, (see description in Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description)
Bit 2 = NF Noise flag
In LIN Master mode (LINE bit = 1 and LSLV bit = 0)
this bit has the same function as in SCI mode,
please refer to Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register
Description
In LIN Slave mode (LINE bit = 1 and LSLV bit = 1)
this bit has no meaning.
Bit 0 = PE Parity error.
This bit is set by hardware when a LIN parity error
occurs (if the PCE bit is set) in receiver mode. It is
cleared by a software sequence (a read to the status register followed by an access to the SCIDR
data register). An interrupt is generated if PIE=1 in
the SCICR1 register.
0: No LIN parity error
1: LIN Parity error detected
CONTROL REGISTER 1 (SCICR1)
Read/Write
Reset Value: x000 0000 (x0h)
7
R8
0
T8
SCID
M
WAKE
PCE
PS
PIE
Bits 7:3 = Same function as in SCI mode, please
refer to Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description.
Bit 2 = PCE Parity control enable.
This bit is set and cleared by software. It selects
the hardware parity control for LIN identifier parity
check.
0: Parity control disabled
1: Parity control enabled
When a parity error occurs, the PE bit in the
SCISR register is set.
Bit 1 = Reserved
Bit 0 = Same function as in SCI mode, please refer
to Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description.
Bit 1 = Bit 1 = FE Framing error.
In LIN slave mode, this bit is set only when a real
113/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
CONTROL REGISTER 2 (SCICR2)
1: LDIV is updated at the next received character
Read/Write
(when RDRF=1) after a write to the LPR register
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00 h)
Notes:
7
0
- If no write to LPR is performed between the setting of LDUM bit and the reception of the next
character, LDIV will be updated with the old value.
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU SBK
- After LDUM has been set, it is possible to reset
the LDUM bit by software. In this case, LDIV can
Bits 7:2 Same function as in SCI mode, please rebe modified by writing into LPR / LPFR registers.
fer to Section 11.5.8 SCI Mode Register Description.
Bit 1 = RWU Receiver wake-up.
This bit determines if the SCI is in mute mode or
not. It is set and cleared by software and can be
cleared by hardware when a wake-up sequence is
recognized.
0: Receiver in active mode
1: Receiver in mute mode
Notes:
– Mute mode is recommended for detecting only
the Header and avoiding the reception of any
other characters. For more details please refer to
Section 11.5.9.3 LIN Reception.
– In LIN slave mode, when RDRF is set, the software can not set or clear the RWU bit.
Bit 0 = SBK Send break.
This bit set is used to send break characters. It is
set and cleared by software.
0: No break character is transmitted
1: Break characters are transmitted
Note: If the SBK bit is set to “1” and then to “0”, the
transmitter will send a BREAK word at the end of
the current word.
CONTROL REGISTER 3 (SCICR3)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
LDUM LINE
0
LSLV
LASE
LHDM
LHIE LHDF
LSF
Bit 7= LDUM LIN Divider Update Method.
This bit is set and cleared by software and is also
cleared by hardware (when RDRF=1). It is only
used in LIN Slave mode. It determines how the LIN
Divider can be updated by software.
0: LDIV is updated as soon as LPR is written (if no
Auto Synchronization update occurs at the
same time).
114/167
Bit 6:5 = LINE, LSLV LIN Mode Enable Bits.
These bits configure the LIN mode:
LINE
LSLV
Meaning
0
x
LIN mode disabled
1
0
LIN Master Mode
1
1
LIN Slave Mode
The LIN Master configuration enables:
The capability to send LIN Synch Breaks (13 low
bits) using the SBK bit in the SCICR2 register.
The LIN Slave configuration enables:
– The LIN Slave Baud Rate generator. The LIN
Divider (LDIV) is then represented by the LPR
and LPFR registers. The LPR and LPFR registers are read/write accessible at the address
of the SCIBRR register and the address of the
SCIETPR register
– Management of LIN Headers.
– LIN Synch Break detection (11-bit dominant).
– LIN Wake-Up method (see LHDM bit) instead
of the normal SCI Wake-Up method.
– Inhibition of Break transmission capability
(SBK has no effect)
– LIN Parity Checking (in conjunction with the
PCE bit)
Bit 4 = LASE LIN Auto Synch Enable.
This bit enables the Auto Synch Unit (ASU). It is
set and cleared by software. It is only usable in LIN
Slave mode.
0: Auto Synch Unit disabled
1: Auto Synch Unit enabled.
Bit 3 = LHDM LIN Header Detection Method
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is only usable in LIN Slave mode. It enables the Header Detection Method. In addition if the RWU bit in the
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
SCICR2 register is set, the LHDM bit selects the
Figure 64. LSF bit set and clear
Wake-Up method (replacing the WAKE bit).
11 dominant bits
parity bits
0: LIN Synch Break Detection Method
1: LIN Identifier Field Detection Method
LSF bit
Bit 2 = LHIE LIN Header Interrupt Enable
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is only usable in LIN Slave mode.
0: LIN Header Interrupt is inhibited.
1: An SCI interrupt is generated whenever
LHDF=1.
Bit 1= LHDF LIN Header Detection Flag
This bit is set by hardware when a LIN Header is
detected and cleared by a software sequence (an
access to the SCISR register followed by a read of
the SCICR3 register). It is only usable in LIN Slave
mode.
0: No LIN Header detected.
1: LIN Header detected.
Notes: The header detection method depends on
the LHDM bit:
– If LHDM=0, a header is detected as a LIN
Synch Break.
– If LHDM=1, a header is detected as a LIN
Identifier, meaning that a LIN Synch Break
Field + a LIN Synch Field + a LIN Identifier
Field have been consecutively received.
Bit 0= LSF LIN Synch Field State
This bit indicates that the LIN Synch Field is being
analyzed. It is only used in LIN Slave mode. In
Auto Synchronization Mode (LASE bit=1), when
the SCI is in the LIN Synch Field State it waits or
counts the falling edges on the RDI line.
It is set by hardware as soon as a LIN Synch Break
is detected and cleared by hardware when the LIN
Synch Field analysis is finished (See Figure 64).
This bit can also be cleared by software to exit LIN
Synch State and return to idle mode.
0: The current character is not the LIN Synch Field
1: LIN Synch Field State (LIN Synch Field undergoing analysis)
LIN Synch
Break
LIN Synch
Field
Identifier
Field
LIN DIVIDER REGISTERS
LDIV is coded using the two registers LPR and LPFR. In LIN Slave mode, the LPR register is accessible at the address of the SCIBRR register and
the LPFR register is accessible at the address of
the SCIETPR register.
LIN PRESCALER REGISTER (LPR)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
LPR7
0
LPR6
LPR5
LPR4
LPR3
LPR2
LPR1
LPR0
LPR[7:0] LIN Prescaler (mantissa of LDIV)
These 8 bits define the value of the mantissa of the
LIN Divider (LDIV):
LPR[7:0]
Rounded Mantissa (LDIV)
00h
SCI clock disabled
01h
1
...
...
FEh
254
FFh
255
Caution: LPR and LPFR registers have different
meanings when reading or writing to them. Consequently bit manipulation instructions (BRES or
BSET) should never be used to modify the
LPR[7:0] bits, or the LPFR[3:0] bits.
115/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
LIN PRESCALER FRACTION REGISTER
will effectively update LDIV and so the clock gen(LPFR)
eration.
Read/Write
2. In LIN Slave mode, if the LPR[7:0] register is
Reset Value: 00 00 0000 (00h)
equal to 00h, the transceiver and receiver input
clocks are switched off.
7
0
0
0
0
0
LPFR
3
LPFR
2
LPFR
1
LPFR
0
Bits 7:4= Reserved.
Bits 3:0 = LPFR[3:0] Fraction of LDIV
These 4 bits define the fraction of the LIN Divider
(LDIV):
LPFR[3:0]
Fraction (LDIV)
0h
0
1h
1/16
...
...
Eh
14/16
Fh
15/16
1. When initializing LDIV, the LPFR register must
be written first. Then, the write to the LPR register
116/167
Examples of LDIV coding:
Example 1: LPR = 27d and LPFR = 12d
This leads to:
Mantissa (LDIV) = 27d
Fraction (LDIV) = 12/16 = 0.75d
Therefore LDIV = 27.75d
Example 2: LDIV = 25.62d
This leads to:
LPFR = rounded(16*0.62d)
= rounded(9.92d) = 10d = Ah
LPR = mantissa (25.620d) = 25d = 1Bh
Example 3: LDIV = 25.99d
This leads to:
LPFR = rounded(16*0.99d)
= rounded(15.84d) = 16d
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Mode) (Cont’d)
LIN HEADER LENGTH REGISTER (LHLR)
LHL[1:0]
Read Only
0h
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00 h).
7
0
LHL7
LHL6
LHL5
LHL4
LHL3
LHL2
LHL1
LHL0
Note: In LIN Slave mode when LASE = 1 or LHDM
= 1, the LHLR register is accessible at the address
of the SCIERPR register.
Otherwise this register is always read as 00h.
Bit 7:0 = LHL[7:0] LIN Header Length.
This is a read-only register, which is updated by
hardware if one of the following conditions occurs:
- After each break detection, it is loaded with
“FFh”.
- If a timeout occurs on THEADER, it is loaded with
00h.
- After every successful LIN Header reception (at
the same time than the setting of LHDF bit), it is
loaded with a value (LHL) which gives access to
the number of bit times of the LIN header length
(THEADER). The coding of this value is explained
below:
LHL Coding:
THEADER_MAX = 57
LHL(7:2) represents the mantissa of (57 - THEADER)
LHL(1:0) represents the fraction (57 - THEADER)
Mantissa
(57 - THEADER)
Mantissa
(THEADER)
0h
0
57
1h
1
56
LHL[7:2]
...
...
...
39h
56
1
3Ah
57
0
3Bh
58
Never Occurs
...
...
...
3Eh
62
Never Occurs
3Fh
63
Initial value
Fraction (57 - THEADER)
0
1h
1/4
2h
1/2
3h
3/4
Example of LHL coding:
Example 1: LHL = 33h = 001100 11b
LHL(7:3) = 1100b = 12d
LHL(1:0) = 11b = 3d
This leads to:
Mantissa (57 - THEADER) = 12d
Fraction (57 - THEADER) = 3/4 = 0.75
Therefore:
(57 - THEADER) = 12.75d
and THEADER = 44.25d
Example 2:
57 - THEADER = 36.21d
LHL(1:0) = rounded(4*0.21d) = 1d
LHL(7:2) = Mantissa (36.21d) = 36d = 24h
Therefore LHL(7:0) = 10010001 = 91h
Example 3:
57 - THEADER = 36.90d
LHL(1:0) = rounded(4*0.90d) = 4d
The carry must be propagated to the matissa :
LHL(7:2) = Mantissa (36.90d) + 1= 37d =
Therefore LHL(7:0) = 10110000= A0h
117/167
ST7LITE3
LINSCI™ SERIAL COMMUNICATION INTERFACE (LIN Master/Slave) (Cont’d)
Table 20. LINSCI1 Register Map and Reset Values
Addr.
(Hex.)
Register Name
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
40
SCISR
Reset Value
TDRE
1
TC
1
RDRF
0
IDLE
0
OR/LHE
0
NF
0
FE
0
PE
0
41
SCIDR
Reset Value
DR7
-
DR6
-
DR5
-
DR4
-
DR3
-
DR2
-
DR1
-
DR0
-
42
SCIBRR
LPR (LIN Slave Mode)
Reset Value
SCP1
LPR7
0
SCP0
LPR6
0
SCT2
LPR5
0
SCT1
LPR4
0
SCT0
LPR3
0
SCR2
LPR2
0
SCR1
LPR1
0
SCR0
LPR0
0
43
SCICR1
Reset Value
R8
x
T8
0
SCID
0
M
0
WAKE
0
PCE
0
PS
0
PIE
0
44
SCICR2
Reset Value
TIE
0
TCIE
0
RIE
0
ILIE
0
TE
0
RE
0
RWU
0
SBK
0
45
SCICR3
Reset Value
NP
0
LINE
0
LSLV
0
LASE
0
LHDM
0
LHIE
0
LHDF
0
LSF
0
46
SCIERPR
LHLR (LIN Slave Mode)
Reset Value
ERPR7
LHL7
0
ERPR6
LHL6
0
ERPR5
LHL5
0
ERPR4
LHL4
0
ERPR3
LHL3
0
ERPR2
LHL2
0
ERPR1
LHL1
0
ERPR0
LHL0
0
47
SCITPR
LPFR (LIN Slave Mode)
Reset Value
ETPR7
LDUM
0
ETPR6
0
0
ETPR5
0
0
ETPR4
0
0
ETPR3
LPFR3
0
ETPR2
LPFR2
0
ETPR1
LPFR1
0
ETPR0
LPFR0
0
118/167
ST7LITE3
11.6 10-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC)
11.6.1 Introduction
The on-chip Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) peripheral is a 10-bit, successive approximation converter with internal sample and hold circuitry. This
peripheral has up to 7 multiplexed analog input
channels (refer to device pin out description) that
allow the peripheral to convert the analog voltage
levels from up to 7 different sources.
The result of the conversion is stored in a 10-bit
Data Register. The A/D converter is controlled
through a Control/Status Register.
Data register (DR) which contains the results
Conversion complete status flag
■ On/off bit (to reduce consumption)
The block diagram is shown in Figure 65.
■
■
11.6.3 Functional Description
11.6.3.1 Analog Power Supply
VDDA and VSSA are the high and low level reference voltage pins. In some devices (refer to device
pin out description) they are internally connected
to the VDD and VSS pins.
Conversion accuracy may therefore be impacted
by voltage drops and noise in the event of heavily
loaded or badly decoupled power supply lines.
11.6.2 Main Features
■ 10-bit conversion
■ Up to 7 channels with multiplexed input
■ Linear successive approximation
Figure 65. ADC Block Diagram
fCPU
DIV 4
DIV 2
1
fADC
0
0
1
EOC SPEED ADON
SLOW
bit
0
0
CH2
CH1
ADCCSR
CH0
3
AIN0
HOLD CONTROL
RADC
AIN1
ANALOG TO DIGITAL
ANALOG
MUX
CONVERTER
CADC
AINx
ADCDRH
D9
D8
ADCDRL
D7
D6
0
D5
0
D4
0
D3
0
D2
SLOW
0
D1
D0
119/167
ST7LITE3
10-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d)
11.6.3.2 Digital A/D Conversion Result
The conversion is monotonic, meaning that the result never decreases if the analog input does not
and never increases if the analog input does not.
If the input voltage (VAIN) is greater than VDDA
(high-level voltage reference) then the conversion
result is FFh in the ADCDRH register and 03h in
the ADCDRL register (without overflow indication).
If the input voltage (VAIN) is lower than VSSA (lowlevel voltage reference) then the conversion result
in the ADCDRH and ADCDRL registers is 00 00h.
The A/D converter is linear and the digital result of
the conversion is stored in the ADCDRH and ADCDRL registers. The accuracy of the conversion is
described in the Electrical Characteristics Section.
RAIN is the maximum recommended impedance
for an analog input signal. If the impedance is too
high, this will result in a loss of accuracy due to
leakage and sampling not being completed in the
alloted time.
11.6.3.3 A/D Conversion
The analog input ports must be configured as input, no pull-up, no interrupt. Refer to the «I/O
ports» chapter. Using these pins as analog inputs
does not affect the ability of the port to be read as
a logic input.
In the ADCCSR register:
– Select the CS[2:0] bits to assign the analog
channel to convert.
ADC Conversion mode
In the ADCCSR register:
Set the ADON bit to enable the A/D converter and
to start the conversion. From this time on, the
ADC performs a continuous conversion of the
selected channel.
120/167
When a conversion is complete:
– The EOC bit is set by hardware.
– The result is in the ADCDR registers.
A read to the ADCDRH resets the EOC bit.
To read the 10 bits, perform the following steps:
1. Poll EOC bit
2. Read ADCDRL
3. Read ADCDRH. This clears EOC automatically.
To read only 8 bits, perform the following steps:
1. Poll EOC bit
2. Read ADCDRH. This clears EOC automatically.
11.6.4 Low Power Modes
Note: The A/D converter may be disabled by resetting the ADON bit. This feature allows reduced
power consumption when no conversion is needed and between single shot conversions.
Mode
WAIT
HALT
Description
No effect on A/D Converter
A/D Converter disabled.
After wakeup from Halt mode, the A/D
Converter requires a stabilization time
tSTAB (see Electrical Characteristics)
before accurate conversions can be
performed.
11.6.5 Interrupts
None.
ST7LITE3
10-BIT A/D CONVERTER (ADC) (Cont’d)
11.6.6 Register Description
CONTROL/STATUS REGISTER (ADCCSR)
Read / Write (Except bit 7 read only)
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
the device pinout description.
0
EOC SPEED ADON
0
0
CH2
CH1
CH0
Bit 7 = EOC End of Conversion
This bit is set by hardware. It is cleared by software reading the ADCDRH register.
0: Conversion is not complete
1: Conversion complete
Bit 6 = SPEED ADC clock selection
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is used
together with the SLOW bit to configure the ADC
clock speed. Refer to the table in the SLOW bit description.
Bit 5 = ADON A/D Converter on
This bit is set and cleared by software.
0: A/D converter is switched off
1: A/D converter is switched on
DATA REGISTER HIGH (ADCDRH)
Read Only
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
D9
0
D8
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
Bit 7:0 = D[9:2] MSB of Analog Converted Value
CONTROL AND DATA REGISTER LOW (ADCDRL)
Read / Write
Reset Value: 0000 0000 (00h)
7
0
0
0
0
0
SLOW
0
D1
D0
Bit 7:5 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 4 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 4:3 = Reserved. Must be kept cleared.
Bit 2:0 = CH[2:0] Channel Selection
These bits are set and cleared by software. They
select the analog input to convert.
Channel Pin*
CH2
CH1
CH0
AIN0
AIN1
AIN2
AIN3
AIN4
AIN5
AIN6
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
*The number of channels is device dependent. Refer to
Bit 3 = SLOW Slow mode
This bit is set and cleared by software. It is used
together with the SPEED bit to configure the ADC
clock speed as shown on the table below.
fADC
fCPU/2
fCPU
fCPU/4
SLOW SPEED
0
0
1
0
1
x
Bit 2 = Reserved. Forced by hardware to 0.
Bit 1:0 = D[1:0] LSB of Analog Converted Value
121/167
ST7LITE3
Table 21. ADC Register Map and Reset Values
Address
(Hex.)
Register
Label
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0034h
ADCCSR
Reset Value
EOC
0
SPEED
0
ADON
0
0
0
0
0
CH2
0
CH1
0
CH0
0
0035h
ADCDRH
Reset Value
D9
0
D8
0
D7
0
D6
0
D5
0
D4
0
D3
0
D2
0
0036h
ADCDRL
Reset Value
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SLOW
0
0
0
D1
0
D0
0
122/167
ST7LITE3
12 INSTRUCTION SET
12.1 ST7 ADDRESSING MODES
The ST7 Core features 17 different addressing
modes which can be classified in 7 main groups:
Addressing Mode
Example
Inherent
nop
Immediate
ld A,#$55
Direct
ld A,$55
Indexed
ld A,($55,X)
Indirect
ld A,([$55],X)
Relative
jrne loop
Bit operation
bset
byte,#5
The ST7 Instruction set is designed to minimize
the number of bytes required per instruction: To do
so, most of the addressing modes may be subdivided in two sub-modes called long and short:
– Long addressing mode is more powerful because it can use the full 64 Kbyte address space,
however it uses more bytes and more CPU cycles.
– Short addressing mode is less powerful because
it can generally only access page zero (0000h 00FFh range), but the instruction size is more
compact, and faster. All memory to memory instructions use short addressing modes only
(CLR, CPL, NEG, BSET, BRES, BTJT, BTJF,
INC, DEC, RLC, RRC, SLL, SRL, SRA, SWAP)
The ST7 Assembler optimizes the use of long and
short addressing modes.
Table 22. ST7 Addressing Mode Overview
Mode
Syntax
Destination/
Source
Pointer
Address
(Hex.)
Pointer
Size
(Hex.)
Length
(Bytes)
Inherent
nop
+0
Immediate
ld A,#$55
+1
Short
Direct
ld A,$10
00..FF
+1
Long
Direct
ld A,$1000
0000..FFFF
+2
No Offset
Direct
Indexed
ld A,(X)
00..FF
+ 0 (with X register)
+ 1 (with Y register)
Short
Direct
Indexed
ld A,($10,X)
00..1FE
+1
Long
Direct
Indexed
ld A,($1000,X)
0000..FFFF
Short
Indirect
ld A,[$10]
00..FF
00..FF
byte
+2
Long
Indirect
ld A,[$10.w]
0000..FFFF
00..FF
word
+2
Short
Indirect
Indexed
ld A,([$10],X)
00..1FE
00..FF
byte
+2
Long
Indirect
Indexed
ld A,([$10.w],X)
0000..FFFF
00..FF
word
+2
00..FF
byte
00..FF
byte
Relative
Direct
jrne loop
PC-128/PC+1271)
Relative
Indirect
jrne [$10]
PC-128/PC+1271)
Bit
Direct
bset $10,#7
00..FF
Bit
Indirect
bset [$10],#7
00..FF
Bit
Direct
Relative
btjt $10,#7,skip
00..FF
Bit
Indirect
Relative
btjt [$10],#7,skip 00..FF
+2
+1
+2
+1
+2
+2
00..FF
byte
+3
Note 1. At the time the instruction is executed, the Program Counter (PC) points to the instruction following JRxx.
123/167
ST7LITE3
ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d)
12.1.1 Inherent
All Inherent instructions consist of a single byte.
The opcode fully specifies all the required information for the CPU to process the operation.
Inherent Instruction
Function
NOP
No operation
TRAP
S/W Interrupt
WFI
Wait For Interrupt (Low Power
Mode)
HALT
Halt Oscillator (Lowest Power
Mode)
RET
Sub-routine Return
IRET
Interrupt Sub-routine Return
SIM
Set Interrupt Mask
RIM
Reset Interrupt Mask
SCF
Set Carry Flag
RCF
Reset Carry Flag
RSP
Reset Stack Pointer
LD
Load
CLR
Clear
PUSH/POP
Push/Pop to/from the stack
INC/DEC
Increment/Decrement
TNZ
Test Negative or Zero
CPL, NEG
1 or 2 Complement
MUL
Byte Multiplication
SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC,
RRC
Shift and Rotate Operations
SWAP
Swap Nibbles
12.1.2 Immediate
Immediate instructions have two bytes, the first
byte contains the opcode, the second byte contains the operand value.
Immediate Instruction
Function
LD
Load
CP
Compare
BCP
Bit Compare
AND, OR, XOR
Logical Operations
ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC
Arithmetic Operations
124/167
12.1.3 Direct
In Direct instructions, the operands are referenced
by their memory address.
The direct addressing mode consists of two submodes:
Direct (short)
The address is a byte, thus requires only one byte
after the opcode, but only allows 00 - FF addressing space.
Direct (long)
The address is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space, but requires 2 bytes after the opcode.
12.1.4 Indexed (No Offset, Short, Long)
In this mode, the operand is referenced by its
memory address, which is defined by the unsigned
addition of an index register (X or Y) with an offset.
The indirect addressing mode consists of three
sub-modes:
Indexed (No Offset)
There is no offset, (no extra byte after the opcode),
and allows 00 - FF addressing space.
Indexed (Short)
The offset is a byte, thus requires only one byte after the opcode and allows 00 - 1FE addressing
space.
Indexed (long)
The offset is a word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space and requires 2 bytes after the opcode.
12.1.5 Indirect (Short, Long)
The required data byte to do the operation is found
by its memory address, located in memory (pointer).
The pointer address follows the opcode. The indirect addressing mode consists of two sub-modes:
Indirect (short)
The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a
byte, thus allowing 00 - FF addressing space, and
requires 1 byte after the opcode.
Indirect (long)
The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a
word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space,
and requires 1 byte after the opcode.
ST7LITE3
ST7 ADDRESSING MODES (Cont’d)
12.1.6 Indirect Indexed (Short, Long)
This is a combination of indirect and short indexed
addressing modes. The operand is referenced by
its memory address, which is defined by the unsigned addition of an index register value (X or Y)
with a pointer value located in memory. The pointer address follows the opcode.
The indirect indexed addressing mode consists of
two sub-modes:
Indirect Indexed (Short)
The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a
byte, thus allowing 00 - 1FE addressing space,
and requires 1 byte after the opcode.
Indirect Indexed (Long)
The pointer address is a byte, the pointer size is a
word, thus allowing 64 Kbyte addressing space,
and requires 1 byte after the opcode.
Table 23. Instructions Supporting Direct,
Indexed, Indirect and Indirect Indexed
Addressing Modes
Long and Short
Instructions
SWAP
Swap Nibbles
CALL, JP
Call or Jump subroutine
12.1.7 Relative Mode (Direct, Indirect)
This addressing mode is used to modify the PC
register value by adding an 8-bit signed offset to it.
Available Relative Direct/
Indirect Instructions
Function
JRxx
Conditional Jump
CALLR
Call Relative
The relative addressing mode consists of two submodes:
Relative (Direct)
The offset follows the opcode.
Relative (Indirect)
The offset is defined in memory, of which the address follows the opcode.
Function
LD
Load
CP
Compare
AND, OR, XOR
Logical Operations
ADC, ADD, SUB, SBC
Arithmetic Addition/subtraction operations
BCP
Bit Compare
Short Instructions Only
Function
CLR
Clear
INC, DEC
Increment/Decrement
TNZ
Test Negative or Zero
CPL, NEG
1 or 2 Complement
BSET, BRES
Bit Operations
BTJT, BTJF
Bit Test and Jump Operations
SLL, SRL, SRA, RLC,
RRC
Shift and Rotate Operations
125/167
ST7LITE3
12.2 INSTRUCTION GROUPS
The ST 7 family devices use an Instruction Set
consisting of 63 instructions. The instructions may
be subdivided into 13 main groups as illustrated in
the following table:
Load and Transfer
LD
CLR
Stack operation
PUSH
POP
Increment/Decrement
INC
DEC
Compare and Tests
CP
TNZ
BCP
Logical operations
AND
OR
XOR
CPL
NEG
Bit Operation
BSET
BRES
Conditional Bit Test and Branch
BTJT
BTJF
Arithmetic operations
ADC
ADD
SUB
SBC
MUL
Shift and Rotates
SLL
SRL
SRA
RLC
RRC
SWAP
SLA
Unconditional Jump or Call
JRA
JRT
JRF
JP
CALL
CALLR
NOP
Conditional Branch
JRxx
Interruption management
TRAP
WFI
HALT
IRET
Condition Code Flag modification
SIM
RIM
SCF
RCF
Using a pre-byte
The instructions are described with one to four
bytes.
In order to extend the number of available opcodes for an 8-bit CPU (256 opcodes), three different prebyte opcodes are defined. These prebytes
modify the meaning of the instruction they precede.
The whole instruction becomes:
PC-2 End of previous instruction
PC-1 Prebyte
PC
Opcode
PC+1 Additional word (0 to 2) according to the
number of bytes required to compute the
effective address
These prebytes enable instruction in Y as well as
indirect addressing modes to be implemented.
They precede the opcode of the instruction in X or
the instruction using direct addressing mode. The
prebytes are:
126/167
RSP
RET
PDY 90 Replace an X based instruction using
immediate, direct, indexed, or inherent
addressing mode by a Y one.
PIX 92 Replace an instruction using direct, direct bit, or direct relative addressing
mode to an instruction using the corresponding indirect addressing mode.
It also changes an instruction using X
indexed addressing mode to an instruction using indirect X indexed addressing
mode.
PIY 91 Replace an instruction using X indirect
indexed addressing mode by a Y one.
12.2.1 Illegal Opcode Reset
In order to provide enhanced robustness to the device against unexpected behaviour, a system of illegal opcode detection is implemented. If a code to
be executed does not correspond to any opcode
or prebyte value, a reset is generated. This, combined with the Watchdog, allows the detection and
recovery from an unexpected fault or interference.
Note: A valid prebyte associated with a valid opcode forming an unauthorized combination does
not generate a reset.
ST7LITE3
INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d)
Mnemo
Description
Function/Example
Dst
Src
H
I
N
Z
C
ADC
Add with Carry
A=A+M+C
A
M
H
N
Z
C
ADD
Addition
A=A+M
A
M
H
N
Z
C
AND
Logical And
A=A.M
A
M
N
Z
BCP
Bit compare A, Memory
tst (A . M)
A
M
N
Z
BRES
Bit Reset
bres Byte, #3
M
BSET
Bit Set
bset Byte, #3
M
BTJF
Jump if bit is false (0)
btjf Byte, #3, Jmp1
M
C
BTJT
Jump if bit is true (1)
btjt Byte, #3, Jmp1
M
C
CALL
Call subroutine
CALLR
Call subroutine relative
CLR
Clear
CP
Arithmetic Compare
tst(Reg - M)
reg
CPL
One Complement
A = FFH-A
DEC
Decrement
dec Y
HALT
Halt
IRET
Interrupt routine return
Pop CC, A, X, PC
INC
Increment
inc X
JP
Absolute Jump
jp [TBL.w]
JRA
Jump relative always
JRT
Jump relative
JRF
Never jump
JRIH
Jump if ext. interrupt = 1
JRIL
Jump if ext. interrupt = 0
JRH
Jump if H = 1
H=1?
JRNH
Jump if H = 0
H=0?
JRM
Jump if I = 1
I=1?
JRNM
Jump if I = 0
I=0?
JRMI
Jump if N = 1 (minus)
N=1?
JRPL
Jump if N = 0 (plus)
N=0?
JREQ
Jump if Z = 1 (equal)
Z=1?
JRNE
Jump if Z = 0 (not equal)
Z=0?
JRC
Jump if C = 1
C=1?
JRNC
Jump if C = 0
C=0?
JRULT
Jump if C = 1
Unsigned <
JRUGE
Jump if C = 0
Jmp if unsigned >=
JRUGT
Jump if (C + Z = 0)
Unsigned >
reg, M
0
1
N
Z
C
reg, M
N
Z
1
reg, M
N
Z
N
Z
N
Z
M
0
H
reg, M
I
C
jrf *
127/167
ST7LITE3
INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d)
Mnemo
Description
Function/Example
Dst
Src
JRULE
Jump if (C + Z = 1)
Unsigned <=
LD
Load
dst <= src
reg, M
M, reg
MUL
Multiply
X,A = X * A
A, X, Y
X, Y, A
NEG
Negate (2's compl)
neg $10
reg, M
NOP
No Operation
OR
OR operation
A=A+M
A
M
POP
Pop from the Stack
pop reg
reg
M
pop CC
CC
M
M
reg, CC
H
I
N
Z
N
Z
0
H
C
0
I
N
Z
N
Z
N
Z
C
C
PUSH
Push onto the Stack
push Y
RCF
Reset carry flag
C=0
RET
Subroutine Return
RIM
Enable Interrupts
I=0
RLC
Rotate left true C
C <= Dst <= C
reg, M
N
Z
C
RRC
Rotate right true C
C => Dst => C
reg, M
N
Z
C
RSP
Reset Stack Pointer
S = Max allowed
SBC
Subtract with Carry
A=A-M-C
N
Z
C
SCF
Set carry flag
C=1
SIM
Disable Interrupts
I=1
SLA
Shift left Arithmetic
C <= Dst <= 0
reg, M
N
Z
C
SLL
Shift left Logic
C <= Dst <= 0
reg, M
N
Z
C
SRL
Shift right Logic
0 => Dst => C
reg, M
0
Z
C
SRA
Shift right Arithmetic
Dst7 => Dst => C
reg, M
N
Z
C
SUB
Subtraction
A=A-M
A
N
Z
C
SWAP
SWAP nibbles
Dst[7..4] <=> Dst[3..0] reg, M
N
Z
TNZ
Test for Neg & Zero
tnz lbl1
N
Z
TRAP
S/W trap
S/W interrupt
WFI
Wait for Interrupt
XOR
Exclusive OR
N
Z
128/167
0
0
A
M
1
1
M
1
0
A = A XOR M
A
M
ST7LITE3
13 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
13.1 PARAMETER CONDITIONS
Unless otherwise specified, all voltages are referred to VSS.
13.1.1 Minimum and Maximum values
Unless otherwise specified the minimum and maximum values are guaranteed in the worst conditions of ambient temperature, supply voltage and
frequencies by tests in production on 100% of the
devices with an ambient temperature at TA=25°C
and TA=TAmax (given by the selected temperature
range).
Data based on characterization results, design
simulation and/or technology characteristics are
indicated in the table footnotes and are not tested
in production. Based on characterization, the minimum and maximum values refer to sample tests
and represent the mean value plus or minus three
times the standard deviation (mean±3Σ).
13.1.2 Typical values
Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based
on TA=25°C, VDD=5V (for the 4.5V≤VDD≤5.5V
voltage range) and VDD=3.3V (for the 3V≤VDD≤4V
voltage range). They are given only as design
guidelines and are not tested.
13.1.3 Typical curves
Unless otherwise specified, all typical curves are
given only as design guidelines and are not tested.
13.1.4 Loading capacitor
The loading conditions used for pin parameter
measurement are shown in Figure 66.
13.1.5 Pin input voltage
The input voltage measurement on a pin of the device is described in Figure 67.
Figure 67. Pin input voltage
ST7 PIN
VIN
Figure 66. Pin loading conditions
ST7 PIN
CL
129/167
ST7LITE3
13.2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Stresses above those listed as “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to
the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device under these condi13.2.1 Voltage Characteristics
Symbol
VDD - VSS
tions is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
Ratings
Maximum value
Supply voltage
7.0
Input voltage on any pin 1) & 2)
VIN
VESD(HBM)
VSS-0.3 to VDD+0.3
Unit
V
see section 13.7.3 on page 143
Electrostatic discharge voltage (Human Body Model)
13.2.2 Current Characteristics
Symbol
Ratings
Maximum value
IVDD
Total current into VDD power lines (source)
3)
150
IVSS
Total current out of VSS ground lines (sink) 3)
150
Output current sunk by any standard I/O and control pin
25
Output current sunk by any high sink I/O pin
50
Output current source by any I/Os and control pin
-25
Injected current on RESET pin
±5
IIO
IINJ(PIN) 2) & 4)
Injected current on OSC1 and OSC2 pins
Injected current on PB0 and PB1 pins
ΣIINJ(PIN)
Total injected current (sum of all I/O and control pins)
mA
±5
5)
+5
Injected current on any other pin 6)
2)
Unit
±5
6)
±20
13.2.3 Thermal Characteristics
Symbol
TSTG
TJ
Ratings
Storage temperature range
Value
Unit
-65 to +150
°C
Maximum junction temperature (see section 14.2 on page 156)
Notes:
1. Directly connecting the RESET and I/O pins to VDD or VSS could damage the device if an unintentional internal reset
is generated or an unexpected change of the I/O configuration occurs (for example, due to a corrupted program counter).
To guarantee safe operation, this connection has to be done through a pull-up or pull-down resistor (typical: 4.7kΩ for
RESET, 10kΩ for I/Os). Unused I/O pins must be tied in the same way to VDD or VSS according to their reset configuration.
2. IINJ(PIN) must never be exceeded. This is implicitly insured if VIN maximum is respected. If VIN maximum cannot be
respected, the injection current must be limited externally to the IINJ(PIN) value. A positive injection is induced by VIN>VDD
while a negative injection is induced by VIN<VSS. For true open-drain pads, there is no positive injection current, and the
corresponding VIN maximum must always be respected
3. All power (VDD) and ground (VSS) lines must always be connected to the external supply.
4. Negative injection disturbs the analog performance of the device. In particular, it induces leakage currents throughout
the device including the analog inputs. To avoid undesirable effects on the analog functions, care must be taken:
- Analog input pins must have a negative injection less than 0.8 mA (assuming that the impedance of the analog voltage
is lower than the specified limits)
- Pure digital pins must have a negative injection less than 1.6mA. In addition, it is recommended to inject the current as
far as possible from the analog input pins.
5. No negative current injection allowed on PB0 and PB1 pins.
6. When several inputs are submitted to a current injection, the maximum ΣIINJ(PIN) is the absolute sum of the positive
and negative injected currents (instantaneous values). These results are based on characterisation with ΣIINJ(PIN) maximum current injection on four I/O port pins of the device.
130/167
ST7LITE3
13.3 OPERATING CONDITIONS
13.3.1 General Operating Conditions: Suffix 6 Devices
TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
VDD
fCLKIN
Parameter
Conditions
Supply voltage
External clock frequency on
CLKIN pin
Min
Max
fOSC = 8 MHz. max., TA = 0 to 85°C
2.7
5.5
fOSC = 8 MHz. max., TA = - 40 to 85°C
3.0
5.5
fOSC = 16 MHz. max.
3.3
5.5
VDD≥3.3V
up to 16
VDD≥3.0V
up to 8
Unit
V
MHz
Figure 68. fCLKIN Maximum Operating Frequency Versus VDD Supply Voltage
FUNCTIONALITY
GUARANTEED
IN THIS AREA
(UNLESS OTHERWISE
STATED IN THE
TABLES OF
PARAMETRIC DATA)
fCLKIN [MHz]
16
FUNCTIONALITY
NOT GUARANTEED
IN THIS AREA
8
FUNCTIONALITY 4
GUARANTEED IN
THIS AREA ONLY FOR 1
TA FROM 0°C to TAmax 0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE [V]
2.0
2.7 3.0
3.3
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
131/167
ST7LITE3
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d)
The RC oscillator and PLL characteristics are temperature-dependent and are grouped in two tables.
13.3.1.1 Devices with ‘”6” order code suffix (tested for TA = -40 to +85°C) @ VDD = 4.5 to 5.5V
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
fRC
Internal RC oscillator
frequency
RCCR = FF (reset value), TA=25°C,VDD=5V
Accuracy of Internal RC
oscillator with
RCCR=RCCR01)
TA=25°C, VDD=4.5 to 5.5V
ACCRC
RCCR = RCCR01 ),TA=25°C,VDD=5V
TA=-40 to +85°C, VDD=4.5 to 5.5V
TA=0 to +85°C, VDD=4.5 to 5.5V
IDD(RC)
RC oscillator current conTA=25°C,VDD=5V
sumption
tsu(RC)
RC oscillator setup time
Min
Typ
Max
1600
995
1000
1005
Unit
kHz
-1
+1
%
-22)
+52)
%
-2
+2
%
µA
6003)4)
101)
TA=25°C,VDD=5V
µs
fPLL
x8 PLL input clock
tLOCK
PLL Lock time7)
2
ms
tSTAB
PLL Stabilization time7)
4
ms
fRC = 1MHz@TA=25°C,VDD=4.5 to 5.5V
0.16)
%
fRC = 1MHz@TA=-40 to +85°C,VDD=5V
0.16)
%
85)
kHz
15)
%
5503)
µA
ACCPLL
x8 PLL Accuracy
tw(JIT)
PLL jitter period
JITPLL
PLL jitter (∆fCPU/fCPU)
IDD(PLL)
1
3)
fRC = 1MHz
PLL current consumption TA=25°C
MHz
Notes:
1. RCCR0 is a factory-calibrated setting for 1000kHz with ±0.2 accuracy @ TA =25°C, VDD=5V. See “INTERNAL RC OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT” on page 22
2. Min value is obtained for hot temperature and max value is obtained for cold temperature.
3. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production
4. Measurement made with RC calibrated at 1MHz.
5. Guaranteed by design.
6. Averaged over a 4ms period. After the LOCKED bit is set, a period of tSTAB is required to reach ACCPLL accuracy.
7. After the LOCKED bit is set ACCPLL is max. 10% until tSTAB has elapsed. See Figure 11 on page 23.
132/167
ST7LITE3
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d)
Figure 69. Typical accuracy with RCCR=RCCR0 vs VDD= 4.5 to 5.5V and Temperature
3.00%
2.50%
2.00%
Accuracy (%)
1.50%
-45°C
0°C
25°C
1.00%
90°C
110°C
0.50%
130°C
0.00%
-0.50%
-1.00%
4.5
5
5.5
VDD (V)
Figure 70. Typical RCCR0 vs VDD and Temperature
1.1
Frequency (MHz)
1.05
-45°C'
0°C'
25°C'
90°C'
110°C'
130°C'
1
0.95
0.9
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.7
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
VDD supply (V)
133/167
ST7LITE3
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d)
13.3.1.2 Devices with ‘”6” order code suffix (tested for TA = -40 to +85°C) @ VDD = 3.0 to 3.6V
Symbol
fRC
Parameter
Conditions
Internal RC oscillator fre- RCCR = FF (reset value), TA=25°C, VDD= 3.3V
quency
RCCR=RCCR11) ,TA=25°C,VDD= 3.3V
IDD(RC)
Accuracy of Internal RC TA=25°C, VDD=3.0 to 3.6V
oscillator when calibrated TA=-40 to +85°C, VDD=3.0 to 3.6V
with RCCR=RCCR11)2)
TA=0 to +85°C, VDD=3.0 to 3.6V
RC oscillator current conTA=25°C,VDD=3.3V
sumption
tsu(RC)
RC oscillator setup time
ACCRC
Min
Typ
Max
1600
995
1000
1005
-1
+1
-3
+3
-3
+3
101)
12)
kHz
%
µA
5002)3)
TA=25°C,VDD=3.3V
Unit
µs
fPLL
x4 PLL input clock
tLOCK
PLL Lock time6)
2
ms
tSTAB
PLL Stabilization time6)
4
ms
fRC = 1MHz@TA=25°C, VDD=2.7 to 3.3V
0.15)
%
fRC = 1MHz@TA=-40 to +85°C, VDD= 3.3V
0.15)
%
fRC = 1MHz
84)
kHz
ACCPLL
x4 PLL Accuracy
tw(JIT)
PLL jitter period
JITPLL
PLL jitter (∆fCPU/fCPU)
IDD(PLL)
PLL current consumption TA=25°C
MHz
14)
%
4502)
µA
Notes:
1.RCCR1 is a factory-calibrated setting for 1000kHz with ±0.2 accuracy @ TA =25°C, VDD=3.3V. See “INTERNAL RC
OSCILLATOR ADJUSTMENT” on page 22.
2.Data based on characterization results, not tested in production
3. Measurement made with RC calibrated at 1MHz.
4. Guaranteed by design.
5. Averaged over a 4ms period. After the LOCKED bit is s et, a period of tSTAB is required to reach ACCPLL accuracy
6.After the LOCKED bit is set ACCPLL is max. 10% until tSTAB has elapsed. See Figure 11 on page 23.
134/167
ST7LITE3
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d)
Figure 71. Typical accuracy with RCCR=RCCR1 vs VDD= 3-3.6V and Temperature
1.50%
1.00%
-45°C
Accuracy (%)
0.50%
0°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.00%
130°C
-0.50%
-1.00%
3
3.3
3.6
VDD (V)
Figure 72. Typical RCCR1 vs VDD and Temperature
1.1
Frequency (MHz)
1.05
-45°C'
0°C'
25°C'
90°C'
110°C'
130°C'
1
0.95
0.9
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.3
4.5
4.7
4.9
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
VDD supply (V)
135/167
ST7LITE3
OPERATING CONDITIONS (Cont’d)
Figure 73. PLL ∆fCPU/fCPU versus time
∆fCPU/fCPU
Max
t
0
Min
tw(JIT)
Figure 74. PLLx4 Output vs CLKIN frequency
tw(JIT)
Figure 75. PLLx8 Output vs CLKIN frequency
7.00
5.00
3.3
4.00
3
2.7
3.00
2.00
9.00
7.00
5.5
5
5.00
4.5
4
3.00
1.00
1.00
1
1.5
2
2.5
External Input Clock Frequency (MHz)
Note: fOSC = fCLKIN/2*PLL4
136/167
Output Frequency (MHz)
Output Frequency (MHz)
11.00
6.00
3
0.85
0.9
1
1.5
2
External Input Clock Frequency (MHz)
Note: fOSC = fCLKIN/2*PLL8
2.5
ST7LITE3
13.3.2 Operating Conditions with Low Voltage Detector (LVD)
TA = -40 to 85°C, unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
1)
Typ
Max
Reset release threshold
(VDD rise)
High Threshold
Med. Threshold
Low Threshold
3.60
3.051)
2.45 1)
4.15
3.45
2.85
4.60
3.90
3.20
VIT-(LVD)
Reset generation threshold
(VDD fall)
High Threshold
Med. Threshold
Low Threshold
3.40
2.90
2.30
3.95
3.30
2.70
4.35 1)
3.701)
3.001)
Vhys
LVD voltage threshold hysteresis
VIT+(LVD)-VIT-(LVD)
VtPOR
VDD rise time rate 2)
tg(VDD)
Filtered glitch delay on VDD
IDD(LVD)
LVD/AVD current consumption
VIT+(LVD)
200
201)
Not detected by the LVD
Unit
V
mV
1000001)
µs/V
150
ns
µA
220
Notes:
1. Not tested in production.
2. Not tested in production. The VDD rise time rate condition is needed to insure a correct device power-on and LVD reset.
When the VDD slope is outside these values, the LVD may not ensure a proper reset of the MCU.
13.3.3 Auxiliary Voltage Detector (AVD) Thresholds,
TA = -40 to 85°C, unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
1)
Typ
Max
Unit
VIT+(AVD)
1=>0 AVDF flag toggle threshold
(VDD rise)
High Threshold
Med. Threshold
Low Threshold
3.90
3.451)
2.901)
4.45
3.90
3.30
4.85
4.30
3.65
VIT-(AVD)
0=>1 AVDF flag toggle threshold
(VDD fall)
High Threshold
Med. Threshold
Low Threshold
3.85
3.35
2.75
4.40
3.85
3.15
4.801)
4.201)
3.501)
Vhys
AVD voltage threshold hysteresis
VIT+(AVD)-VIT-(AVD)
150
mV
∆VIT-
Voltage drop between AVD flag set
and LVD reset activation
VDD fall
0.45
V
V
Note:
1. Not tested in production.
13.3.4 Internal RC Oscillator and PLL
The ST7 internal clock can be supplied by an internal RC oscillator and PLL (selectable by option byte).
Symbol
Parameter
VDD(RC)
Internal RC Oscillator operating voltage
VDD(x4PLL)
x4 PLL operating voltage
VDD(x8PLL)
x8 PLL operating voltage
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Refer to operating range
of VDD with TA, section
13.3.1 on page 131
2.7
5.5
2.7
3.3
3.3
5.5
Unit
V
137/167
ST7LITE3
13.4 SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS
The following current consumption specified for
the ST7 functional operating modes over temperature range does not take into account the clock
source current consumption. To get the total de13.4.1 Supply Current
TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
VDD=5.5V
Supply current in RUN mode
IDD
vice consumption, the two current values must be
added (except for HALT mode for which the clock
is stopped).
Supply current in WAIT mode
Supply current in SLOW mode
Typ
Max
fCPU=8MHz 1)
6.0
9.0
fCPU=4MHz
2.6
5.6
fCPU=1MHz
0.8
2.4
2.5
fCPU=250kHz 3)
0.7
1.1
4)
fCPU=8MHz 2)
0.6
0.5
1.0
-40°C≤TA≤+85°C
Supply current in AWUFH mode 6)7)
TA= +25°C
20
50
fCPU=250kHz
mA
4.0
Supply current in HALT mode5)
Supply current in SLOW WAIT mode
Unit
10
µA
Notes:
1. CPU running with memory access, all I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals
in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled.
2. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN)
driven by external square wave, LVD disabled.
3. SLOW mode selected with fCPU based on fOSC divided by 32. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or
VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled.
4. SLOW-WAIT mode selected with fCPU based on fOSC divided by 32. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at
VDD or VSS (no load), all peripherals in reset state; clock input (CLKIN) driven by external square wave, LVD disabled.
5. All I/O pins in output mode with a static value at VSS (no load), LVD disabled. Data based on characterization results,
tested in production at VDD max and fCPU max.
6. All I/O pins in input mode with a static value at VDD or VSS (no load). Data tested in production at VDD max. and fCPU
max.
7. This consumption refers to the Halt period only and not the associated run period which is software dependent.
1000.00
8MHz
4MHz
800.00
4MHz
600.00
1MHz
2.4
2.7
200.00
0.00
3.3
4
Vdd (V)
138/167
400.00
5
6
TB
D
1MHz
D
8MHz
Idd (µA)
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
Figure 77. Typical IDD in SLOW vs. fCPU
TB
Idd (mA)
Figure 76. Typical IDD in RUN vs. fCPU
2.4
2.7
3.3
Vdd (V)
4
5
6
ST7LITE3
SUPPLY CURRENT CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
Figure 78. Typical IDD in WAIT vs. fCPU
8MHz
2.5
6.00
4MHz
2.0
5.00
RUN
1MHz
1.5
Idd (mA)
Idd (mA)
Figure 80. Typical IDD vs. Temperature
at VDD = 5V and fOSC = 16MHz
1.0
0.5
WAIT
4.00
SLOW
3.00
SLOW WAIT
2.00
0.0
2.4
2.7
3.3
4
5
1.00
6
0.00
Vdd (V)
-45
25
90
130
Temperature (°C)
Figure 81. Typical IDD vs. Temperature and VDD
at fOSC = 16MHz
8MHz
800.00
700.00
600.00
500.00
400.00
300.00
200.00
100.00
0.00
6.00
4MHz
5.00
1MHz
Idd RUN (mA)
Idd (µA)
Figure 79. Typical IDD in SLOW-WAIT vs. fCPU
4.00
5
3.00
3.3
2.7
2.00
1.00
2.4
2.7
3.3
4
5
6
Vdd (V)
0.00
-45
25
90
130
Temperature (°C)
13.4.2 On-chip peripherals
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typ
12-bit Auto-Reload Timer supply current 1)
fCPU=4MHz
VDD=3.0V
150
fCPU=8MHz
VDD=5.0V
1000
IDD(SPI)
SPI supply current 2)
fCPU=4MHz
VDD=3.0V
50
fCPU=8MHz
VDD=5.0V
200
IDD(ADC)
ADC supply current when converting 3)
fADC=4MHz
IDD(AT)
IDD(LINSCI) LINSCI supply current when transmitting 4)
fCPU=8MHz
VDD=3.0V
250
VDD=5.0V
1100
VDD=5.0V
650
Unit
µA
1. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration (timer stopped) and a timer running in PWM
mode at fcpu=8MHz.
2. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration and a permanent SPI master communication (data sent equal to 55h).
3. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between reset configuration and continuous A/D conversions.
4. Data based on a differential IDD measurement between LINSCI running at maximum speed configuration (500 kbaud,
continuous transmission of AA +RE enabled and LINSCI off. This measurement includes the pad toggling consumption.
139/167
ST7LITE3
13.5 CLOCK AND TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
Subject to general operating conditions for VDD, fOSC, and TA.
13.5.1 General Timings
Symbol
tc(INST)
tv(IT)
Parameter 1)
Instruction cycle time
Interrupt reaction time
tv(IT) = ∆tc(INST) + 10
Conditions
fCPU=8MHz
3)
fCPU=8MHz
Min
Typ 2)
Max
Unit
2
3
12
tCPU
250
375
1500
ns
10
22
tCPU
1.25
2.75
µs
Notes:
1. Guaranteed by Design. Not tested in production.
2. Data based on typical application software.
3. Time measured between interrupt event and interrupt vector fetch. Dtc(INST) is the number of tCPU cycles needed to finish the current instruction execution.
140/167
ST7LITE3
13.6 MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS
TA = -40°C to 85°C, unless otherwise specified
13.6.1 RAM and Hardware Registers
Symbol
VRM
Parameter
Data retention mode 1)
Conditions
Min
HALT mode (or RESET)
Typ
Max
Unit
1.6
V
13.6.2 FLASH Program Memory
Symbol
VDD
tprog
Parameter
Conditions
Programming time for 1~32 bytes 2)
Refer to operating range
of VDD with TA, section
13.3.1 on page 131
TA=−40 to +85°C
Operating voltage for Flash write/erase
Programming time for 1.5 kBytes
TA=+25°C
tRET
Data retention 4)
TA=+55°C3)
NRW
Write erase cycles
TA=+25°C
Read / Write / Erase
modes
fCPU = 8MHz, VDD = 5.5V
No Read/No Write Mode
Power down mode / HALT
IDD
Supply current
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
5.5
V
5
10
ms
0.24
0.48
2.7
s
20
years
10K
cycles
0
2.6 6)
mA
100
0.1
µA
µA
13.6.3 EEPROM Data Memory
Symbol
VDD
tprog
tret
NRW
Parameter
Conditions
Refer to operating range
Operating voltage for EEPROM write/erase of VDD with TA, section
13.3.1 on page 131
TA=−40 to +85°C
Programming time for 1~32 bytes
Data
retention 4)
Write erase cycles
TA=+55°C
TA=+25°C
3)
Min
Typ
2.7
5
Max
Unit
5.5
V
10
ms
20
years
300K
cycles
Notes:
1. Minimum VDD supply voltage without losing data stored in RAM (in HALT mode or under RESET) or in hardware registers (only in HALT mode). Guaranteed by construction, not tested in production.
2. Up to 32 bytes can be programmed at a time.
3. The data retention time increases when the TA decreases.
4. Data based on reliability test results and monitored in production.
5. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
6. Guaranteed by Design. Not tested in production.
141/167
ST7LITE3
13.7 EMC CHARACTERISTICS
Susceptibility tests are performed on a sample basis during product characterization.
13.7.1 Functional EMS (Electro Magnetic
Susceptibility)
Based on a simple running application on the
product (toggling 2 LEDs through I/O ports), the
product is stressed by two electro magnetic events
until a failure occurs (indicated by the LEDs).
■ ESD: Electro-Static Discharge (positive and
negative) is applied on all pins of the device until
a functional disturbance occurs. This test
conforms with the IEC 1000-4-2 standard.
■ FTB: A Burst of Fast Transient voltage (positive
and negative) is applied to VDD and VSS through
a 100pF capacitor, until a functional disturbance
occurs. This test conforms with the IEC 1000-44 standard.
A device reset allows normal operations to be resumed. The test results are given in the table below based on the EMS levels and classes defined
in application note AN1709.
13.7.1.1 Designing hardened software to avoid
noise problems
EMC characterization and optimization are performed at component level with a typical application environment and simplified MCU software. It
Symbol
should be noted that good EMC performance is
highly dependent on the user application and the
software in particular.
Therefore it is recommended that the user applies
EMC software optimization and prequalification
tests in relation with the EMC level requested for
his application.
Software recommendations:
The software flowchart must include the management of runaway conditions such as:
– Corrupted program counter
– Unexpected reset
– Critical Data corruption (control registers...)
Prequalification trials:
Most of the common failures (unexpected reset
and program counter corruption) can be reproduced by manually forcing a low state on the RESET pin or the Oscillator pins for 1 second.
To complete these trials, ESD stress can be applied directly on the device, over the range of
specification values. When unexpected behaviour
is detected, the software can be hardened to prevent unrecoverable errors occurring (see application note AN1015).
Parameter
Level/
Class
Conditions
VFESD
Voltage limits to be applied on any I/O pin to induce a VDD=5V, TA=+25°C, fOSC=8MHz
conforms to IEC 1000-4-2
functional disturbance
3B
VFFTB
Fast transient voltage burst limits to be applied
V =5V, TA=+25°C, fOSC=8MHz
through 100pF on VDD and VDD pins to induce a func- DD
conforms to IEC 1000-4-4
tional disturbance
3B
13.7.2 Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)
Based on a simple application running on the
product (toggling 2 LEDs through the I/O ports),
the product is monitored in terms of emission. This
emission test is in line with the norm SAE J 1752/
3 which specifies the board and the loading of
each pin.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Monitored
Frequency Band
0.1MHz to 30MHz
SEMI
Peak level
VDD=5V, TA=+25°C,
30MHz to 130MHz
SO20 package,
conforming to SAE J 1752/3 130MHz to 1GHz
SAE EMI Level
Notes:
1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
142/167
Max vs. [fOSC/fCPU]
8/4MHz
16/8MHz
16
17
20
25
15
16
3
3.5
Unit
dBµV
-
ST7LITE3
EMC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
13.7.3 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Electrical
Sensitivity)
Based on three different tests (ESD, LU and DLU)
using specific measurement methods, the product
is stressed in order to determine its performance in
terms of electrical sensitivity. For more details, refer to the application note AN1181.
13.7.3.1 Electro-Static Discharge (ESD)
Electro-Static Discharges (a positive then a negative pulse separated by 1 second) are applied to
the pins of each sample according to each pin
combination. The sample size depends on the
number of supply pins in the device (3 parts*(n+1)
supply pin). Two models can be simulated: Human
Body Model and Machine Model. This test conforms to the JESD22-A114A/A115A standard.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
VESD(HBM)
Ratings
Electro-static discharge voltage
(Human Body Model)
Conditions
TA=+25°C
Maximum value 1) Unit
4000
V
Notes:
1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
13.7.3.2 Static and Dynamic Latch-Up
■ LU: 3 complementary static tests are required
on 10 parts to assess the latch-up performance.
A supply overvoltage (applied to each power
supply pin) and a current injection (applied to
each input, output and configurable I/O pin) are
performed on each sample. This test conforms
to the EIA/JESD 78 IC latch-up standard. For
more details, refer to the application note
AN1181.
■
DLU: Electro-Static Discharges (one positive
then one negative test) are applied to each pin
of 3 samples when the micro is running to
assess the latch-up performance in dynamic
mode. Power supplies are set to the typical
values, the oscillator is connected as near as
possible to the pins of the micro and the
component is put in reset mode. This test
conforms to the IEC1000-4-2 and SAEJ1752/3
standards. For more details, refer to the
application note AN1181.
Electrical Sensitivities
Symbol
LU
DLU
Parameter
Conditions
Class 1)
Static latch-up class
TA=+25°C
A
Dynamic latch-up class
VDD=5.5V, fOSC=4MHz, TA=+25°C
A
Notes:
1. Class description: A Class is an STMicroelectronics internal specification. All its limits are higher than the JEDEC specifications, that means when a device belongs to Class A it exceeds the JEDEC standard. B Class strictly covers all the
JEDEC criteria (international standard).
143/167
ST7LITE3
13.8 I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS
13.8.1 General Characteristics
Subject to general operating conditions for VDD, fOSC, and TA unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
VIL
Input low level voltage
VSS - 0.3
0.3xVDD
VIH
Input high level voltage
0.7xVDD
VDD + 0.3
Vhys
Schmitt trigger voltage
hysteresis 1)
IL
Input leakage current
VSS≤VIN≤VDD
±1
IS
Static current consumption 2)
Floating input mode
200
RPU
Weak pull-up equivalent resistor3)
VIN= VDD=5V
VSS VDD=3V
CIO
I/O pin capacitance
5
25
tr(IO)out
Output high to low level fall time 1) CL=50pF
Output low to high level rise time 1) Between 10% and 90%
tw(IT)in
External interrupt pulse time 4)
tf(IO)out
Unit
V
400
TA≤85°C
50
100
mV
µA
170
kΩ
200
pF
ns
25
1
tCPU
Notes:
1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
2. Configuration not recommended, all unused pins must be kept at a fixed voltage: using the output mode of the I/O for
example or an external pull-up or pull-down resistor (see Figure 82). Data based on design simulation and/or technology
characteristics, not tested in production.
3. The RPU pull-up equivalent resistor is based on a resistive transistor (corresponding IPU current characteristics described in Figure 83).
4. To generate an external interrupt, a minimum pulse width has to be applied on an I/O port pin configured as an external
interrupt source.
Figure 82. Two typical Applications with unused I/O Pin
VDD
10kΩ
ST7XXX
10kΩ
UNUSED I/O PORT
UNUSED I/O PORT
ST7XXX
Caution: During normal operation the ICCCLK pin must be pulled- up, internally or externally (external pull-up of 10k mandatory in
noisy environment). This is to avoid entering ICC mode unexpectedly during a reset.
Note: I/O can be left unconnected if it is configured as output (0 or 1) by the software. This has the advantage of greater EMC
robustness and lower cost.
144/167
ST7LITE3
Figure 83. Typical IPU vs. VDD with VIN=VSS
l
90
Ta=140°C
80
Ta=95°C
70
Ta=25°C
Ta=-45 °C
Ipu(uA)
60
50
TO BE CHARACTERIZED
40
30
20
10
0
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Vdd(V)
5
5.5
6
145/167
ST7LITE3
I/O PORT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
13.8.2 Output Driving Current
Subject to general operating conditions for VDD, fCPU, and TA unless otherwise specified.
VOH 2)
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Output low level voltage for a standard I/O
pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time
(see Figure 86)
IIO=+5mA TA≤85°C
0.65
1.0
IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C
0.25
0.4
Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O
pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time (see
Figure 89)
IIO=+20mA,TA≤85°C
1.05
1.3
IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C
0.4
0.75
VDD=5V
VOL 1)
Parameter
Output high level voltage for an I/O pin
when 4 pins are sourced at same time
(see Figure 92)
Output low level voltage for a standard I/O
pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time
(see Figure 85)
VOL 1)3)
Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O
pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time (see
Figure 88)
VDD=4V
Symbol
Output low level voltage for a standard I/O
pin when 8 pins are sunk at same time
(see Figure 84)
VOL 1)3)
Output low level voltage for a high sink I/O
pin when 4 pins are sunk at same time (see
Figure 87)
Output high level voltage for an I/O pin
VOH 2)3) when 4 pins are sourced at same time
(see Figure 90)
VDD=3V
Output high level voltage for an I/O pin
VOH 2)3) when 4 pins are sourced at same time
(see Figure 91)
IIO= -5mA, TA≤85°C
VDD-1.5
4.30
IIO= -2mA TA≤85°C
VDD-0.8
4.70
IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C
0.25
IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C
0.35
IIO= -2mA TA≤85°C
3.70
IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C
0.30
IIO=+8mA TA≤85°C
0.40
IIO= -2mA TA≤85°C
2.60
Unit
V
Notes:
1. The IIO current sunk must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in Section 13.2.2 and the sum of IIO
(I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVSS.
2. The IIO current sourced must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in Section 13.2.2 and the sum of
IIO (I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVDD.
3. Not tested in production, based on characterization results.
146/167
ST7LITE3
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
3.5
3.0
TB
D
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.8
VOL(V) at VDD = 4V (HS)
4.0
VOL (V) at VDD = 3V
Figure 88. Typical VOL at VDD=4V (high-sink)
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
TB
D
Figure 84. Typical VOL at VDD=3V
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.01
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
8
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
VOL (V) at VDD = 5V (HS)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.01
1
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.7
TB
D
VOL (V) at VDD = 4V
1.0
2
3
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
4
5
6
5
8
lio (m A)
0.01
1
2
3
VDD - VOH at VDD = 3V
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
TB
D
0.0
TB
D
VOL (V) at VDD = 5V
0.2
0.1
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
1.6
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.0
4
5
6
-0.01
-1
-2
lio (m A)
0.4
0.2
0.0
5
8
lio (m A)
10
15
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.01
-1
TB
D
0.6
TB
D
VOL(V) at VDD = 3V (HS)
0.8
-4
Figure 91. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=4.0V
VDD - VOH at VDD = 4V
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
1.0
-3
lio (m A)
Figure 87. Typical VOL at VDD=3V (high-sink)
1.2
15
Figure 90. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=3.0V
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.8
0.7
10
lio (m A)
Figure 86. Typical VOL at VDD=5V
0.9
15
Figure 89. Typical VOL at VDD=5V (high-sink)
TB
D
Figure 85. Typical VOL at VDD=4V
1.2
10
lio (m A)
lio (m A)
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
lio (m A)
147/167
ST7LITE3
Figure 92. Typical VDD-VOH at VDD=5V
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.4
1.2
1.0
0.0
-0.01
-1
TB
D
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.4
-2
-3
-4
-5
0.3
0.3
TB
D
1.6
1.4
Vol (V) at llo = 2mA
1.8
VDD - VOH at VDD = 5V
Figure 93. Typical VOL vs. VDD (standard I/Os)
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
-6
3
4
lio (m A)
5
VDD (V)
Figure 94. Typical VOL vs. VDD (high-sink I/Os)
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.3
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
1.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
Vol (V) at llo = 15mA (HS)
0.3
TB
D
Vol (V) at llo = 5mA (HS)
0.4
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
3
4
5
3
VDD (V)
4
5
VDD (V)
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
3
4
VDD (V)
5
VDD - VOH (V) at llo = -2mA
3.5
TB
D
VDD - VOH (V) at llo = -5mA
Figure 95. Typical VDD-VOH vs. VDD
-45°C
25°C
90°C
110°C
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
3
4
VDD (V)
148/167
5
ST7LITE3
13.9 CONTROL PIN CHARACTERISTICS
13.9.1 Asynchronous RESET Pin
TA = -40°C to 85°C, unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VIL
Input low level voltage
VSS - 0.3
0.3xVDD
VIH
Input high level voltage
0.7xVDD
VDD + 0.3
Vhys
Schmitt trigger voltage hysteresis 1)
2)
VOL
Output low level voltage
RON
Pull-up equivalent resistor 3) 1)
tw(RSTL)out Generated reset pulse duration
th(RSTL)in
External reset pulse hold time 4)
tg(RSTL)in
Filtered glitch duration
1
VDD=5V
V
IIO=+5mA TA≤85°C
TA≥85°C
0.5
-
1.0
1.2
IIO=+2mA TA≤85°C
TA≥85°C
0.45
-
0.7
0.9
46
70
VDD=5V TA≤85°C
10
VDD=3V
Internal reset sources
V
V
kΩ
91
kΩ
30
µs
µs
20
200
ns
Notes:
1. Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
2. The IIO current sunk must always respect the absolute maximum rating specified in section 13.2.2 on page 130 and
the sum of IIO (I/O ports and control pins) must not exceed IVSS.
3. The RON pull-up equivalent resistor is based on a resistive transistor. Specified for voltages on RESET pin between
VILmax and VDD
4. To guarantee the reset of the device, a minimum pulse has to be applied to the RESET pin. All short pulses applied on
RESET pin with a duration below th(RSTL)in can be ignored.
149/167
ST7LITE3
CONTROL PIN CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
Figure 96. RESET pin protection when LVD is enabled.1)2)3)4)
VDD
Required
Optional
(note 3)
ST72XXX
RON
EXTERNAL
RESET
INTERNAL
RESET
Filter
0.01µF
1MΩ
PULSE
GENERATOR
WATCHDOG
ILLEGAL OPCODE 5)
LVD RESET
Figure 97. RESET pin protection when LVD is disabled.1)
Recommended for EMC
VDD
USER
EXTERNAL
RESET
CIRCUIT
VDD
ST72XXX
VDD
0.01µF
4.7kΩ
RON
INTERNAL
RESET
Filter
0.01µF
PULSE
GENERATOR
WATCHDOG
ILLEGAL OPCODE 5)
Required
Note 1:
– The reset network protects the device against parasitic resets.
– The output of the external reset circuit must have an open-drain output to drive the ST7 reset pad. Otherwise the
device can be damaged when the ST7 generates an internal reset (LVD or watchdog).
– Whatever the reset source is (internal or external), the user must ensure that the level on the RESET pin can go
below the VIL max. level specified in section 13.9.1 on page 149. Otherwise the reset will not be taken into account
internally.
– Because the reset circuit is designed to allow the internal RESET to be output in the RESET pin, the user must ensure that the current sunk on the RESET pin is less than the absolute maximum value specified for IINJ(RESET) in
section 13.2.2 on page 130.
Note 2: When the LVD is enabled, it is recommended not to connect a pull-up resistor or capacitor. A 10nF pull-down
capacitor is required to filter noise on the reset line.
Note 3: In case a capacitive power supply is used, it is recommended to connect a 1MΩ pull-down resistor to the RESET
pin to discharge any residual voltage induced by the capacitive effect of the power supply (this will add 5µA to the power
consumption of the MCU).
Note 4: Tips when using the LVD:
– 1. Check that all recommendations related to ICCCLK and reset circuit have been applied (see caution in Table 1
on page 6 and notes above)
– 2. Check that the power supply is properly decoupled (100nF + 10µF close to the MCU). Refer to AN1709 and
AN2017. If this cannot be done, it is recommended to put a 100nF + 1MΩ pull-down on the RESET pin.
– 3. The capacitors connected on the RESET pin and also the power supply are key to avoid any start-up marginality.
In most cases, steps 1 and 2 above are sufficient for a robust solution. Otherwise: replace 10nF pull-down on the
RESET pin with a 5µF to 20µF capacitor.”
Note 5: Please refer to “Illegal Opcode Reset” on page 126 for more details on illegal opcode reset conditions
150/167
ST7LITE3
13.10 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS
13.10.1 SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface
Subject to general operating conditions for VDD,
fOSC, and TA unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
fSCK =
1/tc(SCK)
Refer to I/O port characteristics for more details on
the input/output alternate function characteristics
(SS, SCK, MOSI, MISO).
Parameter
Conditions
SPI clock frequency
Min
Max
Master
fCPU=8MHz
fCPU/128 =
0.0625
fCPU/4 =
2
Slave
fCPU=8MHz
0
fCPU/2 =
4
tr(SCK)
tf(SCK)
SPI clock rise and fall time
tsu(SS)
SS setup time
Slave
120
th(SS)
SS hold time
Slave
120
SCK high and low time
Master
Slave
100
90
tsu(MI)
tsu(SI)
Data input setup time
Master
Slave
100
100
th(MI)
th(SI)
Data input hold time
Master
Slave
100
100
ta(SO)
Data output access time
Slave
0
tdis(SO)
Data output disable time
Slave
tw(SCKH)
tw(SCKL)
tv(SO)
Data output valid time
th(SO)
Data output hold time
tv(MO)
Data output valid time
th(MO)
Data output hold time
Unit
MHz
see I/O port pin description
ns
120
240
Slave (after enable edge)
Master (before capture
edge)
120
0
0.25
tCPU
0.25
Figure 98. SPI Slave Timing Diagram with CPHA=0 3)
SS INPUT
SCK INPUT
tsu(SS)
tc(SCK)
th(SS)
CPHA=0
CPOL=0
CPHA=0
CPOL=1
ta(SO)
MISO OUTPUT
tw(SCKH)
tw(SCKL)
MSB OUT
see note 2
tsu(SI)
MOSI INPUT
tv(SO)
th(SO)
BIT6 OUT
tdis(SO)
tr(SCK)
tf(SCK)
LSB OUT
see
note 2
th(SI)
MSB IN
BIT1 IN
LSB IN
Notes:
1. Data based on design simulation and/or characterisation results, not tested in production.
2. When no communication is on-going the data output line of the SPI (MOSI in master mode, MISO in slave mode) has
its alternate function capability released. In this case, the pin status depends on the I/O port configuration.
3. Measurement points are done at CMOS levels: 0.3xVDD and 0.7xVDD.
151/167
ST7LITE3
COMMUNICATION INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
Figure 99. SPI Slave Timing Diagram with CPHA=11)
SS INPUT
SCK INPUT
tsu(SS)
tc(SCK)
th(SS)
CPHA=0
CPOL=0
CPHA=0
CPOL=1
tw(SCKH)
tw(SCKL)
ta(SO)
MISO OUTPUT
see
note 2
tv(SO)
th(SO)
MSB OUT
HZ
tsu(SI)
BIT6 OUT
LSB OUT
see
note 2
th(SI)
MSB IN
MOSI INPUT
tdis(SO)
tr(SCK)
tf(SCK)
BIT1 IN
LSB IN
Figure 100. SPI Master Timing Diagram 1)
SS INPUT
tc(SCK)
SCK INPUT
CPHA=0
CPOL=0
CPHA=0
CPOL=1
CPHA=1
CPOL=0
CPHA=1
CPOL=1
tw(SCKH)
tw(SCKL)
tsu(MI)
MISO INPUT
MOSI OUTPUT
th(MI)
MSB IN
tv(MO)
see note 2
tr(SCK)
tf(SCK)
BIT6 IN
LSB IN
th(MO)
MSB OUT
BIT6 OUT
LSB OUT
see note 2
Notes:
1. Measurement points are done at CMOS levels: 0.3xVDD and 0.7xVDD.
2. When no communication is on-going the data output line of the SPI (MOSI in master mode, MISO in slave mode) has
its alternate function capability released. In this case, the pin status depends of the I/O port configuration.
152/167
ST7LITE3
13.11 10-BIT ADC CHARACTERISTICS
Subject to general operating condition for VDD, fOSC, and TA unless otherwise specified.
Symbol
fADC
VAIN
Parameter
Conditions
ADC clock frequency
Conversion voltage range
2)
RAIN
External input resistor
CADC
Internal sample and hold capacitor
tSTAB
- Sample capacitor loading time
- Hold conversion time
Typ 1)
Max
Unit
0.5
4
MHz
VSSA
VDDA
V
10 3)
kΩ
6
Stabilization time after ADC enable
Conversion time (Sample+Hold)
tADC
Min
0
3.5
fCPU=8MHz, fADC=4MHz
pF
4)
4
10
µs
1/fADC
Notes:
1. Unless otherwise specified, typical data are based on TA=25°C and VDD-VSS=5V. They are given only as design guidelines and are not tested.
2. When VDDA and VSSA pins are not available on the pinout, the ADC refers to VDD and VSS.
3. Any added external serial resistor will downgrade the ADC accuracy (especially for resistance g(reater than10kΩ).
Data based on characterization results, not tested in production.
4. The stabilization time of the AD converter is masked by the first tLOAD. The first conversion after the enable is then
always valid.
Figure 101. Typical Application with ADC
VDD
VT
0.6V
RAIN
AINx
10-Bit A/D
Conversion
VAIN
VT
0.6V
IL
±1µA
CADC
ST72XXX
153/167
ST7LITE3
ADC CHARACTERISTICS (Cont’d)
ADC Accuracy with 3V≤VDD ≤5.5V
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Typ
Max
|ET|
Total unadjusted error
1.5
4
|EO|
Offset error
0.5
1.5
|EG|
Gain Error
1
1.5
|ED|
Differential linearity error
1.5
3
|EL|
Integral linearity error
1.5
3
fCPU=8MHz, fADC=4MHz 1)
Unit
LSB
Notes:
1) Data based on characterization results over the whole temperature range, monitored in production.
Figure 102. ADC Accuracy Characteristics
Digital Result ADCDR
EG
1023
1022
1LSB
1021
IDEAL
V
–V
DD
SS
= --------------------------------
1024
(2)
ET
(3)
7
(1)
6
5
EO
4
(1) Example of an actual transfer curve
(2) The ideal transfer curve
(3) End point correlation line
EL
3
ED
2
ET=Total Unadjusted Error: maximum deviation
between the actual and the ideal transfer curves.
EO=Offset Error: deviation between the first actual
transition and the first ideal one.
EG=Gain Error: deviation between the last ideal
transition and the last actual one.
ED=Differential Linearity Error: maximum deviation
between actual steps and the ideal one.
EL=Integral Linearity Error: maximum deviation
between any actual transition and the end point
correlation line.
1 LSBIDEAL
1
Vin (LSBIDEAL)
0
1
VSS
154/167
2
3
4
5
6
7
1021 1022 1023 1024
VDD
ST7LITE3
14 PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS
14.1 PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
Figure 103. 20-Pin Plastic Small Outline Package, 300-mil Width
D
Dim.
h x 45×
L
A1
A
c
mm
Min
Typ
inches
Max
Min
Typ
Max
A
2.35
2.65 0.093
0.104
A1
0.10
0.30 0.004
0.012
B
0.33
0.51 0.013
0.020
C
0.23
0.32 0.009
0.013
D
12.60
13.00 0.496
0.512
E
7.40
7.60 0.291
0.299
a
e
B
e
E H
1.27
0.050
H
10.00
10.65 0.394
0.419
h
0.25
0.75 0.010
0.030
α
0°
L
0.40
8°
0°
8°
1.27 0.016
0.050
Number of Pins
N
20
Figure 104. 20-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package, 300-mil Width
Dim.
A2
A
mm
Min
Typ
A
A1
b
eB
D1
b2
e
D
20
11
10
Min
Typ
5.33
Max
0.210
A1
0.38
A2
2.92
3.30
4.95 0.115 0.130 0.195
0.015
b
0.36
0.46
0.56 0.014 0.018 0.022
b2
1.14
1.52
1.78 0.045 0.060 0.070
c
0.20
0.25
0.36 0.008 0.010 0.014
D
24.89 26.16 26.92 0.980 1.030 1.060
D1
0.13
e
E1
1
c
L
inches
Max
0.005
2.54
eB
0.100
10.92
0.430
E1
6.10
6.35
7.11 0.240 0.250 0.280
L
2.92
3.30
3.81 0.115 0.130 0.150
Number of Pins
N
20
155/167
ST7LITE3
14.2 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Symbol
RthJA
PD
TJmax
Ratings
Package thermal resistance (junction to ambient)
Power dissipation 1)
Maximum junction temperature
2)
Value
Unit
TBD
°C/W
500
mW
150
°C
Notes:
1. The power dissipation is obtained from the formula PD=PINT+PPORT where PINT is the chip internal power (IDDxVDD)
and PPORT is the port power dissipation determined by the user.
2. The average chip-junction temperature can be obtained from the formula TJ = TA + PD x RthJA.
156/167
ST7LITE3
14.3 SOLDERING AND GLUEABILITY INFORMATION
Recommended soldering information given only as design guidelines.
Figure 105. Recommended Wave Soldering Profile (with 37% Sn and 63% Pb)
250
150
SOLDERING
PHASE
80°C
Temp. [°C]
100
50
COOLING PHASE
(ROOM TEMPERATURE)
5 sec
200
PREHEATING
PHASE
Time [sec]
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Figure 106. Recommended Reflow Soldering Oven Profile (MID JEDEC)
250
Tmax=220+/-5°C
for 25 sec
200
150
90 sec at 125°C
150 sec above 183°C
Temp. [°C]
100
50
ramp down natural
2°C/sec max
ramp up
2°C/sec for 50sec
Time [sec]
0
100
200
300
400
Recommended glue for SMD plastic packages:
■ Heraeus: PD945, PD955
■ Loctite: 3615, 3298
157/167
ST7LITE3
15 DEVICE CONFIGURATION
Each device is available for production in user programmable versions (FLASH) as well as in factory
coded versions (ROM/FASTROM).
ST7PLITE3 devices are Factory Advanced Service Technique ROM (FASTROM) versions: they
are factory programmed FLASH devices.
ST7FLITE3 devices are shipped to customers with
a default program memory content (FFh), while
FASTROM factory coded parts contain the code
supplied by the customer. This implies that FLASH
devices have to be configured by the customer using the Option Bytes.
15.1 FLASH OPTION BYTES
The two option bytes allow the hardware configuration of the microcontroller to be selected.
OPTION BYTE 0
OPT7 = AWUCK Auto Wake Up Clock Selection
0: 32-KHz Oscillator (VLP) selected as AWU clock
.
1: AWU RC Oscillator selected as AWU clock.
Note: If this bit is reset, internal RC oscillator must
be selected (Option OSC=0).
OPT6:4 = OSCRANGE[2:0] Oscillator Range
When the internal RC oscillator is not selected
(Option OSC=1), these option bits select the range
of the resonator oscillator current source or the external clock source.
OSCRANGE
2
1
0
LP
1~2MHz
0
0
0
MP
2~4MHz
0
0
1
MS
4~8MHz
0
1
0
HS
8~16MHz
0
1
1
VLP 32.768kHz
1
0
0
External Clock on OSC1
1
0
1
Reserved
1
1
0
External Clock on PB4
1
1
1
Typ.
frequency
range with
Resonator
Note: OSCRANGE[2:0] has no effect when
AWUCK option is set to 0. In this case, the VLP oscillator range is automatically selected as AWU
clock.
158/167
OPT 3:2 = SEC[1:0] Sector 0 size definition
These option bits indicate the size of sector 0 according to the following table.
Sector 0 Size
SEC1
SEC0
0.5k
0
0
1k
0
1
2
1
0
4k
1
1
OPT1 = FMP_R Read-out protection
Readout protection, when selected provides a protection against program memory content extraction and against write access to Flash memory.
Erasing the option bytes when the FMP_R option
is selected will cause the whole memory to be
erased first and the device can be reprogrammed.
Refer to the ST7 Flash Programming Reference
Manual and section 4.5 on page 13 for more details
0: Read-out protection off
1: Read-out protection on
OPT 0 = FMP_W FLASH write protection
This option indicates if the FLASH program memory is write protected.
Warning: When this option is selected, the program memory (and the option bit itself) can never
be erased or programmed again.
0: Write protection off
1: Write protection on
The option bytes have no address in the memory
map and can be accessed only in programming
mode (for example using a standard ST7 programming tool). The default content of the FLASH is
fixed to FFh.
ST7LITE3
OPTION BYTES (Cont’d)
OPTION BYTE 0
OPTION BYTE 1
7
AWU
CK
Default
Value
1
0
OSCRANGE
2:0
1
1
1
7
0
PLL PLL
SEC1 SEC0 FMPR FMPW
x4x8 OFF
1
1
0
OPTION BYTE 1
OPT 7 = PLLx4x8 PLL Factor Selection.
0: PLLx4
1: PLLx8
0
1
1
Res. OSC
1
0
WDG WDG
SW HALT
1:0
1
1
1
1
OPT 3:2 = LVD[1:0] Low Voltage Selection
These option bits enable the voltage detection
block (LVD and AVD) with a selected threshold to
the LVD and AVD.
Configuration
OPT 6 = PLLOFF PLL Disable
This option bit enables or disables the PLL.
0: PLL enabled
1: PLL disabled (bypassed)
LVD
VD1
VD0
LVD Off
1
1
Highest Voltage Threshold
1
0
Medium Voltage Threshold
0
1
Lowest Voltage Threshold
0
0
OPT 5 = Reserved. Must always be set to 1.
OPT 4 = OSC RC Oscillator Selection
This option bit enables to select the internal RC
Oscillator.
0: RC Oscillator on
1: RC Oscillator off
OPT 1 = WDGSW Hardware or Software Watchdog
0: Hardware (watchdog always enabled)
1: Software (watchdog to be enabled by software)
OPT 0 = WDG HALT Watchdog Reset on Halt
0: No reset generation when entering HALT mode
1: Reset generation when entering HALT mode
159/167
ST7LITE3
15.2 DEVICE ORDERING INFORMATION AND TRANSFER OF CUSTOMER CODE
Customer code is made up of the FASTROM contents and the list of the selected options (if any).
The FASTROM contents are to be sent on diskette, or by electronic means, with the S19 hexadecimal file generated by the development tool. All
unused bytes must be set to FFh. The selected options are communicated to STMicroelectronics us-
ing the correctly completed OPTION LIST appended on page 161.
Refer to application note AN1635 for information
on the counter listing returned by ST after code
has been transferred.
The STMicroelectronics Sales Organization will be
pleased to provide detailed information on contractual points.
Table 24. Supported part numbers
Part Number
Program
Memory
(Bytes)
Data
EEPROM
(Bytes)
RAM
(Bytes)
INTERNAL
RC
Temp.
Range
Package
ST7FLITE30F2B6
-
-
DIP20
ST7FLITE30F2M6
-
-
SO20
ST7FLITE35F2B6
ST7FLITE35F2M6
8K FLASH
-
384
yes
yes
-40°C +85°C
DIP20
SO20
ST7FLITE39F2B6
256
yes
DIP20
ST7FLITE39F2M6
256
yes
SO20
Contact ST sales office for product availability
160/167
ST7LITE3
ST7LITE3 FASTROM MICROCONTROLLER OPTION LIST
(Last update: July 2005)
Customer
Address
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
..........................................................................
Contact
..........................................................................
Phone No
..........................................................................
Reference FASTROM Code*: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*FASTROM code name is assigned by STMicroelectronics.
FASTROM code must be sent in .S19 format. .Hex extension cannot be processed.
Device Type/Memory Size/Package (check only one option):
--------------------------------- | | ----------------------------------------FASTROM DEVICE:
8K FASTROM
--------------------------------- | | ----------------------------------------PDIP20:
||
[]
SO20:
||
[]
Conditioning (check only one option):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
- Packaged Product (do not specify for DIP package) |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------[ ] Tape & Reel
[ ] Tube
|
Special Marking:
[ ] No
[ ] Yes "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ "
Authorized characters are letters, digits, '.', '-', '/' and spaces only.
Maximum character count:
PDIP20/SO20 (8 char. max) : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
AWUCK Selection
Clock Source Selection:
[ ] 32-KHz Oscillator
[ ] AWU RC Oscillator
[ ] Resonator:
[ ] VLP: Very Low power resonator (32 to 100 kHz)
[ ] LP: Low power resonator (1 to 2 MHz)
[ ] MP: Medium power resonator (2 to 4 MHz)
[ ] MS: Medium speed resonator (4 to 8 MHz)
[ ] HS: High speed resonator (8 to 16 MHz)
[ ] External Clock
[ ] on PB4
[ ] on OSC1
[ ] Internal RC Oscillator
Sector 0 size:
[ ] 0.5K
[ ] 1K
[ ] 2K
Readout Protection:
FLASH Write Protection
PLL
[ ] Disabled
[ ] Disabled
[ ] Disabled
[ ] Enabled
[ ] Enabled
[ ] PLLx4
[ ] PLLx8
LVD Reset
[ ] Disabled
[ ] Highest threshold
[ ] Medium threshold
[ ] Lowest threshold
Watchdog Selection:
[ ] Software Activation
[ ] Hardware Activation
Watchdog Reset on Halt:
[ ] Disabled
[ ] Enabled
[ ] 4K
Comments : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supply Operating Range in the application: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notes
..........................................................................
Date:
..........................................................................
Signature:
..........................................................................
Important note: Not all configurations are available. See section 15.1 on page 158 for authorized option byte
combinations.
Please download the latest version of this option list from:
http://www.st.com/mcu > downloads > ST7 microcontrollers > Option list
161/167
ST7LITE3
15.3 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
STMicroelectronics offers a range of hardware
and software development tools for the ST7 microcontroller family. Full details of tools available for
the ST7 from third party manufacturers can be obtained from the STMicroelectronics Internet site:
http//www.st.com.
Tools from these manufacturers include C compliers, evaluation tools, in-circuit debuggers, emulators and programmers.
In-Circuit Debugging Tools
Two types of debuggers are available for the
ST7LITE3 family:
■
ST7FLITE-SK/RAIS
Low-cost
in-circuit
debugging/programming tool from Raisonance.
STXF-INDART/USB
Low-cost
in-circuit
debugging tool from Softec Microsytem.
Emulators
Two types of emulators are available from ST for
the ST7LITE3 family:
■ ST7 DVP3 entry-level emulator offers a flexible
and modular debugging and programming
solution.
■
■
ST7 EMU3 high-end emulator is delivered with
everything (probes, TEB, adapters etc.) needed
to start emulating the ST7LITE3. To configure it
to emulate other ST7 subfamily devices, the
active probe for the ST7EMU3 can be changed
and the ST7EMU3 probe is designed for easy
interchange of TEBs (Target Emulation Board).
See Table 25.
Flash Programming tools
■ ST7-STICK ST7 In-circuit Communication Kit, a
complete software/hardware package for
programming ST7 Flash devices. It connects to
a host PC parallel port and to the target board or
socket board via ST7 ICC connector.
■ ICC Socket Boards provide an easy to use and
flexible means of programming ST7 Flash
devices. They can be connected to any tool that
supports the ST7 ICC interface, such as ST7
EMU3, ST7-DVP3, inDART, Rlink, ST7-STICK,
or many third-party development tools.
Table 25. STMicroelectronics Development Tools
Emulation
Supported
Products
ST7 DVP3 Series
Emulator
ST7FLITE30
ST7FLITE35
ST7FLITE39
Programming
Connection kit
ST7MDT10-DVP3 ST7MDT10-20/DVP
ST7 EMU3 series
Emulator
Active Probe &
T.E.B.
ST7MDT10-EMU3
ST7MDT10-TEB
Note 1: Add suffix /EU, /UK, /US for the power supply of your region.
162/167
ICC Socket
Board
ST7SB10-1231)
ST7LITE3
16 KNOWN LIMITATIONS
16.1
CLEARING
ACTIVE
INTERRUPTS
OUTSIDE INTERRUPT ROUTINE
When an active interrupt request occurs at the
same time as the related flag or interrupt mask is
being cleared, the CC register may be corrupted.
Concurrent interrupt context
The symptom does not occur when the interrupts
are handled normally, i.e. when:
– The interrupt request is cleared (flag reset or interrupt mask) within its own interrupt routine
– The interrupt request is cleared (flag reset or interrupt mask) within any interrupt routine
– The interrupt request is cleared (flag reset or interrupt mask) in any part of the code while this interrupt is disabled
If these conditions are not met, the symptom can
be avoided by implementing the following sequence:
Perform SIM and RIM operation before and after
resetting an active interrupt request
Ex:
SIM
reset flag or interrupt mask
RIM
16.2 LINSCI LIMITATIONS
16.2.1 LINSCI wrong break duration
SCI Mode
A single break character is sent by setting and resetting the SBK bit in the SCICR2 register. In
some cases, the break character may have a longer duration than expected:
- 20 bits instead of 10 bits if M=0
- 22 bits instead of 11 bits if M=1.
In the same way, as long as the SBK bit is set,
break characters are sent to the TDO pin. This
may lead to generate one break more than expected.
Occurrence
The occurrence of the problem is random and proportional to the baudrate. With a transmit frequency of 19200 baud (fCPU=8MHz and SCIBRR=0xC9), the wrong break duration occurrence
is around 1%.
Workaround
If this wrong duration is not compliant with the
communication protocol in the application, software can request that an Idle line be generated
before the break character. In this case, the break
duration is always correct assuming the application is not doing anything between the idle and the
163/167
ST7LITE3
IMPORTANT NOTES (Cont’d)
break. This can be ensured by temporarily disabling interrupts.
The exact sequence is:
- Disable interrupts
- Reset and Set TE (IDLE request)
- Set and Reset SBK (Break Request)
- Re-enable interrupts
LIN mode
If the LINE bit in the SCICR3 is set and the M bit in
the SCICR1 register is reset, the LINSCI is in LIN
master mode. A single break character is sent by
setting and resetting the SBK bit in the SCICR2
register. In some cases, the break character may
have a longer duration than expected:
- 24 bits instead of 13 bits
Occurrence
The occurrence of the problem is random and proportional to the baudrate. With a transmit frequency of 19200 baud (fCPU=8MHz and SCIBRR=0xC9), the wrong break duration occurrence
is around 1%.
Analysis
The LIN protocol specifies a minimum of 13 bits for
the break duration, but there is no maximum value.
Nevertheless, the maximum length of the header
is specified as (14+10+10+1)x1.4=49 bits. This is
composed of:
- the synch break field (14 bits),
- the synch field (10 bits),
- the identifier field (10 bits).
Every LIN frame starts with a break character.
Adding an idle character increases the length of
each header by 10 bits. When the problem occurs,
the header length is increased by 11 bits and becomes ((14+11)+10+10+1)=45 bits.
To conclude, the problem is not always critical for
LIN communication if the software keeps the time
between the sync field and the ID smaller than 4
bits, i.e. 208us at 19200 baud.
The workaround is the same as for SCI mode but
considering the low probability of occurrence (1%),
it may be better to keep the break generation sequence as it is.
16.2.2 Header Time-out does not prevent wakeup from mute Mode
Normally, when LINSCI is configured in LIN slave
mode, if a header time-out occurs during a LIN
header reception (i.e. header length > 57 bits), the
LIN Header Error bit (LHE) is set, an interrupt occurs to inform the application but the LINSCI
should stay in mute mode, waiting for the next
header reception.
Problem Description
The LINSCI sampling period is Tbit / 16. If a LIN
Header time-out occurs between the 9th and the
15th sample of the Identifier Field Stop Bit (refer to
Figure 107), the LINSCI wakes up from mute
mode. Nevertheless, LHE is set and LIN Header
Detection Flag (LHDF) is kept cleared.
In addition, if LHE is reset by software before this
15th sample (by accessing the SCISR register and
reading the SCIDR register in the LINSCI interrupt
routine), the LINSCI will generate another LINSCI
interrupt (due to the RDRF flag setting).
Figure 107. Header Reception Event Sequence
LIN Synch
Break
LIN Synch
Field
Identifier
Field
THEADER
ID field STOP bit
Critical
Window
Active mode is set
(RWU is cleared)
164/167
RDRF flag is set
ST7LITE3
IMPORTANT NOTES (Cont’d)
Impact on application
Software may execute the interrupt routine twice
after header reception.
Moreover, in reception mode, as the receiver is no
longer in mute mode, an interrupt will be generated on each data byte reception.
Workaround
The problem can be detected in the LINSCI interrupt routine. In case of timeout error (LHE is set
and LHLR is loaded with 00h), the software can
check the RWU bit in the SCICR2 register. If RWU
is cleared, it can be set by software. Refer to Figure 108. Workaround is shown in bold characters.
Figure 108. LINSCI Interrupt routine
@interrupt void LINSCI_IT ( void ) /* LINSCI interrupt routine */
{
/* clear flags */
SCISR_buffer = SCISR;
SCIDR_buffer = SCIDR;
if ( SCISR_buffer & LHE )/* header error ? */
{
if (!LHLR)/* header time-out? */
{
if ( !(SCICR2 & RWU) )/* active mode ? */
{
_asm("sim");/* disable interrupts */
SCISR;
SCIDR;/* Clear RDRF flag */
SCICR2 |= RWU;/* set mute mode */
SCISR;
SCIDR;/* Clear RDRF flag */
SCICR2 |= RWU;/* set mute mode */
_asm("rim");/* enable interrupts */
}
}
}
}
Example using Cosmic compiler syntax
165/167
ST7LITE3
17 REVISION HISTORY
Date
29-Jul-05
166/167
Revision
Main changes
4.0
First release on Internet
Main changes (versus rev. 3.0):
– Changed status of the document: datasheet instead of preliminary data
– Changed number of timers on first page
– Changed IDD(PLL) and added note 4 to IDD(RC) in section 13.3.1.1 on page 132 and section
13.3.1.2 on page 134
– Removed section 13.3.2 (General Operating Conditions: Suffix 3 Devices)
– Removed note 7 to section 13.6 on page 141
– Added Vhys typical value to section 13.8.1 on page 144 and changed RPU typ value at
VDD=3V
– Added Figure 69 on page 133 and Figure 71 on page 135
– Added Figure 70 on page 133 and Figure 72 on page 135
– Added Figure 73, Figure 74 and Figure 75 on page 136
– Added note to Figure 82 on page 144
– Added Figure 83 on page 145
– Removed min and max values for VDD=3V and VDD=4V in section 13.8.2 on page 146
– Added RON typ value for VDD=3V in section 13.9.1 on page 149 and changed RON typ value
for VDD=5V
– In section 13.11 on page 153, added fADC min value, CADC and RAIN values and removed
IADC row
– Changed section 15.3 on page 162 (removed note 1 to DVP3 and added in-circuit debugging tools)
ST7LITE3
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences
of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted
by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject
to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not
authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics.
All other names are the property of their respective owners
© 2005 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved
STMicroelectronics group of companies
Australia – Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China – Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America
www.st.com
167/167