TI LM317L-N

LM317L-N
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SNVS775J – MARCH 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2013
LM317L-N 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator
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FEATURES
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2
•
•
Adjustable Output Down to 1.2V
100mA Output Current
Line Regulation Typically 0.01%V
Load Regulation Typically 0.1%
Current Limit Constant with Temperature
Eliminates the Need to Stock Many Voltages
Standard 3-lead Transistor Package
80dB Ripple Rejection
Available in TO-92, SOIC-8, or 6-DSBGA
Package
Output is Short Circuit Protected
See AN-1112 (SNVA009) for DSBGA
Considerations
DESCRIPTION
The LM317L-N is an adjustable 3-terminal positive
voltage regulator capable of supplying 100mA over a
1.2V to 37V output range. It is exceptionally easy to
use and requires only two external resistors to set the
output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation
are better than standard fixed regulators. Also, the
LM317L-N is available packaged in a standard TO-92
transistor package which is easy to use.
In addition to higher performance than fixed
regulators, the LM317L-N offers full overload
protection. Included on the chip are current limit,
thermal overload protection and safe area protection.
All overload protection circuitry remains fully
functional even if the adjustment terminal is
disconnected.
Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device
is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter
capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed.
An optional output capacitor can be added to improve
transient response. The adjustment terminal can be
bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejection ratios
which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal
regulators.
Besides replacing fixed regulators, the LM317L-N is
useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since
the regulator is “floating” and sees only the input-tooutput differential voltage, supplies of several
hundred volts can be regulated as long as the
maximum input-to-output differential is not exceeded.
Also, it makes an especially simple adjustable
switching regulator, a programmable output regulator,
or by connecting a fixed resistor between the
adjustment and output, the LM317L-N can be used
as a precision current regulator. Supplies with
electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the
adjustment terminal to ground which programs the
output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current.
The LM317L-N is available in a standard TO-92
transistor package, the SOIC-8 package, and 6DSBGA package. The LM317L-N is rated for
operation over a −40°C to 125°C range.
Connection Diagram
Figure 1. TO-92 Plastic package
Figure 2. 8-Pin SOIC - Top View
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2000–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated
LM317L-N
SNVS775J – MARCH 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2013
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*NC = Not Internally connected.
Figure 3. 6-DSBGA - Top View
(Bump Side Down)
Figure 4. DSBGA Laser Mark
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
Absolute Maximum Rating
(1) (2)
Power Dissipation
Internally Limited
Input-Output Voltage Differential
40V
Operating Junction Temperature Range
−40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature
−55°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 4 seconds)
Output is Short Circuit Protected
ESD Susceptibility
(1)
(2)
(3)
2
260°C
Human Body Mode (3)
2kV
“Absolute Maximum Ratings” indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for
which the device is functional, but do not ensure specific performance limits.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/Distributors for availability and
specifications.
The human body model is a 100pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor into each pin.
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Electrical Characteristics
(1)
Parameter
Conditions
Typ
Max
Units
0.01
0.04
%/V
0.1
0.5
%
TJ = 25°C, 10ms Pulse
0.04
0.2
%/W
50
100
μA
Adjustment Pin Current
5mA ≤ IL ≤ 100mA
0.2
5
μA
Change
3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 40V, P ≤ 625mW
Reference Voltage
3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 40V (3)
5mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 100mA, P ≤ 625mW
1.25
1.30
V
Line Regulation
3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 40V, IL ≤ 20mA (2)
0.02
0.07
%/V
0.3
1.5
%
mA
Line Regulation
TJ = 25°C, 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 40V, IL ≤ 20mA (2)
Load Regulation
TJ = 25°C, 5mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IMAX
Thermal Regulation
Min
(2)
Adjustment Pin Current
1.20
(2)
Load Regulation
5mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 100mA
Temperature Stability
TMIN ≤ TJ ≤ TMax
0.65
Minimum Load Current
(VIN − VOUT) ≤ 40V
3.5
5
3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 15V
1.5
2.5
Current Limit
3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 13V
100
200
300
mA
(VIN − VOUT) = 40V
25
50
150
mA
Rms Output Noise, % of VOUT
TJ = 25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10kHz
Ripple Rejection Ratio
VOUT = 10V, f = 120Hz, CADJ = 0
CADJ = 10μF
Long-Term Stability
Junction to Ambient
Thermal Resistance
(1)
(2)
(3)
%
66
0.003
%
65
dB
80
dB
TJ = 125°C, 1000 Hours
0.3
1
%
Z Package 0.4″ Leads
180
°C/W
Z Package 0.125 Leads
160
°C/W
SOIC-8 Package
165
°C/W
6-DSBGA
290
°C/W
Unless otherwise noted, these specifications apply: −25°C ≤ Tj ≤ 125°C for the LM317L-N; VIN − VOUT = 5V and IOUT = 40mA. Although
power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for power dissipations up to 625mW. IMAX is 100mA.
Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to
heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation.
Thermal resistance of the TO-92 package is 180°C/W junction to ambient with 0.4″ leads from a PC board and 160°C/W junction to
ambient with 0.125″ lead length to PC board.
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Typical Performance Characteristics
(Output capacitor = 0μF unless otherwise noted.)
4
Load Regulation
Current Limit
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Adjustment Current
Dropout Voltage
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Reference Voltage Temperature Stability
Minimum Operating Current
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
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Typical Performance Characteristics (continued)
(Output capacitor = 0μF unless otherwise noted.)
Ripple Rejection
Ripple Rejection
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Output Impedance
Line Transient Response
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Load Transient Response
Thermal Regulation
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
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APPLICATION HINTS
In operation, the LM317L-N develops a nominal 1.25V reference voltage, VREF, between the output and
adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is
constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage of
(1)
Since the 100μA current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM317L-N was designed to
minimize IADJ and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is
returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output,
the output will rise.
EXTERNAL CAPACITORS
An input bypass capacitor is recommended in case the regulator is more than 6 inches away from the usual large
filter capacitor. A 0.1μF disc or 1μF solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all
applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output
capacitors are used, but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems.
The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM317L-N to improve ripple rejection and noise. This
bypass capacitor prevents ripple and noise from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10μF
bypass capacitor 80dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10μF do not appreciably
improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes
necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current
paths and damaging the device.
In general, the best type of capacitors to use is solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance
even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25μF in aluminum electrolytic to
equal 1μF solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies; but some
types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5MHz. For this reason, a 0.01μF disc may
seem to work better than a 0.1μF disc as a bypass.
Although the LM317L-N is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external
capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500pF and 5000pF. A 1μF solid
tantalum (or 25μF aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability.
LOAD REGULATION
The LM317L-N is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to
obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the
output terminal (usually 240Ω) should be tied directly to the output of the regulator rather than near the load. This
eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For
example, a 15V regulator with 0.05Ω resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due to
line resistance of 0.05Ω × IL. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be
0.05Ω (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse.
Figure 17 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240Ω set resistor.
With the TO-92 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two
separate leads to the output pin. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide
remote ground sensing and improve load regulation.
6
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Figure 17. Regulator with Line Resistance in Output Lead
THERMAL REGULATION
When power is dissipated in an IC, a temperature gradient occurs across the IC chip affecting the individual IC
circuit components. With an IC regulator, this gradient can be especially severe since power dissipation is large.
Thermal regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on output voltage (in percentage output change)
per watt of power change in a specified time. Thermal regulation error is independent of electrical regulation or
temperature coefficient, and occurs within 5ms to 50ms after a change in power dissipation. Thermal regulation
depends on IC layout as well as electrical design. The thermal regulation of a voltage regulator is defined as the
percentage change of VOUT, per watt, within the first 10ms after a step of power is applied. The LM317L-N
specification is 0.2%/W, maximum.
In the Thermal Regulation curve at the bottom of the Typical Performance Characteristics page, a typical
LM317L-N's output changes only 7mV (or 0.07% of VOUT = −10V) when a 1W pulse is applied for 10ms. This
performance is thus well inside the specification limit of 0.2%/W × 1W = 0.2% maximum. When the 1W pulse is
ended, the thermal regulation again shows a 7mV change as the gradients across the LM317L-N chip die out.
Note that the load regulation error of about 14mV (0.14%) is additional to the thermal regulation error.
PROTECTION DIODES
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to
prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10μF capacitors have
low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is
enough energy to damage parts of the IC.
When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge
into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage
of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM317L-N, this discharge path is through a large junction
that is able to sustain a 2A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output
capacitors of 25 μF or less, the LM317L-N's ballast resistors and output structure limit the peak current to a low
enough level so that there is no need to use a protection diode.
The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs
when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM317L-N is a 50Ω resistor which limits the peak
discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25V or less and 10μF capacitance. Figure 18
shows an LM317L-N with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25V and high values of
output capacitance.
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D1 protects against C1
D2 protects against C2
Figure 18. Regulator with Protection Diodes
LM317L-N DSBGA Light Sensitivity
Exposing the LM317L-N DSBGA package to bright sunlight may cause the VREF to drop. In a normal office
environment of fluorescent lighting the output is not affected. The LM317 DSBGA does not sustain permanent
damage from light exposure. Removing the light source will cause LM317L-N's VREF to recover to the proper
value.
Schematic Diagram
8
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Typical Applications
*Sets maximum VOUT
Figure 19. Digitally Selected Outputs
Figure 20. High Gain Amplifier
12 ≤ R1 ≤ 240
Figure 21. Adjustable Current Limiter
Figure 22. Precision Current Limiter
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Figure 23. Slow Turn-On 15V Regulator
†Solid tantalum
*Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground
Figure 24. Adjustable Regulator with Improved Ripple Rejection
Figure 25. High Stability 10V Regulator
10
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Short circuit current is approximately 600 mV/R3, or 60mA (compared to LM317L-NZ's 200mA current limit).
At 25mA output only 3/4V of drop occurs in R3 and R4.
Figure 26. Adjustable Regulator with Current Limiter
Full output current not available at high input-output voltages
Figure 27. 0V–30V Regulator
Figure 28. Regulator With 15mA Short Circuit Current
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Figure 29. Power Follower
*All outputs within ± 100mV
†Minimum load −5mA
Figure 30. Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators with Single Control*
Figure 31. 100mA Current Regulator
*Minimum load current ≈ 2 mA
Figure 32. 1.2V–12V Regulator with Minimum Program Current
12
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Figure 33. 50mA Constant Current Battery Charger for Nickel-Cadmium Batteries
*Minimum output ≈ 1.2V
Figure 34. 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown*
*Sets peak current, IPEAK = 0.6V/R1
**1000μF is recommended to filter out any input transients.
Figure 35. Current Limited 6V Charger
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Figure 36. Short Circuit Protected 80V Supply
Q1, Q2: NSD134 or similar
C1, C2: 1μF, 200V mylar**
*Heat sink
Figure 37. Basic High Voltage Regulator
14
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Q1, Q2: NSD134 or similar
C1, C2: 1μF, 200V mylar**
*Heat sink
**Mylar is a registered trademark of DuPont Co.
Figure 38. Precision High Voltage Regulator
A1 = LM301A, LM307, or LF13741 only
R1, R2 = matched resistors with good TC tracking
Figure 39. Tracking Regulator
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Trim Procedure:
— If VOUT is 23.08V or higher, cut out R3 (if lower, don't cut it out).
— Then if VOUT is 22.47V or higher, cut out R4 (if lower, don't).
— Then if VOUT is 22.16V or higher, cut out R5 (if lower, don't).
This will trim the output to well within ±1% of 22.00 VDC, without any of the expense or uncertainty of a trim pot (see
LB-46). Of course, this technique can be used at any output voltage level.
Figure 40. Regulator With Trimmable Output Voltage
*R1–R4 from thin-film network,
Beckman 694-3-R2K-D or similar
Figure 41. Precision Reference with Short-Circuit Proof Output
16
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Full output current not available at high input-output voltages
†Optional—improves transient response
*Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors
Figure 42. 1.2V-25 Adjustable Regulator
Figure 43. Fully Protected (Bulletproof) Lamp Driver
Output rate—4 flashes per second at 10% duty cycle
Figure 44. Lamp Flasher
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REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Revision I (March 2013) to Revision J
•
18
Page
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ............................................................................................................ 9
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
21-May-2013
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
(2)
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
LM317LITP/NOPB
ACTIVE
DSBGA
YPB
6
250
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SNAGCU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
P
1
LM317LITPX/NOPB
ACTIVE
DSBGA
YPB
6
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SNAGCU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
P
1
LM317LM/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM317
LM
LM317LMX
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
LM317
LM
LM317LMX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM317
LM
LM317LZ/LFT1
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
LM317
LZ
LM317LZ/LFT2
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
LM317
LZ
LM317LZ/LFT3
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SNCU
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
LM317
LZ
LM317LZ/LFT4
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SNCU
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
LM317
LZ
LM317LZ/LFT7
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
LM317
LZ
LM317LZ/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
SNCU
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM317
LZ
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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21-May-2013
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
26-Mar-2013
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
LM317LITP/NOPB
DSBGA
YPB
6
250
178.0
LM317LITPX/NOPB
DSBGA
YPB
6
3000
LM317LMX
SOIC
D
8
2500
LM317LMX/NOPB
SOIC
D
8
2500
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
8.4
1.09
1.75
0.66
4.0
178.0
8.4
1.09
1.75
0.66
330.0
12.4
6.5
5.4
2.0
330.0
12.4
6.5
5.4
2.0
Pack Materials-Page 1
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
8.0
Q1
4.0
8.0
Q1
8.0
12.0
Q1
8.0
12.0
Q1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
26-Mar-2013
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
LM317LITP/NOPB
DSBGA
YPB
6
250
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM317LITPX/NOPB
DSBGA
YPB
6
3000
210.0
185.0
35.0
LM317LMX
SOIC
D
8
2500
367.0
367.0
35.0
LM317LMX/NOPB
SOIC
D
8
2500
367.0
367.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
MECHANICAL DATA
YPB0006
D
0.5±0.045
E
TPA06XXX (Rev B)
D: Max = 1.68 mm, Min = 1.619 mm
E: Max = 1.019 mm, Min =0.958 mm
4215099/A
NOTES:
A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M-1994.
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
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