APEX SA03

��������������������������������
����
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
��������������������������������������������������������������
FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
•
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE—16-100V
30A CONTINUOUS TO 60°C case
3 PROTECTION CIRCUITS
ANALOG OR DIGITAL INPUTS
SYNCHRONIZED OR EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR
FLEXIBLE FREQUENCY CONTROL
����
�
���
������
��
���
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
MOTORS TO 4HP
REACTIVE LOADS
LOW FREQUENCY SONAR
LARGE PIEZO ELEMENTS
OFF-LINE DRIVERS
C-D WELD CONTROLLER
12-PIN POWER DIP
PACKAGE STYLE CR
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
DESCRIPTION
��������
The SA03 is a pulse width amplifier that can supply 3000W
to the load. An internal 45kHz oscillator requires no external
components. The clock input stage divides the oscillator
frequency by two, which provides the basic switching of
22.5 kHz. External oscillators may also be used to lower the
switching frequency or to synchronize multiple amplifiers.
Current sensing is provided for each half of the bridge giving amplitude and direction data. A shutdown input turns off
all four drivers of the H bridge output. A high side current
limit and the programmable low side current limit protect the
amplifier from shorts to supply or ground in addition to load
shorts. The H bridge output MOSFETs are protected from
thermal overloads by directly sensing the temperature of the
die. The 12-pin hermetic MO-127 power package occupies
only 3 square inches of board space.
BLOCK DIAGRAM AND TYPICAL APPLICATION
�
��
�
��
���������
�
���
�
�
�
�
�
�
�
���
�����
���������
��������������������������������������������������������������������
�������������������������������������������������������
��������������������������������������
���������������������������������������
�
���
�����
���
�����
������
�������
�
���
�����
��
�����
�������
��
��
���������
��
��������
�������
�
�
���������
�
��
�����
������
��
�
���
�������
������
� ���
��
���
�
������
���
����
���������
�������
�����
����
�
�
�����
������������
���
��
���������
������
�������
����
���������
������
��
��
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected]
1
SA03
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VCC
POWER DISSIPATION, internal
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s
TEMPERATURE, junction2
TEMPERATURE, storage
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
INPUT VOLTAGE, +PWM
INPUT VOLTAGE, –PWM
INPUT VOLTAGE, ILIM
TEST CONDITIONS2
MIN
IOUT ≤ 1mA
IOUT ≤ 1mA
4.8
0
44
100V
16V
300W
300°C
150°C
–65 to +150°C
–55 to +125°C
0 to +11V
0 to +11V
0 to +10V
TYP
MAX
UNITS
5.3
.4
46
V
V
kHz
V
V
V
V
CLOCK (CLK)
CLK OUT, high level4
CLK OUT, low level4
FREQUENCY
RAMP, center voltage
RAMP, P-P voltage
CLK IN, low level4
CLK IN, high level4
45
5
4
0
3.7
.9
5.4
OUTPUT
TOTAL RON
EFFICIENCY, 10A output
SWITCHING FREQUENCY
CURRENT, continuous4
CURRENT, peak4
.16
VS = 100V
OSC in ÷ 2
60°C case
22
30
40
97
22.5
23
Ω
%
kHz
A
A
100
16
80
50
50
V
V
mA
mA
mA
110
100
mV
nA
.83
°C/W
°C/W
°C
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE, VS
VOLTAGE, VCC
CURRENT, VCC
CURRENT, VCC, shutdown
CURRENT, VS
Full temperature range
Full temperature range
IOUT = 0
165
14
60
15
No Load
ILIM/SHUTDOWN
TRIP POINT
INPUT CURRENT
90
THERMAL3
RESISTANCE, junction to case
RESISTANCE, junction to air
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
NOTES: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CAUTION
Full temperature range, for each die
Full temperature range
Meets full range specifications
12
–25
+85
Each of the two active output transistors can dissipate 150W.
Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, VS, VCC at typical specification.
Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power
dissipation to achieve high MTTF. For guidance, refer to the heatsink data sheet.
Guaranteed but not tested.
If 100% duty cycle is not required VS(MIN) = 0V.
The SA03 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed.
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush,
machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
2
SA03
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
�
�����������
�����������������
�
��
��
��
���
���������������������
��
��
��
�������������
����������������
�
�
�
�
�
���
���
���
���
���
���
�����������������������������
���������������
���������������
��
��
��
���
���
����������������������
���������������������
���������
������������
���
���
������
���������
��
��
��
��
����
�
����
��������
���������
��� ��� �
�� �� �� ��� ���
���������������������
�� �� �� ��� ���
��� ��� �
���������������������
���
��
��
��
��
�������������������
��
��
��
�
���
������������������������������������
���
�
�����
��
��
����
�
��
��
����
����
�����
��
����
����
�
��
��
���
����
���
��������������������������
��
�����
���
���
��
���
�
�
�
�����������������
�����
������������������
��
�
�����
����
��
���
��������������������������
�
��
�������������������������������������
�����������������
��
���
��
�
�
�
�
�
�
�������������������������
��
��
�
���
�
�
�
�����������������
�
�����������������������
���
���
���
����
���
����
��
��
��
��
�
��
��
��
�������
��
���
�������������������������������������
��
�����
������������������������������������
���
�
������������������������
�������������������������
���
��
�������������������������
�������������
���
�����������������������
�������������������������������
��������������
���
���������������������
���
��
��
��
��
��
�
��
��
��
��
����������������������������
�������������������������
���
�����������������
��
��
��
��
��
��
�
��
��
��
��
����������������������������
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected]
3
SA03
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
GENERAL
spikes will invariably be found
at the I SENSE pins. The noise
spikes could trip the current limit
�������
threshold which is only 100 mV.
���������
RFILTER and CFILTER should be ad��
justed so as to reduce the switching noise well below 100 mV to
�������
prevent false current limiting.
The sum of the
��������
������������ �
DC level plus
������
�������
the noise peak
������
��������
will determine
the current limit����������������������������
ing value. As in
����������������������
most switching
circuits it may be difficult to determine the true noise amplitude
without careful attention to grounding of the oscilloscope probe.
Use the shortest possible ground lead for the probe and connect exactly at the GND terminal of the amplifier. Suggested
starting values are CFILTER = .01uF, RFILTER = 5k .
The required value of RLIMIT in voltage mode may be calculated by:
RLIMIT = .1 V / ILIMIT
where RLIMIT is the required resistor value, and ILIMIT is the
maximum desired current. In current mode the required value
of each RLIMIT is 2 times this value since the sense voltage is
divided down by 2 (see Figure B). If RSHDN is used it will further
divide down the sense voltage. The shutdown divider network
will also have an effect on the filtering circuit.
���������
Please read Application Note 30 on "PWM Basics". Refer
to Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" for
helpful information regarding power supplies, heat sinking and
mounting. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that
help automate pwm filter design; heat sink selection; Apex’s
complete Application Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
CLOCK CIRCUIT AND RAMP GENERATOR
The clock frequency is internally set to a frequency of approximately 45kHz. The CLK OUT pin will normally be tied to
the CLK IN pin. The clock is divided by two and applied to an
RC network which produces a ramp signal at the –PWM/RAMP
pin. An external clock signal can be applied to the CLK IN pin
for synchronization purposes. If a clock frequency lower than
45kHz is chosen an external capacitor must be tied to the
–PWM/RAMP pin. This capacitor, which parallels an internal
capacitor, must be selected so that the ramp oscillates 4 volts
p-p with the lower peak 3 volts above ground.
PWM INPUTS
The full bridge driver may be accessed via the pwm input
comparator. When +PWM > -PWM then A OUT > B OUT. A
motion control processor which generates the pwm signal can
drive these pins with signals referenced to GND.
PROTECTION CIRCUITS
In addition to the externally programmable current limit there
is also a fixed internal current limit which senses only the high
side current. It is nominally set to 140% of the continuous
rated output current. Should either of the outputs be shorted
to ground the high side current limit will latch off the output
transistors. Also, the temperature of the output transistors is
continually monitored. Should a fault condition occur which
raises the temperature of the output transistors to 165°C
the thermal protection circuit will activate and also latch off
the output transistors. In either case, it will be necessary to
remove the fault condition and recycle power to VCC to restart
the circuit.
CURRENT LIMIT
There are two load current sensing pins, I SENSE A and I
SENSE B. The two pins can be shorted in the voltage mode
connection but both must be used in the current mode connection (see figures A and B). It is recommended that RLIMIT
resistors be non-inductive. Load current flows in the I SENSE
pins. To avoid errors
due to lead lengths ���������
connect the I LIMIT/
SHDN pin directly to
�������
���������
the RLIMIT resistors
(through the filter net�� ��������
work and shutdown ������������ �
������
�������
divider resistor) and
������
connect the R LIMIT
��������
resistors directly to
the GND pin.
����������������������������
Switching noise ����������������������
��
BYPASSING
Adequate bypassing of the power supplies is required for
proper operation. Failure to do so can cause erratic and low
efficiency operation as well as excessive ringing at the outputs. The Vs supply should be bypassed with at least a 1µF
ceramic capacitor in parallel with another low ESR capacitor
of at least 10µF per amp of output current. Capacitor types
rated for switching applications are the only types that should
be considered. The bypass capacitors must be physically
connected directly to the power supply pins. Even one inch of
lead length will cause excessive ringing at the outputs. This is
due to the very fast switching times and the inductance of the
lead connection. The bypassing requirements of the Vcc supply
are less stringent, but still necessary. A .1µF to .47µF ceramic
capacitor connected directly to the Vcc pin will suffice.
STARTUP CONDITIONS
The high side of the all N channel output bridge circuit is
driven by bootstrap circuit and charge pump arrangement. In
order for the circuit to produce a 100% duty cycle indefinitely
the low side of each half bridge circuit must have previously
been in the ON condition. This means, in turn, that if the input
signal to the SA03 at startup is demanding a 100% duty cycle,
the output may not follow the command and may be in a tristate condition. The ramp signal must cross the input signal
at some point to correctly determine the output state. After
the ramp crosses the input signal level one time, the output
state will be correct thereafter.
This data
sheet has been carefullyCORPORATION
checked and is believed
to be NORTH
reliable, however,
no responsibility
is assumed for
possible inaccuracies
omissions.
All specificationsHOTLINE:
are subject to1 change
notice.
APEX
MICROTECHNOLOGY
• 5980
SHANNON
ROAD • TUCSON,
ARIZONA
85741 •orUSA
• APPLICATIONS
(800)without
546-2739
4
SA03U REV. F MARCH 2001
© 2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp.