ICS ICS8432BK-51

PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The ICS8432-51K is a general purpose, dual output Crystal-to-3.3V Differential LVPECL High FreHiPerClockS™
quency Synthesizer and a member of the
HiPerClockS™ family of High Performance Clock
Solutions from ICS. The ICS8432-51K has a selectable TEST_CLK or crystal input. The VCO operates at a
frequency range of 250MHz to 700MHz. The VCO frequency
is programmed in steps equal to the value of the input reference
or crystal frequency. The VCO and output frequency
can be programmed using the serial or parallel interface to
the configuration logic. The low phase noise characteristics
of the ICS8432-51K make it an ideal clock source for Gigabit
Ethernet, Fibre Channel 1 and 2, and Infiniband applications.
• Dual differential 3.3V LVPECL outputs
ICS
• Selectable crystal oscillator interface or
LVCMOS/LVTTL TEST_CLK
• Output frequency range: 31.25MHz to 700MHz
• Crystal input frequency range: 12MHz to 25MHz
• VCO range: 250MHz to 700MHz
• Parallel or serial interface for programming counter
and output dividers
• RMS period jitter: 3.5ps (maximum)
• Cycle-to-cycle jitter: 25ps (maximum)
• 3.3V supply voltage
• 0°C to 70°C ambient operating temperature
• Replaces the ICS8432-01
BLOCK DIAGRAM
PIN ASSIGNMENT
XTAL1
nP_LOAD
M0
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25
1
XTAL2
PLL
PHASE DETECTOR
MR
VCO
÷M
0
1
÷1
÷2
÷4
÷8
M5
1
24
XTAL2
M6
2
23
TEST_CLK
M7
3
22
XTAL_SEL
M8
4
21
VCCA
N0
5
20
S_LOAD
N1
6
19
S_DATA
nc
7
18
S_CLOCK
VEE
8
17
MR
FOUT0
nFOUT0
FOUT1
nFOUT1
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
VEE
nFOUT0
FOUT0
VCCO
nFOUT1
FOUT1
VCC
CONFIGURATION
INTERFACE
LOGIC
ICS8432-51K
TEST
S_LOAD
S_DATA
S_CLOCK
nP_LOAD
M1
OSC
M2
0
XTAL1
M3
M4
XTAL_SEL
TEST_CLK
VCO_SEL
VCO_SEL
TEST
32-Lead VFQFN
5mm x 5mm x 0.95m package body
K Package
Top View
M0:M8
N0:N1
The Preliminary Information presented herein represents a product in prototyping or pre-production. The noted characteristics are based on initial
product characterization. Integrated Circuit Systems, Incorporated (ICS) reserves the right to change any circuitry or specifications without notice.
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
1
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
NOTE: The functional description that follows describes operation using a 25MHz crystal. Valid PLL loop divider values for
different crystal or input frequencies are defined in the Input
Frequency Characteristics, Table 5, NOTE 1.
M divider and N output divider to a specific default state that will
automatically occur during power-up. The TEST output is LOW
when operating in the parallel input mode. The relationship between the VCO frequency, the crystal frequency and the
M divider is defined as follows: fVCO = fxtal x M
The ICS8432-51K features a fully integrated PLL and therefore
requires no external components for setting the loop bandwidth.
A fundamental crystal is used as the input to the on-chip oscillator. The output of the oscillator is fed into the phase detector.
A 25MHz crystal provides a 25MHz phase detector reference
frequency. The VCO of the PLL operates over a range of 250MHz
to 700MHz. The output of the M divider is also applied to the
phase detector.
The M value and the required values of M0 through M8 are shown
in Table 3B, Programmable VCO Frequency Function Table.
Valid M values for which the PLL will achieve lock for a 25MHz
reference are defined as 10 ≤ M ≤ 28. The frequency out is defined as follows: FOUT = fVCO = fxtal x M
N
N
Serial operation occurs when nP_LOAD is HIGH and S_LOAD is
LOW. The shift register is loaded by sampling the S_DATA bits
with the rising edge of S_CLOCK. The contents of the shift register are loaded into the M divider and N output divider when
S_LOAD transitions from LOW-to-HIGH. The M divide and N output divide values are latched on the HIGH-to-LOW transition of
S_LOAD. If S_LOAD is held HIGH, data at the S_DATA input is
passed directly to the M divider and N output divider on each rising edge of S_CLOCK. The serial mode can be used to program
the M and N bits and test bits T1 and T0. The internal registers T0
and T1 determine the state of the TEST output as follows:
The phase detector and the M divider force the VCO output frequency to be M times the reference frequency by adjusting the
VCO control voltage. Note that for some values of M (either too
high or too low), the PLL will not achieve lock. The output of the
VCO is scaled by a divider prior to being sent to each of the LVPECL
output buffers. The divider provides a 50% output duty cycle.
The programmable features of the ICS8432-51K support two
input modes to program the M divider and N output divider. The
two input operational modes are parallel and serial. Figure 1
shows the timing diagram for each mode. In parallel mode, the
nP_LOAD input is initially LOW. The data on inputs M0 through
M8 and N0 and N1 is passed directly to the M divider and
N output divider. On the LOW-to-HIGH transition of the nP_LOAD
input, the data is latched and the M divider remains loaded until
the next LOW transition on nP_LOAD or until a serial event occurs. As a result, the M and N bits can be hardwired to set the
T1
T0
TEST Output
0
0
LOW
0
1
S_Data, Shift Register Input
1
0
Output of M divider
1
1
CMOS Fout
SERIAL LOADING
S_CLOCK
S_DATA
T1
t
S
S_LOAD
t
T0
*NULL
N1
N0
M8
M7
M6
M5
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
H
t
nP_LOAD
S
PARALLEL LOADING
M0:M8, N0:N1
M, N
nP_LOAD
t
S
t
Time
H
FIGURE 1. PARALLEL & SERIAL LOAD OPERATIONS
*NOTE: The NULL timing slot must be observed.
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
2
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
TABLE 1. PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Number
Name
Type
1
M5
2, 3, 4,
28, 29,
30, 31, 32
M6, M7, M8,
M0, M1,
M2, M3, M4
Input
M divider inputs. Data latched on LOW-to-HIGH transition
Pulldown of nP_LOAD input. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
5, 6
N0, N1
Input
Pulldown
7
nc
Unused
8, 16
VEE
Power
Negative supply pins.
9
TEST
Output
Test output which is ACTIVE in the serial mode of operation. Output
driven LOW in parallel mode. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
10
VCC
Power
Core supply pin.
11, 12
FOUT1, nFOUT1
Output
Differential output for the synthesizer. 3.3V LVPECL interface levels.
13
VCCO
Power
Output supply pin.
14, 15
FOUT0, nFOUT0
Output
Differential output for the synthesizer. 3.3V LVPECL interface levels.
Input
Description
Pullup
Determines output divider value as defined in Table 3C,
Function Table. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
No connect.
Active High Master Reset. When logic HIGH, the internal dividers
are reset causing the true outputs FOUTx to go low and the
inver ted outputs nFOUTx to go high. When logic LOW, the internal
dividers and the outputs are enabled. Asser tion of MR does not
effect loaded M, N, and T values. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
Clocks in serial data present at S_DATA input into the shift register
on the rising edge of S_CLOCK. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
Shift register serial input. Data sampled on the rising edge of
S_CLOCK. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
Controls transition of data from shift register into the dividers.
LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
17
MR
Input
Pulldown
18
S_CLOCK
Input
Pulldown
19
S_DATA
Input
Pulldown
20
S_LOAD
Input
Pulldown
21
VCCA
Power
Analog supply pin.
Selects between crystal or test inputs as the PLL reference source.
Selects XTAL inputs when HIGH. Selects TEST_CLK when LOW.
LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels
22
XTAL_SEL
Input
23
TEST_CLK
Input
24, 25
XTAL2, XTAL1
Input
26
nP_LOAD
Input
27
VCO_SEL
Input
Pullup
Pulldown Test clock input. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
Crystal oscillator interface. XTAL1 is the input. XTAL2 is the output.
Parallel load input. Determines when data present at M8:M0 is
Pulldown loaded into M divider, and when data present at N1:N0 sets the
N output divider value. LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
Determines whether synthesizer is in PLL or bypass mode.
Pullup
LVCMOS / LVTTL interface levels.
NOTE: Pullup and Pulldown refer to internal input resistors. See Table 2, Pin Characteristics, for typical values.
TABLE 2. PIN CHARACTERISTICS
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
CIN
Input Capacitance
4
pF
RPULLUP
Input Pullup Resistor
51
KΩ
RPULLDOWN
Input Pulldown Resistor
51
KΩ
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
3
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
TABLE 3A. PARALLEL
AND
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
SERIAL MODE FUNCTION TABLE
Inputs
Conditions
MR
nP_LOAD
M
N
S_LOAD
S_CLOCK
S_DATA
H
X
X
X
X
X
X
Reset. Forces outputs LOW.
L
L
Data
Data
X
X
X
Data on M and N inputs passed directly to the M
divider and N output divider. TEST output forced LOW.
L
↑
Data
Data
L
X
X
L
H
X
X
L
↑
Data
L
H
X
X
↑
L
Data
L
H
X
X
↓
L
Data
M divider and N output divider values are latched.
L
H
X
X
L
X
X
Parallel or serial input do not affect shift registers.
L
H
X
X
H
↑
Data
Data is latched into input registers and remains loaded
until next LOW transition or until a serial event occurs.
Serial input mode. Shift register is loaded with data on
S_DATA on each rising edge of S_CLOCK.
Contents of the shift register are passed to the
M divider and N output divider.
S_DATA passed directly to M divider as it is clocked.
NOTE: L = LOW
H = HIGH
X = Don't care
↑ = Rising edge transition
↓ = Falling edge transition
TABLE 3B. PROGRAMMABLE VCO FREQUENCY FUNCTION TABLE
256
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
1
M8
M7
M6
M5
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
650
26
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
675
27
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
VCO Frequency
(MHz)
M Divide
250
10
275
700
28
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
NOTE 1: These M divide values and the resulting frequencies correspond to cr ystal or TEST_CLK input frequency
of 25MHz.
0
TABLE 3C. PROGRAMMABLE OUTPUT DIVIDER FUNCTION TABLE
Inputs
N1
N0
0
0
N Divider Value
1
Output Frequency (MHz)
Minimum
Maximum
250
700
0
1
2
125
350
1
0
4
62.5
175
1
1
8
31.25
87.5
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
4
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage, VCC
4.6V
Inputs, VI
-0.5V to VCC + 0.5 V
Outputs, IO
Continuous Current
Surge Current
50mA
100mA
Package Thermal Impedance, θJA
41.07°C/W (0 lfpm)
Storage Temperature, TSTG
-65°C to 150°C
NOTE: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute
Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the
device. These ratings are stress specifications only. Functional
operation of product at these conditions or any conditions beyond those listed in the DC Characteristics or AC Characteristics is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability.
TABLE 4A. POWER SUPPLY DC CHARACTERISTICS, VCC = VCCA = VCCO = 3.3V±5%, TA = 0°C TO 70°C
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VCC
Core Supply Voltage
3.135
3.3
3.465
V
VCCA
Analog Supply Voltage
3.135
3.3
3.465
V
3.135
3.3
VCCO
Output Supply Voltage
3.465
V
I EE
Power Supply Current
135
mA
ICCA
Analog Supply Current
15
mA
Maximum
Units
2
VCC + 0.3
V
2
VCC + 0.3
V
-0.3
0.8
V
-0.3
1.3
V
VCC = VIN = 3.465V
150
µA
VCC = VIN = 3.465V
5
µA
TABLE 4B. LVCMOS / LVTTL DC CHARACTERISTICS, VCC = VCCA = VCCO = 3.3V±5%, TA = 0°C TO 70°C
Symbol
Parameter
VIH
Input
High Voltage
VIL
IIH
Input
Low Voltage
Input
High Current
Test Conditions
VCO_SEL, XTAL_SEL, MR,
S_LOAD, nP_LOAD, N0:N1,
S_DATA, S_CLOCK, M0:M8
TEST_CLK
VCO_SEL, XTAL_SEL, MR,
S_LOAD, nP_LOAD, N0:N1,
S_DATA, S_CLOCK, M0:M8
TEST_CLK
M0-M4, M6-M8, N0, N1, MR,
S_CLOCK, TEST_CLK,
S_DATA, S_LOAD, nP_LOAD
M5, XTAL_SEL, VCO_SEL
IIL
Input
Low Current
Minimum
Typical
M0-M4, M6-M8, N0, N1, MR,
S_CLOCK, TEST_CLK,
S_DATA, S_LOAD, nP_LOAD
VCC = 3.465V,
VIN = 0V
-5
µA
M5, XTAL_SEL, VCO_SEL
VCC = 3.465V,
VIN = 0V
-150
µA
2.6
V
VOH
Output
High Voltage
TEST; NOTE 1
VOL
Output
Low Voltage
TEST; NOTE 1
0.5
V
NOTE 1: Outputs terminated with 50Ω to VCCO/2.
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
5
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
TABLE 4C. LVPECL DC CHARACTERISTICS, VCC = VCCA = VCCO = 3.3V±5%, TA = 0°C TO 70°C
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
VOH
Output High Voltage; NOTE 1
VOL
Output Low Voltage; NOTE 1
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
VCCO - 1.4
VCCO - 0.9
V
VCCO - 2.0
VCCO - 1.7
V
1.0
V
Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage Swing
0.6
VSWING
NOTE 1: Outputs terminated with 50 Ω to VCCO - 2V. See "Parameter Measurement Information" section,
figure "3.3V Output Load Test Circuit".
TABLE 5. INPUT FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS, VCC = VCCA = VCCO = 3.3V±5%, TA = 0°C TO 70°C
Symbol Parameter
fIN
Test Conditions
Input Frequency
Maximum
Units
TEST_CLK; NOTE 1
Minimum
12
Typical
25
MHz
XTAL1, XTAL2; NOTE 1
12
25
MHz
S_CLOCK
50
MHz
NOTE 1: For the input cr ystal and TEST_CLK frequency range, the M value must be set for the VCO to operate within the
250MHz to 700MHz range. Using the minimum input frequency of 12MHz, valid values of M are 21 ≤ M ≤ 58. Using the
maximum frequency of 25MHz, valid values of M are 10 ≤ M ≤ 28.
TABLE 6. CRYSTAL CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
Test Conditions
Minimum
Mode of Oscillation
Typical Maximum
Units
Fundamental
25
MHz
Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR)
Frequency
12
70
Ω
Shunt Capacitance
7
pF
TABLE 7. AC CHARACTERISTICS, VCC = VCCA = VCCO = 3.3V±5%, TA = 0°C TO 70°C
Symbol Parameter
FOUT
Test Conditions
Output Frequency
Minimum
Typical
31.25
Maximum
Units
700
MHz
tjit(cc)
Cycle-to-Cycle Jitter ; NOTE 1, 3
25
ps
tjit(per)
Period Jitter, RMS; NOTE 1
3.5
ps
tsk(o)
Output Skew; NOTE 2, 3
15
ps
tR / tF
Output Rise/Fall Time
700
ps
fVCO > 350MHz
20% to 80%
200
M, N to nP_LOAD
tS
Setup Time
5
ns
S_DATA to S_CLOCK
5
ns
S_CLOCK to S_LOAD
5
ns
M, N to nP_LOAD
5
ns
S_DATA to S_CLOCK
5
ns
tH
Hold Time
odc
Output Duty Cycle
N>1
48
52
%
tPW
Output Pulse Width
N=1
tPERIOD/2 - 150
tPERIOD/2 + 150
ps
S_CLOCK to S_LOAD
5
ns
PLL Lock Time
tLOCK
See Parameter Measurement Information section.
NOTE 1: Jitter performance using XTAL inputs.
NOTE 2: Defined as skew between outputs at the same supply voltage and with equal load conditions.
Measured at the output differential cross points.
NOTE 3: This parameter is defined in accordance with JEDEC Standard 65.
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
6
1
ms
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
VCC, VCCA, VCCO = 2V
Qx
SCOPE
nFOUTx
FOUTx
LVPECL
nFOUTy
nQx
FOUTy
t sk(o)
VEE = -1.3V± 0.165V
3.3V OUTPUT LOAD AC TEST CIRCUIT
OUTPUT SKEW
VOH
nFOUTx
VREF
FOUTx
➤
tcycle
tcycle n+1
➤
1000 Cycles
Mean Period
(Trigger Edge)
➤
t jit(cc) = tcycle n –tcycle n+1
Histogram
Reference Point
n
➤
VOL
1σ contains 68.26% of all measurements
2σ contains 95.4% of all measurements
3σ contains 99.73% of all measurements
4σ contains 99.99366% of all measurements
6σ contains (100-1.973x10-7)% of all measurements
(First edge after trigger)
PERIOD JITTER
CYCLE-TO-CYCLE JITTER
nFOUTx
80%
FOUTx
80%
VSW I N G
Pulse Width
t
odc =
Clock
Outputs
PERIOD
20%
20%
t PW
tR
tF
t PERIOD
odc & tPERIOD
8432BK-51
OUTPUT RISE/FALL TIME
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
7
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
APPLICATION INFORMATION
STORAGE AREA NETWORKS
A variety of technologies are used for interconnection of the
elements within a SAN. The tables below lists the common
frequencies used as well as the settings for the ICS8432-51K
to generate the appropriate frequency.
Table 8. Common SANs Application Frequencies
Clock Rate
Reference Frequency to SERDES
(MHz)
Crystal Frequency
(MHz)
1.25 GHz
125, 250, 156.25
25, 19.53125
FC1 1.0625 GHz
FC2 2.1250 GHz
106.25, 53.125, 132.8125
16.6015625, 25
2.5 GHz
125, 250
25
Interconnect Technology
Gigabit Ethernet
Fibre Channel
Infiniband
Table 9. Configuration Details for SANs Applications
Interconnect
Technology
Crystal Frequency
(MHz)
ICS8432-51K
Output Frequency
to SERDES
(MHz)
25
125
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
25
250
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
25
156.25
0
0
0
0
1
1
19.53125
156.25
0
0
0
1
0
25
53.125
0
0
0
0
25
106.25
0
0
0
16.6015625
132.8125
0
0
25
125
0
25
250
0
ICS8432-51K
M & N Settings
M8 M7 M6 M5 M4
M3 M2
M1 M0
N1
N0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
Gigabit Ethernet
Fiber Channel 1
Fiber Channel 2
Infiniband
POWER SUPPLY FILTERING TECHNIQUES
As in any high speed analog circuitry, the power supply pins
are vulnerable to random noise. The ICS8432-51K provides
separate power supplies to isolate any high switching
noise from the outputs to the internal PLL. VCC, VCCA, and VCCO
should be individually connected to the power supply
plane through vias, and bypass capacitors should be
used for each pin. To achieve optimum jitter performance,
power supply isolation is required. Figure 2 illustrates how
a 10Ω resistor along with a 10µF and a .01µF bypass
capacitor should be connected to each VCCA pin.
8432BK-51
3.3V
VCC
.01µF
10Ω
V CCA
.01µF
10µF
FIGURE 2. POWER SUPPLY FILTERING
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
8
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
CRYSTAL INPUT INTERFACE
The ICS8432-51K has been characterized with 18pF parallel resonant
crystals. The capacitor values, C1 and C2, shown in Figure 3 below
were determined using a 25MHz, 18pF parallel resonant crystal and
were chosen to minimize the ppm error. The optimum C1 and C2
values can be slightly adjusted for different board layouts.
XTAL2
C1
22p
X1
18pF Parallel Cry stal
XTAL1
C2
22p
Figure 3. CRYSTAL INPUt INTERFACE
TERMINATION FOR LVPECL OUTPUTS
drive 50Ω transmission lines. Matched impedance techniques
should be used to maximize operating frequency and minimize
signal distortion. Figures 4A and 4B show two different layouts
which are recommended only as guidelines. Other suitable clock
layouts may exist and it would be recommended that the board
designers simulate to guarantee compatibility across all printed
circuit and clock component process variations.
The clock layout topology shown below is a typical termination for LVPECL outputs. The two different layouts mentioned
are recommended only as guidelines.
FOUTx and nFOUTx are low impedance follower outputs that
generate ECL/LVPECL compatible outputs. Therefore, terminating resistors (DC current path to ground) or current sources
must be used for functionality. These outputs are designed to
3.3V
Zo = 50Ω
125Ω
FOUT
FIN
Zo = 50Ω
Zo = 50Ω
FOUT
50Ω
1
RTT =
Z
((VOH + VOL) / (VCC – 2)) – 2 o
FIN
50Ω
Zo = 50Ω
VCC - 2V
RTT
84Ω
FIGURE 4A. LVPECL OUTPUT TERMINATION
8432BK-51
125Ω
84Ω
FIGURE 4B. LVPECL OUTPUT TERMINATION
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
9
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
LAYOUT GUIDELINE
The layout in the actual system will depend on the selected
component types, the density of the components, the density
of the traces, and the stack up of the P.C. board.
The schematic of the ICS8432-51K layout example used in
this layout guideline is shown in Figure 5A. The ICS8432-51K
recommended PCB board layout for this example is shown in
Figure 5B. This layout example is used as a general guideline.
C1
C2
M5
M6
M7
M8
N0
N1
nc
VEE
VCC
ICS8432-51
XTAL2
REF_IN
nXTAL_SEL
VCCA
S_LOAD
S_DATA
S_CLOCK
MR
TEST
VCC
FOUT1
nFOUT1
VCCO
FOUT0
nFOUT0
VEE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
VCC
13
FOUT
14
FOUTN 15
16
U1
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
VCO_SEL
nP_LOAD
XTAL1
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
X1
VCC
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
R7
10
REF_IN
XTAL_SEL
VCCA
S_LOAD
S_DATA
S_CLOCK
C11
0.01u
C16
10u
VCC
R1
125
R3
125
Zo = 50 Ohm
C14
0.1u
TL1
C15
0.1u
+
Zo = 50 Ohm
-
TL2
R2
84
FIGURE 5A. SCHEMATIC
8432BK-51
OF
RECOMMENDED LAYOUT
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
10
R4
84
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
The following component footprints are used in this layout
example:
• The differential 50Ω output traces should have the
same length.
All the resistors and capacitors are size 0603.
• Avoid sharp angles on the clock trace. Sharp angle
turns cause the characteristic impedance to change on
the transmission lines.
POWER
AND
GROUNDING
Place the decoupling capacitors C14 and C15, as close as possible to the power pins. If space allows, placement of the
decoupling capacitor on the component side is preferred. This
can reduce unwanted inductance between the decoupling capacitor and the power pin caused by the via.
• Keep the clock traces on the same layer. Whenever possible, avoid placing vias on the clock traces. Placement
of vias on the traces can affect the trace characteristic
impedance and hence degrade signal integrity.
Maximize the power and ground pad sizes and number of vias
capacitors. This can reduce the inductance between the power
and ground planes and the component power and ground pins.
• To prevent cross talk, avoid routing other signal traces in
parallel with the clock traces. If running parallel traces is
unavoidable, allow a separation of at least three trace
widths between the differential clock trace and the other
signal trace.
The RC filter consisting of R7, C11, and C16 should be placed
as close to the VCCA pin as possible.
• Make sure no other signal traces are routed between the
clock trace pair.
CLOCK TRACES
• The matching termination resistors should be located as
close to the receiver input pins as possible.
AND
TERMINATION
Poor signal integrity can degrade the system performance or
cause system failure. In synchronous high-speed digital systems,
the clock signal is less tolerant to poor signal integrity than other
signals. Any ringing on the rising or falling edge or excessive ring
back can cause system failure. The shape of the trace and the
trace delay might be restricted by the available space on the board
and the component location. While routing the traces, the clock
signal traces should be routed first and should be locked prior to
routing other signal traces.
CRYSTAL
The crystal X1 should be located as close as possible to the pins
24 (XTAL2) and 25 (XTAL1). The trace length between the X1
and U1 should be kept to a minimum to avoid unwanted parasitic
inductance and capacitance. Other signal traces should not be
routed near the crystal traces.
GND
C2
C1
VCC
X1
VIA
U1
PIN 1
C16
C11
VCCA
R7
Close to the input
pins of the
receiver
TL1N
C15
TL1
C14
TL1
R1
R2
TL1N
R3
R4
TL1, TL21N are 50 Ohm
traces and equal length
FIGURE 5B. PCB BOARD LAYOUT
8432BK-51
FOR
ICS8432-51K
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
11
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
POWER CONSIDERATIONS
This section provides information on power dissipation and junction temperature for the ICS8432-51K.
Equations and example calculations are also provided.
1. Power Dissipation.
The total power dissipation for the ICS8432-51K is the sum of the core power plus the power dissipated in the load(s).
The following is the power dissipation for VCC = 3.3V + 5% = 3.465V, which gives worst case results.
NOTE: Please refer to Section 3 for details on calculating power dissipated in the load.
•
•
Power (core)MAX = VCC_MAX * IEE_MAX = 3.465V * 135mA = 467.8mW
Power (outputs)MAX = 30mW/Loaded Output pair
If all outputs are loaded, the total power is 2 * 30mW = 60mW
Total Power_MAX (3.465V, with all outputs switching) = 467.8mW + 60mW = 527.8mW
2. Junction Temperature.
Junction temperature, Tj, is the temperature at the junction of the bond wire and bond pad and directly affects the reliability of the
device. The maximum recommended junction temperature for HiPerClockSTM devices is 125°C.
The equation for Tj is as follows: Tj = θJA * Pd_total + TA
Tj = Junction Temperature
θJA = Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance
Pd_total = Total Device Power Dissipation (example calculation is in section 1 above)
TA = Ambient Temperature
In order to calculate junction temperature, the appropriate junction-to-ambient thermal resistance θJA must be used. Assuming 0 air
flow and a multi-layer board, the appropriate value is 41.07°C/W per Table 10 below.
Therefore, Tj for an ambient temperature of 70°C with all outputs switching is:
70°C + 0.528W * 41.07°C/W = 91.7°C. This is well below the limit of 125°C.
This calculation is only an example. Tj will obviously vary depending on the number of loaded outputs, supply voltage, air flow,
and the type of board (single layer or multi-layer).
TABLE 10. THERMAL RESISTANCE θJA
FOR
32-PIN VFQFN, FORCED CONVECTION
θJA by Velocity (Linear Feet per Minute)
Multi-Layer PCB, JEDEC Standard Test Boards
8432BK-51
0
200
500
41.07°C/W
TBD
TBD
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
12
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
3. Calculations and Equations.
The purpose of this section is to derive the power dissipated into the load.
LVPECL output driver circuit and termination are shown in Figure 6.
VCCO
Q1
VOUT
RL
50
VCCO - 2V
FIGURE 6. LVPECL DRIVER CIRCUIT
AND
TERMINATION
To calculate worst case power dissipation into the load, use the following equations which assume a 50Ω load, and a termination
voltage of V - 2V.
CCO
•
For logic high, VOUT = V
OH_MAX
(V
CCO_MAX
•
-V
OH_MAX
OL_MAX
CCO_MAX
-V
CCO_MAX
– 0.9V
) = 0.9V
For logic low, VOUT = V
(V
=V
=V
CCO_MAX
– 1.7V
) = 1.7V
OL_MAX
Pd_H is power dissipation when the output drives high.
Pd_L is the power dissipation when the output drives low.
Pd_H = [(V
OH_MAX
– (V
CCO_MAX
- 2V))/R ] * (V
CCO_MAX
L
-V
OH_MAX
) = [(2V - (V
CCO_MAX
-V
OH_MAX
))/R ] * (V
CCO_MAX
L
-V
)=
OH_MAX
[(2V - 0.9V)/50Ω) * 0.9V = 19.8mW
Pd_L = [(V
OL_MAX
– (V
CCO_MAX
- 2V))/R ] * (V
L
CCO_MAX
-V
OL_MAX
) = [(2V - (V
CCO_MAX
-V
OL_MAX
))/R ] * (V
L
CCO_MAX
-V
)=
OL_MAX
[(2V - 1.7V)/50Ω) * 1.7V = 10.2mW
Total Power Dissipation per output pair = Pd_H + Pd_L = 30mW
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
13
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
RELIABILITY INFORMATION
TABLE 11. θJAVS. AIR FLOW TABLE
FOR
32 LEAD K PACKAGE
θJA by Velocity (Linear Feet per Minute)
Multi-Layer PCB, JEDEC Standard Test Boards
0
200
500
41.07C/W
TBD
TBD
TRANSISTOR COUNT
The transistor count for ICS8432-51K is: TBD
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
14
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
PACKAGE OUTLINE - 32 LEAD K PACKAGE
TABLE 12. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
JEDEC VARIATION
ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS
SYMBOL
Minimum
A
0.80
A1
0
1.0
0.05
0.25 Reference
A3
b
Maximum
32
N
0.18
0.30
e
0.50 BASIC
ND
8
NE
8
D
5.0
D2
1.25
3.25
5.0
E
E2
1.25
3.25
L
0.30
0.50
Reference Document: JEDEC Publication 95, MO-220
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
15
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004
PRELIMINARY
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
ICS8432-51K
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V DIFFERENTIAL
LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
TABLE 13. ORDERING INFORMATION
Part/Order Number
Marking
Package
ICS8432BK-51
ICS8432BK-51
32 Lead VFQFN
ICS8432BK-51T
ICS8432BK-51
32 Lead VFQFN on Tape and Reel
Count
60 per tube
490 per tray
2500
Temperature
0°C to 70°C
0°C to 70°C
While the information presented herein has been checked for both accuracy and reliability, Integrated Circuit Systems, Incorporated (ICS) assumes no responsibility for either its use
or for infringement of any patents or other rights of third parties, which would result from its use. No other circuits, patents, or licenses are implied. This product is intended for use
in normal commercial applications. Any other applications such as those requiring extended temperature range, high reliability, or other extraordinary environmental requirements are
not recommended without additional processing by ICS. ICS reserves the right to change any circuitry or specifications without notice. ICS does not authorize or warrant any ICS
product for use in life support devices or critical medical instruments.
8432BK-51
www.icst.com/products/hiperclocks.html
16
REV. A MARCH 22, 2004