Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series DC-DC Converter Power Modules: 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output; 50A/60A Output Current RoHS Compliant Applications Features Compliant to RoHS EU Directive 2002/95/EC (-Z versions) Compliant to ROHS EU Directive 2002/95/EC with lead solder exemption (non-Z versions) Delivers up to 60A output current Improved Thermal Performance: 30A at 70ºC at 1m/s (200LFM) for 3.3Vo High power density: 119W/in3 High efficiency – 93% at 3.3V full load Low output voltage- supports migration to future IC supply voltages down to 1.0V Industry standard Quarter brick: Distributed power architectures 57.9 mm x 36.8 mm x 10.6 mm Wireless Networks (2.28 in x 1.45 in x 0.42 in) Access and Optical Network Equipment Single tightly regulated output Enterprise Networks 2:1 input voltage range Latest generation IC’s (DSP, FPGA, ASIC) and Microprocessor powered applications Constant Switching frequency Negative Remote On/Off logic Output overcurrent/voltage/temperature protection Options Positive Remote On/Off logic Output Voltage adjustment (±10%) Case ground pin (-H Baseplate option) Wide operating temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) Auto restart after fault shutdown Meets the voltage insulation requirements for ETSI 300-132-2 and complies with and is licensed for Basic Insulation rating per EN60950-1 CE mark meets 73/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives§ UL* 60950-1Recognized, CSA† C22.2 No. 60950-1-03 ‡ Certified, and VDE 0805:2001-12 (EN60950-1) Licensed ISO** 9001 certified manufacturing facilities Description The QPW-series dc-dc converters are a new generation of DC/DC power modules designed for maximum efficiency and power density. The QPW series provide up to 60A output current in an industry standard quarter brick. The converter incorporates synchronous rectification technology and innovative packaging techniques to achieve ultra high efficiency reaching 93% at 3.3V full load. The ultra high efficiency of this converter leads to lower power dissipation such that for most applications a heat sink is not required. The QPW series power modules are isolated dc-dc converters that operate over a wide input voltage range of 36 to 75 Vdc and provide single precisely regulated output. The output is fully isolated from the input, allowing versatile polarity configurations and grounding connections. * UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. † CSA is a registered trademark of Canadian Standards Association. VDE is a trademark of Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V. ** ISO is a registered trademark of the International Organization of Standards ‡ Document No: DS03-075 ver 1.12 PDF name: qpw050-60a_series.ds.pdf Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress ratings only, functional operation of the device is not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operations sections of the data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect the device reliability. Parameter Device Symbol Min Max Unit VIN -0.3 80 Vdc Input Voltage Continuous Transient (100ms) VIN, trans -0.3 100 Vdc All TA -40 85 °C Storage Temperature All Tstg -55 125 °C I/O Isolation Voltage (100% factory Hi-Pot tested) All ⎯ ⎯ 1500 Vdc Operating Ambient Temperature (see Thermal Considerations section) Electrical Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Operating Input Voltage VIN 36 48 75 Vdc Maximum Input Current IIN,max 6 Adc 2 1 As (VIN=0V to 60V, IO=IO, max) It 2 Inrush Transient All Input Reflected Ripple Current, peak-to-peak (5Hz to 20MHz, 12μH source impedance; VIN=0V to 75V, IO= IOmax ; see Figure 31) All 7 mAp-p Input Ripple Rejection (120Hz) All 50 dB CAUTION: This power module is not internally fused. An input line fuse must always be used. This power module can be used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from simple standalone operation to an integrated part of a sophisticated power architecture. To preserve maximum flexibility, internal fusing is not included, however, to achieve maximum safety and system protection, always use an input line fuse. The safety agencies require a fast-acting fuse with a maximum rating of 15A (see Safety Considerations section). Based on the information provided in this data sheet on inrush energy and maximum dc input current, the same type of fuse with a lower rating can be used. Refer to the fuse manufacturer’s data sheet for further information. LINEAGE POWER 2 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Electrical Specifications (continued) Parameter Device Output Voltage Set-point (VIN=VIN,nom, IO=IO, max, Tc =25°C) 3.3V 2.5V 1.8V 1.5V 1.2V Output Voltage (Over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions until end of life) 3.3V 2.5V 1.8V 1.5V 1.2V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit VO, set 3.24 2.45 1.77 1.47 1.18 3.30 2.25 1.80 1.50 1.20 3.36 2.55 1.83 1.53 1.22 Vdc VO 3.20 2.42 1.74 1.44 1.15 ⎯ 3.40 2.57 1.86 1.56 1.25 Vdc ⎯ 0.05 0.2 %Vo Output Regulation Line (VIN=VIN, min to VIN, max) All Load (IO=IO, min to IO, max) All ⎯ 0.05 0.2 %Vo Temperature (Tc = -40ºC to +85ºC) All ⎯ 15 50 mV RMS (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) All ⎯ ⎯ 30 mVrms Peak-to-Peak (5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth) All 100 mVpk-pk Output Ripple and Noise on nominal output (VIN=VIN, nom and IO=IO, min to IO, max) External Capacitance Output Current Output Current Limit Inception ⎯ ⎯ All CO, max ⎯ ⎯ 3.3V Io 0 50 Adc 2.5V – 1.2V Io 0 60 Adc 3.3V IO, lim ⎯ 58 ⎯ Adc 2.5V – 1.2V IO, lim ⎯ 69 ⎯ Adc Output Short-Circuit Current (VO≤250mV) ( Hiccup Mode ) Efficiency VIN=VIN, nom, Tc=25°C IO=IO, max , VO= VO,set μF 3.3V 2.5V 1.8V 1.5V 1.2V Switching Frequency IO, s/c ⎯ ⎯ A rms IO, s/c ⎯ ⎯ A rms η η η η η ⎯ __ __ __ __ 93 91 89 87 85 ⎯ __ __ __ __ % % % % % fsw ⎯ 300 ⎯ kHz Vpk ts ⎯ __ 4 200 ⎯ __ %VO, set μs Vpk __ 4 __ %VO, set ts ⎯ 200 ⎯ μs Dynamic Load Response (ΔIo/Δt=1A/10μs; Vin=Vin,nom; Tc=25°C; Tested with a 10 μF aluminum and a 1.0 μF ceramic capacitor across the load.) Load Change from Io= 50% to 75% of Io,max: Peak Deviation Settling Time (Vo<10% peak deviation) Load Change from Io= 75% to 50% of Io,max: Peak Deviation Settling Time (Vo<10% peak deviation) LINEAGE POWER All 3 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Isolation Specifications Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Isolation Capacitance Ciso ⎯ 2700 ⎯ pF Isolation Resistance Riso 10 ⎯ ⎯ MΩ General Specifications Parameter Calculated MTBF (IO=80% of IO, max, Tc =40°C, airflow=1m/s(200LFM)) Weight LINEAGE POWER Device Min All Typ Max Hours 1,204,000 ⎯ 42 (1.48) Unit ⎯ 4 g (oz.) Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Feature Specifications Unless otherwise indicated, specifications apply over all operating input voltage, resistive load, and temperature conditions. See Feature Descriptions for additional information. Parameter Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit All Ion/off ⎯ 0.15 1.0 mA All Von/off 0.0 ⎯ 1.2 V Logic High – (Typ = Open Collector) All Von/off ⎯ __ 15 V Logic High maximum allowable leakage current All Ion/off ⎯ ⎯ 50 μA Tdelay ⎯ 2.5 ⎯ ms Trise ⎯ 12 ⎯ ms Tdelay ⎯ 2.5 ⎯ ms Trise ⎯ 1.5 ⎯ ms __ __ 10 %Vo,nom Remote On/Off Signal Interface (VIN=VIN, min to VIN, max ; open collector or equivalent, Signal referenced to VIN- terminal) Negative Logic: device code suffix “1” Logic Low = module On, Logic High = module Off Positive Logic: No device code suffix required Logic Low = module Off, Logic High = module On Logic Low Specification Remote On/Off Current – Logic Low On/Off Voltage: Logic Low Turn-On Delay and Rise Times (IO=IO, max) Tdelay = Time until VO = 10% of VO,set from either application of Vin with Remote On/Off set to On or operation of Remote On/Off from Off to On with Vin already applied for at least one second. Trise = time for VO to rise from 10% of VO,set to 90% of VO,set. 3.3V 2.5V – 1.2V Output Voltage Adjustment (See Feature Descriptions): Output Voltage Remote-sense Range Output Voltage Set-point Adjustment Range (trim) Output Overvoltage Protection Vsense 90 __ 110 %Vo,nom 4.0 ⎯ 4.9 V 2.5V 3.0 ⎯ 3.4 V 1.8V 2.1 ⎯ 2.4 V 1.5V 1.8 ⎯ 2.2 V 1.2V 1.5 ⎯ 1.8 V ⎯ 110 ⎯ °C 3.3V Overtemperature Protection All VO, limit Tref (See Feature Descriptions) Input Undervoltage Lockout LINEAGE POWER VIN, UVLO Turn-on Threshold R ⎯ 34.5 36 V Turn-off Threshold R 30 32 ⎯ V 5 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Characteristic Curves 2 1 0 65 75 94 92 90 88 Vi = 36 V 86 84 82 80 Vi = 48 V Vi = 75 V 0 10 20 30 40 50 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 75 Vin VO (V) (50mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, Figure 2. Typical Converter Efficiency Vs. Output current at Room Temperature. 48 Vin 36 Vin TIME, t (1μs/div) Figure 3. Typical Output Ripple and Noise at Room Temperature and Io = Io, max. LINEAGE POWER VON/OFF(V) (2V/div) Figure 4. Typical Start-Up Using Remote On/Off, negative logic version shown. VO (V) (100mV/div) EFFCIENCY, η (%) Figure 1. Typical Input Characteristic at Room Temperature. TIME, t (5 ms/div) IO (A) (10A/div) VOLTAGE,55 VO (V) 35 INPUT45 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE 25 VO (V) (5V/div) Io = 0 A 3 TIME, t (100 μs/div) Figure 5. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 25% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. VO (V) (100mV/div) 4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, On/Off VOLTAGE Io = 50 A Io = 25 A 5 IO (A) (10A/div) 6 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT, Ii (A) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the QPW050A0F (3.3V, 50A) at 25ºC. The figures are identical for either positive or negative Remote On/Off logic. TIME, t (100 μs/div) Figure 6. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 75% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. 6 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Characteristic Curves Io = 0 A 2 1 0 65 75 INPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) Figure 7. Typical Input Characteristic at Room Temperature. Figure 10. Typical Start-Up Using Remote On/Off, negative logic version shown. 94 EFFCIENCY, η (%) 92 90 Vi = 36 V 88 Vi = 48 V 86 Vi = 75 V 84 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 75 Vin VO (V) (50mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, Figure 8. Typical Converter Efficiency Vs. Output current at Room Temperature. 48 Vin 36 Vin TIME, t (2.5μs/div) Figure 9. Typical Output Ripple and Noise at Room Temperature and Io = Io, max. LINEAGE POWER TIME, t (2.5 ms/div) VO (V) (50mV/div) 55 IO (A) (10A/div) 45 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE 35 TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 11. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 25%of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. VO (V) (50mV/div) 25 IO (A) (10A/div) 3 VON/OFF(V) (1V/div) Io = 30 A 4 VO (V) (5V/div) Io = 60A 5 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT, Ii (A) 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, On/Off VOLTAGE The following figures provide typical characteristics for the QPW060A0G (2.5V, 60A) at 25ºC. The figures are identical for either positive or negative Remote On/Off logic. TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 12. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 75% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. 7 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Characteristic Curves 65 75 INPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) Figure 13. Typical Input Characteristic at Room Temperature. 91 EFFCIENCY, η (%) 89 87 Vi = 36 V 85 Vi = 48 V 83 Vi = 75 V 81 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 75 Vin VO (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, Figure 14. Typical Converter Efficiency Vs. Output current at Room Temperature. 48 Vin 36 Vin TIME, t (2.5μs/div) Figure 15. Typical Output Ripple and Noise at Room Temperature and Io = Io, max. LINEAGE POWER VON/OFF(V) (0.5V/div) VO (V) (5V/div) 55 OUTPUT VOLTAGE On/Off VOLTAGE 45 TIME, t (2.5 ms/div) Figure 16. Typical Start-Up Using Remote On/Off, negative logic version shown. VO (V) (50mV/div) 35 IO (A) (10A/div) 25 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE Io = 30 A Io = 0 A TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 17. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 25%of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. VO (V) (50mV/div) Io = 60 A IO (A) (10A/div) 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT, Ii (A) The following figures provide typical characteristics for the QPW060A0Y (1.8V, 60A) at 25ºC. The figures are identical for either positive or negative Remote On/Off logic. TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 18. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 75% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. 8 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Characteristic Curves Io = 0 A 1.5 1 0.5 0 65 75 Figure 19. Typical Input Characteristic at Room Temperature. Figure 22. Typical Start-Up Using Remote On/Off, negative logic version shown. 91 EFFCIENCY, η (%) 89 87 Vi = 36 V 85 Vi = 48 V 83 Vi = 75 V 81 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) Figure 20. Typical Converter Efficiency Vs. Output current at Room Temperature. VO (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, 75 Vin 48 Vin 36 Vin TIME, t (2.5μs/div) Figure 21. Typical Output Ripple and Noise at Room Temperature and Io = Io, max. LINEAGE POWER TIME, t (2.5 ms/div) VO (V) (50mV/div) 55 IO (A) (10A/div) 45 INPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE 35 TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 23. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 25%of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. VO (V) (50mV/div) 25 IO (A) (10A/div) 2 VON/OFF(V) (0.5V/div) Io = 30 A 2.5 VO (V) (5V/div) Io = 60 A 3 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT, Ii (A) 3.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE On/Off VOLTAGE The following figures provide typical characteristics for the QPW060A0M (1.5V, 60A) at 25ºC. The figures are identical for either positive or negative Remote On/Off logic. TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 24. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 75% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. 9 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Characteristic Curves 25 35 45 55 65 75 INPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) EFFCIENCY, η (%) Figure 25. Typical Input Characteristic at Room Temperature. 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 Vi = 36 V Vi = 48 V Vi = 75 V 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 75 Vin VO (V) (20mV/div) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, Figure 26. Typical Converter Efficiency Vs. Output current at Room Temperature. 48 Vin 36 Vin TIME, t (2.5μs/div) Figure 27. Typical Output Ripple and Noise at Room Temperature and Io = Io, max. LINEAGE POWER VON/OFF(V) (0.5V/div) VO (V) (5V/div) 0 TIME, t (2.5 ms/div) Figure 28. Typical Start-Up Using Remote On/Off, negative logic version shown. VO (V) (50mV/div) 0.5 IO (A) (10A/div) 1 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE Io = 0 A 1.5 TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 29. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 25%of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. VO (V) (50mV/div) Io = 30 A 2 IO (A) (10A/div) Io = 60 A 2.5 OUTPUT CURRENT, OUTPUT VOLTAGE INPUT CURRENT, Ii (A) 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE On/Off VOLTAGE The following figures provide typical characteristics for the QPW060A0P (1.2V, 60A) at 25ºC. The figures are identical for either positive or negative Remote On/Off logic. TIME, t (500 μs/div) Figure 30. Typical Transient Response to Step change in Load from 50% to 75% of Full Load at Room Temperature and 48 Vdc Input. 10 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Test Configurations Design Considerations Input Source Impedance The power module should be connected to a low ac-impedance source. A highly inductive source impedance can affect the stability of the power module. For the test configuration in Figure 31, a 100μF electrolytic capacitor (ESR<0.7Ω at 100kHz), mounted close to the power module helps ensure the stability of the unit. Consult the factory for further application guidelines. Output Capacitance Note: Measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source inductance (LTEST) of 12 µH. Capacitor CS offsets possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. Figure 31. Input Reflected Ripple Current Test Setup. Note: Use a 1.0 µF ceramic capacitor and a 10 µF aluminum or tantalum capacitor. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC socket. Position the load between 51 mm and 76 mm (2 in. and 3 in.) from the module. Figure 32. Output Ripple and Noise Test Setup. CONTACT AND DISTRIBUTION LOSSES VI(+) VO1 IO II LOAD SUPPLY VI(–) VO2 CONTACT RESISTANCE Note: All measurements are taken at the module terminals. When socketing, place Kelvin connections at module terminals to avoid measurement errors due to socket contact resistance. High output current transient rate of change (high di/dt) loads may require high values of output capacitance to supply the instantaneous energy requirement to the load. To minimize the output voltage transient drop during this transient, low E.S.R. (equivalent series resistance) capacitors may be required, since a high E.S.R. will produce a correspondingly higher voltage drop during the current transient. Output capacitance and load impedance interact with the power module’s output voltage regulation control system and may produce an ’unstable’ output condition for the required values of capacitance and E.S.R.. Minimum and maximum values of output capacitance and of the capacitor’s associated E.S.R. may be dictated, depending on the module’s control system. The process of determining the acceptable values of capacitance and E.S.R. is complex and is loaddependant. Lineage Power provides Web-based tools to assist the power module end-user in appraising and adjusting the effect of various load conditions and output capacitances on specific power modules for various load conditions. Safety Considerations For safety-agency approval of the system in which the power module is used, the power module must be installed in compliance with the spacing and separation requirements of the end-use safety agency standard, i.e., UL 60950-1-3, CSA C22.2 No. 6095000, and VDE 0805:2001-12 (IEC60950-1). For the converter output to be considered meeting the requirements of safety extra-low voltage (SELV), the input must meet SELV requirements. If the input source is non-SELV (ELV or a hazardous voltage greater than 60 Vdc and less than or equal to 75Vdc), for the module’s output to be considered as meeting the requirements for safety extra-low voltage (SELV), all of the following must be true: Figure 33. Output Voltage and Efficiency Test Setup. LINEAGE POWER 11 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Safety Considerations (continued) The input source is to be provided with reinforced insulation from any other hazardous voltages, including the ac mains. One VIN pin and one VOUT pin are to be grounded, or both the input and output pins are to be kept floating. The input pins of the module are not operator accessible. Another SELV reliability test is conducted on the whole system (combination of supply source and subject module), as required by the safety agencies, to verify that under a single fault, hazardous voltages do not appear at the module’s output. Note: Do not ground either of the input pins of the module without grounding one of the output pins. This may allow a non-SELV voltage to appear between the output pins and ground. The power module has extra-low voltage (ELV) outputs when all inputs are ELV. For input voltages exceeding –60 Vdc but less than or equal to –75 Vdc, these converters have been evaluated to the applicable requirements of BASIC INSULATION between secondary DC MAINS DISTRIBUTION input (classified as TNV-2 in Europe) and unearthed SELV outputs. The input to these units is to be provided with a maximum 15A fast-acting (or time-delay) fuse in the unearthed lead. LINEAGE POWER 12 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Feature Descriptions Overcurrent Protection To provide protection in a fault output overload condition, the module is equipped with internal current-limiting circuitry and can endure current limit for few seconds. If overcurrent persists for few seconds, the module will shut down and remain latchoff. The overcurrent latch is reset by either cycling the input power or by toggling the on/off pin for one second. If the output overload condition still exists when the module restarts, it will shut down again. This operation will continue indefinitely until the overcurrent condition is corrected. An auto-restart option is also available. Remote On/Off Two remote on/off options are available. Positive logic remote on/off turns the module on during a logic-high voltage on the ON/OFF pin, and off during a logic low. Negative logic remote on/off turns the module off during a logic high and on during a logic low. Negative logic, device code suffix "1," is the factory-preferred configuration. To turn the power module on and off, the user must supply a switch to control the voltage between the on/off terminal and the VI (-) terminal (Von/off). The switch can be an open collector or equivalent (see Figure 34). A logic low is Von/off = 0 V to I.2 V. The maximum Ion/off during a logic low is 1 mA. The switch should maintain a logic-low voltage while sinking 1 mA. During a logic high, the maximum Von/off generated by the power module is 15 V. The maximum allowable leakage current of the switch at Von/off = 15V is 50 µA. If not using the remote on/off feature, perform one of the following to turn the unit on: For negative logic, short ON/OFF pin to VI(-). For positive logic: leave ON/OFF pin open. output voltage sense range given in the Feature Specifications table i.e.: [Vo(+) – Vo(-)] – [SENSE(+) – SENSE(-)] ≤ 10% of Vo,nom. The voltage between the Vo(+) and Vo(-) terminals must not exceed the minimum output overvoltage shut-down value indicated in the Feature Specifications table. This limit includes any increase in voltage due to remote-sense compensation and output voltage set-point adjustment (trim). See Figure 35. If not using the remote-sense feature to regulate the output at the point of load, then connect SENSE(+) to Vo(+) and SENSE(-) to Vo(-) at the module. Although the output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and by the trim, the maximum increase for the output voltage is not the sum of both. The maximum increase is the larger of either the remote sense or the trim. The amount of power delivered by the module is defined as the voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output current. When using remote sense and trim: the output voltage of the module can be increased, which at the same output current would increase the power output of the module. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power. Figure 35. Effective Circuit Configuration for Single-Module Remote-Sense Operation Output Voltage. Output Voltage Set-Point Adjustment (Trim) Figure 34. Remote On/Off Implementation. Remote Sense Remote sense minimizes the effects of distribution losses by regulating the voltage at the remote-sense connections. The voltage between the remote-sense pins and the output terminals must not exceed the LINEAGE POWER Trimming allows the user to increase or decrease the output voltage set point of a module. This is accomplished by connecting an external resistor between the TRIM pin and either the SENSE(+) or SENSE(-) pins. The trim resistor should be positioned close to the module. If not using the trim feature, leave the TRIM pin open. With an external resistor between the TRIM and SENSE(-) pins (Radj-down), the output voltage set point (Vo,adj) decreases (see Figure 36). The following equation determines the required external- 13 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Feature Description (continued) Output Voltage Set-Point Adjustment (Trim) resistor value to obtain a percentage output voltage change of Δ%. For output voltages: 1.5V – 3.3V ⎛ 510 ⎞ Radj − down = ⎜ − 10.2 ⎟ KΩ ⎝ Δ% ⎠ The amount of power delivered by the module is defined as the voltage at the output terminals multiplied by the output current. When using remote sense and trim, the output voltage of the module can be increased, which at the same output current would increase the power output of the module. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum output power of the module remains at or below the maximum rated power. For output voltage: 1.2V ⎛ 1299.1 ⎞ Radj − down = ⎜ − 33.49 ⎟ KΩ ⎠ ⎝ Δ% Where, Δ% = Vo , nom − Vdesired × 100 Vo , nom Vdesired = Desired output voltage set point (V). With an external resistor connected between the TRIM and SENSE(+) pins (Radj-up), the output voltage set point (Vo,adj) increases (see Figure 37). The following equation determines the required external-resistor value to obtain a percentage output voltage change of Δ%. For output voltages: 1.5V – 3.3V Figure 36. Circuit Configuration to Decrease Output Voltage . ⎛ 5.1 * Vo , nom * (100 + Δ % ) 510 ⎞ Radj − up = ⎜ − − 10.2 ⎟ KΩ 1.225 * Δ % Δ% ⎝ ⎠ For output voltage: 1.2V ⎛ 9.769*Vo, nom * (100+ Δ%) 1299.1 ⎞ Radj − up = ⎜ − − 33.49⎟KΩ 0 . 6 * Δ % Δ % ⎝ ⎠ Where, Δ% = Vdesired − Vo , nom × 100 Vo , nom Figure 37. Circuit Configuration to Increase Output Voltage. Examples: To trim down the output of a nominal 3.3V module (QPW050A0F) to 3.1V 3.3V − 3.1V × 100 3.3V Vdesired = Desired output voltage set point (V). Δ% = The voltage between the Vo(+) and Vo(-) terminals must not exceed the minimum output overvoltage shut-down value indicated in the Feature Specifications table. This limit includes any increase in voltage due to remote-sense compensation and output voltage set-point adjustment (trim). See Figure 35. Although the output voltage can be increased by both the remote sense and by the trim, the maximum increase for the output voltage is not the sum of both. The maximum increase is the larger of either the remote sense or the trim. ∆% = 6.06 LINEAGE POWER ⎛ 510 ⎞ Radj − down = ⎜ − 10.2 ⎟ KΩ ⎝ 6.06 ⎠ Radj-down = 73.96 kΩ To trim up the output of a nominal 3.3V module (QPW050A0F) to 3.6V Δ% = 3.6V − 3.3V × 100 3.3V 14 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Feature Description (continued) Output Voltage Set-Point Adjustment (Trim) Δ% = 9.1 Δ% = 28V − 29.6V × 100 28V Δ% = 5 ⎡ ⎞⎤ ⎛ ⎛ 1036 ⎞ Radj − up = ⎢10 × ⎜⎜ ⎜ ⎟ + 936 ⎟⎟⎥ KΩ ⎠⎦ ⎝⎝ 5 ⎠ ⎣ Rtadj-up = 11432 kΩ ⎛ 5.1 * 3.3 * (100 + 9.1) 510 ⎞ − − 10.2 ⎟ KΩ Radj − up = ⎜ 1.225 * 9.1 9.1 ⎝ ⎠ Rtadj-up = 98.47kΩ Output Over Voltage Protection The output overvoltage protection consists of circuitry that monitors the voltage on the output terminals. If the voltage on the output terminals exceeds the over voltage protection threshold, then the module will shutdown and latch off. The overvoltage latch is reset by either cycling the input power for one second or by toggling the on/off signal for one second. The protection mechanism is such that the unit can continue in this condition until the fault is cleared. Over Temperature Protection These modules feature an overtemperature protection circuit to safeguard against thermal damage. The circuit shuts down and latches off the module when the maximum device reference temperature is exceeded. The module can be restarted by cycling the dc input power for at least one second or by toggling the remote on/off signal for at least one second. Input Under/Over Voltage Lockout At input voltages below the input undervoltage lockout limit, the module operation is disabled. The module will begin to operate at an input voltage above the undervoltage lockout turn-on threshold. LINEAGE POWER 15 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Thermal Considerations The power modules operate in a variety of thermal environments; however, sufficient cooling should be provided to help ensure reliable operation. Considerations include ambient temperature, airflow, module power dissipation, and the need for increased reliability. A reduction in the operating temperature of the module will result in an increase in reliability. The thermal data presented here is based on physical measurements taken in a wind tunnel. Heat-dissipating components are mounted on the top side of the module. Heat is removed by conduction, convection and radiation to the surrounding environment. Proper cooling can be verified by measuring the thermal reference temperature (Tref ). Peak temperature (Tref ) occurs at the position indicated in Figures 38 - 40. For reliable operation this temperature should not exceed listed temperature threshold. Tref =115ºC Figure 40. Tref Temperature Measurement Location for Vo= 1.5V – 1.2V The output power of the module should not exceed the rated power for the module as listed in the Ordering Information table. Although the maximum Tref temperature of the power modules is 110 °C - 115 °C, you can limit this temperature to a lower value for extremely high reliability. Heat Transfer via Convection Increased airflow over the module enhances the heat transfer via convection. Following derating figures shows the maximum output current that can be delivered by each module in the respective orientation without exceeding the maximum Tref temperature versus local ambient temperature (TA) for natural convection through 2m/s (400 ft./min). Tref = 115ºC Figure 38. Tref Temperature Measurement Location for Vo=3.3V – 2.5V. Tref =110ºC Figure 39. Tref Temperature Measurement Location for Vo=1.8V. LINEAGE POWER Note that the natural convection condition was measured at 0.05 m/s to 0.1 m/s (10ft./min. to 20 ft./min.); however, systems in which these power modules may be used typically generate natural convection airflow rates of 0.3 m/s (60 ft./min.) due to other heat dissipating components in the system. The use of Figures 41 - 50 are shown in the following example: Example What is the minimum airflow necessary for a QPW050A0F operating at VI = 48 V, an output current of 30A, and a maximum ambient temperature of 70 °C in longitudinal orientation. Solution: Given: VI = 48V Io = 30A TA = 70 °C Determine airflow (V) (Use Figure 41): V = 1m/sec. (200ft./min.) 16 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 NATURAL CONVECTION 15 10 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 5 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 60 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) The following figures provide thermal derating characteristics. 50 40 30 NATURAL CONVECTION 20 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 10 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 44. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0G (Vo = 2.5V) in Transverse Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vin(+); Vin = 48V. 50 60 40 50 30 20 NATURAL CONVECTION 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 10 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) Figure 41. Output Power Derating for QPW050A0F (Vo = 3.3V) in Longitudinal Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vout(--); Vin = 48V. LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) 40 30 20 10 0 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 45. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0Y (Vo = 1.8V) in Longitudinal Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vout(--); Vin = 48V. 60 60 50 40 NATURAL CONVECTION 30 20 1.0 m/s (200 ft/min) 10 2.0 m/s (400 ft/min) 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 43. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0G (Vo = 2.5V) in Longitudinal Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vout(--); Vin = 48V. LINEAGE POWER OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 42. Output Power Derating for QPW050A0F (Vo = 3.3V) in Transverse Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vin(+); Vin = 48V. NATURAL CONVECTION 50 40 30 20 10 0 NATURAL CONVECTION 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 46. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0Y (Vo = 1.8V) in Transverse Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vin(+); Vin = 48V. 17 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output 60 60 50 50 40 30 20 10 NATURAL CONVECTION 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 47. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0M (Vo = 1.5V) in Longitudinal Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vout(--); Vin = 48V. OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) The following figures provide thermal derating characteristics. 40 30 20 10 0 NATURAL CONVECTION 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 50. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0P (Vo = 1.2V) in Transverse Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vin(+); Vin = 48V. OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 NATURAL CONVECTION Please refer to the Application Note “Thermal Characterization Process For Open-Frame BoardMounted Power Modules” for a detailed discussion of thermal aspects including maximum device temperatures. 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 48. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0M (Vo = 1.5V) in Transverse Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vin(+); Vin = 48V. OUTPUT CURRENT, IO (A) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 NATURAL CONVECTION 1.0 m/s (200 ft./min.) 2.0 m/s (400 ft./min.) 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 LOCAL AMBIENT TEMPERATURE, TA (°C) Figure 49. Output Power Derating for QPW060A0P (Vo = 1.2V) in Longitudinal Orientation with no baseplate; Airflow Direction From Vin(–) to Vout(--); Vin = 48V. LINEAGE POWER 18 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Layout Considerations The QPW power module series are low profile in order to be used in fine pitch system card architectures. As such, component clearance between the bottom of the power module and the mounting board is limited. Avoid placing copper areas on the outer layer directly underneath the power module. Also avoid placing via interconnects underneath the power module. For additional layout guide-lines, refer to FLTR100V10 data sheet. Post solder Cleaning and Drying Considerations Post solder cleaning is usually the final circuit-board assembly process prior to electrical board testing. The result of inadequate cleaning and drying can affect both the reliability of a power module and the testability of the finished circuit-board assembly. For guidance on appropriate soldering, cleaning and drying procedures, refer to Lineage Power Board Mounted Power Modules: Soldering and Cleaning Application Note. Through-Hole Lead-Free Soldering Information The RoHS-compliant through-hole products use the SAC (Sn/Ag/Cu) Pb-free solder and RoHS-compliant components. They are designed to be processed through single or dual wave soldering machines. The pins have an RoHS-compliant finish that is compatible with both Pb and Pb-free wave soldering processes. A maximum preheat rate of 3°C/s is suggested. The wave preheat process should be such that the temperature of the power module board is kept below 210°C. For Pb solder, the recommended pot temperature is 260°C, while the Pb-free solder pot is 270°C max. Not all RoHS-compliant through-hole products can be processed with paste-through-hole Pb or Pb-free reflow process. If additional information is needed, please consult with your Lineage Power representative for more details. LINEAGE POWER 19 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Mechanical Outline for Through-Hole Module Dimensions are in millimeters and [inches]. Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm [x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.] (Unless otherwise indicated) x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm [x.xxx in ± 0.010 in.] TOP VIEW SIDE VIEW BOTTOM VIEW *Side label includes Lineage Power name, product designation, and data code. Option Feature, Pin is not present unless one these options specified LINEAGE POWER 20 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Recommended Pad Layout for Through Hole Module Dimensions are in millimeters and (inches). Tolerances: x.x mm ± 0.5 mm (x.xx in. ± 0.02 in.) [unless otherwise indicated] x.xx mm ± 0.25 mm (x.xxx in ± 0.010 in.) LINEAGE POWER 21 Data Sheet March 27, 2008 QPW050/060 Series Power Modules; DC-DC converters 36-75Vdc Input; 1.2Vdc to 3.3Vdc Output Ordering Information Please contact your Lineage Power Sales Representative for pricing, availability and optional features. Table 1. Device Code 48V (36-75Vdc) Output Voltage 3.3V Output Current 50A 93% Connector Type Through hole QPW060A0G1 48V (36-75Vdc) 2.5V 60A 91% Through hole 108982232 QPW060A0Y1 48V (36-75Vdc) 1.8V 60A 89% Through hole 108982265 QPW060A0M1 48V (36-75Vdc) 1.5V 60A 87% Through hole 108982240 QPW060A0P1 48V (36-75Vdc) 1.2V 60A 85% Through hole 108982257 QPW050A0F1-HZ 48V (36-75Vdc) 3.3V 50A 93% Through hole CC109107182 QPW060A0G1Z 48V (36-75Vdc) 2.5V 60A 91% Through hole CC109107216 QPW060A0M641Z 48V (36-75Vdc) 1.5V 60A 87% Through hole CC109105021 QPW060A0P641Z 48V (36-75Vdc) 1.2V 60A 85% Through hole CC109101466 Product codes Input Voltage QPW050A0F1 Efficiency Comcodes 108968686 Table 2. Device Options Option Negative remote on/off logic Auto-restart Pin Length: 3.68 mm ± 0.25mm (0.145 in. ± 0.010 in.) Base Plate option RoHS Compliant Suffix 1 4 6 -H -Z Note: Legacy device codes may contain a –B option suffix to indicate 100% factory Hi-Pot tested to the isolation voltage specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings table. The 100% Hi-Pot test is now applied to all device codes, with or without the –B option suffix. Existing comcodes for devices with the –B suffix are still valid; however, no new comcodes for devices containing the –B suffix will be created. Asia-Pacific Headquarters Tel: +65 6416 4283 World Wide Headquarters Lineage Power Corporation 3000 Skyline Drive, Mesquite, TX 75149, USA +1-800-526-7819 (Outside U.S.A.: +1-972-284-2626) www.lineagepower.com e-mail: [email protected] Europe, Middle-East and Africa Headquarters Tel: +49 89 6089 286 India Headquarters Tel: +91 80 28411633 Lineage Power reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such product(s) or information. © 2008 Lineage Power Corporation, (Mesquite, Texas) All International Rights Reserved. Document No: DS03-075 ver 1.12 PDF name: qpw050-60a_series.ds.pdf