AEDR-8320 Encoder Reflective Surface Mount Optical Encoder Data Sheet Description Features The AEDR-8320 encoder is an analog output encoder that employs optical reflective technology for rotary and linear movement control. • Reflective technology • Surface mount leadless package • Two-channel analog voltage output • Lead free package • -10°C to 70°C operating temperature • Encoding resolution: 180 (lines/inch) or 7.09 (lines/mm) With the introduction of reflective technology, encoder packages can now be made smaller and weigh significantly lighter. This statement is better reflected in the ability of the AEDR-8320 encoder which can easily fit into many space and weight constraint applications, e.g., CD or DVD writer laser head’s linear movement. The AEDR-8320 comes in a 180 LPI (Lines Per Inch) or 7.09 mm lines per mm. In addition its 2-channel analog outputs can obtain higher resolution through interpolation of 2x, 4x, 8x or more. For example, with 8x interpolation, the final resolution of the encoder will yield 1,440 lines per inch, which is approximately 20 µm accuracy. AEDR-8320 encoder enhances design flexibility and provides an easy-to-assemble solution to a wide variety of applications, while continuously ensuring reliability in performance. Applications • Printers • Copiers • CD/DVD writer • Card readers Theory of Operation Definitions The AEDR-8320 encoder combines an emitter and a detector in a single surface mount, leadless package. When used with a codewheel or linear codestrip, the encoder translates rotary or linear motion into analog outputs. As shown in the block diagram below, the AEDR-8320 encoder consists of three major components: a light emitting diode (LED) light source, a detector IC consisting photodiodes and lens to focus light beam from the emitter as well as light falling on the detector. State Width (S): The number of electrical degrees between a transition in Channel A and the neighboring transition in Channel B. There are 4 states per cycle, each nominally 90°e. The operation of the encoder is based on the principle of optics where the detector photodiodes sense the absence and presence of light. In this case, the rotary/ linear motion of an object being monitored is converted to equivalent light pattern via the use of codewheel/ codestrip. As shown in the above diagram, the reflective area (window) of the codewheel (or codestrip) reflects light back to the photodetector IC, whereas no light is reflected by the non-reflective area (bar). An alternating light and dark patterns corresponding to the window and bar fall on the photodiodes as the codewheel rotates. The moving light pattern is exploited by the detector circuitry to produce analog outputs representing the rotation of the codewheel. When the codewheel is coupled to a motor the encoder outputs are then a direct representation of the motor rotation. The same concept applies to the use of a codestrip to detect linear motion. Block Diagram of AEDR-8320 VLED R CODEWHEEL or CODESTRIP VCC Phase Error (Df): The deviation of phase, in electrical degree, from its ideal value of 90°e. Pulse Width (P): The duration of high state of the output, in electrical degree, within one cycle. Nominally 180°e or half a cycle. Pulse Width Error (DP): The deviation of pulse width, in electrical degree, from its ideal value of 180°e. Count (N): The number of window and bar pair per revolution (CPR) of codewheel. For linear codestrip, defined as the number of window and bar pair per unit length (lines per inch [LPI] or lines per mm [LPmm]). One Cycle (C): 360 electrical degrees (°e). Equivalent to one window and bar pair. One Shaft Rotation: 360 mechanical degrees. Also equivalent to N counts (codewheel only). Optical radius (Rop): The distance between the codewheel center and the centerline between the two domes of the encoder. Gap (G): The distance from surface of the encoder to the surface of codewheel or codestrip. CH A SIGNAL PROCESSING CIRCUITRY Radial and Tangential Misalignment Error (ER, ET): For rotary motion, mechanical displacement in the radial and tangential directions relative to the nominal alignment. GND Angular Misalignment Error (EA): Angular displacement of the encoder relative to the tangential line. RADIAL (ER) ANGULAR (EA) TANGENTIAL (ET) AEDR-8320 AEDR-8320 SHAFT SHAFT CODEWHEEL CODEWHEEL NOTE: DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Phase (f): The number of electrical degrees between the center of high state of Channel A and the center of high state of Channel B. Nominally 90°e. Line Density: The number of window and bar pair per unit length, expressed in either lines per inch (LPI) or lines per mm (LPmm). GND CH B State Width Error (DS): The deviation of state width, in electrical degree, from its ideal value of 90°e. Specular Reflectance (Rf ): The amount of incident light reflected by a surface. Quantified in terms of the percentage of incident light. A spectrometer can be used to measure specular reflectance of a surface (contact factory for more information). Output Waveform PXA PXB SX1 SX2 SX3 SX4 CH B VX12 VX34 CH A 2.5 V VPP VX56 CH B VX78 PA PB S1 S2 S3 S4 VOFFSET 2.5 V 0V VP VPP VM Test Parameter Definitions Name Symbol Definition State Width S1, S2, S3, S4 The number of electrical degrees between a transition in channel A and the neighboring transition in channel B. There are 4 states per cycle, each nominally 90°e. The transitions are determined by where the analog signal crosses the 2.5 V voltage level. State Width Error DS1, DS2, DS3, DS4 The deviation, in electrical degrees, of each state width from its ideal value of 90°e. Pulse Width PA, PB The number of electrical degrees that an analog output is greater than 2.5 V during one cycle. This value is nominally 180°e or 1/2 cycle. Pulse Width Error DPA, DPB The deviation, in electrical degrees, of each pulse width from its ideal value of 180°e. State X Width SX1, SX2, SX3, SX4 The number of electrical degrees between a transition in channel A and neighboring transition in channel B. There are 4 states per cycle, each nominally 90°e. The transitions are determined by where the channel A analog signal crosses with channel B (or its complimentary) signal. State X Width Error DSX1, DSX2, DSX3, DSX4 The deviation, in electrical degrees of each state X width from its ideal value of 90°e. Pulse X Width PXA, PXB Pulse X width A is the number of electrical degrees that analog A output is greater than analog B output during one cycle. Pulse X width B is the number of electrical degrees that analog B output is greater than analog A during one cycle. These value are nominally 180°e or 1/2 cycle. Pulse X Width Error DPXA, DPXB The deviation, in electrical degrees of each pulse X width from its ideal value of 180°e. Analog Peak-toPeak VPP The peak-to-peak signal magnitude in V of the analog signal. Analog Offset VOFFSET The offset in mV from the mid-point of the analog peak-to-peak signal to the zero voltage point. Analog Peak Voltage VPA, VPB VMA, VMB The value in V of the peak and valley of the analog signal (i.e., one-sided reading). Analog Peak to Peak VPPA, VPPB Voltage The absolute difference between VP and VM of channel A or B. Analog Crosspoint Voltage Vx12, Vx34 Vx56, Vx78 The intersections in V of channel A analog waveform with that of either channel B or its component. Analog Offset Voltage VOFFSETA, VOFFSETB The offset in mV from the mid-point of the analog peak to peak signal to 2.5 V. Linearity Error DLinearity Ration (in percentage) of maximum voltage deviation from a straight line connecting adjacent upper and lower crosspoint voltages to the difference between crosspoint voltages. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Units Notes Storage Temperature TS -40 85 °C Operating Temperature TA -10 70 °C Supply Voltage (Detector) VCC -0.5 7 V Output Voltage Va , Vb -0.5 Vcc + 0.4 V DC Forward Current (LED) ILED 40 mA VF < 3 V Reverse Voltage VR 5 V IR = 100 µA Note: 1. Exposure to extreme light intensity (such as from flashbulbs or spotlights) may cause permanent damage to the device. 2. CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions should be taken when handling the encoder in order to avoid damage and/or degradation induced by ESD. 3. Proper operation of the encoder cannot be guaranteed if the maximum ratings are exceeded. Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes Operating Temperature T -10 25 70 °C Supply Voltage (Detector) VCC 4.75 5.0 5.25 V Ripple < 100 mV Vpp Output Frequency F NA 5 20 kHz (Velocity (rpm) x N)/60 DC Forward Current (LED) ILED 16 20 30 mA See note 1 Note: 1. LED Current Limiting Resistor A resistor to limit current to the LED is required. For 3.3 V LED Supply Voltage: The recommended value series resistor is 47 Ω (±10%). For 5.0 V LED Supply Voltage: The recommended resistor value will be 110 Ω (±10%). This will result in an LED current of approximately 20 mA. Electrical Characteristics Characteristics over recommended operating conditions at 25°C. Parameter Symbol Min. Typical Max. Units Supply Current (Detector) ICC NA 5 8 mA LED Forward Voltage VF NA 2.6 3.0 V Notes IF = 20 mA typical Encoding Characteristics Encoding characteristics over the recommended operating condition and mounting conditions. Parameter Symbol Max. Unit State Width Error DS ±40 °e Pulse Width Error DP ±40 °e State X Width Error DSX ±40 °e Pulse X Width Error DPX ±40 °e Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Peak to Peak Voltage (Average) VPPA, VPPB 0.8 1.5 3.0 V Analog Offset Voltage VOFFSETA, VOFFSETB -350 NA 350 mV Linearity Error ∆Linearity NA 5.0 12.5 % Note: Typical values represent the encoder performance at typical mounting alignment, whereas the maximum values represent the encoder performance across the range of recommended mounting tolerance. Part Mounting Tolerances Min. Typ. Max. Units Radial Misalignment from Nominal -0.2 0 0.2 mm Tangential Misalignment from Nominal -0.2 0 0.2 mm Gap Distances Between Codewheel and Detector IC 0.8 1.5 2.0 mm Angular Misalignment -1 0 1 deg Recommended Codewheel and Codestrip Characteristics CODEWHEEL Ww = Wb = 70.5 µm (180 LPI) CODESTRIP Wb Ww Lw Lw Rop Wb, NON-REFLECTIVE AREA Ww, REFLECTIVE AREA Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Window/Bar Ratio Ww/Wb 0.9 1.1 Window/Bar Length LW 1.80 (0.071) 2.31 (0.091) Specular Reflectance Rf 60 85 Reflective area. See note 1. – 10 Non reflective area Line Density LPmm (LPI) Optical Radius Rop 7.09 (180) 11 Notes: 1. Measurements from TMA µScan meter. Contact factory for more information. 2. Contact factory for more information on compatibility of codewheel/strip. Moisture Sensitive Level The AEDR-8320 is specified to moisture sensitive level (MSL) 3. Unit Notes mm (inches) lines/mm (lines/inch) mm Recommended value Outline Drawing 0.75 2.70 4.20 CHAMFER B 0.65 VCC GND A GND A VLED GND 6.50 1.58 BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW 1.69 DETECTOR EMITTER SIDE VIEW NOTES: 1. ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS. 2. TOLERANCE X.XX ± 0.15 mm. Encoder Orientation The AEDR-8320 is designed such that both the LED and detector IC should be placed parallel to the window/bar orientation, as shown. As such, the encoder is tolerant against radial play of ± 0.20 mm. The emitter side should be placed closer to the rotating shaft. CODEWHEEL CODESTRIP DIRECTION OF RADIAL PLAY DIRECTION OF RADIAL PLAY NOTE: DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Mounting Consideration CODEWHEEL/CODESTRIP GAP ROP 11.00 mm (0.433 IN) < ROP < ∞ NOTE: DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Direction of Codewheel Rotation With the emitter side of the encoder placed closer to the codewheel centre, Channel A leads Channel B when the codewheel rotates anti-clockwise and vice versa. ANTI-CLOCKWISE CLOCKWISE EMITTER EMITTER CH. A LEADS CH. B LEADS CH. B CH. A VIEWED FROM TOP NOTE: DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Recommended Land Pattern for AEDR-8320 0.7 mm 1.6 mm 3.3 mm 0.9 mm 10 NOTE: THE SHADED AREAS ARE THE LEADS FOR SOLDERING Recommended Lead-Free Reflow Soldering Temperature Profile 10 - 20 SEC. 300 255°C 250°C TEMPERATURE (°C) 250 217°C 200 120 SEC. MAX. 60 - 150 SEC. 150 125°C 100 50 0 40°C 1 22 45 66 87 108 129 150 171 192 213 235 256 278 299 320 341 363 384 TIME (SEC.) HEAT UP SOLDER PASTE DRY PREHEAT TEMPERATURE 40°C to 125°C TEMPERATURE MAINTAIN ABOVE 217°C PEAK TEMPERATURE TIME ABOVE 250°C = = = = SOLDER REFLOW COOL DOWN 120 SEC. MAX. 60 – 150 SEC. 250 ± 5°C 10 – 20 SEC. Note: Due to treatment of high temperature, AEDR-8320 compound may turn yellow after IR reflow. Ordering Information Revision History AEDR-8320 Option ___ ___ ___ Rev. Date Note 0 August 2006 Preliminary datasheet creation 1 February 2007 Release data sheet Shipping Units 0 – 1000 pcs 2 – 100 pcs Resolution Q – 180 LPI Packaging 1 – Tape and Reel For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our website: www.avagotech.com Avago, Avago Technologies, and the A logo are trademarks of Avago Technologies Limited in the United States and other countries. Data subject to change. Copyright © 2007 Avago Technologies Limited. All rights reserved. AV02-0233EN - August 10, 2007