19-4166; Rev 1; 4/09 KIT ATION EVALU E L B A AVAIL PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN The MAX8819_ is a complete power solution for MP3 players and other handheld applications. The IC includes a battery charger, step-down converters, and WLED power. It features an input current-limit switch to power the IC from an AC-to-DC adapter or USB port, a 1-cell lithium ion (Li+) or lithium polymer (Li-Poly) charger, three step-down converters, and a step-up converter with serial step dimming for powering two to six white LEDs. All power switches for charging and switching the system load between battery and external power are included on-chip. No external MOSFETs are required. The MAX8819C offers a sequenced power-up/powerdown of OUT1, OUT2, and then OUT3. Maxim’s Smart Power Selector™ makes the best use of AC-to-DC adapter power or limited USB power. Battery charge current and input current limit are independently set. Input power not used by the system charges the battery. Charge current is resistor programmable and the input current limit can be selected as 100mA, 500mA, or 1A. Automatic input selection switches the system load from battery to external power. In addition, on-chip thermal limiting reduces the battery charge rate to prevent charger overheating. Features o o o o o o o o o Smart Power Selector Operates with No Battery Present USB/AC Adapter One-Cell Li+ Charger Three 2MHz Step-Down Converters 95% Peak Efficiency 100% Duty Cycle ±3% Output Accuracy over Load/Line/ Temperature 2 to 6 Series WLED Driver with Dimming Control Active-Low REG1 Reset Output Short-Circuit/Thermal-Overload/Input Undervoltage/Overvoltage Protection Power-Up/Down Sequencing (MAX8819C) Total Solution Size: Less Than 90mm2 Typical Operating Circuit USB/AC-TO-DC ADAPTER SYS DC Applications DLIM1 DLIM2 MP3 Players BAT Portable GPS Devices + ENABLE SYSTEM Low-Power Handheld Products Cellular Telephones Digital Cameras Handheld Instrumentation EN123 ENABLE CHARGER CEN ENABLE BACKLIGHT EN4 SYS LX4 Li+/Li-Poly BATTERY LX1 OUT1 I/O LX2 OUT2 MEMORY LX3 OUT3 CORE MAX8819_ PDAs OVP4 Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PINPACKAGE SYS VOLTAGE (V) MAX8819AETI+ -40°C to +85°C 28 TQFN-EP* 4.35 MAX8819BETI+ -40°C to +85°C 28 TQFN-EP* 5.3 MAX8819CETI+ -40°C to +85°C 28 TQFN-EP* 4.35 CISET FB4 CHG CHG RST1 RST1 +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. Smart Power Selector is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C General Description MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS DC, SYS, BAT, CISET, DLIM1, DLIM2, EN123 CEN, EN4, CHG, RST1, FB1, FB2, FB3 to GND....-0.3V to +6V PV2 to GND ...............................................-0.3V to (VSYS + 0.3V) PV13 to SYS...........................................................-0.3V to +0.3V PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4 to GND................................-0.3V to +0.3V COMP4, FB4 to GND ................................-0.3V to (VSYS + 0.3V) LX4 to PG4 .............................................................-0.3V to +33V OVP4 to GND .........................................................-0.3V to +33V LX1, LX2, LX3 Continuous Current (Note 1) .........................1.5A LX4 Current ................................................................750mARMS Output Short-Circuit Duration.....................................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 28-Pin Thin QFN Single-Layer Board (derate 20.8mW/°C above +70°C)...........................................................1666.7mW 28-Pin Thin QFN Multilayer Board (derate 28.6mW/°C above +70°C)...........................................................2285.7mW Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC) (Note 2) 28-Lead Thin QFN...........................................................3°C/W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature........................................-40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature.........................................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Note 1: LX1, LX2, LX3 have clamp diodes to their respective PG_ and PV_. Applications that forward bias these diodes must take care not to exceed the package power dissipation limits. Note 2: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to http://www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5.5 V DC POWER INPUT DC Voltage Range VDC 4.1 MAX8819A/MAX8819C 4.3 4.35 4.4 MAX8819B 5.1 5.3 5.5 SYS Regulation Voltage VSYS_REG VDC = 5.75V DC Undervoltage Threshold VUVLO_DC VDC rising, 500mV typical hysteresis 3.95 4.00 4.05 V DC Overvoltage Threshold VOVLO_DC VDC rising, 300mV typical hysteresis VDC = 5.75V, VSYS = 5V DLIM[1:2] = 10 for MAX8819B or VSYS = DLIM[1:2] = 01 4V for MAX8819A/ DLIM[1:2] = 00 MAX8819C DLIM[1:2] = 11 (suspend) 5.811 5.9 6.000 V 90 95 100 DC Current Limit (Note 4) DC Quiescent Current DC-to-SYS Dropout Resistance DC-to-SYS Soft-Start Time IDCLIM IDCIQ RDS 450 475 500 900 1000 1100 0.02 0.035 DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11, ISYS = 0mA, IBAT = 0mA, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, CEN = high, VDC = 5.5V 1.33 DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11, ISYS = 0mA, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, CEN = low, VDC = 5.5V 0.95 VDC = 4V, ISYS = 400mA, DLIM[1:2] = 01 0.330 tSS-D-S DC Thermal-Limit Temperature Die temperature where current limit is reduced DC Thermal-Limit Gain Amount of input current reduction above thermal-limit temperature V mA mA 0.700 Ω 1.5 ms 100 °C 5 %/°C SYSTEM System Operating Voltage Range 2 VSYS 2.6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5.5 V PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER System Undervoltage Lockout Threshold BAT-to-SYS Reverse Regulation Voltage SYMBOL MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.45 2.5 2.55 V 50 66 90 mV VDC = 0V, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, VBAT = 4V 10 20 VDC = 5V, DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, VBAT = 4V 0 10 VDC = 0V, EN123 = high, EN4 = low, VBAT = 4V (step-down converters are not in dropout) 128 290 VDC = 0V, EN123 = high, EN4 = high, VBAT = 4V (step-down converters are not in dropout) 362 730 VUVLO_SYS VSYS falling, 100mV hysteresis VBSREG ISYS + IPV13 + IPV2 Quiescent Current CONDITIONS DC and BAT are delivering current to SYS; IBAT = 95mA; VDC = 4.3V, MAX8819A/MAX8819C (only) µA BATTERY CHARGER (VDC = 5.0V) BAT-to-SYS On-Resistance BAT Regulation Voltage (Figure 2) RBS VBATREG BAT Recharge Threshold BAT Prequalification Threshold VBATPRQ RCISET Resistance Range CISET Voltage VCISET BAT Fast-Charge Current Limit BAT Prequalification Current Top-Off Threshold (Note 5) BAT Leakage Current VDC = 0V, VBAT = 4.2V, ISYS = 0.9A 0.073 0.165 TA = +25°C 4.174 4.200 4.221 TA = -40°C to +85°C 4.158 4.200 4.242 (Note 4) Ω V -135 -100 -65 mV VBAT rising, 180mV hysteresis, Figure 2 2.9 3.0 3.1 V Guaranteed by BAT fast-charge current limit 3 15 kΩ V RCISET = 7.5kΩ, IBAT = 267mA 0.9 1.0 1.1 DLIM[1:2] = 10, RCISET = 3kΩ 87 92 100 DLIM[1:2] = 01, RCISET = 3kΩ 450 472 500 DLIM[1:2] = 00, RCISET = 15kΩ 170 200 230 DLIM[1:2] = 00, RCISET = 7.5kΩ 375 400 425 DLIM[1:2] = 00, RCISET = 3.74kΩ 740 802 860 IPREQUAL VBAT = 2.5V, RCISET = 3.74kΩ 60 82 105 mA ITOPOFF TA = +25°C, RCISET = 3.74kΩ 60 mA ICHGMAX 82 105 VDC = 0V, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, CEN = low, VBAT = 4V 10 20 VDC = 5V, DLIM[1:2] = 11, EN123 = low, EN4 = low, VBAT = 4V 0 mA µA _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER Charger Soft-Start Time SYMBOL tSS_CHG CONDITIONS MIN TYP Slew rate 333 Time from 0 to 500mA 1.5 Time from 0 to 100mA 0.3 Time from 100mA to 500mA 1.2 Timer Accuracy Timer Suspend Threshold CISET voltage when the fast-charge timer suspends; 300mV translates to 20% of the maximum fast-charge current limit 250 Timer Extend Threshold CISET voltage when the fast-charge timer extends; 750mV translates to 50% of the maximum fast-charge current limit 700 MAX UNITS mA/ms ms +15 % 300 350 mV 750 800 mV Prequalification Time tPREQUAL 33 min Fast-Charge Time tFSTCHG 660 min Top-Off Time tTOPOFF 33 min 2.6 ms 5 ms +165 °C 15 °C VSYS V POWER SEQUENCING (Figures 6 and 7) REG1, REG2, REG3 Soft-Start Time tSS1, tSS2, tSS3 REG4 Soft-Start Time tSS4 CCOMP4 = 0.022µF to GND REGULATOR THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Temperature TJ rising Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis REG1–SYNCHRONOUS STEP-DOWN CONVERTER Input Voltage PV13 supplied from SYS Maximum Output Current L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω (Note 6) Short-Circuit Current MAX8819A/MAX8819B 400 MAX8819C 550 mA 600 mA Short-Circuit Detection Threshold 230 mV Short-Circuit Foldback Frequency fOSC/3 Hz FB1 Voltage L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω (Note 7) 0.997 Output Voltage Range FB1 Leakage Current 1.01 1 VFB1 = 1.01V TA = +25°C -50 TA = +85°C -5 1.028 V VSYS V +50 -10 nA Load Regulation IOUT1 = 100mA to 300mA 1 % Line Regulation (Note 9) 1 %/D p-Channel On-Resistance VPV13 = 4.0V, ILX1 = 180mA 190 mΩ n-Channel On-Resistance VPV13 = 4.0V, ILX1 = 180mA 250 p-Channel Current-Limit Threshold MAX8819A/MAX8819B 0.565 0.600 0.640 MAX8819C 0.615 0.650 0.750 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ mΩ A PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL Skip-Mode Transition Current CONDITIONS MIN (Note 8) n-Channel Zero-Crossing Threshold Maximum Duty Cycle MAX mA 10 mA % 12.5 fOSC Internal Discharge Resistance in Shutdown 1.8 EN123 = low, resistance from LX1 to PG1 UNITS 80 100 Minimum Duty Cycle PWM Frequency TYP 2.0 % 2.2 MHz 1.0 kΩ VSYS V REG2–SYNCHRONOUS STEP-DOWN CONVERTER Input Voltage PV2 supplied from SYS Maximum Output Current L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω (Note 6) Short-Circuit Current MAX8819A/MAX8819B 300 MAX8819C 500 mA L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω Short-Circuit Detection Threshold Short-Circuit Foldback Frequency 600 mA 230 mV fOSC/3 FB2 Voltage (Note 7) 0.997 Output Voltage Range 1.012 1 FB2 Leakage Current VFB2 = 1.01V TA = +25°C -50 TA = +85°C -5 Hz 1.028 V VSYS V +50 -50 nA Load Regulation IOUT2 = 100mA to 300mA 1 % Line Regulation (Note 9) 1 %/D p-Channel On-Resistance VPV2 = 4.0V, ILX2 = 180mA 290 mΩ n-Channel On-Resistance VPV2 = 4.0V, ILX2 = 180mA p-Channel Current-Limit Threshold MAX8819A/MAX8819B 0.512 0.550 0.595 MAX8819C 0.565 0.600 0.700 Skip-Mode Transition Current (Note 8) 200 n-Channel Zero-Crossing Threshold Maximum Duty Cycle Internal Discharge Resistance in Shutdown REG2 Disable mA 10 mA % 12.5 fOSC ∆ISYS 1.8 A 80 100 Minimum Duty Cycle PWM Frequency mΩ 2.0 % 2.2 MHz EN123 = low, resistance from LX2 to PG2 1.0 kΩ VPV2 = 0V, REG2 disabled (Note 10) -25 µA VSYS V REG3–SYNCHRONOUS STEP-DOWN CONVERTER Input Voltage PV13 supplied from SYS _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω (Note 6) Maximum Output Current Short-Circuit Current MIN MAX8819A/MAX8819B 300 MAX8819C 500 TYP MAX mA L = 4.7µH, RLSR = 0.13Ω Short-Circuit Detection Threshold Short-Circuit Foldback Frequency 600 mA 230 mV fOSC/3 FB3 Voltage (Note 7) 0.997 Output Voltage Range 1.01 1 TA = +25°C -50 -5 Hz 1.028 V VSYS V +50 FB3 Leakage Current VFB3 = 1.01V Load Regulation IOUT3 = 100mA to 300mA Line Regulation (Note 9) p-Channel Current-Limit Threshold MAX8819A/MAX8819B 0.512 0.550 0.595 MAX8819C 0.565 0.600 0.700 Skip-Mode Transition Current (Note 8) TA = +85°C -50 1.3 p-Channel On-Resistance VPV13 = 4.0V, ILX3 = 180mA n-Channel On-Resistance VPV13 = 4.0V, ILX3 = 180mA Maximum Duty Cycle %/D mA 10 mA 290 mΩ 120 mΩ % 12.5 fOSC Internal Discharge Resistance in Shutdown 1.8 EN123 = low, resistance from LX3 to PG3 A 80 100 Minimum Duty Cycle nA % 1 n-Channel Zero-Crossing Threshold PWM Frequency UNITS 2.0 % 2.2 1.0 MHz kΩ REG4–STEP-UP CONVERTER Input Voltage Power supplied from SYS (see Figure 1) Output Voltage Range VOUT4 FB4 Regulation Voltage VFB4 FB4 Leakage No dimming REG4 disabled (EN4 = low) Switching Frequency 2.4 5.5 V VSYS 24 V 475 500 525 mV -0.050 +0.005 +0.050 µA 0.9 1 1.1 MHz Minimum Duty Cycle Maximum Duty Cycle OVP4 Overvoltage Detection VOVP OVP4 Input Current OVP4 = SYS, EN4 = high OVP4 Leakage Current REG4 disabled (EN4 = low), OVP4 = SYS n-Channel On-Resistance VSYS = 4.0V, ILX4 = 200mA n-Channel Off-Leakage Current VLX4 = 28V n-Channel Current Limit 6 5 % 90 94 % 24 25 26 4 V µA -1 +0.001 +1 -1 +0.001 +1 µA 555 695 950 mA 395 _______________________________________________________________________________________ µA mΩ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN (DC, LX_ unconnected; VEP = VGND = 0V, VBAT = 4V, DLIM[1:2] = 00, EN123 = EN4 = low, VFB1 = VFB2 = VFB3 = 1.1V, VFB4 = 0.6V, PV13 = PV2 = SYS, TA = -40°C to +85°C, capacitors as shown in Figure 1, RCISET = 3kΩ, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2 3.2 ms 500 µs LED DIMMING CONTROL (EN4) EN4 Low Shutdown Delay tSHDN EN4 High Enable Delay (Figure 8) tH_INIT 100 EN4 Low Time tLO 0.5 EN4 High Time tHI 0.5 µs µs RESET (RST1) Reset Trip Threshold VTHRST Reset Deassert Delay Time tDRST Reset Glitch Filter tGLRST Voltage from FB1 to GND, VFB1 falling, 50mV hysteresis 0.765 0.858 0.945 V 180 200 220 ms 50 µs LOGIC (DLIM1, DLIM2, EN123, EN4, CHG, RST1) Logic Input-Voltage Low VDC = 4.1V to 5.5V, VSYS = 2.6V to 5.5V Logic Input-Voltage High VDC = 4.1V to 5.5V, VSYS = 2.6V to 5.5V 0.4 Logic Input Pulldown Resistance VLOGIC = 0.4V to 5.5V, CEN, EN123, EN4 400 760 1200 kΩ Logic Leakage Current VLOGIC = 0 to 5.5V, DLIM1, DLIM2 -1.0 +0.001 +1.0 µA Logic Output Voltage Low ISINK = 1mA 7 15 mV Logic Output-High Leakage Current VLOGIC = 5.5V +0.001 +1.0 µA 1.2 -1.0 V V Note 3: Limits are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation using statistical quality control (SQC) methods. Note 4: The charger transitions from done to fast-charge mode at this BAT recharge threshold. Note 5: The charger transitions from fast-charge to top-off mode at this top-off threshold (Figure 2). Note 6: The maximum output current is guaranteed by correlation to the p-channel current-limit threshold, p-channel on-resistance, n-channel on-resistance, oscillator frequency, input voltage range, and output voltage range. The parameter is stated for a 4.7µH inductor with 0.13Ω series resistance. See the Step-Down Converter Maximum Output Current section for more information. Note 7: The step-down output voltages are 1% high with no load due to the load-line architecture. Note 8: The skip-mode current threshold is the transition point between fixed-frequency PWM operation and skip-mode operation. The specification is given in terms of output load current for inductor values shown in the typical application circuit (Figure 1). Note 9: Line regulation for the step-down converters is measured as ∆VOUT/∆D, where D is the duty cycle (approximately VOUT/VIN). Note 10: REG2 is disabled by connecting PV2 to ground, decreasing the quiescent current. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 0.8 0.6 FALLING 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.6 FALLING RISING 0.4 0.2 0.2 0 0 1000 VDC = 5V EN123 = 1 900 BATTERY LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA) RISING MAX8819A toc02 1.0 1.2 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) MAX8819A toc01 1.2 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) BATTERY LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE DC QUIESCENT CURRENT vs. DC VOLTAGE (CHARGER DISABLED) MAX8819A toc03 DC QUIESCENT CURRENT vs. DC VOLTAGE (CHARGER ENABLED) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 5 0 0 6 1 BATTERY LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE 700 600 450 400 500 400 300 350 RCISET = 6.8kΩ 300 250 200 150 200 100 100 50 RCISET = 15kΩ 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 1 2 3 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 3.96 3.94 3.92 DC UNCONNECTED VBATT = 4V 4.21 4.20 4.19 4.18 4.17 4 5 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 4.4 VDC = 5.1V VBATT = 4V DLIM[1:2] = 10 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.88 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 8 4.22 4.5 MAX8819A toc07 3.98 3.90 4.23 SYSTEM VOLTAGE vs. SYSTEM CURRENT SYSTEM VOLTAGE (V) SYSTEM VOLTAGE (V) 4.00 4.24 4.15 0 SYSTEM VOLTAGE vs. SYSTEM CURRENT 4.02 4.25 4.16 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) BATTERY REGULATION VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE 500 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 800 0 6 MAX8819A toc05 VDC = 0V EN123 = 0 900 5 CHARGE CURRENT vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE MAX8819A toc04 1000 2 3 4 DC VOLTAGE, VDC (V) MAX8819A toc06 2 3 4 DC VOLTAGE (V) MAX8819A toc08 1 BATTERY REGULATION VOLTAGE (V) 0 BATTERY LEAKAGE CURRENT (nA) MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 60 85 PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN SYSTEM VOLTAGE vs. SYSTEM CURRENT AC-TO-DC ADAPTER CONNECT MAX8819A toc10 MAX8819A toc09 4.5 SYSTEM VOLTAGE (V) 4.4 VDC 5V/div 4.3 4.2 4.3V 3.84V VSYS CDC CHARGING IDC 4.1 VDC = 5.1V VBATT = 4V DLIM[1:2] = 01 IBAT BATTERY CHARGER SOFT-START 3.8 400µs/div POWER-UP SEQUENCING (MAX8819A/MAX8819B) POWER-UP SEQUENCING (MAX8819C) 2V/div 2V/div 0V VV3 0V 2V/div 2V/div VV2 0V VV2 0V 2V/div 2V/div 0V 2V/div 0V VV3 VV1 0V 2ms/div 1ms/div POWER-DOWN SEQUENCING (MAX8819C) REG1 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (VREG1 = 3.01V) MAX8819A toc13 VV2 90 2V/div 0V 2V/div 0V VV1 2V/div VRST1 MAX8819A toc14 VV3 100 0V 2V/div 0V 80 REG1 EFFICIENCY (%) IV3 = 200mA IV2 = 180mA IV1 = 220mA 1A/div MAX8819A toc12 MAX8819A toc11 VV1 1A/div -1A 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) VEN123 2V/div NEGATIVE BATTERY CURRENT FLOWS INTO THE BATTERY 4.0 3.9 4V CSYS CHARGING 1A 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 100µs/div 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) REG1 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT REG1 LOAD REGULATION 3.08 VOUT1 = 3V 200 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 3.07 MAX8819A toc16 250 MAX8819A toc15 3.09 REG1 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN 3.06 3.05 3.04 3.03 3.02 SYS IS 100mV BELOW THE REG1 NOMINAL REGULATION VOLTAGE 150 VOUT1 = 3.3V 100 50 3.01 3.00 0 2.99 0 50 0 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 REG1 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) REG1 HEAVY-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS REG1 LIGHT-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS MAX8819A toc18 MAX8819A toc17 20mV/div AC-COUPLED VOUT1 2V/div VLX1 20mV/div AC-COUPLED VOUT1 VLX1 2V/div 0V 0V 100mA/div 0mA ILX1 ILX1 200mA/div 0mA 200mA LOAD 20mA LOAD 400ns/div 2µs/div LINE TRANSIENT REG1 LOAD TRANSIENT (VOUT = 3V) MAX8819A toc19 MAX8819A toc20 300mA 5V VSYS 4V 4V 100mA/div 2V/div IOUT1 30mA 30mA VOUT1 100mV/div 3V DC OFFSET 50mV/div AC-COUPLED VOUT1 VOUT1 = 3V IOUT1 = 30mA 100µs/div 10 200µs/div ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN REG2 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (VREG2 = 1.82V) 60 50 40 30 20 1.84 1.83 1.82 MAX8819A toc23 90 80 REG3 EFFICIENCY (%) 1.85 70 100 MAX8819A toc22 80 REG2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 90 70 60 50 40 30 20 1.81 10 10 0 0 1.80 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 REG2 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 0.1 1 10 100 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 1000 REG3 LIGHT-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS REG3 LOAD REGULATION MAX8819A toc25 MAX8819A toc24 1.225 1.220 REG3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) REG2 EFFICIENCY (%) 1.86 MAX8819A toc21 100 REG3 EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT (VREG3 = 1.21V) REG2 LOAD REGULATION 20mV/div AC-COUPLED VOUT3 1.215 1.210 VLX3 1.205 2V/div 0V 1.200 1.195 100mA/div ILX3 1.190 0mA 20mA LOAD 1.185 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 REG3 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 2µs/div REG3 HEAVY-LOAD SWITCHING WAVEFORMS REG3 LOAD TRANSIENT MAX8819A toc27 MAX8819A toc26 320mA 20mV/div AC-COUPLED VOUT3 VLX3 2V/div 0V ILX3 100mA/div IOUT3 30mA 30mA VOUT3 100mV/div 1.2V DC OFFSET 200mA/div 0mA 200mA LOAD 400ns/div 200µs/div ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) LED EFFICIENCY vs. LED CURRENT (6 LEDS) LED EFFICIENCY vs. SYS VOLTAGE 6 LEDS 80 70 LED EFFICIENCY (%) 80 75 4 LEDS 65 60 50 40 30 ILED = 25mA INDUCTOR: TOKO 1096AS-100M DIODE: NXP PMEG3005EB 60 55 20 VSYS = 3.6V 10 0 50 3.5 4.0 4.5 SYS VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 80 95 BOOST 90 85 EFFICIENCY (%) 70 60 50 40 80 75 LED 70 65 30 ILED = 25mA 6 LEDS INDUCTOR: TOKO 1096AS-100M DIODE: NXP PMEG3005EB 60 20 VSYS = 3.6V 10 55 5 10 15 LED CURRENT (mA) 20 300 250 200 150 100 6 LEDS, ILED = 25mA 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 SYS VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 REG4 STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN RESPONSE 5.5 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 SYS VOLTAGE (V) FB4 VOLTAGE vs. LED CURRENT MAX8819A toc33 MAX8819A toc34 500 2V/div VEN4 450 10V/div 0V ILED 10mA/div FB4 VOLTAGE (mV) 400 VOVP4 25 0 2.5 25 20 50 50 0 0 10 15 LED CURRENT (mA) REG4 INPUT CURRENT vs. SYS VOLTAGE 100 MAX8819A toc30 90 5 LED AND BOOST EFFICIENCY vs. SYS VOLTAGE LED EFFICIENCY vs. LED CURRENT (4 LEDS) 100 0 5.5 MAX8819A toc32 3.0 MAX8819A toc31 2.5 REG4 INPUT CURRENT (mA) LED EFFICIENCY (%) 90 85 70 MAX8819A toc29 95 90 100 MAX8819A toc28 100 LED EFFICIENCY (%) MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN 350 300 250 200 150 100 0mA 50 0 2ms/div 12 0 5 10 15 LED CURRENT (mA) 20 25 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5.0 5.5 PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN MINIMUM LED CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM LED CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 25.4 0.745 25.2 LED CURRENT (mA) LED CURRENT (mA) 25.3 0.750 MAX8819A toc36 MAX8819A toc35 25.5 25.1 0.740 25.0 24.9 24.8 0.735 24.7 24.6 0.730 24.5 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 Pin Description PIN NAME 1 COMP4 FUNCTION 2 FB4 3 OVP4 4 PG4 REG4 Power Ground 5 LX4 Inductor Switching Node for REG4 6 GND Analog Ground 7 EN4 REG4 Enable Input and Dimming Control Digital Input 8 RST1 Active-Low, Open-Drain Reset Output. RST1 pulls low to indicate that FB1 is below its regulation threshold. RST1 goes high 200ms after FB1 reaches its regulation threshold. RST1 is high-impedance when EN123 is low, and DC is unconnected. 9 BAT Positive Battery Terminal Connection. Connect BAT to the positive terminal of a single-cell Li+/Li-Poly battery. Bypass BAT to GND with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor. 10 SYS System Supply Output. Bypass SYS to GND with a 10µF ceramic capacitor. When a valid voltage is present at DC and DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11, VSYS is limited to 4.35V (MAX8819A/MAX8819C) or 5.3V (MAX8819B). When the system load (ISYS) exceeds the input current limit, VSYS drops 75mV (VBSREG) below VBAT, allowing both the external power source and the battery to service SYS. SYS is connected to BAT through an internal 70mΩ system load switch when a valid source is not present at DC. 11 DC DC Power Input. DC is capable of delivering 1A to SYS. DC supports both AC adapters and USB inputs. As shown in Table 1, the DC current limit is controlled by DLIM1 and DLIM2. 12 CEN Battery Charger Enable Input 13 FB1 Feedback Input for REG1. Connect FB1 to the center of a resistor voltage-divider from the REG1 output capacitors to GND to set the output voltage from 1V to VSYS. External Compensation Capacitor for REG4 REG4 Feedback Input Overvoltage Protection Node for REG4 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (Circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C Pin Description (continued) PIN 14 NAME FUNCTION 14 CISET Charge Rate Select Input. Connect a resistor from CISET to GND (RCISET) to set the fast-charge current limit, prequalification-charge current limit, and top-off threshold. 15 CHG Active-Low, Open-Drain Charge Status Output. CHG pulls low to indicate that the battery is charging. See Figure 3 for more information. 16 PG1 REG1 Power Ground 17 LX1 Inductor Switching Node for REG1. When enabled, LX1 switches between PV13 and PG1 to regulate the FB1 voltage to 1.0V. When disabled, LX1 is pulled to PG1 by 1kΩ in shutdown. 18 PV13 19 LX3 Inductor Switching Node for REG3. When enabled, LX3 switches between PV13 and PG3 to regulate the FB3 voltage to 1.0V. When disabled, LX3 is pulled to PG3 by a 1kΩ internal resistor. 20 PG3 REG3 Power Ground 21 DLIM1 Input Current-Limit Selection Digital Input 1. Drive high or low according to Table 1 to set the DC input current limit. 22 FB2 Feedback Input for REG2. Connect FB2 to the center of a resistor voltage-divider from the REG2 output capacitors to GND to set the output voltage from 1V to VSYS. FB2 must be connected to GND if REG2 is disabled by grounding PV2. 23 FB3 Feedback Input for REG3. Connect FB3 to the center of a resistor voltage-divider from the REG3 output capacitors to GND to set the output voltage from 1V to VSYS. 24 EN123 REG1, REG2, and REG3 Enable Input. Drive EN123 high to enable REG1, REG2, and REG3. Drive EN123 low to disable REG1, REG2, and REG3. The enable/disable sequencing is shown in Figures 6 and 7. 25 PV2 Power Input for REG2. Connect PV2 to SYS for normal operation. Bypass PV2 to PG2 with a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor. For systems that do not require REG2, connect PV2, FB2, and PG2 to GND (LX2 may be unconnected or connected to GND). 26 LX2 Inductor Switching Node for REG2. When enabled, LX2 switches between PV2 and PG2 to regulate the FB2 voltage to 1.0V. When disabled, LX2 is pulled to PG2 by a 1kΩ internal resistor. 27 PG2 REG2 Power Ground 28 DLIM2 — EP Power Input for the REG1 and REG3 Converters. Connect PV13 to SYS. Bypass PV13 to PG1 with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor. Input Current-Limit Selection Digital Input 2. Drive high or low according to Table 1 to set the DC input current limit. Exposed Pad ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN SYS C1 4.7µF C5 10µF DLIM1 DLIM2 DC ILIM (mA) 1000 0 0 1 0 475 0 1 95 1 SUSPEND 1 DLIM1 SMART POWER SELECTOR DLIM2 GLITCH FILTER Li+/Li-Poly BATTERY CHARGER AND SYSTEM LOAD SWITCH SYS BAT C6 + 4.7µF Li+/LiPo BATTERY FASTBATTERY DESIRED CAPACITY CHARGE R7 (kΩ) CHARGE CURRENT (mAh) RATE (C) (mA) 300 14.3 210 0.7 0.7 400 280 10.7 0.7 600 7.15 420 560 800 0.7 5.36 0.7 900 632 4.75 ON CEN CISET R2 CHG CHG PV13 PV13 OFF OUT1 R6 470kΩ BIAS MAX8819A MAX8819B MAX8819C MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C DC AC-TO-DC ADAPTER SYS C7 4.7µF ON EN EN123 REG1 STEP-DOWN DC-DC OFF PWM D7 C8* 10µF REG1/RESET 87% FALLING 50us BLANKING 92% RISING 80ms DELAY PG4 D1 PG4 D2 UP TO 6 WLED PG4 COMP4 PG2 EN REG4 STEP-UP DC-DC REG2 STEP-DOWN DC-DC D5 LX2 FB4 EN EN4 REG3 STEP-DOWN DC-DC PULSE DIMMING LX3 FB3 1.2V 300mA L3 4.7µH R14 20.0kΩ PG3 EP OUT2 R13 100kΩ C11* 10µF OUT3 PG3 PWM GND C10* 10µF PG2 PG2 PV13 R1 20 (25mA) R12 80.6kΩ FB2 1.8V 200mA L2 4.7µH PG2 PWM OFF SYS C9 2.2µF D4 ON RST1 PV2 D3 D6 OUT1 R10 470kΩ RST1 C4 0.022µF OUT1 PG1 R9 PG1 100kΩ OVP4 PG4 C3 0.1µF 50V X7R R8 200kΩ FB1 LX4 SYS OUT4 3.0V 400mA PG1 L1 4.7µH PG1 L4 10µH C2 0.1µF LX1 R15 PG3 100kΩ *22µF FOR MAX8819C IS RECOMMENDED. Figure 1. Functional Diagram/Typical Applications Circuit Detailed Description The MAX8819_ is a complete power solution that includes a battery charger, step-down converters, and WLED power. As shown in Figure 1, the IC integrates a DC power input, Li+/Li-Poly battery charger, three stepdown converters, and one step-up converter for powering white LEDs. All three step-down converters feature adjustable output voltages set with external resistors. The MAX8819_ has one external power input that connects to either an AC-to-DC adapter or USB port. Logic inputs DLIM1 and DLIM2 select the desired input current limit. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN In addition to charging the battery, the IC supplies power to the system through the SYS output. The charging current is provided from SYS so that the set input current limit controls the total SYS current, this is the sum of the system load current and the batterycharging current. In some instances, there may not be enough DC input current to supply peak system loads. The Smart Power Selector circuitry offers flexible power distribution from an AC-to-DC adapter or USB source to the battery and system load. The battery is charged with any available power not used by the system load. If a system load peak exceeds the input current limit, supplemental current is taken from the battery. Thermal limiting prevents overheating by reducing power drawn from the input source. In the past, it might have been necessary to reduce system functionality to limit current drain when a USB source is connected. However, with the MAX8819_, this is no longer the case. When the DC or USB source hits its limit, the battery supplies supplemental current to maintain the load. The IC features overvoltage protection. Part of this protection is a 4.35V (MAX8819A/MAX8819C) or 5.3V (MAX8819B) voltage limiter at SYS. If DC exceeds the overvoltage threshold of 5.88V (VOVLO_DC), the input limiter disconnects SYS from DC, but battery-powered operation of all regulators is still allowed. Input Limiter The Smart Power Selector seamlessly distributes power between the current-limited external input (DC), the battery (BAT), and the system load (SYS). The basic functions performed are: With both an external power supply (DC) and battery (BAT) connected: • When the system load requirements are less than the input current limit, the battery is charged with residual power from the input. • When the system load requirements exceed the input current limit, the battery supplies supplemental current to the load through the internal system load switch. • When the battery is connected and there is no external power input, the system (SYS) is powered from the battery. • When an external power input is connected and there is no battery, the system (SYS) is powered from the external power input. 16 A thermal-limiting circuit reduces the battery charge rate and external power source current to prevent the MAX8819_ from overheating. System Load Switch An internal 70mΩ MOSFET connects SYS to BAT when no voltage source is available at DC. When an external source is detected at DC, this switch opens and SYS is powered from the valid input source through the Smart Power Selector. When the system load requirements exceed the input current limit, the battery supplies supplemental current to the load through the internal system load switch. If the system load continuously exceeds the input current limit, the battery does not charge, even though external power is connected. This is not expected to occur in most cases because high loads usually occur only in short peaks. During these peaks, battery energy is used, but at all other times the battery charges. DC Power Input (DC, DLIM1, DLIM2) DC is a current-limited power input that supplies the system (SYS) up to 1A. The DC to SYS switch is a linear regulator designed to operate in dropout. This linear regulator prevents the SYS voltage from exceeding 5.3V for the MAX8819B or 4.35V for the MAX8819A/ MAX8819C. As shown in Table 1, DC supports four different current limits that are set with the DLIM1 and DLIM2 digital inputs. These current limits are ideally suited for use with AC-to-DC wall adapters and USB power. The operating voltage range for DC is 4.1V to 5.5V, but it can tolerate up to 6V without damage. When the DC input voltage is below the undervoltage threshold (4V), it is considered invalid. When the DC voltage is below the battery voltage it is considered invalid. The DC power input is disconnected when the DC voltage is invalid. Bypass DC to ground with at least a 4.7µF capacitor. Four current settings are provided based upon the settings of DLIM1 and DLIM2, see Table 1. DLIM1 and DLIM2 are deglitched. This deglitching prevents the problem of major carry transitions momentarily entering the suspend state. Table 1. DC Current-Limit Settings DLIM1 DLIM2 DC ILIM (mA) 0 0 1000 0 1 475 1 0 95 1 1 Suspend ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C TOP-OFF PREQUALIFICATION FAST-CHARGE (CONSTANT CURRENT) FAST-CHARGE (CONSTANT VOLTAGE) DONE BATTERY VOLTAGE VBATREG VBATPRQ BATTERY CHARGE CURRENT ICHGMAX IPREQUAL ITOPOFF 0 CHG HIGH IMPEDANCE LOW Figure 2. Li+/Li-Poly Charge Profile Battery Charger Figure 2 shows the typical Li+/Li-Poly charge profile for the MAX8819_, and Figure 3 shows the battery charger state diagram. With a valid DC input that is not suspended, the battery charger initiates a charge cycle once CEN is driven high. It first detects the battery voltage. If the battery voltage is less than the prequalification threshold (3.0V), the charger enters prequalification mode and charges the battery at 10% of the maximum fast-charge current while deeply discharged. Once the battery voltage rises to 3.0V, the charger transitions to fast-charge mode and applies the maximum charge current. As charging continues, the battery voltage rises until it approaches the battery regulation voltage (4.2V typ) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN ICHGMAX = 2000 x 1.5V RCISET DC = INVALID NO INPUT POWER ICHG = 0mA CHG = 1 DC = VALID ANY STATE DLIM[1:2] = 11 INPUT SUSPENDED DLIM[1:2] = 11 ICHG = 0mA CHG = 1 CHARGER DISABLED ICHG = 0mA CHG = 1 DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11 CEN = 0 CEN = 1 IC SETS TIMER = 0 TIMER FAULT ICHG = 0mA CHG = 2Hz SQUAREWAVE t > tPREQUAL PREQUALIFICATION ICHG ≤ ICHGMAX/10 CHG = 0 VBAT < 2.82V IC SETS TIMER = 0 t > tFSTCHG VBAT > 3V, IC SETS TIMER = 0 ICHG < ICHGMAX x 50% AND VBAT < VBATREG IC EXTENDS TIMER BY 2x FAST-CHARGE ICHG ≤ ICHGMAX CHG = 0 ICHG < ICHGMAX x 20% IC SETS TIMER = 0 TIMER EXTEND (ICHGMAX x 20%) < ICHG < (ICHGMAX x 50%) CHG = 0 ICHG < ICHGMAX x 10% AND VBAT IC SETS TIMER = 0 TOP-OFF CHG = 1 VBAT = VBATREG ICHG ≤ ICHGMAX/10 tTOP-OFF > ICHG < ICHGMAX x 53% OR VBAT = VBATREG IC RESUMES TIMER VBAT < (VBATREG 100mV) IC SETS TIMER = 0 33min ICHG < ISET x 23% OR VBAT = VBATREG ICHG < ICHGMAX x 20% IC RESUMES TIMER AND VBAT<VBATREG IC SUSPENDS TIMER TIMER SUSPEND ICHG < (ICHGMAX x 20%) CHG = 0 DONE (VBATREG -100mV) ≤ VBAT ≤ VBATREG ICHG = 0mA CHG = 1 Figure 3. Li+/Li-Poly Charger State Diagram where charge current starts tapering down. When charge current decreases to 10% of the maximum fastcharge current, the charger enters a 33min top-off state and then charging stops. If the battery voltage subsequently drops 100mV below the battery regulation voltage, charging restarts and the timers reset. The battery charge rate is set by several factors: 18 • Battery voltage • • • • DC input current limit The charge-setting resistor, RCISET The system load (ISYS) The die temperature ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN Charge Status Output (CHG) CHG is an open-drain, active-low output that indicates charger status. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, CHG is low when the charger is in its prequalification or fastcharge states. When a timer count is exceeded in either state, CHG indicates the fault by blinking at a 2Hz rate and remains in that state until the charger is reset by CEN going low, removal of DC or setting DLIM[1:2] = 11. FAST-CHARGE, PREQUALIFICATION, AND TOP-OFF CURRENT vs. CHARGE-SETTING RESISTOR 10,000 ICHGMAX CURRENT (mA) 1000 100 IPREQUAL, ITOP-OFF 10 1 0 5 10 RCISET (kΩ) 15 20 Figure 4. Calculated Charge Currents vs. RCISET Table 2. Calculated Charge Currents vs. RCISET RCISET (kΩ) ICHGMAX (mA) IPREQUAL (mA) ITOP-OFF (mA) 3.01 1000 100 100 4.02 746 75 75 4.99 601 60 60 When the MAX8819_ is used with a microprocessor (µP), connect a pullup resistor between CHG and the system logic voltage to indicate charge status to the µP. Alternatively, CHG sinks up to 20mA for an LED charge indicator. If the charge status output feature is not required, connect CHG to ground or leave unconnected. 6.04 497 50 50 6.98 430 43 43 8.06 372 37 37 9.09 330 33 33 10 300 30 30 11 273 27 27 12.1 248 25 25 Charge Timer As shown in Figure 3, a fault timer prevents the battery from charging indefinitely. In prequalification mode, the charge time is internally fixed to 33min. tPREQUAL = 33min In fast-charge mode, the charge timer is internally fixed to 660min. tFSTCHG = 660min When the charger exits fast-charge mode, a fixed 33min top-off mode is entered: tTOP-OFF = 33min While in the constant-current fast-charge mode (Figure 2), if the MAX8819_ reduces the battery charge current due to its internal die temperature or large system loads, it slows down the charge timer. This feature eliminates 13 231 23 23 14 214 21 21 15 200 20 20 nuisance charge timer faults. When the battery charge current is between 100% and 50% of its programmed fast-charge level, the fast-charge timer runs at full speed. When the battery charge current is between 50% and 20% programmed fast-charge level, the fastcharge timer is slowed by 2x. Similarly, when the battery charge current is below 20% of the programmed fast-charge level, the fast-charge timer is paused. The fast-charge timer is not slowed or paused when the charger is in the constant voltage portion of its fastcharge mode (Figure 2) where the charge current reduces normally. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C • The battery charger is enabled by the processor driving the CEN input high. A valid input must be available at DC. The battery charger is disabled without a valid input at DC or by driving CEN low. • The system current has priority over the battery charger; the battery charger automatically reduces its charge current to maintain the input current limit while still providing the system current (ISYS). • The input current limit is tapered down from full current to zero current when the die temperature transitions from +100°C to +120°C. Since ISYS has priority over the battery charge current, the battery charge current tapers down before ISYS. The overall result is self-regulation of die temperature (see the Thermal Limiting and Overload Protection section for more information). • The battery charger stops charging in done mode as shown in Figures 2 and 3. MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN Charge Current (CISET) As shown in Table 2 and Figure 4, a resistor from CISET to ground (RCISET) sets the maximum fast-charge current (ICHGMAX), the charge current in prequalification mode (IPREQUAL), and the top-off threshold (ITOP-OFF). The MAX8819_ supports values of ICHGMAX from 200mA to 1000mA. Select the RCISET as follows: RCISET = 2000 × 1.5V ICHGMAX Determine ICHGMAX by considering the characteristics of the battery. It is not necessary to limit the charge current based on the capabilities of the expected AC-toDC adapter or USB/DC input current limit, the system load, or thermal limitations of the PCB. The IC automatically lowers the charging current as necessary to accommodate for these factors. For the selected value of RCISET, calculate ICHGMAX, IPREQUAL, and ITOP-OFF as follows: ICHGMAX = 2000 × 1.5V RCISET IPREQUAL = ITOP − OFF = 10% × ICHGMAX Step-Down Converters (REG1, REG2, REG3) REG1, REG2, and REG3 are high-efficiency, 2MHz current-mode step-down converters with adjustable outputs. REG1 is designed to deliver 400mA for the MAX8819A/ MAX8819B and 550mA for the MAX8819C. REG2 and REG3 are designed to deliver 300mA for the MAX8819A/ MAX8819B and 500mA for the MAX8819C. The PV13 step-down regulator power input must be connected to SYS. PV2 must also be connected to SYS for normal operation of REG2, but REG2 can be disabled by connecting PV2, FB2, and PG2 to GND. When REG2 is disabled, LX2 can be unconencted or connected to GND. The step-down regulators operate with VSYS from 2.6V to 5.5V. Undervoltage lockout ensures that the step-down regulators do not operate with SYS below 2.55V (max). See the Step-Down Converter Enable/Disable (EN123) and Sequencing section for how to enable and disable the step-down converters. When enabled, the MAX8819_ gradually ramps each output up during a 2.6ms soft-start time. When enabled, the MAX8819C sequentially ramps up each output. Soft-start eliminates input current surges when regulators are enabled. See the Step-Down Control Scheme section for information about the step-down converters control scheme. 20 The IC uses external resistor-dividers to set the stepdown output voltages between 1V and VSYS. Use at least 10µA of bias current in these dividers to ensure no change in the stability of the closed-loop system. To set the output voltage, select a value for the resistor connected between FB_ and GND (R FBL ). The recommended value is 100kΩ. Next, calculate the value of the resistor connected from FB_ to the output (RFBH): ⎛V ⎞ RFBH = RFBL × ⎜ OUT − 1⎟ ⎝ 1.0V ⎠ REG1, REG2, and REG3 are optimized for high, medium, and low output voltages, respectively. The highest overall efficiency occurs with V1 set to the highest output voltage and V3 set to the lowest output voltage. Step-Down Control Scheme At light load, the step-down converter switches only as needed to supply the load. This improves light-load efficiency. At higher load currents (~80mA), the step-down converter transitions to fixed 2MHz switching. Step-Down Dropout and Minimum Duty Cycle All of the step-down regulators are capable of operating in 100% duty-cycle dropout, however, REG1 has been optimized for this mode of operation. During 100% duty-cycle operation, the high-side p-channel MOSFET turns on constantly, connecting the input to the output through the inductor. The dropout voltage (VDO) is calculated as follows: VDO = ILOAD (RP + RLSR ) where: RP = p-channel power switch RDS(ON) RLSR = external inductor ESR The minimum duty cycle for all step-down regulators is 12.5% (typ), allowing a regulation voltage as low as 1V over the full SYS operating range. REG3 is optimized for low duty-cycle operation. Step-Down Input Capacitor The input capacitor in a step-down converter reduces current peaks drawn from the power source and reduces switching noise in the controller. The impedance of the input capacitor at the switching frequency must be less than that of the source impedance of the supply so that high-frequency switching currents do not pass through the input source. ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN Step-Down Inductor Choose the step-down converter inductance to be 4.7µH. The minimum recommended saturation current requirement is 700mA. In PWM mode, the peak inductor currents are equal to the load current plus one half of the inductor ripple current. See Table 3 for suggested inductors. Table 3. Suggested Inductors MANUFACTURER Sumida Taiyo Yuden TDK TOKO FDK SERIES INDUCTANCE (µH) ESR (mΩ) CURRENT RATING (mA) DIMENSIONS (mm) CDRH2D11HP 4.7 190 750 3.0 x 3.0 x 1.2 = (10.8mm)3 CDH2D09 4.7 218 700 3.0 x 3.0 x 1.0= (9.0mm)3 NR3012 4.7 130 770 3.0 x 3.0 x 1.2 = (10.8mm)3 NR3010 4.7 190 750 3.0 x 3.0 x 1.0 = (9.0mm)3 VLF3012 4.7 160 740 2.8 x 2.6 x 1.2 = (8.7mm)3 VLF3010 4.7 240 700 2.8 x 2.6 x 1.0 = (7.3mm)3 DE2812C 4.7 130 880 3.0 x 2.8 x 1.2 = (10.8mm)3 MIPF2520 4.7 110 1100 2.5 x 2.0 x 1.0 = (5mm)3 MIPF2016 4.7 160 900 2.0 x 1.6 x 1.0 = (3.2mm)3 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 21 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C Step-Down Output Capacitors The output capacitance keeps output ripple small and ensures control-loop stability. The output capacitor must have low impedance at the switching frequency. Ceramic, polymer, and tantalum capacitors are suitable with ceramic exhibiting the lowest ESR and lowest highfrequency impedance. The MAX8819A/MAX8819B require at least 10µF of output capacitance. The MAX8819C requires ar least 22µF of output capacitance. As the case sizes of ceramic surface-mount capacitors decreases, their capacitance vs. DC bias voltage characteristic becomes poor. Due to this characteristic, it is possible for 0805 capacitors to perform well while 0603 capacitors of the same value may not. The MAX8819A/ MAX8819B require a nominal output capacitance of 10µF, however, after their DC bias voltage derating, the output capacitance must be at least 7.5µF. The step-down regulator power inputs are critical discontinuous current paths that require careful bypassing. In the PCB layout, place the step-down converter input bypass capacitors as close as possible to each pair of switching converter power input pins (PV_ to PG_) to minimize parasitic inductance. If making connections to these capacitors through vias, be sure to use multiple vias to ensure that the layout does not insert excess inductance or resistance between the bypass capacitor and the power pins. The input capacitor must meet the input ripple current requirement imposed by the step-down converter. Ceramic capacitors are preferred due to their low ESR and resilience to power-up surge currents. Choose the input capacitor so that its temperature rise due to input ripple-current does not exceed approximately +10°C. For a step-down DC-DC converter, the maximum input ripple current is half of the output current. This maximum input ripple current occurs when the step-down converter operates at 50% duty factor (VIN = 2 x VOUT). Bypass each step-down converter input with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor from PV_ to PG_. Use capacitors that maintain their capacitance over temperature and DC bias. Ceramic capacitors with an X7R or X5R temperature characteristic generally perform well. The capacitor voltage rating should be 6.3V or greater. MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN SYS + SYSOK 2.5V RISING 100mV HYST. READY MAX8819A MAX8819B + DIE TEMP DT165 +165°C DC + DCOVLO 6.0V RISING 400mV HYST. DCPOK + DCUVLO 4.0V RISING 500mV HYST. SOFT-START REG1 EN EN123 2MHz OSC OK REG1OK OK REG2OK OK REG3OK OK REG4OK SOFT-START REG2 BIAS AND REF EN SOFT-START REG3 READY REGON 64 CYCLE DELAY (32µs) SOFT-START REG4 REGON EN4 EN EN Figure 5a. MAX8819A/MAX8819B Enable/Disable Logic The peak-to-peak inductor ripple current during PWM operation is calculated as follows: V (V − VOUT ) IP−P = OUT SYS VSYS × fS × L where fS is the 2MHz switching frequency. The peak inductor current during PWM operation is calculated as follows: I IL _ PEAK = ILOAD + P − P 2 22 Step-Down Converter Maximum Output Current The maximum regulated output current from a step-down converter is ultimately determined by the p-channel peak current limit (IPK). The calculation follows: IOUT_MAX = IPK – (IP-P/2) For example, if VSYS = 5.3V, VOUT = 3V, fS = 2MHz, L = 4.7µH, and IPK = 0.6A: IP-P = 3V x (5.3V - 3V)/(5.3V x 2MHz x 4.7µH) = 0.138A then IOUT_MAX = 0.6A - (0.138A/2) = 0.531A. ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C SYS + SYSOK 2.5V RISING 100mV HYST. READY MAX8819C + DIE TEMP DT165 +165°C DC + DCOVLO 6.0V RISING 400mV HYST. DCPOK + DCUVLO SOFT-START REG1 4.0V RISING 500mV HYST. EN 2MHz OSC EN123 OK REG1OK OK REG2OK OK REG3OK OK REG4OK SOFT-START REG2 BIAS AND REF EN SOFT-START REG3 READY REGON 64 CYCLE DELAY (32µs) SOFT-START REG4 REGON EN4 EN EN Figure 5b. MAX8819C Enable Logic As the load current is increased beyond this point, the output voltage sags and the converter goes out of regulation because the inductor current cannot increase above the p-channel peak current limit. Step-Down Converter Short-Circuit Protection The step-down converter implements short-circuit protection by monitoring the feedback voltage, VFB_. After softstart, if VFB_ drops below 0.23V, the converter reduces its switching frequency to fS/3. The inductor current still reaches the p-channel peak current limit, however, at one-third the frequency. Therefore, the output and input currents are reduced to approximately one-third of the maximum value in response to an output short circuit to ground. When the short is removed, the inductor current raises the voltage on the output capacitor and the stepdown converter resumes normal operation. REG1 Reset (RST1) RST1 is an active-low, open-drain output that pulls low to indicate that FB1 is below its regulation threshold. RST1 goes high 200ms after FB1 reaches its regulation threshold. RST1 is high-impedance when EN123 is high. See Figures 6 and 7. A 50µs blanking delay is provided when FB1 is falling, so that RST1 does not glitch if the REG1 output voltage is dynamically adjusted by altering the resistors in its feedback network. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 23 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN NOTES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 VDC VBAT < VSYS < VDC VSYS VBAT VBAT tSS-D-S VEN123 VOUT1 tSS1 VOUT2 tSS2 VOUT3 tSS3 HIGH IMPEDANCE VRST1 tDRST VEN4 VOUT4 VSYS - VD tSS4 VSYS - VD VCEN VCHG tSS_CHG Figure 6. MAX8819A/MAX8819B Enable/Disable Waveforms Example Step-Down Converter Active Discharge in Shutdown Each MAX8819_ step-down converter (REG1, REG2, REG3) has an internal 1kΩ resistor that discharges the output capacitor when the converter is off. The discharge resistors ensure that the load circuitry powers down completely. The internal discharge resistors are connected when a converter is disabled and when the device is in UVLO with an input voltage greater than 1.0V. With an input voltage less than 1.0V the internal discharge resistors are not activated. Step-Down Converter Enable/ Disable (EN123) and Sequencing Figure 5a shows the MAX8819A/MAX8819B enable and disable logic. Figure 5b shows the MAX8819C 24 enable/disable logic. Figure 6 shows an example of enable and disable waveforms for the MAX8819A/ MAX8819B. Figure 6 notes: 1) The device is off with no external power applied to DC. The system voltage (VSYS) is equal to the battery voltage (VBAT). 2) An external supply is applied to DC that causes the step-down converter to power up after the DC-toSYS soft-start time (tSS-D-S). When the DC input is valid and DLIM[1:2] ≠ 11, VSYS increases. 3) When V1 reaches the reset trip threshold (VTHRST), the reset deassert delay timer starts. When the reset deassert delay timer expires (tDRST1), RST1 goes high-impedance. If RST1 is connected to the RESET ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN 1 2 3 4 5 6 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C NOTES 7 VDC VBAT < VSYS < VDC VSYS VBAT VBAT tSS-D-S VEN123 VOUT3 tSS3 VOUT2 tSS2 VOUT1 tSS1 HIGH IMPEDANCE VRST1 tDRST VEN4 VOUT4 VSYS - VD tSS4 VSYS - VD VCEN VCHG tSS_CHG Figure 7. MAX8819C Enable/Disable Waveforms Example input of the system µP, the processor can begin its boot-up sequence up at this time. 4) During the µP’s boot-up sequence, it asserts EN123 to keep the step-down converters enabled, even if DC is removed. 5) After the µP has booted, it asserts EN4 to turn on the display’s backlight. 6) CEN is asserted by the µP to start a charge cycle. 7) The external supply is removed from DC and VSYS falls. The converters remain enabled because the µP has asserted EN123 and EN4, but the battery charging current drops to zero even though CEN is still asserted. CHG goes high impedance. 8) System is turned off by deasserting EN123, EN4, and CEN; RST1 goes low to reset the µP. Figure 7 notes: 1) The MAX8819C is off with no external power applied to DC. The system voltage (VSYS) is equal to the battery voltage (VBAT). 2) An external supply is applied to DC that causes the step-down regulator to power up after the DC-toSYS soft-start time (tSS-D-S). When the DC input is valid and DC is not suspended, VSYS rises. 3) EN123 is pulled high to start the OUT3, OUT2, and OUT1 power-up sequence. When OUT1 reaches the reset trip threshold (V THRST ), the reset deassert delay timer starts. When the reset deassert delay timer expires (tDRST1 200ms typ.), RST1 goes highimpedance. If RST1 is connected to the RESET input of the system µP, the processor can begin its bootup sequence at this time. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 25 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN 1MHz switching frequency allows for tiny external components. The step-up converter control scheme optimizes the efficiency while achieving low EMI and low input ripple. 4) EN4 to turn on the display’s backlight. 5) CEN is asserted by the µP to start a charge cycle. 6) The external supply is removed from DC and VSYS falls. The regulators remain enabled because EN123 and EN4 are asserted, but the battery charging current drops to zero even though CEN is still asserted. CHG goes high-impedance. 7) System is turned off by deasserting EN123, EN4, and CEN. OUT1, OUT2, and OUT3 power down in the opposite order of power-up. RST1 goes low to reset the µP. If the step-up converter (REG4) is not needed, disable REG4 by grounding EN4, LX4, PG4, and OVP4. COMP4 can be unconnected. REG4 WLED Driver Configuration Figure 1 shows that REG4 is configured as a white light emitting diodes (WLED) driver, typically used to drive up to six devices with an output voltage up to 24V. The full-scale current is set by resistor R1, according to the following relationship: V IFS = FB4 , where VFB4 = 0.5V no min ally R1 IFS < 0.5V / 16Ω = 30.9mA Step-Up Converter (REG4) The step-up converter (REG4) operates by regulating the voltage at FB4 to 0.5V. REG4 operates from the system voltage (VSYS); this voltage can vary from 2.6V to 4.35V (MAX8819A/MAX8819C) or 5.3V (MAX8819B). The 0 STEP EN4 1 2 3 4 5 28 29 30 31 32 33 tHI_INIT > 100µs tSHDN 2ms (typ) tHI tSOFT-START tLO FULL 31/32 500ns TO 500µs 30/32 29/32 28/32 FULL > 500ns 31/32 27/32 ILED 6/32 5/32 4/32 3/32 SHUTDOWN 2/32 1/32 SHUTDOWN Figure 8. Dimming Control Timing Diagram Table 4. REG4 Recommended Inductors MANUFACTURER TOKO FDK SERIES INDUCTANCE (µH) ESR (mΩ) CURRENT RATING (mA) DIMENSIONS (mm) DE2812C 10 290 580 3.0 x 2.8 x 1.2 = (10.8mm)3 DB3018C 10 240 630 3.2 x 3.2 x 1.8 = (18.4mm)3 MIP3226 10 160 900 3.2 x 2.6 x 1 = (8.32mm)3 Table 5. REG4 Recommended Diodes MANUFACTURER Central Semiconductor NXP ON Semiconductor 26 PART NUMBER CONTINUOUS CURRENT (mA) FORWARD VOLTAGE (mV) BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE (V) PACKAGE CMDSH05-4 500 470 40 SOD-323 CMHSH5-4 500 510 40 SOD-123 PMEG3005EB 500 500 30 SOD-523 MBR0530L 500 430 30 SOD-123 ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN Step-Up Converter Inductor Selection The WLED boost converter switches at 1MHz, allowing the use of a small inductor. A 10µH inductance value is recommended for most applications. Smaller inductances require less PCB space. Use inductors with a ferrite core or equivalent. Powdered iron cores are not recommended for use at high-switching frequencies. The inductor’s saturation current rating should preferably exceed the REG4 n-channel current limit of 700mA. Choose an inductor with a DC resistance less than 300mΩ to maintain high efficiency. Table 4 lists recommended inductors. Step-Up Converter Diode Selection The REG4 diode must be fast enough to support the switching frequency (1MHz). Schottky diodes, such as Central Semiconductor’s CMHSH5-4 or ON Semiconductor’s MBR0530L, are recommended. Make sure that the diode’s peak-current rating matches or exceeds the 700mA REG4 n-channel current limit. The diode’s average current rating should match or exceed the output current. The diode’s reverse breakdown voltage must exceed the voltage from the converter’s output to ground. Schottky diodes are preferred due to their low forward voltage, however, ultra high-speed silicon rectifiers are also acceptable. Step-Up Converter Output Capacitor Selection For most applications, a 0.1µF ceramic output filter capacitor is suitable. Choose a voltage rating double the maximum output voltage to minimize the effect of the voltage coefficient on decreasing the effective capacitance. To ensure stability over a wide temperature range, ceramic capacitors with an X5R or X7R dielectric are recommended. Place these capacitors as close as possible to the IC. Soft-Start/Inrush Current The MAX8819_ implements soft-start on many levels to control inrush current to avoid collapsing supply voltages, and to fully comply with the USB 2.0 specifications. All DC and charging functions implement soft-start. The DC node only requires 4.7µF of input capacitance. Furthermore, all regulators implement soft-start to avoid transient overload of power inputs. Undervoltage and Overvoltage Conditions DC UVLO DC undervoltage lockout (UVLO) prevents an input supply from being used when its voltage is below the operating range. When the voltage from DC to GND (VDC) is less than the DC UVLO threshold (4.0V, typ), the DC input is disconnected from SYS, the battery charger is disabled and CHG is high impedance. BAT is connected to SYS through the internal system load switch in DC UVLO mode, allowing the battery to power the SYS node. REG1–REG4 and the LED current sinks are allowed to operate from the battery in DC UVLO mode. DC OVLO DC overvoltage lockout (OVLO) is a fail-safe mechanism and prevents an input supply from being used when its voltage exceeds the operating range. The absolute maximum ratings state that DC withstands voltages up to 6V. Systems must be designed so that DC never exceeds 6V (transient and steady-state). If the voltage from DC to GND (VDC) should exceed the DC OVLO threshold (5.9V typ) during a fault, the DC input is disconnected from SYS, the battery charger is disabled, and CHG is high impedance. BAT is connected to SYS through the internal system load switch in DC OVLO mode, allowing the battery to power SYS through the internal system load switch in DC OVLO mode. REG1–REG4 are allowed to operate from the battery in DC OVLO mode. Normal operation resumes when VDC falls within its normal operating range. SYS UVLO SYS undervoltage lockout (UVLO) prevents the regulators from being used when the input voltage is below the operating range. When the voltage from SYS to GND (VSYS) is less than the SYS UVLO threshold (2.5V, typ), REG1–REG4, the LED current sinks, and the battery charger are disabled. Additionally, CHG, is high impedance and RST1 is asserted. Thermal Limiting and Overload Protection Smart Power Selector Thermal-Overload Protection The IC reduces the DC current limit by 5%/°C when the die temperature exceeds +100°C. The system load (ISYS) has priority over the charger current, so input ______________________________________________________________________________________ 27 MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C EN4 enables REG4, disables REG4, and adjusts the voltage on FB4 in 32 linear steps. If current adjustment is not required, EN4 acts as a simple enable/disable controller. Driving EN4 high for at least 100µs powers up REG4 and sets VFB4 to 0.5V. Pulling EN4 low for at least 2ms disables REG4. To adjust VFB4, apply pulses as shown in Figure 8. Dim the WLEDs by pulsing EN4 low (500ns to 500µs pulse width). Each pulse reduces the LED current by 1/32. Note: When REG4 is disabled, OUT4 is equal to VSYS minus the drop from the catch diode. In the event that the load (typically WLEDs) opens, VOUT4 rises quickly until it reaches the overvoltage protection threshold (typically 25V). When this occurs, REG4 stops switching and latches off until EN4 is reset low for at least 2ms. MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN OUT_ GATE DRIVE TO SWITCH RT 5V/div 0V 3.3V FB_ 3.35V 500mV/div 3V V1 3V RB RD 4.2V 2V/div RST1 100µs/div Figure 9. Dynamic Output Voltage Control Figure 10. Dynamic Voltage Adjustment with Example Values current is first reduced by lowering charge current. If the junction temperature still reaches +120°C in spite of charge current reduction, no input current is drawn from DC; the battery supplies the entire load and SYS is regulated 70mV below BAT. RD is calculated using the higher set voltage and the following equations assuming the switch resistance is negligible: Regulator Thermal-Overload Shutdown The IC disables all regulator outputs and the battery charger when the junction temperature rises above +165°C, allowing the device to cool. When the junction temperature cools by approximately 15°C the regulators and charger resume the state indicated by the enable input (EN123, EN4, and CEN) by repeating their soft-start sequence. Please note that this thermal-overload shutdown is a fail-safe mechanism; proper thermal design should ensure that the junction temperature of the MAX8819_ never exceeds the absolute maximum rating of +150°C. Applications Information Dynamic Output Voltage Adjustment for Step-Down Converters Dynamic output voltage adjustment can be implemented for the step-down converter by adding a resistor and a switch from FB_ to GND. See Figure 9. To calculate the resistor-divider, start with the lower voltage desired and calculate the resistor-divider using RT and RB only. Setting RB = 100kΩ is acceptable. Use the following equation to calculate RT: ⎛V ⎞ RT = RB × ⎜ OUTL − 1⎟ ⎝ VFB ⎠ where VOUTL is the desired lower output voltage and VFB is the feedback regulation voltage, 1V (typ). 28 RT VOUTH −1 VFB 1 RD = 1 1 − RPAR RB RPAR = where RPAR is the parallel resistance of RB and RD, VOUTH is the higher set voltage, and VFB is the feedback regulation voltage, 1V (typ). For example, if V OUTL = 3V, V OUTH = 3.3V, R B = 100kΩ, then: RT = 100kΩ x ((3V/1V) - 1) = 200kΩ RPAR = 200kΩ/((3.3V/1V) - 1) = 86.96kΩ RD = 1/((1/86.96kΩ) - (1/100kΩ)) = 666.7kΩ Choose RD = 665kΩ as the closest standard 1% value. CH1 = gate drive to switch CH2 = V1, 1V offset; 3V to 3.3V to 3V, 10Ω load CH3 = RST1 The scope plot (Figure 10) shows V1 switching from 3V to 3.3V to 3V with the resistor values of the example. When the switch is turned on, V1 slews from 3V to 3.3V in about 20µs, which is less than the 50µs RST1 deglitch filter, and therefore, RST1 does not trip. When the switch is turned off, V1 soars to about 3.35V due to the energy in the inductor. Since V1 is above the regulation voltage, REG1 skips until V1 decays to the regulation voltage. The decay rate is determined by the output capacitance and the load. In this example, the output capacitance is 10µF and the load is 10Ω, so the time ______________________________________________________________________________________ PMIC with Integrated Chargers and Smart Power Selector in a 4mm x 4mm TQFN PCB Layout and Routing + aaaa Figure 11. Package Marking Example PG3 LX3 PV13 LX1 PG1 CHG TOP VIEW DLIM1 Pin Configuration 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 FB2 22 14 CISET FB3 23 13 FB1 12 CEN 11 DC 10 SYS 9 BAT 8 RST1 EN123 24 MAX8819A MAX8819B MAX8819C PV2 25 LX2 26 PG2 27 2 3 4 5 6 7 EN4 1 GND EXPOSED PAD (EP) LX4 + PG4 DLIM2 28 FB4 The top of the MAX8819_ package is laser etched as shown in Figure 11: “8819_ETI” is the product identification code. The full part number is MAX8819_ETI; however, in this case, the “MAX” prefix is omitted due to space limitations. The “_” corresponds to the “A” or “B” version. “yww” is a date code. “y” is the last number in the Gregorian calendar year. “ww” is the week number in the Gregorian calendar. For example: • “801” is the first week of 2008; the week of January 1st, 2008. • “052” is the fifty-second week of 2010; the week of December 27th, 2010. • “aaaa” is an assembly code and lot code. • “+” denotes lead-free packaging and marks the pin 1 location. TIyww OVP4 Package Marking 8819_ETI COMP4 Good printed circuit board (PCB) layout is necessary to achieve optimal performance. Refer to the MAX8819A Evaluation Kit for Maxim’s recommended layout. Use the following guidelines for the best results: • The LX_ rapidly switches between PV_ and PG_. Minimize stray capacitance on LX_ to maintain high efficiency. • Keep the FB_ node away from noise sources such as the inductor. • The exposed pad (EP) is the main path for heat to exit the IC. Connect EP to the ground plane with thermal vias to allow heat to dissipate from the device. • Use short and wide traces for high-current and discontinuous current paths. • The step-down converter power inputs are critical discontinuous current paths that require careful bypassing. Place the step-down converter input bypass capacitor as close as possible to the PV_ and PG_ pins. • Minimize the area of the loops formed by the stepdown converters’ dynamic switching currents. Chip Information PROCESS: S45T Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 28 TQFN-EP T2844+1 21-0139 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 29 © 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MAX8819A/MAX8819B/MAX8819C constant is R x C = 100µs, and the output voltage decays to within 1% of final value in about 500µs.