19-2425; Rev 0; 4/02 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver Features ♦ ±80V Fault Protection ♦ Three Operating Modes High-Speed Operation up to 2Mbps Slope Control Mode to Reduce EMI (40kbps to 500kbps) ♦ 15µA Low-Current Shutdown Mode ♦ Autoshutdown when Device Is Inactive ♦ Automatic Wakeup from Shutdown ♦ Thermal Shutdown ♦ Current Limiting ♦ Fully Compatible with the ISO 11898 Standard Ordering Information The MAX3053 is available in an 8-pin SO package and is specified for -40°C to +125°C operation. PART Applications Industrial Control and Networks TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX3053ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX3053ASA -40°C to +125°C 8 SO Printers Automotive Systems Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet. HVAC Controls Telecom 72V Systems Typical Operating Circuit VCC 120Ω 100nF VCC CANH TXD TXD CAN CONTROLLER MAX3053 CANL RXD RXD 100nF SHDN RS GND 120Ω GND 25kΩ TO 180kΩ ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing delivery, and ordering information please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX3053 General Description The MAX3053 interfaces between the control area network (CAN) protocol controller and the physical wires of the bus lines in a CAN. It is primarily intended for industrial systems requiring data rates up to 2Mbps and features ±80V fault protection against shorts to high-voltage power buses. The device provides differential transmit capability to the bus and differential receive capability to the CAN controller. The MAX3053 has three different modes of operation: high-speed, slope control, and shutdown. High-speed mode allows data rates up to 2Mbps. In slope control mode, data rates are between 40kbps and 500kbps so the effects of EMI are reduced and unshielded twisted or parallel cable may be used. In shutdown mode, the transmitter is switched off, and the receiver is switched to a low-current mode. An autoshutdown function puts the device in 15µA shutdown mode when the bus or CAN controller is inactive for 47ms or greater. MAX3053 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND ............................................................ -0.3V to +6V TXD, RS, RXD, SHDN to GND ....................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) RXD Shorted to GND................................................. Continuous CANH, CANL to GND...........................-80V to +80V Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation 8-Pin SO (derate 5.9mW/°C above +70°C) .................470mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX3053ASA ...............................................-40°C to +125°C MAX3053ESA .................................................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +5V ±10%, RL = 60Ω, RS = GND, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN Dominant (Note 1) Supply Current IS TYP MAX 56 72 Dominant (no load) 6 Recessive (Note 1) 3.6 Recessive (no load) Shutdown Supply Current IQSHDN 5.5 UNITS mA 5.5 SHDN = GND 15 30 µA Thermal Shutdown Threshold 160 °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 20 °C TXD INPUT LEVELS High-Level Input Voltage VIH Low-Level Input Voltage VIL High-Level Input Current IIH Pullup Resistor 2.0 V 0.4 VTXD = VCC RINTXD V 1 µA 20 kΩ CANH, CANL TRANSMITTER Recessive Bus Voltage Off-State Output Leakage VCANH, VCANL ILO VTXD = VCC, no load 2 3 -2V < VCANH, VCANL < +7V, SHDN = GND, VTXD = VCC -2 +1 -80V < VCANH, VCANL < +80V, SHDN = GND, VTXD = VCC -4 +4 V mA CANH Output Voltage VCANH VTXD = 0 3.0 VCC V CANL Output Voltage VCANL VTXD = 0 0 2.0 V VTXD = 0 1.5 5 VTXD = 0, RL = 45Ω 1.5 VTXD = VCC; no load -500 -200 Differential Output (VCANH - VCANL) ∆VCANH, VCANL CANH Short-Circuit Current ISC VCANH = -5V CANL Short-Circuit Current ISC VCANL = 18V Human Body Model ESD CANH, CANL (Note 2) 2 V +50 mV 200 mA mA ±2 IEC1000-4-2 Air-Gap Discharge ±3 IEC1000-4-2 Contact Discharge ± 2.5 _______________________________________________________________________________________ kV ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver (VCC = +5V ±10%, RL = 60Ω, RS = GND, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS DC BUS RECEIVER (VTXD = VCC; CANH and CANL externally driven (-2V < VCANH, VCANL < +7V, unless otherwise specified) Differential Input Voltage (Recessive) VDIFF -7V < VCANH, VCANL < +12V -1.0 +0.5 V Differential Input Voltage (Dominant) VDIFF -7V < VCANH, VCANL < +12V 0.9 3.3 V Differential Input Hysteresis CANH Input Wakeup Voltage Threshold VDIFF(HYST) VCANH(SHDN) SHDN = GND, VTXD = VCC RXD High-Level Output Voltage VOH RXD Low-Level Output Voltage VOL CANH and CANL Input Resistance Differential Input Resistance 150 I = -100µA 6 mV 9 0.8 x VCC V V I = 10mA 0.8 I = 5mA 0.4 V RI 5 25 kΩ RDIFF 10 100 kΩ 0.3 x VCC V 0.4 x VCC 0.6 x VCC V -10 -200 µA -500 µA SLOPE CONTROL Input Voltage for High Speed VSLP Slope Control Mode Voltage VSLOPE RRS = 24kΩ to 180kΩ Slope Control Mode Current ISLOPE RRS = 24kΩ to 180kΩ, VCC = +5.0V High-Speed Mode Current IHS VRS = 0 AUTOSHUTDOWN SHDN Input Voltage High SHDN Input Voltage Low 2 V 0.5 V _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX3053 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX3053 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +5V ±10%, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25°C.) (Figures 1, 2, and 3) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS VRS = 0 (2Mbps) Minimum Bit Time tBIT MIN TYP MAX UNITS 0.5 RRS = 24kΩ (500kbps) 2 RRS = 100kΩ (125kbps) 8 RRS = 180kΩ (62.5kbps) 25 µs Delay TXD to Bus Active tONTXD VRS = 0 40 ns Delay TXD to Bus Inactive tOFFTXD VRS = 0 75 ns VRS = 0 (2Mbps) 120 ns Delay TXD to Receiver Active Delay TXD to Receiver Inactive tONRXD tOFFRXD RRS = 24kΩ (500kbps) 0.4 RRS = 100kΩ (125kbps) 1.6 RRS = 180kΩ (62.5kbps) 5.0 VRS = 0 (2Mbps) 130 RRS = 24kΩ (500kbps) 0.45 RRS = 100kΩ (125kbps) 1.6 RRS = 180kΩ (62.5kbps) 5.0 RRS = 24kΩ (500kbps) Differential Output Slew Rate |SR| 7 RRS = 180kΩ (62.5kbps) 1.6 tWAKE SHDN = GND, VTXD = VCC Time to Sleep Mode when Bus Is Recessive tSHDN CSHDN = 100nF ns µs 14 RRS = 100kΩ (125kbps) Time to Wakeup: CANH > 9V µs 10 V/µs 10 µs 47 ms Note 1: As defined by ISOSHDN, bus value is one of two complementary logical values: dominant or recessive. The dominant value represents the logical 1 and the recessive represents the logical 0. During the simultaneous transmission of the dominant and recessive bits, the resulting bus value is dominant. For MAX3053 values, see the truth table in the Transmitter and Receiver sections. Note 2: The ESD structures do not short out CANH and CANL under an ESD event while -7V < CANH, CANL < +12V. 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver 70 TA = -40°C 10 TA = +25°C 50 40 30 20 26 TA = +125°C TA = +25°C 24 22 10 0 0 20 65 110 155 200 0 50 RRS (kΩ) CSHDN (nF) RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE (RECESSIVE TO DOMINANT) DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE, RRS = GND 25 20 1000 1500 2000 1600 1200 RECESSIVE VOLTAGE RXD (mV) 30 30 500 RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW vs. OUTPUT CURRENT MAX3053 toc05 35 0 DATA RATE (kbps) 35 DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) MAX3053 toc04 40 20 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 MAX3053 toc06 TA = +125°C 25 DOMINANT 20 TA = +25°C TA = +125°C 800 400 TA = -40°C 15 15 -50 -15 20 55 90 125 0 -40 -7 26 59 92 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH vs. OUTPUT CURRENT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (CANH - CANL) vs. DIFFERENTIAL LOAD RL DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V) 2.4 TA = +25°C 1.8 TA = +125°C 1.2 0.6 4 5 10 15 20 25 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 5 MAX3053 toc07 3.0 0 TA = -40°C RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (DOMINANT TO RECESSIVE) MAX3053 toc09 MAX3053 toc08 RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) SLEEP TIME (ms) 15 TA = -40°C 28 60 5 VOLTAGE RXD (V) 30 MAX3053 toc02 20 SLEW RATE (V/µs) 80 MAX3053 toc01 25 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DATA RATE 50% DUTY CYCLE AUTOSHUTDOWN vs. CSHDN MAX3053 toc03 SLEW RATE vs. RRS MAX3053 Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = +5V, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 3 TA = +125°C 2 TA = +25°C 2V/div 1 TA = -40°C 0 0 0 5 10 15 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 20 25 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 40ns/div DIFFERENTIAL LOAD RL (Ω) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX3053 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, RL = 60Ω, CL = 100pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3053 toc10 MAX3053 toc11 TXD TXD 5V/div RRS = 24kΩ 2V/div RRS = 100kΩ RRS = GND RRS = 180kΩ CANH - CANL 1V/div CANH - CANL 40ns/div 400ns/div Pin Description PIN FUNCTION 1 TXD Transmit Data Input. TXD is a CMOS/TTL-compatible input from a CAN controller. 2 GND Ground 3 VCC Supply Voltage. Bypass VCC to GND with a 0.1µF capacitor. 4 RXD Receive Data Output. RXD is a CMOS/TTL-compatible output from the physical bus lines CANH and CANL. SHDN Shutdown Input. Drive SHDN low to put the MAX3053 in shutdown mode. See the Detailed Description section for a full explanation of SHDN behavior. 6 CANL CAN Bus Line LOW. CANL is fault protected to ±80V. 7 CANH CAN Bus Line HIGH. CANH is fault protected to ±80V. 8 RS 5 6 NAME Mode Select Pin. Drive RS low or connect to GND for high-speed operation. Connect a resistor from RS to GND to control output slope. See the Mode Selection section. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver VCC 0.1µF 120Ω VCC CANH TXD TXD CAN CONTROLLER RXD MAX3053 CANL RXD 30pF 100nF SHDN RS GND 120Ω 24kΩ TO 180kΩ Figure 1. AC Test Circuit TXD CANH 9V CANL CANH DOMINANT 0.9V 0.5V CANH–CANL RECESSIVE VSHDN = 2V VSHDN tWAKE RXD VCC/2 VCC/2 tONTXD tOFFTXD tONRXD tOFFRXD Figure 2. Timing Diagram for Dynamic Characteristics Figure 3. Time to Wakeup (twake) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX3053 Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams MAX3053 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver CANH and CANL are output short circuit current limited and are protected against excessive power dissipation by thermal-shutdown circuitry that places the driver outputs into a high-impedance state. Detailed Description The MAX3053 interfaces between the protocol controller and the physical wires of a CAN bus. It is primarily intended for industrial applications requiring data rates up to 2Mbps and features ±80V fault protection against shorts in high-voltage systems. This fault protection allows the device to withstand up to ±80V with respect to ground with no damage to the device. The built-in fault tolerance allows the device to survive in industrial and automotive environments with no external protection devices. The device provides differential transmit capability to the bus and differential receive capability to the CAN controller (Figure 4). Fault Protection The MAX3053 features ±80V fault protection. This extended voltage range of CANH and CANL bus lines allows its use in high-voltage systems and communicating to high-voltage buses. If data is transmitting at 2Mbps, the fault protection is reduced to ±70V. Transmitter The transmitter converts a single-ended input (TXD) from the CAN controller to differential outputs for the bus lines (CANH, CANL). Table 1 is the truth table for the transmitter and receiver. The device has three modes of operations: high-speed, slope control, and shutdown. In high-speed mode, slew rates are not limited, making 2Mbps transmission speeds possible. Slew rates are controlled in slope control mode, minimizing EMI and allowing use of unshielded twisted or parallel cable. The device goes into low-power operation in shutdown mode. The transceiver is designed to operate from a single +5V supply, and draws 56mA of supply current in dominant state and 3.6mA in recessive state. In shutdown mode, supply current is reduced to 15µA. High Speed Connect RS to ground to set the MAX3053 to highspeed mode. When operating in high-speed mode, the MAX3053 can achieve transmission rates up to 2Mbps. Line drivers are switched on and off as quickly as possible. However, in this mode, no measures are taken to limit the rise and fall slope of the data signal, allowing for potential EMI emissions. If using the MAX3053 in high-speed mode, use shielded twisted-pair cable to avoid EMI problems. VCC THERMAL SHUTDOWN MAX3053 CANH TRANSMITTER CONTROL TXD RS CANL MODE SELECTION GND RXD RECEIVER 0.75V WAKE AUTOSHUTDOWN SHDN 7.5V Figure 4. Block Diagram 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver TXD SHDN CANH CANL BUS STATE RXD 0 V SHDN > 1.5V HIGH LOW Dominant** 0 1 or float V SHDN > 1.5V 5Ω to 25kΩ to Vcc/2 5Ω to 25kΩ to Vcc/2 Recessive** 1 X* V SHDN < 0.5V Floating Floating Floating 1 *X = Don’t care. **As defined by ISO, bus value is one of two complementary logical values: dominant or recessive. The dominant value represents the logical 0 and the recessive represents the logical 1. During the simultaneous transmission of the dominant and recessive bits, the resulting bus value is dominant. Slope Control Connect a resistor from RS to ground to select slope control mode (see Table 2). In slope control mode, the gates of the line drivers are charged with a controlled current, proportional to the resistor connected to the RS pin. Transmission speed ranges from 40kbps to 500kbps. Controlling the rise and fall slope reduces EMI and allows the use of an unshielded twisted pair or a parallel pair of wires as bus lines. The transfer function for selecting the resistor value is given by: RRS (kΩ) = 12000 / speed (in kbps). See the Typical Operating Characteristics for the Slew Rate vs. RRS graph. Shutdown To place the MAX3053 in shutdown, the SHDN pin should be driven to GND. In shutdown mode, the device is switched off. The outputs are high impedance to ±80V. Receiver The receiver takes differential input from the bus lines (CANH, CANL) and converts this data to a singleended output (RXD) to the CAN controller. It consists of a comparator that senses the difference ∆V = (CANH CANL) with respect to an internal threshold of 0.7V. If this difference is positive (i.e., ∆V > 0.9V), a logic low is present at the RXD pin. If negative (i.e., ∆V < 0.5V), a logic high is present. The receiver always echoes the transmitted data. The CANH and CANL common-mode range is from -7V to +12V. RXD is logic high when CANH and CANL are shorted or terminated and undriven. Thermal Shutdown If the junction temperature exceeds +160°C, the device is switched off. The hysteresis is about 20°C, disabling thermal shutdown once the temperature declines to +140°C and the device is turned back on. Table 2. Mode Selection Truth Table CONDITION FORCED AT PIN RS MODE RESULTING CURRENT AT RS VRS < 0.3VCC High speed |IRs| < 500µA 0.4VCC < VRS < 0.6VCC Slope control 10µA < |IRs| < 200µA Autoshutdown To manage power consumption, autoshutdown puts the device into shutdown mode after the device has been inactive for a period of time. The value of an external capacitor (CSHDN) connected to SHDN determines the threshold of inactivity time, after which the autoshutdown triggers (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Use a 100nF capacitor as CSHDN for a typical threshold of 20ms. Change the capacitor value according to the following equation to change the threshold time period: I (µA) × time (ms) C SHDN (nf ) = SHDN (VCC ˚− ˚VSHDN (V)) Drive SHDN high to force the MAX3053 on and disable autoshutdown. When the MAX3053 is in shutdown mode, only the wakeup comparator is active, and normal bus communication is ignored. The remote master of the CAN system wakes up the MAX3053 with a signal greater than 9V on CANH. The local CAN controller wakes up the MAX3053 by driving SHDN high or TXD. Driver Output Protection The MAX3053 has several features to protect itself from damage. Thermal shutdown switches off the device and puts CANH and CANL into high impedance if the junction temperature exceeds +160°C. Thermal protection is needed particularly when a bus line is short circuited. The hysteresis for the thermal shutdown is about 20°C. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX3053 Table 1. Transmitter and Receiver Truth Table MAX3053 ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver Additionally, a current-limiting circuit protects the transmitter output stage against a short circuit to positive and negative battery voltage. Although the power dissipation increases during this fault condition, this feature prevents destruction of the transmitter output stage. Applications Information Reduced EMI and Reflections In slope control mode, the CANH, CANL outputs are slew-rate limited, minimizing EMI and reducing reflections caused by improperly terminated cables. In general, a transmitter’s rise time relates directly to the length of an unterminated stub, which can be driven with only minor waveform reflections. The following equation expresses this relationship conservatively: Length = tRISE / (10 x 1.5ns/ft) where tRISE is the transmitter’s rise time. See Figures 5, 6, and 7 for typical waveforms at various data rates. The MAX3053 requires no special layout considerations beyond common practices. Bypass VCC to GND with a 1µF ceramic capacitor mounted close to the IC with short lead lengths and wide trace widths. CANH–CANL 5V/div CANH–CANL 5V/div FFT 200mV/div FFT 200mV/div 4.00µs 400ns 31.5kHz RRS = 180kΩ 250kHz RRS = 24kΩ Figure 5. Output Bus in Slope Control Mode at 62.5kbps Figure 6. Output Bus in Slope Control Mode at 500kbps Pin Configuration TOP VIEW CANH–CANL 5V/div RS TXD 1 8 GND 2 7 CANH VCC 3 6 CANL RXD 4 5 SHDN MAX3053 SO FFT 200mV/div 100ns 1MHz RRS = 0Ω Figure 7. Output Bus High-Speed Mode at 2Mbps 10 Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1214 PROCESS: BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ ±80V Fault-Protected, 2Mbps, Low Supply Current CAN Transceiver 9LUCSP, 3x3.EPS Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 © 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products. MAX3053 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)