Order this document by MC145053/D SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA P SUFFIX PLASTIC CASE 646 CMOS This ratiometric 10-bit ADC has a serial interface port to provide communication with MCUs and MPUs. Either a 10- or 16-bit format can be used. The 16-bit format can be one continuous 16-bit stream or two intermittent 8-bit streams. The converter operates from a single power supply with no external trimming required. Reference voltages down to 4.0 V are accommodated. The MC145053 has an internal clock oscillator to operate the dynamic A/D conversion sequence and an end-of-conversion (EOC) output. • • • • • • • • • • • ORDERING INFORMATION 5 Analog Input Channels with Internal Sample-and-Hold Operating Temperature Range: – 40 to 125° C Successive Approximation Conversion Time: 44 µs Maximum Maximum Sample Rate: 20.4 ks/s Analog Input Range with 5-Volt Supply: 0 to 5 V Monotonic with No Missing Codes Direct Interface to Motorola SPI and National MICROWIRE Serial Data Ports Digital Inputs/Outputs are TTL, NMOS, and CMOS Compatible Low Power Consumption: 14 mW Chip Complexity: 1630 Elements (FETs, Capacitors, etc.) See Application Note AN1062 for Operation with QSPI MC145053P MC145053D MUX OUT INTERNAL TEST VOLTAGES AN0 2 AN1 3 ANALOG 4 AN2 MUX 5 AN3 AN4 6 AN5 AN6 AN7 12 Din 11 Dout CS SCLK EOC EOC 1 14 VDD AN0 2 13 SCLK AN1 3 12 Din AN2 4 11 Dout AN3 5 10 CS AN4 6 9 Vref VSS 7 8 VAG VAG 9 8 10-BIT RC DAC WITH SAMPLE AND HOLD SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION REGISTER MUX ADDRESS REGISTER PIN 14 = VDD PIN 7 = VSS DATA REGISTER AUTO-ZEROED COMPARATOR 10 13 Plastic DIP SOG Package PIN ASSIGNMENT BLOCK DIAGRAM Vref D SUFFIX SOG CASE 751A DIGITAL CONTROL LOGIC 1 MICROWIRE is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp. REV 2 1/99 WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR MOTOROLA Motorola, Inc. 1998 SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 1 MAXIMUM RATINGS* Symbol Parameter Value Unit VDD DC Supply Voltage (Referenced to VSS) – 0.5 to + 6.0 V Vref DC Reference Voltage VAG to VDD + 0.1 V VAG Analog Ground VSS – 0.1 to Vref V Vin DC Input Voltage, Any Analog or Digital Input VSS – 0.5 to VDD + 0.5 V Vout DC Output Voltage VSS – 0.5 to VDD + 0.5 V DC Input Current, per Pin ± 20 mA DC Output Current, per Pin ± 25 mA DC Supply Current, VDD and VSS Pins ± 50 mA – 65 to 150 °C 260 °C Iin Iout IDD, ISS Tstg TL Storage Temperature Lead Temperature, 1 mm from Case for 10 Seconds This device contains protection circuitry to guard against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields. However, precautions must be taken to avoid applications of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. For proper operation, Vin and Vout should be constrained to the range VSS ≤ (Vin or Vout) ≤ VDD. Unused inputs must always be tied to an appropriate logic voltage level (e.g., either VSS or VDD). Unused outputs must be left open. * Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation should be restricted to the Operation Ranges below.. OPERATION RANGES (Applicable to Guaranteed Limits) Parameter Symbol Value Unit VDD DC Supply Voltage, Referenced to VSS 4.5 to 5.5 V Vref DC Reference Voltage VAG + 4.0 to VDD + 0.1 V VAG Analog Ground VSS – 0.1 to Vref – 4.0 V VAI Analog Input Voltage (See Note) VAG to Vref V Digital Input Voltage, Output Voltage VSS to VDD V Ambient Operating Temperature – 40 to 125 °C Vin, Vout TA NOTE: Analog input voltages greater than Vref convert to full scale. Input voltages less than VAG convert to zero. See Vref and VAG pin descriptions. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voltages Referenced to VSS, Full Temperature and Voltage Ranges per Operation Ranges Table, unless otherwise indicated) Parameter Symbol Guaranteed Limit Unit VIH Minimum High-Level Input Voltage (Din, SCLK, CS) 2.0 V VIL Maximum Low-Level Input Voltage (Din, SCLK, CS) 0.8 V VOH Minimum High-Level Output Voltage (Dout, EOC) Iout = – 1.6 mA Iout = – 20 µA 2.4 VDD – 0.1 V VOL Minimum Low-Level Output Voltage (Dout, EOC) Iout = + 1.6 mA Iout = + 20 µA 0.4 0.1 V Maximum Input Leakage Current (Din, SCLK, CS) Vin = VSS or VDD ± 2.5 µA Iin IOZ Maximum Three-State Leakage Current (Dout) Vout = VSS or VDD ± 10 µA IDD Maximum Power Supply Current Vin = VSS or VDD, All Outputs Open 2.5 mA Iref Maximum Static Analog Reference Current (Vref) Vref = VDD, VAG = VSS 100 µA IAl Maximum Analog Mux Input Leakage Current between all deselected inputs and any selected input (AN0 – AN4) VAl = VSS to VDD ±1 µA MC145053 2 Test Condition MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA A/D CONVERTER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Full Temperature and Voltage Ranges per Operation Ranges Table) Definition and Test Conditions Characteristic Guaranteed Limit Unit Resolution Number of bits resolved by the A/D converter 10 Bits Maximum Nonlinearity Maximum difference between an ideal and an actual ADC transfer function ±1 LSB Maximum Zero Error Difference between the maximum input voltage of an ideal and an actual ADC for zero output code ±1 LSB Maximum Full-Scale Error Difference between the minimum input voltage of an ideal and an actual ADC for full-scale output code ±1 LSB Maximum Total Unadjusted Error Maximum sum of nonlinearity, zero error, and full-scale error ±1 LSB Maximum Quantization Error Uncertainty due to converter resolution ± 1/2 LSB Absolute Accuracy Difference between the actual input voltage and the full-scale weighted equivalent of the binary output code, all error sources included ± 1-1/2 LSB Maximum Conversion Time Total time to perform a single analog-to-digital conversion 44 µs Data Transfer Time Total time to transfer digital serial data into and out of the device 10 to 16 SCLK cycles Sample Acquisition Time Analog input acquisition time window 6 SCLK cycles Minimum Total Cycle Time Total time to transfer serial data, sample the analog input, and perform the conversion; SCLK = 2.1 MHz 49 µs Maximum Sample Rate Rate at which analog inputs may be sampled; SCLK = 2.1 MHz 20.4 ks/s MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 3 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Full Temperature and Voltage Ranges per Operation Ranges Table) Figure Symbol 1 f Guaranteed Limit Parameter Clock Frequency, SCLK Note: Refer to twH, twL below (10-bit xfer) Min (11- to 16-bit xfer) Min (10- to 16-bit xfer) Max) Unit 0 Note 1 2.1 MHz 1 twH Minimum Clock High Time, SCLK 190 ns 1 twL Minimum Clock Low Time, SCLK 190 ns 1, 7 tPLH, tPHL Maximum Propagation Delay, SCLK to Dout 125 ns 1, 7 th Minimum Hold Time, SCLK to Dout 10 ns 2, 7 tPLZ, tPHZ Maximum Propagation Delay, CS to Dout High-Z 150 ns 2, 7 tPZL, tPZH Maximum Propagation Delay, CS to Dout Driven 2.3 µs 3 tsu Minimum Setup Time, Din to SCLK 100 ns 3 th Minimum Hold Time, SCLK to Din 0 ns 4, 7, 8 td Maximum Delay Time, EOC to Dout (MSB) 100 ns 5 tsu Minimum Setup Time, CS to SCLK 2.425 µs — tCSd Minimum Time Required Between 10th SCLK Falling Edge (≤ 0.8 V) and CS to Allow a Conversion Note 2 — tCAs Maximum Delay Between 10th SCLK Falling Edge (≤ 2 V) and CS to Abort a Conversion 5 th 6, 8 tPHL Maximum Propagation Delay, 10th SCLK to EOC 1 tr, tf Maximum Input Rise and Fall Times 1, 4, 6 – 8 tTLH, tTHL — Cin — Cout 9 Minimum Hold Time, Last SCLK to CS SCLK Din, CS Maximum Output Transition Time, Any Output Maximum Input Capacitance Maximum Three-State Output Capacitance µs 0 ns 2.35 µs 1 10 ms µs 300 ns AN0 – AN4 SCLK, CS, Din 55 15 pF Dout 15 pF NOTES: 1. After the 10th SCLK falling edge (≤ 2 V), at least 1 SCLK rising edge (≥ 2 V) must occur within 18.5 µs. 2. A CS edge may be received immediately after an active transition on the EOC pin. MC145053 4 MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA SWITCHING WAVEFORMS twL twH tr tf 2.0 V SCLK 0.8 V 2.0 V CS 1/f 0.8 V tPLH, tPHL tPZH, tPZL th tPHZ, tPLZ 2.4 V Dout 0.4 V 2.4 V 0.4 V Dout tTLH, tTHL 90% Figure 1. 10% Figure 2. tTLH EOC VALID 2.4 V 0.4 V 2.0 V 0.8 V Din td 2.4 V th tsu 0.4 V Dout VALID MSB 2.0 V SCLK 0.8 V NOTE: Dout is driven only when CS is active (low). Figure 3. Figure 4. 2.0 V CS 0.8 V tsu SCLK SCLK 0.8 V 10TH CLOCK 0.8 V tPHL th FIRST CLOCK 2.4 V EOC LAST CLOCK 0.4 V 0.8 V tTHL Figure 5. Figure 6. VDD TEST POINT VDD TEST POINT 2.18 k Dout DEVICE UNDER TEST 2.18 k EOC 12 k 100 pF Figure 7. Test Circuit MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA DEVICE UNDER TEST 12 k 50 pF Figure 8. Test Circuit MC145053 5 Dout Serial Data Output of the A/D Conversion Result (Pin 11) PIN DESCRIPTIONS DIGITAL INPUTS AND OUTPUT The various serial bit-stream formats for the MC145053 are illustrated in the timing diagrams of Figures 9 through 14. Table 1 assists in selection of the appropriate diagram. Note that the ADC accepts 16 clocks which makes it SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) compatible. Table 1. Timing Diagram Selection No. of Clocks in Serial Transfer Using CS 10 10 11 to 16 16 11 to 16 16 Yes No Yes No Yes No Serial Transfer Interval Figure No. Don’t Care Don’t Care Shorter than Conversion Shorter than Conversion Longer than Conversion Longer than Conversion 9 10 11 12 13 14 CS Active-Low Chip Select Input (Pin 10) Chip select initializes the chip to perform conversions and provides 3-state control of the data output pin (Dout). While inactive high, CS forces Dout to the high-impedance state and disables the data input (Din) and serial clock (SCLK) pins. A high-to-low transition on CS resets the serial data port and synchronizes it to the MPU data stream. CS can remain active during the conversion cycle and can stay in the active low state for multiple serial transfers or CS can be inactive high after each transfer. If CS is kept active low between transfers, the length of each transfer is limited to either 10 or 16 SCLK cycles. If CS is in the inactive high state between transfers, each transfer can be anywhere from 10 to 16 SCLK cycles long. See the SCLK pin description for a more detailed discussion of these requirements. Spurious chip selects caused by system noise are minimized by the internal circuitry. Any transitions on the CS pin are recognized as valid only if the level is maintained for about 2 µs after the transition. NOTE If CS is inactive high after the 10th SCLK cycle and then goes active low before the A/D conversion is complete, the conversion is aborted and the chip enters the initial state, ready for another serial transfer/conversion sequence. At this point, the output data register contains the result from the conversion before the aborted conversion. Note that the last step of the A/D conversion sequence is to update the output data register with the result. Therefore, if CS goes active low in an attempt to abort the conversion too close to the end of the conversion sequence, the result register may be corrupted and the chip could be thrown out of sync with the processor until CS is toggled again (refer to the AC Electrical Characteristics in the spec tables). MC145053 6 This output is in the high-impedance state when CS is inactive high. When the chip recognizes a valid active low on CS, Dout is taken out of the high-impedance state and is driven with the MSB of the previous conversion result. (For the first transfer after power-up, data on Dout is undefined for the entire transfer.) The value on Dout changes to the second most significant result bit upon the first falling edge of SCLK. The remaining result bits are shifted out in order, with the LSB appearing on Dout upon the ninth falling edge of SCLK. Note that the order of the transfer is MSB to LSB. Upon the 10th falling edge of SCLK, Dout is immediately driven low (if allowed by CS) so that transfers of more than 10 SCLKs read zeroes as the unused LSBs. When CS is held active low between transfers, Dout is driven from a low level to the MSB of the conversion result for three cases: Case 1 — upon the 16th SCLK falling edge if the transfer is longer than the conversion time (Figure 14); Case 2 — upon completion of a conversion for a 16-bit transfer interval shorter than the conversion (Figure 12); Case 3 — upon completion of a conversion for a 10-bit transfer (Figure 10). Din Serial Data Input (Pin 12) The four-bit serial input stream begins with the MSB of the analog mux address (or the user test mode) that is to be converted next. The address is shifted in on the first four rising edges of SCLK. After the four mux address bits have been received, the data on Din is ignored for the remainder of the present serial transfer. See Table 2 in Applications Information. SCLK Serial Data Clock (Pin 13) This clock input drives the internal I/O state machine to perform three major functions: (1) drives the data shift registers to simultaneously shift in the next mux address from the Din pin and shift out the previous conversion result on the Dout pin, (2) begins sampling the analog voltage onto the RC DAC as soon as the new mux address is available, and (3) transfers control to the A/D conversion state machine after the last bit of the previous conversion result has been shifted out on the Dout pin. The serial data shift registers are completely static, allowing SCLK rates down to the dc. There are some cases, however, that require a minimum SCLK frequency as discussed later in this section. At least ten SCLK cycles are required for each simultaneous data transfer. If the 16-bit format is used, SCLK can be one continuous 16-bit stream or two intermittent 8-bit streams. After the serial port has been initiated to perform a serial transfer*, the new mux address is shifted in * The serial port can be initiated in three ways: (1) a recognized CS falling edge, (2) the end of an A/D conversion if the port is performing either a 10-bit or a 16-bit “shorter-than-conversion” transfer with CS active low between transfers, and (3) the 16th falling edge of SCLK if the port is performing 16-bit “longer-than-conversion” transfers with CS active low between transfers. MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA on the first four rising edges of SCLK, and the previous 10-bit conversion result is shifted out on the first nine falling edges of SCLK. After the fourth rising edge of SCLK, the new mux address is available; therefore, on the next edge of SCLK (the fourth falling edge), the analog input voltage on the selected mux input begins charging the RC DAC and continues to do so until the tenth falling edge of SCLK. After this tenth SCLK edge, the analog input voltage is disabled from the RC DAC and the RC DAC begins the “hold” portion of the A/D conversion sequence. Also upon this tenth SCLK edge, control of the internal circuitry is transferred to the internal clock oscillator which drives the successive approximation logic to complete the conversion. If 16 SCLK cycles are used during each transfer, then there is a constraint on the minimum SCLK frequency. Specifically, there must be at least one rising edge on SCLK before the A/D conversion is complete. If the SCLK frequency is too low and a rising edge does not occur during the conversion, the chip is thrown out of sync with the processor and CS needs to be toggled in order to restore proper operation. If 10 SCLKs are used per transfer, then there is no lower frequency limit on SCLK. Also note that if the ADC is operated such that CS is inactive high between transfers, then the number of SCLK cycles per transfer can be anything between 10 and 16 cycles, but the “rising edge” constraint is still in effect if more than 10 SCLKs are used. (If CS stays active low for multiple transfers, the number of SCLK cycles must be either 10 or 16.) EOC End-of-Conversion Output (Pin 1) EOC goes low on the tenth falling edge of SCLK. A low-tohigh transition on EOC occurs when the A/D conversion is complete and the data is ready for transfer. and leakage currents through the ESD protection diodes on the selected channel occur. These leakage currents cause an offset voltage to appear across any series source resistance on the selected channel. Therefore, any source resistance greater than 1 kΩ (Motorola test condition) may induce errors in excess of guaranteed specifications. There are three tests available that verify the functionality of all the control logic as well as the successive approximation comparator. These tests are performed by addressing $B, $C, or $D and they convert a voltage of (Vref + VAG)/2, VAG, or Vref, respectively. The voltages are obtained internally by sampling Vref or VAG onto the appropriate elements of the RC DAC during the sample phase. Addressing $B, $C, or $D produces an output of $200 (half scale), $000, or $3FF (full scale), respectively, if the converter is functioning properly. However, deviation from these values occurs in the presence of sufficient system noise (external to the chip) on VDD, VSS, Vref, or VAG. POWER AND REFERENCE PINS VSS and VDD Device Supply Pins (Pins 7 and 14) VSS is normally connected to digital ground; VDD is connected to a positive digital supply voltage. Low frequency (VDD – VSS) variations over the range of 4.5 to 5.5 volts do not affect the A/D accuracy. (See the Operations Ranges Table for restrictions on Vref and VAG relative to VDD and VSS.) Excessive inductance in the VDD or VSS lines, as on automatic test equipment, may cause A/D offsets > ± 1 LSB. Use of a 0.1 µF bypass capacitor across these pins is recommended. ANALOG INPUTS AND TEST MODES VAG and Vref Analog Reference Voltage Pins (Pins 8 and 9) AN0 through AN4 Analog Multiplexer Inputs (Pins 2 – 6) Analog reference voltage pins which determine the lower and upper boundary of the A/D conversion. Analog input voltages ≥ Vref produce a full scale output and input voltages ≤ VAG produce an output of zero. CAUTION: The analog input voltage must be ≥ V SS and ≤ V DD. The A/D conversion result is ratiometric to Vref – VAG. Vref and VAG must be as noise-free as possible to avoid degradation of the A/D conversion. Ideally, Vref and VAG should be single-point connected to the voltage supply driving the system’s transducers. Use of a 0.22 µF bypass capacitor across these pins is strongly urged. The input AN0 is addressed by loading $0 into the mux address register. AN1 is addressed by $1, AN2 by $2, AN3 by $3, and AN4 by $4. Table 2 shows the input format for a 16-bit stream. The mux features a break-before-make switching structure to minimize noise injection into the analog inputs. The source resistance driving these inputs must be 1 kΩ. During normal operation, leakage currents through the analog mux from unselected channels to a selected channel v MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 7 CS Dout D9 – MSB D8 1 SCLK D7 2 D6 3 4 D5 D4 5 D3 6 D2 7 8 D1 9 HIGH IMPEDANCE D0 D9 10 1 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT Din A3 A2 A1 A3 A0 MSB EOC A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE INITIALIZE RE-INITIALIZE Figure 9. Timing for 10-Clock Transfer Using CS MUST BE HIGH ON POWER UP CS Dout D9 – MSB SCLK 1 D8 D7 2 D6 3 4 D5 5 D4 D3 6 D2 7 8 D1 9 D0 LOW LEVEL D9 10 1 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT Din A3 A2 A1 A0 A3 MSB EOC SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL INITIALIZE Figure 10. Timing for 10-Clock Transfer Not Using CS NOTES: 1. D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, …, D0 = the result of the previous A/D conversion. 2. A3, A2, A1, A0 = the mux address for the next A/D conversion. MC145053 8 MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 9 A1 3 A0 D6 4 D5 5 6 D3 7 D2 8 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT D4 D1 9 10 D0 16 A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL 11 HIGH IMPEDANCE RE-INITIALIZE A3 D9 2 A1 D7 3 A0 4 D6 D5 5 6 D3 7 D2 8 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT D4 D1 9 D0 10 11 12 14 15 A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL 13 LOW LEVEL 16 Figure 12. Timing for 16-Clock Transfer Not Using CS* (Serial Transfer Interval Shorter Than Conversion) SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE A2 D8 NOTES: D9, D8, D7, . . . , D0 = the result of the previous A/D conversion. A3, A2, A1, A0 = the mux address for the next A/D conversion. *This figure illustrates the behavior of the MC145051. The MC145050 behaves identically except there is no EOC signal and the conversion time is 44 ADCLK cycles (user-controlled time). INITIALIZE EOC MSB A3 1 SCLK D in D9 – MSB MUST BE HIGH ON POWER UP D out CS 2 D7 SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE A2 D8 LOW LEVEL Figure 11. Timing for 11- to 16-Clock Transfer Using CS* (Serial Transfer Interval Shorter than Conversion) INITIALIZE EOC A3 1 SCLK D in D9 – MSB D out CS 1 A3 D9 1 10 MC145053 MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA A1 3 A0 D6 4 D5 5 6 D3 7 D2 8 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT D4 D1 9 10 D0 NOTE 2 HIGH IMPEDANCE 16 A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL 11 LOW LEVEL RE-INITIALIZE A3 D9 A1 3 A0 D6 4 D5 5 6 D3 7 D2 8 SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT D4 D1 9 10 D0 11 13 A/D CONVERSION INTERVAL 12 NOTE 2 14 LOW LEVEL 15 16 Figure 14. Timing for 16-Clock Transfer Not Using CS* (Serial Transfer Interval Longer Than Conversion) SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE A2 2 D7 1 NOTES: D9, D8, D7, . . . , D0 = the result of the previous A/D conversion. A3, A2, A1, A0 = the mux address for the next A/D conversion. *NOTES: 1. This figure illustrates the behavior of the MC145051. The MC145050 behaves identically except there is no EOC signal and the conversion time is 44 ADCLK cycles (user-controlled time). 2. The 11th SCLK rising edge must occur before the conversion is complete. Otherwise the serial port is thrown out of sync with the microprocessor for the remainder of the transfer. MSB A3 1 D8 MUST BE HIGH ON POWER UP D9 – MSB INITIALIZE EOC D in SCLK D out CS 2 D7 SHIFT IN NEW MUX ADDRESS, SIMULTANEOUSLY SHIFT OUT PREVIOUS CONVERSION VALUE A2 D8 Figure 13. Timing for 11- to 16-Clock Transfer Using CS* (Serial Transfer Interval Longer Than Conversion) INITIALIZE EOC A3 1 SCLK D in D9 – MSB D out CS D9 A3 1 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DESCRIPTION This example application of the MC145053 ADC interfaces four analog signals to a microprocessor. Figure 15 illustrates how the MC145053 is used as a costeffective means to simplify this type of circuit design. Utilizing one ADC, four analog inputs are interfaced to a CMOS or NMOS microprocessor with a serial peripheral interface (SPI) port. Processors with National Semiconductor’s MICROWIRE serial port may also be used. Full duplex operation optimizes throughput for this system. DIGITAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Motorola’s MC68HC05C4 CMOS MCU may be chosen to reduce power supply size and cost. The NMOS MCUs may be used if power consumption is not critical. A VDD or VSS 0.1 µF bypass capacitor should be closely mounted to the ADC. The MC145053 has the end-of-conversion (EOC) signal at output pin 1 to define when data is ready. ANALOG DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Analog signal sources with output impedances of less than 1 kΩ may be directly interfaced to the ADC, eliminating the need for buffer amplifiers. Separate lines connect the Vref and VAG pins on the ADC with the controllers to provide isolation from system noise. Although not indicated in Figure 15, the Vref and sensor output lines may need to be shielded, depending on their length and electrical environment. This should be verified during prototyping with an oscilloscope. If shielding is required, a twisted pair or foil-shielded wire (not coax) is appropriate for this low frequency application. One wire of the pair or the shield must be VAG. MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA A reference circuit voltage of 5 volts is used for the application shown in Figure 15. However, the reference circuitry may be simplified by tying VAG to system ground and Vref to the system’s positive supply. (See Figure 16.) A bypass capacitor of approximately 0.22 µF across the Vref and VAG pins is recommended. These pins are adjacent on the ADC package which facilitates mounting the capacitor very close to the ADC. SOFTWARE CONSIDERATIONS The software flow for acquisition is straightforward. The four analog inputs, AN0 through AN3, are scanned by reading the analog value of the previously addressed channel into the MCU and sending the address of the next channel to be read to the ADC, simultaneously. The designer utilizing the MC145053 has the end-of-conversion signal (at pin 1) to define the conversion interval. EOC may be used to generate an interrupt, which is serviced by reading the serial data from the ADC. The software flow should then process and format the data. When this ADC is used with a 16-bit (2-byte) transfer, there are two types of offsets involved. In the first type of offset, the channel information sent to the ADCs is offset by 12 bits. That is, in the 16-bit stream, only the first 4 bits (4 MSBs) contain the channel information. The balance of the bits are don’t cares. This results in 3 don’t-care nibbles, as shown in Table 2. The second type of offset is in the conversion result returned from the ADC; this is offset by 6 bits. In the 16-bit stream, the first 10 bits (10 MSBs) contain the conversion result. The last 6 bits are zeroes. The hexadecimal result is shown in the first column of Table 3. The second column shows the result after the offset is removed by a microprocessor routine. If the 16-bit format is used, the ADC can transfer one continuous 16-bit stream or two intermittent 8-bit streams. MC145053 11 Table 2. Programmer’s Guide for 16-Bit Transfers: Input Code Input Address in Hex Channel to be Converted Next Comment $0XXX $1XXX $2XXX $3XXX $4XXX $5XXX $6XXX $7XXX $8XXX $9XXX $AXXX $BXXX $CXXX $DXXX $EXXX $FXXX AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 None None None None None None AN5 AN6 AN7 None None Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Not Allowed Not Allowed Not Allowed Not Allowed Not Allowed Not Allowed Half Scale Test: Output = $8000 Zero Test: Output = $0000 Full Scale Test: Output = $FFC0 Not Allowed Not Allowed Table 3. Programmer’s Guide for 16-Bit Transfers: Output Code Conversion Result Without Offset Removed Conversion Result With Offset Removed $0000 $0040 $0080 $00C0 $0100 $0140 $0180 $01C0 $0200 $0240 $0280 $02C0 $0000 $0001 $0002 $0003 $0004 $0005 $0006 $0007 $0008 $0009 $000A $000B L L $FF40 $FF80 $FFC0 $03FD $03FE $03FF +5V 0.22 µF Vref L Full Scale – 2 LSBs Full Scale – 1 LSB Full Scale 0.1 µF VDD CS Din SCLK AN0 ANALOG SENSORS, ETC. Value Zero Zero + 1 LSB Zero + 2 LSBs Zero + 3 LSBs Zero + 4 LSBs Zero + 5 LSBs Zero + 6 LSBs Zero + 7 LSBs Zero + 8 LSBs Zero + 9 LSBs Zero + 10 LSBs Zero + 11 LSBs AN1 MC145053 ADC AN2 µP SPI PORT Dout AN3 EOC 5 VOLT REFERENCE CIRCUIT AN4 VAG VSS Figure 15. Example Application MC145053 12 MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA DIGITAL + V DO NOT CONNECT AT IC ANALOG + V Vref TO SENSORS, ETC. 5V SUPPLY 0.22 µF VDD VAG ANALOG GND 0.1 µF MC145053 VSS DO NOT CONNECT AT IC DIGITAL GND Figure 16. Alternate Configuration Using the Digital Supply for the Reference Voltage Compatible Motorola MCUs/MPUs This is not a complete listing of Motorola’s MCUs/MPUs. Contact your Motorola representative if you need additional information. Instruction Set Memory (Bytes) SPI SCI ROM EEPROM M6805 2096 2096 4160 4160 8K 4160 8K 7700 — — — — — — — — — 4160 — Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes — M68000 — — — Device Number MC68HC05C2 MC68HC05C3 MC68HC05C4 MC68HSC05C4 MC68HSC05C8 MC68HCL05C4 MC68HCL05C8 MC68HC05C8 MC68HC805C4 MC68HC000 SPI = Serial Peripheral Interface. SCI = Serial Communication Interface. High Speed. Low Power. MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 13 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS PLASTIC DIP P SUFFIX CASE 646-06 14 8 1 7 NOTES: 1. LEADS WITHIN 0.13 (0.005) RADIUS OF TRUE POSITION AT SEATING PLANE AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 4. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL. B A F L C J N H MC145053 14 G D SEATING PLANE K M DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N INCHES MIN MAX 0.715 0.770 0.240 0.260 0.145 0.185 0.015 0.021 0.040 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.052 0.095 0.008 0.015 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC 0° 10° 0.015 0.039 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 18.16 19.56 6.10 6.60 3.69 4.69 0.38 0.53 1.02 1.78 2.54 BSC 1.32 2.41 0.20 0.38 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC 0° 10° 1.01 0.39 MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA SOG PACKAGE D SUFFIX CASE 751A-03 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. -A14 8 -B1 P7 PL 0.25 (0.010) 7 G 0.25 (0.010) M T B S M F M K D 14 PL B R X 45° C SEATING PLANE M A S J DIM A B C D F G J K M P R MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 8.75 8.55 4.00 3.80 1.75 1.35 0.49 0.35 1.25 0.40 1.27 BSC 0.25 0.19 0.25 0.10 7° 0° 5.80 6.20 0.25 0.50 INCHES MIN MAX 0.337 0.344 0.150 0.157 0.054 0.068 0.014 0.019 0.016 0.049 0.050 BSC 0.008 0.009 0.004 0.009 7° 0° 0.228 0.244 0.010 0.019 Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. 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Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 1–303–675–2140 or 1–800–441–2447 JAPAN: Motorola Japan Ltd.; SPD, Strategic Planning Office, 141, 4–32–1 Nishi–Gotanda, Shinagawa–ku, Tokyo, Japan. 81–3–5487–8488 Customer Focus Center: 1–800–521–6274 Mfax: [email protected] – TOUCHTONE 1–602–244–6609 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, Motorola Fax Back System – US & Canada ONLY 1–800–774–1848 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298 – http://sps.motorola.com/mfax/ HOME PAGE: http://motorola.com/sps/ MOTOROLA WIRELESS SEMICONDUCTOR ◊ SOLUTIONS DEVICE DATA MC145053 MC145053/D 15