19-2056; Rev 0; 5/01 Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds Applications Notebook and Desktop Computers Features ♦ On-Chip 250mA Fan Switch ♦ No External Components Required ♦ Factory-Programmed Thresholds ♦ Two Overtemperature Warning Signals ♦ Pin-Selectable 1°C, 4°C, and 8°C Hysteresis ♦ Low 65µA Supply Current Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE PINPACKAGE MAX6665ASA40 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 40°C MAX6665ASA45 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 45°C MAX6665ASA50 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 50°C MAX6665ASA55 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 55°C MAX6665ASA60 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 60°C MAX6665ASA65 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 65°C MAX6665ASA70 -40°C to +125°C 8 SO-EP* 70°C Servers PC Power Supplies Laboratory Instruments Card Racks Typical Operating Circuit +4.5V TO +24V THRESHOLD *Exposed paddle 100mA TO 250mA COOLING FAN Pin Configuration TOP VIEW VDD +3.3V FANOUT VDD 1µF MAX6665 100kΩ GND WARN HYST VDD 1 8 FANOUT 7 VDD 3 6 WARN FANON 4 5 OT FORCEON 2 MAX6665 100kΩ OT FORCEON GND HYST FANON SO ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX6665 General Description The MAX6665 is a fully integrated thermal switch with an internal power transistor for driving a cooling fan rated up to 24V and 250mA. When the MAX6665’s temperature rises above a factory-programmed threshold, the FANOUT pin becomes active and powers the fan. The MAX6665 is available with factory-programmed fan activation threshold temperatures from +40°C to +70°C in 5°C increments. Accuracy of the fan activation trip point is ±1°C (typ) and ±3°C (max). The trip point’s hysteresis is pin selectable to 1°C, 4°C, or 8°C. Two opendrain logic outputs indicate overtemperature conditions: WARN is activated when the temperature is 15°C above the fan activation threshold, and OT is activated when the temperature is 30°C above the threshold. These features can be used to safely power down systems that are overheated. The MAX6665 operates from a +2.7V to +5.5V power supply, and the associated fan can be powered from 4.5V to 24V. It is available in an 8-pin SO package and operates from -40°C to +125°C. MAX6665 Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VDD to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +6V FANOUT to GND ....................................................-0.3V to +28V FORCEON, HYST, FANON to GND............-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) WARN, OT to GND ...................................................-0.3V to +6V FANOUT Continuous Current............................................400mA All Other Pins ....................................................................±20mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin SO (derate 19.6mW/°C above +70°C).............1568mW Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C Junction (storage) Temperature Range ............-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +125°C. Typical values are at VDD = +3.3V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Supply Voltage VDD pin Supply Current No load FANOUT Drive Voltage FANOUT pin FANOUT Output Current Capability FANOUT Leakage Current FANOUT Threshold, TTH MIN MAX 5.5 V 65 200 µA 26 V 2.7 V FANOUT < 0.8V 250 V FANOUT < 0.6V, TA ≤ TTH +10°C, VCC ≥ +3.3V 250 3 MAX6665ASA40 40 MAX6665ASA45 45 MAX6665ASA50 50 MAX6665ASA55 55 MAX6665ASA60 60 MAX6665ASA65 65 MAX6665ASA70 UNITS mA V FANOUT = 26V, TA = +60°C FANOUT Threshold Error FANOUT Hysteresis TYP µA °C 70 -3 ±1 HYST is unconnected 1 HYST ≤ 0.3VDD 4 HYST ≥ 0.7VDD 8 +3 °C °C WARN Threshold Relative to FANOUT temperature threshold +15 °C OT Threshold Relative to FANOUT temperature threshold +30 °C 2 °C WARN and OT Hysteresis FANON Output High Voltage IFANON = 0.5mA source FANON Output Low Voltage IFANON = 0.5mA sink WARN and OT Output Voltage Low 2.0 V 0.7 I WARN = 1.2mA or I OT = 1.2mA sink 0.3 I WARN = 20mA or I OT = 20mA sink 0.5 Open-Drain Leakage Current V WARN = 5.5V or V OT = 5.5V 0.1 Input Low Voltage FORCEON and HYST pins Input High Voltage FORCEON and HYST pins Input Current V V µA 0.3VDD 0.7VDD V V FORCEON connected to VDD or GND -1 +1 HYST connected to VDD or GND -15 +15 µA Note 1: Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design. Parts are 100% production tested at 10°C below the temperature threshold. 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds FANOUT VOLTAGE vs. CURRENT TA = +75°C 800 VDD = +2.7V FANOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 600 VDD = +3.3V 500 400 300 TA = +75°C 450 TA = +50°C 400 350 200 300 VDD = +5.0V 100 0 250 2.7 1000 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 FANOUT CURRENT (mA) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD DISTRIBUTION FORCEON = VDD 80 MAX6665 toc03 90 100 VDD = +5V VDD = +3.3V 70 60 VDD = +2.7V 50 40 50 45 5.5 MAX6665ASA55 100 SAMPLES 40 MAX6665 toc04 10 SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) FANOUT CURRENT = 250mA 500 PERCENTAGE OF SAMPLES (%) FANOUT VOLTAGE (mV) 700 MAX6665 toc02 FANOUT VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 550 MAX6665 toc01 900 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 30 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 -3.0 -2.5 -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 TEMPERATURE ERROR (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX6665 Typical Operating Characteristics (VDD = +3.3V, unless otherwise noted.) Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds MAX6665 Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 GND 2 FORCEON 3 HYST 4 FANON Fan-On Indicator Output. Push-pull output. FANON is high when the fan switch is on. FANON is low when the fan switch is off. 5 OT Overtemperature Output. Active-low when the temperature is 30°C above the fan threshold. Opendrain output, requires resistive pullup. 6 WARN 7 VDD 8 FANOUT Exposed Paddle GND Ground Force Fan On Input. Set FORCEON low to force the fan switch on. Set FORCEON high for normal operation. Three-State Hysteresis Input. Connect HYST to VDD for 8°C, GND for 4°C, and leave HYST unconnected for 1°C hysteresis. Overtemperature Warning Output. Active-low when the temperature is 15°C above the fan threshold. Open-drain output, requires resistive pullup. Supply Voltage. Bypass with a 1µF capacitor to GND as close to VDD pin as possible. Fan-Switch (Driver) Output. Connect to the low side of a fan. Ground Detailed Description The MAX6665 is a simple fan controller/driver that turns on the internal power transistor when its die temperature exceeds a factory-set threshold. By connecting a small (typically 5V to 12V, 100mA to 250mA) cooling fan to FANOUT, a simple on/off fan-control system is created. FANOUT drives the fan’s low side. The fan’s positive supply pin should be connected to its normal power-supply voltage (up to 24V nominal). To turn the fan on when the MAX6665’s die temperature is less than the threshold voltage, drive FORCEON low. This overrides the internal control circuitry and allows an external device to activate the fan. FANON is an active-high push-pull logic output that goes high when the fan is turned on, either when temperature exceeds the threshold or the fan is forced on. WARN is an active-low, open-drain digital output that indicates the MAX6665’s die temperature exceeds 15°C above the fan trip threshold. WARN output serves as a warning that the system temperature has continued to rise well above the fan activation temperature. OT is an active-low open-drain digital output that indicates the MAX6665’s die temperature exceeds 30°C above the fan trip threshold. It serves as a thermal shutdown output to the system in case of excessive temperature rise. Figure 1 shows a typical application circuit for a high-reliability, fail-safe temperature monitor. 4 Applications Information Thermal Considerations and Hysteresis The temperature comparator has hysteresis to prevent small temperature changes near the threshold temperature from causing the fan to turn on and off repeatedly over short periods of time. The FANOUT pin goes active and powers the fan when the MAX6665’s die temperature exceeds the factory-programmed trip temperature. As the cooling fan operates, the circuit board temperature should decrease, which in turn causes the MAX6665’s die temperature to decrease. When the die temperature is equal to the trip threshold minus the hysteresis, the FANOUT pin turns the fan off, removing power from the fan. The HYST pin sets the amount of hysteresis to 1°C, 4°C, or 8°C by letting the pin float or connecting to GND or VDD, respectively. This allows the amount of hysteresis to be matched to the cooling and noise requirements of the system. Hysteresis is also affected by self-heating of the MAX6665’s die. The fan current flowing through the onchip power transistor causes the die temperature to increase. For example, assume the MAX6665 controls a 125mA fan. When the fan is operating, the voltage drop across the output transistor is typically under 250mV. At 250mV, the power dissipation is 31.25mW. The thermal resistance of the MAX6665 package (with EP soldered) is 51°C/W, so the die temperature _______________________________________________________________________________________ Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds MAX6665 +4.5V TO +24V 100mA TO 250mA COOLING FAN VDD +3.3V FANOUT VDD 1µF MAX6665 100kΩ HYST WARN FORCEON FANON I/O µP I/O VDD 100kΩ SYSTEM POWER SHUTDOWN OT GND Figure 1. High-Reliability, Fail-Safe Fan Controller and Temperature Monitor increases by a maximum of: 51°C/W x 0.03125W = 1.59°C Therefore, the effective hysteresis is about 1.59°C higher than the hysteresis selected by the HYST pin. For example, setting the HYST pin for 8°C of hysteresis results in an effective hysteresis of about 9.6°C. A larger fan with a power-supply current of 250mA causes a maximum voltage drop of 0.6V at the output pin. This results in 150mW power dissipation and the die temperature increases by: 51°C/W x 0.150W = 7.65°C If the HYST pin has been set for 8°C of hysteresis, the total effective hysteresis will be about 15.7°C. Using fans with somewhat higher operating current than 250mA results in higher voltage across the output transistor. The increased power dissipation caused by the higher current and voltage levels will increase selfheating, thereby increasing the effective hysteresis. When using higher-power fans, be sure that the MAX6665’s power dissipation does not cause so much self-heating that the MAX6665 stays on constantly. Locating the MAX6665 The location of the MAX6665 in the system affects its operation. Because the fan is turned on and off based on the MAX6665’s die temperature, place the MAX6665 close to major heat-generating components in the system—a high-speed CPU or a power device, for example. A higher supply voltage reduces the FANOUT voltage, which reduces the self-heating effects. The die temperature of the MAX6665 tracks the temperature of its leads and the EP. If it is soldered to a PC board, it quickly reaches the temperature of the traces in that section of the circuit board. Air temperature affects the die temperature. Since the plastic package does not conduct heat as well as the leads, the effect of air temperature is much less than that of lead temperature. Layout Issues The MAX6665’s GND pin is ground return for the fan driver and the device. Large fan current induces noise (ground bounce) to the MAX6665. Bypass VDD to GND with a 1µF tantalum capacitor located as close to the MAX6665 as possible. For long VDD and GND lines, an additional bypass capacitor may be needed. The bypass capacitor reduces GND noise. The EP is internally connected to the GND pin. Solder the EP to the ground plane for better electrical and thermal performance. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 1543 MOS 119 BIPOLAR PROCESS: BiCMOS Package Information 8L, SOIC EXP. PAD.EPS MAX6665 Fan Controller/Driver with FactoryProgrammed Temperature Thresholds Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 6 _____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2001 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.