19-4985; Rev 2; 7/10 TION KIT EVALUA BLE IL AVA A Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Features The MAX3543 hybrid broadband single-conversion television tuner is designed for use in analog (PAL, SECAM) + digital (DVB-T, GB20600) television sets and terrestrial receivers. It receives all television bands from 47MHz to 862MHz and converts the selected channel to an industry-standard 36MHz IF. S Standard IF Architecture Ensures < -70dBc Spurs S Integrated RF Tracking Filter S Integrated IF Bandpass Filter S Full-Band Coverage (47MHz to 862MHz) S 70dB Image Rejection The MAX3543 includes a variable-gain low-noise input amplifier; an RF tracking filter; an image rejection mixer; a peak detector; an optional internal, self-contained RF gain-control loop (RFAGC); a VCO with fractional-N PLL; an IF bandpass filter; an IF variable-gain amplifier; separate analog and digital IF outputs; and a crystal oscillator. S 4dB Noise Figure S Fast-Locking, Low Phase-Noise PLL Supports 256QAM S Crystal Oscillator and Buffer/Divider to Drive Baseband IC S 745mW Power Dissipation The MAX3543 is available in a small, 6mm x 6mm, thin QFN package, and the application circuit fits in 20mm x 25mm on a two-layer board with single-sided component mounting. Ordering Information Applications DVB-T/DVB-T2 + PAL/SECAM DTMB/GB20600 + PAL PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX3543CTL+ 0NC to +70NC 40 TQFN-EP* +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed paddle. ATSC + NTSC DVB-C + PAL/SECAM 30 TFVL2 TFVH1 TFVH2 TFU1 TFU2A TFU2B TFU3 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 31 /N 18 34 17 35 16 TRACKING FILTER 36 37 15 14 PDET LEXT 38 11 6 7 8 9 SCL I2C VCCDIG REFOUT GND REF_OUT DIGITAL DEMODULATOR OR A+D DEMODULATOR IFVGC DTVOUT+ DTVOUTIFOUT2 DIG_IF ANA_IF VCC GND IFIN+ ANALOG DEMODULATOR 10 IFIN- 5 ADDR 4 IFVGC 3 IFOUT1B 2 IFOUT1A 1 RFGND2 + VCCIF 12 40 RFVGC 39 RFGND1 RFINL 13 RFINH VCC 20 19 MAX3543 33 21 I2C FRAC-N PLL 32 XTALB XTALE REFDIV SDA TUNE GND LDOBYP 29 VCC VCC TFVL1 Block Diagram/Typical Application Circuit/Pin Configuration LC BANDPASS FILTER NOTE: LAYOUT FITS 25mm x 20mm ON 2-LAYER BOARD WITH DEVICE PLACEMENT ON TOP SIDE ONLY. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. MAX3543 General Description MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC to GND...........................................................-0.3V to +3.6V RFINL, RFINH, IFIN+, IFIN-, DTVOUT+, DTVOUT-, IFOUT1A, IFOUT1B, IFOUT2................ -0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) SDA, SCLK, IFAGC, RFVGA.................................-0.3V to +3.6V Short-Circuit Protection: DTVOUT+, DTVOUT-, IFOUT1A, IFOUT1B, IFOUT2..................................... Indefinite RF Input Power............................................................... +10dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC) (derate 35.7mW/NC above +70NC).............................2857mW Operating Temperature Range.............................. 0NC to +70NC Junction Temperature......................................................+150NC Storage Temperature Range............................. -65NC to +165NC Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300NC Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 3.1V to 3.5V, TA = 0NC to +70NC, registers set according to Table 1. Typical values are at VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 3.5 V SUPPLY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT Supply Voltage Supply Current 3.1 IF VGA enabled 225 Standby (REF oscillator on) R08[7] = 1 RF and IF VGC Input Bias Current At 0.5V to 3.0V DC RF and IF VGC Control Voltage Maximum gain RF and IF VGC Control Voltage Minimum gain 270 5 -100 to +100 mA FA 3.0 V 0.5 V 0.3 x VCC V SERIAL INTERFACE Input Logic-Level Low 0.7 x VCC Input Logic-Level High Output Logic-Level Low V 3mA sink current 0.4 Output Logic-Level High Maximum Clock Rate V VCC 0.5V V 400 kHz AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, RF center frequency = 666MHz, IF center frequency = 36.15MHz, registers set according to Table 1, fREF = 16MHz, VRFVGC = VIFVGC = 3.0V, VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS OVERALL REQUIREMENTS (RF INPUT TO IF OUTPUT) RFINL Operating Frequency Range Tunable frequency range 47 345 MHz RFINH Operating Frequency Range Tunable frequency range 345 862 MHz Maximum Voltage Gain to IFOUT1 DVB-T mode (see Table 1) 50 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ dB Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner (MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, RF center frequency = 666MHz, IF center frequency = 36.15MHz, registers set according to Table 1, fREF = 16MHz, VRFVGC = VIFVGC = 3.0V, VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER RF Gain Control Range CONDITIONS MIN (gain at VRFVGC = 3.0V) - (gain at VRFVGC = 0.5V) Noise Figure Image applied at 77.8MHz above desired channel’s center frequency Image Rejection TYP MAX UNITS 53 dB 4 dB 47MHz to 470MHz > 70 470MHz to 862MHz > 65 dB IF VARIABLE-GAIN AMPLIFIER Maximum Voltage Gain Output load impedance > 2kI||3pF, differential load 60 dB Minimum Voltage Gain Output load impedance > 2kI||3pF, differential load, VIFVGC = 0.5V 19 dB In-Channel Output V1dB 36.15MHz CW output signal > 2.5 VP-P DETECTOR Wideband Detector Input-Referred Attack Point Programmable, R0B[6:4] = 100, CW input signal -36 dBm Narrowband Detector Input-Referred Attack Point Programmable, R0B[2:0] = 011, CW input signal -47 dBm SIGMA-DELTA FRAC-N SYNTHESIZER N-Divider Value 19 Fractional-N Resolution 251 20 Bits Phase-Detector Frequency fXTAL/2 8 10.5 MHz Phase-Detector Frequency fXTAL/1 16 21 MHz REFERENCE OSCILLATOR Frequency (Note 2) 16 32 MHz External Overdrive Level AC-coupled sine-wave input 0.5 1.5 VP-P fXTAL MHz REFERENCE OSCILLATOR OUTPUT BUFFER Output Frequency /1, /4 modes Output Level Load Impedance > 20kI||3pF 4 4 1.1 VP-P Note 1: Guaranteed by production test at +25NC. 0NC and +70NC are guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 2: Guaranteed by design and characterization. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX3543 AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Typical Register Summary Table 1 shows register settings to configure the MAX3543 for operation with a 16MHz crystal frequency and 666MHz RF frequency with a differential LC bandpass filter. Table 1. Typical Register Settings REGISTER NAME REGISTER ADDRESS REGISTER FUNCTION DVB-T MODE, 8MHz DIFFERENTIAL IF (hex) PAL MODE, ATV OUTPUT (hex) R00 0x00 VCO 4C 4C R01 0x01 NDIV INT 2B 57 R02 0x02 NDIV FRAC2 8E 9C R03 0x03 NDIV FRAC1 26 4C R04 0x04 NDIV FRAC0 (VAS Trigger) 66 CD R05 0x05 MODE CTRL D8 DA R06 0x06 TFS Calculated from ROM values Calculated from ROM values R07 0x07 TFP Calculated from ROM values Calculated from ROM values R08 0x08 SHUTDOWN 00 08 R09 0x09 REF CONFIG 0A 0A R0A 0x0A VAS CONFIG 16 16 R0B 0x0B PWRDET CFG1 43 43 R0C 0x0C PWRDET CFG2 01 03 R0D 0x0D FILT CF ADJ Read from ROM Read from ROM R0E 0x0E ROM ADDR 00 00 R0F 0x0F IRHR Read from ROM Read from ROM R10 0x10 ROM READBACK Read only Read only R11 0x11 VAS STATUS Read only Read only Read only R12 0x12 GEN STATUS Read only R13 0x13 BIAS ADJ 56 16 R14 0x14 TEST1 40 40 R15 0x15 ROM WRITE DATA Maxim use only Maxim use only 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner CASCADED DTV VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) +25°C 80 +70°C 75 0°C 70 +25°C 60 50 +70°C 40 65 30 DVB-T MODE DVB-T MODE 20 60 0 0.5 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 FREQUENCY (MHz) RFVGC VOLTAGE (V) CASCADED DTV VOLTAGE GAIN vs. IFVGC VOLTAGE ATV VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY fRF = 666MHz 90 60 MAX3543 toc03 100 0°C 55 0°C +25°C 3.0 50 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 80 +25°C 70 +70°C 60 50 45 40 +70°C 35 30 40 25 DVB-T MODE 30 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0 3.0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 IFVGC VOLTAGE (V) FREQUENCY (MHz) ATV VOLTAGE GAIN vs. RFVGC VOLTAGE NOISE FIGURE vs. FREQUENCY 10 MAX3543 toc05 60 fRF = 666MHz 50 ATV MODE 20 40 30 +25°C 20 10 +70°C 0 8 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 0°C INPUT DIPLEXER CROSSOVER FREQUENCY IS 345MHz 9 MAX3543 toc06 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) 85 70 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) MAX3543 toc02 80 90 VOLTAGE GAIN (dB) fRF = 666MHz 90 MAX3543 toc04 0°C 95 100 MAX3543 toc01 100 CASCADED DTV VOLTAGE GAIN vs. RFVGC VOLTAGE 7 6 +25°C 5 4 3 2 -10 1 ATV MODE -20 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 RFVGC VOLTAGE (V) 2.5 ATV MODE 0 3.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 FREQUENCY (MHz) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX3543 Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC, registers set according to Table 1, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (MAX3543 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 3.3V, TA = +25NC, registers set according to Table 1, unless otherwise noted.) 64QAM (3/4CR, 1/4GI, 8K, 8MHz), BER < 2e-4 -72 NORDIG SPECIFICATION 64QAM (3/4CR, 1/4GI, 8K, 8MHz), BER < 2e-4 -25 DESIRED/BLOCKER (dB) -76 -78 -80 -82 -84 -86 MEASURED MAX3543 -88 NORDIG SPECIFICATION -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 MEASURED MAX3543 -55 -90 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 FREQUENCY (MHz) RELATIVE BLOCKER CHANNEL IMAGE REJECTION vs. FREQUENCY DETECTOR ATTACK POINT vs. DETECTOR THRESHOLD SETTING 90 0°C 80 -25 MAX3543 toc09 100 INPUT-REFERRED ATTACK POINT (dBm) 0 70 +70°C 60 +25°C 50 40 MAX3543 toc10 SENSITIVITY (dBm) -74 -20 MAX3543 toc07 -70 MAX3543 toc08 DVB-T DIGITAL BLOCKER HANDLING vs. BLOCKER CHANNEL DVB-T SENSITIVITY vs. FREQUENCY IMAGE REJECTION (dB) fRF = 666MHz, CW TONE, DVB-T MODE -30 WIDEBAND DETECTOR -35 -40 -45 -50 NARROWBAND DETECTOR -55 DVB-T MODE 30 0 -60 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1 2 3 4 5 6 DETECTOR THRESHOLD SETTING /1 MODE (16MHz) fXTAL = 16MHz 0.6 MAX3543 toc11 REFOUT VOLTAGE vs. TIME 0.9 REFOUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner 0.3 0 -0.3 -0.6 /4 MODE (4MHz) -0.9 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 TIME (µs) 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner PIN NAME 1 RFINH 2 RFGND1 FUNCTION High-Frequency RF Input. Matched to 75I over the operating band. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor. RF Ground. Bypass to the PCB’s ground plane with a 1000pF capacitor. Keep traces as short as possible to minimize inductance to ground plane. Do not connect RFGND1 and RFGND2 together. 3 RFVGC 4 VCCIF 5 RFGND2 RF Ground. Bypass to the PCB’s ground plane with a 1000pF capacitor. Keep traces as short as possible to minimize inductance to ground plane. Do not connect RFGND1 and RFGND2 together. 6 IFOUT1A Dual-Mode DTV IF Output. In single-ended mode, this pin is the IF signal output. In differential mode, this pin is the positive terminal of the differential IF output. 7 IFOUT1B Dual-Mode DTV IF Output. In single-ended mode, this pin is the SAW filter bandwidth switch. In differential mode, this pin is the negative terminal of the differential IF output. 8 IFVGC IF VGA Gain Control Voltage. Accepts a DC voltage from 0.5V to 3V. 9 ADDR 2-Wire Serial-Interface Address Line. This pin sets the device address for the I2C-compatible serial interface. There are three selectable addresses based on the state of this pin: logic-low, logic-high, or unconnected. 10, 11 RF VGA Gain Control Voltage. Accepts a DC voltage from 0.5V to 3V. IF Power Supply. Requires a 600I series ferrite bead to a bypass capacitor to ground. IFIN-, IFIN+ Differential IF VGA Input. Connect to the IF filter output. 12, 17, 26 GND Ground. Connect pin to paddle ground to minimize trace inductance. 13, 27, 29, 39 VCC Power-Supply Connections. Bypass each supply pin with a separate 1000pF capacitor to ground. 14 IFOUT2 15, 16 Single-Ended IF Output. Connect to the analog demodulator input. Requires a 1000pF DC-blocking capacitor. DTVOUT-, Differential IF VGA Output. Connect to the demodulator input. Requires a 1000pF DC-blocking capacitor. DTVOUT+ 18 REFOUT Crystal Output to Drive Baseband IC. Output frequency is fXTAL or fXTAL/4. 19 VCCDIG Digital Supply. Requires a 15I series resistor to a 1FF bypass capacitor. 20 SCL 21 XTALB Crystal Oscillator Base. Connect to the crystal through a DC-blocking capacitor and connect a capacitor to XTALE. 22 XTALE Crystal Oscillator Emitter. Connect a capacitor to ground and a capacitor to XTALB. 23 REFDIV Reference Frequency Divider Control. Three modes are available depending on the state of this pin: high = fXTAL/1, low = fXTAL/4, unconnected = state determined by register. Note: Power-up state of register is not guaranteed; therefore, unconnected mode should only be used if the controller can reprogram I2C in any of the divider settings. 24 SDA 2-Wire Serial Clock Interface. Connect to the serial bus and ensure the bus includes an approximately 5kI pullup resistor. 2-Wire Serial Data Interface. Connect to serial bus and ensure the bus includes an approximately 5kI pullup resistor. 25 TUNE PLL Charge-Pump Output and TUNE Input. Connect to the PLL loop filter. 28 LDOBYP Bypass for On-Chip VCO LDO. Bypass to ground with a 0.47FF capacitor. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX3543 Pin Description MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Pin Description (continued) PIN NAME 30 TFVL1* VHF Low Tracking Filter 1 31 TFVL2* VHF Low Tracking Filter 2 32 TFVH1* VHF High Tracking Filter 1 33 TFVH2* VHF High Tracking Filter 2 34 TFU1* 35 TFU2A* UHF Tracking Filter 2A 36 TFU2B* UHF Tracking Filter 2B 37 TFU3* 38 LEXT* RF VGA Supply Voltage. Connect through a 270nH pullup inductor to VCC. 40 RFINL Low-Frequency RF Input. Matched to 75I over the operating band. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor. — FUNCTION UHF Tracking Filter 1 UHF Tracking Filter 3 EP (GND) Exposed Paddle Ground. Solder evenly to the PCB ground plane for proper operation. *Improper placement of these inductors degrades image rejection, gain, and noise figure. Copy Maxim reference design layout exactly in this area. Detailed Description I2C-Compatible Serial Interface The MAX3543 uses a 2-wire I2C-compatible serial interface consisting of a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). SDA and SCL facilitate bidirectional communication between the MAX3543 and the master at clock frequencies up to 400kHz. The master initiates a data transfer on the bus and generates the SCL signal to permit data transfer. The MAX3543 behaves as a slave device that transfers and receives data to and from the master. Pull SDA and SCL high with external pullup resistors for proper bus operation. One bit is transferred during each SCL clock cycle. A minimum of nine clock cycles is required to transfer a byte in or out of the MAX3543 (8 data bits and an ACK/ NACK). The data on SDA must remain stable during the high period of the SCL clock pulse. Changes in SDA while SCL is high and stable are considered control signals (see the START and STOP Conditions section). Both SDA and SCL remain high when the bus is not busy. START and STOP Conditions The master initiates a transmission with a START condition (S), which is a high-to-low transition on SDA while SCL is high. The master terminates a transmission with a STOP condition (P), which is a low-to-high transition on SDA while SCL is high. Acknowledge and Not-Acknowledge Conditions Data transfers are framed with an acknowledge bit (ACK) or a not-acknowledge bit (NACK). Both the master and the MAX3543 (slave) generate acknowledge bits. To generate an acknowledge, the receiving device must pull SDA low before the rising edge of the acknowledgerelated clock pulse (ninth pulse) and keep it low during the high period of the clock pulse. To generate a not-acknowledge condition, the receiver allows SDA to be pulled high before the rising edge of the acknowledge-related clock pulse, and leaves SDA high during the high period of the clock pulse. Monitoring the acknowledge bits allows for detection of unsuccessful data transfers. An unsuccessful data transfer happens if a receiving device is busy or if a system fault has occurred. In the event of an unsuccessful data transfer, the bus master must reattempt communication at a later time. Slave Address The MAX3543 has a 7-bit slave address plus one R/W bit. These 8 bits must be sent to the device following a START condition to initiate communication. The slave address is determined by the state of the ADDR pin as shown in Table 2. Table 2. Address Configurations ADDR PIN ADDR2 ADDR1 WRITE ADDRESS READ ADDRESS 0 0 0 0xC0 0xC1 Unconnected 0 1 0xC2 0xC3 1 1 0 0xC4 0xC5 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner S 1 1 0 0 0 ADDR2 ADDR1 R/W ACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 P SDA SCL NOTE: TIMING PARAMETERS CONFORM WITH I2C BUS SPECIFICATIONS. Figure 1. MAX3543 Slave Address Byte. Example shows read address 0x0C1 (ADDR pin grounded). The MAX3543 continuously awaits a START condition followed by its slave address. When the device recognizes its slave address, it acknowledges by pulling the SDA line low for one clock period; it is ready to accept or send data depending on the R/W bit (Figure 1). Write Cycle When addressed with a write command, the MAX3543 allows the master to write to a single register or to multiple successive registers. A write cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START condition followed by the 7 slave address bits and a write bit (R/W = 0). The MAX3543 issues an ACK if the slave address byte is successfully received. The bus master must then send to the slave the address of the first register it wishes to write to. If the slave acknowledges the address, the master can then write 1 byte to the register at the specified address. Data is written beginning with the most significant bit. The MAX3543 again issues an ACK if the data is successfully written to the register. The master can continue to write data to the successive internal registers with the MAX3543 acknowledging each successful transfer, or it can terminate transmission by issuing a STOP condition. The write cycle does not terminate until the master issues a STOP condition. START WRITE DEVICE ADDRESS 11000[ADDR2][ADDR1] R/W ACK 0 — WRITE REGISTER ADDRESS 0x00 ACK — Figure 2 illustrates an example in which registers 0, 1, and 2 are written with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, respectively. Read Cycle A read cycle begins with the bus master issuing a START condition followed by the 7 slave address bits and a write bit (R/W = 0). The MAX3543 issues an ACK if the slave address byte is successfully received. The master then sends the 8-bit address of the first register that it wishes to read. The MAX3543 then issues another ACK. Next, the master must issue a START condition followed by the 7 slave address bits and a read bit (R/W = 1). The MAX3543 issues an ACK if it successfully recognizes its address and begins sending data from the specified register address starting with the most significant bit (MSB). Data is clocked out of the MAX3543 on the rising edge of SCL. On the ninth rising edge of SCL, the master can issue an ACK and continue reading successive registers or it can issue a NACK followed by a STOP condition to terminate transmission. The read cycle does not terminate until the master issues a STOP condition. Figure 3 illustrates an example in which registers 0 and 1 are read back. WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x00 0x0E ACK — WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x01 0xD8 ACK — WRITE DATA TO REGISTER 0x02 0xE1 ACK STOP — Figure 2. Example: Write registers 0, 1, and 2 with 0x0E, 0xD8, and 0xE1, respectively. START WRITE DEVICE WRITE DEVICE WRITE 1ST REGISTER ACK R/W ACK R/W ACK ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS START — — 110000[ADDR2][ADDR1] 1 110000[ADDR2][ADDR1] 0 — 0x00 READ DATA ACK REG 0 — D7–D0 READ DATA NACK REG 1 STOP — D7–D0 Figure 3. Example: Read data from registers 0 and 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX3543 SLAVE ADDRESS MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Control Register Description The MAX3543 includes 18 programmable registers, two status registers (read only), one register for ROM readback (read only), and one for Maxim use only. The programmable registers configure the VCO settings, PLL settings, detector and AGC settings, state control, bias adjustments, individual block shutdown, and the tracking filter frequency. These programmable registers are also readable. The read-only registers include two status registers and a ROM table data register. Typical bit settings are provided only for user convenience and are not guaranteed at power-up. All registers must be written no earlier than 100Fs after power-up or recovery from a brownout event (i.e., when VCC drops below 1V) to initialize the registers. Then follow up by rewriting the registers needed for channel/frequency programming (i.e., registers R00–R04). The typical values listed in Table 3 configure the MAX3543 for DTV reception with 16MHz crystal, 8MHz channel BW, 36.15MHz IF center frequency, differential LC bandpass filter, and 666MHz RF center frequency. Table 3. Register Configuration REG REG ADDR NAME 0x00 R00 REGISTER FUNCTION TYPICAL MSB SETTING 7 VCO 4C BIT LOCATION 6 5 4 VCO[1:0] LSB 3 2 1 VSUB[3:0] 0x01 R01 NDIV INT 2B 0x02 R02 NDIV FRAC2 8E 0x03 R03 NDIV FRAC1 26 F[15:8] 0x04 R04 NDIV FRAC0 (VAS Trigger) 66 F[7:0] 0x05 R05 MODE CTRL D8 0x06 R06 TFS 30 0x07 R07 TFP 0x08 R08 0x09 0x0A 0 VDIV[1:0] NINT[7:0] CPS CP RDIV[1:0] LNA2G RFIN RFLPF 12 — — SHUTDOWN 00 STBY SDRF SDMIX R09 REF CONFIG 0A — — — R0A VAS CONFIG 17 F[19:16] CHBW TFB[1:0] IFSEL[1:0] TFS[7:0] LFDIV[1:0] TFP[5:0] VASS SDIF SDIFVG VAS 0x0B R0B PWRDET CFG1 43 DWPD R0C PWRDET CFG2 01 — — WPDA[2:0] 0x0D R0D FILT CF ADJ ROM — — 0x0E R0E ROM ADDR 00 — — 0x0F R0F IRHR ROM IRHR[7:0] 0x10 R10 ROM READBACK RO ROMR[7:0] SDSYN — XODIV ADE LTC[1:0] DNPD — SDVCO ALC[1:0] ADL 0x0C — SDPD CPLIN[1:0] NPDA[2:0] PULLUP RFIFD[1:0] CFSET[5:0] — VVCO[1:0] — ROMA[3:0] 0x11 R11 VAS STATUS RO 0x12 R12 GEN STATUS RO — — VVSB[3:0] 0x13 R13 BIAS ADJ 56 — MIXGM 0x14 R14 TEST1 40 RESERVED 0x15 R15 ROM WRITE DATA 00 ROMW[7:0] VCP TRIM LNA2B[1:0] VASA POR VASE VCOADC[2:0] MIXB[1:0] FILTB IFVGAB Note: Registers should be written in the order of ascending addresses. When changing frequency, write R00 to R07 in order of ascending addresses to ensure proper VCO setup. 10 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Table 4. R00: VCO Register—VCO and LO Divider Control (Address: 00h) BIT NAME VCO[1:0] VSUB[3:0] VDIV[1:0] BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7:6 5:2 1:0 TYPICAL SETTING FUNCTION 01 VCO select. Selects one of three VCOs when VAS = 0, or selects the VCO starting band when VASS = 0. 00 = Selects VCO1 (approximately 2200MHz to 2800MHz) 01 = Selects VCO2 (approximately 2800MHz to 3500MHz) 10 = Selects VCO3 (approximately 3500MHz to 4400MHz) 11 = VCO shutdown 0011 VCO sub-band select. Selects one of 16 possible VCO sub-bands when VAS = 0, or selects the VCO starting sub-band when VASS = 0. 0000 = Selects SB0 … 1111 = Selects SB15 00 VCO divider ratio select. 00 = Sets VCO divider to 4 (use when fLO > 550MHz) 01 = Sets VCO divider to 8 (use when 275MHz < fLO < 550MHz) 10 = Sets VCO divider to 16 (use when 137.5MHz < fLO < 275MHz) 11 = Sets VCO divider to 32 (use when fLO < 137.5MHz) Table 5. R01: NDIV INT Register—Integer Part of N-Divider (Address: 01h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING NINT[7:0] 7:0 0010 1011 FUNCTION Sets the PLL integer divide number (N) Table 6. R02: NDIV FRAC2 Register—N-Divider Fractional Part [19:16] and R-Divider (Address: 02h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING CPS 7 1 Sets the charge-pump current-selection mode between automatic and manual. Must set to 1 for proper operation. CP 6 0 For Maxim use only Reference divider. 00 = /1 01 = /2 1X = Maxim use only RDIV[1:0] 5:4 00 F[19:16] 3:0 1110 FUNCTION N-divider fractional part bits 19:16 (out of 19:0) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX3543 Register and Bit Descriptions MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Table 7. R03: NDIV FRAC1 Register—N-Divider Fractional Part [15:8] (Address: 03h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING F[15:8] 7:0 0010 0110 FUNCTION N-divider fractional part bits 15:8 (out of 19:0) Table 8. R04: NDIV FRAC0 Register—N-Divider Fractional Part [7:0] (Address: 04h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING FUNCTION F[7:0] 7:0 0110 0110 N-divider fractional part bits 7:0 (out of 19:0). Writing this register also triggers VCO autoselect (VAS). Table 9. R05: MODE CTRL Register—Mode Control (Address: 05h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING LNA2G 7 1 Premixer gain configuration. Set to 1 for nominal gain. Set to 0 for approximately 2.5dB reduced gain. RFIN 6 1 0 = Selects RFINL input (for fRF < 345MHz) 1 = Selects RFINH input (for fRF > 345MHz) RFLPF 5 0 0 = Disables RF LPF (for fRF > 110MHz) 1 = Enables RF LPF (for fRF < 110MHz) CHBW 4 1 0 = Sets IF BW to 7MHz mode 1 = Sets IF BW to 8MHz mode 10 Selects the tracking filter band of operation. 00 = VHFL (for fRF < 196MHz) 01 = VHFH (for 196MHz < fRF < 440MHz 10 = UHF (for fRF > 440MHz) 11 = Unused 00 IF output selection. 00 = IFOUT1 DTV differential mode (for driving a differential bandpass filter) 01 = IFOUT1 DTV single-ended (for driving a switched BW single-ended SAW filter) 10 = IFOUT2 ATV single-ended 11 = Unused TFB[1:0] IFSEL[1:0] 3:2 1:0 FUNCTION Table 10. R06: TFS Register—Tracking Filter Series Capacitor (Address: 06h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING TFS[7:0] 7:0 N/A FUNCTION Programs series capacitor values in the tracking filter. The value is determined from the values in the ROM table applied to an equation executed in the Maximprovided device driver code. 12 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING EMPTY 7:6 00 Empty TFP[5:0] 5:0 N/A Programs parallel capacitor values in the tracking filter. The value is determined from the values in the ROM table applied to an equation executed in the Maximprovided device driver code. FUNCTION Table 12. R08: SHUTDOWN Register—Shutdown Control (Address: 08h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING STBY 7 0 Standby. 1 = All circuits shut down except crystal oscillator and REFOUT FUNCTION SDRF 6 0 RF shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. SDMIX 5 0 Mixer shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. SDIF 4 0 IF shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. SDIFVG 3 0 IF VGA shutdown. 0 = IF VGA enabled 1 = IF VGA disabled SDPD 2 0 Power-detector shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. SDSYN 1 0 Frequency synthesizer shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. SDVCO 0 0 VCO shutdown. Must set to 0 for proper operation. Table 13. R09: REF CONFIG Register—Reference Oscillator Configuration (Address: 09h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING FUNCTION EMPTY 7:5 000 Empty CPLIN[1:0] 4:3 01 Must set to 01 for proper operation ALC[1:0] 2:1 01 Must set to 01 for proper operation XODIV 0 0 Sets crystal oscillator divider for REFOUT signal when REFDIV pin is unconnected. 0: fREFOUT = fXTAL/4 1: fREFOUT = fXTAL ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX3543 Table 11. R07: TFP Register—Tracking Filter Parallel Capacitor (Address: 07h) MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Table 14. R0A: VAS CONFIG Register—VCO Autoselect Configuration (Address: 0Ah) BIT NAME LFDIV[1:0] BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7:6 TYPICAL SETTING FUNCTION 00 Sets the low-frequency clock divider. 00 = Use for 16MHz P fREF < 20MHz 01 = Use for 20MHz P fREF < 28MHz 10 = Use for 28MHz P fREF P 32MHz 11 = Unused VASS 5 0 Controls the VCO autoselect (VAS) start conditions function. 0 = VAS starts from the current VCO/VCOSB loaded in the VCO[1:0] and VSUB[3:0] bits (in R00) 1 = VAS starts from the currently used VCO and VCOSB VAS 4 1 Controls the VCO autoselect (VAS) function. Must set to 1 for proper operation. 0 Enables or disables the VCO tuning voltage ADC latch when the VCO autoselect (VAS) mode is disabled. 0 = Disables the ADC latch 1 = Latches the ADC value ADL 3 ADE 2 0 Enables or disables VCO tuning voltage ADC read when the VCO autoselect (VAS) mode is disabled. 0 = Disables ADC read 1 = Enables ADC read LTC[1:0] 1:0 10 Sets the VCO autoselect wait time. Must set to 10 for proper operation. Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in states 0001 0010, 0101 0010, and 1001 0010. All other states are untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production. Table 15. R0B: PWRDET CFG1 Register—Power-Detector Configuration 1 of 2 (Address: 0Bh) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING DWPD 7 0 WPDA[2:0] 6:4 100 DNPD 3 0 NPDA[2:0] 2:0 011 FUNCTION Enables or disables wideband power detector. 0 = Enables wideband power detector. Use this state for autonomous RFAGC. 1 = Disables wideband power detector Sets the wideband power-detector attack point (takeover point). 000 = Min 100 = Nom (see the Typical Operating Characteristics) 111 = Max Enables or disables narrowband power detector. 0 = Enables narrowband detector. Use this state for autonomous RFAGC. 1 = Disables narrowband detector Sets the narrowband power-detector attack point (takeover point). 000 = Min 011 = Nom (see the Typical Operating Characteristics) 111 = Max Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in state X100 X011, where X can be either 0 or 1. All other states are untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production. 14 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING EMPTY 7:3 0000 0 PULLUP 2 0 Must set to 0 for proper operation 01 RF IF AGC diode voltage. 00 = Approximately 0.6V 01 = Approximately 0.95V 10 = Approximately 1.3V 11 = Off RFIFD[1:0] 1:0 FUNCTION Empty Table 17. R0D: FILT CF ADJ Register—IF Filter Center Frequency and BW Adjustment (Address: 0Dh) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING EMPTY 7:6 00 CFSET[5:0] 5:0 ROM FUNCTION Empty Sets the IF filter center frequency and bandwidth. For proper operation, must read value from ROM address A[5:0] and write that value to this register. Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in factory-trimmed state from ROM table. All other states are untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production. Table 18. R0E: ROM ADDR Register—ROM Address (Address: 0Eh) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING EMPTY 7:4 00 ROMA[3:0] 3:0 0000 FUNCTION Empty Address bits of the ROM register to be read or written. Must set to 0000 when not reading the ROM table. Table 19. R0F: IRHR Register (Address: 0Fh) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING IRHR[7:0] 7:0 ROM FUNCTION For proper operation, must read value from ROM address B[7:0] and write that value to this register. Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in factory-trimmed state from ROM table. All other states are untested and may not function correctly. Table 20. R10: ROM READBACK Register—ROM Readback (Address: 10h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING ROMR[7:0] 7:0 N/A FUNCTION Data bits read from the ROM table address as specified by R0E[3:0] ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX3543 Table 16. R0C: PWRDET CFG2 Register—Power-Detector Configuration 2 of 2 (Address: 0Ch) MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Table 21. R11: VAS STATUS Register—VCO Autoselect Status (Address: 11h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING FUNCTION Indicates which VCO has been selected by either the autoselect state machine or by manual selection when the VSA state machine is disabled. See the R00 description for the VCO[1:0] definition. Indicates which sub-band of a particular VCO has been selected by either the VVSB[3:0] 5:2 N/A autoselect state machine or by manual selection when the VSA state machine is disabled. See the R00 description for the VSUB[3:0] definition. Indicates whether VCO autoselection was successful. VASA 1 N/A 0 = Indicates the autoselect function is disabled or unsuccessful VCO selection 1 = Indicates successful VCO autoselection Status indicator for the autoselect function. VASE 0 N/A 0 = Indicates the autoselect function is active 1 = Indicates the autoselect process is inactive Note: Not production tested or guaranteed functional. VVCO[1:0] 7:6 N/A Table 22. R12: GEN STATUS Register—General Status (Address: 12h) EMPTY BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7:6 TYPICAL SETTING N/A VCP 5 N/A Maxim use only TRIM 4 N/A Maxim use only POR 3 N/A Maxim use only N/A VCO tuning voltage indicators. 000 = PLL not in lock, tune to the next lowest sub-band 001 to 110 = PLL in lock 111 = PLL not in lock, tune to the next higher sub-band BIT NAME VCOADC [2:0] 2:0 FUNCTION Empty Note: Not production tested or guaranteed functional. Table 23. R13: BIAS ADJ Register—Bias Adjustments (Address: 13h) EMPTY BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) 7 TYPICAL SETTING 0 MIXGM 6 1 Mixer gain setting. Set to 0 for ATV mode. Set to 1 for DTV mode. 01 LNA bias. 00 = Unused 01 = Nominal setting. Use for all standards except SECAM L/L’. 10 = Unused 11 = Highest linearity setting. Use for SECAM L/L’. BIT NAME LNA2B[1:0] 5:4 FUNCTION Empty MIXB[1:0] 3:2 01 Mixer bias. 00 = Unused 01 = Nominal setting. Use for all standards except SECAM L/L’. 10 = Unused 11 = Highest linearity setting. Use for SECAM L/L’. FILTB 1 1 Must set to 1 for proper operation IF VGA bias. 0 = Default 1 = Highest current (approximately nominal + 6mA) Note: Only production tested and guaranteed functional in state 0XX1 X11X, where X can be either 0 or 1. All other states are untested and may not function correctly. Contact Maxim if untested settings will be used in production. IFVGAB 0 0 16 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING RESERVED 7:0 0100 0000 MAX3543 Table 24. R14: TEST1 Register (Address: 14h) FUNCTION Must set to 0100 0000 for proper operation Note: This register is not available to the end user. Table 25. R15: ROM WRITE DATA Register (Address: 15h) BIT NAME BIT LOCATION (0 = LSB) TYPICAL SETTING ROMW[7:0] 7:0 N/A FUNCTION Maxim use only Note: This register is not available to the end user. Applications Information RF Inputs and Filters The MAX3543 features separate low- and high-frequency inputs. These two inputs are combined to a single input by an off-chip diplexer circuit as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. When the desired channel is less than 345MHz, use RFINL. When the desired input is greater than 345MHz, use RFINH. Further, when the desired input is less than 110MHz, an internal lowpass filter should be enabled to limit high-frequency interference incident at the mixer input. The lowpass filter is enabled by the RFLPF bit in R05[5]. Besides selecting the appropriate input port and setting RFLPF appropriately, one of three tracking filters must be chosen based on the desired frequency. Set TFB (R05[3:2]) to select VHFL, VHFH, or UHF tracking filter bands. Use VHFL when the desired frequency is less than 196MHz, use VHFH when the desired frequency is between 196MHz and 440MHz, or use UHF when the desired frequency is greater than 440MHz. RF Gain Control The MAX3543 is designed to control its own RF gain based on internally measured signal and blocker levels. The user can adjust the AGC attack points (takeover points) by setting WDPA and NDPA in register R0B. Alternatively, the user can control the RF gain by driving the RFVGC input pin. VCO and VCO Divider Selection The MAX3543 frequency synthesizer includes three VCOs with 16 sub-bands for each VCO. These VCOs and sub-bands are selected to best center the VCO near the operating frequency. This selection process is performed automatically by the VAS circuitry. The Maxim driver software seeds the VCO starting band for fastest selection time. In addition to VCO selection, a VCO divider value of 32, 16, 8, or 4 must be selected to provide the desired mixer LO drive frequency. The divider is selected by VDIV in register R00[1:0]. Reading the ROM Table The MAX3543 includes 13 ROM registers to store factory calibration data (see Table 26). Each ROM table entry must be read using a two-step process. First, the address of the ROM bits to be read must be programmed into the ROM ADDR register (R0E[3:0]). Once the address has been programmed, the data stored in that address is automatically transferred to the ROM READBACK register (R10[7:0]). The ROM data at the specified address can then be read from the ROM READBACK register and stored in the microprocessor’s local memory. After all ROM registers have been read and stored in the microprocessor’s local memory, ROM ADDR must be programmed to 00 for proper operation. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Table 26. ROM Table DESCRIPTION ADDR MSB BIAS 0x0 VHF-Low Tracking Filter. VLS0, VLS1, VLP0, VLP1 VHF-High Tracking Filter. VHS0, VHS1, VHP0, VHP1 UHF Tracking Filter. US0, US1, UP0, UP1 DATA BYTE Unused LSB BIAS[3:0] 0x1 VLS0[5] VLS0[4] VLS0[3] VLS0[2] VLS0[1] VLS0[0] VLS1[5] VLS1[4] 0x2 VLS1[3] VLS1[2] VLS1[1] VLS1[0] VLP0[5] VLP0[4] VLP0[3] VLP0[2] 0x3 VLP0[1] VLP0[0] VLP1[5] VLP1[4] VLP1[3] VLP1[2] VLP1[1] VLP1[0] 0x4 VHS0[5] VHS0[4] VHS0[3] VHS0[2] VHS0[1] VHS0[0] VHS1[5] VHS1[4] 0x5 VHS1[3] VHS1[2] VHS1[1] VHS1[0] VHP0[5] VHP0[4] VHP0[3] VHP0[2] 0x6 VHP0[1] VHP0[0] VHP1[5] VHP1[4] VHP1[3] VHP1[2] VHP1[1] VHP1[0] 0x7 US0[5] US0[4] US0[3] US0[2] US0[1] US0[0] US1[5] US1[4] 0x8 US1[3] US1[2] US1[1] US1[0] UP0[5] UP0[4] UP0[3] UP0[2] UP1[0] 0x9 UP0[1] UP0[0] UP1[5] UP1[4] UP1[3] UP1[2] UP1[1] IF Filter 0xA Unused Unused C[5] C[4] C[3] C[2] C[1] C[0] IRHR 0xB IRHR[7] IRHR[6] IRHR[5] IRHR[4] IRHR[3] IRHR[2] IRHR[1] IRHR[0] Reserved 0xC Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Setting RF Tracking Filter Codes The MAX3543 includes a programmable tracking filter for each band of operation to optimize rejection of outof-band interference while minimizing insertion loss for the desired received signal. The center frequency of each tracking filter is selected by a switched-capacitor array that is programmed by the TFS[7:0] bits in the R06 register and the TFP[5:0] bits in the R07 register. Optimal tracking filter settings for each channel vary from part to part due to process variations. To accommodate part-to-part variations, each part is factory calibrated by Maxim. During calibration the correction factors for the series and parallel tracking capacitor arrays are calculated and written into an internal ROM table. The user must read the ROM table upon power-up and store the data in local memory (8 bytes total) to calculate the optimal TFS and TFP settings for each channel. The equation for setting TFS and TFP at each channel is available in the device driver code provided by Maxim. Table 26 shows the address and bits for each ROM table entry. Layout Recommendations IMPORTANT: The MAX3543 includes on-chip tracking filters that utilize external inductors placed on the PCB at pins 30 through 37. Because the tracking filters operate at frequencies up to 862MHz, they are sensitive to the inductor and PCB trace parasitics. To achieve the optimal RF performance (gain, noise figure, and image rejection), MAX3543 is production tested and trimmed with the exact same inductors, their relative location and orientation, and the trace parasitics present on the MAX3543 Reference Design. To avoid performance degradation, PCB designs should exactly copy the RF section of the Reference Design layout and use the inductors specified in the Reference Design bill of materials. Contact Maxim to obtain the Reference Design layout to use as a starting point for PCB designs. In addition to the aforementioned requirements, follow general good RF layout practices. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to minimize losses and radiation. Use controlled impedance on all high-frequency traces. The exposed paddle must be soldered evenly to the board’s ground plane for proper operation. Use abundant vias beneath the exposed paddle and maximize the area of continuous ground plane around the paddle on the bottom layer for maximum heat dissipation. Use abundant ground vias between RF traces to minimize undesired coupling. To minimize coupling between different sections of the IC, the ideal power-supply layout is a star configuration, which has a large decoupling capacitor at the central VCC node. The VCC traces branch out from this node, with each trace going to separate VCC pins of the MAX3543. Each VCC pin must have a bypass capacitor with a low impedance to ground at the frequency of interest. Do not share ground vias among multiple connections to the PCB ground plane. 18 ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE No. LAND PATTERN NO. 40 TQFN-EP T4066+2 21-0141 90-0053 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 19 MAX3543 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. MAX3543 Multiband Analog and Digital Television Tuner Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 10/09 Initial release 1 4/10 Updated Applications, extended Frequency specification in AC Electrical Characteristics, and updated Tables 14, 15, and 23 to enable some features 2 7/10 Corrected Figure 3 DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED — 1, 3, 14, 16 9 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 20 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.