FAN5665 High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Features Description 5V Fixed Output Voltage The FAN5665 is a 5V switched capacitor step-up DC/DC converter with an input voltage range from 2.9V to 5.5V. Switch reconfiguration and fractional switching techniques are utilized to achieve high efficiency over the entire input voltage range. Minimum External Components High-efficiency, Low-frequency Operation at Light Loads Low Quiescent Current 30mA Maximum Output Current Built-in Charge Pump with Three Modes of Operation: 1×, 1.5×, and 2× The FAN5665 includes built-in under-voltage lockout, short circuit, and thermal protection circuitry. Flying Capacitors Only 0.22µF The FAN5665 is available in an 8-bump 0.4mm pitch WLCSP package. Low-noise, Constant-frequency Operation (1.2MHz) at Heavy Loads C1- Up to 92% Efficiency GND EN C1 0.22µF 2.9V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range +2.9 to 5.5V VIN C1+ Soft-start for Limiting Inrush Current C IN Input Under-Voltage Lockout Protection (UVLO) 2.2µF +5V Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) VOUT C2+ C2- C OUT 2.2µF Thermal Shutdown Protection (TSD) 8-bump 1.21 x 1.21mm, 0.4mm Pitch WLCSP C2 0.22µF Applications USB I/O Supply Regulators Figure 1. Typical Application Cell Phones, Smart-Phones Pocket PCs PDA, DSC, PMP, and MP3 Players Ordering Information Part Number Operating Temperature Range FAN5665UCX -40°C to +85°C Package 8-Lead Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package (WLCSP), 1.21x1.21mm Packing Method Tape and Reel All packages are lead free per JEDEC: J-STD-020B standard. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost February 2008 Figure 2. Pin Configuration Pin Definitions Pin # Name Description A1 C1- Bucket capacitor 1. Connect this pin to the negative terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. A2 GND Ground. A3 EN Enable. Enables the IC when high. Disables the IC when low and enters shutdown mode. No internal pull-up or pull-down; this pin should not be left floating. B1 C1+ Bucket capacitor 1. Connect this pin to the positive terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. B3 VIN Power input. C1 VOUT C2 C2+ Bucket capacitor 2. Connect this pin to the positive terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. C3 C2- Bucket capacitor 2. Connect this pin to the negative terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Pin Configuration Regulated 5V output. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol VIN Parameter Min. Max. Unit VIN Pin –0.3 +6.0 V EN, VOUT, C1+, C1-, C2+, C2- Pins –0.3 +6.0 V TJ Junction Temperature –40 +150 °C TSTG Storage Temperature –65 +150 °C +260 °C TL ESD Lead Soldering Temperature, 10 Seconds Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 3.5 Charged Device Model, JESD22-C101 kV 2 Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol Parameter VIN Power Supply Range IOUT Output Current Min. Typ. Max. Unit 2.9 5.5 V 0 30 mA TA Operating Ambient Temperature Range –40 +85 °C TJ Operating Junction Temperature Range –40 +125 °C CIN, COUT C1, C2 Input, output capacitor 2.2 µF Bucket capacitor 0.22 µF FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Properties Symbol ΘJA Parameter Min. Typ. (1) Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance 170 Max. Units °C/W Note: 1. Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is a function of application and board layout. This data is measured with four-layer boards in accordance with JESD51- JEDEC standard. Special attention must be paid not to exceed maximum junction temperature (TJ) at a given ambient temperate (TA). © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 2.9V to 5.5V, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, and test circuit is Figure 1. Typical values are at TA = 25°C, VIN = 3.6V. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units VIN = 3.6V 0.1 1.0 µA VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 0mA 190 300 VIN = 5.5V, IOUT = 0mA 108 200 Power Supplies ISD Shutdown Current IDD Quiescent Current VIH Enable High-level Input Voltage VIL Enable Low-level Input Voltage IIH Enable Pin Input Current EN = 1.8V VHUVLO Under-voltage Lockout High Threshold VIN Rising 2.60 VLUVLO Under-voltage Lockout Low Threshold VIN Falling 2.30 1.1 V 0.01 UVLO Hysteresis µA 0.4 V 1.00 µA 2.80 V 2.60 250 V mV Regulation VOUT Voltage Accuracy VOUT_RIPPLE Output Voltage Ripple ISC TSD Short-Circuit Current Limit Thermal Shutdown 4.85 5.00 VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 2mA 25 VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 30mA 15 VOUT < 150mV 45 55 Rising Temperature 150 Hysteresis 20 5.15 V mVpp 80 mA °C Timing fOSC tss Internal Oscillator Frequency Soft-start VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 20mA 0.9 VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 2mA 40 EN = 0 to 1 1.2 1.5 MHz 49 65 kHz 570 950 (2) FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Electrical Characteristics µs Note: 2. Guaranteed by design. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 4 Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. 1.2163 50.0 Switching Frequency (MHz) Switching Frequency (kHz) 50.5 IOUT=2mA 49.5 49.0 48.5 48.0 47.5 IOUT=20mA 1.2042 1.1921 1.1800 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 2.9 3.4 Input Voltage (V) Figure 3. Light-Load Switching Frequency vs. Input Voltage 4.9 1.34 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=2mA 70 Switching Frequecy (MHz) Switching Frequecy (kHz) 4.4 Figure 4. Heavy-Load Switching Frequency vs. Input Voltage 80 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -40 -15 10 35 60 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=20mA 1.32 1.30 1.28 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 1.14 85 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 5. Light-Load Switching Frequency vs. Temperature Figure 6. Heavy-Load Switching Frequency vs. Temperature 250 300 IOUT=0mA Quiescent Current (µA) Quiescent Current (μ A) 3.9 Input Voltage (V) FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics 200 150 100 50 IOUT= 0mA 250 VIN =3.6V 200 150 100 50 VIN =5.5V 0 0 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 -40 5.4 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) Input Voltage (V) Figure 7. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 -15 Figure 8. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature www.fairchildsemi.com 5 2.80 5.06 2.75 5.04 2.70 5.02 Output Voltage (V) UVLO Threshold (V) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. 2.65 UVLO Rising 2.60 2.55 UVLO Falling 2.50 2.45 VIN=5.5V 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 VIN=2.9V 4.90 2.35 -40 -15 10 35 60 0 85 5 10 Temperature (°C) 25 30 5.08 5.02 IOUT =1mA VIN=2.9V Output Voltage (V) 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 4.90 IOUT =20mA V IN=4V 5.06 5.00 4.88 IOUT=1mA 5.04 IOUT=20mA 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 IOUT =30mA IOUT=30mA 4.92 4.86 -40 -15 10 35 60 -40 85 -15 10 Figure 11. 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Output Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 12. 5.12 Output Voltage vs. Temperature 5.06 5.10 5.04 VIN=5.5V IOUT =1mA 5.08 5.06 Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) 20 Figure 10. Load Regulation 5.04 IOUT =20mA 5.04 5.02 5.00 IOUT =0mA IOUT =20mA 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 IOUT =30mA 4.98 IOUT =30mA 4.90 4.96 -40 -15 10 35 60 2.9 85 3.2 3.5 3.8 Figure 13. Output Voltage vs. Temperature 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 4.1 4.4 4.7 5 5.3 Input Voltage (V) Temperature (°C) Figure 14. Line Regulation Iout = 1mA 95 Iout = 5mA 90 Iout = 10mA Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 15 Output Current (mA) Figure 9. UVLO Threshold vs. Temperature Output Voltage (V) VIN=4.2V 4.92 2.40 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Iout = 20mA Iout = 30mA 85 VIN =5.5V 80 VIN=2.9V 75 70 VIN=4.3V 65 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.4 0 Input Voltage (V) 20 30 Output Current (mA) Figure 15. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 10 Figure 16. Efficiency vs. Output Current www.fairchildsemi.com 6 Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 17. Load Transient from 0 to 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 18. Load Transient from 30 to 0mA in 1× Mode Figure 19. Load Transient from 0 to 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 20. Load Transient from 30 to 0mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 21. Load Transient from 0 to 20mA in 2× Mode Figure 22. Load Transient from 20 to 0mA in 2× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 7 Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 23. Load Transient from 4 to 8mA in 2× Mode Figure 24. Load Transient from 8 to 4mA in 2× Mode Figure 25. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 26. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 27. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 28. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 8 Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 29. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode Figure 30. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode Figure 31. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 32. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 20mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 33. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode Figure 34. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 20mA in 2× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 9 Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 35. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 2mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 36. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 2mA in 2× Mode Figure 37. Line Transient 600mV Rising Figure 38. Line Transient 600mV Falling © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 10 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Block Diagram Figure 39. Block Diagram Functional Description Overview Light / Heavy Load Monitor FAN5665 is a 5V switched capacitor regulator with very low output ripple and high efficiency. The maximum output current is 30mA. In 1.5× / 2× mode, there is a current sense to detect the output current. If a light-load condition is detected, the device switches to a lower switching frequency around 50kHz. This frequency is a good compromise between achieving high light-load efficiency and not causing audible noise generation. If the load is heavy (typically more than 5mA), the device switches at 1.2MHz to decrease the output voltage ripple. Linear Regulation Loop The linear regulation loop (consisting of the power transistors, output feedback, and error amplifier), is used to regulate the output voltage and reduce current spikes at mode change. Protection FAN5665 has thermal shutdown protection when the die temperature is more than 150°C. It turns back off when the temperature falls by about 10°C. Soft-start At power-up, the device has 0.5ms soft-start to control the inrush current and make the output ramp up slowly. Short-circuit protection helps avoid damage to the device when the output is shorted to ground. Whenever output voltage is pulled below 150mV, short-circuit protection is triggered and limits the input current. If VOUT>150mV, protection is in the form of thermal shutdown if die temperature exceeds 150°C. Modes of Operation FAN5665 has 1×, 1.5×, and 2× modes. Input voltage is compared with reference to determine mode. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 The high switching frequency of 1.2MHz allows the use of small capacitors, but the material of the capacitor affects the input and output ripple, so the low-ESR capacitors are desirable. Another parameter affected by ESR is the efficiency. For proper operation, two ceramic bucket capacitors, along with one ceramic input capacitor and one ceramic output capacitor, are recommended (as shown in Figure 1). Bucket Capacitor Selection The bucket (flying) capacitor is usually the smallest capacitor in a charge pump circuit, but its ESR can play a significant role in determining the output voltage tolerance. Only ceramic capacitors are recommended in this position. The flying capacitance is determined by the switching frequency. At 1.2MHz, 0.22µF flying capacitors are suitable for most applications, but can be increased to improve the output tolerance. Depending on the material of the multilayer ceramic capacitor, a substantial amount of capacitance may be lost over a wide temperature range. At least X5R and X7R capacitors are recommended for their relatively stable temperature characteristics. Z5U- or Y5V-type capacitors are not recommended. The following table shows a typical recommended bucket capacitor. Input Capacitor Selection In general, the ripple on the input power rail also affects the output ripple. The lower the ESR of the input capacitor, the lower the input and output ripple. The input capacitor may need to be adjusted, both in its value and in its physical placement on the PCB, depending upon the characteristics of the voltage source proving the input power. In general, a 1 to 2µF ceramic capacitor placed close to the FAN5665 suffices. X5R and X7R capacitors provide adequate performance over -40ºC to +85ºC. The following table represents typical recommended input capacitors. Description Part Number Description GRM188R60J225KE19D Murata Capacitor 2.2µF, 20%, 6.3V, X5R, 0402 GRM155R60J225ME15D Murata Two parallel FAN5665s increase the output current. In such a configuration, the VIN, VOUT, GND, and EN pins of each IC should be connected together, but the respective C1 and C2 pins must be kept separate. Separate local input and output bypassing / decoupling may be required to reduce output noise and ripple. EN In general, multilayer ceramic capacitors are recommended for low ESR. The value of the output bulk capacitance in relation to the switching frequency of the converter also determines the overall output voltage ripple. A higher value of output capacitance reduces the voltage droop during load transients. Typically, the output capacitor can be 5 to 50 times larger than the bucket capacitor(s), depending on the desired output ripple tolerance. Both X5R- and X7R-rated capacitors provide adequate performance over a -40ºC to +85ºC temperature range. The following table contains typical recommended output capacitors. VOUT Part Number Murata Increasing Output Current Capability Output Capacitor Selection Description Vendor Capacitor 0.22µF, 10%, GRM155R60J224KE01D 6.3V, X5R, 0402 Vendor Capacitor 2.2µF, 10%, 6.3V, X5R, 0603 Part Number COUT 2.2µF C1 0.22µF EN +5V VIN C2- C1- C2+ EN VIN VOUT CIN 2.2µF GND C1+ FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Applications Information 2.9 to5.5V C2 V BAT 0.22µF CIN 2.2µF GND COUT 2.2µF C1 0.22µF C1+ C2- C1- C2+ C2 0.22µF Vendor Figure 40. Two FAN5665s in Parallel Capacitor 2.2µF, 10%, 6.3V, X5R, 0603 GRM188R60J225KE19D Murata Capacitor 2.2µF, 20%, 6.3V, X5R, 0402 GRM155R60J225ME15D Murata © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 12 LED Driver PCB Layout The FAN5665 can be configured as an LED driver, as shown in Figure 41. The constant current is generated by putting a resistor in series with the LED. The value of series resistor is dictated by the current through the LED. The maximum current that the FAN5665 can deliver is 30mA. The number of parallel branches and current through LEDs should be chosen according to the maximum output current. The PCB layout should be designed carefully due to the high switching frequency and corresponding transient currents. All the external capacitors should be connected very close to the pins of the IC. A clean board layout with a good ground plane ensures proper operation of the device. A PCB recommendation for a two-layer board is shown in Figure 42. Note that the bottom layer is a dedicated ground plane. VIN EN Enable C IN 2.2µF 0.22µF C2- C1+ C2+ C1- VOUT=5V C OUT 2.2µF C1 RS RS ILED=10mA C2 VOUT ILED=10mA GND 0.22µF Figure 41. LED Driver Example Circuit Figure 42. PCB Layout © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Applications Information (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 13 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Physical Dimensions Product D E X Y FAN5665UCX 1.210 +/- 0.030mm 1.210 +/- 0.030mm 0.205mm 0.205mm Figure 43. 8-Lead Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package (WLCSP) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/ © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 14 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 15