LT6600-2.5 Very Low Noise, Differential Amplifier and 2.5MHz Lowpass Filter FEATURES DESCRIPTION n The LT®6600-2.5 combines a fully differential amplifier with a 4th order 2.5MHz lowpass filter approximating a Chebyshev frequency response. Most differential amplifiers require many precision external components to tail or gain and bandwidth. In contrast, with the LT6600-2.5, two external resistors program differential gain, and the filter’s 2.5MHz cutoff frequency and passband ripple are internally set. The LT6600-2.5 also provides the necessary level shifting to set its output common mode voltage to accommodate the reference voltage requirements of A/Ds. n n n n n n n n ±0.6dB (Max) Ripple 4th Order Lowpass Filter with 2.5MHz Cutoff Programmable Differential Gain via Two External Resistors Adjustable Output Common Mode Voltage Operates and Specified with 3V, 5V, ±5V Supplies 86dB S/N with 3V Supply and 1VRMS Output Low Distortion, 1VRMS, 800Ω Load 1MHz: 95dBc 2nd, 88dBc 3rd Fully Differential Inputs and Outputs Compatible with Popular Differential Amplifier Pinouts SO-8 and DFN-12 Packages Using a proprietary internal architecture, the LT6600-2.5 integrates an antialiasing filter and a differential amplifier/driver without compromising distortion or low noise performance. At unity gain the measured in band signalto-noise ratio is an impressive 86dB. At higher gains the input referred noise decreases so the part can process smaller input differential signals without significantly degrading the output signal-to-noise ratio. APPLICATIONS n n n n High Speed ADC Antialiasing and DAC Smoothing in Networking or Cellular Base Station Applications High Speed Test and Measurement Equipment Medical Imaging Drop-in Replacement for Differential Amplifiers The LT6600-2.5 also features low voltage operation. The differential design provides outstanding performance for a 4VP-P signal level while the part operates with a single 3V supply. The LT6600-2.5 is available in SO-8 and DFN-12 packages. L, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. For similar devices with higher cutoff frequency, refer to the LT6600-5, LT6600-10, LT6600-15 and LT6600-20 data sheets. TYPICAL APPLICATION (S8 Pin Numbers Shown) DAC Output Filter DAC Output Spectrum 0.1μF 7 52.3Ω LTC1668 2 IOUT B CLK 1 8 1580Ω – 3 + 4 + – 6 5 VOUT– 0.1μF –5V 50MHz –5V 660025 TA01a –30 –30 VOUT+ LT6600-2.5 –20 BASEBAND SIGNAL –40 DAC OUTPUT IMAGE –50 (dBm) 16 BIT 4kHz to 2.5MHz DISCRETE MULTI-TONE SIGNAL AT 50MSPS 1580Ω –20 (dBm) 52.3Ω –10 –10 5V LADCOM IOUT A LT6600-2.5 Output Spectrum 0 0 5V –40 –50 –60 –60 –70 –70 –80 –80 –90 –90 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 0 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) 660025 TA01b 660025 TA01c 660025fb 1 LT6600-2.5 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Total Supply Voltage ...................................................1V Input Voltage (Note 8)...............................................±VS Input Current (Note 8)..........................................±10mA Operating Temperature Range (Note 6).... –40°C to 85°C Specified Temperature Range (Note 7) .... –40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature ........................................... 150°C Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) .................. 300°C PIN CONFIGURATION TOP VIEW IN– TOP VIEW 12 IN+ 1 IN– 11 NC NC 2 VOCM 3 V+ 4 NC 5 8 V– OUT+ 6 7 OUT– 12 10 VMID 9 V– 1 8 IN+ VOCM 2 7 VMID V+ 3 6 V– OUT+ 4 5 OUT– S8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC SO TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 100°C/W DF PACKAGE 12-LEAD (4mm × 4mm) PLASTIC DFN TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 43°C/W, θJC = 4°C/W EXPOSED PAD (PIN 13) IS V–, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB ORDER INFORMATION LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LT6600CS8-2.5#PBF LT6600CS8-2.5#TRPBF 660025 8-Lead Plastic SO 0°C to 70°C LT6600IS8-2.5#PBF LT6600IS8-2.5#TRPBF 6600I25 8-Lead Plastic SO –40°C to 85°C LT6600CDF-2.5#PBF LT6600CDF-2.5#TRPBF 60025 12-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic DFN 0°C to 70°C LT6600IDF-2.5#PBF LT6600IDF-2.5#TRPBF 60025 12-Lead (4mm × 4mm) Plastic DFN –40°C to 85°C LEAD BASED FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE LT6600CS8-2.5 LT6600CS8-2.5#TR 660025 8-Lead Plastic SO 0°C to 70°C LT6600IS8-2.5 LT6600IS8-2.5#TR 600I25 8-Lead Plastic SO –40°C to 85°C Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. Consult LTC Marketing for information on nonstandard lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. Unless otherwise specified VS = 5V (V+ = 5V, V– = 0V), RIN = 1580Ω, and RLOAD = 1k. PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Filter Gain, VS = 3V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz –0.5 0.1 0.4 dB RIN = 1580Ω VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 700kHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –0.15 0 0.1 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 1.9MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –0.2 0.2 0.6 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2.2MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –0.6 0.1 0.5 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –2.1 –0.9 0 dB 660025fb 2 LT6600-2.5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. Unless otherwise specified VS = 5V (V+ = 5V, V– = 0V), RIN = 1580Ω, and RLOAD = 1k. PARAMETER TYP MAX UNITS VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 7.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) CONDITIONS l MIN –34 –31 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 12.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –51 Filter Gain, VS = 5V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz RIN = 1580Ω VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 700kHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) dB –0.5 –0.1 0.4 dB l –0.15 0 0.1 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2.2MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –0.2 0.2 0.6 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2.2MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –0.6 0.1 0.5 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 2.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –2.1 –0.9 0 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 7.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –34 –31 dB VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = 12.5MHz (Gain Relative to 260kHz) l –51 dB Filter Gain, VS = ±5V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz –0.6 –0.1 0.4 dB Filter Gain, RIN = 402Ω VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = 3V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = 5V VIN = 2VP-P, fIN = DC to 260kHz, VS = ±5V 11.3 11.3 11.2 11.8 11.8 11.7 12.3 12.3 12.2 dB dB dB Filter Gain Temperature Coefficient (Note 2) fIN = 260kHz, VIN = 2VP-P 780 ppm/C Noise Noise BW = 10kHz to 2.5MHz 51 μVRMS Distortion (Note 4) 1MHz, 1VRMS, RL = 800Ω 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic 95 88 dBc dBc Differential Output Swing Measured Between Pins 4 and 5 VS = 5V VS = 3V Input Bias Current Average of Pin 1 and Pin 8 Input Referred Differential Offset RIN = 1580Ω, Differential Gain = 1V/V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l l 5 5 5 25 30 35 mV mV mV RIN = 402Ω, Differential Gain = 4V/V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l l 3 3 3 13 16 20 mV mV mV l l 8.8 5.1 9.3 5.5 VP-P DIFF VP-P DIFF l –35 –15 μA Differential Offset Drift 10 μV/°C Input Common Mode Voltage (Note 3) Differential Input = 500mVP-P, RIN ≥ 402Ω VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l l 0.0 0.0 –2.5 1.5 3.0 1.0 V V V Output Common Mode Voltage (Note 5) Differential Input = 2VP-P, Pin 7 at Mid-Supply VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l l 1.0 1.5 –1.0 1.5 3.0 2.0 V V V VS = 3V VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l l –25 –30 –55 10 5 –10 45 45 35 mV mV mV VS = 5V (S8) VS = 5V (DFN) VS = 3V l l 2.46 2.45 2.51 2.51 1.5 2.55 2.56 V V V l 4.3 5.7 7.7 kΩ VS = 5V VS = 3V l l –15 –10 –3 –3 VS = 3V, VS = 5V VS = 3V, VS = 5V VS = ±5V l l Output Common Mode Offset (with Respect to Pin 2) Common Mode Rejection Ratio 63 Voltage at VMID (Pin 7) VMID Input Resistance VOCM Bias Current Power Supply Current VOCM = VMID = VS /2 26 28 dB μA μA 30 33 36 mA mA mA 660025fb 3 LT6600-2.5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: This is the temperature coefficient of the internal feedback resistors assuming a temperature independent external resistor (RIN). Note 3: The input common mode voltage is the average of the voltages applied to the external resistors (RIN). Specification guaranteed for RIN ≥ 402Ω. For ±5V supplies, the minimum input common mode voltage is guaranteed by design to reach –5V. Note 4: Distortion is measured differentially using a single-ended stimulus. The input common mode voltage, the voltage at VOCM, and the voltage at VMID are equal to one half of the total power supply voltage. Note 5: Output common mode voltage is the average of the voltages at Pins 4 and 5. The output common mode voltage is equal to the voltage applied to Pin 2. Note 6: The LT6600C-2.5 is guaranteed functional over the operating temperature range of –40°C to 85°C. Note 7: The LT6600C-2.5 is guaranteed to meet specified performance from 0°C to 70°C and is designed, characterized and expected to meet specified performance from –40°C and 85°C, but is not tested or QA sampled at these temperatures. The LT6600I-2.5 is guaranteed to meet specified performance from –40°C to 85°C. Note 8: The inputs are protected by back-to-back diodes. If the differential input voltage exceeds 1.4V, the input current should be limited to less than 10mA. TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Amplitude Response 12 VS = ±2.5V RIN = 1580Ω GAIN = 1 12 320 300 –12 10 280 –24 –2 260 9 260 8 240 7 220 6 200 GAIN (dB) –36 –48 –3 240 –4 220 –5 200 –6 180 VS = 5V –7 RIN = 1580Ω 160 GAIN = 1 –8 140 TA = 25°C –9 120 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 2.25 2.5 2.75 3.0 FREQUENCY (MHz) –72 –84 –96 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 50M 660025 G01 GAIN (dB) 11 280 180 VS = 5V 4 RIN = 402Ω 160 GAIN = 4 140 3 TA = 25°C 120 2 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25 1.5 1.75 2.0 2.25 2.5 2.75 3.0 FREQUENCY (MHz) 5 660025 G03 660025 G02 Output Impedance vs Frequency (OUT+ or OUT–) CMRR 100 PSRR 90 110 VIN = 1VP-P VS = 5V 100 R = 1580Ω IN GAIN = 1 90 V+ TO DIFFERENTIAL OUT VS = 3V 80 70 60 PSRR (dB) CMRR (dB) 10 GROUP DELAY (ns) 300 GROUP DELAY (ns) 0 –60 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) Passband Gain and Group Delay 320 –1 0 GAIN (dB) Passband Gain and Group Delay 1 80 70 1 50 40 30 60 20 50 0.1 100k 10 0 40 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 660025 G04 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 660025 G05 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 660025 G06 660025fb 4 LT6600-2.5 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Distortion vs Frequency –60 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC –80 –90 VIN = 2VP-P VS = 3V RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0.1 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC –70 DISTORTION (dB) –70 DISTORTION (dB) Distortion vs Frequency –60 –80 –90 VIN = 2VP-P VS = 5V RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0.1 10 10 660025 G08 660025 G07 Distortion vs Signal Level Distortion vs Frequency –60 –80 2ND HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 2ND HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT –50 DISTORTION (dB) –70 DISTORTION (dB) –40 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC DIFFERENTIAL INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 2ND HARMONIC SINGLE-ENDED INPUT, 3RD HARMONIC –90 –60 –70 –80 –90 VIN = 2VP-P VS = ±5V RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 0.1 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) VS = 3V F = 1MHz RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 1 0 10 2 3 4 INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) Distortion vs Signal Level –60 –70 2ND HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 2ND HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT –50 DISTORTION (dB) DISTORTION (dB) Distortion vs Signal Level –40 2ND HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 2ND HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT 3RD HARMONIC, SINGLE-ENDED INPUT –50 6 660025 G10 660025 G09 –40 5 –80 –60 –70 –80 –90 –90 VS = 5V F = 1MHz RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) 8 VS = ±5V F = 1MHz RL = 800Ω AT EACH OUTPUT –100 –110 9 660025 G11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 INPUT LEVEL (VP-P) 8 9 660025 G12 660025fb 5 LT6600-2.5 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level –50 –60 –70 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V –40 2VP-P 1MHz INPUT RIN = 1580Ω GAIN = 1 DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) –40 Distortion vs Input Common Mode Level –80 –90 –100 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 2VP-P 1MHz INPUT, RIN = 402Ω, GAIN = 4 –110 –2 –1 0 1 2 –3 3 INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RELATIVE TO VMID (V) –2 –1 0 1 2 –3 3 INPUT COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RELATIVE TO VMID (V) 660025 G13 660025 G14 Distortion vs Output Common Mode Level Supply Current vs Total Supply Voltage 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 3V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 3V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = 5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = 5V 2ND HARMONIC, VS = ±5V 3RD HARMONIC, VS = ±5V –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 32 30 TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) DISTORTION COMPONENT (dB) –40 TA = 85°C 28 TA = 25°C 26 24 22 TA = –40°C 20 18 2VP-P 1MHz INPUT, RIN = 1580Ω, GAIN = 1 –110 –1.5 –1.0 –0.5 0 1.0 1.5 2.0 VOLTAGE VOCM TO VMID (V) 0.5 16 2 2.5 3 4 6 8 5 7 9 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 10 660025 G16 660025 G15 Transient Response Gain = 1 VOUT+ 50mV/DIV DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 200mV/DIV 500ns/DIV 660025 G17 660025fb 6 LT6600-2.5 PIN FUNCTIONS (DFN/SO) IN– and IN+ (Pins 1, 12/Pins 1, 8): Input Pins. Signals can be applied to either or both input pins through identical external resistors, RIN. The DC gain from differential inputs to the differential outputs is 1580Ω/RIN. NC (Pins 2, 5, 11/NA): No Connection VOCM (Pin 3/Pin 2): DC Common Mode Reference Voltagefor the 2nd Filter Stage. Its value programs the common mode voltage of the differential output of the filter. This is a high impedance input, which can be driven from an external voltage reference, or it can be tied to VMID on the PC board. VOCM should be bypassed with a 0.01μF ceramic capacitor unless it is connected to a ground plane. V+ and V– (Pins 4, 8, 9/Pins 3, 6): Power Supply Pins. For a single 3.3V or 5V supply (V– grounded) a quality 0.1μF ceramic bypass capacitor is required from the positive supply pin (V+) to the negative supply pin (V–). The bypass should be as close as possible to the IC. For dual supply applications, bypass V+ to ground and V– to ground with a quality 0.1μF ceramic capacitor. OUT+ and OUT– (Pins 6, 7/Pins 4, 5): Output Pins. These are the filter differential outputs. Each pin can drive a 100Ω and/or 50pF load to AC ground. VMID (Pin 10/Pin 7): The VMID pin is internally biased at mid-supply, see Block Diagram. For single supply operation, the VMID pin should be bypassed with a quality 0.01μF ceramic capacitor to V–. For dual supply operation, VMID can be bypassed or connected to a high quality DC ground. A ground plane should be used. A poor ground will increase noise and distortion. VMID sets the output common mode voltage of the 1st stage of the filter. It has a 5.5kΩ impedance, and it can be overridden with an external low impedance voltage source. 660025fb 7 LT6600-2.5 BLOCK DIAGRAM VIN+ RIN IN+ OUT– V– VMID V+ 11k PROPRIETARY LOWPASS FILTER STAGE 1580Ω 11k 800Ω V– OP AMP + 800Ω + – – VOCM – VOCM + – + 800Ω 800Ω 1580Ω 660025 BD VIN– RIN IN– VOCM V+ OUT+ 660025fb 8 LT6600-2.5 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Interfacing to the LT6600-2.5 DC coupled. The common mode input voltage is 0.5V, and the differential input voltage is 2VP-P. The common mode output voltage is 1.65V, and the differential output voltage is 2VP-P for frequencies below 2.5MHz. The common mode output voltage is determined by the voltage at VOCM. Since VOCM is shorted to VMID, the output common mode is the mid-supply voltage. In addition, the common mode input voltage can be equal to the mid-supply voltage of VMID. Note: The referenced pin numbers correspond to the S8 package. See the Pin Functions for the equivalent DFN-12 package pin numbers. The LT6600-2.5 requires two equal external resistors, RIN, to set the differential gain to 1580Ω/RIN. The inputs to the filter are the voltages VIN+ and VIN– presented to the see external components, Figure 1. The difference between VIN+ and VIN– is the differential input voltage. The average of VIN+ and VIN– is the common mode input voltage. Similarly, the voltages VOUT+ and VOUT– appearing at Pins 4 and 5 of the LT6600-2.5 are the filter outputs. The difference between VOUT+ and VOUT– is the differential output voltage. The average of VOUT+ and VOUT– is the common mode output voltage. Figure 2 shows how to AC couple signals into the LT6600-2.5. In this instance, the input is a single-ended signal. AC coupling allows the processing of single-ended or differential signals with arbitrary common mode levels. The 0.1μF coupling capacitor and the 1580Ω gain setting resistor form a high pass filter, attenuating signals below 1kHz. Larger values of coupling capacitors will proportionally reduce this highpass 3dB frequency. Figure 1 illustrates the LT6600-2.5 operating with a single 3.3V supply and unity passband gain; the input signal is In Figure 3 the LT6600-2.5 is providing 12dB of gain. The common mode output voltage is set to 2V. 3.3V 0.1μF V 3 VIN – 1580Ω 1 7 2 VIN 1 + 0.01μF VIN 0 2 t VIN– 8 + V 3 3 – + 4 VOUT+ LT6600-2.5 –5 + 1580Ω VOUT– 6 2 VOUT+ 1 VOUT– t 0 660025 F01 Figure 1. (S8 Pin Numbers) 3.3V 0.1μF V 0.1μF 2 1580Ω 1 7 1 VIN 0 + 0.1μF t VIN 2 0.01μF 8 + – + 4 LT6600-2.5 – + 1580Ω –1 V 3 5 3 VOUT+ VOUT– 6 VOUT+ 2 VOUT– 1 0 660025 F02 t Figure 2. (S8 Pin Numbers) 5V 0.1μF V 3 VIN – 402Ω 1 7 2 1 0 VIN+ VIN– 2 0.01μF 500mVP-P (DIFF) VIN t 8 + – + 4 LT6600-2.5 – + 402Ω + – V 3 5 3 VOUT+ VOUT+ 2 VOUT– 6 2V 1 0 VOUT– 660025 F03 t Figure 3. (S8 Pin Numbers) 660025fb 9 LT6600-2.5 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Use Figure 4 to determine the interface between the LT6600-2.5 and a current output DAC. The gain, or “transimpedance,” is defined as A = VOUT/IIN. To compute the transimpedance, use the following equation: A= 1580 • R1 (Ω) (R1+ R2) By setting R1 + R2 = 1580Ω, the gain equation reduces to A = R1(Ω). The voltage at the pins of the DAC is determined by R1, R2, the voltage on VMID and the DAC output current. Consider Figure 4 with R1 = 49.9Ω and R2 = 1540Ω. The voltage at VMID, for VS = 3.3V, is 1.65V. The voltage at the DAC pins is given by: R1 R1• R2 +IIN • R1+ R2 + 1580 R1+ R2 = 26mV +IIN • 48.3Ω VDAC = VPIN7 • IIN is IIN+ or IIN–. The transimpedance in this example is 49.6Ω. Evaluating the LT6600-2.5 The low impedance levels and high frequency operation of the LT6600-2.5 require some attention to the matching networks between the LT6600-2.5 and other devices. The previous examples assume an ideal (0Ω) source impedance and a large (1kΩ) load resistance. Among practical examples where impedance must be considered is the evaluation of the LT6600-2.5 with a network analyzer. Figure 5 is a laboratory setup that can be used to characterize the LT6600-2.5 using single-ended instruments with 50Ω source impedance and 50Ω input impedance. For a 12dB gain configuration the LT6600-2.5 requires a402Ω source resistance yet the network analyzer output is calibrated for a 50Ω load resistance. The 1:1 transformer, 53.6Ω and 388Ω resistors satisfy the two constraints above. The transformer converts the single-ended source into a differential stimulus. Similarly, the output of the LT6600-2.5 will have lower distortion with larger load resistance yet the analyzer input is typically 50Ω. The 4:1 turns (16:1 impedance) transformer and the two 402Ω resistors of Figure 5, present the output of the LT6600-2.5 with a 1600Ω differential load, or the equivalent of 800Ω to ground at each output. The impedance seen by the network analyzer input is still 50Ω, reducing reflections in the cabling between the transformer and analyzer input. Differential and Common Mode Voltage Ranges The rail-to-rail output stage of the LT6600-2.5 can process large differential signal levels. On a 3V supply, the output signal can be 5.1VP-P. Similarly, a 5V supply can support signals as large as 8.8VP-P. To prevent excessive power dissipation in the internal circuitry, the user must limit differential signal levels to 9VP-P. The two amplifiers inside the LT6600-2.5 have independent control of their output common mode voltage (see the “Block Diagram” section). The following guidelines will optimize the performance of the filter. 2.5V CURRENT OUTPUT DAC 0.1μF IIN– R1 R2 R1 1 7 0.01μF NETWORK ANALYZER SOURCE 3 – + 4 VOUT+ 50Ω COILCRAFT TTWB-1010 1:1 388Ω 1 7 53.6Ω 2 2 LT6600-2.5 IIN+ 660025 F04 0.1μF 3.3V 8 R2 – + 6 5 8 VOUT– VOUT+ – VOUT– IIN+ – IIN– 388Ω = 3 – + 4 COILCRAFT TTWB-16A 4:1 402Ω LT6600-2.5 – + 6 402Ω NETWORK ANALYZER INPUT 50Ω 5 0.1μF 660025 F05 1580 • R1 R1 + R2 –2.5V Figure 4. (S8 Pin Numbers) Figure 5. (S8 Pin Numbers) 660025fb 10 LT6600-2.5 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION VMID can be allowed to float, but it must be bypassed to an AC ground with a 0.01μF capacitor or some instability maybe observed. VMID can be driven from a low impedance source, provided it remains at least 1.5V above V– and at least 1.5V below V+. An internal resistor divider sets the voltage of VMID. While the internal 11k resistors are well matched, their absolute value can vary by ±20%. This should be taken into consideration when connecting an external resistor network to alter the voltage of VMID. VOCM can be shorted to VMID for simplicity. If a different common mode output voltage is required, connect VOCM to a voltage source or resistor network. For 3V and 3.3V supplies the voltage at VOCM must be less than or equal to the mid supply level. For example, voltage (VOCM) ≤ 1.65V on a single 3.3V supply. For power supply voltages higher than 3.3V the voltage at VOCM can be set above mid supply, as shown in Table 1. The voltage on VOCM should not exceed 1V below the voltage on VMID. VOCM is a high impedance input. Table 1. Output Common Range for Various Supplies SUPPLY VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL OUT VOLTAGE SWING OUTPUT COMMON MODE RANGE FOR LOW DISTORTION 3V 4VP-P 1.4V ≤ VOCM ≤ 1.6V 2VP-P 1V ≤ VOCM ≤ 1.6V 1VP-P 0.75V ≤ VOCM ≤ 1.6V 8VP-P 2.4V ≤ VOCM ≤ 2.6V 4VP-P 1.5V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.5V 5V ±5V 2VP-P 1V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.75V 1VP-P 0.75V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.75V 9VP-P –2V ≤ VOCM ≤ 2V 4VP-P –3.5V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.5V 2VP-P –3.75V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.75V 1VP-P –4.25V ≤ VOCM ≤ 3.75V NOTE: VOCM is set by the voltage at this RIN. The voltage at VOCM should not exceed 1V below the voltage at VMID. To achieve some of the output common mode ranges shown in the table, the voltage at VMID must be set externally to a value below mid supply. The LT6600-2.5 was designed to process a variety of input signals including signals centered around the mid-sup- ply voltage and signals that swing between ground and a positive voltage in a single supply system (Figure 1). The range of allowable input common mode voltage (the average of VIN+ and VIN– in Figure 1) is determined by the power supply level and gain setting (see “Electrical Characteristics”). Common Mode DC Currents In applications like Figure 1 and Figure 3 where the LT6600-2.5 not only provides lowpass filtering but also level shifts the common mode voltage of the input signal, DC currents will be generated through the DC path between input and output terminals. Minimize these currents to decrease power dissipation and distortion. Consider the application in Figure 3. VMID sets the output common mode voltage of the 1st differential amplifier inside the LT6600-2.5 (see the “Block Diagram” section)at 2.5V. Since the input common mode voltage is near 0V, there will be approximately a total of 2.5V drop across the series combination of the internal 1580Ω feedback resistor and the external 402Ω input resistor. The resulting 1.25mA common mode DC current in each input path,must be absorbed by the sources VIN+ and VIN–. VOCM sets the common mode output voltage of the 2nd differential amplifier inside the LT6600-2.5, and therefore sets the common mode output voltage of the filter. Since, in the example of Figure 3, VOCM differs from VMID by 0.5V, an additional 625μA (312μA per side) of DC current will flow in the resistors coupling the 1st differential amplifier output stage to filter output. Thus, a total of 3.125mA is used to translate the common mode voltages. A simple modification to Figure 3 will reduce the DC common mode currents by 36%. If VMID is shorted toVOCM the common mode output voltage of both op amp stages will be 2V and the resulting DC current will be 2mA. Of course, by AC coupling the inputs of Figure 3, the common mode DC current can be reduced to 625μA. 660025fb 11 LT6600-2.5 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Noise 100 Given the low noise output of the LT6600-2.5 and the 6dB attenuation of the transformer coupling network, it will be necessary to measure the noise floor of the spectrum analyzer and subtract the instrument noise from the filter noise measurement. 2.5V VIN RIN 1 7 2 8 RIN 3 – + 4 COILCRAFT TTWB-1010 25Ω 1:1 6 5 0.1μF –2.5V Figure 6. (S8 Pin Numbers) Example: With the IC removed and the 25Ω resistorsgrounded, Figure 6, measure the total integrated noise (eS) of the spectrum analyzer from 10kHz to 2.5MHz. With the IC inserted, the signal source (VIN) disconnected, and the input resistors grounded, measure the total integrated noise out of the filter (eO). With the signal source connected, set the frequency to 100kHz and adjust the amplitude until VIN measures 100mVP-P. Measure the output amplitude, VOUT, and compute the passband gain A = VOUT/VIN. Now compute the input referred integrated noise (eIN) as: (eO )2 – (eS )2 A Table 2 lists the typical input referred integrated noise for various values of RIN. Table 2. Noise Performance RIN INPUT REFERRED INTEGRATED NOISE 10kHz TO 2.5MHz INPUT REFERRED INTEGRATED NOISE 10kHz TO 5MHz 402Ω 18μVRMS 23μVRMS 2 806Ω 29μVRMS 39μVRMS 1 1580Ω 51μVRMS 73μVRMS PASSBAND GAIN (V/V) 4 20 40 10 20 INTEGRATED SPECTRUM ANALYZER INPUT 660025 F06 eIN = 60 0 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 660025 F07 50Ω 25Ω – 30 Figure 7. Input Referred Noise, Gain = 1 LT6600-2.5 + SPECTRAL DENSITY 0 0.01 0.1μF 80 40 INTEGRATED NOISE (μVRMS) The noise performance of the LT6600-2.5 can be evaluated with the circuit of Figure 6. NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY (nVRMS/√Hz) 50 Figure 7 is plot of the noise spectral density as a function of frequency for an LT6600-2.5 with RIN = 1580Ω using the fixture of Figure 6 (the instrument noise has been subtracted from the results). The noise at each output is comprised of a differential component and a common mode component. Using a transformer or combiner to convert the differential outputs to single-ended signal rejects the common mode noise and gives a true measure of the S/N achievable in the system. Conversely, if each output is measured individually and the noise power added together, the resulting calculated noise level will be higher than the true differential noise. Power Dissipation The LT6600-2.5 amplifiers combine high speed with largesignal currents in a small package. There is a need to ensure that the die’s junction temperature does not exceed 150°C. The LT6600-2.5 S8 package has Pin 6 fused to the lead frame to enhance thermal conduction when connecting to a ground plane or a large metal trace. Metal trace and plated through-holes can be used to spread the heat generated by the device to the backside of the PC board. For example, on a 3/32” FR-4 board with 2oz copper, a totalof 660 square millimeters connected to Pin 6 of theLT6600-2.5 S8 (330 square millimeters on each side of the PC board) will result in a thermal resistance, θJA, of about 85°C/W. Without the extra metal trace connected 660025fb 12 LT6600-2.5 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION to the V– pin to provide a heat sink, the thermal resistance will be around 105°C/W. Table 3 can be used as a guide when considering thermal resistance. Table 3. LT6600-2.5 SO-8 Package Thermal Resistance COPPER AREA TOPSIDE (mm2) BACKSIDE (mm2) BOARD AREA (mm2) THERMAL RESISTANCE (JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT) 1100 1100 2500 65°C/W 330 330 2500 85°C/W 35 35 2500 95°C/W 35 0 2500 100°C/W 0 0 2500 105°C/W Junction temperature, TJ, is calculated from the ambienttemperature, TA, and power dissipation, PD. The power dissipation is the product of supply voltage, VS, and supply current, IS. Therefore, the junction temperature is given by: TJ = TA + (PD • θJA) = TA + (VS • IS • θJA) For a given supply voltage, the worst-case power dissipation occurs when the differential input signal is maximum, the common mode currents are maximum (see Applications Information regarding Common Mode DC Currents), the load impedance is small and the ambient temperature is maximum. To compute the junction temperature, measure the supply current under these worst-case conditions, estimate the thermal resistance from Table 2, then apply the equation for TJ. For example, using the circuit in Figure 3 with DC differential input voltage of 1V, a differential output voltage of 4V, no load resistance and an ambient temperature of 85°C, the supply current (current into V+) measures 37.6mA. Assuming a PC board layout with a 35mm2 copper trace, the θJA is 100°C/W. The resulting junction temperature is: TJ = TA + (PD • θJA) = 85 + (5 • 0.0376 • 100) = 104°C When using higher supply voltages or when driving small impedances, more copper may be necessary to keep TJ below 150°C. where the supply current, IS, is a function of signal level, load impedance, temperature and common mode voltages. 660025fb 13 LT6600-2.5 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION DF Package 12-Lead Plastic DFN (4mm × 4mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1733 Rev Ø) 2.50 REF 0.70 ±0.05 3.38 ±0.05 4.50 ± 0.05 3.10 ± 0.05 2.65 ± 0.05 PACKAGE OUTLINE 0.25 ±0.05 0.50 BSC RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS APPLY SOLDER MASK TO AREAS THAT ARE NOT SOLDERED 4.00 ± 0.10 (4 SIDES) 2.50 REF 7 12 0.40 ± 0.10 3.38 ±0.10 2.65 ± 0.10 PIN 1 NOTCH R = 0.20 TYP OR 0.35 × 45° CHAMFER PIN 1 TOP MARK (NOTE 6) (DF12) DFN 0806 REV Ø 0.200 REF 6 R = 0.115 TYP 0.75 ± 0.05 1 0.25 ± 0.05 0.50 BSC BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD 0.00 – 0.05 NOTE: 1. DRAWING IS PROPOSED TO BE MADE A JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE MO-220 VARIATION (WGGD-X)—TO BE APPROVED 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS 4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE 5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED 6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE 660025fb 14 LT6600-2.5 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION S8 Package 8-Lead Plastic Small Outline (Narrow .150 Inch) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1610) .050 BSC .189 – .197 (4.801 – 5.004) NOTE 3 .045 ±.005 8 .245 MIN 7 6 5 .160 ±.005 .150 – .157 (3.810 – 3.988) NOTE 3 .228 – .244 (5.791 – 6.197) .030 ±.005 TYP 1 RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT .010 – .020 × 45° (0.254 – 0.508) .008 – .010 (0.203 – 0.254) 3 4 .053 – .069 (1.346 – 1.752) .004 – .010 (0.101 – 0.254) 0°– 8° TYP .016 – .050 (0.406 – 1.270) NOTE: 1. DIMENSIONS IN 2 .014 – .019 (0.355 – 0.483) TYP INCHES (MILLIMETERS) 2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 3. THESE DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH OR PROTRUSIONS SHALL NOT EXCEED .006" (0.15mm) .050 (1.270) BSC SO8 0303 660025fb Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 15 LT6600-2.5 TYPICAL APPLICATION 5th Order Lowpass Filter (S8 Pin Numbers Shown) V+ 0.1μF VIN– R R 1 7 C VIN+ C= GAIN = 2 8 R R – 3 + + – 6 VOUT+ VOUT– 5 0.1μF 1 2π • R • 2.5MHz 1580Ω , MAXIMUM GAIN = 4 2R 4 LT6600 V– 660025 TA02a Amplitude Response 10 Transient Response Gain = 1 VS = ±2.5V GAIN = 1 R = 787Ω TA = 25°C 0 –10 VOUT+ 50mV/DIV GAIN (dB) –20 –30 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT 200mV/DIV –40 –50 –60 –70 –90 100k 660025 TA02c 500ns/DIV –80 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 20M 660025 TA02b RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LTC®1565-31 650kHz Linear Phase Lowpass Filter Continuous Time, SO8 Package, Fully Differential LTC1566-1 Low Noise, 2.3MHz Lowpass Filter Continuous Time, SO8 Package LT1567 Very Low Noise, High Frequency Filter Building Block 1.4nV/√Hz Op Amp, MSOP Package, Fully Differential LT1568 Very Low Noise, 4th Order Building Block Lowpass and Bandpass Filter Designs Up to 10MHz, Differential Outputs LTC1992 Low-Power Differential In/Out Amplifier Adjustable Gain, MSOP Package LTC1992-1 Low-Power Differential In/Out Amplifier Fixed Gain of 1, Matching ±0.3% LTC1992-2 Low-Power Differential In/Out Amplifier Fixed Gain of 2, Matching ±0.3% LTC1992-5 Low-Power Differential In/Out Amplifier Fixed Gain of 5, Matching ±0.3% LTC1992-10 Low-Power Differential In/Out Amplifier Fixed Gain of 10, Matching ±0.3% LT6600-10 Very Low Noise Differential Amplifier and 10MHz Lowpass Filter 82dB S/N with 3V Supply, SO-8 Package LT6600-20 Very Low Noise Differential Amplifier and 20MHz Lowpass Filter 76dB S/N with 3V Supply, SO-8 Package 660025fb 16 Linear Technology Corporation LT 0408 REV B • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2003