ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ ML1538 4-ch Motor Driver for Portable CD players Application Features Portable CD player z z z z z z z z Built-in 4ch H bridge driver, and PWM control of load drive voltage is made possible by external components. DC-DC converter control circuit on chip. With inverted reset output pin. Empty detection level can be switched between rechargeable battery and dry battery. Constant current charging; amount of current can be varied by external resistor. Built-in power transistor for charging. Built-in independent thermal shutdown circuit Package : QFP-44 General Description ML1538 driver IC contains a 4ch H bridge driver and DC-DC converter control circuit, and was developed for portable CD players. The package in use is QFP-44, making it ideal for smaller set. 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 1/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Block Diagram RCHG OUT1R 33 32 OUT1F OUT2R 31 OUT2F POWGND OUT3F 30 29 28 OUT3R OUT4F 26 25 27 OUT4R BRAKE1 24 23 BRAKE1 EMP 35 HV CC 36 PSW 37 CLK 38 START 39 OFF 40 CHGVCC 41 22 IN1 MUTE2 34 BTL BTL BTL BTL TSD MAXIMUM DETECTION POWER OFF STARTER + - 21 MUTE2 20 IN2 MUTE34 AMUTE V / I + V / I + 18 IN4 V / I + 17 IN3 V / I + 16 Vref 19 MUTE34 Pre-Driver Pow er Supply SEL 42 PREGND 43 15 VSYS2 TRIANGLE-WAVE 14 OP+ + - 44 Power Unit Power Supply PWMFIL OVER-VOLTAGE TSD + + - 13 OPOUT 12 VSYS1 + + +- Control Circuit Pow er Supply + - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 BSEN BATT RESET DEAD SW EO EI SPRT CT N.C. OP- 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 2/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin Configuration RCHG OUT1R 33 32 OUT1F OUT2R 31 OUT2F POWGND OUT3F OUT3R 30 29 28 27 OUT4F 26 25 OUT4R BRAKE1 24 23 AMUTE 34 22 IN1 EMP 35 21 MUTE2 HV CC 36 20 IN2 PSW 37 19 MUTE34 CLK 38 18 IN4 START 39 OFF 40 16 Vref CHGVCC 41 15 VSYS2 SEL 42 14 OP+ PREGND 43 13 OPOUT PWMFIL 44 12 VSYS1 ML1538 17 IN3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 BSEN BATT RESET DEAD SW EO EI SPRT CT N.C. OP- Pin Pin Name Pin Pin Name Pin Pin Name Pin Pin Name 1 BSEN 12 VSYS1 23 BRAKE1 34 AMUTE 2 BATT 13 OPOUT 24 OUT4R 35 EMP 3 RESET 14 OP+ 25 OUT4F 36 HVCC 4 DEAD 15 VSYS2 26 OUT3R 37 PSW 5 SW 16 Vref 27 OUT3F 38 CLK 6 EO 17 IN3 28 POWGND 39 START 7 EI 18 IN4 29 OUT2F 40 OFF 8 SPRT 19 MUTE34 30 OUT2R 41 CHGVCC 9 CT 20 IN2 31 OUT1F 42 SEL 10 N.C. 21 MUTE2 32 OUT1R 43 PREGND 11 OP- 22 IN1 33 RCHG 44 PWMFIL 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 3/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin Description Pin No. Pin Name I/O Function Internal Equivalent Circuit 1 BSEN Input Battery Voltage Monitor 2 BATT Input Battery Power Supply Input 3 RESET Output Reset Detect Output 4 DEAD Input 5 SW Output Transistor Drive For Voltage Multiplier 6 EO Output Error Amplifier Output Power Supply DEAD Time Setting 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 4/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin No. Pin Name I/O Function Internal Equivalent Circuit 7 EI Input Error Amplifier Input 8 SPRT Output Short Circuit Protection Setting 9 CT Output Triangular-Wave Output 10 N.C. 11 14 OPOP+ Input Op Amp Negative Input Op Amp Positive Input 12 VSYS1 Input Control Circuit Power Supply Input 13 OPOUT Output Op Amp Output 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player Control Circuit Power Supply March, 2004 V1.0 5/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin No. Pin Name I/O Function Internal Equivalent Circuit 15 VSYS2 Input Driver Pre-step Power Supply Pre-Drive Power Supply 16 Vref Input Reference Voltage Input 17 18 20 IN3 IN4 IN2 Input CH3 Control Signal Input CH4 Control Signal Input CH2 Control Signal Input 22 IN1 19 21 23 MUT34 MUT2 BRAKE1 Input 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 32 OUT4R OUT4F OUT3R OUT3F OUT2F OUT2R OUT1F OUT1R Output CH4 Negative Output CH4 Positive Output CH3 Negative Output CH3 Positive Output CH2 Positive Output CH2 Negative Output CH1 Positive Output CH1 Negative Output 28 POWGND 36 HVCC CH1 Control Signal Input CH3 and 4 Mute CH2 Mute CH1 Brake Power Block Power Supply Ground Input H-Bridge Power Supply Input 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 6/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin No. Pin Name I/O Function Internal Equivalent Circuit 33 RCHG Input Charge Current Setting 34 AMUTE Output Reset Invert Output 35 EMP Output Empty Detect Output 37 PSW Output PWM Transistor Drive 38 CLK Input External Clock Synchronizing Input 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 7/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Pin No. Pin Name I/O Function Internal Equivalent Circuit 39 START Input Voltage Multiplier DC-DC Converter Start 40 OFF Input Voltage Multiplier DC-DC Converter OFF 41 CHGVCC Input Charging Circuit Power Supply Input 42 SEL Input Empty Detect Level Switch Output 43 PREGND 44 PWMFIL Pre Section Power Supply Input Charging Circuit Power Supply Pre Section Power Supply Ground PWM Phase Compensation * The positive and negative outputs are the polarity with respect to the input 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 8/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Symbol Rating VCC *1 13.5 Supply Voltage IO 500 Driver Output Current Pd 625 *2 Power Dissipation TOPR -30 ~ +85 Operating Temperature TSTG -55 ~ +150 Storage Temperature *1 Vcc shows input voltage of VSYS1, VSYS2, HVCC, BATT, and CHGVCC. *2 Reduced by 5mW for each increase in Ta of 1°C over 25°C Unit V mA mW °C °C Recommended Operating Conditions Item Control Circuit Power Supply Voltage Pre-Driver Circuit Power Supply Voltage H-Bridge Power Supply Voltage Power Supply Voltage Charging Circuit Power Supply Voltage Operating Temperature Symbol VSYS1 VSYS2 HVcc BATT CHGVcc Ta Min. 2.7 2.7 1.5 3.0 -10 Typ. 3.2 3.2 PWM 2.4 4.5 25 Max. 5.5 5.5 BATT 8.0 8.0 70 Unit V V V V V °C Electrical Characteristics (unless otherwise specified, Ta=25°C, BATT=2.4V, VSYS1=VSYS2=3.2V, Vref=1.6V, CHGVcc=0V, fCLK=88.2kHz) Item Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. < Common Section > BATT Stand-by Current IST BATT=9.0V, 0 3 VSYS1=VSYS2=Vref=0V BATT Supply Current (No load) IBAT HVcc=0.45V, MUTE34=3.2V 2.5 4.0 VSYS1 Supply Current (No load) ISYS1 HVcc=0.45V, MUTE34=3.2V, EI=0V 4.7 6.4 VSYS2 Supply Current (No load) ISYS2 HVcc=0.45V, MUTE34=3.2V 4.1 5.5 CHGVcc Supply Current (No load) ICGVCC CHGVcc=4.5V, ROUT=OPEN 0.65 2.00 < H-Bridge Driver Part > Voltage Gain ch1, ch3.ch4 GVC134 12 14 16 Voltage Gain ch2 GVC2 21.5 23.5 24.5 -2 0 2 Gain Error By Polarity ⊿GVC Input pin resistance ch1,ch3,ch4 RIN134 IN=1.7V and 1.8V 9 11 13 Input pin resistance ch2 RIN2 IN=1.7V and 1.8V 6 7.5 9 Maximum Output Voltage VOUT 1.9 2.1 RL=8Ω, HVcc=BATT=4.0V, IN=0-3.2V Saturation Voltage (Lower) VsatL Io=-300mA, IN=0 and 3.2V 240 400 Saturation Voltage (Upper) VsatU Io=-300mA, IN=0 and 3.2V 240 400 Input Offset Voltage VOI -8 0 8 Outut Offset Voltage ch1,ch3,ch4 VOO134 Vref=IN=1.6V -50 0 50 Output Offset Voltage ch2 VOO2 Vref=IN=1.6V -130 0 130 Dead Zone VDB -10 0 10 BRAKE1ON Threshold Voltage VBRON IN1=1.8V 2.0 BRAKE1OFF Threshold Voltage VBROFF IN1=1.8V 0.8 MUTE2 ON Threshold Voltage VM2ON IN2=1.8V 2.0 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player Unit µA mA mA mA mA dB dB dB kΩ kΩ V mV mV mV mV mV mV V V V March, 2004 V1.0 9/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Electrical Characteristics (unless otherwise specified, Ta=25°C, BATT=2.4V, VSYS1=VSYS2=3.2V, Vref=1.6V, CHGVcc=0V, fCLK=88.2kHz) Item Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. < H-Bridge Driver Part > MUTE2 OFF Threshold Voltage VM2OFF IN2=1.8V 0.8 MUTE34 ON Threshold Voltage VM34ON IN3=IN4=1.8V 0.8 MUTE34 OFF Threshold Voltage VM34OFF IN3=IN4=1.8V 2.0 Vref ON Threshold Voltage VrefON IN1=IN2=IN3=IN4=1.8V 1.2 Vref OFF Threshold Voltage VrefOFF IN1=IN2=IN3=IN4=1.8V 0.8 BRAKE1 Brake Current IBRAKE1 Current difference between BRAKE 4 7 10 pin "H" time and "L" time. < PWM Power Supply Driving > PSW Sink Current IPSW IN1=2.1V 10 13 17 HVcc Level Shift Voltage VSHIF IN1=1.8V, HVcc-OUT1F 0.35 0.45 0.55 HVcc Leak Current IHLK HVcc=9.0V, 0 5 VSYS1=VSYS2=BATT=0V PWM Amp Transfer Gain GPWM IN1=1.8V, HVcc=1.2~1.4V 1/60 1/50 1/40 < DC-DC Converter > < Error Amp > VSYS1 Threshold Voltage VS1TH 3.05 3.20 3.35 EO Pin Output Voltage "H" VEOH 1.4 1.6 EI=0.7V, Io=-100µA EO Pin Output Voltage "L" VEOL 0.3 EI=1.3V, Io=100µA < Short Circuit Protection > SPRT Pin Voltage VSPR EI=1.3V 0 0.1 EO=H SPRT Pin Current1 ISPR1 EI=0.7V 6 10 16 OFF=L SPRT Pin Current2 ISPR2 EI=1.3V, OFF=0V 12 20 32 SPRT Pin Current3 Over-Voltage ISPR3 EI=1.3V, BATT=9.5V 12 20 32 SPRT Pin Impedance RSPR 175 220 265 SPRT Pin Threshold Voltage VSPTH EI=0.7V, CT=0V 1.10 1.20 1.30 Over-Voltage Protection Detect VHVPR BSEN Pin Voltage 8.0 8.4 9.0 < Transistor Driving > BATT= CT =1.5V, VSYS1=VSYS2=0V, 0.78 0.98 1.13 SW Pin Output Voltage1 "H" VSW1H IO=-2mA Starting Time SW Pin Output Voltage 2 "H" VSW2H CT =0V, IO=-10mA, EI=0.7V, 1.00 1.50 SPRT=0V SW Pin Output Voltage 2 "L" VSW2L CT =2.0V, IO=10mA 0.30 0.45 SW Pin Oscillating Frequency1 fSW1 CT =470pF, VSYS1=VSYS2=0V 65 80 95 Starting Time SW Pin Oscillating Frequency2 fSW2 CT =470pF, CLK=0mA 60 70 82 SW Pin Oscillating Frequency3 fSW3 CT =470pF 88.2 SW Pin Minimum Pulse Width TSWmin CT =470pF, EO=0.5V Æ 0.7V Sweep 0.01 0.60 Pulse Duty Start DSW1 CT =470pF, VSYS1=VSYS2=0V 40 50 60 Max.Pulse Duty At Self-Running DSW2 CT =470pF, EI=0.7V, CLK=0V 70 80 90 Max.Pulse Duty At CLK DSW3 CT =470pF, EI=0.7V 65 75 85 Synchronization 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player Unit V V V V V mA mA V µA 1/kΩ V V V V µA µA µA kΩ V V V V V kHz kHz kHz µs % % % March, 2004 V1.0 10/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Electrical Characteristics (unless otherwise specified, Ta=25°C, BATT=2.4V, VSYS1=VSYS2=3.2V, Vref=1.6V, CHGVcc=0V, fCLK=88.2kHz) Item Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit < Interface > VSYS1 V OFF Pin Threshold Voltage VOFTH EI=1.3V - 2.0 OFF Pin Bias Current START Pin ON Threshold Voltage START Pin OFF Threshold Voltage IOFF VSATH1 OFF=0V VSYS1=VSYS2=0V, CT =2.0V 75 VSATH2 VSYS1=VSYS2=0V, CT =2.0V START Pin Bias Current ISTART START=0V BATT -0.3 10 13 2.0 CLK Pin Threshold Voltage "H" CLK Pin Threshold Voltage "L" CLK Pin Bias Current < Dead Time > DEAD Pin Impedance DEAD Pin Output Voltage < Starter Circuit > Starter Switching Voltage Starter Switching Hysteresis Width Discharge Release < Empty Detection > EMP Detection Voltage 1 EMP Detection Voltage 2 EMP Detection Hysteresis Voltage1 EMP Detection Hysteresis Voltage2 EMP Pin Output Voltage EMP Pin Output Leak Current BSEN Pin Input Resistance BSEN Pin Leak Current SEL Pin Detection Voltage SEL Pin Detection Current < Reset Circuit > VSYS1 RESET Threshold Voltage Ratio RESET Detection Hysteresis Width RESET Pin Output Voltage RESET Pin Pull Up Resistance AMUTE Pin Output Voltage 1 VCLKTHH VCLKTHL ICLK VSYS1=VSYS2=0VÆ3.2V, START=0V START=0V VDIS 115 BATT -1.0 µA V V 20 16 CLK=3.2V RDEAD VDEAD VSTNM VSNHS 95 30 19 µA 0.8 10 V V µA 52 0.78 65 0.88 78 0.98 kΩ V 2.3 130 2.5 200 2.7 300 V mV 1.63 1.83 2.03 V VEMPT1 VEMPT2 VEMHS1 VSEL=0V ISEL=-2µA VSEL=0V 2.1 1.7 25 2.2 1.8 50 2.3 1.9 100 V V mV VEMHS2 ISEL=-2µA 25 50 100 mV VEMP IEMPL RBSEN IBSENL VSELTH ISELT Io=1mA, BSEN=1V BSEN=2.4V VSEL=0V VSYS1=VSYS2=0V, BSEN=4.5V VSELTH=BATT-SEL, BSEN=2.0V 0.5 1.0 27 1.0 V µA kΩ µA V µA HSRT Comparison with error amplifier threshold voltage VRSTHS VRST RRST VAMT1 AMUTE Pin Output Voltage 2 VAMT2 AMUTE Pin Pull DOWN Resistance RAMT 17 23 1.5 -2 85 90 95 % 25 50 100 mV 72 BATT -04 BATT -04 77 90 0.5 108 BATT V kΩ V BATT V 113 kΩ Io=1mA, VSYS1=VSYS2=2.8V Io=-1mA, VSYS1=VSYS2=2.8V Io =-1mA, START=0V, VSYS1=VSYS2=0V 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player 95 March, 2004 V1.0 11/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Electrical Characteristics (unless otherwise specified, Ta=25°C, BATT=2.4V, VSYS1=VSYS2=3.2V, Vref=1.6V, CHGVcc=0V, fCLK=88.2kHz) Item Symbol Measurement Conditions Min. Typ. Max. < Op Amp > Input Bias Current IBIAS OP+=1.6V 300 Input Offset Voltage VOIOP -5.5 0 5.5 High Level Output Voltage VOHOP RL=OPEN 2.8 Low Level Output Voltage VOLOP RL=OPEN 0.2 Output Drive Current (Source) ISOU -6.5 -3.0 50Ω GND Output Drive Current (Sink) ISIN 0.4 0.7 50Ω VSYS1 Open Loop Voltage Gain GVO VIN=-75dBV, f=1kHz 70 Slew Rate SR 0.5 < Battery Charging Circuit > RCHG Pin Bias Voltage VRCHG 0.71 0.81 0.91 CHGVcc=4.5V, RCHG=1.8 kΩ RCHG Pin Output Resistance RRCHG CHGVcc=4.5V, RCHG=0.5 and 0.6V 0.75 0.95 1.2 SEL Pin Leak Current 1 ISELLK1 CHGVcc=4.5V, RCHG=OPEN, 1.0 BATT=4.5V SEL Pin Leak Current 2 ISELLK2 1.0 CHGVcc=0.6V, RCHG=1.8 kΩ, BATT=4.5V SEL Pin Saturation Voltage VSELCG 0.45 1.00 CHGVcc=4.5V, Io=300mA, RCHG=0kΩ 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player Unit nA mV V V mA mA dB V/µs V kΩ µA µA V March, 2004 V1.0 12/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Application Circuit M M Transverse Focus Spindle Tracking 27 26 BRAKE1 26 OUT4R 27 OUT4F 28 OUT3R 29 OUT3F 30 POWGND 31 OUT2F OUT2R 32 OUT1F 33 OUT1R RCHG 1.8k 23 BRAKE1 AMUTE IN1 34 22 MUTE2 EMP 35 HVCC 47u 0.1u + BTL 36 BTL BTL PSW CLK MAXIMUM DETECTION 38 START POWER OFF STARTER + - 39 0.1u OFF 100k 40 CHGVCC 41 + V / I + 18 V / I + 17 V / I + 16 19 IN4 IN3 Vref VSYS2 15 TRIANGLE-WAVE OP+ SEL 42 14 PREGND OPOUT + - 43 + + - 13 PWMFIL VSYS1 Power Unit Power Supply Control Circuit Pow er Supply + 47u DC-DC Converter Circuit 8 0.022u 0.1u 9 10 OP- 7 8.2k 0.1u VIN 6 N.C. 5 SPRT 4 CT + EI 3 DEAD 2 RESET 1 BATT BSEN 470p + +- SW 100k 12 + - EO 44 2200p MUTE34 V / I Pre-Driver Pow er Supply OVER-VOLTAGE TSD IN2 20 TSD 37 47 BTL MUTE34 33u MUTE2 21 11 Filter 470p VOUT + 100u Note : We shall not be liable for any trouble or damage caused by using this circuit. 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 13/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ Circuit Operation 1. H-bridge driver block (1) Gain setting The driver input resistance (ch 1,3 and 4) are 11kΩ typ., ch2 is 7.5 kΩ typ. . Set the gain according to the following formula. ch1 ch2 55k GV=20log 11k+R (db) ch3 ch2 GV=20log 110k 7.5k+R (db) R: Externally-connected input The driver output stage power supply is HVCC(PIN 36), and the bridge circuit power supply is VSYS2(PIN 15). Connect a bypass capacitor between these two power supplies (approximately 0.1µF). (2) Mute function Of the four drivers, ch1 has a brake function, and the other channels have a mute function. When BRAKE1(PIN 23) is set to high level, both ch1 outputs go low level, and the circuit enters brake mode. When MUTE2(PIN 21) is set to high level, the ch2 output is muted. When MUTE34(PIN 19) is set to high level, the ch3 and 4 outputs are muted. (3) Vref drop mute When the voltage applied to Vref(PIN16) is 1.0V or less typ., the driver outputs are set to high impedance. (4) Thermal shutdown When the chip temperature reaches 150°C typ., the output current is cut. The chip starts operating again at about 120°C typ. . 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 14/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ 2. PWM power supply drive block This detects the maximum output level from among the four channels, and supplies the load drive power supply (PIN 36) for the PWM. The external components are a PNP transistor, coil, Schottky diode, and capacitor. 3. DC-DC converter block (1) Output voltage 3.2V typ. Voltage multiplier circuit can be constructed using external components. This voltage can be varied with the addition of an external resistor. The setting method is as follows. VSYS1=1.2 x R1· R3 + R1+R3 R2· R4 R2+R4 (V) R2· R4 R2+R4 R1 = external resistor R2 = external resistor R3 = 35 kΩ R4 = 21 kΩ 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 15/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ (2) Short protect function When the error amplifier output(PIN 6) has switched to the high-level state, SPRT(PIN 8) is charged, and when the voltage reaches 1.2V typ. , the SW(PIN 5) switching stops. The time until switching stops is set by the capacitor connected to SPRT(PIN 8) according to the following formula. t=CSPRT x VTH (sec) (VTH=1.2V, ISPRT=10µA) ISPRT (3) Soft start function The soft start function operates when a capacitor is connected between DEAD(PIN 4) and GND. Also, the maximum duty can be varied by connecting a resistor to PIN 4. t=CDEAD x R(sec) (R=65 kΩ) (4) Power off function When low-level is applied to OFF(PIN 40), SPRT(PIN 8) is charged, and when the voltage reaches 1.2V typ., the SW(PIN 5) switching stops. The time until switching stops is set by the capacitor connected to SPRT(PIN 8) according to the following formula. t=CSPRT VTH OFF (sec) (VTH=1.2V, IOFF=20µA) (5) Over voltage protection circuit When the voltage applied to BSEN(PIN 1) reaches 8.4V typ., SPRT(PIN 8) is charged, and when the voltage reaches 1.2V typ., the SW(PIN 5) switching stops. The time until switching stops is set by the capacitor connected to SPRT(PIN 8) according to the following formula. t=CSPRT x VTH OFF (sec) (VTH=1.2V, IOFF=20µA) 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 16/17 ML1538 _______________________________________________________________ 4. Empty detector block (1) Output voltage When the voltage applied to the BSEN(PIN 1) falls below the detector voltage, EMP(PIN 35) goes from high level to low level (open-collector output). The detector voltage has 50mV typ. of hysteresis to prevent output chattering. Use SEL(PIN 42) to switch the detection voltage as shown below. SEL Detect Voltage Return Voltage L 2.20V typ. 2.25V typ. High-Z 1.80V typ. 1.85V typ. 5. Reset circuit block At about 90% typ. Of the DC-DC converter output voltage, RESET(PIN 3) goes from low level to high level, and AMUTE(PIN 34) goes from high level to low level. The reset voltage has 50mV typ. of hysteresis to prevent output chattering. 6. Charging circuit block The power supply for the charging circuit block is CHGVCC(PIN 41), and is independent from the other circuits. The resistance between RCHG(PIN 33) and GND sets the charging current. This current is drawn from SEL(PIN 42). A thermal shutdown circuit is provided, and when the chip temperature reaches 150°C typ. the charging current is cut. The chip starts operating again at about 120°C typ. . The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. 4ch Motor Driver for Portable CD Player March, 2004 V1.0 17/17