Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02, March 2009 ICB1FL03G Smart Ballast Control IC for Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts Industrial & Multimarket ICB1FL03G Revision History: 2009-03 Previous Version: V 1.01 Page V 1.02 Subjects (major changes since last revision) Edition 2009-03 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2009 Infineon Technologies AG. All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. ICB1FL03G Smart Ballast Control IC for Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts Product Highlights PG-DSO-18-2 • Lowest Count of external Components • HV-Driver with coreless Transformer Technology • Improved Reliability and minimized Spread due to digital and optimized analog control functions Description Features PFC • • • • PG-DSO-18-1 Discontinuous Conduction Mode PFC Integrated Compensation of PFC Control Loop Adjustable PFC Current Limitation Adjustable PFC Bus Voltage The Smart Ballast IC is designed to control a Fluorescent Lamp Ballast including a Discontinuous Conduction Mode Power Factor Correction (PFC), a lamp Inverter Control and a High Voltage Level Shift Half-Bridge Driver. Features Lamp Ballast Inverter The application requires a minimum of external • Supports Restart after Lamp Removal and End-of- components. There are integrated low pass filters and an Life Detection even in serial Multi-Lamp Topologies internal compensation for the PFC voltage loop control. • End-of-Life (EOL) detected by adjustable Preheating time is adjustable by a single resistor only in ± Thresholds of sensed lamp voltage the range between 0 and 2000ms. In the same way the • Rectifier Effect detected by ratio of ± Amplitude of preheating frequency and run frequency are set by Lamp Voltage resistors only. The control concept covers requirements • Detection of different capacitive Mode Operations for T5 lamp ballasts such as detection of end-of-life and • Adjustable Inverter Overcurrent Shutdown detection of capacitive mode operation and other • Self-adaption of Ignition Time from 40ms to 235ms protection measures in serial multilamp topologies. • Parameters adjustable by Resistors only ICB1FL03G is easy to use and easy to design and • Pb-free lead plating; RoHS compliant therefore a basis for a cost effective solution for • Halogen-free mould compound, WEEE compliant fluorescent lamp ballasts. R41 R13 PFCZCD R14 R15 Q1 R2 90 ... 270 VAC PFCGD R16 PFCVS R11 C10 R3 GND C3 R12 RFRUN PFCCS C2 PE ICB1FL03G R1 LSGD R18 R19 C11 R20 D9 C14 R27 C24 Q3 C16 C18 D6 K6 D7 R30 R24R25 D8 C61 SMD R36 D61 C19 SMD-Z Type Package ICB1FL03G PG-DSO-18-2 Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 K5 R61 R21R22R23 C13 C12 K1 L2 C15 HSVCC HSGND C17 R26 LSCS RFPH C4 HSGD VCC C1 K2 Q2 LVS D5 RES D1...4 R42 R43 R35 RTPH C5 L10 R34 L1 3 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Table of Contents Page 1 1.1 1.2 Pin Configuration and Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Pin Configuration PG-DSO-18-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Typical operating levels during start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 PFC Preconverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Typical operating levels during start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Detection of End-of-Life and Rectifier Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Detection of capacitive mode operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Interruption of Operation and Restart after Lamp Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 4 State Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 5 Protection Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.2.1 6.3.2.2 6.3.2.3 6.3.2.4 6.3.2.5 6.3.3 6.3.3.1 6.3.3.2 6.3.3.3 6.3.3.4 6.3.3.5 6.3.3.6 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Power Supply Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 PFC Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 PFC Current Sense (PFCCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 PFC Zero Current Detector (PFCZCD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 PFC Bus Voltage Sense (PFCVS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 PFC PWM Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 PFC Gate Drive (PFCGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Inverter Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Inverter Control (RFRUN, RFPH, RTPH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Inverter Low Side Current Sense (LSCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Restart after Lamp Removal (RES) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Lamp Voltage Sense (LVS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Inverter Low Side Gate Drive (LSGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Inverter High Side Gate Drive (HSGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 Application Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Operating Behaviour of a Ballast for a single Fluorescent Lamp . . . . . . . . .29 Design Equations of a Ballast Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Multilamp Ballast Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 8 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 4 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Pin Configuration and Description 1 Pin Configuration and Description 1.1 Pin Configuration PG-DSO-18-2 Pin Symbol Function 1 LSCS Low side current sense (inverter) 2 LSGD Low side gate drive (inverter) 3 VCC Supply voltage 4 GND Controller ground 5 PFCGD PFC gate drive 6 PFCCS PFC current sense 7 PFCZCD PFC zero current detector 8 PFCVS PFC voltage sense 9 RFRUN Set R for run frequency 10 RFPH Set R for preheating frequency 11 RTPH Set R for preheating time 12 RES Restart after lamp removal 13 LVS Lamp voltage sense 14 n.c. Not connected 15 n.e. Not existing 16 n.e. Not existing 17 HSGND High side ground 18 HSVCC High side supply voltage 19 HSGD High side gate drive 20 HSGND High side ground 1 20 N.C. 2 19 HSGD VCC 3 18 HSVCC GND 4 17 HSGND PFCGD 5 ICB1FL03G LSCS LSGD 1.2 LSGD (Low side gate drive, Pin 2) The Gate of the low-side MOSFET in a half-bridge inverter topology is controlled by this pin. There is an active L-level during UVLO (undervoltage lockout) and a limitation of the max. H-level at 11V during normal operation. Turning on the MOSFET softly (with reduced diDRAIN/dt), the Gate drive voltage rises within 220ns from L-level to H-level. The fall time of the Gate drive voltage is less than 50ns in order to turn off quickly. This measure produces different switching speeds during turn-on and turn-off as it is usually achieved with a diode in parallel to a resistor in the Gate drive loop. It is recommended to use a resistor of about 15Ohm between drive pin and Gate in order to avoid oscillations and in order to shift the power dissipation of discharging the Gate capacitance into this resistor. The dead time between LSGD signal and HSGD signal is 1800ns typically. VCC (Supply voltage, Pin 3) This pin provides the power supply of the ground related section of the IC. There is a turn-on threshold at 14V and an UVLO threshold at 10,5V. Upper supply voltage level is 17,5V. There is an internal zener diode clamping Vcc at 16V (2mA typically). The zener current is internally limited to 5mA max. For higher current levels an external zener diode is required. Current consumption during UVLO and during fault mode is less than 150µA. A ceramic capacitor close to the supply and GND pin is required in order to act as a lowimpedance power source for Gate drive and logic signal currents. 16 PFCCS 6 PFCZCD 7 14 N.C. PFCVS 8 13 LVS RFRUN 9 12 RES RFPH 10 11 RTPH 15 GND (Ground, Pin 4) This pin is connected to ground and represents the ground level of the IC for supply voltage, Gate drive and sense signals. PG-DSO-18-2 (300mil) Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 Pin Description LSCS (Low side current sense, Pin 1) This pin is directly connected to the shunt resistor which is located between the Source terminal of the low-side MOSFET of the inverter and ground. Internal clamping structures and filtering measures allow for sensing the Source current of the low-side inverter MOSFET without additional filter components. There is a first threshold of 0,8V, which provides a couple of increasing steps of frequency during ignition mode, if exceeded by the sensed current signal for a time longer than 250ns. If the sensed current signal exceeds a second threshold of 1,6V for longer than 400ns during all operating modes, a latched shut down of the IC will be the result. 5 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Pin Configuration and Description PFCGD (PFC gate drive, Pin 5) The Gate of the MOSFET in the PFC preconverter designed in boost topology is controlled by this pin. There is an active L-level during UVLO and a limitation of the max. H-level at 11V during normal operation. Turning on the MOSFET softly (with a reduced diDRAIN/ dt), the Gate drive voltage rises within 220ns from Llevel to H-level. The fall time of the Gate voltage is less than 50ns in order to turn off quickly. A resistor of about 15Ω between drive pin and Gate in order to avoid oscillations and in order to shift the power dissipation of discharging the Gate capacitance into this resistor is recommended. The PFC section of the IC controls a boost converter as a PFC preconverter in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Typically the control starts with Gate drive pulses with an on-time of 1µs increasing up to 24µs and a off-time of 40µs. As soon as a sufficient ZCD (zero current detector) signal is available, the operating mode changes from a fixed frequent operation to an operation with variable frequency. During rated and medium load conditions we get an operation with critical conduction mode (CritCM), that means triangular shaped currents in the boost converter choke without gaps when reaching the zero level and variable operating frequency. During light load (detected by the internal error amplifier) we get an operation with discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), that means triangular shaped currents in the boost converter choke with gaps when reaching the zero level and variable operating frequency in order to avoid steps in the consumed line current. and source current of the sense pin, when the voltage of the ZCD winding exceeds the internal clamping levels (6,3V and -2,9V @ 4mA) of the IC. If the sensed level of the ZCD winding is not sufficient (e.g. during start-up), an internal start-up timer will initiate a new cycle every 40µs after turn-off of the PFC Gate drive. PFCVS (PFC voltage sense, Pin 8) The intermediate circuit voltage (bus voltage) at the smoothing capacitor is sensed by a resistive divider at this pin. The internal reference voltage for rated bus voltage is 2,5V. There are further thresholds at 0,375V (15% of rated bus voltage), 1,83V (73% of rated bus voltage) and 2,725V (109% of rated bus voltage) for detecting open control loop, undervoltage and overvoltage. RFRUN (Set R for run frequency, Pin 9) A resistor from this pin to ground sets the operating frequency of the inverter during run mode. Typical run frequency range is 20kHz to 100kHz. The set resistor RRFRUN can be calculated based on the run frequency fRUN according to the equation R 8 ⋅ 10 ΩHz= 5---------------------------f RUN RFPH (Set R for preheating frequency, Pin 10) A resistor from this pin to ground sets together with the resistor at pin 9 the operating frequency of the inverter during preheat mode. Typical preheat frequency range is run frequency (as a minimum) to 150kHz. The set resistor RRFPH can be calculated based on the preheat frequency fPH and the resistor RRFRUN according to the equation: R RFRUN R = ------------------------------------------------RFPH f PH ⋅ R RFRUN ---------------------------------------- – 1 8 5 ⋅ 10 ΩHz PFCCS (PFC current sense, Pin 6) The voltage drop across a shunt resistor located between Source of the PFC MOSFET and GND is sensed with this pin. If the level exceeds a threshold of 1V for longer than 260ns the PFC Gate drive is turned off as long as the ZCD (zero current detector) enables a new cycle. If there is no ZCD signal available within 40µs after turn-off of the PFC Gate drive, a new cycle is initiated from an internal start-up timer. The total value of both resistors RRFPH and RRFRUN switched in parallel should not be less than 3,3kOhm. PFCZCD (PFC zero current detection, Pin 7) This pin senses the point of time when the current through the boost inductor becomes zero during offtime of the PFC MOSFET in order to initiate a new cycle. The moment of interest appears when the voltage of the separate ZCD winding changes from positive to negative level which represents a voltage of zero at the inductor windings and therefore the end of current flow from lower input voltage level to higher output voltage level. There is a threshold with hysteresis, for increasing voltage a level of 1,5V, for decreasing voltage a level of 0,5V, that detects the change of inductor voltage. A resistor connected between ZCD winding and sense input limits the sink Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 RFRUN RTPH (Set R for preheating time, Pin 11) A resistor from this pin to ground sets the preheating time of the inverter during preheat mode. A set resistor range from zero to 18kOhm corresponds to a range of preheating time from zero to 2000ms subdivided in 127 steps. RES (Restart after lamp removal, Pin 12) A source current out of this pin via resistor and filament to ground monitors the existence of the low-side filament of the fluorescent lamp for restart after lamp 6 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Pin Configuration and Description removal. A capacitor from this pin directly to ground eliminates a superimposed AC voltage that is generated as a voltage drop across the low-side filament. During typical start-up with connected filaments of the lamp a current source IRES3 (20µA) is active as long as Vcc> 10,5V and VRES< VRESC1 (1,6V). An open Lowside filament is detected, when VRES> VRESC1. Such a condition will prevent the start-up of the IC. In addition the comparator threshold is set to VRESC2 (1,3V) and the current source changes to IRES4 (17µA). Now the system is waiting for a voltage level lower than VRESC2 at the RES-Pin that indicates a connected low-side filament, which will enable the start-up of the IC. An open high-side filament is detected when there is no sink current ILVSsink (15µA) into the LVS-Pin before the VCC start-up threshold is reached. Under these conditions the current source at the RES-Pin is IRES1 (41µA) as long as Vcc> 10,5V and VRES< VRESC1 (1,6V) and the current source is IRES2 (34µA) when the threshold has changed to VRESC2 (1,3V). In this way the detection of the high-side filament is mirrored to the levels on the RES-Pin. Finally there is a delay function implemented at the RES-Pin. When a fault condition happens e.g. by an end-of-life criteria the inverter is turned-off. In some topologies a transient AC lamp voltage may occur immediately after shut down of the Gate drives which could be interpreted as a lamp removal. In order to generate a delay for the detection of a lamp removal the capacitor at the RES-Pin is charged by the IRES3 (20µA) current source up to the threshold VRESC1 (1,6V) and discharged by an internal resistor RRESdisch , which operates in parallel to the external sense resistor at this pin, to the threshold VRESC3 (0,375V). The total delay amounts to 32 of these cycles, which corresponds to a delay time between 30ms to 100ms dependent on capacitor value. In addition this pin is applied to sense capacitive mode operation by use of a further capacitor connected from this pin to the nod of the high-side MOSFET’s Source terminal and the low-side MOSFET’s Drain terminal. The sense capacitor and the filter capacitor are acting as a capacitive voltage divider that allows for detecting voltage slopes versus timing sequence and therefore indicating capacitive mode operation. A typical ratio of the capacitive divider is 410V/2,2V which results in the capacitor values e.g. of 10nF and 53pF (56pF). the two thresholds of either +215µA or -215µA cycle by cycle for longer than 610µs, the interpretation of this event is a failure due to EOL1 (end-of-life). A rectifier effect (EOL2) is assumed if the ratio of the sequence of positive and negative amplitudes is above 1,15 or below 0,85 for longer than 500ms. A failure due to EOL1 or EOL2 changes the operating mode from run mode into a latched fault mode that stops the operation until a reset occurs by lamp removal or by cycle of power. EOL1 and EOL2 require an AC current with zerocrossings at LVS-Pin for a reliable detection. A DC current at LVS-Pin results in a definite turn-off action acc. to EOL1 only if the sensed current exceeds the threshold ILVSEOLDC= +/-175µA (typically). If the functionality of this pin is not required it can be disabled by connecting this pin to ground. Not Connected (Pin 14) This pin is internally not connected. HSGND (High side ground, Pin 17) This pin is connected to the Source terminal of the high-side MOSFET, which is also the nod of high-side and low-side MOSFET. This pin represents the floating ground level of the high-side driver and high-side supply. HSVCC (High side supply voltage, Pin 18) This pin provides the power supply of the high-side ground related section of the IC. An external capacitor between pin 15 and 16 acts like a floating battery which has to be recharged cycle by cycle via high voltage diode from low-side supply voltage during on-time of the low-side MOSFET. There is an UVLO threshold with hysteresis that enables high-side section at 10,1V and disables it at 8,4V. HSGD (High side gate drive, Pin 19) The Gate of the high-side MOSFET in a half-bridge inverter topology is controlled by this pin. There is an active L-level during UVLO and a limitation of the max. H-level at 11V during normal operation. The switching characteristics are the same as described for LSGD (pin 2). It is recommended to use a resistor of about 15Ohm between drive pin and Gate in order to avoid oscillations and in order to shift the power dissipation of discharging the Gate capacitance into this resistor. The dead time between LSGD signal and HSGD signal is 1800ns typically. LVS (Lamp voltage sense, Pin 13) Before the IC enters the softstart mode this pin has to sense a sink current above 26µA (max) which is fed via resistors from the bus voltage across the high-side filament of the fluorescent lamp in order to monitor the existence of the filament for restart after lamp removal. Together with RES (pin 12) the IC can monitor the lamp removal of totally 2 lamps in series. During run mode the lamp voltage is sensed by the AC current fed into this pin via resistors. Exceeding one of Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 HSGND (High side ground, Pin 20) This pin is internally connected with pin 17. 7 March 2009 Figure 1 Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 8 PFCVS RES 11 8 12 RFPH RFRUN LVS RTPH 10 9 13 C3 0,375V 1,3V 1,6V C5 C4 C3 CAPLOAD-RES 54k & G2 VBUS OPEN LOOP DETECT PFC_VS C2 5µs Blank VBUS UNDERVOLTAGE 5µs Blank C3 VBUS OVERVOLTAGE 5µs Blank PFC_PWM_IN DIGITAL LOOP CONTROL C1 VREF = 2,50V 8-Bit ADC 1 G5 N N+1 N+2 VPEAK(N+1) VPEAK(N) Peak Rectification T1 5 µs Blank 5 µs Blank 5 µs Blank Delay generator for activating lamp removal after fault latch is set. Lamp insert detection for VRES < 1,6V during power down. T1 & G6 OFF_H LAMP _INSERT_ H UVLO _L OPEN_LOOP_L LVS_L 0,24V C2 INV 1 G2 D Q G3 D Q G1 D Q INVERTER OVERCURRENT OPERATION ABOVE RUN FREQUENCY END-OF-LIFE 1 CAPACITIVE LOAD 2 = min.duration of effect: 610µs Up & Down Counte r min.du ration of effect: 5 00ms & VD S VD S Q 1 Q POWER_DOWN_L R FAULT LATCH S 1 r ef v OPEN_FILAMENT CA PLOAD1 LVS ERROR_LOGIC LAMP_INSERT_H CA PLOAD2 CAP LOAD2 CAP LOAD1 Capacitive Load Detection 1 min.du ratio n of e ffect: 400ns 2 35ms after en d of p reheat mode 1 1 LVS END-OF-LIFE Q > 1,15.........=> Q = H = 0,85..1,15=> Q = L < 0,85….....=> Q = H VPEAK(N) VPEAK(N+1) LS GDIN_H HSGDIN_H END-OF-LIFE 2 CAPACITIVE LOAD 1 OPEN FILAMENT VBUS OVERVOLTAGE E OLACTIVE_H I LVS 5,0V I3= 20µA; VRES< 1,6V; VCC> 10,5V; ILVS > 15µA; or during run mode I1= 41µA; VRES< 1,6V; VCC> 10,5V; ILVS < 15µA; I4= 17µA; VRES> 1,6V; VCC> 10,5V; ILVS > 15µA; 3,2V I2= 34µA; VRES> 1,6V; VCC> 10,5V; ILVS < 15µA; C1 I5= 41µA & 0µA alternating for 32 cycles as a delay; VTH = 0,375V VTH = 1,83V VTH 1= 2,725V VTH 2= 2,625V R2 R1 OP1 A v= 2.5 C4 +215µA -215µA 1 G4 T1 VCC LINSERT_H C1 D3 D Q G3 EN POWE R_DOWN_L OFF_ H EN=L => S tatus Latched EOLOFF_L 1 G1 15µA D1 D2 LVS IL VS 2,0V C2 H = on L = off R1 R1 Bia s Ce ll1 OP POWER_DOWN_L OSC DSC dac7 VT H=10,5V C2 VT H1=14,0V VT H2=10,5V C1 dac 7 I OSC 5,0V C1 OFF_ H POWERSUPPLY G3 VDD_good_H & 5µs B lank 5V UVLO 5µs B lank PHE ND_H Int. Supply T1 5,0V VCO dac7, dac4 = GND during run mode, otherwise transient voltage levels (0..2,5V) O SC IoscÆ fosc Oscillator T1 MCLOCK_SPI Bandgap SPI Digital Vref=2.5V for sequential Test Master control Mode Clock PHEND_H Z1 16V @2mA VCC dac4 T2 Softstart and Preheat Mode T2 Other Modes Bias Cell 3 OP Preheat Mode Other Modes Bias Cell 2 OP Bias Cell 1 OP Other Modes Run Mode PREHEAT_TIMER RTPH S1 2,0V dac7 RFPH S3 2,5V RFRUN 2,5V S2 dac7 S1 dac4 Coreless T. 1,8µs Dead time PWM inverter PFCPWM Start-up timer off-time 40µs DSC PFC_ PWM_IN PFCGDIN PFC PWM & Control 1,6V D1 D2 1.0V PFCCS R2 D2 D1 D1 C1 PFCGD T1 T2 R1 Z1 D1 D2 LSGD T1 T2 0,8V INVCLIM C2 C1 D1 D2 HSGD T1 T2 Z1 Z1 5,0V D3 26 0ns Blank VTH 1=1,5V VTH 2=0,5V C2 P FC_ZCD VCC 1 G1 PFC_CLIM t 1 VCC G1 250ns B lank IGN-LIM 0 220ns 1 G1 400ns B lank INV_OC t VGATE slope control Z1 =12V PFCGDIN INVPWM DSC HS t slope control 0 220ns VGATE Z1 =12V 0 220ns VGAT E slope control Z1 =12V LS LS HS PFCZCD PFCCS PFCGD LSCS GND LSGD VCC HSGND HSGD HSVCC 7 6 5 1 4 2 3 17 19 18 2 I1 = 5µA 5V ICB1FL03G Block Diagram Block Diagram Simplified Blockdiagram of ICB1FL03G March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description 3 Functional Description 3.1 Typical operating levels during start-up The control of the ballast should be able to start the operation within less than 100ms. Therefore the current consumption of the IC is less than 150µA during UVLO. With a small start-up capacitor (about 1µF) and a power supply, that feeds within 100µs (charge pump of the inverter) the IC can cover this feature. As long as the Vcc is less than 10,5V, the current consumption is typically 80µA. Above a Vcc voltage level of 10,5V the IC checks whether the lamp(s) are assembled by detecting a current across the filaments. The low-side filament is checked from a source current (20µA typ.) out of pin RES, that produces a voltage drop at the sense resistor, which is connected via low-side filament to ground. An open filament is detected, when the voltage level at pin RES is above 1,6V. The high-side filament (or the high-side of a series topology) is checked by a current (15µA typ.) into the LVS pin. An open high-side filament causes a higher source current (41µA / 34µA typ.) out of pin RES in order to exceed the 1,6V threshold. If the filament is not able to conduct the test current, the control circuit is disabled. The IC is enabled as soon as a sufficient current is detected across the filament or the supply voltage drops below the UVLO threshold (10,5V) e.g. by turn-off and turn-on of mains switch. VCC 14,0V 10,5V UVLO START-UP HYSTERESIS IC ACTIVE SOFTSTART t IVCC 80µA 80µA <150µA 5mA + QGate t VRES 3,2V 1,6V <3,2V t IRES 20µA 20µA t ILVS >15µA >15µA < +/- 2,5mA Figure 2 t Progress of levels during a typical start-up. When the previous conditions are fulfilled, and Vcc has reached the start-up threshold (14V), there is finally a check of the Bus voltage. If the level is less than 15% of rated Bus voltage, the IC is waiting in power down mode until the voltage increases. If the level is above 109% of rated Bus voltage there is no Gate drive, but an active IC. The supply voltage Vcc will fall below the UVLO threshold and a new start-up attempt is initiated. As soon as start-up conditions are fulfilled the IC starts driving the inverter with the start-up frequency of 125kHz. Now the complete control including timers and the PFC control can be set in action. There are current limitation thresholds for PFC preconverter and ballast inverter equipped with spike filters. The PFC current limitation interrupts the on-time of the PFC MOSFET if the voltage drop at shunt resistor exceeds 1V and restarts after next input from ZCD. The inverter current limitation operates with a first threshold of 0,8V which increases the operating frequency during ignition mode if exceeded. A second threshold is provided at 1,6V that stops the whole control circuit and latches this event as a fault. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 9 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description VCC 16,0V 14,0V 10,5V LS FILAMENT OPEN UVLO HS FILAMENT CLOSED START-UP HYSTERESIS IVCC 80µA LAMP REMOVAL VRES> 1,3V IC ACTIVE SOFTSTART LS + HS OPEN t <170µA 80µA 5mA + QGate <150µA t VRES 5,0V 3,2V 1,6V 1,3V <3,2V t IRES 20µA 20µA 34µA 17µA 17µA 20µA t ILVS >15µA >15µA >15µA < +/- 2,5mA t POWER DOWN SIGNAL H t Figure 3 Start-up with LS filament broken and subsequent lamp removal. VCC 16,0V 14,0V 10,5V HS FILAMENT OPEN UVLO LS FILAMENT CLOSED START-UP HYSTERESIS IVCC 80µA LAMP REMOVAL VRES> 1,3V IC ACTIVE SOFTSTART LS + HS OPEN 80µA t 5mA + QGate <150µA <170µA t VRES 5,0V 3,2V 1,6V 1,3V <3,2V 1,3V t IRES 20µA 41µA 34µA 34µA 17µA 20µA t ILVS >15µA >15µA < +/- 2,5mA t POWER DOWN SIGNAL H t Figure 4 Start-up with HS filament broken and subsequent lamp removal. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 10 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description 3.2 PFC Preconverter PFC is starting with a fixed frequent operation (ca. 25kHz), beginning with an on-time of 1µs and an off-time of 40µs. The on-time is enlarged every 400µs to a maximum on-time of 23µs. The control switches over into critical conduction mode (CritCM) operation as soon as a sufficient ZCD signal is available. There is an overvoltage threshold at 109% of rated Bus voltage that stops PFC Gate drive as long as the Bus voltage has reached a level of 105% of rated Bus voltage again. The compensation of the voltage control loop is completely integrated. The internal reference level of the Bus voltage sense (PFCVS) is 2,5V with high accuracy. The PFC control operates in CritCM in the range of 23µs > on-time > 2,3µs. For lower loads the control operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with an on-time down to 0,5µs and an increasing off-time. With this control method the PFC preconverter covers a stable operation from 100% of load to 0,1% . R13 R11 C10 PFCVS R3 RFRUN GND R12 VCC PFCCS C2 HSVCC HSGND LSGD LSCS RES PFCGD R16 R2 ICB1FL03G 90 ... 270 VAC HSGD R15 Q1 RFPH R1 PE LVS PFCZCD R14 RTPH D5 C1 AUX R34 L1 L101 D1...4 R18R19 C11 R20 D9 C12 Figure 5 R21R22R23 C13 Circuit Diagram of the PFC preconverter section. Overvoltage, undervoltage and open loop detection at pin PFCVS are sensed by analog comparators. The BUS voltage loop control is provided by a 8bit sigma-delta A/D-Converter with a sampling rate of 400µs and a resolution of 4mV/bit. So a range of +/- 0,5V from the reference level of 2,50V is covered. The digital error signal has to pass a digital notch filter in order to suppress the AC voltage ripple of twice of the mains frequency. A subsequent error amplifier with PI characteristic cares for stable operation of the PFC preconverter. The zero current detection is sensed by a separate pin PFCZCD. The information of finished current flow during demagnetization is required in CritCM and in DCM as well. The input is equipped with a special filtering including a blanking of typically 500ns and is combined with a large hysteresis between the thresholds of typically 0,5V and 1,5V. In case of bad coupling between primary inductor winding and secondary ZCD-winding an additional filtering by a capacitor at ZCD pin might be necessary in order to avoid mistriggering by long lasting oscillations during switching slopes of the PFC MOSFET. PFCVS Σ∆-ADC SRate 400µs Res 4mV/bit PFCGD Notch Filter PI Loop Control Pulse width Generator Undervoltage 73% +/- 2,5% Overcurrent Protection 1,0V +/-5% Overvoltage 109% +/-2,0% ZCD 1,50V / 0,5V Start-up Open Loop Detection 15% +/- 20% Clock 600kHz Gate Driver PFCCS PFCZCD Figure 6 Reference 2,50V +/-1,5% Structure of the mixed digital and analog control of PFC preconverter. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 11 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description Discontinuous Conduction Mode <> Critical Conduction Mode 1000 Operating Frequency (kHz) at VIN = VOUT/2 identification markings filled Relative Power % identification markings unfilled 100 10 100 1 10 0,1 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 1 256 Digital Control Steps Figure 7 Relative output power and operating frequency of PFC control at VIN = VOUT /2 versus control step. Discontinuous Conduction Mode <> Critical Conduction Mode 1000 Operating Frequency (kHz) at VIN = VOUT/2 identification markings filled On-Time (µs) identification markings unfilled 100 10 100 1 10 0 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 1 256 Digital Control Steps Figure 8 On-time and operating frequency of PFC control at VIN = VOUT /2 versus control step. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 12 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description 3.3 Typical operating levels during start-up Within 10ms after start-up the inverter shifts operating frequency from 125kHz to the preheating frequency set by resistor at pin RFPH. Preheating time can be selected by programming resistor at RFPH pin in steps of 17ms from 0ms to 2000ms. After preheating the operating frequency of the inverter is shifted downwards in 40ms typically to the run frequency. During this frequency shifting the voltage and current in the resonant circuit will rise when operating close to the resonant frequency with increasing voltage across the lamp. As soon as the lower current sense level (0,8V) is reached, the frequency shift downwards is stopped and increased by a couple of frequency steps in order to limit the current and the ignition voltage also. The procedure of shifting the operating frequency up and down in order to stay within the max ignition level is limited to a time frame of 235ms. If there is no ignition within this time the control is disabled and the status is latched as a fault mode. Typical variation of operating frequency during start-up 125kHz f,V Frequency 65kHz 50kHz 40kHz Lamp Voltage 10ms 0-2000ms 40-235ms 250ms Softstart Preheating Ignition Pre-Run t Normal Operation Softstart proceeds in 15 steps à 650µs according ∆fPH = (120kHz - f PH)/ 15steps. Ignition proceeds in 127 steps à 324µs according ∆fIGN = (fPH - fRUN)/ 127steps. Figure 9 Typical variation of operating frequency and lamp voltage during start-up. 1000 900 800 Ignition Lamp Voltage 700 600 500 400 Without Load 300 Run 200 100 With Load After Ignition 0 10000 Preheating 100000 Operating Frequency Figure 10 Typical lamp voltage versus operating frequency due to load change of the resonant circuit. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 13 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description 3.4 Detection of End-of-Life and Rectifier Effect After ignition the lamp voltage breaks down to its run voltage level (typically 50Vpeak to 300Vpeak). Reaching the run frequency there follows a time period of 250ms called Pre-Run Mode, in which some of the monitoring features (EOL1, EOL2, Cap.Load1) are still disabled. In the subsequent Run Mode the End-of-life (EOL) monitoring is enabled. The event EOL1 is detected by measuring the positive and negative peak level of the lamp voltage by a current fed into the LVS pin (R41, R42, R43 in Fig. 11). If the sensed current exceeds 215µA for longer than 610µs the status end-of-life (EOL1) or the exceeding of the maximum output power is detected. In Fig. 12 the different levels of the sensed lamp voltage are illustrated. R41 R34 LVS AUX R35 PFCZCD ICB1FL03G C17 HSVCC HSGND LSGD C15 C18 RES RTPH C24 Q3 C14 R27 LSCS RFPH VCC GND PFCCS RFRUN C10 PFCVS L2 Q2 R26 HSGD PFCGD R42 R43 D6 D7 C16 R36 R61 D9 Figure 11 R21R22R23 C13 D8 R30 R24 R25 C19 D61 SMD-Z Circuit diagram of the lamp inverter section. + Shut down level + Ignition level VLAMP-IGN + EOL Threshold IVL+PEAKI/IV L-PEAKI 0 t VLAMP-RUN - EOL Threshold - Ignition level - Shut down level Figure 12 Sensed lamp voltage levels. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 14 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description 2,5 2,4 2,3 Ratio of high er Amplitude / smaller Amplitude 2,2 2,1 2 1,9 1,8 1,7 1,6 1,5 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,1 1 0 50 100 150 I LVS = Lamp Voltage / Sense Resistor [uA] Figure 13 200 250 of smaller Amplitude Maximum ratio of amplitudes versus sense current. Furthermore the rectification effect (EOL2) is detected when the ratio of the higher amplitude divided by the smaller amplitude of the lamp voltage is bigger than illustrated in Fig. 13. for longer than 500ms. The ratio is evaluated each cycle of the lamp voltage. The limit of the ratio increases dependend on the peak current of the smaller amplitude of the lamp voltage from 1,15 at ILVS= 200µA nonlinear to 1,4 at ILVS= 50µA. If the EOL2 conditions are detected, the control is disabled and the status is latched as a failure mode. Measuring the duration of incorrect operating conditions is done by a check every 4ms. If the fault condition is existing, a counter counts up, if the fault condition is not existing, the counter counts down. So we get an integration of the fault events that allows a very effective monitoring of strange operating conditions. The detection of EOL1 and EOL2 requires an AC current input at the sense pin LVS for proper operation. A DC current at pin LVS will lead to a defined reaction only, if the level exeeds 175µA (typically) for longer than 610µs which results in a shut down and change over into the latched failure mode. 3.5 Detection of capacitive mode operating conditions If there happens a situation like an open resonant circuit (e.g. a sudden break of the tube) the voltage across the resonant capacitor and current through the shunt of the low-side inverter MOSFET rise quickly. This event is detected by inverter current limitation (1,6V) and results in shut down of the control. This status is latched as a failure mode. In another kind of failure the operation of the inverter may leave the zero voltage switching (ZVS) and move into capacitive mode operation or into operation below resonance. There are two different levels for capacitive mode detection implemented in the IC. A first criteria detects low deviations from ZVS (CapLoad1) and changes operation into fault mode, if this operation lasts longer than 500ms. For CapLoad1 the same counter is used as for the end-of-life evaluation. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 15 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description A second threshold detects severe deviations such as rectangular shapes of voltage during operation below resonance (CapLoad2). Then the inverter is turned off as soon as these conditions last longer than 610µs and the IC changes over into fault mode. The evaluation of the failure condition is done by an up and down counter which samples the status every 40µs. CapLoad1 is sensed in the moment when low-side Gate drive is turned on. If the voltage level at pin RES is above the VREScap threshold (typ. 0,24V) related to the level VRESLLV, conditions of CapLoad1 are assumed. CapLoad2 is sensed in the moment when the high-side Gate drive is turned on. If the voltage level at pin RES is below the VREScap threshold related to the level VRESLLV, conditions of CapLoad2 are assumed. As the reference level VRESLLV is a floating level, it is updated every on-time of the low-side MOSFET. D61 limits voltage transients at pin RES that can occur during removal of the lamp in run mode. VDSLS t IDLS V RES VRESCAP VRESLLV tCAPM1 tCAPM2 t Gate HS t Gate LS Deadtime Figure 14 3.6 t Levels and points in time for detection of CapLoad1 and CapLoad2. Interruption of Operation and Restart after Lamp Removal In the event of a failing operation the fault latch is set after the specified reaction time (e.g. 500ms at EOL2). Then the Gate drives are shut down immediately, the control functions are disabled and the current consumption is reduced to a level of 150µA (typically). Vcc is clamped by internal zener diode to max 17,5V at 2mA. So the internal zener diode is only designed to limit Vcc when fed from the start-up current, but not from the charge pump supply! There is a current limitation at the internal zener diode function (max 5mA at Vcc= 17,5V) in order to avoid conflicts with the clamping level of the external zener diode. The capacitor at pin RES is discharged and charged during 32 cycles in order to generate a delay of several 10ms. The delay is implemented for avoiding malfunctions in detecting the lamp removal due to voltage transients that can occur after shut down. The reset of the fault latch happens after exceeding the 1,6V threshold at pin RES and enabling the IC after lamp removal and subsequent decreasing voltage level at pin RES below the 1,3V threshold. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 16 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Functional Description The status failure mode is kept as long until a lamp removal is detected (interruption of current across filaments and detection of the return of the current) or the supply voltage drops below UVLO. After a break down of the supply voltage below the undervoltage lockout (UVLO) threshold the IC resets any failure latch and will try to restart as soon as Vcc exceeds the start-up threshold. An undervoltage (75%) of the bus voltage will not be latched as a fault condition. If the undervoltage lasts longer than 80µs the Gate drives are switched off and the IC tries to restart after a Vcc hysteresis has been passed. VCC 16,0V 14,0V LAMP REMOVAL LS + HS OPEN V 10,5V IC FAULT LATCH ACTIVE SET E.G. BY EOL RES>1,3V IC ACTIVE SOFTSTART t IVCC 5mA + QGate <170µA <150µA 5mA + QGate t VRES 5,0V 3,2V 1,6V 1,3V 0,375V 1,6V <3,2V 1,3V t IRES 41µA 20µA 20µA ILVS <2,5mA >15µA POWER DOWN SIGNAL FAULT LATCH SIGNAL Figure 15 34µA 17µA 20µA t 32 CYCLES (>50ms typically) >15µA >15µA < +/- 2,5mA t TRANSIENT AT LVS PIN H H t SET SIGNAL RESET SIGNAL t Interruption of operation by a fault condition and subsequent lamp removal. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 17 March 2009 ICB1FL03G State Diagram 4 State Diagram Mains Switch turned on; 0 < Vcc < 10,5V; IS< 80µA; IRES= 0µA 10,5 < Vcc < 14,0V; IS< 150µA; IRES= 20µA 10,5 < Vcc < 16,0V; IRES= 20µA; f= F_RUN 10,5 < Vcc < 16,0V; Vcc > 14,0V & VRES< 1,6V=> Start 125kHz > f > F_PH; 10,5 < Vcc < 16,0V; f= F_PH 62ms UVLO 35ms Monitoring BUS Overvoltage >109% 10ms Softstart active 0ms …2000ms Preheating active BUS Undervoltage <75% 10,5 < Vcc < 16,0V; F_PH > f > F_RUN 40ms …235ms Ignition 250ms Pre - Run 500ms Run active active active active active act,Restar act,Restart t active active active active active , & 0,8V active active (80µs) BUS Open Loop <15% active active Overcurrent Overcurrent PFC PFC 1,0V 1,0V active active Overcurrent Inverter 1,6V active active Capacitive Capacitive Load Load 2 2 Earliest Stop by EOL f= F_RUN active (300ns) (605µs) Cap.Load1; EOL1,2 active active Fault Mode: disabled by Lamp Removal or UVLO; 10,5 < Vcc< 16,0V; IS< 150µA; IRES= 20µA Figure 16 State Diagram Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 18 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Protection Functions 5 Protection Functions +/- Peak Level of Lamp Voltage above threshold EOL1 610µs X Power down, latched Fault Mode Ratio of +/- amplitudes of lamp voltage > 1.15 or < 0.85 EOL2 500ms X Power down, latched Fault Mode No zero voltage switching Cap.Load 1 500ms X Power down, latched Fault Mode Voltage at Pin RES > 3.0V Open Filament 500ms X Power down, latched Fault Mode Bus voltage > 109% of rated level in active operation Overvoltage 500ms X Power down, latched Fault Mode Bus voltage > 109% of rated level 10µs after power up Overvoltage Bus voltage > 109% of rated level in active operation PFC Overvoltage 5µs Bus voltage < 75% of rated level Undervoltage 80µs Bus voltage < 15% of rated level Open Loop Detection 1µs Capacitive Load, Operation below resonance Cap.Load 2 610µs Run frequency can not be achieved No Ignition 235ms Voltage at Pin RES > 1.6V before power up LS open Filament 1ms Prevents power up Current into Pin LVS < 12µA HS open Filament 1ms Prevents power up Voltage at Pin PFCCS > 1.0V PFC Overcurrent 260ns Voltage at Pin LSCS > 0.8V Inverter Current Limit 250ns Voltage at Pin LSCS > 1.6V Inverter Overcurrent 400ns Supply voltage at Pin VCC < 14.0V before power up Below startup threshold 1µs Supply voltage at Pin VCC < 10.5V after power up Below UVLO threshold 1µs Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 Consequence Ignition Mode 40 - 235ms Pre-Run Mode 250ms Run Mode Detection active during Softstart 10ms Preheat Mode 0 - 2000ms Fault-Type Min. Duration of Effect Description of Fault Gate drivers off, restart after VCC hysteresis X X X X X X X X X X Turn-off PFC MOSFET until Bus Voltage < 105% X Gate drivers off, restart after VCC hysteresis X Power down X Power down, latched Fault Mode X X X X Power down, latched Fault Mode X X X X X X Turn-off PFC MOSFET immediately Increases the Operating Frequency X X Power Down, Latched Fault Mode Prevents power up X 19 X X X X Power Down, Reset of Latched Fault Mode March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6 Note: 6.1 Note: Electrical Characteristics All voltages without the high side signals are measured with respect to ground (pin 4). The high side voltages are measured with respect to pin17/20. The voltage levels are valid if other ratings are not violated. Absolute Maximum Ratings Absolute maximum ratings are defined as ratings, which when being exceeded may lead to destruction of the integrated circuit. For the same reason make sure, that any capacitor that will be connected to pin 3 (VCC) and pin 18 (HSVCC) is discharged before assembling the application circuit. Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. max. Unit Remarks LSCS Voltage VLSCS -5 6 V LSCS Current ILSCS -3 3 mA LSGD Voltage VLSGD -0.3 Vcc+0.3 V internally clamped to 11V VCC Voltage VVCC -0.3 18 V see VCC Zener Clamp VCC Zener Clamp Current IVCCzener -5 5 mA IC in Power Down Mode PFCGD Voltage VPFCGD -0.3 Vcc+0.3 V internally clamped to 11V PFCCS Voltage VPFCCS -5 6 V PFCCS Current IPFCCS -3 3 mA PFCZCD Voltage VPFCZCD -3 6 V PFCZCD Current IPFCZCD -5 5 mA PFCVS Voltage VPFCVS -0.3 5.3 V RFRUN Voltage VRFRUN -0.3 5.3 V RFPH Voltage VRFPH -0.3 5.3 V RTPH Voltage VRTPH -0.3 5.3 V RES Voltage VRES -0.3 5.3 V LVS Current1 ILVS_1 -1 1 mA IC in Power Down Mode LVS Current2 ILVS_2 -3 3 mA IC in Active Mode HSGND Voltage VHSGND -900 900 V referring to GND HSGND, Voltage Transient dVHSGND/dt -40 40 V/ns HSVCC Voltage VHSVCC -0.3 18 V referring to HSGND HSGD Voltage VHSGD -0.3 VHSVCC+ 0.3 V internally clamped to 11V referring to HSGND PFCGD Peak Source Current IPFCGDsomax — 150 mA < 100ns PFCGD Peak Sink Current IPFCGDsimax — 700 mA < 100ns LSGD Peak Source Current ILSGDsomax — 75 mA < 100ns LSGD Peak Sink Current ILSGDsimax — 400 mA < 100ns HSGD Peak Source Current IHSGDsomax — 75 mA < 100ns HSGD Peak Sink Current IHSGDsimax — 400 mA < 100ns Junction Temperature Tj -25 150 °C Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 20 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics Storage Temperature TS -55 150 °C Max possible Power Dissipation Ptot — 2 W PG-DSO-18-2, Tamb = 25°C Thermal Resistance (Both Chips) Junction-Ambient RthJA — 60 K/W PG-DSO-18-2 Thermal Resistance (HS Chips) Junction-Ambient RthJAHS — 120 K/W PG-DSO-18-2 Thermal Resistance (LS Chips) Junction-Ambient RthJALS — 120 K/W PG-DSO-18-2 260 °C wave sold. acc.JESD22A111 VESD — 2 kV Human body model1) Soldering Temperature ESD Capability 1) According to EIA/JESD22-A114-B (discharging an 100pF capacitor through an 1.5kΩ series resistor). 6.2 Operating Range Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. max. Unit Remarks HSVCC Supply Voltage VHSVCC VHSVCCoff 17.0 V referring to HSGND HSGND Supply Voltage VHSGND -900 900 V referring to GND VCC Supply Voltage VVCC VVCCoff 17.5 V LSCS Voltage Range VLSCS -4 5 V PFCVS Voltage Range VPFCVS 0 4 V PFCCS Voltage Range VPFCCS -4 5 V PFCZCD Current Range IPFCZCD -4 4 mA LVS Voltage Range VLVS -0.3 1) V IC in Power Down Mode LVS Current Range ILVS 2) 300 µA IC in Power Down Mode LVS Current Range ILVS -2.5 2.5 mA IC in Active Mode Junction Temperature Tj -25 125 °C Adjustable Preheating Frequency Range set by RFPH FRFPH FRFRUN 150 kHz Adjustable Run Frequency Range set by RFRUN FRFRUN 20 100 kHz Adjustable Preheating Time Range set by RTPH tRTPH 0 1980 ms Set Resistor for Run Frequency RFRUN 5 25 kΩ Set Resistor for Preheating Frequency (RFRUN parallel RFPH) RFRUN II RFPH 3.3 Set Resistor for Preheating Time RTPH 1) Limited by maximum of current range at LVS 2) Limited by minimum of voltage range at LVS Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 kΩ 0 20 21 kΩ March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3 6.3.1 Note: Characteristics Power Supply Section The electrical characteristics involve the spread of values given within the specified supply voltage and junction temperature range TJ from – 25 °C to 125 °C. Typical values represent the median values, which are related to 25°C. If not otherwise stated, a supply voltage of VCC = 15 V and VHSVCC = 15V is assumed and the IC operates in active mode. Furthermore all voltages are referring to GND if not otherwise mentioned. Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition High Side Leakage Current IHSGNDleak 0.01 2 µA VHSGND = 800V VGND = 0V VCC Quiescent Current IVCCqu1 80 120 µA VVCC = VVCCoff - 0.5V VCC Quiescent Current IVCCqu2 110 150 µA VVCC = VVCCon - 0.5V VCC Supply Current with Inactive Gates IVCCsup1 5 7 mA VPFCVS > 2.725V VCC Supply Current in Latched Fault Mode IVCClatch — 110 170 µA VRES = 5V LS VCC Turn-On Threshold LS VCC Turn-Off Threshold LSVCC Turn-On/Off Hysteresis VVCCon VVCCoff VVCChys 13.6 10.0 3.2 14.1 10.5 3.6 14.6 11.0 4.0 V V V VCC Zener Clamp Voltage VVCCclmp 15.7 16.3 16.9 V IVCC = 2mA VRES = 5V VCC Zener Clamp Current IVCCzener 2.5 — 5 mA VVCC = 17.5V VRES = 5V HSVCC Quiescent Current IHSVCCqu1) — 170 250 µA VHSVCC = VHSVCCon -0.5V — 0.65 1.2 mA 9.6 7.9 1.4 10.1 8.4 1.7 10.7 9.1 2.0 V V V HSVCC Supply Current with Inactive Gate IHSVCCsup1 1) HSVCC Turn-On Threshold VHSVCCon1) HSVCC Turn-Off Threshold VHSVCCoff1) HSVCC Turn-On/Off Hysteresis VHSVCChys1) 1) With reference to High Side Ground HSGND Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 22 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3.2 PFC Section 6.3.2.1 PFC Current Sense (PFCCS) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Turn-Off Threshold VPFCCSoff 0.95 1.0 1.05 V Duration of Overcurrent for turn-off tPFCCSoff 200 250 320 ns Spike Blanking tblanking 140 200 260 ns PFCCS Bias Current IPFCCSbias -0.5 0.5 µA VPFCCS = 1.5V Unit Test Condition 6.3.2.2 PFC Zero Current Detector (PFCZCD) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Zero Crossing Upper Threshold VPFCZCDup 1.4 1.5 1.6 V Zero Crossing Lower Threshold VPFCZCDlow 0.4 0.5 0.6 V Zero Crossing Hysteresis VPFCZCDhys Clamping of Positive Voltages VPFCZCDpclp 5.0 6.3 7.2 V IPFCZCD = 4mA Clamping of Negative Voltages VPFCZCDnclp -3.5 -2.9 -2.0 V IPFCZCD = 4mA PFCZCD Bias Current IPFCZCDbias -0.5 0.5 µA VPFCZCD = 1.7V PFCZCD Ringing Suppression Time tringsup 350 650 ns 6.3.2.3 1.0 500 V PFC Bus Voltage Sense (PFCVS) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Trimmed Reference Voltage VPFCVSref 2.47 2.5 2.53 V Overvoltage Upper Detection Limit VPFCVSup 2.675 2.725 2.78 V Overvoltage Lower Detection Limit VPFCVSlow 2.57 2.625 2.67 V Overvoltage Hysteresis VPFCVShys 70 100 130 mV Undervoltage Detection Limit VPFCVSuv 1.79 1.83 1.87 V Undervoltage Shut Down VPFCVSsd 0.30 0.375 0.45 V Bias Current (ESD-Stress<1KV) IPFCVSbias -1 1 µA VPFCVS = 2.5V Bias Current (ESD-Stress>1KV) IPFCVSbias -2.5 2.5 µA VPFCVS = 2.5V Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 23 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3.2.4 PFC PWM Generation Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Initial On-Time tPFCon-initial 2.0 3.0 3.8 µs VPFCZCD = 0V Max. On-Time tPFCon-max 19 23.5 28 µs 0.45V < VPFCVS < 2.45V Repetition Time when missing Zero Crossing tPFCrep 38 50 62 µs VPFCZCD = 0V Off-time when missing ZCD Signal tPFCoff 35 42 49 µs VPFCZCD = 0V Unit Test Condition 6.3.2.5 PFC Gate Drive (PFCGD) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. PFCGD Low Voltage PFCGD High Voltage VPFCGDlow VPFCGDhigh typ. max. 0.4 0.7 0.9 V IPFCGD = 5mA 0.4 0.75 1.1 V IPFCGD = 20mA -0.1 0.3 0.6 V IPFCGD = -20mA 10.2 11 11.8 V IPFCGD = -20mA 9.0 — — V IPFCGD = -1mA VVCC = VVCCoff + 0.3V 8.5 — — V IPFCGD = -5mA VVCC = VVCCoff + 0.3V IPFCGD = 20mA VVCC = 5V PFCGD Voltage Active Shut Down VPFCGDsd 0.4 0.75 1.1 V PFCGD Peak Source Current IPFCGDsource — 100 — mA Rload = 4Ω + CLoad = 3.3nF1) PFCGD Peak Sink Current IPFCGDsink — -500 — mA Rload = 4Ω + CLoad = 3.3nF1) PFCGD Rise Time 2V < VLSGD < 8V tPFCGDrise 110 220 400 ns Rload = 4Ω + CLoad = 3.3nF PFCGD Fall Time 8V > VLSGD > 2V tPFCGDfall 20 45 70 ns Rload = 4Ω + CLoad = 3.3nF 1) The parameter is not subject to production test - verified by design/characterization Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 24 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3.3 Inverter Section 6.3.3.1 Inverter Control (RFRUN, RFPH, RTPH) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Fixed Start-Up Frequency Fstartup 112 125 138 kHz Duration of Soft Start, shift F from Start-Up to Preheating Frequency tsoftstart 9.0 11.0 13.5 ms Preheating Frequency FRFPH1 97.0 100 103.0 kHz RRFPH = 10kΩ RRFRUN = 10kΩ Run Frequency FRFRUN1 49.0 50.0 51.0 kHz RRFRUN = 10kΩ Preheating Time tRTPH1 720 900 1080 ms RRTPH = 8.06kΩ Preheating Time tRTPH2 50 90 130 ms RRTPH = 806Ω1) Current Source Preheating Time IRTPH 132 140 148 µA Min. Duration of Ignition, shift F from Preheating to Run Frequency tIGNITION 34 40 48 ms 1) Max. Duration of Ignition, shift F from Preheating to Run Frequency tNOIGNITION 210 235 290 ms 1) Duration of Pre-Run, time period after operating frequency has reached Run Frequency first time after ignition tPRERUN 210 250 290 ms 1) Minimum Duration of fault condition by EOL2, Cap.Load 1, Open filament and Overvoltage for entering latched Fault Mode tCAPLOAD1 420 500 580 ms 1) Minimum Duration of fault condition by EOL1, Cap.Load 2 for entering latched Fault Mode tCAPLOAD2 520 610 770 µs 1) The parameter is not subject to production test - verified by design/characterization 6.3.3.2 Inverter Low Side Current Sense (LSCS) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Current Limit Threshold during Ignition Mode VLSCSlimit 0.76 0.80 0.84 V Duration of Current above Threshold for enabling Frequency Increase tLSCSlimit 200 250 320 ns Overcurrent Shut Down Threshold VLSCSovc 1.55 1.60 1.65 V Duration of Overcurrent for entering Latched Fault Mode tLSCSovc 320 400 480 ns Bias Current LSCS ILSCSbias -0.5 0.5 µA Inverter Dead Time between LS off and HS on tdeadtime 1.50 2.0 µs Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 25 1.75 Test Condition VLSCS = 1.5V March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3.3.3 Restart after Lamp Removal (RES) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Low-side Open Filament Threshold VRESofil 3.1 3.2 3.3 V Capacitive Load Detection Threshold VREScap 0.18 0.24 0.30 V Discharge Resistor during Latched Fault Mode RRESdisch 37 56 75 kΩ I1 Current Source IRES1 -54.3 -41 -30.0 µA VRES=1V; LVS=5µA I2 Current Source IRES2 -46 -34 -24.2 µA VRES=2V; LVS=5µA I3 Current Source IRES3 -27.0 -20 -15.1 µA VRES=1V; LVS=50µA I4 Current Source IRES4 -22.6 -17 -12.3 µA VRES=2V; LVS=50µA C1 Comparator Threshold VRESC1 1.55 1.6 1.65 V C2 Comparator Threshold VRESC2 1.25 1.3 1.35 V C3 Comparator Threshold VRESC3 0.32 0.375 0.46 V 6.3.3.4 Lamp Voltage Sense (LVS) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Source Current before Start Up ILVSsource -8 -5 -2 µA 11 < VVCC < 13V VLVS = 0V Threshold for enabling Lamp Monitoring VLVSenable 1.5 2.3 3.0 V 11 < VVCC < 13V Sink Current Threshold for Lamp Detection ILVSsink 9 15 26 µA VLVS > VVCC Positive EOL Current Threshold ILVSpEOLAC 185 215 250 µA T > 0°C, AC input Negative EOL Current Threshold ILVSnEOLAC -250 -215 -185 µA T > 0°C, AC input EOL Current Threshold ILVSEOLDC +/-145 +/-175 +/-210 µA T > 0°C, DC input Maximum Ratio between positive and negative Current Amplitude1) ROLVSmax 1.1 1.2 1.3 ILVSsourpeak=150µA ILVSsinkpeak= increasing Minimum Ratio between positive and negative Current Amplitude1) ROLVSmin 0.75 0.85 0.95 ILVSsinkpeak=150µA ILVSsourcepeak= increasing Positive Clamping Voltage ILVSclmp - VVCC + 1V - Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 26 V ILVS = 300µA March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 1) Referring to the following equations: RO 6.3.3.5 LVS I (n + 1) LVS sin kpeak = -------------------------------------------------------I (n) LVSsourcepeak I LVSsource ( n + 2 ) RO LVS = -------------------------------------------------------I (n + 1) LVS sin kp eak Inverter Low Side Gate Drive (LSGD) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. LSGD Low Voltage LSGD High Voltage VLSGDlow VLSGDhigh typ. Unit Test Condition max. 0.4 0.7 1.0 V ILSGD = 5mA 0.5 0.8 1.2 V ILSGD = 20mA -0.3 0.1 0.4 V ILSGD = -20mA 10.0 10.8 11.6 V IPFCGD = -20mA 9.0 — — V IPFCGD = -1mA VVCC = VVCCoff + 0.3V 8.5 — — V IPFCGD = -5mA VVCC = VVCCoff + 0.3V LSGD Voltage Active Shut Down VLSGDsd 0.5 0.8 1.2 V IHSGD = 20mA VHSVCC = 5V LSGD Peak Source Current ILSGDsource — 50 — mA Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF1) LSGD Peak Sink Current ILSGDsink — -300 — mA Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF1) LSGD Rise Time 2V < VLSGD < 8V tLSGDrise 110 220 400 ns Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF LSGD Fall Time 8V > VLSGD > 2V tLSGDfall 20 35 60 ns Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF 1) The parameter is not subject to production test - verified by design/characterization Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 27 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Electrical Characteristics 6.3.3.6 Inverter High Side Gate Drive (HSGD) Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. HSGD Low Voltage HSGD High Voltage VHSGDlow VHSGDhigh typ. Unit Test Condition max. 0.02 0.05 0.1 V IHSGD = 5mA 0.5 1.1 2.5 V IHSGD = 100mA -0.4 -0.2 -0.05 V IHSGD = -20mA 9.5 10.5 11.0 V IHSGD = -20mA 7.8 — — V IHSGD = -1mA VHSVCC = VHSVCCoff + 0.3V 0.05 0.22 0.50 V IHSGD = 20mA VHSVCC = 5V HSGD Voltage Active Shut Down VHSGDsd HSGD Peak Source Current IHSGDsource — 50 — mA Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF1) HSGD Peak Sink Current IHSGDsink — -300 — mA Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF1) HSGD Rise Time 2V < VHSGD < 8V tHSGDrise 140 220 300 ns Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF HSGD Fall Time 8V > VHSGD > 2V tHSGDfall 20 35 70 ns Rload = 10Ω + CLoad = 1nF 1) The parameter is not subject to production test - verified by design/characterization Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 28 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples 7 Application Examples 7.1 Operating Behaviour of a Ballast for a single Fluorescent Lamp After turning on the mains switch the peak value of the rectified AC input voltage is available at C02 and smoothing capacitor C10 (Fig. 17). Via R11 and R12 the supply voltage increases at bypass capacitors C12 and C13. At a level of 10,5V a source current out of pin RES is sensing the existence of the low-side filament of the fluorescent lamp. Fed from the BUS voltage a current is detected at pin LVS via R41, R42, R43, when the high-side filament is connected. The current fed into pin LVS is used to charge C12 via internal clamping diode. The IC changes into active mode when Vcc level achieves the turn-on threshold of 14V and both filaments are detected. The active IC is sensing the BUS voltage level via R14, R15. Gate drives are disabled when open loop or overvoltage are detected. If BUS voltage level is within the allowed range, the low-side Gate drive is starting with the first pulse of the 125kHz softstart frequency. Only few cycles are required to charge the bootstrap capacitor C14 via D6, R30 and Q3. Without R30 there is a risk of overcurrent shut down by exceeding the 1,6V threshold at pin LSCS. The power supply is generated by a charge pump C16, D7 and D8. In normal operation C16 is charged and discharged via C17 from the current forced by the resonance inductor L2 during the deadtime of the inverter producing a zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation. Run frequency, preheating frequency and preheating time are set by resistors R21, R22 and R23. R41 R13 PFCZCD R14 PFCGD R16 R2 90 ... 270 VAC HSGD R15 Q1 PFCVS R11 C10 PFCCS R3 R12 VCC C3 GND C2 PE ICB1FL03G R1 HSGND LSGD R18 R19 C11 R20 D9 C20 Q3 C14 R27 C16 C18 D6 D7 R30 R24R25 K3 K6 K5 C22 R36 D8 C61 SMD D61 SMD-Z Figure 17 K4 R61 R21R22R23 C13 C12 L2 C15 HSVCC K1 C17 R26 LSCS RFPH C4 RFRUN C1 K2 Q2 LVS D5 RES D1...4 R42 R43 L21 C21 R35 RTPH C5 L10 R34 L1 L22 C19 Application circuit of a Ballast for a single Fluorescent Lamp with voltage mode Preheating. During run mode the lamp voltage is sensed via R41, R42, R43 in order to detect an abnormal increasing of lamp voltage or an rectifier effect that can occur at end-of-life conditions of the lamp. At the pin RES there is also detected a non-ZVS operation, classified into Capmode1 and Capmode2. This will be done by the capacitive divider C18, C19, that transfers the divided AC-part of the inverter output voltage to pin RES. Dependent on the shape of the signal two different time windows can be started at abnormal conditions in order to protect the ballast. Zener diode D61 limits voltage transients at pin RES that can occur during removal of the lamp. Voltage mode preheating is done by two separate windings on the resonant inductor L2. The bandpass filters L21, C21 and L22, C22 are designed to pass preheating current at preheating frequency only and to block any current during run mode. Ignition is provided by shifting the operating frequency towards the resonant frequency of L2 and C20. The voltage level during ignition is limited by the current sensed at Shunt resistors R24, R25 with a level of 0,8V at pin LSCS. Overcurrents that exceed a voltage level of 1,6V for longer than 400ns will disable the IC at any time and change into fault mode. The PFC preconverter with L1, Q1 and D5 is starting with a fixed frequent operation and change over to a critical conduction mode (CritCM) as soon as the level at pin PFCZCD is sufficient to trigger the operation. During light load the operation mode changes into discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Compensation of the voltage Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 29 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples control loop is completely integrated with a digital filter and error amplifier. PFC overcurrent is sensed by R18, R19, Bus overvoltage and undervoltage at pin PFCVS. A bypass diode D11 between the DC side of the mains rectifier and BUS capacitor is recommended in order to avoid an overload of the PFC MOSFET Q1. 7.2 Design Equations of a Ballast Application Subsequent the design equations are listed: Start-up resistors R11, R12: R 11 +R 12 V INMIN 200V- = 1, 33MΩ = ------------------------- = ---------------I 150µA VCCqu2 Selected value: R11= 470k; R12= 470k Current limitation resistor R13 of PFC zero current detector (PFCZCD). The additional factor 2 is used in order to keep away from limit value. R 13 V ⋅N ⋅2 BUS SEC 410V ⋅ 13 ⋅ 2 = 20, 8kΩ = ----------------------------------------------------------= --------------------------------I ⋅N ⋅1 4mA ⋅ 128 ⋅ 1 PFCZCD PRIM Selected value: R13= 33k. PFC Voltage sense resistor R20: R 20 V REF 2, 50V ≤ ------------------------------------------ = ------------------------------- = 10kΩ 100 ⋅ I 100 ⋅ 2, 5µA PFCBIAS Selected value: R20= 10k. PFC Voltage sense resistors R14, R15: R 14 +R 15 V –V BUS REF 410V – ( 2, 5V ) = --------------------------------------- ⋅ R = -------------------------------------- ⋅ 10k = 1630kΩ 20 V 2, 5V REF Selected values: R14= 820k; R15= 820k Low pass capacitor C11: Selected corner frequency fC1= 10kHz. C 11 1 ⋅ (R + R + R ) 20 14 15 1 ⋅ ( 10k + 820k + 820k ) = --------------------------------------------------------------------------= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = 1, 60nF 2⋅π⋅f ⋅ R ⋅ (R + R ) 2 ⋅ π ⋅ 10kHz ⋅ 10k ⋅ ( 820k + 820k ) C1 20 14 15 Selected value C3= 2,2nF PFC Shunt resistors R18, R19: Selected values: R18= 2,2Ohm; R19= 2,2Ohm Set resistor R21 for run frequency, at a projected run frequency of 45kHz: Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 30 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples V ⋅η⋅V ⋅ 2 R ⋅R PFCCSOFF INACMIN 18 19 1V ⋅ 0, 95 ⋅ 180V ⋅ 2- = 1, 1Ω -------------------------= ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = ----------------------------------------------------4⋅P 4 ⋅ 55W R +R OUTPFC 18 19 R = R 21 FRUN 8 8 5 ⋅ 10 ⋅ ΩHz- = -------------------------------5 ⋅ 10 ⋅ ΩHz- = 11, 1kΩ = -------------------------------f 45kHz RUN Selected value: R21= 11,0k Set resistor R22 for preheating frequency, at a projected preheating frequency of 105kHz: R 22 = R FPH R FRUN 11, 0k = --------------------------------------------- = ------------------------------------------------ = 8, 4kΩ f ⋅R 105kHz ⋅ 11, 0k- – 1 --------------------------------------PH FRUN ------------------------------------ – 1 8 8 5 ⋅ 10 ⋅ ΩHz 5 ⋅ 10 ⋅ ΩHz Selected value: R22= 8,2k Set resistor R23 for preheating time, at a projected preheating time of 900ms: R 23 = R TPH T [ ms ] PH 900ms = -------------------------------------- = -------------------------------------- = 8, 93kΩ ( 112ms ) ⁄ ( kΩ ) ( 112ms ) ⁄ ( kΩ ) Selected value: R23= 8,2k Gate drive resistors R16, R26, R27 are recommended to be equal or higher than 10Ohm. Shunt resistors R24, R25: The selected lamp type 54W-T5 requires an ignition voltage of VIGN= 800V peak. In our application example the resonant inductor is evaluated to L2= 1,46mH and the resonant capacitor C20= 4,7nF. With this inputs we can calculate the ignition frequency fIGN : f IGN = V ⋅2 BUS 1 ± -----------------------π⋅V IGN --------------------------------------= 2 4⋅π ⋅L ⋅C 2 20 410V ⋅ 2 1 ± --------------------π ⋅ 800V ------------------------------------------------------------- = 69759Hz 2 4 ⋅ π ⋅ 1, 46mH ⋅ 4, 7nF The second solution of this equation (with the minus sign) leads to a result of 50163Hz, which is on the capacitive side of the resonant rise. This value is no solution, because the operating frequency approaches from the higher frequency level. In the next step we can calculate the current through the resonant capacitor C20 when reaching a voltage level of 800V peak. I C20 = V IGN ⋅2⋅π⋅f Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 IGN ⋅C 20 = 800V ⋅ 2 ⋅ π ⋅ 69759Hz ⋅ 4, 7nF = 1, 65A 31 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples Finally the resistors R24, R25 can be calculated from IC20 and the current limitation threshold during ignition mode. R ⋅R V 24 25 = -------------------------------------LSCSLIMIT- = ---------------0, 8V = 0, 485Ω -------------------------R +R I 1, 65A 24 25 C20 Selected values are R24= 0,82Ohm; R25= 0,82Ohm. Lamp voltage sense resistors R41, R42, R43: The selected lamp type 54W-T5 has a typical run voltage of 167V peak. We decide to set the EOL-thresholds at a level of 1,5 times the run voltage level (= 250,5V peak). R 41 +R 42 +R 43 V LEOL - = 250 , 5V = 1165kΩ = -------------------------------------------I 215µA LVSEOL Selected values: R41= 390k; R42= 390k; R43= 390k (R41+R42+R43=1170k). Current source resistors R34, R35 for detection of high-side filament: R 34 +R 35 V 200V- – ( 1170k ) = 6522kΩ INMIN - – ( R + R + R ) = ------------= -------------------------------------------41 42 43 26µA I LVSSINKMAX Selected values: R34= 2,2M; R35= 2,2M; Current limitation resistor R30 for floating bootstrap capacitor C14: A factor of 2 is provided in order to keep current level significant below LSCS turn-off threshold. R 30 2⋅V R ⋅R CCON 24 25 2 ⋅ 14V 0, 82 ⋅ 0, 82 ≥ ---------------------------------- ⋅ -------------------------- = ------------------ ⋅ ------------------------------ = 7, 18Ω V R +R 1, 6V 0, 82 + 0, 82 LSCSOVC 24 25 Selected value: R30= 10Ohm. Low-side filament sense resistor R36: For a single lamp ballast R 36 V RESC1MIN 1, 55V- = 57, 4kΩ ≤ ------------------------------------- = ------------------I 27, 0µA RES3MIN Selected value: R36= 56k Low pass filter capacitor C19: Capacitor C19 provides a low pass filter together with resistor R36 in order to suppress AC voltage drop at the low-side filament. When we estimate an AC voltage of 10V peak-to-peak at low-side filament during run mode at fRUN= 40kHz, we need a suppression of at least a factor FLP= 100 (-40dB). C F 19 = 2 2 –1 LP 100 – 1 ------------------------- = 2-------------------------2⋅π⋅f ⋅R ⋅ π ⋅ 40kHz ⋅ 56k RUN = 7, 1nF 36 Selected value for better ripple suppression: C19= 22nF. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 32 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples Detection of capacitive mode operation via C18: The DC level at pin RES is set by R36 and the source current IRES3. The preferred AC level is in the range between ∆VACRES= 1,5V to 2,0V at a ∆VBUS= 410V. C = C 18 19 ∆V ACRES 2V ⋅ ----------------------------- = 22nF ⋅ ------------- = 107pF ∆V 410V BUS Selected value: C18= 82pF. Bandpass filters L21/C21 and L22/C22 can be used in order to conduct filament currents preferred at preheating frequency and to suppress these currents during run mode. Inductor L1 of the boost converter: The inductivity of the boost inductor typically is designed to operate within a specified voltage range above a minimum frequency in order to get an easier RFI suppression. It is well known, that in critical conduction mode (CritCM) there is a minimum operating frequency at low input voltages and another minimum at maximum input voltage. In state-of-the-art CritCM PFC controllers we use the lowest value out of these two criterias: At minimum AC input voltage: L 2 (V ⋅ 2) ⋅ (V – (V ⋅ 2)) ⋅ η INACMIN BUS INACMIN = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A 4⋅F ⋅P ⋅V MIN OUTPFC BUS L A 2 ( 180V ⋅ 2 ) ⋅ ( 410V – ( 180V ⋅ 2 ) ) ⋅ 0, 95 = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = 3, 89mH 4 ⋅ 25kHz ⋅ 60 W ⋅ 410V At maximum AC input voltage L 2 (V ⋅ 2) ⋅ (V – (V ⋅ 2)) ⋅ η INACMAX BUS INACMAX = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------B 4⋅F ⋅P ⋅V MIN OUTPFC BUS L B 2 270V ⋅ 2 ) ⋅ ( 410V – ( 270V ⋅ 2 ) ) ⋅ 0, 95- = 1, 58mH = (-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 ⋅ 25kHz ⋅ 60 W ⋅ 410V With the new control principle for the PFC preconverter we have a third criteria that covers the maximum on-time tPFCOM-MAX= 23,5µs: L L 2 (V ⋅ 2) ⋅ T ⋅η INACMIN ONMAX = --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C 4⋅P OUTPFC C 2 180 ⋅ 2 ) ⋅ 23, 5µs ⋅ 0, 95- = 6, 03mH = (------------------------------------------------------------------4 ⋅ 60 W With the assumed conditions the lowest value out of LA, LB, LC is 1,58mH. Selected value: L1= 1,58mH. Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 33 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples Bill of material for the application circuit of Fig. 17 and the design equations standing ahead. This design was used as an evaluation board. Table 1 Bill of Material for a FL-Ballast of a 54W-T5 Lamp F1 Fuse 1A fast C17 150nF/630V IC1 ICB1FL03G C18 82pF/2KV Q1 SPP03N60C3 (600V/1,4Ω) C19 22nF/63V Q2 SPP03N60C3 (600V/1,4Ω) C20 4,7nF/1600V DC Q3 SPP03N60C3 (600V/1,4Ω) C21 22nF/400V D1...D4 B250C1000 C22 22nF/400V D5 MUR160 D6 MUR160 R11 470k D7 UF4003 R12 470k D8 UF4003 R13 33k D9 BZX79C16 R14 820k D61 BZX79C4V7 R15 820k L0 2x68mH/0,65A R16 22 L1 1,58mH; EFD25/13/9 R18 2,2 Np/Ns= 128/13 R19 2,2 1,46mH; EFD25/13/9 R20 10k L2 Np/Ns= 153/4 R21 11,0k (45,5kHz) L21 100µH; R22 8,2k (106,4kHz) L22 100µH; R23 8,2k (918ms) C01 220nF/X2/275V AC R24 0,82 C02 220nF/X2/275V AC R25 0,82 C03 3,3nF/Y1/400V AC R26 22 C10 10µF/450V DC R27 22 C11 2,2nF/63V R30 10 C12 470nF/63V R41 390k C13 470nF/63V R42 390k C14 100nF/63V R43 390k C15 150nF/630V R34 2,2M C16 1nF/1kV R35 2,2M R36 56k Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 34 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Application Examples 7.3 Other Ballast Topologies How to use ICB1FL03G in alternative topologies is demonstrated in the subsequent figures. In Fig. 18 we see an application for a single lamp with current mode preheating. Compared with Fig. 17 the difference is the connection of the resonant capacitor in series with the filaments. In respect of operating behaviour the current mode preheating cannot be designed with same variation of operating parameters: the preheating current is typically lower and lamp voltage during preheating higher than in topologies with voltage mode preheating. Figure 19 shows an application circuit of a ballast for a multi fluorescent lamp design in serial with voltage mode preheating R41 R34 D5 R13 PFCZCD R14 R15 Q1 PFCGD R16 R2 90 ... 270 VAC ICB1FL03G R1 PFCVS R11 C10 R12 VCC GND R3 C3 LSGD PFCCS C2 PE C24 Q3 C14 R27 C16 C18 D6 K6 D7 D9 R21R22R23 C13 R30 R24R25 D8 C61 SMD R36 D61 C19 SMD-Z Application Circuit of a Ballast for a single Fluorescent Lamp with Current Mode Preheating. R41 R34 R13 PFCZCD R14 R15 Q1 R2 90 ... 270 VAC PFCGD R16 PFCVS R11 C10 PFCCS R3 R12 VCC C3 GND C2 PE LSGD R18 R19 C11 R20 D9 L2 C20 Q3 C14 R27 C24 C16 C18 D6 D7 L23 C23 K4 K3 R61 R21R22R23 C13 C12 C25 C15 HSVCC HSGND K1 C17 R26 LSCS RFPH R1 ICB1FL03G C4 RFRUN C1 K2 Q2 HSGD RES D5 LVS D1...4 R42 R43 L21 C21 R35 RTPH L1 C5 L10 R30 R24R25 D8 C61 SMD D61 SMD-Z Figure 19 K5 R61 C12 Figure 18 K1 L2 C15 LSCS R18 R19 C11 R20 C17 R26 HSVCC HSGND RFPH C4 HSGD RFRUN C1 K2 Q2 LVS D1...4 RES C5 L10 R42 R43 R35 RTPH L1 L22 K6 K5 C22 R36 C19 Application Circuit of a Ballast for a Multilamp Design in Serial with Voltage Mode Preheating Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 35 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Package Outlines 1.27 0.35 +0.15 2) 0.2 20x 20 1 0.1 0.4 8° MAX. 7.6 -0.2 1) +0.09 0.35 x 45° 0.23 0.2 -0.1 PG-DSO-18-2 (Plastic Dual Small Outline) 2.65 MAX. Package Outlines 2.45 -0.2 8 +0.8 10.3 ±0.3 11 12.8 -0.2 1) 10 Index Marking 1) 2) Figure 20 Does not include plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 max per side Does not include dambar protrusion of 0.05 max per side Package dimensions and mechanical data (Dimensions in mm). Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 36 March 2009 ICB1FL03G Package Outlines Preliminary Datasheet Version 1.02 37 March 2009 http://www.infineon.com Published by Infineon Technologies AG